Vapor cloud explosion overpressure calculation method, system, equipment, medium and program product

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of industrial control, in particular to a steam cloud explosion overpressure calculation method, system and equipment, a medium and a program product. According to the method, static data and dynamic data of a target area are obtained, event simulation is carried out, diffusion analogue simulation data representing the leakage dynamic diffusion process of leakage substances corresponding to a target event are obtained, and therefore overpressure calculation is carried out based on the diffusion analogue simulation data; explosion overpressure data representing pressure value distribution of the explosion shock waves at different positions of the target area are obtained, so that the accuracy and efficiency of overpressure data calculation are improved, and chemical production safety is guaranteed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of industrial control, and particularly to a method, system, device, medium, and program product for calculating overpressure in vapor cloud explosion. Background Art

[0002] In the fields of oil refining and chemical production, equipment such as hazardous chemical storage tanks, pipelines, safety valves, pumps, and compressors are the core facilities for storing and transporting materials such as liquefied hydrocarbons and flammable gases. However, due to factors such as long-term pressure operation and medium corrosion, the equipment is prone to problems such as aging and seal failure, resulting in leakage of hazardous chemicals. The leaked substances mix with air to form combustible vapor clouds (such as propylene, liquefied natural gas, etc.), which will trigger vapor cloud explosion (VCE) when encountering ignition sources such as static electric sparks or high-temperature surfaces. The shock wave overpressure generated by it can cause devastating damage to the buildings, equipment, and personnel in the tank area. Therefore, it is necessary to calculate the overpressure value generated by the explosion efficiently and accurately to quantitatively evaluate the explosion hazard range and provide data support for delimiting the safety distance of the tank area and deploying explosion-proof facilities.

[0003] Traditional overpressure calculation methods usually use empirical models to identify hazard sources and screen high-risk scenarios. Not only is the identification accuracy relatively low, but the influence of the actual building cannot be considered, resulting in a large overpressure calculation error. Using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) technology to simulate vapor cloud explosion consumes a large amount of computing resources and is difficult to efficiently process the calculation tasks of a large number of vapor cloud explosion scenarios, with low calculation efficiency.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a method for calculating overpressure in vapor cloud explosion to improve the calculation accuracy and efficiency of overpressure data. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The present invention provides a method, system, device, medium, and program product for calculating overpressure in vapor cloud explosion to improve the calculation accuracy and efficiency of overpressure data, thereby ensuring the safety of chemical production.

[0006] In a first aspect, this application provides a method for calculating overpressure in vapor cloud explosion, the method including:

[0007] Obtain static data and dynamic data of a target area; the static data includes equipment data of the target area and scenario condition data of a target event, and the dynamic data includes environmental data of the target area;

[0008] Based on the static data and the dynamic data, perform event simulation to obtain diffusion simulation data corresponding to the target event; the diffusion simulation data represents the leakage dynamic diffusion process of the leakage substance corresponding to the target event;

[0009] Based on the diffusion simulation data, overpressure calculation is performed to obtain the explosion overpressure data of the target area; the explosion overpressure data includes the distribution of pressure values of the explosion shock wave at different positions in the target area.

[0010] In a second aspect, the present application provides a vapor cloud explosion overpressure calculation system, which includes:

[0011] A data processing module for acquiring static data and dynamic data of the target area; the static data includes equipment data of the target area and scenario condition data of the target event, and the dynamic data includes environmental data of the target area;

[0012] A simulation module for performing event simulation based on the static data and the dynamic data to obtain diffusion simulation data corresponding to the target event; the diffusion simulation data characterizes the leakage dynamic diffusion process of the leakage substance corresponding to the target event;

[0013] An overpressure calculation module for performing overpressure calculation based on the diffusion simulation data to obtain the explosion overpressure data of the target area; the explosion overpressure data includes the distribution of pressure values of the explosion shock wave at different positions in the target area.

[0014] Optionally, the overpressure calculation module is specifically configured to:

[0015] Perform reconstruction calculation based on the diffusion simulation data to obtain the vapor cloud volume of the target area;

[0016] Based on the vapor cloud volume and a preset blocking area division strategy, obtain the explosion overpressure data of each blocking area in the target area.

[0017] Optionally, the simulation module is specifically configured to:

[0018] Determine a three-dimensional model corresponding to the target area based on the static data, and determine simulation parameters corresponding to the three-dimensional model based on the dynamic data;

[0019] Perform leakage diffusion simulation based on the three-dimensional model and the simulation parameters to obtain the diffusion simulation data.

[0020] Optionally, the overpressure calculation module is specifically configured to:

[0021] Analyze and convert the diffusion simulation data to obtain corresponding concentration field data; the concentration field data characterizes the diffusion state of the leakage substance changing with time in three-dimensional space;

[0022] Perform three-dimensional surface reconstruction on the concentration field data to obtain the volume of the vapor cloud.

[0023] Optionally, the overpressure calculation module is specifically configured to:

[0024] Based on the blockage area division strategy and a preset storage tank spacing threshold, divide the target area into blockage areas to determine a plurality of blockage areas;

[0025] Based on the vapor cloud volume of each blockage area and the corresponding explosion source level parameters, obtain the explosion overpressure data of each blockage area.

[0026] Optionally, the overpressure calculation module is specifically configured to:

[0027] Based on the vapor cloud volume of each blockage area, determine the combustion energy corresponding to each blockage area;

[0028] Based on the preset observation point position, determine the similarity distance between each blockage area and the observation point position;

[0029] Based on the explosion source level parameters of each blockage area and in combination with the corresponding similarity distance, determine the explosion overpressure value corresponding to each blockage area.

[0030] In a third aspect, the present application provides a computer device, including a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor. When the processor executes the computer program, the method for calculating the overpressure of a vapor cloud explosion according to any one of the above first aspects is implemented.

[0031] In a third aspect, the present application provides a computer storage medium, in which computer program instructions are stored. The computer program instructions are executed by the processor to implement the method for calculating the overpressure of a vapor cloud explosion according to any one of the above first aspects.

[0032] In a fourth aspect, a computer program product provided by an embodiment of the present application includes computer program instructions. When the computer program instructions are executed by the processor, the method for calculating the overpressure of a vapor cloud explosion according to any one of the above first aspects is implemented.

[0033] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0034] The embodiment of the present application provides a method for calculating the overpressure of a vapor cloud explosion. The method obtains static data and dynamic data of a target area, performs event simulation, and obtains diffusion simulation data representing the leakage dynamic diffusion process of the leakage substance corresponding to the target event. Then, overpressure calculation is performed on the diffusion simulation data to obtain explosion overpressure data representing the pressure value distribution of the explosion shock wave at different positions in the target area, thereby improving the accuracy and efficiency of calculating overpressure data and ensuring the safety of chemical production. Description of the Drawings

[0035] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or related technologies, the following will briefly introduce the accompanying drawings required for the description of the embodiments or related technologies. Obviously, the accompanying drawings in the following description are only those of the embodiments of the present application. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other accompanying drawings can also be obtained based on the provided drawings.

[0036] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of a vapor cloud explosion overpressure calculation system provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0037] Figure 2 It is a schematic flowchart of a vapor cloud explosion overpressure calculation method provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0038] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional model of a tank farm provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0039] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of a comparison distance and explosion source initial level curve provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0040] Figure 5(a) is a schematic diagram of the change of overpressure distance provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0041] Figure 5(b) is a schematic diagram of the comparison of overpressure calculation results provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0042] Figure 6 It is a schematic structural diagram of a computer device provided by an embodiment of the present application. Detailed implementation manners

[0043] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present application clearer and more understandable, the following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts belong to the scope of protection of the present application. Without conflict, the embodiments in the present application and the features in the embodiments can be arbitrarily combined with each other. And although the logical order is shown in the flowchart, in some cases, the steps shown or described can be executed in a different order than here.

[0044] In the description and claims of this application and the above-mentioned drawings, the terms "first" and "second" are used to distinguish different objects, rather than to describe a specific order. In addition, the term "comprising" and any variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive protection. For example, a process, method, system, product, or device that includes a series of steps or units is not limited to the listed steps or units, but may optionally further include steps or units not listed, or may optionally further include other steps or units inherent to these processes, methods, products, or devices. The "plurality" in this application may represent at least two, for example, it may be two, three, or more, and the embodiments of this application do not make limitations in this regard.

[0045] The term "and / or" in the embodiments of this application is merely a description of the association relationship of associated objects, indicating that three relationships may exist. For example, A and / or B may represent: A exists alone, A and B exist simultaneously, and B exists alone. In addition, the character " / " in this article generally represents an "or" relationship between the associated objects before and after.

[0046] It can be understood that in the following specific embodiments of this application, when it comes to data related to chemical processes, etc., when the embodiments of this application are applied to specific products or technologies, relevant permissions or consents need to be obtained, and the collection, use, and processing of relevant data need to comply with relevant laws, regulations, and standards of relevant countries and regions. For example, relevant volunteers can be recruited and relevant agreements on authorizing data of volunteers can be signed, and then the data of these volunteers can be used for implementation; or, implementation can be carried out within the scope of an authorized organization, and the data of internal members of the organization can be used to implement the following embodiments for data management; or, the relevant data used in specific implementation are all simulated data, for example, simulated data generated in a virtual scenario.

[0047] The design concept of the embodiments of this application is briefly introduced below.

[0048] With the development of the chemical industry, a large number of oil refineries have been built in China, and the refining capacity has reached 770 million tons per year, with 26 refinery bases of 10 million tons or more. During the production process, a large number of equipment such as hazardous chemical storage tanks, pipelines, safety valves, pumps, and compressors are required to ensure the normal operation of oil refining operations. However, the long-term operation of the equipment will make these equipment prone to aging and falling off. Moreover, a large number of chemical products in oil refineries are flammable and explosive. Once an accident occurs, it will cause great damage to the equipment, buildings, and personnel in the tank area. In particular, material leakage is one of the most common accidents of equipment such as storage tanks, pipelines, safety valves, pumps, and compressors in hazardous chemical tank areas. It causes a large amount of flammable gas to leak into the surrounding environment. The flammable gas forms a combustible vapor cloud with the air over time and is extremely likely to form a vapor cloud explosion when encountering a fire source. Therefore, it is necessary to efficiently and accurately calculate the overpressure value generated by the explosion to quantitatively evaluate the explosion hazard range and provide data support for the delimitation of the safety distance in the tank area and the deployment of explosion-proof facilities.

[0049] Traditional overpressure calculation methods usually use empirical models to identify hazard sources and screen high-risk scenarios. Not only is the identification accuracy low, but the influence of actual buildings cannot be considered, resulting in a large overpressure calculation error. Using CFD technology to simulate vapor cloud explosions consumes a large amount of computing resources and is difficult to efficiently handle the calculation tasks of a large number of vapor cloud explosion scenarios, with low calculation efficiency. Obviously, there is currently a lack of precise consequence assessment methods for serious domino accidents in hazardous chemical tank areas, and there are many potential risk factors, which will lead to frequent occurrence of dangerous accidents and catastrophic consequences.

[0050] In view of the above problems, the embodiments of the present application provide a method for calculating the overpressure of vapor cloud explosion. This method obtains static data and dynamic data of the target area, conducts event simulation, and obtains diffusion simulation data representing the leakage dynamic diffusion process of the leakage substance corresponding to the target event. Then, overpressure calculation is performed on the diffusion simulation data to obtain explosion overpressure data representing the pressure value distribution of the explosion shock wave at different positions in the target area, so as to evaluate the influence range of the explosion, provide quantitative risk assessment for personnel and equipment in hazardous chemical tank areas, thereby improving the accuracy and efficiency of calculating overpressure data and ensuring the safety of chemical production.

[0051] The following briefly introduces the application scenarios applicable to the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application. It should be noted that the application scenarios introduced below are only used to illustrate the embodiments of the present application and are not limiting. In the specific implementation process, the technical solutions provided by the embodiments of the present application can be flexibly applied according to actual needs.

[0052] The solution provided by the embodiments of this application can be applied to most scenarios for evaluating the risks of material leakage and vapor cloud explosion in chemical engineering scenarios. For example, taking a certain oil refining accident scenario as the research object, in this scenario, the target event is a toxic and flammable gas leakage event, the target area is the corresponding hazardous chemical tank area, the substance stored in the pressure storage tank is propylene, and the embodiments of this application can simulate the event for this target area and target event, calculate the overpressure for the diffusion simulation data, and obtain the explosion overpressure data corresponding to this hazardous chemical tank area, so as to quantitatively evaluate the explosion hazard range and provide data support for demarcating the safety distance of the tank area and deploying explosion-proof facilities.

[0053] Of course, the method provided by the embodiments of this application is not limited to the above application scenarios and can also be used in other possible application scenarios, and the embodiments of this application do not impose any restrictions. The functions that can be achieved by each device in the above application scenarios will be described together in the subsequent method embodiments and will not be elaborated here too much.

[0054] Next, in combination with the above-described application scenarios, the method provided by the exemplary embodiments of this application will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that the above application scenarios are only shown for the convenience of understanding the spirit and principle of this application, and the embodiments of this application are not restricted in this regard.

[0055] First, refer to Figure 1 As shown, it is a schematic structural diagram of a vapor cloud explosion overpressure calculation system provided by the embodiments of this application. The system includes:

[0056] A data processing module, configured to obtain static data and dynamic data of the target area; the static data includes equipment data of the target area and scenario working condition data of the target event, and the dynamic data includes environmental data of the target area;

[0057] A simulation module, configured to perform event simulation based on the static data and dynamic data to obtain diffusion simulation data corresponding to the target event; the diffusion simulation data represents the leakage dynamic diffusion process of the leakage substance corresponding to the target event;

[0058] An overpressure calculation module, configured to perform overpressure calculation based on the diffusion simulation data to obtain explosion overpressure data of the target area; the explosion overpressure data includes the pressure value distribution of the explosion shock wave at different positions in the target area.

[0059] Specifically, the data processing module is mainly used to obtain static and dynamic data of target areas such as hazardous chemical tank farms, including a list of accident scenarios and a three-dimensional computer-aided design (CAD) model of the tank farm constructed based on real tank farm equipment and buildings. The simulation module is used to automatically set leakage and diffusion scenarios and perform simulations according to the scenario list parameters and the CAD model to obtain spatial distribution data of combustible gas concentrations. The overpressure calculation module is mainly used to calculate the volume of the combustible vapor cloud based on the general format data of the combustible gas concentration distribution, and calculate the overpressure distribution data of the tank farm according to the vapor cloud volume and related models.

[0060] In a possible implementation manner, the system of the embodiments of the present application may further include a data conversion module, which is used to convert the binary combustible gas concentration into a general data format convenient for calling according to the simulation results.

[0061] In a possible implementation manner, the system of the embodiments of the present application may further include a data storage module, which is used to connect the data processing module, the simulation module, and the data conversion module, and is used to store the simulation results and general data.

[0062] In a possible implementation manner, the data processing module, the simulation module, the data storage module, the data conversion module, and the overpressure calculation module may be configured with the cloud, such as a cloud-based web page. On the web page, the data of each module of the system is set in sequence, simulations are performed, data extraction and conversion are carried out, the calculation progress information and the overpressure calculation results are viewed.

[0063] Please refer to Figure 2 As shown, it is a flowchart of a method for calculating the overpressure of a vapor cloud explosion provided by the embodiments of the present application. The specific implementation process of this method flowchart is as follows:

[0064] Step 201: Obtain static and dynamic data of the target area.

[0065] In the embodiments of the present application, the target area is an industrial facility area where there is a need for storing or handling hazardous substances. It includes at least one hazardous substance storage or transmission device and has a potential risk of leakage of hazardous substances and formation of a combustible vapor cloud due to equipment failure. The target event represents a hazardous substance diffusion event, that is, the process of uncontrolled release of hazardous substances into the atmospheric environment due to equipment failures (such as seal failure, corrosion perforation). The static data includes the equipment data of the target area and the scenario condition data of the target event, and the dynamic data includes the environmental data of the target area. Among them, the equipment data includes, but is not limited to, data such as the spatial coordinates, geometric dimensions, and connection topology of the storage or transmission equipment in the target area, which can be used to construct a three-dimensional model, define the leakage source location and diffusion path obstacles. The scenario condition data includes, but is not limited to, accident parameters such as the type of leaked substance, leakage aperture, and leakage rate, which can be used to set simulation parameters and drive the diffusion simulation process. The dynamic data is a set of physical quantities reflecting the real-time environmental state of the target area, which is used to dynamically correct the boundary conditions of the diffusion simulation and improve the prediction environmental adaptability. It can be environmental data such as temperature, wind speed, and wind direction monitored in real time, which is used to define the inlet velocity field and temperature field of the simulation and simulate the impact of the real environment.

[0066] Specifically, the target area includes, but is not limited to, chemical raw material storage areas (such as liquefied natural gas storage tanks, benzene liquid warehouses, etc.), high-risk substance transmission pipeline networks (such as oil pipelines, gas main lines, etc.), chemical reaction and rectification device areas (such as reaction kettles, rectification tower clusters, etc.), dangerous goods transportation transfer stations (such as railway tank car loading and unloading areas, port storage and transportation terminals, etc.). Their explosion risks stem from the vapor clouds formed after the leakage of combustible substances. The target events include, but are not limited to, substance leakage events (such as propylene leakage), volatile liquid leakage (such as gasoline storage tank rupture), high-pressure gas jet leakage (such as chlorine pipeline valve failure), dust cloud diffusion events (such as pulverized coal bin dust raising).

[0067] In a possible implementation manner, taking the target area as a hazardous chemical tank area and the target event as a substance leakage event as an example, its static data may include the facility data of the hazardous chemical tank area and the scenario condition data of the substance leakage event. For example, the substance leakage event is the leakage of toxic and flammable gas, the equipment number where the substance leakage event occurs is T12-A, the event type is leakage VCE, the leakage aperture is 88 mm, and the leakage rate is 133 kg / s. The dynamic data may include environmental data such as the on-site environmental temperature, environmental wind speed, and environmental wind direction. For example, the environmental wind direction is northeast, the environmental wind speed is 5.266 m / s, and the environmental temperature is 20 °C.

[0068] In a possible implementation manner, the embodiments of the present application can obtain the corresponding equipment data and scenario condition data according to the ledger data of the target area, and obtain the corresponding environmental data according to the location information of the target area.

[0069] Specifically, taking the hazardous chemical tank area as the target area as an example, in the embodiment of the present application, the tank area facility data can be obtained according to the ledger data of the hazardous chemical tank area, and an accident scenario list and a three-dimensional CAD model of the tank area can be constructed. Among them, the tank area facility data includes the volume and coordinates of each storage tank in the hazardous chemical tank area and other buildings and facilities; the accident scenario list contains the parameters required for the simulation scenario for simulating the target event, that is, the scenario working condition data, which may include parameters such as the stored substance, the equipment number where the accident occurs, the accident type, the leakage aperture, the leakage rate, the environmental wind direction, the environmental wind speed, and the environmental temperature. The three-dimensional CAD model of the tank area is constructed based on the real tank area building data, and the tank area model highly restores the three-dimensional model of the real tank area building.

[0070] Step 202: Perform event simulation based on static data and dynamic data to obtain diffusion simulation data corresponding to the target area.

[0071] In the embodiment of the present application, the diffusion simulation data represents the leakage dynamic diffusion process of the leakage substance corresponding to the target event. For example, the distribution data of the leakage substance concentration over time and space coordinates can be used to quantify the diffusion path, diffusion rate, and the formation range of the combustible vapor cloud. Thus, through the static data and dynamic data of the target area, the embodiment of the present application can perform the diffusion simulation of hazardous substances and obtain the diffusion simulation data characterizing the spatio-temporal distribution of the substance concentration.

[0072] In a possible implementation manner, the embodiment of the present application can determine the three-dimensional model corresponding to the target area and the simulation parameters corresponding to the three-dimensional model through the static data and dynamic data of the target area, so as to perform leakage diffusion simulation through the three-dimensional model and the simulation parameters and obtain the diffusion simulation data of the target event.

[0073] Specifically, the present application can generate a three-dimensional model of the target area according to the equipment structure parameters of the hazardous chemical tank area (for example, storage tank coordinates, pipeline topology, etc.) to define the spatial boundary of the diffusion simulation, and convert the basic static data such as the substance type, leakage aperture, and leakage rate into the source term attributes of the CFD simulation, and set the environmental data such as wind speed, wind direction, and temperature as the initial field and boundary conditions of the CFD simulation, so as to call the CFD solver to solve the mass transport equation and perform diffusion simulation, and output the concentration field data related to time and space. For example, in the embodiment of the present application, the established three-dimensional CAD model of the tank area can be imported through the CFD simulation software program, and a model file library can be established, and the CFD simulation parameters can be set according to the static data and dynamic data, and the CFD solver can be called to perform simulation. Refer to Figure 3 Shown is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional model of a tank area provided by the embodiment of the present application. In the embodiment of the present application, in the CFD software, the corresponding three-dimensional model of the tank area in the model file library can be opened, and according to the equipment number T12-A where the accident occurs (located on the Figure 3In area 14, the top of storage tank T-12A is selected as the leakage location. Since the wind direction is northeast, the leaked substance is likely to drift downwind. The vulnerable point is selected as the adjacent storage tank T12-B, and the grid division range includes the accident equipment, the affected point, and some equipment in the downwind direction. The leaked substance is selected as propylene, the leakage aperture is 88 mm, and the worst-case scenario is selected to set the leakage duration to 500 s. In this way, this application can perform simulation by calling a CFD solver to obtain diffusion simulation data NFMOLE including the concentration distribution data formed in space after leakage diffusion, such as the concentration field (NFMOLE field) of propylene in the three-dimensional model of the tank farm, which reflects the diffusion path and concentration gradient change of the vapor cloud within a certain time after leakage.

[0074] In a possible implementation manner, the diffusion simulation data obtained by simulation is binary data, which contains multiple physical quantities, such as data with pressure and concentration data coupled together, and is not convenient for data operation. Therefore, the embodiments of this application can also extract and convert the binary diffusion simulation data, convert the binary simulation mode data into a general data format convenient for calling, realize the separation of physical quantities and the conversion of number systems, facilitate further operation and analysis, and thus perform overpressure calculation on the converted diffusion simulation data to improve the calculation efficiency.

[0075] Specifically, this application can call a CFD configuration conversion program, select the storage path of the CFD simulation result data file r3010100.dat3, and select the data range of the x1, x2, y1, y2, z1, z2 parameter settings in the simulation calculation domain. Among them, x1 represents the minimum value in the x-axis direction in the space coordinate, x2 represents the maximum value in the x-axis direction in the space coordinate, and the parameter settings of the y-axis and z-axis are the same. The physical quantity to be extracted is selected as the concentration data NFMOLE. In this way, after the data conversion is completed, A3 file data will be formed and named a3010100.NFMOLE with the CFD work serial number and the physical quantity, and saved in the data storage module. Further, this application can also convert the A3 data into Feather data. Select the a3010100.NFMOLE data file through the data path in the data storage module, then traverse the A3 file to obtain the space coordinates of the x, y, and z axes in the simulation calculation domain, and search for the physical quantity NFMOLE data of each frame in the space coordinates in the order of time frames, and sort the NFMOLE data in the space coordinates according to the time series to obtain the NFMOLE data of each point in the space coordinates in the simulation calculation domain changing with time. Name each column of the data as X, Y, Z, T, NFMOLE respectively, and use the Pandas function to save the data as Feather data format named NFMOLE.feather.

[0076] In a possible implementation, in the embodiment of the present application, propylene can be set as the name of the leakage substance, the parameter min is set to 0.02 to show the lower limit of the data concentration, the parameter max is set to 0.11 to show the upper limit of the data concentration, the parameter index is set to 1200 as the indexing moment, the parameter path is the path of the scenario file, and NFMOLE.feather is set as the name of the file to be converted. In this way, under a certain path of the system, the interface receives the file path path and the file name NFMOLE.feather, and obtains the Feather data to be converted, and filters out the data that affects the accident according to the upper and lower limit parameters of the substance concentration. It is worth mentioning that the upper and lower limits of the concentration of the leakage substance represent the concentration within the explosion limit range. The explosion limit range of each leakage substance is different, and only the concentration within the explosion limit range can be ignited. For example, if the concentration is too high, the oxygen content is low and it cannot be ignited. On the contrary, if the concentration is too low, there is too little combustible material and it cannot be ignited. Similarly, the indexing moment is not limited to the example values in the above embodiments. In the embodiment of the present application, the moment after the steady state of the substance concentration region can be taken as the indexing moment, or it can be flexibly set according to actual needs.

[0077] In this way, the embodiment of the present application can set the data range of the NFMOLE physical quantity according to the explosion limit range of propylene, so as to filter out the data that affects the accident scenario. Specifically, a certain frame of data in the NFMOLE.feather data can be read in chronological order and converted into JSON data. The time (T) of each frame of data is the same. Therefore, the data of each coordinate point in the spatial coordinates is saved as a list in the order of X, Y, Z, T, NFMOLE, and the NFMOLE physical quantities of multiple coordinate points in the spatial calculation domain are saved as a nested list, which can represent the physical quantity change of each coordinate point in the spatial calculation domain at the same moment. The JSON data is named with the work serial number 010100 and saved in the JSON data format in the data storage module.

[0078] Step 203: Perform overpressure calculation based on the diffusion simulation data to obtain the explosion overpressure data of the target area.

[0079] In the embodiment of the present application, the explosion overpressure data includes the pressure value distribution of the explosion shock wave at different positions in the target area. In this way, through the explosion overpressure data, the overpressure risk area can be determined and the safety distance can be clarified, so as to provide data support for the safety of chemical production and improve the safety of chemical production.

[0080] In a possible implementation, the embodiment of the present application can perform reconstruction calculation according to the diffusion simulation data to obtain the volume of the vapor cloud in the target area, and obtain the explosion overpressure data of each blockage area in the target area through the volume of the vapor cloud and the preset blockage area division strategy.

[0081] Specifically, in the embodiments of the present application, the vapor cloud volume of the target area can be calculated through diffusion simulation data, that is, the total three-dimensional space distribution of the leaked substance within the explosion limit concentration range. Then, according to the preset blocking area division strategy, for example, when the distance between adjacent storage tanks does not exceed 20 meters, they are merged into the same blocking area, the target area is divided into multiple blocking areas, that is, explosion impact sub-areas, and the vapor cloud volume in each blocking area is extracted. Thus, by invoking an explosion energy model, such as the multi-energy method of the Netherlands Organisation for Applied Scientific Research (TNO), and combining the vapor cloud volumes of each blocking area, the explosion overpressure data of each blocking area is calculated, and the pressure values of the explosion shock wave at different spatial positions are output.

[0082] In a possible implementation manner, the embodiments of the present application can parse and convert the diffusion simulation data to obtain concentration field data representing the diffusion state of the leaked substance changing with time in three-dimensional space, so as to perform three-dimensional surface reconstruction on the concentration data to obtain the vapor cloud volume of the target area.

[0083] Specifically, the present application can parse the binary concentration field file in the diffusion simulation data, extract the spatio-temporal coordinates and the corresponding concentration values of the leaked substance, filter the data outside the explosion limit, and generate a structured point cloud data set. Then, a three-dimensional voxel grid is created through the point cloud data, the coordinate points with a concentration not less than the lower explosion limit are mapped to the voxel grid and the covered area is marked, the Marching Cubes algorithm is used to extract the isosurface of the voxel grid (i.e., the threshold is equal to the lower explosion limit), and a three-dimensional surface model is reconstructed through triangular patches. The tetrahedral volume integration is performed on the vertex coordinates of the triangular patches, and after accumulation, it is multiplied by the volume of a single voxel to finally obtain the actual volume of the vapor cloud, which reflects the spatial distribution of the combustible vapor cloud within the explosion limit concentration range and can quantify the energy release area effectively participating in the explosion.

[0084] In a possible implementation, the embodiments of the present application can find the corresponding path through the file name 010100, read the point cloud data in the JSON file, and convert the data into a numpy array. Then, a three-dimensional boolean array voxels with a resolution of 2360×2360×2360 is created to represent the voxel grid, and all elements are False in the initial state. The voxel size is set to 2, and each coordinate point of the point cloud data is mapped to the voxel grid coordinates through the normalization and voxelization processes, and the corresponding positions of the point cloud data points in the voxel grid are marked as True, indicating that these positions are covered by the point cloud data. Moreover, the Marching Cubes algorithm is used to process the voxel grid, which is divided into multiple cubic cells with a size of 2×2×2, and each cell consists of 8 vertices. The occupancy states of the 8 vertices of each cubic cell are encoded, and the encoded values are used to look up the predefined topology table, indicating the topology of the isosurface within the cell and the distribution of the intersection points of the isosurface with the cell edges. The intersection point coordinates are calculated by linear interpolation, and the intersection points are connected into triangular patches to reconstruct a three-dimensional geometric model that conforms to the isosurface. In this way, after the model reconstruction is completed, the volume of each tetrahedron formed by the triangles can be calculated according to the vertex coordinates of the triangular patches, and the volumes of all tetrahedrons are accumulated to obtain the volume of the entire model. The calculated volume is multiplied by the volume of the voxel cell to obtain the true volume of the three-dimensional point cloud.

[0085] In a possible implementation, the embodiments of the present application can divide the target area into blocked areas through a blocked area division strategy and a preset storage tank spacing threshold, determine multiple blocked areas, and obtain the explosion overpressure data of each blocked area through the steam cloud volume of each blocked area and the corresponding explosion source level parameter.

[0086] Specifically, the embodiments of the present application can divide the target area into blocked areas according to a preset storage tank spacing threshold (for example, 20 meters), that is, when the minimum distance between two storage tanks or buildings is less than or equal to the threshold, the areas to which they belong are merged into the same blocked area, and the boundary coordinates of the blocked area are marked. Then, the steam cloud volume in each blocked area is extracted through a three-dimensional CAD model, combined with the explosion source level parameter, which can be determined by looking up a table according to the obstacle density and constraint conditions in the blocked area, and the TNO model is called to calculate the explosion overpressure data.

[0087] In a possible implementation, when the embodiments of the present application divide the blocked area, one blocked area may contain one or more device areas (tank areas). When the minimum distance between 2 device areas (tank areas) does not exceed 20m, it is divided into one explosion blocked area. In this way, according to the three-dimensional CAD model data of the tank area in the basic data module, the tank area can be divided into multiple blocked areas (for example, Figure 3The four blocked areas shown (blocked area 12, blocked area 13, blocked area 14, and blocked area 15), and mark the boundary space coordinates of each blocked area. Set the observation points in the x, y plane, such as (550, 500). Then, based on the spatial coordinate distribution data of the vapor cloud formed by the leaked substance and the boundary space coordinates of the blocked area, determine the part of the vapor cloud located within the blocked area. Thus, according to the ignition energy, the degree of blockage of the target area, and the constraint conditions, determine the intensity level of the explosion source in each blocked area. The selection of the explosion source level can be as shown in the qualitative judgment analysis table in Table 1 below:

[0088]

[0089] As shown in Table 1 above, an ignition energy less than 100 MJ is a weak ignition energy. Static electricity, electrical switch power adjustment, sparks caused by motor startup, and the surface of high-temperature objects existing in general industrial sites can all serve as ignition sources, and such ignition sources are called weak ignition sources. In the blocked area, when the ratio of the volume of the blocking object to the total volume of the blocked area is greater than 30%, and the distance between the blocking objects does not exceed 3 m, it is a strong blocked area. Meeting one of the above conditions is a weak blockage degree, and not meeting either condition is no blockage (no blockage exists). Being constrained by other walls outside the ground is a constrained condition (constraint exists), and in other cases, there is no constrained condition;

[0090] Specifically, in this application, the calculated volume of the vapor cloud in the 12th blocked area is 7,637 cubic meters, the volume of the vapor cloud in the 13th blocked area is 46,547 cubic meters, the volume of the vapor cloud in the 14th blocked area is 9,452 cubic meters, and the volume of the vapor cloud in the 15th blocked area is 3,846 cubic meters. Determine the initial intensity level of the explosion source according to the ignition energy, the degree of blockage of the area, and the degree of constraint at the explosion source coordinates. An ignition energy less than 100 MJ is a weak ignition energy, and it is a weak ignition source in general industrial sites. This time, a weak ignition source is selected. Due to the presence of equipment walls above the ground, this time, the case of a constrained condition is selected. After importing the 3D CAD model of the tank farm into the CFD software, the spatial coordinate distribution of each building equipment in the tank farm can be obtained, thereby calculating the ratio of the volume of the blocking object in each blocked area to the total volume of the blocked area, and the distance between each blocking object in the blocked area, and judging the degree of blockage of the explosion source and saving the data on the degree of blockage of each explosion source. In this way, through calculation, it can be determined that the 12th area is strongly blocked, the 13th area has no blockage, the 14th area has no blockage, and the 15th area is strongly blocked. Then, according to the explosion source initial level selection rules in Table 1 above, it can be determined that the initial level of the explosion source in the 12th area is 2, the initial level of the explosion source in the 13th area is 0, the initial level of the explosion source in the 14th area is 0, and the initial level of the explosion source in the 15th area is 2.

[0091] In a possible implementation manner, after the steam cloud volume and the corresponding explosion source level parameters of each blocking area are determined in the embodiments of the present application, the explosion overpressure data of each blocking area can be calculated.

[0092] Specifically, the combustion energy of the fuel-air mixture in each blocking area can be calculated according to the steam cloud volume. The specific combustion energy E formula is as follows:

[0093] E = V s × 3.5 × 10 6

[0094] where V s represents the steam cloud volume of the corresponding blocking area.

[0095] Next, the observation point position coordinates can be set according to the risk point position or the position customarily expected to be observed, and the distances R from the observation point coordinates to each blocking area can be calculated to calculate the comparison distance The specific calculation is as follows:

[0096]

[0097] where P0 represents the ambient pressure, and the unit is Pa.

[0098] Reference Figure 4 As shown in the schematic diagram of a comparison distance and an explosion source initial level curve provided by the embodiments of the present application, the ordinate represents the comparison explosion overpressure, and the abscissa represents the comparison distance. Among them, Figure 4 the 10 curves respectively represent 10 kinds of explosion source initial levels. Through program fitting in the present application, the discrete data of each explosion source initial level from level 1 to level 10 can be obtained, and 10 lists are used to store the comparison distance data, and 10 lists are used to store the comparison explosion overpressure data and are sorted in order of level. Each group of comparison distance lists and comparison explosion overpressure lists represents an explosion source initial level curve.

[0099] In this way, the corresponding level curve data can be selected through the determined explosion source initial level, and the calculated comparison distance is compared with the data in the comparison list of the corresponding level, so as to determine the comparison distance closest to the one in the list, and obtain the comparison distance and comparison explosion overpressure of each blocking area.

[0100] According to the relationship between the comparison explosion overpressure of each blocking area and the ambient atmospheric pressure, the overpressure generated by the steam cloud explosion is calculated respectively at the distances from the observation point to each blocking area:

[0101]

[0102] where represents the explosion side overpressure, and p represents the overpressure value calculated after the explosion.

[0103] In a possible implementation manner, according to the above process, the overpressure value of the 12th area calculated in this application can be 803 Pa, the overpressure value of the 13th area is 1127 Pa, the overpressure value of the 14th area is 3457 Pa, and the overpressure value of the 15th area is 257 Pa. If these explosion sources in the blocked areas explode simultaneously, the overpressure values observed at the observation points will accumulate to 5644 Pa. Thus, by repeating the above steps, the overpressure data distribution of multiple observation points can be obtained.

[0104] Referring to Fig. 5(a), which is a schematic diagram of the change of overpressure distance provided by an embodiment of this application, representing the curve of overpressure changing with distance. The vertical coordinate represents the overpressure value calculated by the vapor cloud explosion, and the horizontal coordinate represents the coordinate value of the observation point. The blue curve represents the CFD-TNO model (cfd_tno), the yellow curve represents the Gaussian-TNO model (gaosi_tno), and the blue curve represents the overpressure calculated by pure CFD (cfd). Taking the overpressure value calculated by pure CFD as the reference value, it can be seen by comparison that the embodiment of this application can improve the calculation efficiency while ensuring the calculation accuracy. Referring to Fig. 5(b), which is a schematic diagram of the comparison of overpressure calculation results provided by an embodiment of this application. Fig. 5(b) shows the comparison of overpressure calculation results of another accident scenario calculated by the same calculation method and process. Through the comparison diagrams of multiple scenarios, the operation feasibility of the embodiment of this application can be verified. It can be known that when the overpressure values calculated by pure CFD and the CFD-TNO model are basically the same in calculation accuracy, using the TNO model to calculate overpressure speeds up the overpressure calculation speed and reduces the consumption of calculation resources. According to the curve of overpressure changing with distance and the national regulations on explosion protection, the damage degree caused by the overpressure around the explosion source can be known, so as to determine the protective measures that can be adopted in the hazardous chemical tank area.

[0105] Please refer to Figure 6 As shown, based on the same technical concept, an embodiment of this application also provides a computer device 60. In one embodiment, this computer device can be a device dedicated to calculating vapor cloud overpressure data, or a control device for overall controlling the chemical production process. This computer device is as Figure 6 shown, including a memory 601, a communication module 603, and one or more processors 602.

[0106] The memory 601 is used to store the computer program executed by the processor 602. The memory 601 may mainly include a program storage area and a data storage area. Among them, the program storage area may store an operating system and programs required to run the instant messaging function, etc.; the data storage area may store various instant messaging information and operation instruction sets, etc.

[0107] The memory 601 can be a volatile memory, such as a random-access memory (RAM); the memory 601 can also be a non-volatile memory, such as a read-only memory, a flash memory, a hard disk drive (HDD), or a solid-state drive (SSD); or the memory 601 is any other medium that can be used to carry or store the desired program code in the form of instructions or data structures and can be accessed by a computer, but is not limited thereto. The memory 601 can be a combination of the above memories.

[0108] The processor 602 can include one or more central processing units (CPUs) or be a digital processing unit, etc. The processor 602 is used to implement the above-described overpressure calculation method for vapor cloud explosion when calling the computer program stored in the memory 601.

[0109] The communication module 603 is used to communicate with chemical industry dispatching devices or other control systems.

[0110] In the embodiments of the present application, the specific connection medium between the above-mentioned memory 601, communication module 603, and processor 602 is not limited. In the embodiments of the present application Figure 6 it is described that the memory 601 and the processor 602 are connected through a bus 604. The bus 604 is described in thick lines in Figure 6 For the connection manners between other components, only a schematic description is given and is not limited thereto. The bus 604 can be divided into an address bus, a data bus, a control bus, etc. For the sake of convenience of description, Figure 6 only one thick line is used to describe it in

[0111] The memory 601 stores a computer storage medium, and the computer storage medium stores computer-executable instructions. The computer-executable instructions are used to implement the overpressure calculation method for vapor cloud explosion in the embodiments of the present application. The processor 602 is used to execute the overpressure calculation method for vapor cloud explosion in the above embodiments.

[0112] Based on the same inventive concept, the embodiments of the present application also provide a storage medium that stores a computer program. When the computer program runs on a computer, it causes the computer to execute the steps in the overpressure calculation method for vapor cloud explosion according to various exemplary embodiments of the present application described above in this specification.

[0113] In some possible embodiments, various aspects of the vapor cloud explosion overpressure calculation method provided by this application can also be implemented in the form of a computer program product, which includes a computer program. When the program product runs on a computer device, the computer program is used to cause the computer device to execute the steps in the vapor cloud explosion overpressure calculation method according to various exemplary embodiments described above in this specification. For example, the computer device can execute the steps of each embodiment.

[0114] The program product can adopt any combination of one or more readable media. The readable media can be a readable signal medium or a readable storage medium. The readable storage medium can be, for example, but not limited to, an electrical, magnetic, optical, electromagnetic, infrared, or semiconductor system, apparatus, or device, or any combination of the above. More specific examples (a non-exhaustive list) of the readable storage medium include: an electrical connection with one or more wires, a portable disk, a hard disk, a random access memory (RAM), a read-only memory (ROM), an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), an optical fiber, a portable compact disk read-only memory (CD-ROM), an optical storage device, a magnetic storage device, or any suitable combination of the above.

[0115] The program product of the embodiments of this application can adopt a portable compact disk read-only memory (CD-ROM) and include a computer program, and can run on a computer device. However, the program product of this application is not limited to this. In this application, the readable storage medium can be any tangible medium that contains or stores a program, and the computer program included therein can be used by or in combination with a command execution system, apparatus, or device.

[0116] The readable signal medium can include a data signal propagated in a baseband or as part of a carrier wave, which carries a readable computer program. Such a propagated data signal can take various forms, including but not limited to electromagnetic signals, optical signals, or any suitable combination of the above. The readable signal medium can also be any readable medium other than the readable storage medium, and this readable medium can send, propagate, or transmit a program for use by or in combination with a command execution system, apparatus, or device.

[0117] The computer program included on the readable medium can be transmitted by any suitable medium, including but not limited to wireless, wired, optical fiber, RF, etc., or any suitable combination of the above.

[0118] The computer program for executing the operations of this application can be written in any combination of one or more programming languages, including object-oriented programming languages such as Java, C++, etc., and also including conventional procedural programming languages such as the "C" language or similar programming languages.

[0119] It should be noted that although several units or subunits of the device are mentioned in the above detailed description, this division is merely exemplary and not mandatory. In fact, according to the embodiments of the present application, the features and functions of two or more of the above-described units can be embodied in one unit. Conversely, the features and functions of one unit described above can be further divided and embodied by multiple units.

[0120] In addition, although the operations of the method of the present application are described in a specific order in the drawings, this does not require or imply that these operations must be performed in that specific order, or that all of the shown operations must be performed to achieve the desired result. Additionally or alternatively, some steps may be omitted, multiple steps may be combined into one step for execution, and / or one step may be decomposed into multiple steps for execution.

[0121] Those skilled in the art should understand that the embodiments of the present application can be provided as a method, a system, or a computer program product. Therefore, the present application can take the form of a complete hardware embodiment, a complete software embodiment, or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Moreover, the present application can take the form of a computer program product implemented on one or more computer-usable storage media (including but not limited to disk memory, CD-ROM, optical memory, etc.) containing computer-usable program code.

[0122] Although the preferred embodiments of the present application have been described, those skilled in the art can make additional changes and modifications once they learn the basic creative concept. Therefore, the appended claims are intended to be construed to include the preferred embodiments and all changes and modifications falling within the scope of the present application.

[0123] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications to the present application without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application. Thus, if these modifications and variations of the present application fall within the scope of the claims of the present application and their equivalent technologies, the present application is also intended to include these changes and modifications.

Claims

1. A method for calculating the overpressure of a vapor cloud explosion, characterized in that The method includes: Obtaining static data and dynamic data of a target area; the static data includes equipment data of the target area and scenario working condition data of a target event, and the dynamic data includes environmental data of the target area; Performing event simulation based on the static data and the dynamic data to obtain diffusion simulation data corresponding to the target event; the diffusion simulation data characterizes the leakage dynamic diffusion process of the leakage substance corresponding to the target event; Performing overpressure calculation based on the diffusion simulation data to obtain explosion overpressure data of the target area; the explosion overpressure data includes the pressure value distribution of the explosion shock wave at different positions in the target area.

2. The method according to claim 1, wherein The performing overpressure calculation based on the diffusion simulation data to obtain explosion overpressure data of the target area includes: Performing reconstruction calculation based on the diffusion simulation data to obtain the vapor cloud volume of the target area; Obtaining explosion overpressure data of each blockage area in the target area based on the vapor cloud volume and a preset blockage area division strategy.

3. The method according to claim 1, wherein The performing event simulation based on the static data and the dynamic data to obtain diffusion simulation data corresponding to the target event includes: Determining a three-dimensional model corresponding to the target area based on the static data, and determining simulation parameters corresponding to the three-dimensional model based on the dynamic data; Performing leakage diffusion simulation based on the three-dimensional model and the simulation parameters to obtain the diffusion simulation data.

4. The method according to claim 2, wherein The performing reconstruction calculation based on the diffusion simulation data to obtain the vapor cloud volume of the target area includes: Analyzing and converting the diffusion simulation data to obtain corresponding concentration field data; the concentration field data characterizes the diffusion state of the leakage substance changing with time in three-dimensional space; Performing three-dimensional surface reconstruction on the concentration field data to obtain the vapor cloud volume.

5. The method according to claim 2, wherein The obtaining explosion overpressure data of each blockage area in the target area based on the vapor cloud volume and a preset blockage area division strategy includes: Dividing the target area into multiple blockage areas based on the blockage area division strategy and a preset storage tank spacing threshold; Obtaining explosion overpressure data of each blockage area based on the vapor cloud volume of each blockage area and corresponding explosion source level parameters.

6. The method according to claim 5, wherein The obtaining explosion overpressure data of each blockage area based on the vapor cloud volume of each blockage area and corresponding explosion source level parameters includes: Determining the combustion energy corresponding to each blockage area based on the vapor cloud volume of each blockage area; Determining the similarity distance between each blockage area and the observation point position based on the preset observation point position; Determining the explosion overpressure value corresponding to each blockage area based on the explosion source level parameters of each blockage area and in combination with the corresponding similarity distance.

7. A vapor cloud explosion overpressure calculation system, characterized in that The system includes: A data processing module, configured to obtain static data and dynamic data of a target area; the static data includes equipment data of the target area and scenario working condition data of a target event, and the dynamic data includes environmental data of the target area; A simulation module, configured to perform event simulation based on the static data and the dynamic data to obtain diffusion simulation data corresponding to the target event; the diffusion simulation data characterizes the leakage dynamic diffusion process of the leakage substance corresponding to the target event. An overpressure calculation module, configured to perform overpressure calculation based on the diffusion simulation data to obtain explosion overpressure data of the target area; the explosion overpressure data includes the pressure value distribution of the explosion shock wave at different positions in the target area.

8. A computer device, comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor, wherein when the processor executes the computer program, the steps of the method according to any one of claims 1 to 6 are implemented.

9. A computer storage medium, having computer program instructions stored thereon, wherein when the computer program instructions are executed by a processor, the steps of the method according to any one of claims 1 to 6 are implemented.

10. A computer program product, comprising computer program instructions, wherein when the computer program instructions are executed by a processor, the steps of the method according to any one of claims 1 to 6 are implemented.

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