Device and method for testing performance of vegetation substrate in ecologically fragile area

Abstract

The invention discloses a device and a method for testing the performance of a plant growing base material in an ecologically fragile area, belongs to the technical field of material detection, and solves the problem that a soil sample is easy to loosen during existing soil detection, the testing device comprises a frame assembly, a pressing unit and a supporting structure, a plant growing base material in a container is compacted through a downward pressing assembly in the downward pressing unit, the quality of a plant growing base material sample is guaranteed, the downward pressing assembly comprises a rotating cylinder, a fixed cylinder and a downward pressing head, a spiral groove is formed in the rotating cylinder, and a guide column is arranged on the side wall of the container containing the plant growing base material; a guide column and a spiral groove are matched to drive a rotating cylinder, a fixed cylinder and a lower pressing head to rotate so as to rotationally compact a plant growing base material while moving downwards, a supporting structure comprises a supporting rod and a supporting plate, the supporting rod rotates to drive the supporting plate to move and be supported on the side wall of the container, the stability of the container is guaranteed, and the practicability is high. Therefore, the pressing assembly can compact the plant growing base material in the container, and the quality of the plant growing base material is guaranteed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of material detection, and in particular relates to a device and method for testing the performance of vegetation substrates in ecologically fragile areas. Background Art

[0002] An ecologically fragile area is an area with poor ecological carrying capacity and where the drought affects the survival rate of vegetation. In this area, vegetation is greatly affected by the environment. When the environment is harsh, vegetation is prone to die, resulting in soil exposure, which leads to a harsh environment in the area. Therefore, when planting vegetation in an ecologically fragile area, it is necessary to lay a substrate layer in the area. The substrate layer is conducive to the survival and growth of vegetation, thereby facilitating greening operations in ecologically fragile areas. Therefore, substrates are widely used in ecologically fragile areas, and research on substrates has also become a hot topic in this field.

[0003] At present, scholars are keen on the research of vegetation substrates in ecologically fragile areas. The prepared substrates laid in ecologically fragile areas are conducive to the survival and growth of vegetation. Therefore, the performance of the vegetation substrate is particularly important. Before use, the performance of the vegetation substrate needs to be tested to determine whether it meets the needs of vegetation growth.

[0004] There are various types of equipment in the prior art for testing the performance of vegetation substrates. For example, Chinese invention patent CN118641315A discloses a sample preparation device for soil testing and a soil sample penetration test method. The device includes a container, a filling head and an adjustment component. The soil sample is placed in the container, and the container is placed on a supporting platform. The filling head is lifted and set in the container, and a discharge groove is opened at the lower end of the filling head. The adjustment component is rotatably set in the filling head, and the adjustment component is linked to the filling head. When the filling head moves vertically downward, the air in the container is discharged through the discharge groove. When the circumferentially rotating adjustment component is inserted into the discharge groove, the filling head moves downward to compact the soil sample. The device compacts the soil by moving the filling head to prepare the soil sample, so as to facilitate the subsequent penetration test operation.

[0005] Although the above-mentioned device can prepare soil samples, during the process of preparing soil samples, the filling head and the sealing strip move downward synchronously to compact the soil sample. After the soil sample is compacted, the filling head moves upward relative to the sealing strip, causing the lower end of the sealing strip to protrude from the bottom wall of the filling head. At this time, the soil sample contacts the sealing strip. Since the force-bearing area of the sealing strip is small, the soil sample that does not contact the sealing strip will be loose, which can easily lead to inaccurate test results in later tests. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this section is to summarize some aspects of the embodiments of the present invention and briefly introduce some preferred embodiments. Some simplifications or omissions may be made in this section and the abstract and title of this application to avoid obscuring the purpose of this section, the abstract and the title of the invention, and such simplifications or omissions should not be used to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0007] In order to solve the problem that the soil samples prepared by the above device are easily loosened, the present invention adopts the following technical solution.

[0008] A device for testing the performance of a plant substrate in an ecologically fragile area includes a frame assembly, the frame assembly being composed of a fixed base at the bottom and a top frame at the top, a support frame being connected between the fixed base and the top frame, and a container for holding a plant substrate being placed on the fixed base; It also includes a pressing unit, which includes a fixed plate fixedly connected to the frame assembly, a fixed guide rod fixedly connected between the fixed plate and the fixed base, a pressing assembly is provided on the pressing unit, the pressing assembly is slidably assembled with the fixed guide rod, the pressing assembly slides along the fixed guide rod into the container to compact the vegetation substrate in the container, and when the pressing assembly compacts the vegetation substrate, it rotates itself to level the surface of the vegetation substrate in the container.

[0009] Preferably, in the above-mentioned ecologically fragile area vegetation substrate performance testing device, the downward pressure unit also includes a sliding plate, the sliding plate is slidably assembled with the fixed guide rod, and the lower surface of the sliding plate is fixedly connected to a connecting seat, the downward pressure assembly is rotatably connected to the connecting seat, and the downward pressure assembly includes a rotating cylinder and a fixed cylinder coaxially arranged in the rotating cylinder. When the downward pressure assembly moves downward to compact the vegetation substrate in the container, the rotating cylinder is sleeved on the outside of the container, and the fixed cylinder enters the container. The rotation of the rotating cylinder drives the fixed cylinder to rotate, so that the fixed cylinder compacts the vegetation substrate in the container while moving and rotating.

[0010] Preferably, in the above-mentioned device for testing the performance of vegetation substrates in ecologically fragile areas, spiral grooves are distributed on the side walls of the rotating cylinder, and guide columns are distributed on the side walls of the container. When the rotating cylinder moves downward and is sleeved on the outside of the container, the guide columns enter the spiral grooves, and the guide columns and the spiral grooves cooperate to drive the rotating cylinder and the fixed cylinder to rotate.

[0011] Preferably, in the above-mentioned ecologically fragile area vegetation substrate performance testing device, the down-pressure assembly also includes a down-pressure head, which is fixedly installed at the end of the fixed cylinder, and the hollow interior of the down-pressure head is connected to the fixed cylinder, and exhaust holes are evenly distributed on the lower surface of the down-pressure head and the side wall of the fixed cylinder. The down-pressure head enters the container to seal the container, and the air in the container is discharged through the exhaust holes.

[0012] Preferably, in the above-mentioned ecologically fragile zone vegetation substrate performance testing device, a plurality of cutting teeth are distributed on the lower surface of the downward pressure head. When the downward pressure head rotates along with the fixed cylinder and the rotating cylinder during the downward pressure process, the cutting teeth on the lower surface of the downward pressure head cut and crush the fibers in the vegetation substrate, and the cutting teeth flatten the surface of the vegetation substrate.

[0013] Preferably, the above-mentioned ecologically fragile area vegetation substrate performance testing device also includes a driving mechanism, the driving mechanism includes a take-up roller arranged on one side of the fixed base, a traction rope is wound around the take-up roller, and a connecting wheel is installed on the top of the sliding plate, the traction rope passes through the guide wheel and is connected to the connecting wheel, the driving mechanism also includes a driving motor for driving the take-up roller to rotate, the driving motor is a self-locking motor, the power end of the driving motor is connected to a driving gear, and a driven gear is installed on the rotating shaft of the take-up roller, the driving gear is engaged with the driven gear, and the driving motor works to drive the take-up roller to rotate through the cooperation of the driving gear and the driven gear to perform the action of retracting and releasing the traction rope.

[0014] Preferably, the above-mentioned ecologically fragile zone vegetation substrate performance test device also includes a support structure, the support structure includes a protective plate, a slider is fixedly installed at the end of the protective plate, the slider is slidably assembled on the support frame, and a through hole is opened on the protective plate for the end of the container to pass through. The support structure also includes a support rod, one end of the support rod is movably connected to the surface of the fixed base, and the other end of the support rod is movably connected to the support plate, the support plate is an arc structure that matches the outer wall of the container, and a telescopic spring is also connected to the support rod, and the other end of the telescopic spring is connected to the protective plate. The protective plate moves downward to compress the telescopic spring, and the telescopic spring drives the support rod to rotate until the support plate can be tightly pressed against the side wall of the container.

[0015] Preferably, the above-mentioned ecologically fragile zone vegetation substrate performance testing device also includes a support structure, which includes a support rod, one end of the support rod is movably connected to the surface of the fixed base, and the other end of the support rod is movably connected to a support plate, and the support plate is an arc-shaped structure that cooperates with the outer wall of the container. The support rod is connected to the fixed base through a torsion spring, and the elastic force of the torsion spring drives the support rod to rotate so that the support plate can be tightly pressed against the side wall of the container.

[0016] Another aspect of the present invention provides a method for testing the performance of vegetation substrates in ecologically fragile areas, which specifically adopts the following technical solutions.

[0017] A method for testing the performance of vegetation substrates in ecologically fragile areas comprises the following steps: The planting substrate is placed in a container with scale lines distributed on the container, and the initial volume of the planting substrate is obtained according to the scale lines; The vegetation substrate in the container is compacted using the above-mentioned vegetation substrate performance testing device for fragile ecological areas, and the final volume of the compacted vegetation substrate is obtained through the scale line; The porosity of the vegetation substrate can be obtained by calculating the ratio of the difference between the initial volume and the final volume to the initial volume, and a compacted vegetation substrate sample can be obtained.

[0018] Preferably, the above-mentioned method for testing the performance of vegetation substrates in ecologically fragile areas further comprises conducting a permeability test on the compacted vegetation substrate sample, and placing the vegetation substrate in a permeability testing device to detect the permeability of the compacted vegetation substrate.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: The performance testing device for vegetation substrates in ecologically fragile areas of the present invention compacts the vegetation substrate to facilitate testing the porosity and permeability of the vegetation substrate. The testing device compacts the vegetation substrate through a down-pressing assembly, and the rotating cylinder in the down-pressing assembly drives the fixed cylinder and the down-pressing head to rotate through the cooperation of the spiral groove and the guide column, so that the vegetation substrate can be compacted while moving downward and rotating, and the down-pressing head seals the container of the orange vegetation substrate. Exhaust holes are distributed on the down-pressing head and the fixed cylinder to discharge the air in the container. Cutting teeth are also distributed on the down-pressing head to chop the fibers in the vegetation substrate, thereby ensuring the quality of the prepared vegetation substrate and avoiding the loosening of the vegetation substrate. The sample ends of the prepared vegetation substrate are flat and of high quality.

[0020] The performance testing device for vegetation substrates in ecologically fragile areas of the present invention also includes a support structure, which is used to support and protect the container so that the downward pressing component can enter the container to compact the vegetation substrate. The support structure includes a protective plate and a support rod. The end of the support rod is connected to the support plate. The support plate can be fitted on the side wall of the container through the rotation of the support rod to facilitate supporting and protecting the container. Through holes are distributed on the protective plate for the container to pass through, which limits the container to a certain extent, and the compression spring on the protective plate can drive the support rod to rotate through the elastic force so that the support plate can be tightly squeezed on the side wall of the container to support and reinforce the container, thereby ensuring the stability of the container.

[0021] The support structure in the present invention can also be a support rod and a support plate. The support rod is connected to the fixed base of the above-mentioned device through a torsion spring. When the container needs to be supported and reinforced, the torsion spring is stored with force through the rotation of the support rod. After the container is placed on the fixed base, the elastic force of the torsion spring can drive the support rod and the support plate to be tightly supported on the side wall of the container, thereby ensuring the stability of the container and facilitating the downward pressing component to enter the container to compact the vegetation substrate in the container. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of the testing device in the present invention; Figure 2 for Figure 1 Rear view; Figure 3 for Figure 1 Side view of; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of the pressing unit and the frame assembly in the present invention; Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the structure of the down-pressing unit in the present invention; Figure 6 is a cross-sectional view of the downward pressing unit in the present invention; Figure 7 It is a bottom view of the pressing unit in the present invention; Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the structure of the lower pressure head in the present invention; Figure 9 Schematic diagram of the structure of the driving mechanism of the present invention; Figure 10 Schematic diagram of the structure of the support structure of the present invention; Figure 11 It is a schematic diagram of the coordination between the support structure and the pressing unit in the present invention.

[0023] The corresponding relationship between the illustration labels and component names in the figure is as follows: 100, frame assembly; 200, support structure; 300, pressing unit; 400, driving mechanism; 101. Fixed base; 102. Support frame; 103. Top frame; 201, protective plate; 202, slider; 203, support rod; 204, telescopic spring; 205, support plate; 301, fixed plate; 302, fixed guide rod; 303, sliding plate; 304, connecting wheel; 305, pressing assembly; 401, driving motor; 402, driving gear; 403, driven gear; 404, take-up roller; 405, traction rope; 302a, buffer ring; 302b, buffer spring; 303a, connecting seat; 305a, rotating cylinder; 305b, fixed cylinder; 305c, pressing head; 305d, spiral groove; 305c-1, cutting teeth; 305c-2, exhaust hole. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the specific embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0025] In the following description, many specific details are set forth to facilitate a full understanding of the present invention. However, the present invention may also be implemented in other ways different from those described herein. Those skilled in the art may make similar generalizations without violating the connotation of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0026] Secondly, the term "one embodiment" or "embodiment" herein refers to a specific feature, structure, or characteristic that may be included in at least one implementation of the present invention. The phrase "in one embodiment" appearing in various places throughout this specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor does it refer to a single or selective embodiment that is mutually exclusive of other embodiments. The present invention provides the following embodiments.

[0027] like Figure 1-3 As shown, it is a structural schematic diagram of the performance testing device for vegetation substrates in ecologically fragile areas in this embodiment. The testing device in this embodiment includes a frame assembly 100, on which a pressing unit 300 is installed. A container is placed on the frame assembly 100, and the container contains the vegetation substrate. The vegetation substrate is pressed down by the pressing unit 300, and a sample of the vegetation substrate can be obtained after compaction.

[0028] like Figure 1 As shown, the frame assembly 100 in this embodiment includes a fixed base 101, a support frame 102 is fixedly mounted on the fixed base 101, and a top frame 103 is fixedly connected to the top of the support frame 102. The fixed base 101, the support frame 102 and the top frame 103 together constitute a stable frame assembly 100. In this embodiment, a container is placed on the fixed base 101, and the container contains a plant substrate. A pressing unit 300 is installed on the frame assembly 100, and the pressing unit 300 moves along the height direction of the support frame 102, so that the plant substrate in the container can be pressed down to obtain a sample of the plant substrate.

[0029] like Figure 2 As shown and Figure 3 As shown, the pressing unit 300 in this embodiment includes a fixed guide rod 302 fixedly mounted on the fixed base 101, the top of the fixed guide rod 302 is connected to the fixed plate 301, and the pressing unit 300 also includes a sliding plate 303 slidably mounted on the fixed guide rod 302, both ends of the sliding plate 303 are sleeved on the fixed guide rod 302 and can slide along the length direction of the fixed guide rod 302. In this embodiment, the bottom of the sliding plate 303 is connected to a pressing component 305. When the sliding plate 303 moves along the length direction of the fixed guide rod 302, the pressing component 305 moves with the sliding plate 303 so that the pressing component 305 enters the container to compact the vegetation substrate in the container to obtain a sample of the vegetation substrate.

[0030] like Figure 2 As shown, the performance testing device for vegetation substrates in ecologically fragile areas in this embodiment is to obtain a sample by pressing the down-pressing component 305 into the container to compact the vegetation substrate. In order to avoid the problem of the down-pressing component 305 pressing too fast and causing the impact on the container and thus causing damage to the container, as shown in FIG. Figure 2 As shown, in this embodiment, the fixed guide rod 302 is also provided with a buffer mechanism to buffer the speed of the pressing assembly 305. The buffer mechanism includes a buffer spring 302b mounted on the fixed guide rod 302. One end of the buffer spring 302b is connected to the fixed base 101, and the other end of the buffer spring 302b is connected to a buffer ring 302a. The buffer ring 302a is mounted on the fixed guide rod 302. When the pressing assembly 305 follows the sliding plate 303 downward to enter the container to compact the planting substrate, the sliding plate 303 moves downward and contacts the buffer ring 302a to compress the buffer spring 302b. The spring 302b buffers the sliding speed of the sliding plate 303, preventing the buffer plate 303 and the pressing assembly 305 from sliding too fast and causing excessive impact on the container, thereby damaging the container. The buffer spring 302b and the buffer ring 302a in this embodiment cooperate to form a buffer mechanism to buffer the pressing assembly 305, effectively protecting the container and preventing damage to the container.

[0031] like Figures 3 to 8 As shown, in this embodiment, the lower surface of the sliding plate 303 is fixedly connected to the connecting seat 303a, and the pressing assembly 305 in this embodiment also includes a rotating cylinder 305a and a fixed cylinder 305b coaxially arranged with the rotating cylinder 305a. In this embodiment, the rotating cylinder 305a is rotatably set on the connecting seat 303a, and the fixed cylinder 305b is located in the rotating cylinder 305a. When the rotating cylinder 305a rotates relative to the connecting seat 303a, the rotating cylinder 305a can drive the fixed cylinder 305b to rotate synchronously.

[0032] In this embodiment, when the sliding plate 303 descends, the rotating cylinder 305a is sleeved on the outside of the container, and the fixed cylinder 305b enters the container. The fixed cylinder 305b compacts the vegetation substrate in the container to obtain a sample of the vegetation substrate.

[0033] like Figures 5-8As shown, in this embodiment, in order to ensure the quality of the plant substrate sample, the end of the fixed cylinder 305b in this embodiment is fixedly connected with a pressure head 305c, and the pressure head 305c is a hollow structure connected to the interior of the fixed cylinder 305b. In this embodiment, when the pressure head 305c follows the fixed cylinder 305b into the container, the pressure head 305c is used to seal the container, and the pressure head 305c follows the fixed cylinder 305b to descend to compact the plant substrate in the container to ensure the quality of the vertical substrate sample. Since the pressure head 305c presses the container, the pressure head 305c is pressed against the container. The container is sealed. When the lower pressure head 305c moves downward, the pressure in the container increases, preventing the lower pressure head 305c from descending. In order to avoid this problem, in this embodiment, a plurality of exhaust holes 305c-2 are distributed on the lower surface of the lower pressure head 305c and the surface of the fixed cylinder 305b. When the lower pressure head 305c moves downward in the container, the gas in the container enters the lower pressure head 305c through the exhaust holes 305c-2 and then enters the fixed cylinder 305b and is discharged through the exhaust holes 305c-2, so that the lower pressure head 305c can move smoothly to compact the vegetation substrate.

[0034] In addition, if Figures 5-7 As shown, the surface of the rotating cylinder 305a in this embodiment is provided with a spiral groove 305d along the height direction of the rotating cylinder 305a, and guide posts are distributed on the end side walls of the container. When the rotating cylinder 305a and the fixed cylinder 305b move downward synchronously, the rotating cylinder 305a is sleeved on the container, and the guide posts on the container enter the spiral groove 305d. When the rotating cylinder 305a continues to descend, the cooperation between the spiral groove 305d and the guide posts can drive the rotating cylinder 305a and the fixed cylinder 305b to rotate synchronously, and the fixed cylinder 305b drives the pressing head 305c to rotate synchronously. It can press down the vegetation substrate while also rotating on the surface of the vegetation substrate, thereby making the surface of the vegetation substrate smooth and improving the quality of the end face of the vegetation substrate sample.

[0035] In addition, if Figure 8As shown, as another preferred embodiment of this embodiment, since there are more humus materials and fiber materials in the material of the vegetation substrate, when the fiber material is not crushed, there are more protruding fibers at the end of the prepared vegetation substrate sample in the vegetation substrate, which affects the quality of the vegetation substrate sample. In order to avoid this problem, in this embodiment, a plurality of cutting teeth 305c-1 are distributed on the lower surface of the pressing head 305c. When the pressing head 305c rotates along with the fixed cylinder 305b and the rotating cylinder 305a during the pressing process, the cutting teeth 305c-1 on the lower surface of the pressing head 305c cut and crush the fibers in the vegetation substrate, thereby avoiding the presence of protruding fibers at the end of the prepared vegetation substrate sample and ensuring the quality of the vegetation substrate sample. It should also be noted that the cutting teeth 305c-1 in this embodiment can, on the one hand, chop the fibers; on the other hand, when the surface of the vegetation substrate in the container is uneven, the cutting teeth 305c-1 rotate along with the fixed cylinder 305b and the rotating cylinder 305a, thereby smoothing and flattening the surface of the vegetation substrate, thereby further ensuring the quality of the prepared vegetation substrate sample.

[0036] like Figure 3 as well as Figure 9 As shown, the ecologically fragile zone vegetation substrate performance testing device of this embodiment also includes a drive mechanism 400, which is used to drive the downward pressure unit 300 to move up and down. In this embodiment, the drive mechanism 400 includes a take-up roller 404 disposed on one side of the fixed base 101. A traction rope 405 is wound around the take-up roller 404. A connecting wheel 304 is mounted on the top of the sliding plate 303. The traction rope 405 passes through a guide wheel and is connected to the connecting wheel 304. In this embodiment, when the take-up roller 404 rotates to release the traction rope 405, the sliding plate 303 drives the downward pressure assembly 305 downward into the container, thereby compacting the vegetation substrate in the container to prepare a vegetation substrate sample. When the take-up roller 404 rotates in the opposite direction to retract the traction rope 405, the traction rope 405 drives the sliding plate 303 upward, thereby moving the downward pressure assembly 305 away from the container, facilitating removal of the container and obtaining the vegetation substrate sample.

[0037] The driving mechanism 400 in this embodiment also includes a driving motor 401 for driving the take-up roller 404 to rotate. The driving motor 401 is a self-locking motor. The power end of the driving motor 401 is connected to a driving gear 402, and a driven gear 403 is installed on the rotating shaft of the take-up roller 404. The driving gear 402 is engaged with the driven gear 403. When the driving motor 401 works to drive the driving gear 402 to rotate, the driving gear 402 drives the driven gear 403 to rotate, thereby driving the take-up roller 404 to rotate. It is worth noting that the driving motor 401 in this embodiment is a self-locking motor, which can lock the driving gear 402 when it is not working, thereby preventing the driving gear 402 from rotating, thereby locking the take-up roller 404, and further enabling the down-pressing assembly 305 to be in a stationary state when the driving motor 401 is not working.

[0038] like Figure 3 、 Figure 10-11 As shown, it is a structural diagram of the support structure 200 in this embodiment. The support structure 200 in this embodiment is used to support the container to improve the stability of the container, so that the pressing component 305 can enter the container to compact the planting substrate.

[0039] The support structure 200 in this embodiment includes a protective plate 201, with a slider 202 fixedly mounted on the end of the protective plate 201. The slider 202 is slidably assembled on the support frame 102, so that the protective plate 201 can slide up and down along the height direction of the support frame 102. The protective plate 201 in this embodiment is provided with a through hole. When placing a container, the protective plate 201 is lifted so that the protective plate 201 moves upward along the height direction of the support frame 102, and then the container is placed on the fixed base 101. The protective plate 201 is then moved downward so that the end of the container passes through the through hole in the protective plate 201. It is worth noting that the inner diameter of the through hole in the protective plate 201 in this embodiment is larger than the outer diameter of the rotating cylinder 305a in the pressing assembly 305, so that the rotating cylinder 305a can pass through the through hole and be mounted on the outside of the container.

[0040] In addition, the support structure 200 in this embodiment also includes a support rod 203, one end of the support rod 203 is movably connected to the surface of the fixed base 101, and the other end of the support rod 203 is movably connected to a support plate 205, which is an arc-shaped structure that matches the outer wall of the container. A telescopic spring 204 is also connected to the support rod 203, and the other end of the telescopic spring 204 is connected to the protective plate 201. In this embodiment, when the container is placed, the protective plate 201 moves upward, and the protective plate 201 moves upward to pull the telescopic spring 204 to extend, and the telescopic spring 204 Pull the support rod 203 to rotate, so that the relatively set support plate 205 moves away. After the container is placed on the fixed base 101, the protective plate 201 moves downward, and the telescopic spring 204 contracts to drive the support rod 203 to rotate in the opposite direction, so that the relatively set support plates 205 move closer, until the support plates 205 are close to and fit against the outer wall surface of the container, and the telescopic spring 204 is in a compressed state. The telescopic spring 204 uses elastic force to squeeze the support plate 205 against the outer wall of the container, thereby supporting and reinforcing the container and ensuring the stability of the container on the fixed base 101.

[0041] It is worth noting that the support rod 203 in this embodiment supports and reinforces the container through the elastic force of the telescopic spring 204 and in cooperation with the support plate 205. As another preferred method, if the support rod 203 is connected to the fixed base 101 through a torsion spring, the support rod 203 supports and protects the container through the elastic force of the torsion spring and in cooperation with the support plate 205 can also be applied in this embodiment.

[0042] In this embodiment, the pressing assembly 305 is located directly above the container. After the container is firmly supported by the support structure 200, the pressing assembly 305 moves downward through the action of the driving mechanism 400, so that the rotating cylinder 305a passes through the through hole on the protective plate 201 and is installed on the outside of the container, and the fixed cylinder 305b enters the container to compact the vegetation substrate so as to obtain a sample of the vegetation substrate.

[0043] The above is the specific technical solution of the device for testing the performance of vegetation substrates in ecologically fragile areas in this embodiment. In addition, this embodiment also provides a method for testing the performance of vegetation substrates using the above device, which is detailed as follows.

[0044] First, the vegetation substrate is filled in a container. The container is provided with scale lines. The volume of the filled vegetation substrate can be read through the scale lines, that is, the initial volume of the vegetation substrate is obtained.

[0045] Then, the driving mechanism 400 drives the pressing unit 300 to work, and the pressing assembly 305 in the pressing unit 300 moves downward until the fixed cylinder 305b in the pressing assembly 305 drives the pressing head 305c to enter the container to compact the vegetation substrate in the container. The volume of the compacted vegetation substrate can be read through the scale line, that is, the final volume of the vegetation substrate is obtained.

[0046] The porosity of the vegetation substrate can be obtained by the ratio of the volume difference between the initial volume and the final volume to the initial volume. In addition, the sample of the vegetation substrate obtained after compaction can be further subjected to performance testing. Further performance testing includes a permeability test of the vegetation substrate. The vegetation substrate is placed in a permeability testing device to detect the permeability of the vegetation substrate after compaction.

[0047] In the above-mentioned process of compacting the vegetation substrate, since guide posts are distributed on the side walls of the container and spiral grooves 305d are provided on the outer wall of the rotating cylinder 305a in the pressing assembly 305, the pressing assembly 305 moves downward until the guide posts of the container enter the spiral grooves 305d of the rotating cylinder 305a. Since the rotating cylinder 305a is arranged to rotate, when the guide posts and the spiral grooves 305d cooperate with each other, the rotating cylinder 305a can be driven to rotate, and the rotating cylinder 305a can drive the fixed cylinder 305b and the pressing head 305c located in the container to rotate. Therefore, the surface of the vegetation substrate in the container can be leveled, thereby ensuring the quality of the vegetation substrate sample.

[0048] In addition, the rotation of the cutting teeth 305c-1 on the lower pressure head 305c can also chop the fibers in the vegetation base material, further ensuring the quality of the vegetation base material sample.

[0049] The testing method in this embodiment also includes a step of stabilizing the container. Specifically, the protective plate 201 is lifted when the container is placed. At this time, the protective plate 201 moves upward and the telescopic spring 204 pulls the support rod 203 to swing, so that the relatively arranged support plates 205 move away from each other. When the container is placed on the fixed base 101, the protective plate 201 moves downward, and the end of the container passes through the through hole of the protective plate 201. At this time, the protective plate 201 compresses the telescopic spring 204 to drive the support rod 203 to rotate. The rotation of the support rod 203 drives the support plate 205 to move so that the support plate 205 is squeezed on the side wall of the container to support and reinforce the container, thereby ensuring the stability of the container, so that the fixed cylinder 305b and the down-pressing head 305c in the down-pressing assembly 305 can enter the container to compact the planting substrate.

[0050] Of course, in the testing device of this embodiment, after the end of the support rod 203 is connected to the fixed base 101 through the torsion spring, the torsion spring is charged by rotating the support rod 203 when placing the container, and then after the container is placed, the torsion spring drives the support rod 203 to reset so that the support plate 205 is pressed against the surface of the container to improve the stability of the container. This can also be applied in this embodiment.

[0051] In the testing method of this embodiment, when the pressure head 305c moves downward in the container to compact the vegetation substrate, in order to avoid the situation where the inner diameter of the pressure head 305c is smaller than the inner diameter of the container, resulting in part of the vegetation substrate being unable to be compacted, the outer diameter of the pressure head 305c in this embodiment is equal to the inner diameter of the container, and the side wall of the pressure head 305 fits against the inner wall of the container to seal the container. The pressure head 305c in this embodiment is connected to the interior of the fixed tube 305b, and exhaust holes 305c-2 are evenly distributed on the lower surface of the pressure head 305c and the side wall of the fixed tube 305b, so that the pressure head 305c can discharge the air in the container during the downward movement, thereby facilitating the compaction of the vegetation substrate in the container to obtain the final volume of the vegetation substrate and the vegetation substrate sample.

[0052] The above content is a further detailed description of the present invention in conjunction with specific implementation methods. It cannot be determined that the specific implementation of the present invention is limited to these descriptions. For ordinary technicians in the technical field to which the present invention belongs, they can make several simple deductions or substitutions without departing from the concept of the present invention, which should be regarded as falling within the scope of protection determined by the claims submitted for the present invention.

Claims

1. A device for testing the performance of a vegetation substrate in an ecologically fragile area, comprising a frame assembly (100), wherein the frame assembly (100) is composed of a fixed base (101) at the bottom and a top frame (103) at the top, wherein a support frame (102) is connected between the fixed base (101) and the top frame (103), and a container for containing a vegetation substrate is placed on the fixed base (101); The device further comprises a pressing unit (300), the pressing unit comprising a fixing plate (301) fixedly connected to the frame assembly (100), a fixing guide rod (302) fixedly connected between the fixing plate (301) and the fixing base (101), and is characterized in that: A pressing assembly (305) is provided on the pressing unit (300). The pressing assembly (305) is slidably assembled with the fixed guide rod (302). The pressing assembly (305) slides along the fixed guide rod (302) into the container to compact the plant substrate in the container. When compacting the plant substrate, the pressing assembly (305) rotates to level the surface of the plant substrate in the container.

2. The performance testing device for vegetation substrates in ecologically fragile areas according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pressing unit (300) further comprises a sliding plate (303), the sliding plate (303) being slidably assembled with the fixed guide rod (305), and a connecting seat (303a) being fixedly connected to the lower surface of the sliding plate (303), the pressing assembly (305) being rotatably connected to the connecting seat (303a), the pressing assembly (305) comprising a rotating cylinder (305a) and a fixed cylinder (305b) coaxially arranged in the rotating cylinder (305a), and when the pressing assembly (305) moves downward to compact the plant substrate in the container, the rotating cylinder (305a) is sleeved on the outside of the container, and the fixed cylinder (305b) enters the container, and the rotating cylinder (305a) rotates to drive the fixed cylinder (305b) to rotate, so that the fixed cylinder (305b) compacts the plant substrate in the container while moving and rotating.

3. The performance testing device for vegetation substrates in ecologically fragile areas according to claim 2, characterized in that: A spiral groove (305d) is distributed on the side wall of the rotating cylinder (305a), and a guide column is distributed on the side wall of the container. When the rotating cylinder (305a) moves downward and is sleeved on the outside of the container, the guide column enters the spiral groove (305d). The guide column and the spiral groove (305d) cooperate to drive the rotating cylinder (305a) and the fixed cylinder (305b) to rotate.

4. The device for testing the performance of vegetation substrates in ecologically fragile areas according to claim 3, characterized in that: The pressing assembly (305) further comprises a pressing head (305c), which is fixedly mounted on the end of the fixed cylinder (305b), and the hollow interior of the pressing head (305c) is communicated with the fixed cylinder (305b), and exhaust holes (305c-2) are evenly distributed on the lower surface of the pressing head (305c) and the side wall of the fixed cylinder (305b). The pressing head (305c) enters the container to seal the container, and the air in the container is discharged through the exhaust holes (305c-2).

5. The device for testing the performance of vegetation substrates in ecologically fragile areas according to claim 4, characterized in that: A plurality of cutting teeth (305c-1) are also distributed on the lower surface of the pressing head (305c); when the pressing head (305c) rotates along with the fixed cylinder (305b) and the rotating cylinder (305a) during the pressing process, the cutting teeth (305c-1) on the lower surface of the pressing head (305c) cut and crush the fibers in the vegetation substrate, and the cutting teeth (305c-1) flatten the surface of the vegetation substrate.

6. The device for testing the performance of vegetation substrates in ecologically fragile areas according to claim 2, characterized in that: The invention also includes a driving mechanism (400), which includes a take-up roller (404) arranged on one side of the fixed base (101), a traction rope (405) wound around the take-up roller (404), and a connecting wheel (304) installed on the top of the sliding plate (303), and the traction rope (405) passes through the guide wheel and is connected to the connecting wheel (304). The driving mechanism (400) also includes a driving motor (401) for driving the take-up roller (404) to rotate, the driving motor (401) is a self-locking motor, the power end of the driving motor (401) is connected to a driving gear (402), and a driven gear (403) is installed on the rotating shaft of the take-up roller (404), the driving gear (402) and the driven gear (403) are meshed, and the driving motor (401) works to drive the take-up roller (404) to rotate through the cooperation of the driving gear (402) and the driven gear (403) to perform the action of retracting and releasing the traction rope (405).

7. The device for testing the performance of vegetation substrates in ecologically fragile areas according to claim 1, characterized in that: The supporting structure (200) further comprises a protective plate (201), wherein a slider (202) is fixedly mounted on the end of the protective plate (201), and the slider (202) is slidably mounted on the supporting frame (102). A through hole is provided on the protective plate (201) for the end of the container to pass through. The supporting structure (200) further comprises a supporting rod (203), wherein one end of the supporting rod (203) is movably connected to the surface of the fixed base (101), and the supporting rod (203) is movably connected to the surface of the fixed base (101). 3) is movably connected to a support plate (205), the support plate (205) being an arc-shaped structure matched with the outer wall of the container, the support rod (203) is further connected to a telescopic spring (204), the other end of the telescopic spring (204) being connected to the protective plate (201), the protective plate (201) moving downward causes the telescopic spring (204) to be compressed, and the telescopic spring (204) drives the support rod (203) to rotate until the support plate (205) can be tightly pressed against the side wall of the container.

8. The device for testing the performance of vegetation substrates in ecologically fragile areas according to claim 1, characterized in that: The container further comprises a support structure (200), wherein the support structure (200) comprises a support rod (203), one end of the support rod (203) being movably connected to the surface of the fixed base (101), and the other end of the support rod (203) being movably connected to a support plate (205), wherein the support plate (205) is an arc-shaped structure that matches the outer wall of the container, and the support rod (203) is connected to the fixed base (101) via a torsion spring, and the elastic force of the torsion spring drives the support rod (203) to rotate so that the support plate (205) can be tightly pressed against the side wall of the container.

9. A method for testing the performance of vegetation substrates in ecologically fragile areas, characterized in that: The steps include: The planting substrate is placed in a container with scale lines distributed on the container, and the initial volume of the planting substrate is obtained according to the scale lines; The plant substrate in the container is compacted using the plant substrate performance testing device for ecologically fragile areas according to any one of claims 1 to 8, and the final volume of the compacted plant substrate is obtained by the scale line; The porosity of the vegetation substrate can be obtained by calculating the ratio of the difference between the initial volume and the final volume to the initial volume, and a compacted vegetation substrate sample can be obtained.

10. The method for testing the performance of vegetation substrates in ecologically fragile areas according to claim 9, further comprising conducting a permeability test on the compacted vegetation substrate sample, placing the vegetation substrate in a permeability testing device to detect the permeability of the compacted vegetation substrate.

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