Coal mine field sampling detection method

Abstract

The invention discloses a coal mine on-site sampling detection method which comprises the following steps: (1) drilling under a coal mine to obtain a coal dust and / or rock debris sample, and loading the sample into a sampling tank; (2) pouring a sample in the sampling tank into a crushing and grinding detection device; (3) sequentially crushing and grinding the sample from top to bottom by the crushing and grinding detection device, collecting gas generated by the sample in the grinding process, and detecting components of the collected gas; and (4) after the detection is finished, cleaning the ground sample. The method is scientific in principle and easy to operate, gas production components and proportions in the crushing and grinding processes of the samples are detected on site, on one hand, a new thought can be provided for understanding the effect of the tectonic stress in the coalification process, and a perfect coalification effect theory is established; on the other hand, a gas production source and a gas production mechanism in the tectonic coal deformation process are disclosed, and a scientific basis is provided for geological prospecting, coal mine excess gas source research and coal and gas outburst prevention and control.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of sampling and testing of coal samples and rock samples, and particularly relates to a sampling and testing method for coal mines on-site. Background Art

[0002] Currently, the common method for testing coal or rock samples after sampling in coal mines is to use a sampling tank to hold the samples and then take them to the laboratory above the well for testing. This sampling and testing method has the following disadvantages: (1) It takes a long time for the sampling tank to go from the underground of the coal mine to the laboratory, and many sampling tanks also have problems with poor sealing. Especially for coal samples, the gas in the coal samples will be lost during long-term transportation, thus affecting the accuracy of the test results.

[0003] (2) Currently, the testing of coal samples is usually to conduct gas desorption tests. Through accurate determination and analysis of the desorption law of gas, the gas release risk can be effectively predicted and controlled, which has important value for coal mine safety and coalbed methane development. However, this testing method cannot test rock samples. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In order to solve the above technical problems existing in the prior art, the present invention provides a sampling and testing method for coal mines on-site that is easy to operate, has high accuracy of test results, and can test both coal samples and rock samples.

[0005] To solve the above technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: A sampling and testing method for coal mines on-site, comprising the following steps: (1) Drill in the underground of the coal mine to obtain coal cuttings and / or rock cuttings samples, and put the samples into a sampling tank; (2) Pour the samples in the sampling tank into a crushing, grinding and testing device; (3) The crushing, grinding and testing device sequentially crushes and grinds the samples from top to bottom, collects the gas generated by the samples during the grinding process, and tests the composition of the collected gas; (4) After the testing is completed, clean the powdered samples after grinding.

[0006] The sampling tank in step (1) includes a cylindrical tank body, an outer circular thread of the upper end of the tank body is connected to the tank cover, and a lower end of the tank body is provided with a conical discharge hopper which is larger at the top and smaller at the bottom. The discharge hopper is formed by connecting and combining a number of conical arc plates with the same structure. The length direction of the connecting surface between two adjacent conical arc plates is along the main line direction of the discharge hopper. The upper side of each conical arc plate is hinged to the lower end edge of the tank body through a hinge. A torsion spring is installed on the pin of the hinge. The spring arms at both ends of the torsion spring are respectively pressed against the tank body and the conical arc plate; under the action of the torsion spring, the conical arc plates are pressed against each other and sealed; a conical arc groove with the same structure is opened on the inner side of the lower end of each conical arc plate, and all the conical arc grooves are enclosed to form a discharge drive groove with a pointed top and a thick bottom.

[0007] The crushing and grinding detection device includes a horizontally arranged base plate, a walking wheel is provided at the bottom of the base plate, an installation box is provided on the base plate, a vacuum pump, a rechargeable battery and a PLC controller are provided in the installation box, the vacuum pump outlet is connected to the outside of the installation box, a feeding port is provided on the top of the installation box, and a box cover is provided at the feeding port. The installation box is provided with a sampling tank top pressure-driven feeder, a crushing mechanism and a lifting and rotating grinding mechanism from top to bottom. The lifting and rotating grinding mechanism is connected to the gas collection detection device through a gas collecting pipe, and the PLC controller is controlled and connected to the crushing mechanism and the lifting and rotating grinding mechanism through signal lines.

[0008] The sampling tank top pressure driven feeder includes a plurality of diagonal support rods, the lower ends of which are fixed on the side wall of the installation box, and the upper ends of all the diagonal support rods are fixedly connected to form a conical top, and all the diagonal support rods are on the same outer circle of the cone; The crushing mechanism includes two crushing rollers arranged at intervals on the left and right, with a crushing gap channel that is transparent from top to bottom between the two crushing rollers. The front and rear ends of the crushing rollers are rotatably connected to the front and rear side walls of the installation box through bearings. The front or rear side of each crushing roller is transmission-connected to a crushing motor located outside the installation box; a guide plate is provided above each of the two crushing rollers in the installation box, and the lower sides of the two guide plates are adjacent to and parallel to the crushing gap channel.

[0009] The lifting and rotating grinding mechanism includes an electric push rod, a grinding motor, grinding balls, a material guiding cylinder and a grinding seat. The electric push rod is vertically arranged. The lower end of the electric push rod is hinged on the bottom plate through a hinge, and the upper end of the electric push rod is connected to the bottom of the grinding motor through a pressure sensing sheet. Slideways are provided on both the left inner wall and the right inner wall of the installation box. Sliders sliding along the same-side slideways are provided on both the left and right sides of the grinding motor. The main shaft of the grinding motor is vertically upward and horizontally provided with a connecting plate. The grinding seat is arranged on the top of the connecting plate, and the connecting plate is fixedly connected to the bottom of the grinding seat through bolts. A grinding groove with an open top is formed in the grinding seat. The grinding groove includes an upper cylindrical section, a middle cylindrical section and a lower spherical section. The middle cylindrical section is in the shape of a cone with a larger upper part and a smaller lower part. The diameter of the upper cylindrical section is equal to the upper end diameter of the middle cylindrical section. The lower end of the middle cylindrical section is seamlessly connected to the upper end of the lower spherical section. The material guiding cylinder is vertically arranged. The outer circle of the upper part of the material guiding cylinder is fixedly connected to the inner side wall of the installation box through a connecting rod. The grinding balls are fixedly arranged at the lower end of the material guiding cylinder, and the grinding balls extend into the grinding groove. A material discharging hole communicating with the grinding groove is formed at the lower end of the material guiding cylinder, and the bottom surface of the material discharging hole is the outer circular surface of the grinding ball.

[0010] A guiding ring sleeving the outside of the material guiding cylinder is fixedly arranged at the upper port of the grinding seat. A sealing ring fixedly arranged on the inner circle of the guiding ring is in sliding and sealing fit with the outer circle of the material guiding cylinder. A guiding four-sided pyramid cylinder is arranged between the lower parts of the two crushing rollers and the upper port of the material guiding cylinder. An installation frame located outside the guiding four-sided pyramid cylinder is arranged on the inner wall of the installation box. A sealing motor is arranged at the bottom of the installation frame. The main shaft of the sealing motor is connected with a sealing plate horizontally arranged for blocking the upper port of the material guiding cylinder. The sealing plate is located below the lower port of the guiding four-sided pyramid cylinder. An anti-blocking material feeder is arranged in the material guiding cylinder. The anti-blocking material feeder includes a feeding micro motor arranged in the upper part of the material guiding cylinder. The outer circle of the feeding micro motor is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the material guiding cylinder through a radial rod. The main shaft of the feeding micro motor is vertically downward and connected with a conveying shaft coaxial with the material guiding cylinder. A spiral blade is arranged on the outer circle of the conveying shaft. A guiding cone with a pointed upper part and a thick lower part is arranged at the upper end of the feeding micro motor. A plurality of transparent observation windows are arranged at intervals from top to bottom on the front side of the installation box. A cleaning door corresponding to the grinding seat horizontally is arranged on the right side of the installation box.

[0011] The gas collecting and detecting device includes a gas collecting pipe, a touch display screen, a gas storage tank and a mine gas detector. A pipe joint is arranged on the upper side of the material guiding cylinder. The air inlet of the gas collecting pipe is connected to the pipe joint, and the air outlet of the gas collecting pipe is connected to the air inlet of the gas storage tank. An air extraction pump and a first electromagnetic valve are arranged on the gas collecting pipe. The detection port of the mine gas detector is connected to the air outlet of the gas storage tank through a detection pipe. A second electromagnetic valve is arranged on the detection pipe. The touch display screen is arranged on the front side of the outer part of the installation box. The PLC controller is in two-way signal connection with the touch display screen. The output end of the PLC controller is respectively connected to the vacuum pump, the crushing motor, the electric push rod, the grinding motor, the sealing motor, the pressure sensing sheet, the air extraction pump, the first electromagnetic valve and the second electromagnetic valve. The signal output end of the mine gas detector is connected to the signal input end of the touch display screen.

[0012] The specific process of loading the sample into the sampling tank in step (1) is as follows: hold the tank body, unscrew the tank cover, load the coal dust and / or rock cuttings sample from the drill hole into the tank body, and then close the tank cover.

[0013] The specific process of step (2) is as follows: unscrew the box cover, insert the tank body of the sampling tank vertically into the feeding port, insert the conical top of the upper end of the diagonal support rod into the discharge drive groove at the lower end of the discharge hopper, the outer diameter of the tank body is equal to the diameter of the feeding port, the tank body blocks the feeding port, operate the touch screen, start the vacuum pump, and the vacuum pump extracts the air inside the installation box. When the vacuum degree in the installation box reaches the requirement, turn off the vacuum pump; then press the tank body downward, and the discharge hopper at the lower end of the tank body moves downward. The discharge drive trough moves downward along the discharge top, and multiple oblique support rods generate horizontal thrust on the discharge drive trough. The horizontal thrust overcomes the elastic force of the torsion spring and pushes the discharge drive trough outward. The conical arc plate rotates outward with the pin of the hinge as the fulcrum, and the lower end of the conical arc plate gradually opens to form a discharge port. The sample falls downward from the tank body onto the two guide plates in the installation box; after all the samples in the tank body fall down, the tank body is taken out upward, and the box cover is quickly screwed on to close the feeding port.

[0014] The specific process of step (3) is as follows: Operate the touch display screen to start the crushing motor and the feeding micro-motor. The crushing motor drives the crushing rollers to rotate. The samples on the two guide plates slide into the crushing gap channel between the two crushing rollers to crush the larger samples. The crushed granular samples fall into the guide four-sided pyramid barrel and then slide into the guide barrel. The feeding micro-motor drives the spiral blade to rotate. The spiral blade conveys the granular samples downward and falls into the grinding groove through the feeding hole at the lower end of the guide barrel. When it is observed that the samples on the two crushing rollers are completely crushed, turn off the crushing motor. When it is observed that the granular samples in the guide barrel are completely conveyed downward, turn off the feeding micro-motor. If the sample is a rock, start the sealing motor. The sealing motor drives the sealing plate to rotate above the guide barrel to block the upper port of the guide barrel. Then start the electric push rod, the grinding motor and the air extraction pump, and open the first solenoid valve. The electric push rod extends to drive the grinding motor and the grinding seat to move upward. At the same time, the slider also slides upward along the slideway. The grinding motor drives the grinding seat to rotate through the connecting plate. The granular samples inside the grinding seat are ground with the grinding balls. When the pressure sensing piece monitors that the pressure reaches the set value, it transmits the pressure signal to the PLC controller. The PLC controller issues a stop instruction to the electric push rod. The grinding motor continues to drive the grinding seat to rotate. The sample particles inside the grinding seat are ground into powder. The gas generated during the grinding process is pumped into the gas storage tank by the air extraction pump for storage. After grinding for the set time, turn off the grinding motor and the air extraction pump, close the first solenoid valve, open the second solenoid valve. The gas in the gas storage tank is transported into the mine gas detector for detection. The mine gas detector detects the composition and proportion of the gas and displays the specific data on the touch display screen. Finally, close the second solenoid valve and start the electric push rod. The electric push rod contracts to drive the grinding motor and the grinding seat to move downward to reset, thus completing the gas production detection of the sampling.

[0015] The specific process of step (4) is as follows: Open the cleaning door, unscrew the bolt between the connecting plate and the grinding seat, take out the grinding seat, and pour out the sample powder inside the grinding seat. Then discharge the gas in the gas storage tank completely.

[0016] Adopting the above technical solution, compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1) The present invention uses the drill cuttings generated after on-site drilling as samples, immediately loads them into the sampling tank, and pours them into the crushing and grinding detection device on-site for real-time detection. The detection method is to detect the composition and proportion of the gas generated during the grinding process. The gas components include methane, carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, hydrogen, hydrogen sulfide, nitrogen, etc. This operation method makes the detection result more accurate.

[0017] 2) The sampling tank uses an upper port for loading and a lower port for discharging. Each conical arc plate of the discharge hopper automatically opens by pressing. A torsion spring ensures that the conical arc plate maintains a good sealing effect when not subjected to external forces. Before discharging, the sampling tank body is sealed against the mounting box and vacuumed before discharging. This reduces the chance and time of contact between the sample in the sampling tank and the air, improving detection accuracy. The conical arc groove at the lower end of the conical arc plate forms a discharge drive groove, which cooperates with the conical tip at the upper end of the diagonal support rod fixed to the upper part of the mounting box. Pressing down on the tank body easily opens the conical arc plate, making feeding very convenient.

[0018] 3) In order to shorten the grinding time and improve the detection efficiency, a crushing mechanism is specially set up to crush the large pieces of samples into granules first. The crushing mechanism adopts a roller structure. Each crushing roller is driven by a crushing motor alone. The speeds can be the same or different and can be adjusted according to different samples.

[0019] 4) When the sample is coal dust, gas is generated during the pulverization process, so there is no need to block the upper port of the guide barrel. If the sample is rock dust, there is essentially no gas generated during the pulverization process. Therefore, starting the sealing motor drives the sealing plate to block the upper port of the guide barrel, which improves the efficiency of the vacuum pump. The lower end of the guide barrel has 3-4 discharge holes evenly distributed along the circumference. Due to the small diameter of the discharge holes, an anti-blocking feeder is installed in the guide barrel to prevent clogging. The feed micromotor drives the spiral blade to feed the material. The feed cone is set to ensure smoother discharge from the upper port of the guide barrel.

[0020] 5) The setting of multiple transparent observation windows facilitates observation of various parts inside the installation box to improve detection efficiency; the setting of guide rings and sealing rings not only seals the inside of the grinding tank, but also enables the grinding seat to play a good concentric guiding role during rotation.

[0021] 6) The grinding trough, from top to bottom, consists of an upper cylindrical section, a middle cylindrical section, and a lower spherical section. This not only facilitates sample placement into the lower spherical section but also enhances the grinding effect in conjunction with the grinding balls. Bolts connect the connecting plate to the grinding seat, facilitating removal and installation. Sliders on the left and right sides of the grinding motor slide onto rails on the inner wall of the mounting box, ensuring stability during the motor's lifting and lowering, as well as when driving the grinding seat.

[0022] In summary, the present invention has a scientific principle and is easy to operate. It can detect the gas composition and proportion during the crushing and grinding process of the samples on site. On the one hand, it can provide new ideas for understanding the role of tectonic stress in the coalification process and establish a complete coalification theory; on the other hand, it reveals the source and mechanism of gas production during tectonic coal deformation, and provide a scientific basis for geological prospecting, research on the source of excess gas in coal mines, and prevention and control of coal and gas outbursts. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention; Figure 2 is a schematic structural view of the sampling tank; Figure 3 is Figure 2 bottom view of Figure 4 is a schematic connection view between the gas collection and detection device, the material guiding cylinder and the grinding seat; Figure 5 is a block diagram of the electric control principle in the present invention. Specific Embodiment

[0024] The following further describes the embodiments of the present invention in detail with reference to the drawings and embodiments.

[0025] As Figures 1 - 5 shown, a coal mine on-site sampling and detection method of the present invention includes the following steps: (1) Drill to obtain coal cuttings and / or rock cuttings samples in the coal mine underground, and load the samples into the sampling tank; (2) Pour the samples in the sampling tank into the crushing, grinding and detection device; (3) The crushing, grinding and detection device sequentially crushes and grinds the samples from top to bottom, collects the gas generated by the samples during the grinding process, and detects the components of the collected gas; (4) After the detection is completed, clean the powdered samples after grinding.

[0026] The sampling tank in step (1) includes a cylindrical tank body 1. The outer circle of the upper port of the tank body 1 is threadedly connected with a tank cover 2. The lower port of the tank body 1 is provided with a discharge hopper 3 that is large at the top and small at the bottom and is conical. The discharge hopper 3 is formed by butt-joint combination of a plurality of conical arc-shaped plates 4 with the same structure. The length direction of the butt-joint surface between two adjacent conical arc-shaped plates 4 is along the generatrix direction of the discharge hopper 3. The upper side of each conical arc-shaped plate 4 is hinged to the lower edge of the tank body 1 through a hinge 5. A torsion spring (not shown in the figure) is installed on the pin shaft of the hinge 5. The spring arms at both ends of the torsion spring are respectively pressed against the tank body 1 and the conical arc-shaped plate 4; under the action of the torsion spring, the conical arc-shaped plates 4 are pressed against each other and sealed; a conical arc-shaped groove with the same structure is opened on the inner side of the lower end of each conical arc-shaped plate 4, and all the conical arc-shaped grooves enclose a discharge driving groove 7 that is pointed at the top and thick at the bottom.

[0027] The crushing and grinding detection device includes a horizontally arranged base plate 8, with running wheels 9 provided at the bottom of the base plate 8. A mounting box 10 is provided on the base plate 8, and a vacuum pump 11, a rechargeable battery (not shown), and a PLC controller 51 are provided within the mounting box 10. The outlet of the vacuum pump 11 is connected to the exterior of the mounting box 10. A feeding port is provided at the top of the mounting box 10, and a box cover 12 is provided at the feeding port. The mounting box 10 is provided with a sampling tank top pressure-driven feeder, a crushing mechanism, and a lifting rotary grinding mechanism, arranged in order from top to bottom. The lifting rotary grinding mechanism is connected to the gas collection detection device via a gas collection pipe 13. The PLC controller 51 is connected to the crushing mechanism and the lifting rotary grinding mechanism via signal lines. The rechargeable battery powers the crushing mechanism, the lifting rotary grinding mechanism, the PLC controller 51, and other electrical components. All electrical components in the present invention are explosion-proof.

[0028] The sampling tank top pressure driven feeder includes a plurality of diagonal support rods 14, the lower ends of the diagonal support rods 14 are fixedly arranged on the side wall of the installation box 10, and the upper ends of all the diagonal support rods 14 are fixedly connected to form a conical top 15, and all the diagonal support rods 14 are on the same outer circle of the cone; The crushing mechanism includes two crushing rollers 16 spaced apart from each other, with a crushing gap channel 17 that is transparent from top to bottom between the two crushing rollers 16. The front and rear ends of the crushing rollers 16 are rotatably connected to the front and rear side walls of the installation box 10 through bearings. The front or rear side of each crushing roller 16 is transmission-connected to a crushing motor 53 located outside the installation box 10; a guide plate 18 is provided above each of the two crushing rollers 16 in the installation box 10, and the lower sides of the two guide plates 18 are adjacent to and parallel to the crushing gap channel 17.

[0029] The lifting and rotating grinding mechanism includes an electric push rod 19, a grinding motor 20, grinding balls 21, a material guide cylinder 22, and a grinding seat 23. The electric push rod 19 is vertically arranged. The lower end of the electric push rod 19 is hinged to the bottom plate 8 through a hinge. The upper end of the electric push rod 19 is connected to the bottom of the grinding motor 20 through a pressure sensing sheet 24 (a thin circular pressure sensor). Slideways 25 are provided on both the left and right inner walls of the installation box 10. Sliders 26 that slide along the slideways 25 on the same side are provided on both the left and right sides of the grinding motor 20. The main shaft of the grinding motor 20 is vertically upward and horizontally provided with a connecting plate 27. The grinding seat 23 is arranged on the top of the connecting plate 27. The connecting plate 27 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the grinding seat 23 through bolts. A grinding groove 28 with an open top is formed in the grinding seat 23. The grinding groove 28 includes an upper cylindrical section 29, a middle cylindrical section 30, and a lower spherical section 31. The middle cylindrical section 30 is in the shape of a cone with a larger upper end and a smaller lower end. The diameter of the upper cylindrical section 29 is equal to the diameter of the upper end of the middle cylindrical section. The lower end of the middle cylindrical section 30 is seamlessly connected to the upper end of the lower spherical section 31. The material guide cylinder 22 is vertically arranged. The outer circle of the upper part of the material guide cylinder 22 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the installation box 10 through a connecting rod 6. The grinding balls 21 are fixedly arranged at the lower end of the material guide cylinder 22. The grinding balls 21 extend into the grinding groove 28. A material discharging hole 32 communicating with the grinding groove 28 is formed at the lower end of the material guide cylinder 22. The bottom surface of the material discharging hole 32 is the outer circular surface of the grinding ball 21.

[0030] A guiding ring 33 sleeving the outside of the material guide cylinder 22 is fixedly arranged at the upper port of the grinding seat 23. A sealing ring 34 that is fixedly arranged on the inner circle of the guiding ring 33 and is in sliding and sealing fit with the outer circle of the material guide cylinder 22 is provided. A guiding four-sided pyramid cylinder 35 is arranged between the lower parts of the two crushing rollers 16 and the upper port of the material guide cylinder 22. An installation frame 36 located outside the guiding four-sided pyramid cylinder 35 is provided on the inner wall of the installation box 10. A sealing motor 37 is arranged at the bottom of the installation frame 36. The main shaft of the sealing motor 37 is connected with a sealing plate 38 that is horizontally arranged and used for sealing the upper port of the material guide cylinder 22. The sealing plate 38 is located below the lower port of the guiding four-sided pyramid cylinder 35. An anti-blocking material feeder is arranged in the material guide cylinder 22. The anti-blocking material feeder includes a feeding micro motor 39 arranged in the upper part of the material guide cylinder 22. The outer circle of the feeding micro motor 39 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the material guide cylinder 22 through a radial rod 40. The main shaft of the feeding micro motor 39 is vertically downward and connected with a conveying shaft that is coaxial with the material guide cylinder 22. A spiral blade 41 is arranged on the outer circle of the conveying shaft. A guiding cone 42 with a pointed upper end and a thick lower end is arranged at the upper end of the feeding micro motor 39. A plurality of transparent observation windows are arranged at the front side of the installation box 10 at intervals from top to bottom. A cleaning door 43 corresponding to the grinding seat 23 horizontally is arranged at the right side of the installation box 10.

[0031] The gas collection detection device includes a gas collecting pipe 13, a touch screen display 52, a gas storage tank 44 and a mining gas detector 45. A pipe joint 46 is provided on the upper side of the material guide cylinder 22. The air inlet of the gas collecting pipe 13 is connected to the pipe joint 46, and the air outlet of the gas collecting pipe 13 is connected to the air inlet of the gas storage tank 44. An air pump 47 and a first solenoid valve 48 are provided on the gas collecting pipe 13. The detection port of the mining gas detector 45 is connected to the air outlet of the gas storage tank 44 through a detection tube 49. A second solenoid valve 50 is provided on the detection tube 49. The touch screen display 52 is provided on the front side outside the installation box 10. The PLC controller 51 is connected to the touch screen display 52 for bidirectional signals. The output end of the PLC controller 51 is respectively connected to the vacuum pump 11, the crushing motor 53, the electric push rod 19, the grinding motor 20, the sealing motor 37, the pressure sensing plate 24, the air pump 47, the first solenoid valve 48 and the second solenoid valve 50. The signal output end of the mining gas detector 45 is connected to the signal input end of the touch screen display 52.

[0032] The specific process of loading the sample into the sampling tank in step (1) is as follows: hold the tank body 1, unscrew the tank cover 2, load the coal dust and / or rock cuttings sample in the drill hole into the tank body 1, and then close the tank cover 2.

[0033] The specific process of step (2) is as follows: unscrew the box cover 12, insert the tank body 1 of the sampling tank vertically into the feeding port, insert the conical top 15 at the upper end of the diagonal support rod 14 into the discharge drive groove 7 at the lower end of the discharge hopper 3, the outer diameter of the tank body 1 is equal to the diameter of the feeding port, the tank body 1 blocks the feeding port, operate the touch screen 52, start the vacuum pump 11, and the vacuum pump 11 extracts the air inside the installation box 10. When the vacuum degree in the installation box 10 reaches the requirement, turn off the vacuum pump 11; then press the tank body 1 downward, and the discharge hopper at the lower end of the tank body 1 3 moves downward, the discharge drive groove 7 moves downward along the discharge top, and the multiple oblique support rods 14 generate horizontal thrust on the discharge drive groove 7. The horizontal thrust overcomes the elastic force of the torsion spring and opens the discharge drive groove 7 outward. The conical arc plate 4 rotates outward with the pin of the hinge 5 as the fulcrum, and the lower end of the conical arc plate 4 gradually opens to form a discharge port. The sample falls downward from the tank body 1 onto the two guide plates 18 in the installation box 10. After all the samples in the tank body 1 have fallen, the tank body 1 is taken out upward, and the box cover 12 is quickly screwed on to close the feeding port.

[0034] The specific process of step (3) is as follows: Operate the touch display screen 52 to start the crushing motor 53 and the feeding micro-motor 39. The crushing motor 53 drives the crushing roller 16 to rotate. The samples on the two guide plates 18 slide into the crushing gap channel 17 between the two crushing rollers 16 to crush the larger samples. The crushed granular samples fall into the guide four-sided pyramid barrel 35 and then slide into the guide barrel 22. The feeding micro-motor 39 drives the spiral blade 41 to rotate. The spiral blade 41 conveys the granular samples downward and falls into the grinding groove 28 through the feeding hole 32 at the lower end of the guide barrel 22. When it is observed that the samples on the two crushing rollers 16 are completely crushed, the crushing motor 53 is turned off. When it is observed that the granular samples in the guide barrel 22 are completely conveyed downward, the feeding micro-motor 39 is turned off; if the sample is a rock, the sealing motor 37 is started. The sealing motor 37 drives the sealing plate 38 to rotate above the guide barrel 22 to block the upper port of the guide barrel 22; then the electric push rod 19, the grinding motor 20 and the air extraction pump 47 are started, the first solenoid valve 48 is opened, the electric push rod 19 extends to drive the grinding motor 20 and the grinding seat 23 to move upward. At the same time, the slider 26 also slides upward along the slideway 25. The grinding motor 20 drives the grinding seat 23 to rotate through the connecting plate 27. The granular samples inside the grinding seat 23 are ground with the grinding balls 21. When the pressure sensing piece 24 monitors that the pressure reaches the set value, it transmits the pressure signal to the PLC controller 51. The PLC controller 51 issues a stop instruction to the electric push rod 19. The grinding motor 20 continues to drive the grinding seat 23 to rotate. The sample particles inside the grinding seat 23 are ground into powder. The gas generated during the grinding process is pumped into the gas storage tank 44 by the air extraction pump 47 for storage. After grinding for the set time, the grinding motor 20 and the air extraction pump 47 are turned off, the first solenoid valve 48 is closed, the second solenoid valve 50 is opened, the gas in the gas storage tank 44 is conveyed into the mine gas detector 45 for detection. The mine gas detector 45 detects the composition and ratio of the gas and displays the specific data on the touch display screen 52. Finally, the second solenoid valve 50 is closed, the electric push rod 19 is started, and the electric push rod 19 contracts to drive the grinding motor 20 and the grinding seat 23 to move downward to reset, thus completing the gas production detection of the sampling.

[0035] The specific process of step (4) is as follows: Open the cleaning door 43, unscrew the bolt between the connecting plate 27 and the grinding seat 23, take out the grinding seat 23, and pour out the sample powder inside the grinding seat 23; then discharge the gas in the gas storage tank 44 completely.

[0036] The present invention can also close the first solenoid valve 48 and the second solenoid valve 50, store the collected mixed gas in the gas storage tank 44, transport the present invention to the coal mine laboratory above the well, and use instruments such as gas chromatographs and infrared gas analyzers for detection.

[0037] The above embodiments illustrate the basic principles and features of the present invention. However, the above only illustrates the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not limited by the said embodiments. Those of ordinary skill in the art, inspired by this patent, can also make many forms of deformation and improvement without departing from the purpose of the present invention and the scope protected by the claims. These all fall within the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of this invention patent shall be subject to the appended claims.

Claims

1. A method for on-site sampling and testing in coal mines, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: (1) Drilling a hole in a coal mine to obtain coal dust and / or rock cuttings samples, and placing the samples into a sampling tank; (2) Pour the sample in the sampling tank into the crushing and grinding detection device; (3) The crushing and grinding detection device crushes and grinds the sample from top to bottom, collects the gas generated by the sample during the grinding process, and detects the collected gas components; (4) After the test is completed, clean the ground powder sample.

2. The on-site sampling and testing method for coal mines according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sampling tank in step (1) includes a cylindrical tank body, an outer circular thread of the upper end of the tank body is connected to the tank cover, and a lower end of the tank body is provided with a conical discharge hopper which is larger at the top and smaller at the bottom. The discharge hopper is formed by connecting and combining a number of conical arc plates with the same structure. The length direction of the connecting surface between two adjacent conical arc plates is along the main line direction of the discharge hopper. The upper side of each conical arc plate is hinged to the lower end edge of the tank body through a hinge. A torsion spring is installed on the pin of the hinge. The spring arms at both ends of the torsion spring are respectively pressed against the tank body and the conical arc plate; under the action of the torsion spring, the conical arc plates are pressed against each other and sealed; a conical arc groove with the same structure is opened on the inner side of the lower end of each conical arc plate, and all the conical arc grooves are enclosed to form a discharge drive groove with a pointed top and a thick bottom.

3. A method for on-site sampling and testing in coal mines according to claim 2, characterized in that: The crushing and grinding detection device includes a horizontally arranged base plate, a walking wheel is provided at the bottom of the base plate, an installation box is provided on the base plate, a vacuum pump, a rechargeable battery and a PLC controller are provided in the installation box, the vacuum pump outlet is connected to the outside of the installation box, a feeding port is provided at the top of the installation box, and a box cover is provided at the feeding port. The installation box is provided with a sampling tank top pressure-driven feeder, a crushing mechanism and a lifting and rotating grinding mechanism from top to bottom. The lifting and rotating grinding mechanism is connected to the gas collection detection device through a gas collecting pipe, and the PLC controller is controlled and connected to the crushing mechanism and the lifting and rotating grinding mechanism through signal lines.

4. A coal mine on-site sampling and testing method according to claim 3, characterized in that: The sampling tank top pressure driven feeder includes a plurality of diagonal support rods, the lower ends of which are fixed on the side wall of the installation box, and the upper ends of all the diagonal support rods are fixedly connected to form a conical top, and all the diagonal support rods are on the same outer circle of the cone; The crushing mechanism includes two crushing rollers arranged at intervals on the left and right, with a crushing gap channel that is transparent from top to bottom between the two crushing rollers. The front and rear ends of the crushing rollers are rotatably connected to the front and rear side walls of the installation box through bearings. The front or rear side of each crushing roller is transmission-connected to a crushing motor located outside the installation box; a guide plate is provided above each of the two crushing rollers in the installation box, and the lower sides of the two guide plates are adjacent to and parallel to the crushing gap channel.

5. A method for on-site sampling and testing in a coal mine according to claim 4, characterized in that: The lifting and rotating grinding mechanism includes an electric push rod, a grinding motor, grinding balls, a feeding cylinder and a grinding seat. The electric push rod is vertically arranged. The lower end of the electric push rod is provided on the bottom plate through a hinge. The upper end of the electric push rod is connected to the bottom of the grinding motor through a pressure sensing sheet. Slide ways are provided on both the left inner wall and the right inner wall of the installation box. Sliders sliding along the slide ways on the same side are provided on both the left and right sides of the grinding motor. The main shaft of the grinding motor is vertically upward and horizontally provided with a connecting plate. The grinding seat is arranged on the top of the connecting plate. The connecting plate is fixedly connected to the bottom of the grinding seat through bolts. A grinding groove with an open top is opened in the grinding seat. The grinding groove includes an upper cylindrical section, a middle cylindrical section and a lower spherical section. The middle cylindrical section is in the shape of a cone with a larger upper part and a smaller lower part. The diameter of the upper cylindrical section is equal to the upper end diameter of the middle cylindrical section. The lower end of the middle cylindrical section is seamlessly connected to the upper end of the lower spherical section. The feeding cylinder is vertically arranged. The outer circle of the upper part of the feeding cylinder is fixedly connected to the inner side wall of the installation box through a connecting rod. The grinding balls are fixedly arranged at the lower end of the feeding cylinder. The grinding balls extend into the grinding groove. A feeding hole communicating with the grinding groove is opened at the lower end of the feeding cylinder. The bottom surface of the feeding hole is the outer circular surface of the grinding ball.

6. A method for on-site sampling and testing in coal mines according to claim 5, characterized in that: A guiding ring sleeving the outside of the feeding cylinder is fixedly arranged at the upper port of the grinding seat. A sealing ring that is fixedly arranged on the inner circle of the guiding ring and is in sliding and sealing fit with the outer circle of the feeding cylinder is provided. A feeding four-sided pyramid cylinder is arranged between the lower parts of the two crushing rollers and the upper port of the feeding cylinder. An installation frame located outside the feeding four-sided pyramid cylinder is provided on the inner wall of the installation box. A sealing motor is provided at the bottom of the installation frame. The main shaft of the sealing motor is connected with a sealing plate that is horizontally arranged and used for blocking the upper port of the feeding cylinder. The sealing plate is located below the lower port of the feeding four-sided pyramid cylinder. An anti-blocking feeding device is arranged in the feeding cylinder. The anti-blocking feeding device includes a feeding micro motor arranged in the upper part of the feeding cylinder. The outer circle of the feeding micro motor is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the feeding cylinder through a radial rod. The main shaft of the feeding micro motor is vertically downward and connected with a conveying shaft coaxial with the feeding cylinder. A spiral blade is arranged on the outer circle of the conveying shaft. A guiding cone with a pointed upper part and a thick lower part is arranged at the upper end of the feeding micro motor. A plurality of transparent observation windows are arranged at intervals from top to bottom on the front side of the installation box. A cleaning door corresponding to the grinding seat horizontally is arranged on the right side of the installation box.

7. The on-site sampling and testing method for coal mines according to claim 6, characterized in that: The gas collection and detection device includes a gas collection pipe, a touch display screen, a gas storage tank and a mine gas detector. A pipe joint is arranged on the upper side part of the feeding cylinder. The air inlet of the gas collection pipe is connected to the pipe joint. The air outlet of the gas collection pipe is connected to the air inlet of the gas storage tank. An air extraction pump and a first electromagnetic valve are arranged on the gas collection pipe. The detection port of the mine gas detector is connected to the air outlet of the gas storage tank through a detection pipe. A second electromagnetic valve is arranged on the detection pipe. The touch display screen is arranged on the front side surface outside the installation box. The PLC controller is in bidirectional signal connection with the touch display screen. The output end of the PLC controller is respectively connected to the vacuum pump, the crushing motor, the electric push rod, the grinding motor, the sealing motor, the pressure sensing sheet, the air extraction pump, the first electromagnetic valve and the second electromagnetic valve. The signal output end of the mine gas detector is connected to the signal input end of the touch display screen.

8. A method for on-site sampling and testing in a coal mine according to claim 7, characterized in that: The specific process of loading the sample into the sampling tank in step (1) is as follows: Hold the tank body by hand, unscrew the tank cover, load the coal chips and / or rock chips sample in the drill hole into the tank body, and then close the tank cover.

9. The on-site sampling and testing method for coal mines according to claim 7, characterized in that: The specific process of step (2) is as follows: unscrew the box cover, insert the tank body of the sampling tank vertically into the feeding port, insert the conical top of the upper end of the diagonal support rod into the discharge drive groove at the lower end of the discharge hopper, the outer diameter of the tank body is equal to the diameter of the feeding port, the tank body blocks the feeding port, operate the touch screen, start the vacuum pump, and the vacuum pump extracts the air inside the installation box. When the vacuum degree in the installation box reaches the requirement, turn off the vacuum pump; then press the tank body downward, and the discharge hopper at the lower end of the tank body moves downward. The discharge drive trough moves downward along the discharge top, and multiple oblique support rods generate horizontal thrust on the discharge drive trough. The horizontal thrust overcomes the elastic force of the torsion spring and pushes the discharge drive trough outward. The conical arc plate rotates outward with the pin of the hinge as the fulcrum, and the lower end of the conical arc plate gradually opens to form a discharge port. The sample falls downward from the tank body onto the two guide plates in the installation box; after all the samples in the tank body fall down, the tank body is taken out upward, and the box cover is quickly screwed on to close the feeding port.

10. A coal mine on-site sampling and testing method according to claim 7, characterized in that: The specific process of step (3) is as follows: operate the touch screen to start the crushing motor and the feeding micro motor, the crushing motor drives the crushing roller to rotate, the samples on the two guide plates slide into the crushing gap channel between the two crushing rollers, and the larger pieces of samples are crushed. The crushed granular samples fall into the guide quadrangular pyramid cylinder and then slide into the guide cylinder. The feeding micro motor drives the spiral blade to rotate, and the spiral blade transports the granular samples downward and falls into the grinding trough through the discharge hole at the lower end of the guide cylinder. When it is observed that the samples on the two crushing rollers are crushed, the crushing motor is turned off. When it is observed that the granular samples in the guide cylinder are transported downward, the feeding micro motor is turned off. If the sample is rock, start the sealing motor, which drives the sealing plate to rotate above the guide barrel to seal the upper port of the guide barrel; then start the electric push rod, grinding motor and vacuum pump, open the first solenoid valve, and extend the electric push rod to drive the grinding motor and grinding seat to move upward. At the same time, the slider also slides upward along the slideway. The grinding motor drives the grinding seat to rotate through the connecting plate, and the granular sample inside the grinding seat is ground with the grinding balls. When the pressure sensor detects that the pressure reaches the set value, it transmits the pressure signal to the PLC controller, and the PLC controller sends a stop command to the electric push rod, and the grinding motor Continue to drive the grinding seat to rotate, and the sample particles inside the grinding seat are ground into powder. The gas generated during the grinding process is pumped into the gas tank by the vacuum pump for storage. After grinding for the set time, turn off the grinding motor and the vacuum pump, close the first solenoid valve, open the second solenoid valve, and the gas in the gas tank is transported to the mining gas detector for detection. The mining gas detector detects the composition and proportion of the gas and displays the specific data on the touch screen. Finally, close the second solenoid valve, start the electric push rod, and the electric push rod retracts, driving the grinding motor and the grinding seat to move downward and reset, thus completing the sampling gas production detection; The specific process of step (4) is: open the cleaning door, unscrew the bolts between the connecting plate and the grinding seat, take out the grinding seat, pour out the sample powder inside the grinding seat; then discharge the gas in the gas tank.

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