Intelligent heat supply regulation and control method based on self-adaptive control

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of intelligent heat supply regulation and control, in particular to an intelligent heat supply regulation and control method based on self-adaptive control, which comprises the following steps of: establishing a heat balance equation for a heat utilization unit, and discretizing the heat balance equation, so that a proper water supply temperature set value of a heat supply pipe network can be determined; a reference value with high precision is provided for self-adaptive heat supply regulation and control, then the temperature difference before and after the hot water flows through the heat exchange equipment is controlled, then the flow is adjusted to control the temperature difference, self-adaptive heat supply regulation is achieved, the flexibility is high, and the heat supply regulation and control requirements under multiple scenes are met.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the technical field of intelligent heating control, and in particular, to an intelligent heating control method based on adaptive control. Background Art

[0002] The statements in this part merely provide background technical information related to this application and do not necessarily constitute prior art.

[0003] Heating control is an important part of energy management. With the increasing energy demand and the growing severity of environmental problems, intelligent and adaptive heating control technologies have gradually become a research hotspot. Traditional heating control methods mainly rely on fixed control strategies and simple temperature adjustment mechanisms, and it is difficult to cope with complex environmental changes and load fluctuations.

[0004] Currently, intelligent heating systems usually use Internet of Things technology to achieve remote monitoring and management of equipment, and collect and transmit environmental data such as temperature, humidity, load, etc. in real time through sensors and communication networks. Algorithms based on machine learning and deep learning are widely used in the predictive and optimal control of heating systems, and can adjust control strategies according to historical data and real-time environmental changes. However, the existing adaptive control methods still have deficiencies in the following aspects: First, the real-time performance of the adaptive control algorithm is insufficient, and it is difficult to quickly respond to load changes and environmental fluctuations in a short time; second, the flexibility of the existing methods in dealing with complex load demands is insufficient, and it is difficult to meet the heating control requirements in multiple scenarios.

[0005] In view of this, it is necessary to provide an intelligent heating control method based on adaptive control to solve the above technical problems. Summary of the Invention

[0006] Based on this, in view of the above technical problems, this application provides an intelligent heating control method based on adaptive control.

[0007] The technical solution adopted by this application to solve the problems existing in the prior art is: This application proposes an intelligent heating control method based on adaptive control, including the following steps: S0: Divide the heating area into multiple heating units, and establish a heat balance equation for each heating unit: Where: is the indoor heat capacity of the heating unit; is the th indoor temperature of the heating unit; is the heat input from the heating system to the th heating unit; is the The heat dissipated from a heat - using unit to the outside through the building envelope; For the heat dissipated by the indoor heat source of the th heat - using unit; S1: Discretize the heat - balance equation to obtain: Where: is a sampling period; represents the th sampling time; S2: Obtain the formula for the total heat transferred per unit time by the heat - exchange equipment of the th heat - using unit: Where: is the specific heat capacity at constant pressure of water; is the mass flow rate of hot water in the heat - exchange equipment; is the temperature difference of hot water before and after flowing through the heat - exchange equipment; is the set value of the supply - water temperature of the heat - supply network, is the threshold of the set value, is the return - water temperature of the heat - supply network; S3: Use the controller to adaptively adjust the heat - supply system.

[0008] Preferably, Where: is the air density; is the th indoor space volume of the heat - using unit; is the specific heat capacity at constant pressure of air; Where: ; represents the heat - transfer coefficient of the th part of the building envelope of the th heat - using unit, represents the area of this part; is the th outdoor temperature of the heat - using unit.

[0009] Preferably, Step S2 further includes: Obtain the outdoor - temperature compensation curve based on historical data, and the steps are as follows: Step 1: Assume a linear relationship exists between the supply and return water temperatures and the outdoor temperature. Then, for the th heat-using unit, the outdoor temperature compensation curve based on historical data is: Where: is the outdoor temperature of the th heat-using unit, and are all fitting coefficients; Step 2: Solve for the fitting coefficients ; Suppose there are groups of historical data , and , where and ; , and are respectively the supply water temperature of the th heat-using unit, the return water temperature of the th group of the heat supply network, and the outdoor temperature of the th group of the heat supply network; th group; Then: For the sum of squared errors of the supply water temperature curve: Respectively take the partial derivatives with respect to and and set them equal to 0: Furthermore, obtain the fitting coefficients For the sum of squared errors of the return water temperature curve: Respectively take the partial derivatives with respect to and and set them equal to 0: Furthermore, obtain the fitting coefficients Step 3: For the th heat-using unit, based on the current outdoor temperature and the outdoor temperature compensation curve based on historical data, calculate the ideal supply water temperature setting value of the heat supply network.and the ideal return water temperature setting value of the heat supply network ; Step 4: Determine and values: ; Compare the value of with the value of . If ≠ , readjust the value of to minimize the difference between and ; where .

[0010] Preferably, in step S3, the output calculation formula of the controller is: where: is the proportionality coefficient; is the integral coefficient; is the differential coefficient; .

[0011] Preferably, each heat-using unit is equipped with a heat exchange device.

[0012] Preferably, S1 includes the following steps: Multiply both sides of the heat balance equation by : According to the definition of the derivative in calculus: Substitute it into the above formula to get: .

[0013] Preferably, before step S0, there is also step S: Establish a thermodynamic station system model for the th heat-using unit: where: is the heat transferred from the primary side to the secondary side by the thermodynamic station of the th heat-using unit; is the heat exchange efficiency of the thermodynamic station; is the user heat load; is the change rate of the supply water temperature of the secondary heat supply network; If < , then go to step S0; If ≥ , then conduct heating regulation. When < , then go to step S0; Wherein: is the threshold value of the change rate of the water supply temperature.

[0014] Preferably, the .

[0015] Preferably, the heating regulation includes the following steps: S00: Determine whether there is a large number of users opening or closing valves simultaneously, resulting in a large change in the secondary-side heat load. If so, group and classify the regulation of the user valves through the intelligent controller installed on the user-side heating valves; If not, then go to the second step; S01: Determine whether the change in the water supply temperature or flow rate of the primary-side heating pipe network is too large; if so, adjust the water supply flow rate through the regulating valve at the inlet of the primary-side heating pipe network; If not, then go to the third step: S02: Determine whether there is a failure in the heat exchange equipment of the heat station. If so, issue a warning for the maintenance of the heat exchange equipment.

[0016] Preferably, the steps of grouping and classifying the regulation of the user valves through the intelligent controller installed on the user-side heating valves in the S00 step include the following steps: The first step: Calculate the heat load change rate: Wherein: is the number of users opening the valves at time is the designed load of a single user; if , is the threshold value of the heat load change rate, then: Group the users into two groups, A and B, according to the actual heat load used. Each user in group A uses a heat load greater than , is the set threshold value; The second step: Fine-tune the user valves in group A through the intelligent controller, and gradually close the valve opening until the heat load of the user with the smallest heat load in group A is equal to ; The third step: Judge the relationship between and . If [[ID=7-five]] , then proceed to step S01.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present application are as follows: 1. After establishing the heat balance equation for the heating unit, discretize the heat balance equation, and then determine the appropriate supply water temperature setting value of the heating pipe network through the formula for calculating the total heat transferred by the heat exchange equipment and the appropriate setting value threshold ; provide a highly accurate reference value for adaptive heating control.

[0018] 2. By obtaining the outdoor temperature compensation curve based on historical data, obtain the numerical values of the same period ; by comparing the two, a more accurate appropriate setting value threshold can be selected .

[0019] 3. After determining the appropriate supply water temperature setting value of the heating pipe network and the appropriate setting value threshold , using a PID controller, only the temperature difference before and after the hot water flows through the heat exchange equipment needs to be controlled, which essentially corresponds to the frequency control signal of the heating circulation pump, and then the flow rate is adjusted to control the temperature difference to achieve adaptive heating adjustment, with strong flexibility and meeting the heating control requirements in multiple scenarios. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] The accompanying drawings forming a part of this application are used to provide a further understanding of this application. The schematic embodiments and descriptions thereof of this application are used to explain this application and do not constitute an improper limitation of this application.

[0021] Figure 1 is a flowchart of a method for intelligent heating control based on adaptive control of this application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0022] The present application will be further described below in conjunction with the drawings and embodiments.

[0023] It should be noted that the terms used herein are only for describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the exemplary embodiments according to the present disclosure. As used herein, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the singular form is also intended to include the plural form. In addition, it should be understood that when the terms "comprising" and / or "including" are used in this specification, they indicate the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components, and / or combinations thereof.

[0024] In the present disclosure, terms such as "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "front", "rear", "vertical", "horizontal", "side", "bottom", etc. indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings. They are only relational terms determined for the convenience of describing the structural relationship of each component or element of the present disclosure, and do not specifically refer to any component or element in the present disclosure, and should not be construed as a limitation to the present disclosure.

[0025] Reference Figure 1 , Figure 1 , is a flowchart of an intelligent heating regulation method based on adaptive control according to the present application. The present application provides an intelligent heating regulation method based on adaptive control, including the following steps: S0: Divide the heat-using area into multiple heat-using units, and establish a heat balance equation for each heat-using unit: Where: is the indoor heat capacity of the heat-using unit; is the indoor temperature of the th heat-using unit; is the heat input from the heating system to the th heat-using unit; is the heat dissipated from the th heat-using unit to the outside through the enclosure structure; is the heat dissipated from the indoor heat source of the S1: Discretize the heat balance equation to obtain: Where: is a sampling period; represents the th sampling moment; from this equation, the indoor temperature of each heat-using unit at the next moment can be predicted ; S2: Obtain the formula for the total heat transferred per unit time by the heat exchange equipment of each heat-using unit. The formula for the total heat transferred per unit time by the heat exchange equipment of the th heat-using unit: Where: is the specific heat capacity at constant pressure of water; is the mass flow rate of hot water in the heat exchange equipment; is the temperature difference of the hot water before and after flowing through the heat exchange equipment; is the set value of the supply water temperature of the heating pipe network, is the set value threshold, is the return water temperature of the heating network; from this equation, it can be concluded that by adjusting The total amount of heat transferred per unit time by the heat exchange equipment can be adjusted; S3: Exploitation Controller to adaptively adjust the heating system.

[0026] The calculation formula for the indoor heat capacity of the heat unit is: in: is the air density; For the The indoor space volume of each heat unit; is the specific heat capacity of air at constant pressure; in: ; Indicates the The enclosure structure of the heat unit The heat transfer coefficient of the part, Indicates the area of the part; For the The outdoor temperature of each heating unit.

[0027] In some embodiments, step S2 further includes: To obtain an outdoor temperature compensation curve based on historical data, follow these steps: Step 1: Assuming that there is a linear relationship between the supply and return water temperature and the outdoor temperature, then for the For each heat unit, the outdoor temperature compensation curve based on historical data is: in: For the The outdoor temperature of each heating unit, All are fitting coefficients; Step 2: Solve the fitting coefficients ; Shared Group historical data 、 and ,in and ; 、 and Respectively The first heat unit Group heating network water supply temperature, Group return water temperature of the heat supply pipe network, the group outdoor temperature; Then: For the water supply temperature curve: Respectively for and Take the partial derivatives and set them equal to 0: Furthermore, the fitting coefficients are obtained. For the return water temperature curve: Respectively for and Take the partial derivatives and set them equal to 0: Furthermore, the fitting coefficients Step 3: For the th heat - using unit, according to the current outdoor temperature and the outdoor temperature compensation curve based on historical data, calculate the ideal water supply temperature setting value of the heat supply pipe network and the ideal return water temperature setting value of the heat supply pipe network; Step 4: Determine the and values: ; Compare the numerical value with the numerical value. If ≠ then readjust the value to make the and difference minimum; where .

[0028] In some embodiments, in step S3, the output calculation formula of the controller is: Where: is the proportional coefficient; is the integral coefficient; is the differential coefficient; .

[0029] In some embodiments, each heat-using unit is configured with a heat exchange device, which can be a heat exchanger; each heat-using unit consists of multiple users.

[0030] S1 includes the following steps: Multiply both sides of the heat balance equation by : According to the definition of the derivative in calculus: Substitute into the above formula to get: .

[0031] In some embodiments, before step S0, there is also step S: Establish a heat station system model for the th heat-using unit: Where: is the heat transferred from the primary side to the secondary side by the heat station of the th heat-using unit; is the heat exchange efficiency of the heat station; is the user heat load; is the change rate of the supply water temperature of the secondary-side heat supply network; If < , then enter step S0; If ≥ , then perform heat supply regulation. When < later, enter step S0; Where: is the threshold of the supply water temperature change rate.

[0032] In some embodiments, .

[0033] In some embodiments, when ≥ , the heat supply regulation includes the following steps: S00: Determine whether a large number of users open or close valves simultaneously, resulting in a large change in the secondary-side heat load. If so, group and classify the regulation of the user valves through the intelligent controller installed on the user-side heat supply valves; If not, then enter S01; S01: Determine whether the supply water temperature or flow rate of the primary heat supply network changes too much; if so, adjust the supply water flow rate through the regulating valve at the inlet of the primary heat supply network. In this step, a temperature sensor and a flow sensor can be installed at the inlet of the primary heat supply network. When the measured temperature change rate by the temperature sensor or the measured flow change rate by the flow sensor is too large, adjust through the regulating valve at the inlet of the primary heat supply network to reduce the temperature change rate or the flow change rate. This is a common technical means for those skilled in the art and will not be elaborated here. If not, then enter S02: S02: Determine whether there is a failure in the heat exchange equipment of the heat station. If so, issue a maintenance warning for the heat exchange equipment.

[0034] In some embodiments, the steps of grouping and grading the regulation of the user valves through the intelligent controller installed on the user-side heat supply valve in step S00 include the following steps: The first step: Calculate the heat load change rate: Where: is the number of users whose valves are opened at time is the designed load of a single user; if , is the threshold value of the heat load change rate, then: According to the actual heat load usage, divide the users into two groups, A and B. Among them, for group A, the heat load used by each user is greater than , is the set threshold value; The second step: Fine-tune the user valves of group A through the intelligent controller, and gradually close the valve opening until the heat load of the user with the smallest heat load in group A is equal to ; The third step: Judge the relationship between and . If , then enter step S01; if , then the adjustment is completed.

[0035] For an intelligent heat supply regulation method based on adaptive control in this application, after establishing the heat balance equation, discretize the heat balance equation, and then through the formula for calculating the total heat transferred by the heat exchange equipment, the appropriate set value of the supply water temperature of the heat supply network can be determined and the appropriate set value threshold ; Provide a reference value with high accuracy for adaptive heat supply regulation. In some embodiments, by obtaining the outdoor temperature compensation curve based on historical data, obtain the numerical value of in the same period ; By comparing the two, a more accurate appropriate set value threshold can be selected. ; Then, by using a PID controller, it is only necessary to control the temperature difference before and after the hot water flows through the heat exchange equipment, which essentially corresponds to the control signal of the heating circulation pump frequency. Furthermore, the flow rate is adjusted to control the temperature difference, realizing adaptive heating adjustment, with strong flexibility and good use effects.

[0036] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present application and are not used to limit the present application. For those skilled in the art, various changes and modifications can be made to the present application. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included within the protection scope of the present application.

[0037] Although the specific implementation manners of the present application have been described above in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, it is not a limitation on the protection scope of the present application. Those skilled in the art should understand that based on the technical solution of the present application, various modifications or deformations that can be made by those skilled in the art without creative efforts are still within the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. An intelligent heating regulation method based on adaptive control, characterized in that: It includes the following steps: S0: Divide the heat-using area into multiple heat-using units, and establish a heat balance equation for each heat-using unit: Wherein: is the indoor heat capacity of the heating unit; is the indoor temperature of the th heating unit; is the heat input from the heating system to the th heating unit; is the heat dissipated from the th heating unit to the outside through the building envelope; is the heat released by the indoor heat source of the th heating unit; S1: Discretize the heat balance equation to obtain: Wherein: is a sampling period; represents the th sampling moment; S2: Obtain the formula for the total heat transferred per unit time by the heat exchange equipment of the th heat-using unit: Wherein: is the specific heat capacity of water at constant pressure; is the mass flow rate of hot water in the heat exchange equipment; is the temperature difference of the hot water before and after flowing through the heat exchange equipment; is the set value of the supply water temperature of the heat supply pipe network, is the threshold quantity of the set value, is the return water temperature of the heat supply pipe network; S3: Use the controller to adaptively adjust the heating system.

2. The intelligent heating regulation method based on adaptive control according to claim 1, characterized in that: Wherein: is the air density; is the indoor space volume of the th heating unit; is the specific heat capacity of air at constant pressure; Wherein: ; represents the heat transfer coefficient of the th part of the heat-using unit's enclosure structure, and represents the area of this part; is the outdoor temperature of the th heat-using unit.​ 3. The intelligent heating regulation method based on adaptive control according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step S2 further includes: Obtain an outdoor temperature compensation curve based on historical data, and the steps are as follows: Step 1: Assume that there is a linear relationship between the supply and return water temperatures and the outdoor temperature. Then, for the th heat-using unit, the outdoor temperature compensation curve based on historical data is as follows: Wherein: is the outdoor temperature of the th heating unit, are all fitting coefficients; Step 2: Solve for the fitting coefficients ; Suppose there are groups of historical data , and , where and ; , and are respectively the th group of supply water temperature of the heating pipe network, the th group of return water temperature of the heating pipe network, and the th group of outdoor temperature for the th heat - using unit; Then: For the sum of squared errors of the supply water temperature curve: Derive the partial derivatives of and respectively, and then set them equal to 0: Furthermore, the fitting coefficient is obtained. For the sum of squared errors of the return water temperature curve: Take the partial derivatives of and respectively and set them equal to zero: Furthermore, the fitting coefficient is obtained Step 3: For the th heating unit, calculate the ideal supply water temperature setting value of the heat supply network and the ideal return water temperature setting value of the heat supply network according to the current outdoor temperature and the outdoor temperature compensation curve based on historical data; Step 4: Determine and values of: ; Compare the value of with the value of . If ≠ , then readjust the value of to minimize the difference between and ; where .

4. The intelligent heating regulation method based on adaptive control according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S3, The output calculation formula of the controller is: Wherein: is the proportionality coefficient; is the integral coefficient; is the differential coefficient; .

5. The intelligent heating regulation method based on adaptive control according to claim 1, characterized in that: Each heat-using unit is equipped with a heat exchange device.

6. The intelligent heating regulation method based on adaptive control according to claim 1, characterized in that: The S1 includes the following steps: Multiply both sides of the heat balance equation by : According to the definition of the derivative in calculus: Substitute into the above formula to get: 。 7. The intelligent heating regulation method based on adaptive control according to claim 1, characterized in that: Before step S0, there is also step S: Establish the thermal power station system model with heat units: Wherein: is the heat transferred from the primary side to the secondary side of the th heat utilization unit of the heat substation; is the heat exchange efficiency of the heat substation; is the user heat load; is the change rate of the supply water temperature of the secondary side heat supply pipe network; If < , then go to step S0; If ≥ , heat supply regulation is carried out. When < , step S0 is entered; Wherein: is the threshold value of the water supply temperature change rate.

8. The intelligent heating regulation method based on adaptive control according to claim 7, characterized in that: The said 。 9. The intelligent heating regulation method based on adaptive control according to claim 7, characterized in that: The heating regulation includes the following steps: S00: Judge whether there is a large number of users opening or closing valves simultaneously, resulting in a large change in the secondary side heat load. If so, group and classify the regulation of the user valves through the intelligent controller installed on the user-side heating valves; If not, enter S01; S01: Judge whether the supply water temperature or flow rate of the primary side heating pipe network changes too much; if so, adjust the supply water flow rate through the regulating valve at the inlet of the primary side heating pipe network; If not, enter S02: S02: Judge whether there is a failure in the heat exchange equipment of the heat station. If so, issue a maintenance warning for the heat exchange equipment.

10. The intelligent heating regulation method based on adaptive control according to claim 9, characterized in that: The grouping and classification regulation of the user valves through the intelligent controller installed on the user-side heating valves in the step S00 includes the following steps: The first step: Calculate the heat load change rate: Wherein: is the number of users who open the valve at a certain moment; is the designed load for a single user; if , is the threshold of the heat load change rate, then: The users are divided into two groups, Group A and Group B, according to the actual heat load used. For each user in Group A, the heat load used is greater than , which is the set threshold value. Step 2: Fine-tune the user valves of Group A through the intelligent controller, and gradually close the valve opening until the heat load of the user with the smallest heat load in Group A is equal to ; Step 3: Determine if and are related. If , then proceed to step S01.

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