Energy storage battery charging and discharging safety protection system and method

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of electrochemical energy storage, and discloses an energy storage battery charging and discharging safety protection system which comprises an auxiliary loop used for cooling a battery module in a battery pack, a refrigerant flowing through the auxiliary loop and a control module used for controlling starting of the auxiliary loop. The auxiliary loop comprises a composite direct cooling plate which is positioned above a battery module in the battery pack and is used for dissipating heat and cooling the battery module; the composite direct cooling plate comprises at least two layers of direct cooling plates which are attached to each other; the control module is further used for controlling a refrigerant to flow through the direct cooling plate of the corresponding layer according to different heat dissipation requirements of the upper part of the battery cell, and the refrigerant flows through the composite direct cooling plate through the auxiliary loop to dissipate heat and cool the battery module. The invention can ensure uniform temperature distribution in the battery cell, ensure the charging and discharging efficiency, prolong the service life and prevent thermal runaway.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of electrochemical energy storage, and particularly to a charging and discharging safety protection system and method for energy storage batteries. Background Art

[0002] Energy storage batteries mainly refer to battery packs used for storing and releasing energy. The battery pack includes multiple battery modules located inside the battery pack, and each battery module includes multiple battery cells. When the battery pack is operating, that is, during charging and discharging, a large amount of heat is generated by the battery cells inside the battery pack. Currently, a direct cooling plate or a liquid cooling plate is usually provided below the battery module to dissipate heat and cool down the battery cells.

[0003] When the battery pack is operating, the heat of the battery cells is transferred from bottom to top inside the battery cells. Since the direct cooling plate or the liquid cooling plate is located below the battery module, only the lower part of the battery cells is quickly cooled, which easily leads to more heat accumulation in the upper part of the battery cells. The temperature of the upper part of the battery cells is relatively higher than that of the lower part of the battery cells, resulting in uneven temperature distribution of the battery cells. This can easily cause inconsistent chemical reaction rates inside the battery, leading to overcharging / overdischarging of some areas of the battery cells due to high temperature, reducing the overall charging and discharging efficiency. The internal temperature difference of the battery cells can also easily cause different aging rates of the internal materials of the battery, accelerating the overall capacity attenuation and shortening the service life. The area with too high temperature of the battery cells may trigger side reactions inside the battery, release heat and cause a chain reaction, resulting in thermal runaway. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In order to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art, one of the purposes of the present invention is to provide a charging and discharging safety protection system for energy storage batteries, which can ensure uniform temperature distribution inside the battery cells, ensure charging and discharging efficiency, extend the service life, and prevent thermal runaway.

[0005] The technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: A charging and discharging safety protection system for energy storage batteries, including an auxiliary circuit for dissipating heat and cooling the battery modules inside the battery pack, a refrigerant flowing through the auxiliary circuit, and a control module for controlling the start of the auxiliary circuit. The auxiliary circuit includes a composite direct cooling plate located above the battery modules inside the battery pack for dissipating heat and cooling the battery modules. The composite direct cooling plate includes at least two layers of directly cooling plates that are adhered to each other; The control module is also used to control the refrigerant to flow through the corresponding layer of the direct cooling plate according to different heat dissipation requirements of the upper part of the battery cells. The refrigerant flows through the composite direct cooling plate through the auxiliary circuit to dissipate heat and cool down the battery modules.

[0006] Principle of the Technical Solution: Since the composite direct cooling plate in this solution includes at least two layers of directly cooling plates that are fitted together, and the composite direct cooling plate is located above the battery module, and the cooling medium is used to dissipate heat from the battery cells, that is to say, some of the direct cooling plates are close to the upper surface of the battery cells, and some are far from the upper surface of the battery cells, that is, the distances between multiple direct cooling plates and the upper surface of the battery cells are different, so that the battery cells can be accurately cooled according to the temperature of the upper surface of the battery cells. When the temperature of the upper surface of the battery cells is slightly high, the control module controls the cooling medium to flow through the direct cooling plate far from the upper surface of the battery cells. Because at this time, the temperature of the upper part of the battery cells is only slightly high, and the temperature of the cooling medium itself is low, allowing the cooling medium to dissipate heat from the battery cells through the direct cooling plate far from the upper surface of the battery cells can not only prevent the temperature of the upper part of the battery cells from dropping sharply, but also take away the heat accumulated in the upper part of the battery cells, making the temperature distribution inside the battery cells uniform. When the temperature of the upper surface of the battery cells is high, the control module controls the cooling medium to flow through the direct cooling plate close to the upper surface of the battery cells or flow through multiple layers of direct cooling plates in sequence. Because at this time, the temperature of the upper part of the battery cells is high, allowing the cooling medium to dissipate heat from the battery cells through the direct cooling plate close to the upper surface of the battery cells can quickly take away the heat accumulated in the upper part of the battery cells, prevent local overheating of the battery cells, and prevent thermal runaway from occurring.

[0007] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: By providing a composite direct cooling plate located above the battery module, the present invention can not only dissipate heat from the upper part of the battery cells, but also accurately cool the battery cells according to the temperature of the upper part of the battery cells, ensuring that the temperature distribution inside the battery cells is always uniform, thereby ensuring the charge and discharge efficiency, extending the service life, and preventing thermal runaway from occurring.

[0008] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, it further includes a first detection module for detecting the temperature of the upper surface of the battery cells. The first detection module is used to transmit the detected temperature information to the control module. The composite direct cooling plate includes a first-layer direct cooling plate and a second-layer direct cooling plate. The first-layer direct cooling plate and the second-layer direct cooling plate are fitted together, and the first-layer direct cooling plate is located above the second-layer direct cooling plate; When the control module receives the temperature information from the first detection module that is higher than the preset first temperature threshold and lower than the preset second temperature threshold, the control module controls the cooling medium to flow through the first-layer direct cooling plate and starts the auxiliary circuit; When the control module receives the temperature information from the first detection module that is higher than the preset second temperature threshold, the control module controls the cooling medium to flow through the first-layer direct cooling plate and the second-layer direct cooling plate in sequence and starts the auxiliary circuit.

[0009] Beneficial effects: Through the cooperation of the control module, the first detection module, the first direct cooling plate, and the second direct cooling plate, the present invention can accurately take corresponding heat dissipation and cooling measures according to the temperature on the upper surface of the battery cell. For example, when the temperature on the upper surface of the battery cell is between the first temperature threshold and the second temperature threshold, the control module controls the refrigerant to flow through the first direct cooling plate, so that the refrigerant not only dissipates heat from the upper part of the battery cell but also has a certain distance from the upper part of the battery cell. This can avoid excessive heat dissipation from the upper part of the battery cell due to the too low temperature of the refrigerant itself, and can also take away the heat accumulated in the upper part of the battery cell, making the internal temperature distribution of the battery cell uniform; when the temperature on the upper surface of the battery cell is higher than the second temperature threshold, at this time, too much heat is accumulated in the upper part of the battery cell. The control module controls the refrigerant to flow through the first direct cooling plate and the second direct cooling plate in sequence, so that the refrigerant is closer to the upper part of the battery cell, can quickly take away the heat accumulated in the upper part of the battery cell, prevent local overheating of the battery cell, and prevent thermal runaway.

[0010] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the composite direct cooling plate includes a first substrate, a second substrate, and a third substrate that are sequentially adhered. The first substrate and the second substrate are adhered to form the first direct cooling plate, the second substrate and the third substrate are adhered to form the second direct cooling plate. The second substrate and the third substrate are both provided with a flow channel structure for the refrigerant to flow through. The second substrate includes a first inlet and a first outlet that both penetrate the third substrate. The third substrate includes a second inlet and a second outlet; The auxiliary circuit further includes an inlet pipe and an outlet pipe, as well as a first solenoid valve, a second solenoid valve, and a third solenoid valve. The first solenoid valve is respectively connected to the inlet pipe and the first inlet. The second solenoid valve is respectively connected to the first outlet, the second inlet, and the third solenoid valve. The third solenoid valve is respectively connected to the second outlet and the outlet pipe; The control module is also used to control the commutation of the first solenoid valve, the second solenoid valve, and the third solenoid valve; When the control module receives that the temperature information from the first detection module is higher than the preset first temperature threshold and lower than the preset second temperature threshold, the control module controls the first solenoid valve to open the passage connecting the inlet pipe and the first inlet, the second solenoid valve to open the passage connecting the first outlet and the third solenoid valve, and the third solenoid valve to open the passage connecting the second solenoid valve and the outlet pipe, and starts the auxiliary circuit; When the control module receives that the temperature information from the first detection module is higher than the preset second temperature threshold, the control module controls the first solenoid valve to open the passage connecting the inlet pipe and the first inlet, the second solenoid valve to open the passage connecting the first outlet and the second inlet, and the third solenoid valve to open the passage connecting the second outlet and the outlet pipe, and starts the auxiliary circuit.

[0011] Beneficial effects: In the present invention, the control module, the first solenoid valve, the second solenoid valve, and the third solenoid valve can control the flow direction of the refrigerant, so as to precisely control the refrigerant to flow to the first direct cooling plate, or to flow through the first direct cooling plate and the second direct cooling plate in sequence, that is, it can precisely dissipate heat from the upper part of the battery cell according to needs, thereby ensuring uniform temperature distribution inside the battery cell.

[0012] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the auxiliary circuit further includes a fire pipe, one end of the fire pipe is connected to the first solenoid valve, and the other end is located between the second direct cooling plate and the battery cell; When the control module receives that the temperature information of the first detection module is higher than the third temperature threshold, the control module controls the first solenoid valve to open the passage where the liquid inlet pipe and the fire pipe are connected.

[0013] Beneficial effects: In the present invention, the control module, the first solenoid valve, the liquid inlet pipe and the fire pipe cooperate to be able to change the flow direction of the refrigerant, make the refrigerant serve as a fire-fighting medium, make the refrigerant flow directly from the liquid inlet pipe to the fire pipe, and spray it above the battery module to quickly dissipate heat from the battery cell and prevent thermal runaway. After the refrigerant passes through high temperature, it will become a gas, which can quickly dilute the concentration of combustible gas volatilized from the battery cells in the battery pack, reduce the risk of combustion and explosion, and reduce the spread of thermal runaway; the composite direct cooling plate can also serve as a buffer part to prevent the upper surface of the battery pack from being externally squeezed and directly squeezing the battery module.

[0014] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a plurality of partitions arranged along the length direction of the battery module are spaced below the third substrate, the partitions are located between adjacent battery modules and are attached to the corresponding battery modules, and the third substrate, the partitions respectively located on both sides of a battery module, and the upper surface of the battery module form an enclosed space that penetrates through both ends; The fire pipe includes a main pipe and a plurality of branch pipes all connected to the main pipe, and the branch pipes are all located in the corresponding enclosed spaces.

[0015] Explanation: Multiple groups of battery modules are located in the battery pack, and there are gaps between multiple groups of battery modules.

[0016] Beneficial effects: The composite direct cooling plate and multiple partitions cooperate to not only assist in limiting multiple groups of battery modules, making multiple groups of battery modules always a whole, preventing the battery modules from colliding with each other during transportation, but also forming a heat dissipation channel, reducing the heat transfer between battery modules, reducing the formation of local hot spots, improving the heat dissipation efficiency of the battery pack, enabling the composite direct cooling plate to more effectively take away heat, and also enabling multiple groups of battery modules to be a whole, so that multiple groups of battery modules can be installed on the battery pack box at one time, improving the assembly efficiency and reducing the assembly error; the multiple branch pipes are respectively located in the corresponding enclosed spaces, which can accurately and quickly extinguish the fire of the battery cells, quickly dissipate heat and prevent thermal runaway.

[0017] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the auxiliary circuit further includes a fourth solenoid valve, which is respectively connected to the fire pipe, the liquid outlet pipe, and the third solenoid valve; The control module is further configured to control the fourth solenoid valve to change its direction; When the control module receives that the temperature information from the first detection module is higher than the third temperature threshold, the control module controls the fourth solenoid valve to open the passage where the third solenoid valve is communicated with the fire pipe.

[0018] Beneficial effects: Through the fourth solenoid valve of the present invention, the refrigerant in the composite direct cooling plate can be sprayed onto the battery module through the fire pipe. Since there are two layers of direct cooling plates, the direct cooling plates can be used as an internal fire tank at this time, and the amount of internal refrigerant is sufficient, which can quickly increase the amount of refrigerant at the beginning, allowing the liquid refrigerant to cool the battery module, and allowing the gaseous refrigerant to reduce the concentration of combustible gases in the battery pack, quickly suppressing the high temperature of the battery module and preventing thermal runaway.

[0019] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the first solenoid valve, the second solenoid valve, the third solenoid valve, and the fourth solenoid valve are all located between the front end face of the battery module and the front end face of the battery pack box body.

[0020] Beneficial effects: Since there is a gap between the front end face of the battery module and the front end face of the battery pack box body, the space inside the battery pack can be fully utilized, reasonably arranged, and the corresponding functions can be realized without increasing the width or length of the battery pack.

[0021] The second object of the present invention is to provide a method for safety protection of energy storage battery charging and discharging, including the energy storage battery charging and discharging safety protection system described above, and further including the following steps: S1: The first detection module for detecting the temperature on the upper surface of the battery cell transmits the detected temperature information to the control module; S2: When the control module receives that the temperature information from the first detection module is higher than the preset first temperature threshold and lower than the preset second temperature threshold, the control module controls the first solenoid valve to open the passage where the liquid inlet pipe is communicated with the first inlet, the second solenoid valve to open the passage where the first outlet is communicated with the third solenoid valve, and the third solenoid valve to open the passage where the second solenoid valve is communicated with the liquid outlet pipe, and starts the auxiliary circuit; Or when the control module receives that the temperature information from the first detection module is higher than the preset second temperature threshold, the control module controls the first solenoid valve to open the passage where the liquid inlet pipe is communicated with the first inlet, the second solenoid valve to open the passage where the first outlet is communicated with the second inlet, and the third solenoid valve to open the passage where the second outlet is communicated with the liquid outlet pipe, and starts the auxiliary circuit; Or when the control module receives that the temperature information from the first detection module is higher than the third temperature threshold, the control module controls the first solenoid valve to open the passage where the liquid inlet pipe is communicated with the fire pipe. Description of the Drawings

[0022] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a composite direct cooling plate in the charge and discharge safety protection system of the energy storage battery of the present invention; Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the composite direct cooling plate from another angle in the charge and discharge safety protection system of the energy storage battery of the present invention; Figure 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the composite direct cooling plate from yet another angle in the charge and discharge safety protection system of the energy storage battery of the present invention; Figure 4 is an exploded view of the composite direct cooling plate in the charge and discharge safety protection system of the energy storage battery of the present invention; Figure 5 is a schematic structural diagram at position A of the present invention; Figure 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a part of the composite direct cooling plate in the charge and discharge safety protection system of the energy storage battery of the present invention; Figure 7 is a control diagram of the charge and discharge safety protection method for the energy storage battery of the present invention. Detailed implementation manners

[0023] Typical implementation manners reflecting the features and advantages of the present invention will be specifically described in the following description. It should be understood that the present invention can have various changes in different implementation manners, all of which do not depart from the scope of the present invention, and the descriptions and illustrations therein are essentially for illustrative purposes and not for limiting the present invention.

[0024] In the description of the present application, the orientation or positional relationship indicated by terms such as "first", "second", "one side", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the structure referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation to the present application.

[0025] The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings and in conjunction with the implementation manners.

[0026] The reference numerals include: first substrate 1, second substrate 2, first inlet 201, first outlet 202, third substrate 3, second inlet 301, second outlet 302, first solenoid valve 4, second solenoid valve 5, third solenoid valve 6, partition 7, fire pipe 8, main pipe 801, branch pipe 802, liquid inlet pipe 9, liquid outlet pipe 10.

[0027] Explanation: In this solution, a direct cooling plate or a liquid cooling plate for cooling and dissipating heat of the battery module is provided below the battery module of the battery pack.

[0028] Example 1 Energy storage battery charge and discharge safety protection system, including an auxiliary circuit for cooling the battery modules in the battery pack, a refrigerant flowing through the auxiliary circuit, and a control module for controlling the start of the auxiliary circuit.

[0029] As Figure 2 shown, the auxiliary circuit includes a composite direct cooling plate located above the battery modules in the battery pack for cooling the battery modules, a fire pipe 8, a liquid inlet pipe 9, a liquid outlet pipe 10, a first solenoid valve 4, a second solenoid valve 5, and a third solenoid valve 6.

[0030] The composite direct cooling plate includes at least two layers of directly cooling plates that are attached to each other. In this embodiment, the composite direct cooling plate includes a first directly cooling plate and a second directly cooling plate, the first directly cooling plate and the second directly cooling plate are attached, and the first directly cooling plate is located above the second directly cooling plate.

[0031] As Figure 1 shown, specifically, the composite direct cooling plate includes a first substrate 1, a second substrate 2, and a third substrate 3 that are attached in sequence. The first substrate 1 and the second substrate 2 are attached to form the first directly cooling plate, the second substrate 2 and the third substrate 3 are attached to form the second directly cooling plate. Both the second substrate 2 and the third substrate 3 are provided with a flow channel structure for the refrigerant to flow through. As Figure 4 , 5 shown, the second substrate 2 includes a first inlet 201 and a first outlet 202 that both penetrate the third substrate 3. The third substrate 3 includes a second inlet 301 and a second outlet 302.

[0032] As Figure 6 shown, in this embodiment, the flow channel structure includes symmetrically arranged branch channels. The refrigerant passes through the first inlet 201 and the second inlet 301 respectively, and first flows along the center line in the width direction of the battery pack through the branch channels, and then flows in the length direction of the battery pack.

[0033] In this embodiment, a plurality of partitions 7 are arranged at intervals below the third substrate 3 along the length direction of the battery modules. The partitions 7 are located between adjacent battery modules and are attached to the side surfaces of the corresponding battery modules. The third substrate 3, the partitions 7 located on both sides of a battery module respectively, and the upper surface of the battery module form an enclosed space that penetrates at both ends.

[0034] In this embodiment, a bus bar for connecting the electrodes of adjacent two battery cells is provided on the upper surface of the battery cell. The third substrate 3 is located above the bus bar. The plurality of partitions 7 are connected to the battery module and can also provide support for the composite direct cooling plate.

[0035] As Figure 3 shown, the fire pipe 8 includes a main pipe 801 and a plurality of branch pipes 802 that are all connected to the main pipe 801. The branch pipes 802 are all located in the corresponding enclosed spaces. One end of the fire pipe 8 is connected to the first solenoid valve 4, and the other end is located between the second directly cooling plate and the battery cell.

[0036] In this embodiment, the first solenoid valve 4, the second solenoid valve 5, and the third solenoid valve 6 are all two-way three-way solenoid valves.

[0037] In this embodiment, the first solenoid valve 4 is respectively connected to the liquid inlet pipe 9, the first inlet 201, and the main pipe 801. The second solenoid valve 5 is respectively connected to the first outlet 202, the second inlet 301, and the third solenoid valve 6. The third solenoid valve 6 is respectively connected to the second outlet 302 and the liquid outlet pipe 10.

[0038] The first solenoid valve 4, the second solenoid valve 5, and the third solenoid valve 6 are all located between the front end face of the battery module and the front end face of the battery pack box.

[0039] It further includes a first detection module for detecting the temperature on the upper surface of the battery cell. The first detection module is used to transmit the detected temperature information to the control module. The control module is also used to control the commutation of the first solenoid valve 4, the second solenoid valve 5, and the third solenoid valve 6, and to control the refrigerant to flow through the direct cooling plates of the corresponding layers according to different heat dissipation requirements on the upper part of the battery cell. The refrigerant flows through the composite direct cooling plate through the auxiliary circuit to dissipate heat and cool down the battery module.

[0040] When the control module receives the temperature information from the first detection module that is higher than the preset first temperature threshold and lower than the preset second temperature threshold, the control module controls the refrigerant to flow through the first-layer direct cooling plate and starts the auxiliary circuit; Specifically, when the control module receives the temperature information from the first detection module that is higher than the preset first temperature threshold and lower than the preset second temperature threshold, the control module controls the first solenoid valve 4 to open the passage connecting the liquid inlet pipe 9 and the first inlet 201, the second solenoid valve 5 to open the passage connecting the first outlet 202 and the third solenoid valve 6, and the third solenoid valve 6 to open the passage connecting the second solenoid valve 5 and the liquid outlet pipe 10, and starts the auxiliary circuit. In this embodiment, the control module controls the first solenoid valve 4, the second solenoid valve 5, and the third solenoid valve 6 to make the refrigerant flow through the first-layer direct cooling plate.

[0041] When the control module receives the temperature information from the first detection module that is higher than the preset second temperature threshold, the control module controls the refrigerant to flow through the first-layer direct cooling plate and the second-layer direct cooling plate in sequence and starts the auxiliary circuit; Specifically, when the control module receives the temperature information from the first detection module that is higher than the preset second temperature threshold, the control module controls the first solenoid valve 4 to open the passage connecting the liquid inlet pipe 9 and the first inlet 201, the second solenoid valve 5 to open the passage connecting the first outlet 202 and the second inlet 301, and the third solenoid valve 6 to open the passage connecting the second outlet 302 and the liquid outlet pipe 10, and starts the auxiliary circuit. In this embodiment, the control module controls the first solenoid valve 4, the second solenoid valve 5, and the third solenoid valve 6 to make the refrigerant flow through the first-layer direct cooling plate and the second-layer direct cooling plate in sequence.

[0042] When the control module receives that the temperature information from the first detection module is higher than the third temperature threshold, the control module controls the first solenoid valve 4 to open the passage where the liquid inlet pipe 9 is communicated with the fire pipe 8.

[0043] This embodiment can accurately take corresponding heat dissipation and cooling measures according to the temperature on the upper surface of the battery cell. For example, when the temperature on the upper surface of the battery cell is between the first temperature threshold and the second temperature threshold, the control module controls the refrigerant to flow through the first layer of direct cooling plates, so that the refrigerant not only dissipates heat from the upper part of the battery cell, but also has a certain distance from the upper part of the battery cell. This can avoid excessive heat being taken away from the upper part of the battery cell due to the too low temperature of the refrigerant itself, and can also take away the heat accumulated in the upper part of the battery cell, making the internal temperature distribution of the battery cell uniform; when the temperature on the upper surface of the battery cell is higher than the second temperature threshold, at this time, too much heat is accumulated in the upper part of the battery cell, and the control module controls the refrigerant to flow through the first layer of direct cooling plates and the second layer of direct cooling plates in sequence, so that the refrigerant is closer to the upper part of the battery cell, can quickly take away the heat accumulated in the upper part of the battery cell, prevent local heat of the battery cell from being too high, and prevent thermal runaway from occurring.

[0044] Embodiment 2 This embodiment is basically the same as Embodiment 1, except that the auxiliary circuit further includes a fourth solenoid valve. The fourth solenoid valve is located between the front end face of the battery module and the front end face of the battery pack box body. The first solenoid valve 4 is respectively connected to the liquid inlet pipe 9, the first inlet 201, and the main pipe 801. The second solenoid valve 5 is respectively connected to the first outlet 202, the second inlet 301, and the third solenoid valve 6. The third solenoid valve 6 is respectively connected to the second outlet 302 and the fourth solenoid valve. The fourth solenoid valve is respectively connected to the main pipe 801 and the liquid outlet pipe 10.

[0045] In this embodiment, the control module is further used to control the fourth solenoid valve to change its direction.

[0046] When the control module receives that the temperature information from the first detection module is higher than the third temperature threshold, the control module controls the fourth solenoid valve to open the passage where the third solenoid valve is communicated with the fire pipe 8.

[0047] In this embodiment, when the fourth solenoid valve opens the passage where the third solenoid valve is communicated with the fire pipe 8, that is, the second outlet 302 is communicated with the fire pipe 8, so that the refrigerant in the composite direct cooling plate is directly sprayed onto the battery module through the fire pipe 8, which can quickly increase the amount of refrigerant sprayed onto the battery module. At this time, the composite direct cooling plate also serves as a fire extinguishing tank inside the battery pack.

[0048] As Figure 7 shown, the energy storage battery charge and discharge safety protection method includes the above-mentioned energy storage battery charge and discharge safety protection system, and further includes the following steps: S1: The first detection module for detecting the temperature on the upper surface of the battery cell transmits the detected temperature information to the control module; S2: When the control module receives that the temperature information from the first detection module is higher than the preset first temperature threshold and lower than the preset second temperature threshold, the control module controls the first solenoid valve 4 to open the passage connecting the liquid inlet pipe 9 and the first inlet 201, the second solenoid valve 5 to open the passage connecting the first outlet 202 and the third solenoid valve 6, and the third solenoid valve 6 to open the passage connecting the second solenoid valve 5 and the liquid outlet pipe 10, starting the auxiliary circuit to allow the refrigerant to flow through the first layer of direct cooling plates. Or when the control module receives that the temperature information from the first detection module is higher than the preset second temperature threshold, the control module controls the first solenoid valve 4 to open the passage connecting the liquid inlet pipe 9 and the first inlet 201, the second solenoid valve 5 to open the passage connecting the first outlet 202 and the second inlet 301, and the third solenoid valve 6 to open the passage connecting the second outlet 302 and the liquid outlet pipe 10, starting the auxiliary circuit to allow the refrigerant to flow through the first layer of direct cooling plates and the second layer of direct cooling plates in sequence. Or when the control module receives that the temperature information from the first detection module is higher than the third temperature threshold, the control module controls the first solenoid valve 4 to open the passage connecting the liquid inlet pipe 9 and the fire pipe 8.

[0049] The above embodiments are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention and cannot be used to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Any non-substantial changes and substitutions made by those skilled in the art based on the present invention belong to the scope of protection required by the present invention.

Claims

1. Energy storage battery charge and discharge safety protection system, characterized in that: It includes an auxiliary circuit for cooling the battery modules in the battery pack, a refrigerant flowing through the auxiliary circuit, and a control module for controlling the start of the auxiliary circuit. The auxiliary circuit includes a composite direct cooling plate located above the battery modules in the battery pack for cooling the battery modules. The composite direct cooling plate includes at least two layers of directly cooling plates that are bonded together. The control module is also used to control the refrigerant to flow through the corresponding layer of the direct cooling plate according to different heat dissipation requirements of the upper part of the battery cell. The refrigerant flows through the composite direct cooling plate through the auxiliary circuit to cool the battery modules.

2. The energy storage battery charge and discharge safety protection system according to claim 1, wherein: It also includes a first detection module for detecting the temperature of the upper surface of the battery cell. The first detection module is used to transmit the detected temperature information to the control module. The composite direct cooling plate includes a first direct cooling plate and a second direct cooling plate. The first direct cooling plate and the second direct cooling plate are bonded together, and the first direct cooling plate is located above the second direct cooling plate. When the control module receives that the temperature information from the first detection module is higher than a preset first temperature threshold and lower than a preset second temperature threshold, the control module controls the refrigerant to flow through the first direct cooling plate and starts the auxiliary circuit. When the control module receives that the temperature information from the first detection module is higher than the preset second temperature threshold, the control module controls the refrigerant to flow through the first direct cooling plate and the second direct cooling plate in sequence and starts the auxiliary circuit.

3. The energy storage battery charging and discharging safety protection system according to claim 2, wherein: The composite direct cooling plate includes a first substrate, a second substrate, and a third substrate that are bonded together in sequence. The first substrate and the second substrate are bonded to form the first direct cooling plate, and the second substrate and the third substrate are bonded to form the second direct cooling plate. The second substrate and the third substrate are both provided with flow channel structures for the refrigerant to flow through. The second substrate includes a first inlet and a first outlet that both penetrate the third substrate. The third substrate includes a second inlet and a second outlet. The auxiliary circuit also includes an inlet pipe, an outlet pipe, a first solenoid valve, a second solenoid valve, and a third solenoid valve. The first solenoid valve is respectively connected to the inlet pipe and the first inlet. The second solenoid valve is respectively connected to the first outlet, the second inlet, and the third solenoid valve. The third solenoid valve is respectively connected to the second outlet and the outlet pipe. The control module is also used to control the commutation of the first solenoid valve, the second solenoid valve, and the third solenoid valve. When the control module receives that the temperature information from the first detection module is higher than a preset first temperature threshold and lower than a preset second temperature threshold, the control module controls the first solenoid valve to open the passage connecting the inlet pipe and the first inlet, the second solenoid valve to open the passage connecting the first outlet and the third solenoid valve, and the third solenoid valve to open the passage connecting the second solenoid valve and the outlet pipe, and starts the auxiliary circuit. When the control module receives that the temperature information from the first detection module is higher than the preset second temperature threshold, the control module controls the first solenoid valve to open the passage connecting the inlet pipe and the first inlet, the second solenoid valve to open the passage connecting the first outlet and the second inlet, and the third solenoid valve to open the passage connecting the second outlet and the outlet pipe, and starts the auxiliary circuit.

4. The energy storage battery charge and discharge safety protection system according to claim 3, wherein: The auxiliary circuit also includes a fire pipe. One end of the fire pipe is connected to the first solenoid valve, and the other end is located between the second direct cooling plate and the battery cell. When the control module receives that the temperature information from the first detection module is higher than the third temperature threshold, the control module controls the first solenoid valve to open the passage where the liquid inlet pipe communicates with the fire pipe.

5. The energy storage battery charge and discharge safety protection system according to claim 4, wherein: A plurality of partitions arranged along the length direction of the battery module are spaced below the third substrate. The partitions are located between adjacent battery modules and are attached to the corresponding battery modules. The third substrate, the partitions respectively located on both sides of a battery module, and the upper surface of the battery module form an enclosed space that penetrates through both ends. The fire pipe includes a main pipe and a plurality of branch pipes all connected to the main pipe. The branch pipes are all located in the corresponding enclosed spaces.

6. The energy storage battery charge and discharge safety protection system according to any one of claims 4 or 5, characterized in that: The auxiliary circuit further includes a fourth solenoid valve, and the fourth solenoid valve is respectively connected to the fire pipe, the liquid outlet pipe, and the third solenoid valve. The control module is further configured to control the fourth solenoid valve to change its direction. When the control module receives that the temperature information from the first detection module is higher than the third temperature threshold, the control module controls the fourth solenoid valve to open the passage where the third solenoid valve communicates with the fire pipe.

7. The energy storage battery charge and discharge safety protection system according to claim 6, characterized in that: The first solenoid valve, the second solenoid valve, the third solenoid valve, and the fourth solenoid valve are all located between the front end face of the battery module and the front end face of the battery pack housing.

8. Energy storage battery charge and discharge safety protection method, characterized in that: Including the energy storage battery charge and discharge safety protection system according to any one of claims 1-7, the following steps are further included: S1: The first detection module for detecting the temperature on the upper surface of the battery cell transmits the detected temperature information to the control module. S2: When the control module receives that the temperature information from the first detection module is higher than the preset first temperature threshold and lower than the preset second temperature threshold, the control module controls the first solenoid valve to open the passage where the liquid inlet pipe communicates with the first inlet, the second solenoid valve to open the passage where the first outlet communicates with the third solenoid valve, and the third solenoid valve to open the passage where the second solenoid valve communicates with the liquid outlet pipe, and starts the auxiliary circuit. Or when the control module receives that the temperature information from the first detection module is higher than the preset second temperature threshold, the control module controls the first solenoid valve to open the passage where the liquid inlet pipe communicates with the first inlet, the second solenoid valve to open the passage where the first outlet communicates with the second inlet, and the third solenoid valve to open the passage where the second outlet communicates with the liquid outlet pipe, and starts the auxiliary circuit. Or when the control module receives that the temperature information from the first detection module is higher than the third temperature threshold, the control module controls the first solenoid valve to open the passage where the liquid inlet pipe communicates with the fire pipe.

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