Dust removal device of flue catalytic system and working method of dust removal device

Abstract

The invention discloses a dust removal device of a flue catalytic system and a working method thereof.The dust removal device of the flue catalytic system comprises an incinerator and a separator, the incinerator is used for receiving solid waste and conducting incineration treatment, incineration residues are guided out through a bottom residue discharging opening, and the separator communicates with a flue gas outlet of the incinerator; the large-particle centrifugal settling device is used for performing large-particle centrifugal settling separation on high-temperature flue gas generated by incineration; the catalytic device is communicated with the purified flue gas outlet of the separator through a flue, the catalytic device is arranged in the flue, the high-temperature flue gas separated by the separator enters the catalytic device through the flue, and the catalytic device is used for carrying out catalytic reduction treatment on nitrogen oxides in the flue gas; and the high-pressure purging device is communicated with the flue, and the high-pressure purging device blows glass fibers or floccules carried in the high-temperature flue gas away from the inner wall of the flue by directionally jetting high-pressure airflow.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of thermal energy engineering, and particularly to a dust removal device for a flue catalytic system and its working method. Background Art

[0002] At present, the incineration treatment of solid waste is an important means to achieve the reduction, harmlessness and partial resource utilization of solid waste, and is widely used in the environmental protection field. The high-temperature flue gas generated during the incineration process contains a large amount of pollutants, and needs to be discharged after passing through treatment processes such as dust removal and denitrification to meet the standards.

[0003] In actual operation, in conventional incineration, a coal-fired boiler is used to generate electricity by burning substances such as coal. In some other incineration conditions, the coal and solid waste can be mixed and burned in the coal-fired boiler to treat solid waste. When waste clothes or waste paper and other items are incinerated, high-temperature flue gas will be generated and carry a large amount of large particulate impurities, such as ash, unburned particulate matter, etc., as well as fine pollutants, such as nitrogen oxides, glass fibers, flocculants, etc. Although the traditional centrifugal separator can remove some large particulate matters, it is difficult to completely separate the flexible impurities with lower density such as glass fibers and flocculent fibers carried in the flue gas. These substances are easily attached to the inner wall of the flue and the surface of subsequent equipment, resulting in an increase in flue resistance and equipment blockage, and affecting the operation efficiency of the system. In addition, the catalytic reduction treatment of nitrogen oxides requires a relatively high cleanliness of the flue gas. If the particulate matters or fibrous substances remaining in the flue gas are not effectively removed, it will cause surface pollution or blockage of the catalyst, reduce the denitrification efficiency, and increase the catalyst replacement cost.

[0004] Therefore, how to design an efficient dust removal device for a flue catalytic system to achieve the efficient separation of large particulate matters, the stable catalytic reduction of nitrogen oxides, and solve the problem of the attachment of glass fibers and flocculants in the flue has become an urgent technical problem to be solved in the field of solid waste incineration flue gas treatment. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present application is to provide a dust removal device for a flue catalytic system and its working method, to achieve the efficient separation of large particulate matters, the stable catalytic reduction of nitrogen oxides, and solve the problem of the attachment of glass fibers and flocculants in the flue.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted in this application is: to provide a dust removal device for a flue catalytic system suitable for solid waste incineration, including: an incinerator and a separator, the incinerator is used to receive solid waste and incinerate it, and the incineration residue is discharged through the bottom slag discharge port, the separator is connected to the flue gas outlet of the incinerator, and is used to centrifugal sedimentation and separate large particles from the high-temperature flue gas generated by incineration; a catalytic device, the catalytic device is connected to the purified flue gas outlet of the separator through a flue, and the catalytic device is arranged in the flue, and the high-temperature flue gas separated by the separator enters the catalytic device through the flue, and the catalytic device is used to catalytically reduce harmful substances in the flue gas, such as nitrogen oxides; a high-pressure purge device, the high-pressure purge device is connected to the flue, and the high-pressure purge device is arranged on the side of the inlet of the catalytic device, the high-pressure purge device directionally sprays high-pressure airflow into the flue to blow glass fibers or flocs carried in the flue gas away from the flue and the surface of the catalytic device.

[0007] As another preferred embodiment, the high-pressure purge device includes an air inlet end and an air outlet end, the air inlet end of the high-pressure purge device is composed of a plurality of circular openings opened on one side of the short side of the flue, and the air outlet end is composed of a single rectangular opening opened on the other side of the short side of the flue; wherein, the plurality of the circular openings and the single rectangular opening form an asymmetric airflow channel, and the high-pressure airflow input through the circular opening forms a turbulent disturbance in the flue, so as to directionally peel off the attachments on the catalytic device and discharge them through the rectangular opening.

[0008] Further preferably, the high-pressure purge device also includes a guide member, which is connected to the outer wall of the flue and is arranged at the rectangular opening. The cross-section of the guide member gradually narrows along the airflow direction to form a converging channel for directing and accelerating the removal of attachments peeled off in the flue along with the high-pressure airflow.

[0009] Further preferably, the guide member is externally connected to a first passage, and a switchable valve assembly is provided on the first passage, through which the discharge or deposition of attachments is controlled.

[0010] Preferably, the valve assembly includes a first valve and a second valve spaced apart along the path direction of the first passage; wherein, when the first valve is closed and the second valve is closed, the high-temperature flue gas is normally catalytically reduced by the catalytic device; when the first valve is opened and the second valve is closed, the high-pressure purge device operates, and the attachments peeled off in the flue and the attachments on the surface of the catalytic device are introduced into the first passage with the airflow for temporary storage; when the first valve is closed and the second valve is opened, the attachments temporarily stored in the first passage are discharged.

[0011] Preferably, the first passage is externally connected to a second passage, the second passage is arranged between the first valve and the second valve, and a third valve is arranged in the second passage; wherein the third valve is opened to discharge the gas flowing in between the first valve and the second valve to balance the air pressure in the first passage.

[0012] Further preferably, the high-pressure purge device also includes an auxiliary purge component, which is arranged in the flue, and the airflow injection direction of the auxiliary purge component is toward the catalytic device, so as to form a constrained airflow field in the flue that is orthogonal to the flow direction of the high-pressure airflow at the inlet end.

[0013] Furthermore, the auxiliary purge assembly includes: a running track, which is connected to the inner wall of the flue; an air inlet pipe and a first air outlet pipe, wherein the air inlet pipe is connected to one end of the first air outlet pipe, and the other end of the first air outlet pipe is movably connected to the running track, and the air inlet pipe is externally connected to a servo motor, which drives the air inlet pipe to drive the first air outlet pipe to move relative to the running track.

[0014] Preferably, the present application document also provides a working method of a flue catalytic system, which is applicable to a flue dust removal catalytic system applicable to solid waste incineration as described in any one of the above items, and the working method includes: step S1: transporting solid waste to an incinerator, and incinerating it in the incinerator to generate high-temperature flue gas and residue; step S2: introducing the high-temperature flue gas into a separation device for centrifugal sedimentation separation, and the purified high-temperature flue gas carries incombustible attachments and flows to the catalytic device through the flue; step S3: within a first preset time period, the high-temperature flue gas is catalytically reduced by the catalytic device and then discharged through the flue, and the attachments are deposited on the top of the catalytic device; step S4: after the first preset time period, within a second preset time period, start the high-pressure purge device to purge the attachments in the flue, so that the attachments are discharged through the first passage.

[0015] Furthermore, the step S4 also includes: step S41: in a purge cycle, a high-pressure airflow is input through the air inlet end of the high-pressure purge device, and at the same time, the auxiliary purge component is started to blow out a constrained airflow with a different flow direction from the high-pressure airflow; step S42: a first valve provided on the first passage is opened and a second valve is closed, so that the attachments enter the first passage with the airflow for temporary storage; step S43: a third valve on the second passage is opened to discharge the high-pressure gas between the first valve and the second valve to balance the air pressure; step S44: the first valve is closed and the second valve is opened to guide the attachments in the first passage out.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0017] By setting up a high-pressure purging device in the dust removal device of the flue gas catalytic system for solid waste incineration, the problem of blockage of the catalytic device caused by the difficulty in effectively separating light flocculent attachments, such as glass fibers, in the traditional process is avoided. The high-pressure purging device forms a dynamic cleaning force field in the flue by directing the high-pressure air flow. On the one hand, it directly peels off the flocculent substances attached to the inner wall of the flue and the surface of the catalytic converter, preventing their continuous accumulation from forming a dense blocking layer. On the other hand, through the air flow guiding effect, the peeled fiber substances are quickly carried away from the key areas to prevent secondary deposition. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the dust removal device of the flue gas catalytic system;

[0019] Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the position of the catalytic device in the flue;

[0020] Figure 3 is a schematic internal structural diagram of the position of the catalytic device in the flue;

[0021] Figure 4 is a schematic structural diagram of the air outlet end position of the high-pressure purging device;

[0022] Figure 5 is a schematic structural diagram of the auxiliary purging component;

[0023] Figure 6 is a schematic structural diagram of the auxiliary purging component from another perspective;

[0024] Figure 7 is a schematic structural diagram of the auxiliary purging component in the first position;

[0025] Figure 8 is a schematic structural diagram of the auxiliary purging component in the second position;

[0026] Figure 9 is a partial schematic structural diagram of the position of the catalytic device in the flue;

[0027] Figure 10 is a schematic structural diagram of another part of the position of the catalytic device in the flue;

[0028] Figure 11 is a schematic structural diagram of the catalytic device;

[0029] Figure 12 is a schematic structural diagram of the auxiliary purging component in some embodiments from another perspective.

[0030] In the figure: 1. Dust removal device of the flue gas catalytic system; 2. First fan; 3. Second fan; 4. Servo motor; 10. Incinerator; 11. Separator; 20. Catalytic device; 21. First filter screen; 22. Catalytic plate; 30. High-pressure purging device; 31. Intake end; 311. Air nozzle; 32. Outlet end; 33. Circular opening; 34. Rectangular opening; 35. Guide; 36. First passage; 361. Valve assembly; 362. First valve; 363. Second valve; 37. Second passage; 371. Third valve; 40. Flue; 50. Auxiliary purging assembly; 51. Running track; 52. Air inlet pipe; 53. First air outlet pipe. Specific embodiments

[0031] Next, in combination with specific embodiments, the present application will be further described. It should be noted that, on the premise of non-conflict, the following-described embodiments or technical features can be arbitrarily combined to form new embodiments.

[0032] In the description of the present application, it should be noted that for orientation terms, such as terms "center", "horizontal", "vertical", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", etc., the indicated orientation and position relationship are based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the drawings. It is only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and should not be construed as limiting the specific protection scope of the present application.

[0033] It should be noted that the terms "first", "second", etc. in the description and claims of the present application are used to distinguish similar objects and do not necessarily describe a specific order or sequence.

[0034] The terms "including" and "having" in the description and claims of the present application, and any variations thereof, are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion. For example, a process, method, system, product or device that includes a series of steps or units does not necessarily have to be limited to those steps or units clearly listed, but may include other steps or units not clearly listed or inherent to these processes, methods, products or devices.

[0035] In a specific embodiment, refer to Figures 1 to 11, this application document provides a dust removal device 1 for a flue gas catalytic system applicable to solid waste incineration, including: an incinerator 10 and a separator 11. The incinerator 10 is used to receive solid waste and carry out incineration treatment, and the incineration residue is discharged through the bottom slag discharge port. The separator 11 is communicated with the flue gas outlet of the incinerator 10 and is used for centrifugal sedimentation separation of large particles in the high-temperature flue gas generated by incineration; a catalytic device 20, the catalytic device 20 is communicated with the purified flue gas outlet of the separator 11 through a flue 40, and the catalytic device 20 is arranged in the flue 40. The high-temperature flue gas separated by the separator 11 enters the catalytic device 20 through the flue 40, and the catalytic device 20 is used for catalytic reduction treatment of nitrogen oxides in the flue gas; a high-pressure purging device 30, the high-pressure purging device 30 is communicated with the flue 40, and the high-pressure purging device 30 is arranged on one side of the inlet of the catalytic device 20. The high-pressure purging device 30 injects high-pressure air flow into the flue 40 in a directional manner to blow off the glass fibers or flocs carried in the high-temperature flue gas from the surfaces of the flue 40 and the catalytic device 20.

[0036] Among them, the incinerator 10 in this application document is applicable to the incineration of some waste clothes and other items during actual operation. After conventional incineration, non-burnable products will be generated, such as glass fibers or various flocculent attachments. At this time, the high-temperature flue gas in the incinerator 10 will carry the above attachments into the separator 11. Preferably, the separator 11 is a cyclone separator 11. After the high-temperature flue gas enters the cyclone separator 11 and is centrifugally sedimented and separated by the separator 11, the large particles carried in the high-temperature flue gas enter the bottom of the incinerator 10 for deposition. However, due to the relatively small density of the glass fibers or flocculent attachments themselves, they will enter the flue 40 together with the high-temperature flue gas after being separated by the separator 11. Since there is a catalytic device 20 arranged in the flue 40, and preferably, the catalytic device 20 is composed of multiple plate-type catalysts. After the high-temperature flue gas is catalyzed by the catalytic device 20, nitrogen oxides and other components contained in the high-temperature flue gas are removed by oxidation-reduction, so that the flue gas generated after solid waste incineration meets the discharge standard. Therefore, when the high-temperature flue gas carrying flocculent attachments passes through the catalytic device 20, the continuously discharged high-temperature flue gas in the flue 40 will accumulate the flocculent attachments on the top of the plate-type catalyst. And in some preferred catalytic devices 20, a first filter screen 21 is further arranged on the top of the catalyst, and the flocculent attachments in the high-temperature flue gas will be more likely to accumulate on the first filter screen 21, thus affecting the entry of the high-temperature flue gas into the catalytic device 20.

[0037] Therefore, in this application document, by setting up a high-pressure purge device 30 in the dust removal device 1 of the solid waste incineration flue catalytic system, the problem of clogging of the catalytic device 20 caused by the difficulty in effectively separating lightweight flocculent attachments, such as glass fibers, in traditional processes is avoided. When incinerating solid waste containing fiber materials such as discarded clothing, although the conventional cyclone separator 11 can remove large particles by centrifugal sedimentation, glass fibers or floccules are easily introduced into the flue 40 with the airflow due to their low density and loose shape, and accumulate on the surface of the catalytic device 20 in the flue 40, especially the plate-type catalyst and the first filter 21 at its top. The high-pressure purge device 30 forms a dynamic cleaning force field in the flue 40 by directional injection of high-pressure airflow. On the one hand, it directly peels off the floccules attached to the inner wall of the flue 40 and the surface of the catalyst, preventing them from continuously accumulating to form a dense blocking layer; on the other hand, it quickly removes the peeled fiber materials away from the key area through the airflow guidance effect to prevent secondary deposition.

[0038] As a preferred option, see Figures 2 to 3 The high-pressure purge device 30 includes an air inlet end 31 and an air outlet end 32. The cross-section of the flue 40 is a rectangular cavity, including long sides and short sides parallel to each other. The air inlet end 31 of the high-pressure purge device 30 is arranged on one side of the short side, and the air outlet end 32 is located on the other side of the opposite short side, and the axis of the air inlet end 31 and the air outlet end 32 extends along the long side direction; wherein, the high-pressure purge device 30 forms an air flow field that penetrates the flue 40 horizontally through the air inlet end 31 and the air outlet end 32 on both sides of the short side, covering the entire section of the flue 40 in the long side direction.

[0039] Specifically, the flue 40 is a rectangular parallelepiped through-tube with a rectangular cross-section size of 3m*6m. The short side corresponds to the side with a length dimension of 3m, and the long side corresponds to the side with a length dimension of 6m. The air inlet end 31 of the high-pressure purge device 30 is arranged on one side of the short side, and the air outlet end 32 is located on the other opposite short side, and the axis of the air inlet end 31 and the air outlet end 32 extends along the long side direction; wherein, the high-pressure purge device 30 forms an airflow field that penetrates the flue 40 horizontally through the air inlet end 31 and the air outlet end 32 on both sides of the short side, covering the entire section of the flue 40 in the long side direction.

[0040] Along the extension direction of one long side, a plurality of plate-type catalysts are continuously arranged in the flue 40. For the specific structure of the plate-type catalysts, see Figure 11 A single plate-type catalyst is removably mounted within the flue 40, facilitating the removal and replacement of the catalyst unit 20. This modular design allows for rapid replacement of catalytic units. If a localized catalyst unit becomes clogged due to prolonged operation of the high-pressure purge device 30, the individual plate-type catalyst can be removed for cleaning or replacement. This structural system balances cleaning efficiency with ease of operation and maintenance, ensuring the continued efficient operation of the catalyst unit 20 even under complex operating conditions.

[0041] Therefore, through the collaborative structural design of the high-pressure purging device 30 and the flue 40, and through the coupled layout of the rectangular-section flue 40 and the air flow penetrating bidirectionally along the short side, the efficient directional removal of light flocculent attachments is achieved, while adapting to the spatial distribution and maintenance requirements of the catalytic device 20. The flue 40 adopts a rectangular-section design of 3m * 6m, with the long side direction as the main path for flue gas flow and catalytic reaction, and the short side direction as the penetration axis of the high-pressure air flow. Furthermore, the laterally penetrating air flow field input and output along the 3m short side direction can cover the entire catalytic converter area in the 6m long side direction, ensuring that the high-pressure air flow acts uniformly on the surface of each plate-type catalytic converter when flowing through the depth of the flue 40, and avoiding the cleaning blind spots caused by tortuous air flow paths or uneven flow velocity distributions in traditional circular or irregular flues 40. Especially when multiple plate-type catalytic converters are arranged continuously along the long side, the air flow design with bidirectional penetration along the short side enables the kinetic energy of the high-pressure air flow to remain stable during the extension of the long side, which can not only strip the attached substances at the front section of the catalytic converter, but also continuously inhibit the deposition of new attached substances at the rear section, forming a dynamic cleaning barrier.

[0042] As another preference, refer to Figure 3 and Figure 9 , the air inlet end 31 of the high-pressure purging device 30 is composed of a plurality of circular openings 33 opened on one short side of the flue 40, and the air outlet end 32 is composed of a single rectangular opening 34 opened on the other short side of the flue 40; among them, the plurality of circular openings 33 and the single rectangular opening 34 form an asymmetric air flow channel, and the high-pressure air flow input through the circular openings 33 forms a turbulent disturbance in the flue 40 to directionally strip the attached substances on the catalytic device 20 and discharge them through the rectangular opening 34. Refer to Figure 7 , the first fan 2 is externally connected to a nozzle 311 through a pipeline to introduce high-pressure air flow into the flue 40 through the circular openings 33, and the high-pressure air flow is directionally input through the nozzle 311.

[0043] Specifically, the high-pressure purging device 30 adopts an asymmetric structural design with multiple circular openings 33 at the air inlet end 3l and a single rectangular opening 34 at the air outlet end 32, achieving efficient removal of the attachments on the surface of the catalytic device 20 in the flue 40 and improving the system operation stability. In the scenario of incinerating solid waste, multiple circular openings 33 on the short side of the flue 40 form a high-pressure jet array through an external fan and air nozzles 311. The directional air flow of each circular opening 33 generates local turbulent disturbances in the flue 40, and this disturbance directly impacts the attachments on the surface of the catalytic device 20, especially the plate-type catalytic converter and its top filter screen. At the same time, the rectangular opening 34 on the other short side serves as a centralized discharge channel, providing a low-resistance directional export path for the stripped light flocculent substances. This design of the asymmetric air flow channel combines the advantages of "dispersed input" and "centralized output". The dispersed layout of the circular openings 33 ensures that the high-pressure air flow can evenly cover the depth area of the flue 40, avoiding the cleaning blind spots caused by the traditional single air inlet; while the wide-area discharge of the rectangular opening 34 effectively suppresses the air flow diffusion loss, preventing the stripped substances from redepositing due to the decrease in flow velocity. In addition, the introduction of turbulence enhances the momentum exchange between the air flow and the attachments, making it easier for loose substances such as glass fibers that are difficult to remove through conventional laminar flow to detach from the surface of the catalytic converter. Moreover, the low-pressure area of the rectangular opening 34 further forms a suction effect, accelerating the discharge of the stripped substances.

[0044] Further preferably, referring to Figure 3 , the high-pressure purging device 30 further includes a guide member 35. The guide member 35 is connected to the outer wall of the flue 40 and is disposed at the rectangular opening 34. The cross-section of the guide member 35 gradually narrows along the air flow direction to form a converging channel for directing and accelerating the attachments stripped in the flue 40 out along with the high-pressure air flow.

[0045] Among them, the guide member 35 is specifically a tapered flow deflector extending from the edge of the rectangular opening 34 to the outside of the flue 40. When the high-pressure air flow carrying light flocculent attachments such as glass fibers is discharged from the rectangular opening 34 of the asymmetric channel, the narrowing cross-section of the tapered flow deflector forms a Venturi effect outside the flue 40. As the air flow flows along the tapered path, its velocity gradually increases and the kinetic energy intensifies, forcing the flocculent substances that might otherwise diffuse due to the sudden change in cross-section to be constrained within the gradually narrowing flow channel, thereby avoiding the formation of vortex regions caused by the separation of the air flow boundary layer, significantly increasing the discharge velocity of the attachments, reducing the mixing disturbance between the air flow and the external air, and preventing the stripped substances from redepositing or resuspending near the discharge port due to the decrease in flow velocity. At the same time, the tapered geometric shape of the flow deflector adjusts the air flow direction from the wide-area dispersed state of the rectangular opening 34 to a directional converging state, enabling the glass fibers that might otherwise scatter in all directions to be precisely directed to a preset collection device or treatment channel, not only avoiding environmental risks caused by pollutant escape but also reducing the frequency of manual cleaning.

[0046] Further preferably, referring toFigure 4 The guiding member 35 is externally connected to the first passage 36, and a switchable valve assembly 361 is provided on the first passage 36 to control the discharge or deposition of the attached matter.

[0047] Preferably, the valve assembly 361 includes a first valve 362 and a second valve 363 that are spaced apart along the path direction of the first passage 36; wherein, when the first valve 362 is closed and the second valve 363 is closed, the high-temperature flue gas is normally catalytically reduced by the catalytic device 20; when the first valve 362 is opened and the second valve 363 is closed, the high-pressure purging device 30 operates, and the attached matter peeled off in the flue 40 and the attached matter on the surface of the catalytic device 20 are introduced into the first passage 36 with the airflow for temporary storage; when the first valve 362 is closed and the second valve 363 is opened, the attached matter temporarily stored in the first passage 36 is discharged.

[0048] Among them, the first passage 36 is composed of a pipeline structure, and the pipeline structure is preferably a pipeline with a diameter of 20 cm. The first passage 36 is connected to the guiding member 35. After the first passage 36 is led out from the position of the guiding member 35, it extends vertically downward along the gravity direction, so that the flocculent attached matter discharged into the first passage 36 does not require additional driving force to drive the movement. When the high-pressure gas blown by the high-pressure purging device 30 carries the flocculent attached matter and is led out from the position of the guiding member 35, it can be directly discharged to the collection area by gravity along the vertical extension direction of the first passage 36.

[0049] At the same time, specifically referring to Figure 4 , the first valve 362 and the second valve 363 in the first passage 36 are spaced apart along the extension direction of the pipeline. The vertical pipeline with a diameter of 20 cm has the self-draining characteristic by gravity, so that the flocculent substances with lower density can settle naturally without additional power, avoiding the mechanical wear and energy consumption burden brought by traditional screw conveying or pneumatic conveying. When switching to the state where the first valve 362 is closed and the second valve 363 is opened during the cleaning stage, the attached matter temporarily stored in the pipeline directly slides down to the collection area under the action of gravity. This segmented operation mode of temporary storage and discharge not only prevents the external air from flowing back and disturbing the negative pressure environment of the flue 40 during the purging process, but also avoids the secondary pollution caused by the leakage of flue gas during the cleaning operation.

[0050] And the first valve 362 and the second valve 363 are specifically a kind of gas valve. Preferably, they are a kind of pneumatically controlled solenoid valve.

[0051] Preferably, a second passage 37 is externally connected to the first passage 36. The second passage 37 is arranged between the first valve 362 and the second valve 363, and a third valve 371 is arranged in the second passage 37; wherein, the third valve 371 is opened to discharge the gas flowing into between the first valve 362 and the second valve 363 to balance the air pressure in the first passage 36.

[0052] Similarly, the structure of the third valve 371 is consistent with that of the first valve 362 and the second valve 363 , and both are gas valves. The third valve 371 is used in conjunction with the first valve 362 and the second valve 363 to control gas flow. Specifically, the high-pressure gas and flocculent deposits in the guide member 35 are controlled by the first valve 362, the second valve 363, and the third valve 371. After the high-pressure purge device 30 completes a purge cycle, the high-pressure gas carries the flocculent deposits blown off the first filter 21 through the guide member 35 and enters the first passage 36. At this time, the first valve 362 is adjusted from a closed state to an open state, while the second valve 363 and the third valve 371 remain closed. When the flocculent deposits and gas enter between the first valve 362 and the second valve 363, the first valve 362 is closed and the third valve 371 is opened to relieve pressure, balancing the pressure between the first valve 362 and the second valve 363. After the pressure is balanced, the third valve 371 is closed and the second valve 363 is opened. The flocculent deposits are then discharged vertically downward by gravity to the collection area for collection.

[0053] For further optimization, see Figures 5 to 8 The high-pressure purge device 30 also includes an auxiliary purge component 50, which is arranged in the flue 40. The airflow injection direction of the auxiliary purge component 50 is toward the catalytic device 20, so as to form a constrained airflow field in the flue 40 that is orthogonal to the flow direction of the high-pressure airflow at the air inlet end 31. The constrained airflow field suppresses the turbulent diffusion of the high-pressure airflow in the flue 40, directionally guides the glass fibers or flocculent attachments to move along a preset path toward the air outlet end 32, and prevents the flocculent attachments from rolling back to the inlet area of the catalytic device 20.

[0054] Furthermore, the auxiliary purge assembly 50 includes: a running track 51, which is connected to the inner wall of the flue 40; an air inlet pipe 52 and a first air outlet pipe 53, wherein the air inlet pipe 52 is connected to one end of the first air outlet pipe 53, and the other end of the first air outlet pipe 53 is movably connected to the running track 51. The air inlet pipe 52 is externally connected to a servo motor 4, which drives the air inlet pipe 52 to move the first air outlet pipe 53 relative to the running track 51. At the same time, the first air outlet pipe 53 is connected to the second fan 3 through an external long-distance hose, and the air flow is introduced into the first air outlet pipe 53 through the second fan 3.

[0055] Among them, see Figure 5The end of the first air outlet duct 53 is provided with multiple air outlets, spaced apart along the extension direction of the first air outlet duct 53 to form a top outlet structure relative to the high-pressure purge device 30. The high-speed downward airflow forms an air curtain wall across the cross-section of the flue 40, directly suppressing the turbulent lift tendency of the glass fibers in the main airflow blown into the flue 40 by the air nozzle 311, thereby reducing the longitudinal diffusion of the high-pressure airflow blown by the high-pressure purge device 30. One end of the first air outlet duct 53 is connected to the servo motor 4 via the air inlet duct 52, and the other end is slidably connected to the running track 51 on the inner wall of the flue 40. The servo motor 4 drives the air inlet duct 52, which drives the first air outlet duct 53 to move along the track, achieving dynamic adjustment of the air outlet position.

[0056] Furthermore, in another practical working condition, another embodiment of the auxiliary purge assembly 50 is provided, see Figure 12 , a structure is also provided in which an auxiliary purge component 50 is arranged horizontally in the flue 40. In this embodiment, the first air outlet pipe 53 extends along the long side of the flue 40, and the first air outlet pipe 53 moves along the short side of the flue 40. At this time, the moving direction of the first air outlet pipe 53 is perpendicular to the air outlet direction of the high-pressure purge device 30. In this embodiment, the first air outlet pipe 53 obtains a larger purge area and a shorter moving distance, thereby being able to more quickly suppress the turbulent diffusion of the high-pressure airflow blown out by the high-pressure purge device 30 in the flue 40 per unit time.

[0057] Preferably, the present application document also provides a working method of a flue catalytic system, which is applicable to a dust removal device 1 of a flue catalytic system suitable for solid waste incineration, such as any one of the above-mentioned ones, and the working method includes: step S1: transporting solid waste to the incinerator 10, and incinerating it in the incinerator 10 to generate high-temperature flue gas and residue; step S2: introducing the high-temperature flue gas into a separation device for centrifugal sedimentation separation, and the purified high-temperature flue gas carries incombustible attachments and flows to the catalytic device 20 through the flue 40; step S3: within a first preset time period, the high-temperature flue gas is catalytically reduced by the catalytic device 20 and then discharged through the flue 40, and the attachments are deposited on the top of the catalytic device 20; step S4: after the first preset time period, within a second preset time period, start the high-pressure purge device 30 to purge the attachments in the flue 40, so that the attachments are discharged through the first passage 36.

[0058] Among them, the first preset time period corresponds to the time required for normal incineration of solid waste. Therefore, the first preset time period is determined according to the amount of solid waste incineration. The second preset time period corresponds to a unit cycle in the purge process of the high-pressure purge device 30. Preferably, the high-pressure purge device 30 is intermittent purge to cooperate with the first passage 36 and the second passage 37 to achieve small-scale and multiple dust removal.

[0059] The auxiliary purging assembly 50 can adjust the telescopic rate through the servo motor 4, so that the first air outlet pipe 53 has different durations of air outlet at different positions, in order to adapt to the air blown by the high-pressure purging device 30. Specifically, for example Figure 7 As shown in the position, the first air outlet pipe 53 moves faster on the side close to the air inlet end 31, and the moving speed slows down when gradually transitioning to the middle section area. When further approaching the air outlet end 32, that is Figure 8 As shown in the position, the moving speed of the first air outlet pipe 53 gradually becomes faster. That is, preferably, the adjustment of the moving rate of the auxiliary purging assembly 50 is based on the non-uniform characteristics of the air flow distribution in the flue 40. Through the programming control of the servo motor 4, the moving speed of the first air outlet pipe 53 forms a matching relationship with the dynamic pressure field of the high-pressure main air flow. When the main air flow introduced by the air nozzle 311 at the air inlet end 31 just enters the flue 40, the flow rate is high and the turbulence intensity is large, and vortices are easily formed and accumulated by the attachments here. The first air outlet pipe 53 adopts a fast moving mode in this area. For example, the moving speed of the first air outlet pipe is selected to be 0.8–1.2 m / s, and the high-turbulence area is covered by purging in a short time, reducing the secondary entrainment of the air flow on the attachments. In the middle transition area, that is, in the stable flow area, the flow rate of the main air flow tends to be stable. At this time, the moving speed of the first air outlet pipe 53 is adjusted to a medium rate, such as 0.5–0.8 m / s, and the local residence time is extended to enhance the peeling effect on the relatively thick sediment layer. When reaching the air outlet end 32 area, that is, the low-pressure acceleration area position, at this time, close to the outlet of the catalytic device 20, the main air flow accelerates due to the chimney effect, and the attachments are easily re-entrained by the high-speed air flow. The first air outlet pipe 53 further increases the moving speed here. For example, the moving speed is increased to 1.5–2.0 m / s, and a continuous air curtain barrier is formed by high-speed scanning to block the re-entrainment path.

[0060] Preferably, the angle between the first air outlet pipe 53 and the air inlet pipe 52 can be adjusted, and the first air outlet pipe 53 and the air inlet pipe 52 are preferably connected by a high-temperature resistant universal ball joint. The joint is composed of a ball socket structure cast from nickel-based alloy and a self-lubricating ceramic bearing, and can be freely adjusted within a certain range.

[0061] The air inlet end 31 is inclined at 30°–40° relative to the vertical direction for jetting, so that the auxiliary air flow and the main air flow form an oblique pressure shear layer, converting the horizontal kinetic energy into vertical momentum, improving the sedimentation efficiency of large particles, and reducing the adhesion force of the particles. The air outlet end 32 switches to a vertical jetting mode of 0° to reduce the re-entrainment rate of submicron particles.

[0062] Therefore, preferably, in combination with the coordinated movement speed and angle adjustment of the first air outlet pipe 53, when the air outlet pipe approaches the air inlet end 31, that is, for example, in the 30% area in front of the flue 40, the main air flow velocity is high and the turbulence intensity is large. At this time, the first air outlet pipe 53 moves at a high speed. Preferably, the movement speed of the first air outlet pipe is selected to be 0.8 - 1.2 m / s. At the same time, the pitch angle is adjusted to be inclined downward at 30° - 40° relative to the vertical direction, so that the auxiliary air flow obliquely cuts into the main air flow, forming a strong shear effect to quickly suppress the large particle attachments in the initial section; when the air outlet pipe moves to the middle section of the flue 40, that is, in the 30% - 70% area position, the main air flow tends to be stable. At this time, the speed of the first air outlet pipe 53 is reduced, and the movement speed of the first air outlet pipe is selected to be 0.6 - 0.8 m / s. And in cooperation with the pitch angle of the first air outlet pipe 53 being called back to 5° - 10° relative to the vertical direction, through extending the local residence time and multi-directional small-amplitude swinging, the viscous flocs deposited at the front end of the catalytic device 20 are refined and peeled off; when approaching the air outlet end 32, that is, in the 30% area position in the long side direction, the main air flow accelerates due to the chimney effect, which is likely to cause particulate matter to roll back. At this time, the speed of the first air outlet pipe 53 is increased, and the movement speed of the first air outlet pipe is selected to be 1.2 - 1.5 m / s. And in cooperation with the pitch angle being switched to 0° and vertically downward, an air curtain barrier is formed in front of the inlet of the catalytic device 20 with the vertical air flow to dynamically intercept the escaped particulate matter and push it into the ash hopper.

[0063] Further, step S4 further includes: step S41: In a purging cycle, input high-pressure air flow through the air inlet end 31 of the high-pressure purging device 30, and at the same time start the auxiliary purging assembly 50 to blow out a restraining air flow with a direction different from that of the high-pressure air flow; step S42: Open the first valve 362 provided on the first passage 36 and close the second valve 363 provided, so that the attachments enter the first passage 36 with the air flow and are temporarily stored; step S43: Open the third valve 371 on the second passage 37 to discharge the high-pressure gas between the first valve 362 and the second valve 363 to balance the air pressure; step S44: Close the first valve 362 and open the second valve 363 to export the attachments in the first passage 36.

[0064] The above describes the basic principle, main features and advantages of the present application. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present application is not limited by the above embodiments. What is described in the above embodiments and the specification is only the principle of the present application. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application, the present application will have various changes and improvements, and these changes and improvements all fall within the scope of the present application claimed. The scope of protection claimed by the present application is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A dust removal device for a flue catalytic system, characterized in that, The dust removal device of the flue catalytic system is suitable for solid waste incineration equipment, and the dust removal device of the flue catalytic system includes: A flue, wherein the flue is used for the passage of flue gas after solid waste incineration; A catalytic device, the catalytic device being arranged in the flue and being used for catalytically reducing harmful substances in the flue gas; A high-pressure purge device is connected to the flue and is arranged on one side of the inlet of the catalytic device. The high-pressure purge device sprays high-pressure airflow into the flue in a direction to blow glass fibers or flocs carried in the flue gas away from the surface of the catalytic device.

2. The dust removal device of the flue catalytic system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The high-pressure purge device includes an air inlet end and an air outlet end. The air inlet end of the high-pressure purge device is composed of a plurality of circular openings opened on one side of the short side of the flue, and the air outlet end is composed of a single rectangular opening opened on the other side of the short side of the flue. Among them, multiple circular openings and a single rectangular opening form an asymmetric airflow channel, and high-pressure airflow is input through the circular opening to form turbulent disturbance in the flue, so as to directionally peel off the attachments on the catalytic device and discharge them through the rectangular opening.

3. The dust removal device of the flue catalytic system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The high-pressure purge device also includes a guide member, which is connected to the outer wall of the flue and is arranged at the rectangular opening. The cross-section of the guide member gradually narrows along the airflow direction to form a converging channel for directing and accelerating the removal of attachments peeled off in the flue along with the high-pressure airflow.

4. The dust removal device of the flue catalytic system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The guide is externally connected to a first passage, and a switchable valve assembly is provided on the first passage, through which the discharge or deposition of attachments is controlled.

5. The dust removal device of the flue catalytic system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The valve assembly includes a first valve and a second valve spaced apart along the first passage path; Among them, when the first valve is closed and the second valve is closed, the high-temperature flue gas is normally catalytically reduced by the catalytic device; when the first valve is opened and the second valve is closed, the high-pressure purge device is operated, and the attachments peeled off in the flue and the attachments on the surface of the catalytic device are introduced into the first passage with the airflow for temporary storage; when the first valve is closed and the second valve is opened, the attachments temporarily stored in the first passage are discharged.

6. The dust removal device of the flue catalytic system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The first passage is externally connected to a second passage, the second passage is arranged between the first valve and the second valve, and a third valve is arranged in the second passage; The third valve is opened to discharge the gas flowing between the first valve and the second valve to balance the gas pressure in the first passage.

7. The dust removal device of the flue catalytic system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The high-pressure purging device further includes an auxiliary purging assembly, which is arranged in the flue. The air flow jet direction of the auxiliary purging assembly faces the catalytic device, so as to form a constrained air flow field orthogonal to the air flow direction of the high-pressure air flow at the intake end in the flue.

8. The dust removal device of the flue catalytic system according to claim 7, characterized in that, The auxiliary purging assembly includes: An operating track, which is connected to the inner wall of the flue; An air inlet pipe and a first air outlet pipe. One end of the air inlet pipe is connected to one end of the first air outlet pipe, and the other end of the first air outlet pipe is movably connected to the operating track. The air inlet pipe is externally connected to a servo motor, and the servo motor is used to drive the air inlet pipe to drive the first air outlet pipe to move relative to the operating track.

9. A working method of a flue catalytic system, characterized in that, The working method is applicable to the flue dust removal catalytic system for solid waste incineration as described in any one of claims 1-8. The working method includes: Step S1: Convey solid waste to an incinerator, and burn it in the incinerator to generate high-temperature flue gas and residues; Step S2: Introduce the high-temperature flue gas into a separation device for centrifugal sedimentation separation. The purified high-temperature flue gas carrying non-combustible attachments flows through the flue to the catalytic device; Step S3: Within a first preset time period, after the high-temperature flue gas is catalytically reduced by the catalytic device, it is discharged through the flue, and the attachments are deposited on the top of the catalytic device; Step S4: After the first preset time period and within a second preset time period, start the high-pressure purging device to purge the attachments in the flue, so that the attachments are discharged through the first passage.

10. The working method of the flue catalytic system as described in claim 9, wherein Step S4 further includes: Step S41: In a purging cycle, input high-pressure air flow through the intake end of the high-pressure purging device, and at the same time start the auxiliary purging assembly to blow out a constrained air flow with a different flow direction from the high-pressure air flow; Step S42: Open the first valve provided on the first passage and close the second valve provided, so that the attachments enter the first passage with the air flow and are temporarily stored; Step S43: Open the third valve on the second passage to discharge the high-pressure gas between the first valve and the second valve to balance the air pressure; Step S44: Close the first valve and open the second valve to export the attachments in the first passage.

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