Jointed rock mass thermal-dynamic response excitation test device and test method
By designing the jointed rock mass thermal-dynamic response vibration test device, tensile impact and periodic loading are achieved, high-temperature environments are simulated, and the single compression impact limitation of the Hopkinson rod test device is solved, providing a more accurate experimental simulation effect.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202510583795.1
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-05-07
- Publication Date
- 2025-08-01
AI Technical Summary
The existing Hopkinson rod test device can only perform a single compression impact, making it difficult to simulate tensile impact and periodic cyclic loading, and cannot effectively reproduce the actual blasting and seismic waves in deep high-temperature rock engineering.
A jointed rock mass thermal-powered response vibration test device is designed, including a rectangular frame, a vibrator, axial pressure loading structure, a sliding power loading structure and a lift, which can realize tensile impact and periodic cyclic loading. Combined with the electric heating wire to simulate a high temperature environment, static and dynamic loading are separated by the vibrator and axial pressure loading structure.
The simulation of periodic compression and tensile vibration waves of jointed rock mass is realized, and the impact of actual blasting and seismic waves is accurately simulated, which solves the problem that the loading method of traditional devices does not conform to actual engineering, and provides more accurate experimental results.
Smart Images
Figure CN120405047A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The invention belongs to the field of preventing and controlling surrounding rock disasters in underground engineering, and particularly relates to a vibration excitation test device and a test method for the thermal-dynamic response of jointed rock masses. Background Technique
[0002] With the further development and utilization of deep resources and space, more and more engineering activities are involved in high-temperature problems. Compared with shallow engineering, dynamic disasters such as rock bursts, rock bumps, and collapses in deep high-temperature rock mass engineering are more obvious and intense. How to prevent the occurrence of dynamic disasters in deep high-temperature rock mass engineering is the core problem faced by the safe development and utilization of deep resources and space. Developing a test system that can perform thermal-dynamic response is the key to solving the above core problem. Currently, the Hopkinson bar test device is widely used for related research. However, the Hopkinson bar test device can only perform single compression impacts, and it is difficult to achieve tensile impacts and cyclic loading, and it is difficult to reproduce and simulate the action modes of actual blasting and seismic waves. Therefore, further developing a test device that can achieve tensile impacts and cyclic loading has important engineering significance. Summary of the Invention
[0003] Aiming at the problems existing in the prior art, the first object of the present invention is to provide a vibration excitation test device for the thermal-dynamic response of jointed rock masses.
[0004] The present invention adopts the following technical solutions: A vibration excitation test device for the thermal-dynamic response of jointed rock masses includes a rectangular frame. A vibration exciter fixing frame is slidably connected to the top of the rectangular frame. A vibration exciter is fixedly connected to the bottom of the vibration exciter fixing frame. An axial compression loading structure is fixedly connected to the vibration exciter fixing frame. The vibration exciter head of the vibration exciter passes through the axial compression loading structure and is fixedly connected to an upper joint block. A sliding force loading structure is fixedly connected to the left side of the rectangular frame. The sliding force loading structure is connected to a specimen joint block through a steel wire rope. A lifter is arranged at the bottom of the rectangular frame. A lower joint block is placed on the top of the lifter. The upper joint block and the lower joint block sandwich the specimen joint block in the middle.
[0005] Preferably, a first guide rail is arranged on the upper part of the rectangular frame, a rack is arranged below the first guide rail, a slider is fixedly connected to the rear part of the vibration exciter fixing frame, and the slider is slidably connected to the first guide rail. A handwheel is arranged on the vibration exciter fixing frame. The handwheel is connected to a gear, and the gear meshes with the rack. The handwheel can drive the gear and the vibration exciter fixing frame to move left and right on the rack.
[0006] Preferably, the axial pressure loading structure includes an axial pressure loading frame, the top of the axial pressure loading frame is fixedly connected to the exciter fixing frame, the bottom of the axial pressure loading frame is connected to two synchronous hydraulic cylinders, and the bottoms of the two synchronous hydraulic cylinders are connected to a loading plate; the excitation head of the exciter passes through the loading plate and is fixedly connected to the upper joint block.
[0007] Preferably, the sliding force loading structure includes a fixed plate and a hand-cranked lifting frame, the fixed plate is fixedly connected to the left side of the rectangular frame, two parallel second guide rails are provided on the fixed plate, a locking slider is fixedly connected to the rear side of the hand-cranked lifting frame, the locking slider is slidably connected to the second guide rail, a hand-cranked screw is vertically provided on the front side of the hand-cranked lifting frame, a movable seat is slidably connected to the hand-cranked screw, a pulley fixing seat is fixedly connected to the movable seat, and a pulley is rotatably connected to the pulley fixing seat; the steel wire rope passes through the pulley and is connected to a counterweight.
[0008] Preferably, a limiting structure is fixedly connected to the elevator, and the limiting structure includes a vertical support plate. The upper and lower parts of the vertical support plate are provided with limiting frames, and a number of vertical pulleys are provided on the front and rear inner walls of the limiting frame. The upper joint block can be placed in the upper limiting frame, and the lower joint block is placed in the lower limiting frame. The upper joint block and the lower joint block can move up and down in the limiting frame; a U-shaped groove for making way is provided on the left side wall of the limiting frame.
[0009] Preferably, strain gauges and vibration sensors are provided on the left sides of the upper joint block, the sample joint block and the lower joint block, and piezoelectric film sensors are provided on the bottom of the upper joint block, the top and bottom of the sample joint block, and the top of the lower joint block; an electric heating wire is provided on the rear side of the sample joint block, and an insulating film is provided outside the electric heating wire; the front sides of the upper joint block, the sample joint block and the lower joint block are sprayed with speckles.
[0010] Preferably, it also includes a signal transmitter, an ultra-high-speed camera and a host computer, wherein the signal transmitter is connected to the exciter and the ultra-high-speed camera through a power amplifier, and the signal transmitter, ultra-high-speed camera, strain gauge, vibration sensor and piezoelectric film sensor are all connected to the host computer.
[0011] The second object of the present invention is to provide a method for testing the thermal-dynamic response of a jointed rock mass through excitation.
[0012] A jointed rock mass thermal-dynamic response excitation test method, using the jointed rock mass thermal-dynamic response excitation test device as described above, comprises the following steps: Step 1: Fabricate the upper joint block, the specimen joint block, and the lower joint block. The upper joint block, the specimen joint block, and the lower joint block are of the same size and are cut from real rock masses, all being cubes or cuboids.
[0013] Speckles are sprayed on the front sides of the upper joint block, the specimen joint block, and the lower joint block. Strain gauges and vibration sensors are fixedly placed on the left sides of the upper joint block, the specimen joint block, and the lower joint block. Piezoelectric film sensors are installed at the bottom of the upper joint block, the top and bottom of the specimen joint block, and the top of the lower joint block.
[0014] An electric heating wire is arranged at the rear side of the specimen joint block and is wrapped by a heat insulation film.
[0015] Step 2: Fix the upper joint block to the excitation head and place it in the upper limiting frame. Place the lower joint block on the elevator and in the lower limiting frame. Adjust the elevator to clamp the specimen joint block between the upper joint block and the lower joint block.
[0016] Step 3: Two synchronous hydraulic cylinders apply a loading force to the three joint rock masses through the loading plate, heat the electric heating wire, and then perform high-temperature loading on the specimen joint block. One end of a steel wire rope is connected to the specimen joint block, and the other end passes through a pulley and is connected with a counterweight weight to apply a horizontal sliding force to the specimen joint block, and the exciter applies periodic compressive and tensile stress waves.
[0017] Step 4: The host computer acquires the images taken by the ultra-high-speed camera, acquires the data collected by the strain gauges, vibration sensors, and piezoelectric film sensors, and analyzes the data.
[0018] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: 1. The excitation head of the present invention is fixedly connected to the upper joint block, and can realize the loading of periodic compressive and tensile vibration waves, and can effectively simulate the compressive waves, tensile waves, and periodic stress waves of actual blasting and earthquakes. It solves the defect that the traditional test device cannot realize the simultaneous loading of compressive waves, tensile waves, and periodic stress waves. At the same time, the exciter can move left and right, and can accurately simulate the influence of vibration waves on joint rock masses.
[0019] 2. The limiting structure of the present invention can realize the restriction of all blocks from sliding to the right, and restricts the upper joint block and the lower joint block from sliding to the left through the limiting frame. A number of vertical pulleys do not restrict the up and down movement of the upper joint block and the lower joint block, and the limiting device does not restrict the up and down movement of the specimen joint block, effectively simulating the movement boundary of real rock blocks under the action of blasting and seismic waves.
[0020] 3. The axial compression loading structure of the present invention is ingeniously combined with the vibrator to achieve the separation of static and dynamic forces. The static force is provided by the axial compression loading structure and acts on the specimen joint block through the peripheral position of the upper joint block, while the periodic dynamic load is realized by the vibrator passing through the static loading structure and acts on the specimen joint block through connection with the central position of the upper joint block. This method solves the defects that some static-dynamic combined test devices are difficult to achieve the expected accuracy when applying static and dynamic forces simultaneously to the test using the same loading plate, and the acting mode does not conform to the actual project.
[0021] 4. The electric heating wire effectively simulates the influence of dynamic loading on jointed rock masses under high-temperature environments.
[0022] 5. The sliding force loading structure of the present invention can apply different horizontal loads to the specimen joint block, and at the same time, it can be adjusted by moving left and right and up and down to achieve the absolute horizontality of the applied horizontal load, solving the experimental defect of generating normal force components due to uneven application of horizontal tensile forces. Description of the Drawings
[0023] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the excitation test device for the thermo-dynamic response of jointed rock masses.
[0024] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the vibrator and the axial compression loading structure.
[0025] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the sliding force loading structure.
[0026] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the elevator and the limit structure.
[0027] Figure 5 It is a specific schematic diagram of the limit structure.
[0028] Figure 6 It is the vibration waveform curve of the upper joint block, the specimen joint block, and the lower joint block.
[0029] Figure 7 It is the sliding curve of the specimen joint block.
[0030] Among them, 1. rectangular frame; 2. exciter fixing frame; 3. exciter; 4. first guide rail; 5. rack; 6. handwheel; 7. upper joint block; 8. axial compression loading frame; 9. synchronous hydraulic cylinder; 10. loading plate; 11. specimen joint block; 12. fixing plate; 13. hand-cranked lifting frame; 14. second guide rail; 15. locking slider; 16. hand-cranked lead screw; 17. moving seat; 18. pulley fixing seat; 19. pulley; 20. steel wire rope; 21. counterweight; 22. elevator; 23. lower joint block; 24. vertical support plate; 25. limit frame; 26. vertical pulley; 27. ultra-high-speed camera; 28. upper computer; 29. power amplifier; 30. signal transmitter. Specific embodiments
[0031] The following further describes the specific embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific examples: Embodiment
[0032] Combined with Figures 1 to 5 , a thermal-dynamic response excitation test device for jointed rock masses, comprising a rectangular frame 1. The top of the rectangular frame 1 is slidably connected with an exciter fixing frame 2, and the bottom of the exciter fixing frame 2 is fixedly connected with an exciter 3.
[0033] Specifically, a first guide rail 4 is arranged on the upper part of the rectangular frame 1, a rack 5 is arranged below the first guide rail 4, a slider is fixedly connected to the rear of the exciter fixing frame 2, and the slider is slidably connected to the first guide rail 4. A handwheel 6 is arranged on the exciter fixing frame 2, the handwheel 6 is connected with a gear, the gear meshes with the rack 5, and the handwheel 6 can drive the gear and the exciter fixing frame 2 to move left and right on the rack 5, so as to realize the arbitrary movement of the exciter 3. The slider can be locked on the first guide rail 4, so as to realize the stationary fixation of the exciter 3.
[0034] An axial compression loading structure is fixedly connected to the exciter fixing frame 2, and the excitation head of the exciter 3 passes through the axial compression loading structure and is fixedly connected with an upper joint block 7.
[0035] Specifically, the axial compression loading structure includes an axial compression loading frame 8. The top of the axial compression loading frame 8 is fixedly connected to the exciter fixing frame 2. The bottom of the axial compression loading frame is connected with two synchronous hydraulic cylinders 9. The bottom of the two synchronous hydraulic cylinders 9 is connected with a loading plate 10. A through hole is opened in the center of the loading plate 10, and the excitation head of the exciter 3 passes through the through hole of the loading plate 10 and is fixedly connected with the upper joint block 7. The axial compression loading structure implements axial loading.
[0036] A sliding force loading structure is fixedly connected to the left side of the rectangular frame 1, and the sliding force loading structure is connected with a specimen joint block 11 through a steel wire rope 20.
[0037] Specifically, the sliding force loading structure includes a fixed plate 12 and a hand-cranked lifting frame 13. The fixed plate 12 is fixedly connected to the left side of the rectangular frame 1. Two parallel second guide rails 14 are provided on the fixed plate 12. A locking slider 15 is fixedly connected to the rear side of the hand-cranked lifting frame 13. The locking slider 15 is slidably connected to the second guide rail 14. A hand-cranked lead screw 16 is vertically provided on the front side of the hand-cranked lifting frame 13. A moving seat 17 is slidably connected to the hand-cranked lead screw 16. A pulley fixing seat 18 is fixedly connected to the moving seat 17. A pulley 19 is rotatably connected to the pulley fixing seat 18. A steel wire rope 20 passes through the pulley 19 and is connected to a counterweight 21.
[0038] The locking slider 15 and the second guide rail 14 can realize the forward and backward movement of the hand-cranked lifting frame 13. The hand-cranked lead screw 16 can drive the pulley 19 to move up and down, so as to ensure that when conducting the experiment, the horizontal sliding force applied by the steel wire rope 20 to the specimen joint block 11 is absolutely horizontal, and to ensure that there is no component of force other than the horizontal sliding force during the test.
[0039] An elevator 22 is provided at the bottom of the rectangular frame 1. The lower joint block 23 is placed on the top of the elevator 22. The upper joint block 7 and the lower joint block 23 sandwich the specimen joint block 11 in the middle.
[0040] A limiting structure is fixedly connected to the elevator 22. The limiting structure includes a vertical support plate 24. Limiting frames 25 are provided at both the upper and lower parts of the vertical support plate 24. A number of vertical pulleys 26 are provided on the front and rear inner walls of the limiting frame 25.
[0041] The upper joint block 7 can be placed into the upper limiting frame 25, and the lower joint block 23 can be placed into the lower limiting frame 25. The upper joint block 7 and the lower joint block 23 can move up and down within the limiting frame 25.
[0042] The limiting frame 25 can limit the left and right movement of the upper joint block 7 and the lower joint block 23, but does not limit the up and down movement of the upper joint block 7 and the lower joint block 23. The provided vertical pulleys 26 can ensure the smooth up and down movement of the upper joint block 7 and the lower joint block 23.
[0043] A relief U-shaped groove is formed on the left side wall of the limiting frame 25.
[0044] Strain gauges and vibration sensors are provided on the left sides of the upper joint block 7, the specimen joint block 11, and the lower joint block 23. The strain gauges and vibration sensors of the upper joint block 7 and the lower joint block 23 are placed at the relief U-shaped groove of the limiting frame 25. When the upper joint block 7 and the lower joint block 23 move up and down, it is ensured that the strain gauges and vibration sensors only move within the relief U-shaped groove, which can prevent the strain gauges and vibration sensors from contacting the limiting frame 25 and does not affect the normal use of the strain gauges and vibration sensors.
[0045] Piezoelectric film sensors are provided at the bottom of the upper joint block 7, the top and bottom of the specimen joint block 11, and the top of the lower joint block 23.
[0046] An electric heating wire is provided at the rear side of the specimen joint block 11, and a heat insulation film is provided outside the electric heating wire.
[0047] Speckles are sprayed on the front sides of the upper joint block 7, the specimen joint block 11, and the lower joint block 23.
[0048] Strain gauges, vibration sensors, and piezoelectric film sensors are used to monitor parameters such as the strain, vibration waveform, wave velocity, and stress of the specimen in real time.
[0049] The device further includes a signal transmitter 30, an ultra-high-speed camera 27, and a host computer 28. The signal transmitter 30 is connected to the exciter 3 and the ultra-high-speed camera 27 through a power amplifier 29. The signal transmitter 30, the ultra-high-speed camera 27, the strain gauges, the vibration sensors, and the piezoelectric film sensors are all connected to the host computer.
[0050] The ultra-high-speed camera 27 is placed in front of the rectangular frame 1 and is used to capture the change process of the speckles, so as to analyze the strain field and displacement field of the rock mass.
[0051] Embodiment 2 Combined with Figures 1 to 7 , a method for exciting a thermo-dynamic response test of a jointed rock mass, using the device for exciting a thermo-dynamic response test of a jointed rock mass described in Embodiment 1, includes the following steps: Step 1: Fabricate the upper joint block 7, the specimen joint block 11, and the lower joint block 23. The upper joint block 7, the specimen joint block 11, and the lower joint block 23 are of the same size and are cut from real rock masses, and are all cubes or cuboids.
[0052] Speckles are sprayed on the front sides of the upper joint block 7, the specimen joint block 11, and the lower joint block 23. Strain gauges and vibration sensors are fixedly placed on the left sides of the upper joint block 7, the specimen joint block 11, and the lower joint block 23.
[0053] Install the piezoelectric film sensors at the bottom of the upper joint block 7, the top and bottom of the specimen joint block 11, and the top of the lower joint block 23.
[0054] An electric heating wire is provided at the rear side of the specimen joint block 11, and the electric heating wire is wrapped by a heat insulation film to prevent heat dissipation.
[0055] The electric heating wire is connected to a temperature control system, and the temperature control system is a prior art.
[0056] Step 2: Fix the upper joint block 7 to the vibration exciter head and place it inside the upper limiting frame 25. Place the lower joint block 23 on the elevator 22 and inside the lower limiting frame 25. Adjust the elevator 22 to clamp the specimen joint block 11 between the upper joint block 7 and the lower joint block 23.
[0057] Step 3: Two synchronous hydraulic cylinders 9 apply a loading force to the three joint rock masses through the loading plate 10. Heat the electric heating wire to a target temperature of 100 °C, and then perform high-temperature loading on the specimen joint block 11. One end of the steel wire rope 20 is connected to the specimen joint block 11, and the other end passes through the pulley 19 and is connected to a counterweight 21. Apply a horizontal sliding force to the specimen joint block 11 through the counterweight 21, and the horizontal sliding force is 60 N.
[0058] The vibrator 3 applies a dynamic load. The vibrator applies a sine load for 8 cycles, with an amplitude of 0.2 m / s and a frequency of 50 Hz.
[0059] Step 4: The host computer obtains the images captured by the ultra-high-speed camera 27, obtains the data collected by the strain gauges, vibration sensors, and piezoelectric film sensors, and analyzes the data.
[0060] Figure 6 Shows the vibration waveforms of the three blocks under the above high-temperature and dynamic load conditions. Figure 7 Shows the sliding displacement of the middle block under the above high-temperature and dynamic load conditions. It can be seen that the joint surface between the blocks will cause the attenuation of the dynamic load, and the vibration between the blocks will cause ultra-low friction between the blocks, thereby causing the blocks to slide.
[0061] Of course, the above description is not a limitation of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to the above examples. Changes, modifications, additions, or substitutions made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the essence of the present invention should also fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims
1. A vibration excitation test device for the thermal-dynamic response of jointed rock masses, characterized in that, It includes a rectangular frame. A vibrator fixing frame is slidably connected to the top of the rectangular frame. A vibrator is fixedly connected to the bottom of the vibrator fixing frame. An axial compression loading structure is fixedly connected to the vibrator fixing frame. The vibration head of the vibrator passes through the axial compression loading structure and is fixedly connected to an upper joint block. A sliding force loading structure is fixedly connected to the left side of the rectangular frame. The sliding force loading structure is connected to a specimen joint block through a steel wire rope. An elevator is arranged at the bottom of the rectangular frame. A lower joint block is placed on the top of the elevator. The upper joint block and the lower joint block sandwich the specimen joint block in the middle.
2. The thermo-dynamic response excitation test device for jointed rock masses according to claim 1, wherein A first guide rail is arranged at the upper part of the rectangular frame. A rack is arranged below the first guide rail. A slider is fixedly connected to the rear part of the vibrator fixing frame. The slider is slidably connected to the first guide rail. A handwheel is arranged on the vibrator fixing frame. The handwheel is connected to a gear. The gear meshes with the rack. The handwheel can drive the gear and the vibrator fixing frame to move left and right on the rack.
3. The excitation test device for the thermal-dynamic response of jointed rock masses according to claim 1, characterized in that, The axial compression loading structure includes an axial compression loading frame. The top of the axial compression loading frame is fixedly connected to the vibrator fixing frame. The bottom of the axial compression loading frame is connected to two synchronous hydraulic cylinders. The bottoms of the two synchronous hydraulic cylinders are connected to a loading plate. The vibration head of the vibrator passes through the loading plate and is fixedly connected to the upper joint block.
4. The excitation test device for the thermal-dynamic response of jointed rock mass according to claim 1, characterized in that The sliding force loading structure includes a fixing plate and a hand-cranked lifting frame. The fixing plate is fixedly connected to the left side of the rectangular frame. Two parallel second guide rails are arranged on the fixing plate. A locking slider is fixedly connected to the rear side of the hand-cranked lifting frame. The locking slider is slidably connected to the second guide rail. A hand-cranked lead screw is vertically arranged on the front side of the hand-cranked lifting frame. A moving seat is slidably connected to the hand-cranked lead screw. A pulley fixing seat is fixedly connected to the moving seat. A pulley is rotatably connected to the pulley fixing seat. The steel wire rope passes through the pulley and is connected to a counterweight.
5. The excitation test device for the thermal-dynamic response of jointed rock masses according to claim 1, characterized in that, A limiting structure is fixedly connected to the elevator. The limiting structure includes a vertical support plate. Limiting frames are arranged at the upper and lower parts of the vertical support plate. A number of vertical pulleys are arranged on the front and rear inner walls of the limiting frame. The upper joint block can be placed in the upper limiting frame. The lower joint block is placed in the lower limiting frame. The upper joint block and the lower joint block can move up and down in the limiting frame. A U-shaped relief groove is opened on the left side wall of the limiting frame.
6. The thermo-dynamic response excitation test device for jointed rock mass according to claim 1, characterized in that, Strain gauges and vibration sensors are arranged on the left sides of the upper joint block, the specimen joint block and the lower joint block. Piezoelectric film sensors are arranged at the bottom of the upper joint block, the top and bottom of the specimen joint block, and the top of the lower joint block. An electric heating wire is arranged at the rear side of the specimen joint block. A heat insulation film is arranged outside the electric heating wire. Speckles are sprayed on the front sides of the upper joint block, the specimen joint block and the lower joint block.
7. The thermo-dynamic response excitation test device for jointed rock masses according to claim 6, characterized in that, It also includes a signal transmitter, an ultra-high-speed camera and a host computer. The signal transmitter is connected to the shaker and the ultra-high-speed camera through a power amplifier. The signal transmitter, the ultra-high-speed camera, the strain gauges, the vibration sensors and the piezoelectric film sensors are all connected to the host computer.
8. A vibration excitation test method for the thermal-dynamic response of jointed rock masses, characterized in that, Using the jointed rock mass thermo-dynamic response excitation test device according to any one of claims 1-7, the following steps are included: Step 1: Fabricate the upper joint block, the specimen joint block and the lower joint block. The upper joint block, the specimen joint block and the lower joint block are of the same size and are cut from real rock masses, all being cubes or cuboids. Speckles are sprayed on the front sides of the upper joint block, the specimen joint block and the lower joint block. Strain gauges and vibration sensors are fixedly placed on the left sides of the upper joint block, the specimen joint block and the lower joint block. The piezoelectric film sensors are installed at the bottom of the upper joint block, the top and bottom of the specimen joint block, and the top of the lower joint block. An electric heating wire is arranged at the rear side of the specimen joint block and is wrapped by a heat insulation film. Step 2: Fix the upper joint block to the excitation head and place it in the upper limit frame. Place the lower joint block on the elevator and in the lower limit frame. Adjust the elevator to clamp the specimen joint block between the upper joint block and the lower joint block. Step 3: Two synchronous hydraulic cylinders apply a loading force to the three jointed rock masses through the loading plate, heat the electric heating wire, and then apply a high-temperature load to the specimen joint block. One end of the steel wire rope is connected to the specimen joint block, and the other end passes through the pulley and is connected with a counterweight. A horizontal sliding force is applied to the specimen joint block through the counterweight, and the shaker applies periodic compressive and tensile stress waves. Step 4: The host computer acquires the images taken by the ultra-high-speed camera, acquires the data collected by the strain gauges, the vibration sensors and the piezoelectric film sensors, and analyzes the data.