One-time continuous filling method for stope in downward drift cemented filling mining

Abstract

The invention provides a stope one-time continuous filling method in downward drift cemented filling mining, and relates to the technical field of filling mining method.The stope one-time continuous filling method in downward drift cemented filling mining comprises the steps that a drift stope is sequentially filled with two or more kinds of slurry with the cement-sand ratio, any two adjacent filling processes are continuous and uninterrupted, and the cement-sand ratio of the slurry filled firstly is larger than that of the slurry filled later. The one-time continuous filling method for the stope in downward drift cemented filling mining has the advantages that the obtained filling body is good in integrity, the mechanical property of the filling body is better, the filling efficiency is higher, and the filling cost is lower.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of filling mining methods, and in particular to a method for continuous filling of a stope in downward drift cemented filling mining. Background Art

[0002] The downward drift cemented filling mining method is a mine filling mining method, which is mainly applicable to the mining of ore bodies with general to extremely poor ore-rock quality. In this mining method, the ore body is divided into layers from top to bottom, with each layer having a height of 3 - 5 m. The overall mining is carried out in the order from top to bottom, that is, after mining the upper layer, the mining is transferred to the lower layer. Each layer is further divided into drift stopes, with the drift width being 3 - 5 m. The mining is carried out in two steps. That is, after mining the first-step stope, cemented filling is carried out. After the cemented filling is completed, the second-step stope is mined. After the second-step stope is mined, filling is carried out. After the entire layer is completely mined and filled, the mining is transferred to the lower layer.

[0003] For the downward drift cemented filling mining method, the mining process of the lower layer is carried out under the filling body of the upper layer. Therefore, the filling quality of the upper layer is crucial for the downward drift cemented filling mining method. At present, the filling of the drift stope in the downward drift cemented filling is usually carried out in two layers. The lower layer is filled with a high ash-sand ratio, and the upper layer is filled with a low ash-sand ratio. The two layers are filled in two times, that is, after the lower layer is filled and consolidated, the filling and consolidation of the upper layer are carried out.

[0004] However, the traditional two-time filling of the downward drift stope mainly has the following problems: 1. There is basically no adhesion between the lower filling body and the upper filling body formed by the two-time filling. They are two pieces of filling body materials stacked together. During the mining process, the high-strength filling body in the lower layer directly plays a role in protecting the mining environment. The low-proportion filling body in the upper layer presses on the high-strength filling body in the lower layer, exerting a certain pressure on the high-strength filling body in the lower layer. After each layer of filling is completed, due to the influence of the fineness of the filling tailings and beneficiation reagents, a thin mud layer will be formed on the surface of the filling body, which makes the stratification of the two filling bodies more obvious and the mechanical properties of the filling body are not good.

[0005] 2. The multi-layer filling in batches reduces the filling efficiency, resulting in a decrease in the mining and filling cycle speed, and thus affecting the mining capacity. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for continuous filling of a stope in downward drift cemented filling mining, which has the advantages of good integrity of the obtained filling body, better mechanical properties of the filling body, higher filling efficiency, and lower filling cost.

[0007] To achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: The present invention provides a method for one-time continuous filling of a stope in downward drift cemented filling mining, including: filling the drift stope with slurries having two or more ash-sand ratios in sequence, with no interruption between any two adjacent filling processes, and the ash-sand ratio of the slurry filled first being greater than that of the slurry filled later.

[0008] In an alternative embodiment, the lower part of the drift stope is filled with a slurry having a first ash-sand ratio. After filling reaches a first preset height, without interruption, the upper part of the drift stope is filled with a slurry having a second ash-sand ratio, and the first ash-sand ratio is greater than the second ash-sand ratio.

[0009] In an alternative embodiment, the first ash-sand ratio is between 1:2 and 1:6.

[0010] In an alternative embodiment, the second ash-sand ratio is between 1:8 and 1:20.

[0011] In an alternative embodiment, the ratio of the filling height of the upper part to the filling height of the lower part of the drift stope is between 1:3 and 2:1.

[0012] In an alternative embodiment, between any two adjacent filling processes, the ash-sand ratio of the slurry is directly switched through a surface filling system.

[0013] In an alternative embodiment, the drift stope is filled simultaneously through an inner slurry pipe and an outer slurry pipe, and the outer slurry pipe is located outside the inner slurry pipe; Both the inner slurry pipe and the outer slurry pipe initially fill the drift stope with a slurry having a third ash-sand ratio; after filling reaches a second preset height, the outer slurry pipe changes to filling the drift stope with a slurry having a fourth ash-sand ratio, and the inner slurry pipe changes to filling the drift stope with a slurry having a fifth ash-sand ratio; the third ash-sand ratio is greater than the fourth ash-sand ratio, and the fourth ash-sand ratio is greater than the fifth ash-sand ratio.

[0014] In an alternative embodiment, the entire drift stope is filled once continuously with slurries having different ash-sand ratios.

[0015] In an alternative embodiment, high-concentration or paste filling is adopted for filling to reduce the water bleeding degree of the filling slurry.

[0016] In an alternative embodiment, the width of the drift stope is 2m - 8m, the height of the drift stope is 2m - 8m, and the length of the drift stope is 10m - 100m.

[0017] The method for one-time continuous filling of a stope in downward drift cemented filling mining provided by the present invention can produce the following beneficial effects: 1. The continuous filling of the drift stope with slurries of different ratios is completed, and the integrity of the filling body is good, and the mechanical properties of the filling body are improved, ensuring the safety of stoping. 2. It is not necessary to wait for the consolidation of the lower slurry before filling the upper slurry, which improves the filling efficiency, speeds up the mining and filling cycle, and increases the production capacity of the stope. 3. Compared with the fractional filling, the cleaning of the filling pipeline after each filling is reduced, the discharge of underground pipeline cleaning water is reduced, the filling steps are simpler, and the filling cost is reduced. Description of the Drawings

[0018] In order to more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative efforts.

[0019] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of a filling body in a drift stope provided by an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2 It is another schematic diagram of a filling body in a drift stope provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

[0020] Reference Signs: 1 - upper filling body; 2 - lower filling body; 3 - second preset height; 4 - first filling body; 5 - second filling body; 6 - third filling body. Detailed Embodiments

[0021] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions of the present invention with reference to the drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are some, but not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0022] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention. In addition, the terms "first", "second", "third" are only used for descriptive purposes and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0023] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that unless otherwise clearly specified and defined, the terms "installation", "connection", and "coupling" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, and it can be the communication inside two components. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0024] The following specifically describes the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to illustrate and explain the present invention, and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0025] This embodiment aims to provide a method for continuous filling of a stope in downward drift cemented filling mining, including: filling the drift stope with slurries having two or more cement-sand ratios in sequence, without interruption between any two adjacent filling processes, and the cement-sand ratio of the previously filled slurry is greater than that of the subsequently filled slurry.

[0026] In the method for continuous filling of a stope provided in the above embodiment, due to the continuous and uninterrupted filling method of slurries with different cement-sand ratios, the integrity of the filled body is better, the mechanical properties of the filled body are improved, ensuring the safety of stoping. At the same time, there is no need to wait for the consolidation of the lower slurry before filling the upper slurry, improving the filling efficiency and the production capacity of the stope. The filling steps are also simpler and the filling cost is lower.

[0027] During specific operation, the drift stope can be filled with slurries having two, three, four or even more cement-sand ratios in sequence. Taking the filling with slurries having two cement-sand ratios as an example for specific description: The lower part of the drift stope is filled at the first cement-sand ratio. After filling reaches the first preset height, without interruption, the upper part of the drift stope is filled at the second cement-sand ratio, and the first cement-sand ratio is greater than the second cement-sand ratio.

[0028] As Figure 1 shown, during the consolidation process, a certain fusion will occur in the slurry at the contact part between the upper filled body 1 and the lower filled body 2. After the slurry in the drift stope is completely consolidated, the boundary line between the upper filled body 1 and the lower filled body 2 is not obvious, and the integrity of the filled body obtained is better.

[0029] In an alternative embodiment, the first cement-sand ratio is between 1:2 and 1:6, and specifically can be 1:2, 1:3, 1:4, 1:5 or 1:6.

[0030] The above first cement-sand ratio can ensure that the lower filled body 2 has better strength, and when mining the next layer, a firm false roof support structure is formed.

[0031] In an alternative embodiment, the second sand-to-lime ratio is between 1:8 and 1:20, and specifically can be 1:8, 1:10, 1:15, 1:18 or 1:20.

[0032] The above second sand-to-lime ratio can reduce the filling cost while ensuring that the strength of the upper filling body 1 meets the requirements.

[0033] In an alternative embodiment, when the drift stope is filled successively with slurries of two sand-to-lime ratios, the ratio of the upper filling height to the lower filling height of the drift stope is between 1:3 and 2:1, and specifically can be 1:3, 1:2, 1:1 or 2:1.

[0034] The above ratio setting can avoid the situation that the height of the lower filling body 2 is too small, resulting in an unstable false roof structure, and at the same time avoid the situation that the height of the lower filling body 2 is too large, resulting in too high filling cost.

[0035] In an alternative embodiment, directly switch the sand-to-lime ratio of the slurry through the surface filling system between any two adjacent filling processes.

[0036] The above method makes the switching between slurries of different sand-to-lime ratios faster, the operation process does not need to be interrupted, the filling process is more continuous, and the filling efficiency is improved.

[0037] It should be noted that the preset filling heights of slurries with different sand-to-lime ratios do not need to be absolutely accurate and can have a certain error, and the error is less than 0.3m.

[0038] In an alternative embodiment, as Figure 2 shown, the drift stope is filled simultaneously through the inner slurry pipe and the outer slurry pipe. The outer slurry pipe is located outside the inner slurry pipe; both the inner slurry pipe and the outer slurry pipe use the slurry with the third sand-to-lime ratio to conduct preliminary filling of the drift stope; after the filling reaches the second preset height 3, the outer slurry pipe changes to use the slurry with the fourth sand-to-lime ratio to fill the drift stope, and the inner slurry pipe changes to use the slurry with the fifth sand-to-lime ratio to fill the drift stope; the third sand-to-lime ratio is greater than the fourth sand-to-lime ratio, and the fourth sand-to-lime ratio is greater than the fifth sand-to-lime ratio.

[0039] It can be understood that the above inner slurry pipe is closer to the middle of the drift stope compared to the outer slurry pipe, and the outer slurry is closer to the edge of the drift stope compared to the inner slurry pipe.

[0040] As Figure 2As shown in the figure, after consolidation, a first filling body 4 is formed below the second preset height 3, a third filling body 6 and a second filling body 5 covering the outside of the third filling body 6 are formed above the second preset height 3. The ash-sand ratio of the slurry corresponding to the first filling body 4 is the third ash-sand ratio, the ash-sand ratio of the slurry corresponding to the second filling body 5 is the fourth ash-sand ratio, and the ash-sand ratio of the slurry corresponding to the third filling body 6 is the fifth ash-sand ratio.

[0041] Specifically, the ratio of the third ash-sand ratio to the first ash-sand ratio can be equal, the ratio of the fourth ash-sand ratio to the second ash-sand ratio can be equal, and the fifth ash-sand ratio is less than the second ash-sand ratio.

[0042] The advantages of the above-mentioned embodiment are as follows: it can make a stable filling body be formed at the edge of the drift stope, meeting the requirement of stable support for the lower stope during mining. Since in actual operation, the uniaxial compressive strength requirement for the filling body in the middle part of the top of the drift stope is not high, the filling cost can be reduced as much as possible while ensuring the formation of a stable false roof structure in the drift stope.

[0043] It should be noted that the boundary lines between the above-mentioned first filling body 4, second filling body 5 and third filling body 6 are not obvious boundary lines as Figure 2 shown, nor do they necessarily form boundary lines with the shape as Figure 2 shown. There will be a certain degree of fusion between slurries with different ash-sand ratios. Figure 2 The intention is to illustrate that the bottom layer of the drift stope is the first filling body 4 with the highest ash-sand ratio, and the upper layer is the second filling body 5 with a slightly lower ash-sand ratio surrounding the third filling body 6 with the lowest ash-sand ratio.

[0044] Among them, the second preset height 3 can be set according to actual needs. Preferably, the second preset height 3 is not less than 4m.

[0045] In an alternative embodiment, the inner ring slurry pipe may include a plurality of first slurry pipes, which are arranged in a ring shape, and each first slurry pipe is connected to the first surface filling system; the outer ring slurry pipe may include a plurality of second slurry pipes, and all the second slurry pipes are located in the space surrounded by the plurality of first slurry pipes. The arrangement shape of the plurality of second slurry pipes may not be limited, such as circular or rectangular, etc., and each second slurry pipe is connected to the second surface filling system.

[0046] In the above-mentioned embodiment, the first surface filling system can independently control the ash-sand ratio of the slurry entering each first slurry pipe, and the second surface filling system can independently control the ash-sand ratio of the slurry entering each second slurry pipe, which is convenient for the user to operate.

[0047] In an alternative embodiment, the entire drift stope is filled continuously at one time with slurries having different cement-sand ratios, so that the filling body within the entire drift stope forms an integral structure, improving the filling efficiency and the stope production capacity. Compared with staged filling, the cleaning of the filling pipeline after each filling is reduced, and the discharge of underground pipe-washing water is reduced.

[0048] In an alternative embodiment, high-concentration or paste filling is adopted to achieve substantially no bleeding or less bleeding of the filling slurry.

[0049] In an alternative embodiment, the width of the drift stope is 2 m - 8 m, specifically it can be 2 m, 4 m, 5 m, 6 m or 8 m; the height of the drift stope is 2 m - 8 m, specifically it can be 2 m, 4 m, 5 m, 6 m or 8 m; the length of the drift stope is 10 m - 100 m, specifically it can be 10 m, 30 m, 50 m, 70 m or 100 m.

[0050] The following uses a specific embodiment to specifically illustrate the above-mentioned one-time continuous filling method for the stope: The stope specifications are 4 m × 4 m × 20 m (height × width × length). The drift is filled in two layers. The lower 2 m is filled with a high cement-sand ratio of 1:4, and the uniaxial compressive strength at 28 days is greater than 3 MPa. The upper 2 m is filled with a low cement-sand ratio of 1:8, and the uniaxial compressive strength at 28 days is greater than 1 MPa. The total volume of the entire drift stope is 320 m 3 , and the filling capacity of the filling system is 80 m 3 / h, and the entire drift is filled once in 4 h. First, the lower 2 m of the drift with a high cement-sand ratio is filled. The cement-sand ratio is 1:4, and it is filled for 2 h. After reaching the first preset height, the filling system adjusts the cement addition amount to adjust the cement-sand ratio to 1:8, and continues to fill the entire drift.

[0051] Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and are not intended to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that: they can still modify the technical solutions recorded in the foregoing embodiments, or perform equivalent replacements on some or all of the technical features; and these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for continuous filling of a stope in downward drift cemented filling mining, characterized in that, Including: Using slurries with two or more sand - ash ratios to fill the drift stope in sequence. There is no interruption between any two adjacent filling processes, and the sand - ash ratio of the previously filled slurry is greater than that of the subsequently filled slurry.

2. The method for continuous filling of a stope in downward drift cemented filling mining according to claim 1, characterized in that Using the slurry with the first sand - ash ratio to fill the lower part of the drift stope. After filling reaches the first preset height, without interruption, use the slurry with the second sand - ash ratio to fill the upper part of the drift stope. The first sand - ash ratio is greater than the second sand - ash ratio.

3. The method for one-time continuous backfilling of a stope in downward drift cemented filling mining according to claim 2, characterized in that The first sand - ash ratio is between 1:2 and 1:

6.

4. The method for continuous primary stope filling in downward drift cemented filling mining according to claim 2, characterized in that, The second sand - ash ratio is between 1:8 and 1:

20.

5. The method for continuous primary stope filling in downward drift cemented filling mining according to claim 2, wherein The ratio of the filling height of the upper part to the filling height of the lower part of the drift stope is between 1:3 and 2:

1.

6. The method for one-time continuous backfilling of a stope in downward drift cemented filling mining according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that Between any two adjacent filling processes, directly switch the sand - ash ratio of the slurry through the surface filling system.

7. The method for continuous primary stope filling in downward drift cemented filling mining according to claim 1, characterized in that, Fill the drift stope simultaneously through the inner - ring slurry pipe and the outer - ring slurry pipe. The outer - ring slurry pipe is located outside the inner - ring slurry pipe. Both the inner - ring slurry pipe and the outer - ring slurry pipe use the slurry with the third sand - ash ratio to conduct preliminary filling of the drift stope. After filling reaches the second preset height (3), the outer - ring slurry pipe changes to use the slurry with the fourth sand - ash ratio to fill the drift stope, and the inner - ring slurry pipe changes to use the slurry with the fifth sand - ash ratio to fill the drift stope. The third sand - ash ratio is greater than the fourth sand - ash ratio, and the fourth sand - ash ratio is greater than the fifth sand - ash ratio.

8. The method for primary continuous backfilling of a stope in downward drift cemented filling mining according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that The entire drift stope is continuously filled once with slurries of different sand - ash ratios.

9. The method for one-time continuous backfilling of a stope in downward drift cemented filling mining according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, The filling adopts high - concentration or paste filling to reduce the water - bleeding degree of the filling slurry.

10. The method for one-time continuous backfilling of a stope in downward drift cemented filling mining according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, The width of the drift stope is 2m - 8m, the height of the drift stope is 2m - 8m, and the length of the drift stope is 10m - 100m.

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