Motor controller for realizing fault isolation, distributed power assembly and vehicle

Abstract

The invention provides a motor controller for realizing fault isolation, a distributed power assembly and a vehicle. The motor controller comprises a three-phase bridge arm, a direct current breaker, an alternating current breaker and a control device. Wherein the two ends of the three-phase bridge arm are used for being connected with a power battery through a direct-current bus, and the middle point of each phase of bridge arm in the three-phase bridge arm is used for being connected with a phase winding of the driving motor. The control devices are used for connecting the direct-current driving module and the alternating-current driving module through internal lines, and one control device is used for controlling the direct-current driving module to drive the direct-current breaking module to connect or disconnect the connection between the three-phase bridge arm and the direct-current bus; and the control module is used for controlling the alternating current driving module to drive the alternating current breaking module to connect or disconnect the bridge arm midpoints of the at least two phases of bridge arms and the at least two phases of windings, so that faults of the power assembly can be isolated, normal operation of other electric parts of the electric vehicle is guaranteed, and the safety throwing rate of the vehicle is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of vehicles, and in particular to a motor controller, a distributed powertrain, and a vehicle for achieving fault isolation. Background Art

[0002] With increasing environmental awareness and the continuous development of electric vehicle technology, the market demand for dual-drive electric vehicles is growing. However, to ensure the safety of both passengers and the electric vehicle, it is necessary to be able to disconnect the power battery when a high-voltage circuit short circuits. Otherwise, the drive motor may burn out or even cause the vehicle to spontaneously combust.

[0003] A common solution currently involves installing a master protection device at the point where the vehicle's DC bus power distribution architecture outputs power from the power battery. This device then supplies power to the various loads mounted on the DC bus. If a single load on the high-voltage bus shorts, the master protection device trips, de-energizing the entire vehicle's high-voltage bus, thereby ensuring the safety of the vehicle and its passengers. However, a single load shorting during this master protection device trips, de-energizing all loads mounted on the high-voltage bus and causing a loss of power. Therefore, isolating the short-circuit fault when a single load shorts is a pressing issue. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present application provides a motor controller, distributed powertrain and vehicle that achieve fault isolation. By setting an independent DC breaker between the power battery and the motor controller of the electric vehicle, and setting an independent AC breaker between the drive motor and the motor controller, the control device in the motor controller can disconnect the corresponding breaker when a short circuit fault occurs on the DC side or the AC side, thereby isolating the powertrain fault and ensuring the normal operation of other electrical components of the electric vehicle, which is conducive to reducing the vehicle abandonment rate.

[0005] In a first aspect, a fault-isolated motor controller is provided, which is used to receive power from a power battery through a DC bus and output AC power to a drive motor to drive the drive motor. The motor controller includes a three-phase bridge arm, a DC breaker, an AC breaker, and a control device. The two ends of the three-phase bridge arm are used to connect the power battery through the DC bus, and the midpoint of each phase of the three-phase bridge arm is used to connect a phase winding of the drive motor. The DC breaker includes a DC drive module and a DC disconnect module, and the DC drive module is used to drive the DC disconnect module to disconnect the connection between the three-phase bridge arm and the DC bus. The AC breaker includes an AC drive module and an AC disconnect module, and the AC drive module is used to drive the AC disconnect module to disconnect the connection between the midpoint of the bridge arm of at least two phases and the corresponding at least two phases of the winding. The one control device is used to connect the DC drive module and the AC drive module through an internal circuit, and is used to control the DC drive module to drive the DC disconnect module to conduct or disconnect the connection between the three-phase bridge arm and the DC bus, and is used to control the AC drive module to drive the AC disconnect module to conduct or disconnect the connection between the midpoint of the at least two-phase bridge arm and the at least two-phase winding.

[0006] It is understood that the DC bus includes a positive DC bus and a negative DC bus. The positive DC bus is connected to the positive terminal of the power battery, and the negative DC bus is connected to the negative terminal of the power battery. It is understood that the motor controller can receive power from the positive DC bus through a DC breaker, or receive power from the negative DC bus through a DC breaker, or receive power from both the positive and negative DC buses through two sub-DC disconnect modules in the DC breaker.

[0007] Furthermore, when a short circuit occurs within the powertrain, the control device controls the DC breaker to disconnect the powertrain from the DC bus. This prevents the fault from spreading through the DC bus to the power battery and other high-voltage electrical equipment connected to the DC bus, thereby preventing the vehicle from being powered off and abandoned. The type and location of powertrain faults can vary. For example, a short circuit in the powertrain's motor controller could occur internally, such as in power devices or other electrical components, or externally, such as in the motor controller housing, its wiring harness, or the connection between the motor controller and the power battery. Another example is a short circuit in the powertrain's drive motor, which could be caused by a short circuit in the motor's windings or a fault in the wiring harness connecting the motor's windings to the motor controller.

[0008] It is understood that the AC breaker can be connected in series between the midpoint of a three-phase bridge arm and the three-phase winding of the motor, or between the midpoint of any two-phase bridge arms and the corresponding winding of the motor. Furthermore, when a short circuit occurs within the powertrain, the control device controls the AC breaker to disconnect the motor controller and the motor, thereby preventing the short circuit from damaging healthy electrical components in the powertrain and improving powertrain safety.

[0009] According to the solution of the present application, by providing an independent DC breaker between the power battery and the motor controller of the electric vehicle, and providing an independent AC breaker between the drive motor and the motor controller, the control device in the motor controller can disconnect the corresponding breaker when a short circuit fault occurs on the DC side or the AC side, thereby isolating the fault of the powertrain and ensuring the normal operation of other electrical components of the electric vehicle, thereby reducing the vehicle abandonment rate. In addition, the motor controller does not need to provide two independent control devices to control the DC breaker and the AC breaker respectively. Instead, the control of the DC breaker and the AC breaker can be achieved through the same control device, which can reduce the number of control devices of the motor controller and is beneficial to the cost and volume control of the motor controller.

[0010] In combination with the first aspect, in some implementations, the motor controller includes a circuit board, which is used to carry electrical components of the DC drive module, the AC drive module, and the control device.

[0011] The circuit board can be a dedicated circuit board within the motor controller that carries the DC drive module, AC drive module, and electrical components of the control device. This circuit board is independent of the circuit board that carries the electrical components of the three-phase bridge arm or the electrical components of the control circuit of the three-phase bridge arm. This helps further reduce electromagnetic interference on the control signal output by the control device and ensures control stability.

[0012] It can be understood that when the control device and the control circuit of the three-phase bridge arm are independent circuits, the circuit board can also carry electrical components of the control circuit that controls the three-phase bridge arm, further improving the integration of the motor controller.

[0013] It can be understood that the circuit board can also be used to carry the electrical components of the three-phase bridge arm, further improving the integration of the motor controller.

[0014] According to the embodiments of the present application, a single circuit board carries the electrical components of the DC drive module, AC drive module, and control device. This shortens the path for the control device to transmit control signals to the DC drive module and to the AC drive module, thereby reducing interference with the control signals during transmission and improving control stability and reliability. Furthermore, the DC circuit breaker and AC circuit breaker can serve solely as actuators to open or close their respective terminals, resulting in a simple and reliable structure that reduces the complexity and cost of installing and maintaining both circuit breakers.

[0015] In combination with the first aspect, in some implementations, the DC breaker also includes at least two switch modules connected in series, and the at least two switch modules are used to connect the control device and the DC disconnect module. The control device is specifically used to control the DC drive module to drive the at least two switch modules to be turned on, so that the DC disconnect module disconnects the connection between the three-phase bridge arm and the DC bus.

[0016] For example, one end of the switch module is connected to the DC disconnect module, and the other end is connected to one end of the switch module. The other end of the switch module is connected to the control device. Thus, after the DC driver module drives both switch modules to conduct, the connection between the control device and the DC disconnect module is established. The control device can then supply power to the DC disconnect module, causing it to disconnect the three-phase bridge arm from the DC bus.

[0017] In some embodiments, for a switch module with a specific structure, the control device may further control both switch modules to be turned off, so that the DC disconnect module disconnects the connection between the three-phase bridge arm and the DC bus.

[0018] It is understood that a separate auxiliary power supply (not shown) can also be provided in the DC breaker to power the DC disconnect module. In this case, the two ends of the two switch modules and are used to connect the auxiliary power supply and the DC disconnect module. The control device can control the DC drive module to drive the two switch modules and to operate synchronously, so that the auxiliary power supply powers the actuator b.

[0019] It can be understood that the two switch modules can be centrally arranged on the control device side or the DC breaker side (for example, housed in the housing of the DC breaker), or they can be arranged separately, that is, one switch module is arranged on the control device side and the other switch module is arranged on the DC breaker side. This is not limited in the embodiments of the present application.

[0020] According to the solution of this application, the control device needs to control two switch modules and act synchronously so that the DC disconnect module can receive power from the control circuit and quickly disconnect. This can effectively avoid the situation where the control device controls the DC disconnect module to malfunction due to failure of the switch module when only one switch module is set in the breaker, thereby ensuring the stability and reliability of the DC breaker.

[0021] In combination with the first aspect, in some implementations, in response to the control device being powered on, the control device is further used to control the DC drive module to drive one of the switch modules to be turned on and then turned off, and to control the drive module to drive another of the switch modules to be turned on and then turned off within a preset time period after the one switch module is turned off.

[0022] Here, powering on the control device can be understood as powering on the motor controller. In this embodiment of the present application, whenever the motor controller is awakened and powered on, the control device controls the DC driver module to perform a self-test on the two switch modules. Because simultaneous operation of the two switch modules will activate the DC segmentation module, the control device needs to control the DC driver module to drive the two switch modules and conduct them sequentially to detect whether the two switch modules are in a controlled state.

[0023] The preset duration can be understood as a very short time. After one switch module has been off for the preset time, the control device controls the DC driver module to turn on the other switch module, ensuring that both switch modules are not turned on simultaneously, thereby preventing malfunction of the DC disconnect module. For example, the preset duration can be 1ms or 0, and this is not a limitation in this embodiment of the present application.

[0024] It is understood that the embodiments of the present application do not limit the order in which the control device controls the two switch modules to be turned on and off. For example, the control device may first control the DC drive module to drive the switch module to be turned on and then turned off, and then control the DC drive module to drive the switch module to be turned on and then turned off within a preset time period after the switch module is turned off.

[0025] According to the solution of the present application, the control device will perform a self-check on the two switch modules in the DC breaker when powered on, thereby improving the stability and reliability of the DC breaker and making the motor controller safer.

[0026] In combination with the first aspect, in some implementations, in the process of controlling the driving module to drive one of the switch modules to turn on and then turn off, and controlling the DC driving module to drive another of the switch modules to turn on and then turn off within a preset time after the one switch module is turned off, in response to any one of the switch modules failing to turn on or off, or the interval between the turn-on moments or the interval between the turn-off moments of the two switch modules being greater than the preset time, the control device is further used to output a fault signal, and the fault signal is used to indicate a fault of the DC breaker.

[0027] Among them, the DC disconnect module requires the synchronous operation of two switch modules to operate normally. The failure of any switch module to turn on or off can be understood as the control device being unable to control the operation of any switch module. This means that even if a short circuit fault occurs in the powertrain, the DC breaker cannot disconnect the connection between the three-phase bridge arm and the DC bus. Therefore, the control device will regard this situation as a fault of the DC breaker.

[0028] Among them, if the interval between the conduction moments of the two switch modules or the interval between the shutdown moments of the two switch modules is greater than the preset time length, it can be understood that the control device has a delay in controlling at least one of the switch modules. If the DC breaker has a control delay on any switch module when a powertrain fault occurs, there may be a situation where the DC breaker cannot be shut down in time, causing the short-circuit fault on the powertrain side to spread to other high-voltage electrical components of the electric vehicle. Therefore, the control device will regard this situation as a fault of the DC breaker.

[0029] That is to say, during the self-inspection of the two modules in the DC breaker, if any switch module fails to turn on or off normally, or if there is a delay in the on or off control of any switch module, the control device will output a fault signal to other controllers in the electric vehicle to serve as an alarm.

[0030] According to the solution of this application, during the self-inspection of the two switch modules in the DC breaker, if any switch module becomes uncontrolled or has a large time delay, the control device will actively output a fault signal to other controllers of the electric vehicle, so that the driver can understand the fault condition of the powertrain in a timely manner and ensure the safety of the electric vehicle.

[0031] In combination with the first aspect, in some implementations, the housing of the DC breaker is used to accommodate the DC drive module, the DC disconnect module, the control device, and at least two switch modules.

[0032] Specifically, the control device can be connected to the DC disconnect module through two switch modules and internal lines, which can shorten the power supply path from the control device to the DC disconnect module. The control device is also connected to the DC drive module through internal lines, which can shorten the control path from the control device to the DC drive module, which is beneficial to the control delay of the control device on the DC breaker.

[0033] It is understandable that the control device can also be connected to the AC drive module through the interface on the surface of the shell, so as to control the on and off of the AC disconnect module.

[0034] According to the solution of the present application, by integrating the control device inside the housing of the DC breaker, the control delay of the DC breaker can be shortened, ensuring that the internal fault of the powertrain will not spread along the DC bus, and further improving the reliability of the motor controller isolating the fault.

[0035] In conjunction with the first aspect, in some implementations, the AC breaker further includes a first switch module, one end of the first switch module being used to connect to the AC disconnect module, the other end of the first switch module being used to connect to one end of a second switch module of the at least two switch modules, and the other end of the second switch module being used to connect to the control device. The control device is specifically configured to control the AC drive module to drive the first switch module and the second switch module to conduct, so that the AC disconnect module disconnects the connection between the midpoint of the at least two-phase bridge arm and the at least two-phase winding. In other words, the AC breaker may include only one switch module, while the other switch module reuses a switch module of the DC breaker.

[0036] It is understood that the second switch module can be either of the two switch modules of the DC circuit breaker, and this application is not limited thereto. Furthermore, both the AC drive module and the DC drive module can control the on and off operation of the second switch module. When a short circuit occurs in any phase winding of the motor, the control device can control the AC drive module to drive the first and second switch modules to operate synchronously, thereby controlling the actuator b in the AC disconnect module to disconnect conductor a, thereby disconnecting the midpoint of the at least two-phase bridge arm and the at least two-phase winding.

[0037] It is understood that when two switch modules, along with the control device and DC drive module, are integrated on the DC breaker side, the AC drive module can be used only to drive the first switch module, while the DC drive module is responsible for driving the second switch module. Specifically, if a short circuit occurs in any phase winding of the motor, the control device can control the AC drive module to activate the first switch module and control the DC drive module to synchronously activate the second switch module, thereby activating the AC disconnect module.

[0038] According to the solution of the present application, the DC breaker and the AC breaker can share one switch module, which reduces the number of switch modules that need to be controlled by the control device and reduces the control complexity.

[0039] In combination with the first aspect, in some implementations, in the process of controlling the AC drive module to drive the first switch module and the second switch module to turn on, in response to the first switch module failing to turn on, the control device is also used to control the DC drive module to drive both switch modules to turn on so that the DC disconnect module disconnects the connection between the three-phase bridge arm and the DC bus.

[0040] It is understood that when a short circuit occurs in the motor winding, if the first switch module fails and cannot be controlled to conduct or disconnect while the control device controls the AC breaker to disconnect the connection between the bridge arm midpoint and the winding, the control device can control the DC to disconnect the connection between the three-phase bridge arm and the DC bus, thereby severing the connection between the powertrain and the DC bus, thereby preventing the spread of the motor fault. Specifically, the control device can control the DC drive module to drive the two switch modules and synchronize the operation, so that the actuator in the DC disconnect module cuts the conductor to disconnect the connection between the three-phase bridge arm and the DC bus.

[0041] According to the present application, if a motor short-circuit fault occurs and the AC breaker fails to open under control, the control device can also control the DC breaker to open, preventing the motor short-circuit fault from spreading through the DC bus to other high-voltage components of the electric vehicle, further improving the safety of the electric vehicle. Furthermore, because the DC breaker and the AC breaker are controlled by the same control device, the delay in controlling the DC breaker to open when the AC breaker fails can be shortened, further improving the reliability of the motor controller's fault isolation.

[0042] In conjunction with the first aspect, in some implementations, the housing of the DC breaker is further configured to accommodate the AC drive module and the first switch module. According to the present application, the AC drive module, the two switch modules of the DC breaker, and the one switch module of the AC breaker are all integrated within the DC breaker housing. This allows the AC drive module to more stably control the first switch module and the reused second switch module. Furthermore, the internal structure of the AC drive module is simpler and more reliable.

[0043] In conjunction with the first aspect, in some implementations, in response to the current passing through the DC breaker being greater than a first current, or the rate of increase of the current passing through the DC breaker being greater than the first current rate, the control device is specifically configured to control the DC drive module to drive the DC disconnect module. Alternatively, in response to the current passing through the AC breaker being greater than a second current, or the rate of increase of the current passing through the AC breaker being greater than the second current rate, the control device is specifically configured to control the AC drive module to drive the AC disconnect module.

[0044] It can be understood that the first current can be understood as a larger current value, and the first current rate can be understood as a larger rate of change. Part of the DC current output by the power battery is input into the three-phase bridge arm through the DC breaker. When a short circuit fault occurs in the three-phase bridge arm, the current passing through the DC breaker will suddenly increase. When the current passing through the DC breaker is greater than the first current or the rate of increase of the current passing through the DC breaker is greater than the first current rate, it indicates that an internal fault has occurred in the powertrain. At this time, in order to protect other electrical components, it is necessary to disconnect the DC breaker, thereby disconnecting the powertrain from the DC bus, and then isolating the short circuit fault of the powertrain.

[0045] In addition, when other high-voltage components on the DC bus have a short-circuit fault, the current passing through the DC breaker will also suddenly increase. The control device controls the DC breaker to disconnect when the current passing through the DC breaker is greater than the first current or the current increase rate through the DC breaker is greater than the first current rate. It can also prevent the short-circuit fault on the DC bus from spreading to the inside of the powertrain, thereby improving the safety of the powertrain.

[0046] Similarly, the second current can be understood as a larger current value, and the second current rate can be understood as a larger rate of change. When the current passing through the AC breaker is greater than the second current, or the rate of increase of the current passing through the AC breaker is greater than the second current rate, it indicates that a short circuit fault has occurred in any phase winding of the motor. At this time, in order to protect the switch modules in the three-phase bridge arm and other electrical components connected to the DC bus, it is necessary to disconnect the AC breaker, thereby disconnecting the connection between the three-phase bridge arm and the motor, and thus isolating the short circuit fault of the motor.

[0047] It is understood that the motor controller may include a detection device that can detect the current passing through the DC breaker and the AC breaker and transmit a current signal to the control device, and the control device can control the DC breaker based on the current signal. The current signal may indicate the current passing through the DC breaker or the AC breaker or the rate of increase of the current, or may simply indicate that an overcurrent condition has occurred in the DC breaker or the AC breaker, and the embodiments of the present application are not limited thereto.

[0048] According to the solution of the present application, the control device can control the corresponding breaker to disconnect when the current passing through the DC breaker or the AC breaker increases significantly. The control method is simple and reliable.

[0049] In combination with the first aspect, in some implementations, in response to the current passing through the bridge arm of any phase being greater than a third current, or the rate of increase of the current passing through the bridge arm of any phase being greater than a third current rate, the control device is further used to first control the DC drive module to drive the DC disconnect module, and then control the AC drive module to drive the AC disconnect module.

[0050] It can be understood that if a single switch module in any of the three-phase bridge arms is short-circuited, the current on the phase bridge arm will increase significantly when the switch tube module is closed. At this time, in order to avoid the short-circuit fault of the switch module from spreading through the DC bus, the control device can first control the DC drive module to drive the DC disconnect module, thereby disconnecting the connection between the three-phase bridge arm and the DC bus, and avoiding the electric vehicle from being abandoned.

[0051] Moreover, when the motor is a synchronous motor, if a single switch module in any one of the three-phase bridge arms is short-circuited, the current on the bridge arm of that phase will increase significantly when the switch module is closed. At this time, if the fault of the switch module is not isolated, the short-circuit current generated will cause the synchronous motor to generate a large braking torque, thereby affecting driving safety. Therefore, the control device needs to control the AC breaker to disconnect the connection between the three-phase bridge arm and the motor when the current passing through any one of the three-phase bridge arms is greater than the third current or when the rate of increase of the current passing through any one of the three-phase bridge arms is greater than the third current rate. The at least two-phase bridge arms may include the any one of the phase bridge arms to which the failed switch module belongs, or may not include the any one of the phase bridge arms, and this embodiment of the present application is not limited to this.

[0052] According to an embodiment of the present application, when the current passing through any phase arm of the three-phase bridge arm increases significantly, the control device can first control the DC breaker to disconnect to prevent the internal fault of the powertrain from spreading along the DC bus, and then control the AC breaker to disconnect to prevent the switch module in the three-phase bridge arm from failing and causing the motor in the powertrain to generate braking torque, so that the vehicle will not suddenly decelerate even when power is lost, further improving driving safety.

[0053] In conjunction with the first aspect, in some implementations, the DC bus includes a positive DC bus and a negative DC bus. In response to a voltage drop rate between the positive DC bus and the negative DC bus being greater than a first voltage rate, the control device is specifically configured to control the DC driver module to drive the DC disconnect module. Alternatively, in response to a phase voltage drop rate between any two phase windings in the three-phase winding being greater than a second voltage rate, the control device is specifically configured to control the AC driver module to drive the AC disconnect module.

[0054] The first voltage rate can be understood as a relatively large rate of voltage change. When a short circuit fault occurs in an electrical component within the motor controller, such as a switch module in any of the three-phase bridge arms, the voltage between the positive and negative DC buses will drop rapidly. Therefore, when the rate of voltage drop between the positive and negative DC buses exceeds the first voltage rate, the control device can control the DC drive module to drive the DC disconnect module, thereby disconnecting the powertrain from the DC bus. This can prevent the internal powertrain fault from spreading to other high-voltage components.

[0055] Moreover, when a short-circuit fault occurs in a high-voltage electrical component connected to the DC bus, the voltage between the positive DC bus and the negative DC bus will also drop rapidly. Therefore, the control device controls the DC drive module to drive the DC disconnect module when the voltage drop rate between the positive DC bus and the negative DC bus is greater than the first voltage rate, which can also prevent the fault of other electrical components from spreading to the inside of the powertrain, thereby improving the safety of the powertrain.

[0056] The second voltage rate can be understood as a relatively large rate of voltage change. When a short circuit fault occurs in any phase of the motor's three-phase windings, the phase voltage between the faulty phase and the other phases will drop rapidly. Therefore, when the rate of decrease in the phase voltage between any two phases of the motor's three-phase windings exceeds the second voltage rate, the control device can control the AC drive module to drive the AC disconnect module, thereby disconnecting the motor controller and the motor, preventing the motor fault from spreading to the motor controller and improving the safety of the powertrain.

[0057] According to the solution of the present application, the control device can control the operation of the DC breaker according to the voltage change between the positive and negative DC bus bars, and can also control the operation of the AC breaker according to the phase voltage change between any two phase windings in the motor. The control method is simple and the reliability is high.

[0058] In conjunction with the first aspect, in some implementations, the control device is further configured to control the magnitude and frequency of the AC power output by the three-phase bridge arm to the drive motor. Specifically, the control device may control the magnitude and frequency of the AC power output from the midpoint of the three-phase bridge arm to the three-phase winding of the motor by controlling the on and off switching of the switches in the three-phase bridge arm.

[0059] According to the solution of the present application, the motor controller can reuse the control device to realize the control of the switching tube in the three-phase bridge arm, so that the motor controller is more integrated, which is beneficial to the cost and volume control of the motor controller, and can further reduce the structural complexity of the motor controller.

[0060] In a second aspect, a distributed powertrain is provided, which receives power from a power battery and drives the vehicle's two front wheels or two rear wheels. The distributed powertrain includes a dual-motor controller, a first motor, and a second motor. The dual-motor controller includes a first inverter circuit, a second inverter circuit, a control device, a DC circuit breaker, and two AC circuit breakers. The first inverter circuit receives power from the DC bus through the DC circuit breaker and outputs three-phase AC power to the first motor. The second inverter circuit receives power from the DC bus through the same DC circuit breaker and outputs three-phase AC power to the other motor. The DC circuit breaker includes a DC drive module and a DC disconnect module. The DC drive module drives the DC disconnect module to disconnect the first and second inverter circuits from the DC bus. Each AC circuit breaker includes an AC drive module and an AC disconnect module. The AC drive module in one AC circuit breaker drives the AC disconnect module to disconnect the first inverter circuit and the first motor, while the AC drive module in the other AC circuit breaker drives the AC disconnect module to disconnect the second inverter circuit and the second motor. The control device is used to control the operation of the DC circuit breaker and two AC circuit breakers.

[0061] According to the present application, the two inverter circuits in the distributed powertrain can be combined to share a single DC breaker to receive DC bus power. This allows for a highly integrated dual-motor controller and facilitates installation and use. Furthermore, the two inverter circuits in the distributed powertrain can be connected to the windings of the two motors via two separate AC breakers. This allows for the disconnection of only the corresponding AC breaker in the event of a motor failure, preventing the electric vehicle from being abandoned.

[0062] In a third aspect, an electric vehicle is provided, which includes a power battery and a powertrain, the powertrain including a drive motor and a motor controller in any implementation of the first aspect, and the powertrain is used to receive power from the power battery to drive the wheels of the electric vehicle.

[0063] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of a DC bus protection device;

[0064] Figure 2 Schematic diagrams of several possible electric vehicle 01 architectures proposed in the embodiments of the present application;

[0065] Figure 3 and Figure 4 These are two schematic diagrams of the powertrain 10 provided in the embodiments of the present application;

[0066] Figure 5 and Figure 6 10 is a schematic diagram of two structures of a DC breaker 103 and an AC breaker 104 provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0067] Figure 7 is a circuit diagram of a hybrid powertrain 30 provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0068] Figure 8 and Figure 9 These are two circuit diagrams of the distributed power assembly 40 provided in the embodiments of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0069] The technical solution in this application will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0070] References to "some embodiments" and the like in this specification mean that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment is included in one or more embodiments of the present application. Thus, phrases such as "in some embodiments" and the like that appear in different places in this specification do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, but rather mean "one or more, but not all, embodiments," unless otherwise specifically emphasized. The terms "including," "comprising," "having," and variations thereof mean "including but not limited to," unless otherwise specifically emphasized.

[0071] With increasing environmental awareness and the continuous development of vehicle technology, the market demand for dual-motor and multi-motor vehicles is growing. However, to ensure the safety of both passengers and the electric vehicle, it is necessary to be able to disconnect the power battery when a high-voltage circuit short circuits. Otherwise, the drive motor may burn out or even cause the vehicle to spontaneously combust.

[0072] In one possible implementation, Figure 1 As shown, a master protection device is installed at the power battery output, and power is supplied to various loads, such as the powertrain, via a high-voltage DC bus. For example, in a dual-motor vehicle, the front and rear drivetrains share a common high-voltage DC bus, receiving power from the power battery. If a short circuit occurs in one of the powertrains, the master protection device on the high-voltage DC bus will fuse, causing the power battery to stop outputting current, thus ensuring the safety of the vehicle and its passengers.

[0073] It should be noted that there may be many types and locations of powertrain failures. For example, a short circuit occurs in the motor controller in the powertrain. Specifically, the short circuit may occur inside the motor controller, such as in power devices or other electrical components, or it may occur outside the motor controller, such as in the motor controller housing, the motor controller wiring harness, or the connection between the motor controller and the power battery. For another example, a short circuit occurs in the drive motor in the powertrain. For example, the winding coil of the drive motor may be short-circuited, or the connection harness between the winding of the drive motor and the motor controller may be faulty. However, since the power battery no longer outputs current after the main protection device is blown, normal electrical components that have not failed will also be unable to work normally due to the loss of power supply, causing the entire vehicle to be powered off and then abandoned.

[0074] In view of this, the embodiments of the present application propose a motor controller, powertrain and electric vehicle that achieve fault isolation. By setting an independent DC breaker between the power battery and the motor controller of the electric vehicle, and setting an independent AC breaker between the drive motor and the motor controller, the control device in the motor controller can disconnect the corresponding breaker when a short circuit fault occurs on the DC side or the AC side, thereby isolating the powertrain fault and ensuring the normal operation of other electrical components of the electric vehicle, thereby reducing the vehicle abandonment rate.

[0075] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of several possible electric vehicle 01 architectures provided in this application.

[0076] like Figure 2 As shown in (a), the electric vehicle 01 can be a single electric drive vehicle, and the electric vehicle 01 can include a power battery, a powertrain 10 and four wheels. Among them, the powertrain 10 includes a motor 101 and a motor controller 102. The motor controller 102 is used to receive power from the power battery and output AC power to the motor 101 to drive the motor 101. It can be understood that the electric vehicle 01 can be a front-wheel drive vehicle, in which case the powertrain 10 is used to drive the two front wheels of the electric vehicle. Alternatively, the electric vehicle 01 can also be a rear-wheel drive vehicle, in which case the powertrain 10 is used to drive the two rear wheels of the electric vehicle.

[0077] like Figure 2As shown in (b), the electric vehicle 01 can be a front and rear dual-electric drive vehicle. The electric vehicle 01 can include a power battery, a first power assembly 20, a second power assembly 21, and four wheels. The first power assembly 20 is used to drive the two front wheels of the vehicle 01, and the second power assembly 21 is used to drive the two rear wheels of the vehicle 01. The first power assembly 20 includes a first motor 201 and a first motor controller 202. The first motor controller 202 is used to receive power from the power battery and output AC power to the first motor 201 to drive the first motor 201. The second power assembly 21 includes a second motor 204 and a second motor controller 203. The second motor controller 203 is used to receive power from the power battery and output AC power to the second motor 204 to drive the second motor 204.

[0078] like Figure 2 As shown in (c), the electric vehicle 01 can be a hybrid vehicle, and the electric vehicle 01 can include a power battery, a hybrid powertrain 30 and four wheels. The hybrid powertrain 30 includes a motor 301, a generator 302 and a dual-motor controller 303. The dual-motor controller 303 is used to receive the electric energy output by the generator 302 and charge the power battery, or the dual-motor controller 303 is used to receive the output electric energy and supply power to the motor 301 to drive the motor 301, or the dual-motor controller 303 is used to receive the electric energy output by the generator 302 and the electric energy output by the power battery and supply power to the motor 301 to drive the motor 301. It can be understood that the dual-motor controller 303 can also be split into a generator controller and a motor controller, which are used to control the generator 302 and the motor 301 respectively.

[0079] like Figure 2 As shown in (d) of FIG, the electric vehicle 01 can be a centrally distributed electric vehicle, comprising a power battery, a distributed powertrain 40, and four wheels. The distributed powertrain 40 includes a first motor 401, a second motor 402, and a dual-motor controller 403. The first motor 401 and the second motor 402 are used to drive the two front wheels or the two rear wheels. The motor controller 403 receives power from the power battery and outputs AC power to the first motor 401 and the second motor 402 to drive the two motors.

[0080] like Figure 2As shown in (e), the electric vehicle 01 can be a wheel-side distributed electric vehicle, and the electric vehicle 01 includes four power assemblies and four wheels. Specifically, the motor controller 502 is used to receive power from the power battery and output AC power to the motor 501 to drive the motor 501, the motor controller 504 is used to receive power from the power battery and output AC power to the motor 503 to drive the motor 503, the motor controller 506 is used to receive power from the power battery and output AC power to the motor 505 to drive the motor 505, and the motor controller 508 is used to receive power from the power battery and output AC power to the motor 507 to drive the motor 507. Each power assembly can be a hub motor power assembly or a wheel-side motor power assembly. The hub motor power assembly is to directly set the motor and the reducer in the wheel hub, eliminating the transmission components such as the half shaft, universal joint, differential, and transmission; the wheel-side motor power assembly is to set the motor on the subframe.

[0081] It is understandable that the above Figure 2 (a) to Figure 2 The electric vehicles shown in (e) in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 each include at least one powertrain. The powertrain 10 is used as an example to describe the specific embodiments below.

[0082] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of a powertrain 10 provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0083] like Figure 3 As shown, in some embodiments, the motor 101 includes a three-phase winding, and the motor controller 102 includes a three-phase bridge arm 1021. The two ends of the three-phase bridge arm 1021 are respectively used to connect to the positive electrode of the power battery through the positive DC bus and to connect to the negative electrode of the power battery through the negative DC bus. The midpoint of each phase bridge arm in the three-phase bridge arm 1021 is respectively connected to a phase winding of the motor 101. The three-phase bridge arm 1021 is used to receive power from the power battery and output AC power to the motor 101 to drive the motor 101. Each bridge arm can include an upper bridge arm switching tube and a lower bridge arm switching tube, and the midpoint of each bridge arm can output a phase current to a phase winding of the motor.

[0084] In some embodiments, the motor controller 102 further includes a DC breaker 103 and an AC breaker 104. The three-phase bridge arm 1021 is configured to receive DC bus power through the DC breaker 103 and output AC power to the motor 101 through the AC breaker 104. The DC breaker 103 is configured to connect or disconnect the three-phase bridge arm 1021 and the DC bus, and the AC breaker 104 is configured to connect or disconnect the midpoint of at least two phases of the three-phase bridge arm 1021 and at least two phase windings of the connected motor 101.

[0085] In some embodiments, at least one of the DC breaker 103 and the AC breaker 104 may be mounted inside the housing 1023 of the motor controller 102 .

[0086] For example, reference Figure 3 , the DC breaker 103 can be assembled inside the housing 1023 of the motor controller 102, that is, the housing 1023 is used to accommodate the three-phase bridge arm 1021 and the DC breaker 103. Specifically, the DC breaker 103 is connected between the DC input port on the surface of the housing 1023 and the three-phase bridge arm 1021, so that the three-phase bridge arm 1021 can receive DC bus power through the DC breaker 103. Furthermore, the AC breaker 104 can also be assembled inside the housing 1023. Specifically, the AC breaker 104 is connected between the midpoint of at least two bridge arms in the three-phase bridge arm 1021 and the AC output port on the surface of the housing 1023, so that the three-phase bridge arm 1021 can supply power to the motor 101 through the AC breaker 104.

[0087] For example, refer to Figure 4 , the DC breaker 103 can be assembled on the outside of the housing 1023 of the motor controller 102, that is, the DC breaker 103 can be connected between the DC bus and the DC input port on the surface of the housing 1023. Among them, the DC breaker 103 can be welded to the housing 1023, or fixed to the housing 1023 by bolts, slide rails, etc. Alternatively, the DC breaker 103 can also be assembled on the high-voltage wiring harness between the power assembly 10 and the power battery, so that the power battery can be connected to the DC input end of the motor controller 102 through the DC bus and the DC breaker 103 in turn. Furthermore, the AC breaker 104 can also be assembled on the outside of the housing 1023. Specifically, the AC breaker 104 is connected between the AC output port on the surface of the housing 1023 and at least two-phase windings of the motor 101, so that the three-phase bridge arm 1021 can supply power to the motor 101 through the AC output port and the AC breaker 104 in turn.

[0088] It can be understood that either the DC breaker 103 or the AC breaker 104 can be assembled inside the housing 1023, and the other can be assembled outside the housing 1023, which will not be described in detail here.

[0089] In some embodiments, the DC breaker 103 includes a DC drive module 1031 and a DC disconnect module 1032. The DC drive module 1031 is configured to drive the DC disconnect module 1032 to disconnect the connection between the three-phase bridge arm 1021 and the DC bus. When the DC breaker 103 is connected between the positive input terminal of the three-phase bridge arm 1021 and the positive DC bus, or when the DC breaker 103 is connected between the negative input terminal of the three-phase bridge arm 1021 and the negative DC bus, or when the DC breaker 103 is connected between the two ends of the three-phase bridge arm 1021 and the positive DC bus and the negative DC bus, the present application does not limit this.

[0090] It should be noted that the DC breaker 103 and AC breaker 104 can be controlled switching devices such as switching tubes, relays, etc., or can be devices that automatically detect overcurrent and blow, such as fuses, etc., and this application does not limit this. The following description uses the DC breaker 103 and AC breaker 104 as controlled switching devices as an example.

[0091] In some embodiments, the AC breaker 104 includes an AC drive module 1041 and an AC disconnect module 1042 . The AC drive module 1041 is used to drive the AC disconnect module 1042 to disconnect the connection between the midpoints of at least two-phase bridge arms and the corresponding at least two-phase windings.

[0092] For example, the AC disconnect module 1042 can be connected in series between the midpoints of the three-phase bridge arms and the three-phase windings of the motor 101, and disconnect the midpoints of any two phase bridge arms from the corresponding motor windings when one phase winding fails. For example, when winding 1 short-circuit fault occurs, the AC disconnect module 1042 can disconnect the connection between bridge arm 1 and winding 1, bridge arm 2 and winding 2, and can also disconnect the connection between bridge arm 2 and winding 2, and bridge arm 3 and winding 3.

[0093] For another example, the AC disconnect module 1042 can be connected in series between the midpoint of any two-phase bridge arms and the corresponding winding of the motor 101. If a short circuit fault occurs in any one-phase winding, the AC disconnect module 1042 can disconnect the midpoint of any two-phase bridge arms and the corresponding winding of the motor 101. For example, the AC disconnect module 1042 can be connected in series between bridge arm 1 and winding 1, and between bridge arm 2 and winding 2. If a short circuit fault occurs in winding 3, the AC disconnect module 1042 can disconnect the connection between bridge arm 1 and winding 1, and between bridge arm 2 and winding 2.

[0094] Continue to refer Figure 3In some embodiments, the motor controller 102 further includes a control device 1022, which is configured to connect the DC drive module 1031 and the AC drive module 1041 via internal circuitry. The control device 1022 can control the DC drive module 1031 to drive the DC disconnect module 1032 to connect or disconnect the connection between the three-phase bridge arm 1021 and the DC bus. The control device 1022 can also control the AC drive module 1041 to drive the AC disconnect module 1042 to connect or disconnect the connection between the midpoint of at least two phase bridge arms and at least two phase windings.

[0095] According to an embodiment of the present application, the control device 1022 in the motor controller 102 can simultaneously control the DC breaker 103 and the AC breaker 104. In other words, the motor controller 102 does not need to have two independent control devices to control the DC breaker 103 and the AC breaker 104 respectively. Instead, the control of the DC breaker 103 and the AC breaker 104 can be achieved through a single control device. This can reduce the number of control devices in the motor controller 102, which is beneficial for controlling the cost and size of the motor controller 102 and can reduce the structural complexity of the motor controller 102.

[0096] The following describes the control method of the control device 1022 on the DC breaker 103 and the AC breaker 104 in conjunction with specific embodiments.

[0097] In some embodiments, in response to the current passing through the DC breaker 103 being greater than a first current, or the rate of increase of the current passing through the DC breaker 103 being greater than the first current rate, the control device 1022 controls the DC driving module 1031 to drive the DC disconnecting module 1032. In response to the current passing through the AC breaker 104 being greater than a second current, or the rate of increase of the current passing through the AC breaker 104 being greater than the second current rate, the control device 1022 controls the AC driving module 1041 to drive the AC disconnecting module 1042.

[0098] It can be understood that the first current can be understood as a larger current value, and the first current rate can be understood as a larger rate of change. Part of the DC power in the current output by the power battery is input into the three-phase bridge arm 1021 through the DC breaker 103. When a short circuit fault occurs in the three-phase bridge arm 1021, the current passing through the DC breaker 103 will suddenly increase. When the current passing through the DC breaker 103 is greater than the first current or the rate of increase of the current passing through the DC breaker 103 is greater than the first current rate, it indicates that an internal fault has occurred in the powertrain 10. At this time, in order to protect other electrical components, it is necessary to disconnect the DC breaker 103, thereby disconnecting the powertrain 10 from the DC bus, and then isolating the short circuit fault of the powertrain 10.

[0099] In addition, when other high-voltage components on the DC bus have a short-circuit fault, the current passing through the DC breaker 103 will also suddenly increase. The control device 1022 controls the DC breaker 103 to disconnect when the current passing through the DC breaker 103 is greater than the first current or the current increase rate through the DC breaker 103 is greater than the first current rate. It can also prevent the short-circuit fault on the DC bus from spreading to the inside of the powertrain 10, thereby improving the safety of the powertrain 10.

[0100] Similarly, the second current can be understood as a larger current value, and the second current rate can be understood as a larger rate of change. When the current passing through the AC breaker 104 is greater than the second current or the current increase rate through the AC breaker 104 is greater than the second current rate, it indicates that a short circuit fault occurs in any phase winding of the motor 101. At this time, in order to protect the switch module in the three-phase bridge arm 1021 and other electrical components connected to the DC bus, it is necessary to disconnect the AC breaker 104, thereby disconnecting the connection between the three-phase bridge arm 1021 and the motor 101, and then isolating the short circuit fault of the motor 101.

[0101] It is understood that the motor controller 102 may include a detection device that can detect the current passing through the DC breaker 103 and the AC breaker 104 and send a current signal to the control device 1022, and the control device 1022 can control the DC breaker 103 based on the current signal. The current signal may indicate the current or the current increase rate passing through the DC breaker 103 or the AC breaker 104, or may simply indicate that an overcurrent phenomenon has occurred in the DC breaker 103 or the AC breaker 104, and the embodiments of the present application are not limited thereto.

[0102] According to an embodiment of the present application, the control device 1022 can control the corresponding breaker to disconnect when the current passing through the DC breaker 103 or the AC breaker 104 increases significantly. The control method is simple and reliable.

[0103] In some embodiments, in response to the current passing through any phase bridge arm being greater than the third current, or the rate of change of the current passing through any phase bridge arm being greater than the third current rate, the control device 1022 first controls the DC drive module 1031 to drive the DC disconnect module 1032, and then controls the AC drive module 1041 to drive the AC disconnect module 1042.

[0104] It can be understood that if a single switch module in any one of the three-phase bridge arms 1021 is short-circuited, the current on the phase bridge arm will increase significantly when the switch tube module is closed. At this time, in order to avoid the short-circuit fault of the switch module from spreading through the DC bus, the control device 1022 can first control the DC drive module 1031 to drive the DC disconnect module 1032, thereby disconnecting the connection between the three-phase bridge arm 1021 and the DC bus, and avoiding the electric vehicle 01 from being abandoned.

[0105] Furthermore, when the motor 101 is a synchronous motor, if a single switch module in any one of the three-phase bridge arms 1021 is short-circuited, the current on the phase bridge arm will significantly increase when the switch module is closed. If the fault of the switch module is not isolated at this time, the short-circuit current generated will cause the synchronous motor to generate a large braking torque, thereby affecting driving safety. Therefore, the control device 1022 needs to control the AC breaker 104 to disconnect the connection between the three-phase bridge arm 1021 and the motor 101 when the current passing through any one of the three-phase bridge arms 1021 is greater than the third current or when the rate of increase of the current passing through any one of the phase bridge arms is greater than the third current rate. The at least two-phase bridge arms may include the phase bridge arm to which the failed switch module belongs, or may not include the phase bridge arm, and this embodiment of the application is not limited to this.

[0106] It is understood that the motor controller 102 may include an N-phase bridge arm and be connected to the N-phase winding of the motor 101, where N is a positive integer greater than 2. This application is described using N as 3. Similar methods can be used when N is other values, and no further description is given here. When the motor controller 102 includes an N-phase bridge arm, the control device 1022 may control the AC breaker 104 to disconnect the N-1 phase bridge arm from the N-1 phase winding connected to the motor 101.

[0107] According to an embodiment of the present application, when the current passing through any phase arm of the three-phase bridge arm increases significantly, the control device 1022 can first control the DC breaker 103 to disconnect to prevent the internal fault of the powertrain 10 from spreading along the DC bus, and then control the AC breaker 104 to disconnect to prevent the switch module in the three-phase bridge arm from failing and causing the motor 101 in the powertrain to generate braking torque, so that the vehicle will not suddenly decelerate even when power is lost, further improving driving safety.

[0108] In some embodiments, in response to a decrease rate of the voltage between the positive DC bus and the negative DC bus being greater than a first voltage rate, the control device 1022 controls the DC driving module 1031 to drive the DC disconnecting module 1032. In response to a decrease rate of the phase voltage between any two phase windings of the three-phase windings of the motor 101 being greater than a second voltage rate, the control device 1022 controls the AC driving module 1041 to drive the AC disconnecting module 1042.

[0109] The first voltage rate can be understood as a relatively large rate of voltage change. When a short circuit fault occurs in an electrical component within the motor controller 102, such as any switch module in the three-phase bridge arm 1021, the voltage between the positive DC bus and the negative DC bus will drop rapidly. Therefore, the control device 1022 can control the DC drive module 1031 to drive the DC disconnect module 1032 when the rate of voltage drop between the positive DC bus and the negative DC bus exceeds the first voltage rate, thereby disconnecting the powertrain 10 from the DC bus, thereby preventing the internal fault of the powertrain 10 from spreading to other high-voltage electrical components.

[0110] Moreover, when a short circuit fault occurs in a high-voltage electrical component connected to the DC bus, the voltage between the positive DC bus and the negative DC bus will also drop rapidly. Therefore, the control device 1022 controls the DC drive module 1031 to drive the DC disconnect module 1032 when the voltage drop rate between the positive DC bus and the negative DC bus is greater than the first voltage rate, which can also prevent the fault of other electrical components from spreading to the interior of the powertrain 10, thereby improving the safety of the powertrain 10.

[0111] The second voltage rate can be understood as a relatively large voltage change rate. When a short circuit fault occurs in any phase of the three-phase winding of the motor 101, the phase voltage between the faulty phase winding and the other phase winding will drop rapidly. Therefore, the control device 1022 can control the AC drive module 1041 to drive the AC disconnect module 1042 when the rate of decrease of the phase voltage between any two phase windings in the three-phase winding of the motor 101 is greater than the second voltage rate, thereby disconnecting the connection between the motor controller 102 and the motor 101, preventing the fault of the motor 101 from spreading to the motor controller 102, and improving the safety of the powertrain 10.

[0112] According to an embodiment of the present application, the control device 1022 can control the operation of the DC breaker 103 according to the voltage change between the positive and negative DC bus bars, and can also control the operation of the AC breaker 104 according to the phase voltage change between any two phase windings in the motor 101. The control method is simple and has high reliability.

[0113] In some embodiments, the motor controller 102 further includes a temperature sensor, and when the temperature indicated by the temperature sensor is greater than a preset temperature value, the DC protection switch is disconnected. The temperature sensor here can be arranged on the shell surface of the motor controller 102, the heat dissipation channel inside the motor controller 102, or the power device and other electrical components of the motor controller 102. When the temperature indicated by the temperature sensor is too high, it means that the motor controller 102 may have a fault, and the control device 1022 promptly controls the DC breaker 103 to disconnect to avoid overheating of the motor controller 102. In the embodiment of the present application, one temperature sensor can be set, and multiple temperature sensors can also be set.

[0114] In some embodiments, a first temperature sensor is provided on the surface of the circuit board of the motor controller 102, and a second temperature sensor is provided on the inner surface of the housing of the motor controller 102. When the temperature indicated by the first temperature sensor is greater than a first preset temperature value or when the temperature indicated by the second temperature sensor is greater than a second preset temperature value, the DC protection switch is disconnected. The first preset temperature value is greater than the second temperature value. Since the over-temperature location of the motor controller 102 is generally on the circuit component, when the motor controller 102 is over-temperature, the temperature at the circuit board is greater than the temperature at the housing. Therefore, when determining whether the motor controller 102 is over-temperature, the first preset temperature value is greater than the second temperature value.

[0115] In some embodiments, when the average of the temperature indicated by the first temperature sensor and the temperature indicated by the second temperature sensor is greater than a third preset temperature value, the DC breaker 103 is disconnected. Simultaneously considering the temperature values collected by multiple temperature sensors when making an over-temperature determination can avoid inaccurate determinations caused by failure of a single temperature sensor.

[0116] In some embodiments, when the control device 1022 is independent of the control circuit for controlling the three-phase bridge arm 1021, the control device 1022 can transmit received current signals, voltage signals, temperature signals, etc. to the control circuit of the three-phase bridge arm 1021, and the control circuit can determine whether to activate the DC breaker 103 and / or the AC breaker 104. Furthermore, the control device 1022 will only drive the DC drive module 1031 and / or the AC drive module 1041 after receiving the control signal from the control circuit. In this way, the control circuit of the three-phase bridge arm 1021 determines whether to activate the DC breaker 103 and / or the AC breaker 104, thereby improving control reliability.

[0117] In some embodiments, the control device 1022 is further configured to control the magnitude and frequency of the alternating current output by the three-phase bridge arm 1021 to the motor 101. In other words, the control device 1022 can also serve as a control circuit for the three-phase bridge arm 1021. Specifically, the control device 1022 can control the magnitude and frequency of the alternating current output from the midpoint of the three-phase bridge arm 1021 to the three-phase windings of the motor 101 by controlling the on and off switching of the switches in the three-phase bridge arm 1021.

[0118] According to an embodiment of the present application, the motor controller 102 can reuse the control device 1022 to realize the control of the switching tube in the three-phase bridge arm 1021, so that the integration of the motor controller 102 is higher, which is beneficial to the cost and volume control of the motor controller 102, and can further reduce the structural complexity of the motor controller 102.

[0119] Combined with the following Figure 5 and Figure 6 The specific structures of the DC breaker 103 and the AC breaker 104 provided in the embodiment of the present application are described.

[0120] like Figure 5 As shown, the DC breaker 103 may include a DC drive module 1031, a DC disconnect module 1032, and a housing 1033. The housing 1033 is used to accommodate at least the DC disconnect module 1032. The DC disconnect module 1032 may include a conductor a and an actuator b. During normal operation of the motor controller 102, the power battery can supply power to the three-phase bridge arm 1021 via the DC bus and the conductor a in the DC disconnect module 1032. When a short circuit fault occurs in the power assembly 10, the control device 1022 can output a drive signal to the DC drive module 1031, thereby controlling the actuator b to quickly disconnect the conductor a, thereby stopping the power battery from supplying power to the power assembly 10.

[0121] Continue to see Figure 5When conductor a is connected in series between the positive input terminal of the three-phase bridge arm 1021 and the positive DC bus, the DC drive module 1031 is used to drive the actuator b to disconnect the three-phase bridge arm 1021 from the positive DC bus. It will be understood that when conductor a is connected in series between the negative input terminal of the three-phase bridge arm 1021 and the negative DC bus, the DC drive module 1031 is used to drive the actuator b to disconnect the three-phase bridge arm 1021 from the negative DC bus. When the DC breaker 103 is connected in series between the two ends of the three-phase bridge arm 1021 and the positive DC bus and the negative DC bus, the DC disconnect module 1032 may include two conductors a1 and a2. Conductor a1 may be connected in series between the positive input terminal of the three-phase bridge arm 1021 and the positive DC bus, and conductor a2 may be connected in series between the negative input terminal of the three-phase bridge arm 1021 and the negative DC bus. When a short circuit occurs in the powertrain 10, the control device 1022 can output a drive signal to the DC drive module 1031, thereby controlling the actuator b to quickly disconnect the conductors a1 and a2, thereby stopping the power supply from the power battery to the powertrain 10. It will be readily understood that the DC drive module 1031 can drive one actuator b to disconnect the two conductors sequentially, or it can drive two actuators to disconnect the two conductors separately, without limitation.

[0122] In some embodiments, conductor a can be designed as a structure that can be quickly cut off. For example, conductor a can be designed as a copper busbar with a weak point, and the actuator b can respond to the driving signal sent by the DC disconnect module 1032 to quickly cut off the weak point of the copper busbar.

[0123] It can be understood that the structure of the AC breaker 104 and the specific method of the motor controller 102 controlling the AC breaker 104 can refer to the above content and will not be described in detail.

[0124] Continue to see Figure 5 In some embodiments, the DC breaker 103 may further include two switch modules 1034 and 1035 connected in series. The two switch modules 1034 and 1035 are used to connect the control device 1022 and the DC disconnect module 1032. The control device 1022 can control the DC drive module 1031 to drive both switch modules 1034 and 1035 to conduct, so that the DC disconnect module 1032 disconnects the connection between the three-phase bridge arm 1021 and the DC bus.

[0125] One end of the switch module 1034 is connected to the actuator b in the DC disconnect module 1032, and the other end is connected to one end of the switch module 1035. The other end of the switch module 1035 is connected to the control device 1022. Thus, after the DC drive module 1031 drives both switch modules 1034 and 1035 to conduct, the connection between the control device 1022 and the actuator b is established. At this point, the control device 1022 can supply power to the actuator b, causing the actuator b to quickly disconnect conductor a, thereby disconnecting the three-phase bridge arm 1021 from the DC bus.

[0126] In some embodiments, for a switch module with a specific structure, the control device 1022 can also control both switch modules 1034 and 1035 to be turned off, so that the DC disconnect module 1032 disconnects the connection between the three-phase bridge arm 1021 and the DC bus.

[0127] It is understood that a separate auxiliary power supply (not shown) may also be provided in the DC breaker 103 to power the actuator b. In this case, the two ends of the two switch modules 1034 and 1035 are used to connect the auxiliary power supply to the actuator b. The control device 1022 can control the DC drive module 1031 to drive the two switch modules 1034 and 1035 to operate synchronously, so that the auxiliary power supply can power the actuator b.

[0128] It can be understood that the above-mentioned switch module 1034 and switch module 1035 may include one or more switches or switch tubes, and the multiple switches or switch tubes may be one or more of various types of switch tubes such as relays, metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistors (MOSFETs), bipolar junction transistors (BJTs), insulated gate bipolar transistors (IGBTs), etc., which are not listed one by one in the embodiments of the present application. Each switch tube includes a first electrode, a second electrode and a control electrode, wherein the DC drive module 1031 is used to connect the control electrode of the switch tube to control the conduction and shutdown of the switch tube. Taking a MOSFET tube as an example, the control electrode of the switch tube is the gate, the first electrode of the switch tube may be the source of the switch tube, the second electrode may be the drain of the switch tube, or the first electrode may be the drain of the switch tube, and the second electrode may be the source of the switch tube.

[0129] It can be understood that the two switch modules 1034 and 1035 can be centrally arranged on the control device 1022 side or the DC breaker 103 side (for example, housed in the housing 1033 of the DC breaker 103), or they can be arranged separately, that is, one switch module is arranged on the control device 1022 side and the other switch module is arranged on the DC breaker 103 side. This is not limited in the embodiments of the present application.

[0130] According to an embodiment of the present application, the control device 1022 needs to control the two switch modules 1034 and 1035 to operate synchronously so that the actuator b can receive power from the control device 1022 and quickly cut off the conductor a. This can effectively avoid the situation where the control device 1022 controls the actuator b to malfunction due to failure of the switch module when only one switch module is set in the breaker, thereby ensuring the stability and reliability of the DC breaker 103.

[0131] In some embodiments, in response to the control device 1022 being powered on, the control device 1022 can also control the DC drive module 1031 to drive one switch module to be turned on and then turned off, and control the DC drive module 1031 to drive another switch module to be turned on and then turned off within a preset time period after the one switch module is turned off.

[0132] Powering on the control device 1022 can be understood as powering on the motor controller 102. In this embodiment of the present application, whenever the motor controller 102 is awakened and powered on, the control device 1022 controls the DC driver module 1031 to perform a self-test on the two switch modules. Because the simultaneous operation of the two switch modules will activate the DC segmentation module 1032, the control device 1022 needs to control the DC driver module 1031 to sequentially turn on the two switch modules 1034 and 1035 to detect whether the two switch modules are in a controlled state.

[0133] The preset duration can be understood as a very short duration. After one switch module has been disconnected for the preset duration, the control device 1022 controls the DC driver module 1031 to turn on the other switch module. This ensures that the two switch modules are not turned on simultaneously, thereby preventing malfunction of the DC disconnect module 1032. For example, the preset duration can be 1 ms or 0, and this is not limited in this embodiment of the present application.

[0134] It is understood that the embodiment of the present application does not limit the order in which the control device 1022 controls the two switch modules to be turned on and off. For example, the control device 1022 may first control the DC driver module 1031 to drive the switch module 1034 to be turned on and then turned off, and then control the DC driver module 1031 to drive the switch module 1035 to be turned on and then turned off within a preset time period after the switch module 1034 is turned off.

[0135] According to the embodiment of the present application, the control device 1022 performs a self-test on the two switch modules in the DC breaker 103 when powered on, thereby improving the stability and reliability of the DC breaker 103 and making the motor controller 102 safer.

[0136] In some embodiments, in the process of controlling the DC drive module 1031 to drive a switch module to turn on and then turn off, and controlling the DC drive module 1031 to drive another switch module to turn on and then turn off within a preset time after the switch module is turned off, in response to any switch module failing to turn on or off, or the interval between the turn-on moments of the two switch modules or the interval between the turn-off moments of the two switch modules is greater than the preset time, the control device 1022 outputs a fault signal, which is used to indicate a fault in the DC breaker 103.

[0137] Among them, the DC disconnect module 1032 requires the synchronous operation of two switch modules to operate normally, and the failure of any switch module to turn on or off can be understood as the control device 1022 being unable to control the operation of any switch module. This means that even if a short circuit fault occurs in the powertrain 10, the DC breaker 103 cannot disconnect the connection between the three-phase bridge arm 1021 and the DC bus. Therefore, the control device 1022 will regard this situation as a fault of the DC breaker 103.

[0138] Among them, the interval between the conduction moments of the two switch modules or the interval between the shutdown moments of the two switch modules is greater than the preset time length, which can be understood as a delay in the control of at least one of the switch modules by the control device 1022. If the DC breaker 103 has a control delay on any switch module when the powertrain 10 fails, there may be a situation where the DC breaker 103 cannot be shut down in time, causing the short-circuit fault on the powertrain 10 side to spread to other high-voltage electrical components of the electric vehicle 01. Therefore, the control device 1022 will regard this situation as a failure of the DC breaker 103.

[0139] That is, during the self-test of the two modules in the DC breaker 103 by the control device 1022, if any of the switch modules fails to turn on or off normally, or if there is a delay in the on or off control of any of the switch modules, a fault signal will be output to other controllers in the electric vehicle 01 to serve as an alarm. For example, the control device 1022 can output a fault signal to the vehicle controller of the electric vehicle 01, and the vehicle controller can prompt the driver of the DC breaker 103 in the powertrain 10 to have a fault through the in-vehicle display, audio, flashing ambient lights, etc. Furthermore, the vehicle controller can also display a preset animation on the in-vehicle display to guide the driver to go to a maintenance point for inspection and repair as soon as possible. For another example, the control device 1022 can also send a signal to the battery management system (BMS) of the power battery, so that the BMS can cut off the DC bus switch more promptly when the current in the DC bus increases significantly, thereby preventing the short-circuit current from damaging the battery cells in the power battery and other high-voltage electrical components of the electric vehicle 01.

[0140] According to an embodiment of the present application, during the self-inspection of the two switch modules in the DC breaker 103 by the control device 1022, if any switch module becomes uncontrolled or has a large time delay, it will actively output a fault signal to other controllers of the electric vehicle 01, so that the driver can understand the fault condition of the powertrain 10 in a timely manner and ensure the safety of the electric vehicle 01.

[0141] Continue to see Figure 5 In some embodiments, the housing 1033 of the DC breaker 103 is used to accommodate the DC drive module 1031, the DC disconnect module 1032, the control device 1022, and the two switch modules 1034 and 1035. In other words, the control device 1022 can be integrated into the DC breaker 103, allowing the DC breaker 103 to control not only its own operation but also the operation of the AC breaker 104.

[0142] Specifically, the control device 1022 can be connected to the DC disconnect module 1032 through two switch modules 1034 and 1035 and internal lines, which can shorten the power supply path from the control device 1022 to the DC disconnect module 1032, and the control device 1022 is also connected to the DC drive module 1031 through internal lines, which can shorten the control path from the control device 1022 to the DC drive module 1031, which is beneficial to the control delay of the control device 1022 on the DC breaker 103.

[0143] It is understandable that the control device 1022 can also be connected to the AC drive module 1041 through an interface on the surface of the housing 1033 , thereby controlling the on and off of the AC disconnect module 1042 .

[0144] According to an embodiment of the present application, by integrating the control device 1022 inside the housing 1033 of the DC breaker 103, the control delay of the DC breaker 103 can be shortened, ensuring that the internal fault of the powertrain 10 will not spread along the DC bus, and further improving the reliability of the motor controller 102 in isolating the fault.

[0145] In some embodiments, the AC breaker 104 may also include two switch modules 1044 and 1045 (not shown in the figure) for connecting the control device 1022 and the AC disconnect module 1042, and the control device 1022 needs to drive the AC drive module 1041 to drive the two switch modules 1044 and 1045 to operate synchronously so that the control device 1022 can power the AC disconnect module 1042 to disconnect the connection between the midpoint of the bridge arm of at least two phases and the corresponding at least two phase windings.

[0146] It is understandable that the control device 1022 can also perform self-test on the two switch modules 1044 and 1045 in the AC breaker 104 when powered on. The specific method can be referred to the relevant content above and will not be repeated here.

[0147] According to the embodiment of the present application, the DC breaker 103 and the AC breaker 104 have the same structure, eliminating the need for the control device 1022 to control the two breakers in different ways, thereby reducing the control complexity of the two breakers. Furthermore, using breakers of the same structure as both the DC and AC breakers in the motor controller reduces the cost and complexity of installing and replacing the breakers.

[0148] In some embodiments, the AC breaker 104 and the DC breaker 103 can reuse a switch module. Figure 5 The AC breaker 104 includes a first switch module 1044. One end of the first switch module 1044 is connected to the AC disconnect module 1042. The other end of the first switch module 1044 is connected to one end of the second switch module of the two switch modules 1034 and 1035. The other end of the second switch module is connected to the control device 1022. The control device 1022 is specifically configured to control the AC drive module 1041 to drive the first switch module 1044 and the second switch module so that the AC disconnect module 1042 disconnects the connection between the midpoint of at least two phase bridge arms and the at least two phase windings. In other words, the AC breaker 104 can include only one switch module, while the other switch module reuses a switch module of the DC breaker 103.

[0149] It is understood that the second switch module can be either of the two switch modules 1034 and 1035, and this application is not limited thereto. Furthermore, both the AC drive module 1041 and the DC drive module 1042 can control the on and off operation of the second switch module. When a short circuit occurs in any phase winding of the motor 101, the control device 1022 can control the AC drive module 1041 to drive the first switch module 1044 and the second switch module to operate synchronously, thereby controlling the actuator b in the AC disconnect module 1042 to disconnect the conductor a, thereby disconnecting the midpoint of the at least two-phase bridge arm and the at least two-phase winding.

[0150] It is understood that when the two switch modules 1034 and 1035 are integrated with the control device 1022 and the DC driver module 1031 on the DC breaker side, the AC driver module 1041 can be used only to drive the first switch module 1044, while the second switch module is driven by the DC driver module 1031. Specifically, when a short circuit fault occurs in any phase winding of the motor 101, the control device 1022 can control the AC driver module 1041 to drive the first switch module 1044, and control the DC driver module 1031 to drive the second switch module to operate synchronously, thereby activating the AC disconnect module 1042.

[0151] According to the embodiment of the present application, the DC breaker 103 and the AC breaker 104 can share a switch module, which reduces the number of switch modules that the control device 1022 needs to control and reduces the control complexity.

[0152] Furthermore, in some embodiments, the housing 1033 of the DC breaker 103 is also used to accommodate the AC drive module 1041 and the first switch module 1044 .

[0153] According to an embodiment of the present application, AC driver module 1041, two switch modules of DC breaker 103, and one switch module of the AC breaker are all integrated within the housing of DC breaker 103. This allows AC driver module 1041 to more stably control the first switch module and the reused second switch module. Furthermore, the internal structure of AC driver module 1041 is simpler, resulting in greater reliability.

[0154] In some embodiments, in the process of controlling the AC drive module 1041 to drive the first switch module 1044 and the second switch module to turn on, in response to the failure of the first switch module 1044 to turn on, the control device 1022 controls the DC drive module 1031 to drive both switch modules 1034 and 1035 to turn on so that the DC disconnect module 1032 disconnects the connection between the three-phase bridge arm 1021 and the DC bus.

[0155] It is understood that when a short circuit fault occurs in the winding of the motor 101, if the first switch module 1044 fails and cannot be controlled to turn on or off during the process in which the control device 1022 controls the AC breaker 104 to disconnect the connection between the bridge arm midpoint and the winding, the control device 1022 can control the DC breaker 103 to disconnect the connection between the three-phase bridge arm 1021 and the DC bus, thereby severing the connection between the powertrain 10 and the DC bus and preventing the fault from spreading in the motor 101. Specifically, the control device 1022 can control the DC drive module 1031 to drive the two switch modules 1034 and 1035 to operate synchronously, so that the actuator b in the DC disconnect module 1032 cuts off the conductor a to disconnect the connection between the three-phase bridge arm 1021 and the DC bus.

[0156] According to an embodiment of the present application, when a short circuit fault occurs in motor 101 and AC breaker 104 cannot be controlled to disconnect, control device 1022 can also control DC breaker 103 to disconnect, preventing the short circuit fault of motor 101 from spreading through the DC bus to other high-voltage electrical components of electric vehicle 01, further improving the safety of electric vehicle 01. Furthermore, because DC breaker 103 and AC breaker 104 are controlled by the same control device 1022, the delay in controlling the disconnection of DC breaker 103 when AC breaker 104 fails can be shortened, further improving the reliability of motor controller 102 in isolating faults.

[0157] In some embodiments, the motor controller 102 includes a circuit board 1024 , which is used to carry electrical components of the DC drive module 1031 , the AC drive module 1041 , and the control device 1022 .

[0158] It can be understood that by carrying the electrical components of the DC drive module 1031, the AC drive module 1041 and the control device 1022 on a circuit board 1024, or integrating the DC drive module 1031, the AC drive module 1041 and the control device 1022 on the same circuit board, the path for the control device 1022 to transmit the control signal to the DC drive module 1031 and to the AC drive module 1041 can be shortened, thereby reducing the interference received by the control signal during the transmission process, which is conducive to improving the stability and reliability of the control.

[0159] See also Figure 6In some embodiments, circuit board 1024 can be a dedicated circuit board within motor controller 102 for carrying the electrical components of DC drive module 1031, AC drive module 1041, and control device 1022. This circuit board is independent of the circuit board for carrying the electrical components of three-phase bridge arm 1021 or the electrical components of the control circuit of three-phase bridge arm 1021. This helps further reduce electromagnetic interference on the control signal output by control device 1022, ensuring control stability.

[0160] In some embodiments, when the control circuits of the control device 1022 and the three-phase bridge arm 1021 are independent circuits, the circuit board 1024 can also carry electrical components of the control circuit that controls the three-phase bridge arm 1021, further improving the integration of the motor controller 102.

[0161] In some embodiments, the circuit board 1024 may also be used to carry electrical components of the three-phase bridge arm 1021 , further improving the integration of the motor controller 102 .

[0162] According to an embodiment of the present application, the motor controller 102 uses a separate circuit board to carry the DC drive module 1031, the AC drive module 1041 and the electrical components of the control device 1022, so that the DC breaker 103 and the AC breaker 104 can only be used as actuators to conduct or disconnect the connection at both ends of each other. The structure is simple and reliable, and can also reduce the complexity and cost of installing and maintaining the two breakers.

[0163] Continue to see Figure 6 The circuit board 1024 can also be used to carry the above-mentioned two switch modules 1034 and 1035, as well as the first switch module 1044. In this way, the shell 1033 of the DC breaker 103 only includes the DC disconnect module 1032, and the shell 1043 of the AC breaker 104 only includes the AC disconnect module 1042, which is conducive to reducing the complexity of installing and maintaining the DC breaker 103 and the AC breaker 104.

[0164] like Figure 7 As shown, in some embodiments, for Figure 2For the hybrid vehicle shown in (c) of FIG, the dual-motor controller 303 is used to receive power from the power battery to drive the electric vehicle's drive motor or to transfer power generated by the generator to the power battery for charging. The dual-motor controller 303 includes a dual-motor controller housing, a generator power circuit 303a, a motor power circuit 303b, a control device 303c, a DC breaker 304, and two AC breakers 305 and 306. The dual-motor controller housing is used to accommodate the generator power circuit 303a, the motor power circuit 303b, and the DC breaker. The dual-motor controller housing includes a high-voltage DC port. The dual-motor controller 303 is used to receive power from the power battery or charge the power battery through this high-voltage DC port. The motor power circuit 303b is used to receive DC power from the high-voltage DC port through the DC breaker 304. The generator power circuit 303a is used to receive AC power generated by the generator and output DC power to the high-voltage DC port through the DC breaker 304. The DC breaker 304 is used to connect or disconnect the motor power circuit 303b and the generator power circuit 303a with the high-voltage DC port. Each AC breaker includes an AC drive module and an AC disconnect module. The AC drive module 3051 in one AC breaker 305 is used to drive the AC disconnect module 3052 to disconnect the generator power circuit 303a from the generator 302. The AC drive module 3061 in the other AC breaker 306 is used to drive the AC disconnect module 3062 to disconnect the motor power circuit 303b from the motor 301. The control device 303c is used to control the operation of the DC breaker 404 and the two AC breakers 405 and 406.

[0165] like Figure 8 As shown, in some embodiments, for Figure 2For the central distributed electric vehicle shown in (d) of FIG, the distributed powertrain 40 includes a dual-motor controller 403 and two motors. The distributed powertrain 40 is used to drive the two front wheels or the two rear wheels of the electric vehicle. The dual-motor controller 403 includes a first inverter circuit 4031, a second inverter circuit 4032, a control device 4033, a DC breaker 404, and two AC breakers 405 and 406. The first inverter circuit 4031 is used to receive power from the DC bus through the DC breaker 404 and output three-phase AC power to the first motor 401. The second inverter circuit 4032 is used to receive power from the DC bus through the same DC breaker 404 and output three-phase AC power to the other motor 402. The DC breaker 404 includes a DC drive module 4041 and a DC disconnect module 4042. The DC drive module 4041 is used to drive the DC disconnect module 4042 to disconnect the first inverter circuit 4031 and the second inverter circuit 4032 from the DC bus. Each AC breaker includes an AC drive module and an AC disconnect module. The AC drive module 4051 in one AC breaker 405 is used to drive the AC disconnect module 4052 to disconnect the first inverter circuit 4031 and the first motor 401. The AC drive module 4061 in the other AC breaker 406 is used to drive the AC disconnect module 4062 to disconnect the second inverter circuit 4032 and the second motor 402. The control device 4033 is used to control the operation of the DC breaker 404 and the two AC breakers 405 and 406.

[0166] According to the embodiment of the present application, the two inverter circuits in the distributed power assembly 40 can be combined to share a common DC breaker to receive DC bus power. This allows the dual-motor controller 403 to be highly integrated and easy to install and use. Furthermore, the two inverter circuits in the distributed power assembly 10 can be connected to the windings of the two motors via two AC breakers, respectively. Therefore, if either motor fails, only the corresponding AC breaker can be disconnected, preventing the electric vehicle 01 from being abandoned.

[0167] like Figure 9 As shown, in some embodiments, for Figure 2For the central distributed electric vehicle shown in (d) of FIG, the electric vehicle includes a distributed powertrain 40, which includes a dual-motor controller 403 and two motors. The distributed powertrain 40 is used to drive the two front wheels or the two rear wheels of the electric vehicle. The dual-motor controller 403 includes a first inverter circuit 4031, a second inverter circuit 4032, a control device 4033, two DC breakers 404 and 405, and two AC breakers 406 and 407. The first inverter circuit 4031 is used to receive power from the DC bus through the DC breaker 404 and output three-phase AC power to the first motor 401, and the second inverter circuit 4032 is used to receive power from the DC bus through the DC breaker 405 and output three-phase AC power to the other motor 402. Each DC breaker includes a DC drive module and a DC disconnect module. The DC drive module 4041 in DC breaker 404 drives the DC disconnect module 4042 to disconnect the first inverter circuit 4031 from the DC bus. The DC drive module 4051 in DC breaker 405 drives the DC disconnect module 4052 to disconnect the second inverter circuit 4032 from the DC bus. Each AC breaker includes an AC drive module and an AC disconnect module. The AC drive module 4061 in one AC breaker 406 drives the AC disconnect module 4062 to disconnect the first inverter circuit 4031 from the first motor 401. The AC drive module 4071 in the other AC breaker 407 drives the AC disconnect module 4072 to disconnect the second inverter circuit 4032 from the second motor 402. A control device 4033 controls the operation of the two DC breakers 404 and 405, and the two AC breakers 406 and 407.

[0168] According to an embodiment of the present application, the two inverter circuits in the distributed powertrain 40 can each receive DC bus power through two DC breakers. This allows the corresponding DC breaker to be disconnected when a fault occurs in either inverter circuit, preventing the spread of the fault in either inverter circuit and improving the safety of the dual-motor controller 403. Furthermore, the two inverter circuits in the distributed powertrain 10 can each be connected to the windings of the two motors through two AC breakers. This allows only the corresponding AC breaker to be disconnected when a fault occurs in either motor, preventing the electric vehicle 01 from being abandoned.

[0169] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of the present application, but the scope of protection of the present application is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by a person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in this application should be included in the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be based on the scope of protection of the claims.

Claims

1. A motor controller for achieving fault isolation, characterized in that: The motor controller is used to receive power from the power battery through the DC bus and output AC power to the drive motor to drive the drive motor. The motor controller includes: A three-phase bridge arm, wherein both ends of the three-phase bridge arm are used to connect to the power battery via a DC bus, and the midpoint of each phase bridge arm in the three-phase bridge arm is used to connect to a phase winding of the drive motor; A DC breaker, comprising a DC drive module and a DC disconnect module, wherein the DC drive module is configured to drive the DC disconnect module to disconnect the connection between the three-phase bridge arm and the DC bus; An AC breaker, comprising an AC drive module and an AC disconnect module, wherein the AC drive module is configured to drive the AC disconnect module to disconnect the connection between the midpoints of the bridge arms of at least two phases and the corresponding windings of at least two phases; A control device, wherein the control device is used to connect the DC drive module and the AC drive module through internal circuits, and the control device is used to control the DC drive module to drive the DC disconnect module to conduct or disconnect the connection between the three-phase bridge arm and the DC bus, and to control the AC drive module to drive the AC disconnect module to conduct or disconnect the connection between the midpoint of the at least two-phase bridge arm and the at least two-phase winding.

2. The motor controller according to claim 1, characterized in that: The motor controller includes a circuit board, which is used to carry the DC drive module, the AC drive module and the electrical components of the control device.

3. The motor controller according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The DC breaker further includes at least two switch modules connected in series, wherein the at least two switch modules are used to connect the control device and the DC disconnect module, and the control device is specifically used to: The DC driving module is controlled to drive the at least two switch modules to be turned on, so that the DC disconnecting module disconnects the connection between the three-phase bridge arm and the DC bus.

4. The motor controller according to claim 3, characterized in that: The control device is also used for: In response to the control device being powered on, the DC drive module is controlled to drive one of the switch modules to be turned on first and then turned off, and the drive module is controlled to drive the other switch module to be turned on first and then turned off within a preset time period after the one switch module is turned off.

5. The motor controller according to claim 4, characterized in that: In the process of controlling the driving module to drive one of the switch modules to be turned on first and then turned off, and controlling the DC driving module to drive another of the switch modules to be turned on first and then turned off within a preset time period after the one switch module is turned off, the control device is further used to: In response to any one of the switch modules failing to turn on or off, or the interval between the turn-on moments or the interval between the turn-off moments of the two switch modules being greater than the preset time length, a fault signal is output, where the fault signal is used to indicate a fault in the DC breaker.

6. The motor controller according to any one of claims 3 to 5, characterized in that: The housing of the DC breaker is used to accommodate the DC drive module, the DC disconnect module, the control device and at least two switch modules.

7. The motor controller according to any one of claims 3 to 6, characterized in that: The AC breaker further includes a first switch module, one end of which is used to connect to the AC disconnect module, the other end of which is used to connect to one end of a second switch module of the at least two switch modules, and the other end of which is used to connect to the control device. The control device is specifically used to: The AC driving module is controlled to drive the first switch module and the second switch module to be turned on, so that the AC disconnecting module disconnects the connection between the midpoint of the at least two-phase bridge arm and the at least two-phase winding.

8. The motor controller according to claim 7, characterized in that: In the process of controlling the AC driving module to drive the first switch module and the second switch module to be turned on, the control device is further used to: In response to the first switch module failing to turn on, the DC drive module is controlled to drive both the switch modules to turn on so that the DC disconnect module disconnects the connection between the three-phase bridge arm and the DC bus.

9. The motor controller according to claim 7, characterized in that: The housing of the DC breaker is also used to accommodate the AC drive module and the first switch module.

10. The motor controller according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The control device is specifically used for: In response to the current passing through the DC breaker being greater than the first current, or the increasing rate of the current passing through the DC breaker being greater than the first current rate, controlling the DC driving module to drive the DC disconnecting module; or In response to the current passing through the AC breaker being greater than the second current, or the increasing rate of the current passing through the AC breaker being greater than the second current rate, the AC driving module is controlled to drive the AC disconnecting module.

11. The motor controller according to claim 10, characterized in that: The control device is also used for: In response to the current passing through the bridge arm of any phase being greater than the third current, or the increase rate of the current passing through the bridge arm of any phase being greater than the third current rate, the DC drive module is first controlled to drive the DC disconnect module, and then the AC drive module is controlled to drive the AC disconnect module.

12. The motor controller according to any one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that: The DC bus includes a positive DC bus and a negative DC bus, and the control device is specifically used to: In response to a voltage drop rate between the positive DC bus and the negative DC bus being greater than a first voltage rate, controlling the DC driving module to drive the DC disconnecting module; or In response to a decrease rate of the phase voltage between any two phase windings in the three-phase winding being greater than a second voltage rate, the AC driving module is controlled to drive the AC disconnecting module.

13. The motor controller according to any one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that: The control device is further used to control the magnitude and frequency of the alternating current output by the three-phase bridge arm to the drive motor.

14. A distributed powertrain, characterized in that: The distributed powertrain is used to receive power from a power battery and drive two front wheels or two rear wheels of a vehicle. The distributed powertrain includes a dual-motor controller, a first motor, and a second motor. The dual-motor controller includes: a housing for accommodating a first inverter circuit and a second inverter circuit, wherein a surface of the housing includes a high-voltage DC port, wherein the first inverter circuit is configured to receive DC bus power through the high-voltage DC port and output AC power to the first motor, and wherein the second inverter circuit is configured to receive DC bus power through the high-voltage DC port and output AC power to the second motor; A DC breaker, comprising a DC drive module and a DC disconnect module, wherein the DC drive module is configured to drive the DC disconnect module to disconnect the first inverter circuit, the second inverter circuit, and the DC bus; Two AC circuit breakers, each comprising an AC drive module and an AC disconnect module, the AC drive module in one AC circuit breaker being configured to drive the AC disconnect module to disconnect the first inverter circuit and the first motor, and the AC drive module in the other AC circuit breaker being configured to drive the AC disconnect module to disconnect the second inverter circuit and the second motor; A control device is used to control the operation of the DC breaker and the two AC breakers.

15. An electric vehicle, characterized in that: The electric vehicle includes a power battery and a powertrain, the powertrain includes a drive motor and a motor controller according to any one of claims 1 to 13, and the powertrain is used to receive power from the power battery to drive wheels of the electric vehicle.

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