Fine adjustment device for worm and gear transmission

Abstract

The fine adjustment device for worm and gear transmission comprises a shell, a horizontal worm gear is rotationally arranged in the shell, and an output shaft penetrating out of the shell is fixed to the center of the worm gear; a worm gear is arranged in the shell, a rotating shaft is rotationally arranged on each of the two sides of the worm gear in the shell, a worm meshed with the worm gear is fixed in each rotating shaft, one end of each rotating shaft penetrates out of the shell and is fixedly provided with a rotating handle, and compared with the prior art, the precision, efficiency and reliability are improved through the design of bidirectional clearance elimination, fine adjustment and locking.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of transmission mechanisms, and specifically to a fine-tuning device for worm and worm gear transmission. Background Art

[0002] Due to advantages such as high reduction ratio and compact structure, worm and worm gear transmission has long been widely used in scenarios requiring precise transmission and position control, such as: laser collimation systems, optical lens focusing mechanisms, spectrometer optical path adjustment, CNC machine tool tool compensation, coordinate measuring machine positioning platforms, etc. In these fields, traditional worm and worm gear devices need to meet the core requirements of micron-level adjustment accuracy, long-term stability, and bidirectional backlash-free transmission. However, due to design limitations in the prior art, it is often difficult to balance these performance requirements.

[0003] The prior art uses a single worm meshing with a worm gear. The lead angle of the worm is less than the friction angle, and one-way drive is achieved through the self-locking characteristic. However, the worm gear cannot drive the worm in the reverse direction, and emergency manual reset or bidirectional adjustment cannot be achieved; the backlash between teeth causes an idle stroke error, and frequent calibration is required, affecting long-term accuracy; coarse adjustment and fine adjustment rely on external additional mechanisms. In the prior art, a spring or hydraulic device is installed at the end of the worm shaft, and the worm and the worm gear are forced to mesh tightly through an axial preloading force to eliminate the backlash between teeth. However, after long-term use, the spring fatigues or the hydraulic pressure leaks, and the backlash gradually increases. Excessive preloading causes accelerated wear of the tooth surfaces of the worm and the worm gear.

[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a fine-tuning device for worm and worm gear transmission to solve the problems raised in the above background art. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solution: A fine-tuning device for worm and worm gear transmission, including a housing, in which a horizontal worm gear is rotatably arranged, and an output shaft passing through the housing is fixed at the center of the worm gear;

[0006] On both sides of the worm gear in the housing, a rotating shaft is rotatably arranged respectively. A worm meshing with the worm gear is fixed in each rotating shaft, and one end of each rotating shaft passes through the housing and is fixed with a turning handle.

[0007] Furthermore, a driven gear is sleeved on each rotating shaft, and a fine-tuning gear is rotatably arranged in the housing on one side of each driven gear. The central shaft of the fine-tuning gear passes through the housing and is fixed with a fine-tuning knob.

[0008] Furthermore, a circular groove is formed on one side surface of the driven gear, a turntable is rotatably arranged in the groove, a plurality of arc-shaped rotating rods are hinged around the turntable, and an arc-shaped friction block is fixed in the rotating rod;

[0009] The rotating shaft is fixed to the turntable.

[0010] Further, arc-shaped lines with a unified direction are distributed at the bottom of the groove, and a sliding needle is fixed at the end of each rotating rod.

[0011] Further, friction lines are provided on the outer wall of the friction block and the inner wall of the groove.

[0012] Further, the outer wall of each rotating shaft is rotatably sleeved in a sleeve, the sleeve is fixed in the housing, a plurality of wedge blocks are distributed along the circumference of the outer wall of the rotating shaft in the sleeve, the inner side of the wedge block is in contact with the rotating shaft, and the outer side is a slope;

[0013] A sliding ring is slidably and rotationally restricted at one end of the sleeve, a collar is fixed inside the sliding ring, and the inner wall of the collar is a slope and is in contact with each wedge block in the same rotating shaft.

[0014] Further, a locking bevel gear is rotatably sleeved on the outer wall of each rotating shaft, a rotating ring is fixed on one side of the locking bevel gear, an internal thread is provided on the inner wall of the rotating ring, an external thread is provided on the outer wall of the sliding ring, and the sliding ring is threadedly connected to the inner wall of the rotating ring.

[0015] Further, a spring is connected between the sleeve and each wedge block.

[0016] Further, a locking shaft is rotatably provided at the position between two rotating shafts in the housing, driving bevel gears are fixed at both ends of the locking shaft, and the two driving bevel gears are respectively engaged with the two locking bevel gears;

[0017] A locking rotating rod is connected to the center of the locking shaft through a driving bevel gear set, and the locking rotating rod penetrates to the outside of the housing.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0019] In the present invention, by designing the lead angle of the worm to be greater than the friction angle, the self-locking limit of the traditional worm and worm gear transmission is broken, and two-way reversible transmission is realized. When one side of the worm actively drives the turbine, the other side of the worm is used as a driven part, and the meshing tooth surface is in a gapless pre-tightening state due to the lead angle design. When driving in the reverse direction, it can be directly switched to active driving, eliminating the dead stroke error in the traditional transmission. The static backlash can be controlled within the angular second level, and it is applicable to high-precision scenarios such as optical instrument focusing and precision machinery calibration.

[0020] In the present invention, a two-stage reduction drive chain is formed through the tooth number difference between the driven gear and the fine adjustment gear, and the input of the fine adjustment knob is greatly reduced and transmitted to the rotating shaft. Moreover, the coarse adjustment handle and the fine adjustment knob are completely isolated. When performing coarse adjustment, the fine adjustment knob remains stationary, avoiding the resistance fluctuation and wear caused by the reverse idling of the gears. During forward transmission, the friction block is pressed against the inner wall of the groove, and the tangential force drives the rotating rod to expand outwards, forming a self-reinforcing frictional lock to ensure transmission rigidity. When rotating in the reverse direction, during coarse adjustment, the friction block separates, and the fine adjustment gear has no linkage, reducing the resistance and prolonging the service life of the precision gear.

[0021] In the present invention, the rotating locking rod drives the slip ring to squeeze the wedge block, and the rotating shaft is radially clamped tightly through the self-locking principle of the inclined plane to ensure no displacement under load. The bevel gear set drives the two side rotating shafts to be locked or unlocked synchronously, avoiding the worm gear eccentric load deformation caused by unilateral locking. When released, the spring pushes the wedge block and the rotating shaft to separate instantly, meeting the requirement of frequent adjustment. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0022] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of a fine adjustment device for worm and worm gear transmission;

[0023] Figure 2 It is a schematic structural diagram inside the housing;

[0024] Figure 3 It is a schematic structural diagram of the driven gear;

[0025] Figure 4 It is a schematic structural diagram of the sleeve;

[0026] In the figure: 1. Housing; 2. Worm gear; 3. Output shaft; 4. Rotating shaft; 41. Sleeve; 42. Wedge block; 43. Spring; 44. Slip ring; 45. Collar; 46. Rotating ring; 5. Worm; 6. Handle; 7. Driven gear; 71. Groove; 72. Turntable; 73. Rotating rod; 74. Friction block; 75. Sliding pin; 76. Arc pattern; 8. Fine adjustment gear; 9. Fine adjustment knob; 10. Locking shaft; 11. Locking bevel gear; 12. Driving bevel gear; 13. Driving bevel gear set; 14. Locking rod. Detailed Description of the Invention

[0027] Please refer to Figures 1-4 , in the embodiment of the present invention, a fine adjustment device for worm and worm gear transmission includes a housing 1. A horizontal worm gear 2 is rotatably arranged inside the housing 1, and an output shaft 3 penetrating to the outside of the housing 1 is fixed at the center of the worm gear 2;

[0028] On both sides of the worm gear 2 inside the housing 1, a rotating shaft 4 is rotatably arranged. A worm 5 meshing with the worm gear 2 is fixed in each rotating shaft 4, and one end of each rotating shaft 4 penetrates to the outside of the housing 1 and is fixed with a handle 6.

[0029] Moreover, the lead angle of the worm gear 2 and the worm 5 > the friction angle, which is a non-self-locking screw and can be reversely driven. The rotating handle 6 corresponding to one worm 5 is used for forward rotation, and the rotating handle 6 corresponding to the other worm 5 is used for reverse rotation. When one worm 5 drives the worm gear 2, the worm gear 2 will drive the other worm 5. At this time, since the other worm 5 is a driven part, its meshing tooth surface is in a non-gap contact state. When driving in the reverse direction, it can be directly switched to the active drive, eliminating the idle stroke error caused by the gap in the traditional drive.

[0030] In this embodiment, each of the rotating shafts 4 is sleeved with a driven gear 7. Inside the housing 1 on one side of each driven gear 7, a fine-tuning gear 8 is rotatably arranged. The central shaft of the fine-tuning gear 8 penetrates outside the housing 1 and is fixed with a fine-tuning knob 9.

[0031] The number of teeth of the driven gear 7 is greater than that of the fine-tuning gear 8, forming a two-stage reduction transmission chain. By rotating the fine-tuning knob 9, the fine-tuning gear 8 can drive the driven gear 7, thereby driving the rotating shaft 4 to rotate to finely adjust the stroke of the rotating shaft 4.

[0032] In this embodiment, a circular groove 71 is formed on one side surface of the driven gear 7. Inside the groove 71, a turntable 72 is rotatably arranged. A plurality of arc-shaped rotating rods 73 are hinged around the turntable 72, and an arc-shaped friction block 74 is fixed in the rotating rod 73;

[0033] The rotating shaft 4 is fixed to the turntable 72.

[0034] In this embodiment, arc-shaped lines 76 with a unified direction are distributed at the bottom of the groove 71. A sliding needle 75 is fixed at the end of each rotating rod 73.

[0035] In this embodiment, friction lines are provided on both the outer wall of the friction block 74 and the inner wall of the groove 71.

[0036] When the fine-tuning knob 9 drives the driven gear 7 to rotate counterclockwise against the arc-shaped lines 76, the sliding needle 75 slides outward under the guidance of the arc-shaped lines 76, pushing the friction block 74 at the end of the rotating rod 73 to press against the inner wall of the groove 71. The tangential force of the friction block 74 causes the rotating rod 73 to have a tendency to rotate outward, further increasing the contact pressure, forming a self-reinforcing frictional lock to ensure the rigid linkage of the driven gear 7, the turntable 72, and the rotating shaft 4;

[0037] When the rotating handle 6 coarsely adjusts to drive the rotating shaft 4, the rotating shaft 4 drives the turntable 72 to rotate clockwise in the direction of the arc-shaped lines 76, and the sliding needle 75 slides inward along the arc-shaped lines 76, and the friction block 74 quickly separates from the inner wall of the groove 71, cutting off the power transmission path to prevent the rotating shaft 4 from driving the driven gear 7 and the fine-tuning gear 8 in the reverse direction;

[0038] That is to say, only the driven gear 7 can drive the rotation of the rotating shaft 4, and the rotating shaft 4 cannot drive the driven gear 7 to rotate, ensuring that the coarse adjustment operation is completely independent, the fine adjustment knob 9 remains stationary, eliminating the resistance fluctuation caused by the reverse idling of the gears in the traditional linkage structure, reducing the wear caused by the rapid rotation of the fine adjustment gear 8, and preventing the precise fine adjustment gear 8 from being damaged due to overload.

[0039] In this embodiment, the outer wall of each rotating shaft 4 is rotatably sleeved in a sleeve 41, the sleeve 41 is fixed in the housing 1, and a plurality of wedge blocks 42 are distributed circumferentially along the outer wall of the rotating shaft 4 in the sleeve 41. The inner side of the wedge block 42 is in contact with the rotating shaft 4, and the outer side is an inclined surface.

[0040] One end of the sleeve 41 is provided with a sliding ring 44 that slides and is restricted from rotating. A collar 45 is fixed inside the sliding ring 44. The inner wall of the collar 45 is an inclined surface and is in contact with each wedge block 42 in the same rotating shaft 4.

[0041] In this embodiment, a locking bevel gear 11 is rotatably sleeved on the outer wall of each rotating shaft 4. A rotating ring 46 is fixed on one side surface of the locking bevel gear 11. An internal thread is provided on the inner wall of the rotating ring 46, and an external thread is provided on the outer wall of the sliding ring 44. The sliding ring 44 is threadedly connected to the inner wall of the rotating ring 46.

[0042] That is to say, by rotating the locking bevel gear 11, the sliding ring 44 can be slid, so that the collar 45 is sleeved at different positions of the wedge block 42, so that the wedge block 42 loosens or clamps the rotating shaft 4, so that the rotating shaft 4 can be locked.

[0043] In this embodiment, a spring 43 is connected between the sleeve 41 and each wedge block 42.

[0044] When the sliding ring 44 loosens the rotating shaft 4 by the wedge block 42, the elastic force of the spring 43 can separate the wedge block 42 from the rotating shaft 4 to reduce the friction when the rotating shaft 4 rotates.

[0045] In this embodiment, a locking shaft 10 is rotatably arranged at the position between two rotating shafts 4 in the housing 1. Active bevel gears 12 are fixed at both ends of the locking shaft 10, and the two active bevel gears 12 are respectively engaged with the two locking bevel gears 11.

[0046] The center of the locking shaft 10 is connected with a locking rotating rod 14 through a driving bevel gear set 13, and the locking rotating rod 14 penetrates to the outside of the housing 1.

[0047] That is to say, by rotating the locking rotating rod 14, the two rotating shafts 4 can be locked or loosened synchronously.

[0048] During specific implementation, it includes:

[0049] Coarse adjustment operation: Rotate the left handle 6 clockwise or the right handle 6 counterclockwise. The worm 5 drives the worm wheel 2 to rotate the output shaft 3. When the shaft 4 rotates, the rotary disk 72 drives the sliding pin 75 at the end of the rotating rod 73 to slide inward along the arc-shaped pattern 76 at the bottom of the groove 71. The friction block 74 separates from the inner wall of the groove 71, cutting off the connection between the fine adjustment gear 8 and the shaft 4.

[0050] Fine-tuning operation: Rotate the left fine-tuning knob 9 clockwise or the right fine-tuning knob 9 counterclockwise to drive the driven gear 7 through the fine-tuning gear 8. When the driven gear 7 rotates in the opposite direction along the arc-shaped pattern 76, the sliding pin 75 is guided by the arc-shaped pattern 76 to slide outward, pushing the friction block 74 at the end of the rotating rod 73 to press against the inner wall of the groove 71. The tangential force of the friction block 74 causes the rotating rod 73 to rotate further outward, forming a self-enhancing friction lock. The driven gear 7 is rigidly connected to the rotating shaft 4 through the rotating disk 72, driving the worm 5 to achieve micron-level adjustment;

[0051] Locking and unlocking operation: Rotate the locking rod 14 clockwise, drive the slip ring 44 to move axially through the bevel gear set, and the collar 45 squeezes the wedge block 42 to hold the rotating shaft 4 tightly. The inclined surface contact generates radial pressure, and the rotating shaft 4 is rigidly locked; rotate the locking rod 14 counterclockwise, the spring 43 pushes the wedge block 42 to separate from the rotating shaft 4, and the friction block 74 is reset to the separated state.

[0052] The above is only a preferred specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with this technical field, within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, who makes equivalent replacements or changes based on the technical solutions and inventive concepts of the present invention, should be covered by the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A fine adjustment device for worm and worm gear transmission, comprising a housing (1), characterized in that, A horizontal worm gear (2) is rotatably arranged inside the housing (1), and an output shaft (3) passing through to the outside of the housing (1) is fixed at the center of the worm gear (2). On both sides of the worm gear (2) inside the housing (1), a rotating shaft (4) is rotatably arranged. A worm (5) meshing with the worm gear (2) is fixed in each rotating shaft (4), and one end of each rotating shaft (4) passes through to the outside of the housing (1) and is fixed with a turning handle (6).

2. The fine adjustment device for worm and worm gear transmission according to claim 1, characterized in that, A driven gear (7) is sleeved on each rotating shaft (4). A fine-tuning gear (8) is rotatably arranged inside the housing (1) on one side of each driven gear (7). The central shaft of the fine-tuning gear (8) passes through to the outside of the housing (1) and is fixed with a fine-tuning knob (9).

3. A fine-tuning device for worm and worm gear transmission according to claim 2, characterized in that, A circular groove (71) is formed on one side surface of the driven gear (7). A turntable (72) is rotatably arranged inside the groove (71). A plurality of arc-shaped rotating rods (73) are hinged around the turntable (72), and an arc-shaped friction block (74) is fixed in the rotating rods (73). The rotating shaft (4) is fixed to the turntable (72).

4. A fine-tuning device for worm and worm gear transmission according to claim 3, characterized in that, Arc-shaped lines (76) with a unified direction are distributed at the bottom of the groove (71). A sliding needle (75) is fixed at the end of each rotating rod (73).

5. A fine-tuning device for worm and worm gear transmission according to claim 3, characterized in that, Friction lines are provided on the outer wall of the friction block (74) and the inner wall of the groove (71).

6. A fine-tuning device for worm and worm gear transmission according to claim 1, characterized in that, The outer wall of each rotating shaft (4) is rotatably sleeved in a sleeve (41). The sleeve (41) is fixed inside the housing (1). A plurality of wedge blocks (42) are distributed along the circumference of the outer wall of the rotating shaft (4) inside the sleeve (41). The inner side of the wedge block (42) is in contact with the rotating shaft (4), and the outer side is a slope. A sliding ring (44) is slidably and rotationally restricted at one end of the sleeve (41). A collar (45) is fixed inside the sliding ring (44). The inner wall of the collar (45) is a slope and is in contact with each wedge block (42) in the same rotating shaft (4).

7. A fine adjustment device for worm and worm gear transmission according to claim 6, characterized in that, A locking bevel gear (11) is rotatably sleeved on the outer wall of each rotating shaft (4). A rotating ring (46) is fixed on one side surface of the locking bevel gear (11). Internal threads are provided on the inner wall of the rotating ring (46). External threads are provided on the outer wall of the sliding ring (44), and the sliding ring (44) is threadedly connected to the inner wall of the rotating ring (46).

8. A fine adjustment device for worm and worm gear transmission according to claim 6, characterized in that, A spring (43) is connected between the sleeve (41) and each wedge block (42).

9. A fine adjustment device for worm and worm gear transmission according to claim 6, characterized in that, A locking shaft (10) is rotatably arranged at the position between the two rotating shafts (4) inside the housing (1). Active bevel gears (12) are fixed at both ends of the locking shaft (10), and the two active bevel gears (12) are respectively meshed with the two locking bevel gears (11). The center of the locking shaft (10) is connected with a locking rotating rod (14) through a driving bevel gear set (13), and the locking rotating rod (14) passes through to the outside of the housing (1).

Images