Automatic axle distance adjusting device and method for double-shaft underfloor wheel lathe

Abstract

The invention discloses an automatic shaft distance adjusting device and method for a double-shaft underfloor wheel lathe, two machine tools capable of relatively sliding are mounted on a base, two position encoders and two groups of limiting devices are further mounted on the base, the two position encoders are respectively matched with the two machine tools, and the limiting devices are arranged on the two position encoders. The two groups of limiting devices are respectively matched with the two machine tools to move, the numerical control system is in bidirectional internal communication connection with the programmable logic controller, the numerical control system is connected with the output end of the position encoder, axle distances of different train bogie wheel sets are input into the numerical control system, and the numerical control system transmits the input axle distances to the programmable logic controller; and the numerical control system and the programmable logic controller compare the received axle distance data with data fed back by the position encoder to obtain the direction and the distance in which the two machine tools need to move, and send an instruction to drive the two machine tools to move. Two wheel sets of different train bogie axle distances can be machined at the same time, and the machining efficiency of the wheel sets is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of numerically controlled lathes, and in particular to a device and method for automatically adjusting the wheelbase of a dual-axis underfloor wheelset lathe. Background Art

[0002] Currently, the national railways and various city subways operate a wide variety of train types, primarily including the Harmony EMUs CRH1A / CRH1B, CRH2, CRH3, CRH5, and CRH380; the Fuxing standard EMUs CR200J, CR300BF, CR400AF-B, and CR400BF-B; the 22B, 25G, 25K, and 25T passenger cars; and the A, B, and C subway coaches. Due to the differences in the types of passenger cars, the wheelbases between the two wheelsets on their bogies also vary. If two wheelsets on the same bogie are to be machined on a dual-axle underfloor wheelset lathe, the lathe must be capable of adjusting the wheelbases of the corresponding wheelsets; otherwise, simultaneous machining of both wheelsets is impossible.

[0003] Therefore, this requires that the double-axle underfloor wheelset lathe can be arbitrarily (steplessly) adjusted according to the wheelbase between the train bogie wheelsets to be processed, so as to meet the simultaneous processing of two wheelsets of all different wheelbases of different train bogies. Therefore, the wheelbase adjustment of the double-axle underfloor wheelset lathe is a very important and key functional indicator, and is an indispensable component of the double-axle underfloor wheelset lathe for processing wheelsets. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an automatic wheelbase adjustment device and adjustment method for a double-axle underfloor wheelset lathe, so as to realize the simultaneous processing of two wheelsets with different train bogie wheelbases, improve the processing efficiency of the wheelsets, and at least solve one of the technical problems existing in the prior art.

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0006] The present invention provides an automatic wheelbase adjustment device for a dual-axis underfloor wheelset lathe, comprising a base, a machine tool, a position encoder, a limit device, a drive device, a numerical control system, and a programmable logic controller. The base is provided with two machine tools that can slide relative to each other. The base is also provided with two position encoders and two sets of limit devices. The two position encoders are respectively provided in conjunction with the two machine tools, and the two sets of limit devices are respectively moved in conjunction with the two machine tools. The numerical control system is connected to the programmable logic controller for two-way internal communication, and the numerical control system is connected to the output end of the position encoder to display the actual positions of the two machine tools. The wheelbases of different train bogie wheelsets are input into the numerical control system, and the numerical control system transmits the input wheelbase to the programmable logic controller. The numerical control system and the programmable logic controller compare the received wheelbase data with the data fed back by the position encoder to derive the direction and distance in which the two machine tools need to move, and issue instruction information to drive the two machine tools to move via the drive device.

[0007] Furthermore, the driving device includes a wheelbase moving motor, a screw and a nut. The wheelbase moving motor and the screw are installed on the base. The wheelbase moving motor drives the screw to rotate. A nut is sleeved on the screw. The nut is fixedly connected to the machine tool. The wheelbase moving motor is connected to the output end of the programmable logic controller via a driver.

[0008] Furthermore, two driving devices are provided, and the two driving devices are respectively provided corresponding to the two machine tools.

[0009] Furthermore, each set of the limit devices includes two limit protection switches, which are respectively located on the front and rear sides of the machine tool. When the machine tool triggers the limit protection switch during movement, the limit protection switch transmits information to the programmable logic controller, and the programmable logic controller controls the machine tool to stop moving further.

[0010] Furthermore, each group of the limit devices includes two limit sensors, which are respectively located on the front and rear sides of the machine tool. When the machine tool triggers the limit sensors during movement, the limit sensors transmit information to the programmable logic controller, and the programmable logic controller controls the machine tool to stop moving.

[0011] Furthermore, a linear guide rail is installed on the base, and the two machine tools are installed on the two linear guide rails.

[0012] Furthermore, the numerical control system includes an alarm module, and the alarm module is connected to the output end of the numerical control system.

[0013] The present invention also provides an automatic adjustment method for the wheelbase of a double-axis non-drop wheel lathe. By using the automatic adjustment device for the wheelbase of the double-axis non-drop wheel lathe, the method includes the following steps:

[0014] S1. Two position encoders obtain the position information (L1, L2) of the two machine tools and transmit the position information (L1, L2) to the numerical control system.

[0015] S2. Input the wheel pair wheelbase information (L) to be processed into the numerical control system. The numerical control system transmits the input wheel pair wheelbase information (L) to the programmable logic controller. The numerical control system and the programmable logic controller compare the distance information (L1 + L2) between the two machine tools with the wheel pair wheelbase information (L) to be processed, and obtain the direction and distance that the two machine tools need to move.

[0016] S3. When L is not equal to L1 + L2, through the numerical control system and the programmable logic controller, direction control information and movement instruction information are generated, so that one or two wheelbase movement motors start to operate after receiving the direction control information and movement instruction information, causing one machine tool to move or the two machine tools to move synchronously. When L is equal to L1 + L2, the programmable logic controller cancels the direction control information and movement instruction information sent to the two wheelbase movement motors, and the two wheelbase movement motors stop rotating, thus completing the wheelbase adjustment.

[0017] Further, in step S2, an error ΔL is allowed for the wheel pair wheelbase information (L) to be processed.

[0018] Further, in step S3, when L > (L1 + L2 + ΔL), the programmable logic controller sends direction control information and movement instruction information to the wheelbase movement motor, causing the wheelbase movement motor to drive the machine tool to move towards both ends of the base. When (L1 + L2 - ΔL) < L < (L1 + L2 + ΔL), the programmable logic controller cancels the direction control information and movement instruction information sent to the wheelbase movement motor, and the movement of the machine tool bed stops, completing the wheelbase adjustment. When L < (L1 + L2 - ΔL), the programmable logic controller sends direction control information and movement instruction information to the wheelbase movement motor, causing the wheelbase movement motor to drive the machine tool to move towards the middle of the base. When (L1 + L2 - ΔL) < L < (L1 + L2 + ΔL), the programmable logic controller cancels the direction control information and movement instruction information sent to the wheelbase movement motor, and the movement of the machine tool bed stops, completing the wheelbase adjustment.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial technical effects of the present invention are:

[0020] The wheelbase automatic adjustment device and adjustment method of the double-axle wheelless lathe of the present invention can directly input the wheelbases of different train bogie wheelsets into the numerical control system when it is necessary to simultaneously process two wheelsets with different train bogie wheelbases. The numerical control system transmits the input wheelbase to the programmable logic controller. The numerical control system and the programmable logic controller compare the received wheelbase data with the data fed back by the position encoder, and finally obtain the distance that the two machine tools need to move, so that the two machine tools can be moved, which can meet the simultaneous processing of two wheelsets with different train bogie wheelbases, thereby improving the processing efficiency of the wheelsets. The overall structural design of the present invention is reasonable, the degree of automation is high, it is easy to use, and it is suitable for promotion. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0022] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of the automatic wheelbase adjustment device of the dual-axis underfloor wheelset lathe according to Example 1 of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 2 This is a system block diagram of the automatic wheelbase adjustment device for a dual-axis underfloor wheeled lathe according to embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0024] Explanation of the accompanying symbols: 1. Base; 2. Machine tool; 3. Position encoder; 4. Limit protection switch; 5. Linear guide; 6. Wheelbase moving motor; 7. Screw; 8. Nut. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] The following describes embodiments of the present invention in detail. Examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals throughout represent the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are intended only to explain the present invention and are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0026] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "length", "width", "inside", "outside", etc., indicating orientation or positional relationships, are based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they cannot be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0027] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" should be understood broadly. For example, they may refer to fixed connections, detachable connections, or integral connections; they may refer to direct connections or indirect connections through an intermediate medium; they may refer to internal communication between two components or an interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention based on specific circumstances.

[0028] The technical solutions provided by various embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0029] Example 1

[0030] like Figure 1 、 Figure 2 As shown, the wheelbase automatic adjustment device of the double-axis underfloor wheel lathe of this embodiment 1 includes a base 1 and two machine tools 2 that slide relative to each other, wherein position encoders 3 respectively matched with the two machine tools 2 are installed on the base 1, and the device is externally connected to a numerical control system and a programmable logic controller, and the numerical control system and the programmable logic controller are connected in a two-way internal communication. At this time, the numerical control system is connected to the output end of the position encoder 3.

[0031] Specifically, both machine tools 2 slide along the axis of the base 1, and the distance between the two machine tools 2 changes by moving one or both machine tools 2, thereby facilitating the simultaneous machining of two wheelsets with different wheelbases for different train bogies. Optionally, two bases may be provided. When two bases are provided, the two machine tools are slidably mounted on the two bases, respectively.

[0032] In this embodiment 1, the position encoder 3 is used to detect the actual position of the machine tool 2, and transmit the detected position information of the machine tool 2 to the numerical control system, and the position signal of the machine tool 2 is displayed on the numerical control system.

[0033] The CNC system is mainly used to display the actual positions of the two machine tools 2, and input the corresponding wheelbase of the train bogie wheelset to be processed, and transmit the input wheelbase of the wheelset to be processed and the position information of the machine tool 2 to the programmable logic controller.

[0034] The programmable logic controller is mainly used to compare the input wheelset wheelbase data with the position information of the machine tool 2 transmitted by the numerical control system, so as to obtain the direction and distance that the machine tool 2 needs to move, and issue instruction information after comparison to make the two machine tools 2 move.

[0035] At the same time, two sets of limit devices are installed on the base 1, respectively cooperating with the two machine tools 2. Each set of limit devices includes two limit protection switches 4, which are located on the front and rear sides of the machine tool 2. The two limit devices are used to limit the two machine tools 2 respectively. Among them, one limit protection switch 4 in each set of limit devices limits the forward movement of the machine tool 2, and the other limit protection switch 4 is used to limit the backward movement of the machine tool 2, so as to prevent the machine tool 2 from exceeding the travel range during the forward or backward movement. Optionally, the limit protection switch 4 can also be replaced with a limit sensor. In this case, the limit sensor can be a proximity sensor, infrared sensor, etc. When the limit protection switch or limit sensor is triggered during the movement of the machine tool 2, the limit protection switch or limit sensor transmits information to the programmable logic controller, so that the programmable logic controller controls the machine tool 2 to stop moving further.

[0036] Furthermore, linear guides 5 are mounted on the base 1, and both machine tools 2 are mounted on these linear guides 5. The axial direction of the linear guides 5 aligns with the axial direction of the base 1. There are at least two linear guides 5, and the plurality of linear guides 5 are spaced apart along the width of the base 1. To facilitate the smooth sliding of the machine tools 2 along the linear guides 5, sliders are fixedly mounted on the machine tools 2 to cooperate with the linear guides 5. The cooperation between the sliders and the linear guides 5 allows the two machine tools 2 to slide smoothly on the base 1, thereby enabling the simultaneous machining of two wheelsets with different train bogie wheelbases.

[0037] Specifically, the base 1 is further mounted with a rotating screw 7 and a wheelbase shifting motor 6 that drives the screw 7 to rotate. The screw 7 is also sleeved with a nut 8, which is fixedly connected to the machine tool 2. The wheelbase shifting motor 6 is connected to the output of the programmable logic controller via a driver. The wheelbase shifting motor 6 is a forward and reverse rotating motor, and the screw 7 is supported on the base 1 via a bearing seat, which not only ensures the installation of the screw 7 but also enables the screw 7 to rotate fully. The wheelbase shifting motor 6 is fixedly mounted on the base 1, and the output shaft of the wheelbase shifting motor 6 is connected to the screw 7 via a speed reducer. When the wheelbase shifting motor 6 rotates, the wheelbase shifting motor 6 reduces the speed of the speed reducer and drives the screw 7 to rotate. When the screw 7 rotates, the nut 8 is fixed to the machine tool 2, so that the nut 8 cannot rotate and can only move along the screw 7. When the nut 8 moves, the machine tool 2 moves, ultimately achieving the forward or backward movement of the machine tool 2, thereby adjusting the distance between the two machine tools 2 and meeting the requirement of simultaneous machining of two wheelsets with different train bogie wheelbases.

[0038] At this time, the output end of the programmable logic controller is connected to the driver, and the output end of the driver is connected to the wheelbase moving motor 6. The programmable logic controller can control the forward rotation, reverse rotation or stop of the wheelbase moving motor 6, thereby realizing the control of the forward, backward or stop of the machine tool 2.

[0039] Preferably, there are two screw rods 7 and two wheelbase moving motors 6, and nuts 8 are sleeved on the two screw rods 7. The two nuts 8 are respectively fixed to the two machine tools 2, and the two wheelbase moving motors 6 are connected to the output ends of the programmable logic controller through drivers. The two wheelbase moving motors 6 respectively drive the two screw rods 7 to rotate, and the rotation of the two screw rods 7 respectively drives the two machine tools 2 to move, so that the movement of the two machine tools 2 is controlled separately, making it more convenient to control the machine tools 2 in forward or backward movement.

[0040] In this embodiment 1, the CNC system also includes an alarm module, which is connected to the output end of the CNC system. The alarm module is an audible and visual alarm. When the machine tool 2 is moving forward and backward, when the machine tool 2 contacts the limit protection switch 4 or the moving distance of the machine tool 2 exceeds the moving instruction information sent by the programmable logic controller, the programmable logic controller sends an alarm message to the alarm module, causing the alarm module to sound an alarm, so that the operator can be informed of the alarm information in the first time.

[0041] The CNC system also includes a transformer and a switching power supply. The transformer is connected to the mains power output, and the transformer output is connected to the switching power supply, which is then connected to the CNC system. The transformer isolates and transforms the mains power, facilitating power supply to the CNC system and improving its anti-interference capabilities. The switching power supply powers the CNC system, ensuring the normal operation of the CNC system, programmable logic controller, encoder, wheelbase shifting motor 6, and alarm module.

[0042] Among them, machine tool 2 is a double-axis underfloor wheel lathe.

[0043] Example 2

[0044] The method for automatically adjusting the wheelbase of a dual-axis underfloor wheelset lathe of this embodiment 2 uses the aforementioned automatic wheelbase adjustment device for a dual-axis underfloor wheelset lathe, and specifically includes the following steps:

[0045] S1, two position encoders 3 obtain the position information (L1, L2) of the two machine tools 2 and transmit it to the CNC system; specifically, the two position encoders 3 monitor the positions of the two machine tools 2 respectively, and the two position encoders 3 transmit the monitored position information (L1, L2) of the two machine tools 2 to the CNC system. After receiving the position information (L1, L2) of the machine tools 2, the CNC system displays the position information (L1, L2) of the machine tools 2 through the HMI interface, and the CNC system transmits the position information (L1, L2) of the machine tools 2 to the programmable logic controller.

[0046] S2. Input the wheelbase information (L) of the wheelset to be processed into the numerical control system, and compare the distance information (L1+L2) between the two machine tools 2 with the wheelbase information (L) of the train bogie wheelset to be processed.

[0047] S3. When L is not equal to L1+L2, the two machine tools 2 move; when L is equal to L1+L2, the two machine tools 2 stop moving. Specifically, the operator inputs the wheelbase information (L) of the wheelset to be processed to the CNC system through the HMI interface, and the CNC system transmits the wheelbase information (L) of the wheelset to be processed to the programmable logic controller. After receiving the wheelbase data information, the programmable logic controller compares and calculates the received wheelbase information (L) of the wheelset to be processed with the distance information (L1+L2) between the two machine tools 2, and obtains the distance that the two machine tools 2 need to move, so that one machine tool 2 or two machine tools 2 move according to the calculated distance to be moved. During movement, the position encoder 3 on the machine tool 2 transmits the position information (L1, L2) of the machine tool 2 to the numerical control system in real time. The numerical control system transmits the position information (L1, L2) of the machine tool 2 to the programmable logic controller. After receiving the position information (L1, L2) of the machine tool 2, the programmable logic controller calculates the distance information (L1+L2) between the two machine tools 2 and compares it with the wheelbase information (L) of the wheelset to be processed in real time. During the comparison process, when the position information is equal to the data information during comparison, the programmable logic controller cancels the direction control information and movement instruction information sent to the two drivers respectively, so that the two wheelbase moving motors 6 stop driving, thereby stopping the movement of the two machine tools 2.

[0048] Furthermore, in step S3, when L is not equal to L1+L2, the programmable logic controller generates direction control information and movement instruction information. After receiving the direction control information and movement instruction information, one or two wheelbase moving motors 6 start to operate, causing one machine tool 2 to move or two machine tools 2 to move synchronously. When L is equal to L1+L2, the programmable logic controller cancels the direction control information and movement instruction information sent to the two wheelbase moving motors 6, causing the two wheelbase moving motors 6 to stop rotating, thus completing the wheelbase adjustment. Specifically, when L is not equal to L1+L2, the programmable logic controller converts the calculated distance to be moved into direction control information and movement instruction information, and transmits the direction control information and movement instruction information to one or two drivers. The drivers transmit the received direction control information and movement instruction information to the corresponding wheelbase moving motors 6, thereby controlling the direction and rotation of the wheelbase moving motors 6. When the wheelbase moving motors 6 rotate, they drive the screw 7 to rotate. When the screw 7 rotates, the nut 8 moves on the screw 7, thereby causing one or two machine tools 2 to move along the linear guide 5.

[0049] Among them, in step S2, there is an allowable error ΔL for the wheel set axle distance information (L) to be processed. Specifically, in step S2, according to the processing requirements of wheel sets with different axle distances of train bogies, there is a certain allowable error for the actual processed wheel set axle distance, and this error is set as ΔL. When the operator compares the wheel set axle distance information (L) of the train bogie to be processed input through the HMI interface in the numerical control system with the distance information (L1 + L2) between the two machine tools 2, the tolerance ΔL should be considered.

[0050] During the comparison process, when L > (L1 + L2 + ΔL), the programmable logic controller sends direction control information and movement instruction information to the axle distance movement motor 6, causing the axle distance movement motor 6 to drive the machine tool 2 to move towards both ends of the base 1; when (L1 + L2 - ΔL) < L < (L1 + L2 + ΔL), the programmable logic controller cancels the direction control information and movement instruction information sent to the axle distance movement motor 6, and the bed movement stops, completing the axle distance adjustment; when L < (L1 + L2 - ΔL), the programmable logic controller sends direction control information and movement instruction information to the axle distance movement motor 6, causing the axle distance movement motor 6 to drive the machine tool 2 to move towards the middle of the base 1. When (L1 + L2 - ΔL) < L < (L1 + L2 + ΔL), the programmable logic controller cancels the direction control information and movement instruction information sent to the axle distance movement motor 6, and the bed movement stops, completing the axle distance adjustment.

[0051] When the axle distance automatic adjustment device and adjustment method of the double - axle non - drop wheel lathe of the present invention need to process two wheel sets with different axle distances of train bogies simultaneously, the axle distances of the wheel sets of different train bogies can be directly input into the numerical control system. The numerical control system transmits the input axle distance to the programmable logic controller. The numerical control system and the programmable logic controller compare the received axle distance data with the data fed back by the position encoder, and finally obtain the distances that the two machine tools need to move, so as to move the two machine tools, which can meet the simultaneous processing of two wheel sets with different axle distances of train bogies, improve the processing efficiency of the wheel sets. The overall structure of the present invention is reasonably designed, with a high degree of automation, convenient to use, and suitable for popularization.

[0052] The embodiments described above are only descriptions of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and do not limit the scope of the present invention. Without departing from the design spirit of the present invention, various deformations and improvements made by those of ordinary skill in the art to the technical solutions of the present invention should fall within the protection scope determined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. An automatic wheelbase adjustment device for a double-axle underfloor wheel lathe, characterized in that: The invention comprises a base (1), a machine tool (2), a position encoder (3), a limit device, a drive device, a numerical control system and a programmable logic controller, wherein two machine tools (2) capable of sliding relative to each other are mounted on the base (1), two position encoders (3) and two sets of limit devices are also mounted on the base (1), the two position encoders (3) are respectively matched with the two machine tools (2), the two sets of limit devices are respectively matched with the two machine tools (2) for movement, the numerical control system is connected to the programmable logic controller for two-way internal communication, and the numerical control system The system is connected to the output end of the position encoder (3) to display the actual position of the two machine tools (2). The wheelbases of different train bogie wheelsets are input into the numerical control system. The numerical control system transmits the input wheelbase to the programmable logic controller. The numerical control system and the programmable logic controller compare the received wheelbase data with the data fed back by the position encoder (3), and obtain the direction and distance that the two machine tools (2) need to move, and issue instruction information to drive the two machine tools (2) to move through the drive device.

2. The automatic wheelbase adjustment device for a dual-axle underfloor wheel lathe according to claim 1, characterized in that: The driving device comprises a wheelbase moving motor (6), a screw (7) and a nut (8); the wheelbase moving motor (6) and the screw (7) are mounted on the base (1); the wheelbase moving motor (6) drives the screw (7) to rotate; the screw (7) is sleeved with a nut (8); the nut (8) is fixedly connected to the machine tool (2); and the wheelbase moving motor (6) is connected to the output end of the programmable logic controller via a driver.

3. The automatic wheelbase adjustment device for a dual-axle underfloor wheel lathe according to claim 2, characterized in that: Two driving devices are provided, and the two driving devices are respectively provided corresponding to the two machine tools (2).

4. The automatic wheelbase adjustment device for a dual-axle underfloor wheel lathe according to claim 1, characterized in that: Each set of the limit devices comprises two limit protection switches (4), and the two limit protection switches (4) are respectively located on the front and rear sides of the machine tool (2). When the limit protection switches (4) are triggered during movement of the machine tool (2), the limit protection switches (4) transmit information to the programmable logic controller, and the programmable logic controller controls the machine tool (2) to stop moving further.

5. The automatic wheelbase adjustment device for a dual-axle underfloor wheel lathe according to claim 1, characterized in that: Each set of the limit devices includes two limit sensors, which are respectively located on the front and rear sides of the machine tool (2). When the limit sensors are triggered during movement of the machine tool (2), the limit sensors transmit information to the programmable logic controller, and the programmable logic controller controls the machine tool (2) to stop moving.

6. The automatic wheelbase adjustment device for a dual-axle underfloor wheel lathe according to claim 1, characterized in that: A linear guide rail (5) is installed on the base (1), and the two machine tools (2) are both installed on the two linear guide rails (5).

7. The automatic wheelbase adjustment device for a dual-axis underfloor wheelset lathe according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The numerical control system includes an alarm module, and the alarm module is connected to the output end of the numerical control system.

8. A method for automatically adjusting the wheelbase of a dual-axis underfloor wheel lathe, characterized in that: The automatic wheelbase adjustment device for a dual-axis underfloor wheelset lathe according to any one of claims 1 to 7 comprises the following steps: S1. Two position encoders (3) obtain the position information (L1, L2) of two machine tools (2) and transmit the position information (L1, L2) to the numerical control system; S2. Input the axle distance information (L) of the to-be-machined wheel set to the numerical control system. The numerical control system transmits the input axle distance information (L) of the to-be-machined wheel set to the programmable logic controller. The numerical control system and the programmable logic controller compare the distance information (L1 + L2) between the two machine tools (2) with the axle distance information (L) of the to-be-machined wheel set to obtain the direction and distance that the two machine tools (2) need to move; S3. When L is not equal to L1 + L2, direction control information and movement instruction information are generated through the numerical control system and the programmable logic controller, enabling one or two axle distance movement motors (6) to start running after receiving the direction control information and movement instruction information, causing one machine tool (2) to move or two machine tools (2) to move synchronously; when L is equal to L1 + L2, the programmable logic controller cancels the direction control information and movement instruction information sent to the two axle distance movement motors (6), and the two axle distance movement motors (6) stop rotating, thus completing the axle distance adjustment.

9. The method for automatically adjusting the wheelbase of a dual-axis underfloor wheel lathe according to claim 8, characterized in that: In step S2, there is an allowable error ΔL for the axle distance information (L) of the to-be-machined wheel set.

10. The method for automatically adjusting the wheelbase of a dual-axis underfloor wheel lathe according to claim 9, wherein: In step S3, when L > (L1 + L2 + ΔL), the programmable logic controller sends direction control information and movement instruction information to the axle distance movement motor (6) to make the axle distance movement motor (6) drive the machine tool (2) to move towards both ends of the base (1); when (L1 + L2 - ΔL) < L < (L1 + L2 + ΔL), the programmable logic controller cancels the direction control information and movement instruction information sent to the axle distance movement motor (6), and the movement of the machine tool (2) bed stops, completing the axle distance adjustment; when L < (L1 + L2 - ΔL), the programmable logic controller sends direction control information and movement instruction information to the axle distance movement motor (6) to make the axle distance movement motor (6) drive the machine tool (2) to move towards the middle of the base (1); when (L1 + L2 - ΔL) < L < (L1 + L2 + ΔL), the programmable logic controller cancels the direction control information and movement instruction information sent to the axle distance movement motor (6), and the movement of the machine tool (2) bed stops, completing the axle distance adjustment.

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