Permafrost stratum scanning monitoring system

Abstract

A permafrost stratum scanning monitoring system belongs to the technical field of permafrost environment monitoring and comprises a transparent sleeve, a scanning device and an image processor. The transparent casing pipe is used for being inserted into a drill hole, and the outer pipe wall of the transparent casing pipe is attached to the hole wall of the drill hole. The scanning device comprises a support, a scanning head and a linear driver, the support is installed in the transparent sleeve, and the scanning head and the support are in sliding fit in the axial direction of the transparent sleeve; the linear driver is mounted on the bracket, is connected with the scanning head and is used for driving the scanning head to slide back and forth relative to the transparent sleeve; the image processor is in communication connection with the scanning head. According to the design of the monitoring system, long-time-sequence dynamic characteristics and evolution of permafrost underground ice can be obtained, and the stability in the measurement process is high; and automatic monitoring is realized, so that the labor intensity can be reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of frozen soil environment monitoring, and in particular to a permafrost stratum scanning and monitoring system. Background Art

[0002] In a warm and humid climate, the degradation of underlying permafrost and the subsequent melting of ground ice often lead to significant long-term deformation of road projects built on them, posing a significant threat to the construction and operation and maintenance of major projects. Therefore, long-term roadbed deformation has always been a top priority in the construction, operation, and freeze-thaw disaster prediction and prevention research of projects in permafrost areas. Its long-term deformation characteristics are closely related to the growth and decay of ground ice within the underlying permafrost during its degradation. Permafrost is the most widespread cryosphere element on Earth, covering approximately 17% of the Earth's land surface. In recent years, an increasing number of important linear projects, such as road networks and power grids, have been constructed in permafrost areas. However, the presence of underlying permafrost causes significant long-term deformation and damage to the infrastructure built on it, significantly limiting the long-term stability and service life of the foundations. Furthermore, as the trend of warming and humidifying climate in permafrost areas continues to intensify in the future, the hazard effects of underlying permafrost degradation and ground ice melting will become even more pronounced. Surveys and research on road hazards in permafrost areas indicate that the growth and decay of ground ice in permafrost is the primary internal factor inducing long-term roadbed deformation.

[0003] The inventors discovered during their research that the existing frozen ground monitoring methods have at least the following disadvantages:

[0004] Permafrost ground ice testing technology is key to understanding the long-term deformation characteristics and underlying mechanisms of roadbeds. Traditional ground ice characterization methods, primarily based on non-destructive field drilling, can only provide qualitative analysis of ground ice characteristics at a specific moment in time. They cannot provide long-term dynamic characteristics of ground ice, making it difficult to analyze the formation and evolution of ground ice in permafrost regions. Furthermore, these methods suffer from limitations such as poor stability and measurement accuracy. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The objectives of the present invention include, for example, providing a permafrost layer scanning and monitoring system that can realize automated monitoring, obtain long-term series of permafrost ground ice dynamic characteristics and evolution, have high stability during the measurement process, and can also reduce labor intensity.

[0006] The embodiments of the present invention can be implemented as follows:

[0007] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a permafrost layer scanning and monitoring system, comprising a transparent casing, a scanning device, and an image processor, wherein:

[0008] The transparent sleeve is used to be inserted into the drilled hole, and the outer wall of the transparent sleeve is in contact with the wall of the drilled hole; the scanning device includes a bracket, a scanning head, and a linear drive; the bracket is installed in the transparent sleeve, and the scanning head and the bracket are slidably matched in the axial direction of the transparent sleeve; the linear drive is installed on the bracket, and the linear drive is connected to the scanning head, and is used to drive the scanning head to slide back and forth relative to the transparent sleeve;

[0009] The image processor is communicatively connected to the scanning head.

[0010] In an optional embodiment, the cross-sectional profile of the transparent sleeve is set to be circular; the scanning head has an arc-shaped scanning side, and the arc-shaped scanning side is in contact with the inner tube wall of the transparent sleeve.

[0011] In an optional embodiment, the scanning head includes a circuit board, a light source and a plurality of photosensitive devices, the circuit board is configured as an arc-shaped plate, the light source and the plurality of photosensitive devices are integrated into the circuit board, and the side of the plurality of photosensitive devices away from the circuit board constitutes the arc-shaped scanning side; the circuit board is connected to the linear drive.

[0012] In an optional embodiment, the scanning device further includes a light shading plate, which is passed through the transparent sleeve and connected to the bracket. The light shading plate is in contact with the inner tube wall of the transparent sleeve on both sides of the circumference of the transparent sleeve, so that the light shading plate and the transparent sleeve cooperate to define a mounting hole, and the scanning head is located in the mounting hole.

[0013] In an optional embodiment, the scanning head further includes a rotation driver, which is installed in the transparent sleeve and is in transmission connection with the bracket, and is used to drive the bracket to rotate around the axis of the transparent sleeve so that the scanning head rotates relative to the transparent sleeve.

[0014] In an optional embodiment, the permafrost scanning and monitoring system further includes a monitoring sensor, which is installed in the transparent casing and is used to obtain the temperature or humidity of the permafrost layer.

[0015] In an optional embodiment, the monitoring sensor and the transparent sleeve are rotatably matched in the circumferential direction of the transparent sleeve to avoid interference of the monitoring sensor when the scanning head scans the frozen ground layer.

[0016] In an optional embodiment, there are multiple monitoring sensors, all of which are mounted on the bracket, and the multiple monitoring sensors and the scanning head are spaced apart in the circumferential direction of the transparent sleeve.

[0017] In an optional embodiment, an annular groove surrounding the axis of the transparent sleeve is provided on the inner tube wall of the transparent sleeve, and the monitoring probe of the monitoring sensor is inserted into the annular groove and rotatably matched with the annular groove in the circumferential direction of the transparent sleeve.

[0018] In an optional embodiment, the wall of the transparent sleeve is provided with scale lines arranged in the axial direction of the transparent sleeve.

[0019] The beneficial effects of the embodiments of the present invention include, for example:

[0020] In summary, the permafrost stratum scanning and monitoring system provided in this embodiment is implemented by drilling a hole in the permafrost stratum, inserting a transparent casing into the hole, and using the transparent casing to install a positioning scanning device. The scanning device is located in the transparent casing, is not easily in direct contact with the soil layer or water body, is not easily damaged by freezing, and has a long service life. In addition, the opening or closing of the scanning device can be achieved through remote control or intermittent or continuous operation through a set program, so that the corresponding stratum data can be obtained according to the change of time. The data has good continuity, which is conducive to the subsequent systematic analysis of the changes in the permafrost stratum. The use of automated permafrost stratum data monitoring avoids the situation where researchers observe the permafrost stratum with the naked eye outdoors for a long time, thereby reducing labor intensity. During the scanning process, the linear drive can drive the scanning head to slide back and forth in the axial direction of the transparent casing, scan positions at different depths of the soil layer, and obtain continuous image information in the depth direction of the frozen soil layer. The image information is transmitted to the image processor in real time. Through image processor processing and extraction of key feature parameters, the ice distribution, content, displacement and other characteristics of different layers of the frozen soil layer are obtained based on the time series, and then the evolution of the generation and disappearance process and deformation process of underground ice is analyzed, providing reliable parameters for frozen soil degradation and deformation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments. It should be understood that the following drawings only illustrate certain embodiments of the present invention and therefore should not be regarded as limiting the scope. For ordinary technicians in this field, other relevant drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0022] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the permafrost layer scanning and monitoring system of this embodiment;

[0023] Figure 2 is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the permafrost layer scanning and monitoring system of this embodiment from a first perspective;

[0024] Figure 3is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the permafrost layer scanning and monitoring system of this embodiment from a second viewing angle;

[0025] Figure 4 is a control schematic diagram of the image processor and the scanning head of this embodiment;

[0026] Figure 5 This is a control diagram of the data acquisition instrument and monitoring sensor of this embodiment;

[0027] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the application of the permafrost layer scanning and monitoring system of this embodiment;

[0028] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of a modified example of the permafrost layer scanning and monitoring system of this embodiment.

[0029] icon:

[0030] 100-transparent sleeve; 101-annular groove; 102-scale line; 103-end cover; 200-scanning device; 210-bracket; 220-scanning head; 221-support plate; 222-circuit board; 223-light source; 224-photosensitive device; 230-linear drive; 231-rack; 232-gear; 233-stepping motor; 234-sliding rod; 240-rotational drive; 250-light shield; 300-image processor; 400-monitoring sensor; 500-data acquisition instrument. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more clear, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Generally, the components of the embodiments of the present invention described and shown in the drawings herein can be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0032] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the invention as claimed, but rather merely represents selected embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments derived by persons of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative effort shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0033] It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters denote similar items in the following drawings, and therefore, once an item is defined in one drawing, it does not need to be further defined or explained in subsequent drawings.

[0034] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that if the terms "upper", "lower", "inside", "outside", etc. appear, the orientation or position relationship indicated is based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, or is the orientation or position relationship in which the product of the invention is usually placed when in use. It is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and does not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, it should not be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0035] In addition, the terms "first", "second", etc., if used, are merely used to distinguish and describe, and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0036] It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the features in the embodiments of the present invention may be combined with each other.

[0037] At present, the exploration method of ice characteristics under permafrost is mainly based on non-destructive drilling and manual identification methods, which have limitations such as poor stability and poor measurement accuracy. Moreover, there is no method for long-term monitoring of ice characteristics under permafrost.

[0038] In view of this, the designers have provided a permafrost layer scanning and monitoring system, which uses image scanning technology to scan and monitor the characteristics of underground ice in permafrost. That is, it can obtain long-term series images reflecting the distribution and content of underground ice in different layers of permafrost. On this basis, it can obtain the evolution characteristics of underground ice and frozen soil deformation, expanding the long-term monitoring capability of underground ice characteristics in permafrost. It has the advantages of automatic testing, high precision, and intuitive images.

[0039] Please refer to Figure 1-Figure 5 This embodiment provides a permafrost layer scanning and monitoring system, including a transparent casing 100, a scanning device 200, and an image processor 300, wherein:

[0040] The transparent cannula 100 is inserted into a borehole, and the outer wall of the transparent cannula 100 is in contact with the wall of the borehole. The scanning device 200 includes a bracket 210, a scanning head 220, and a linear actuator 230. The bracket 210 is installed in the transparent cannula 100, and the scanning head 220 and the bracket 210 are slidably engaged in the axial direction of the transparent cannula 100. The linear actuator 230 is installed in the bracket 210 and connected to the scanning head 220 to drive the scanning head 220 to slide back and forth relative to the transparent cannula 100.

[0041] The image processor 300 is in communication with the scanning head 220 .

[0042] As described above, the permafrost layer scanning and monitoring system provided in this embodiment is used as follows:

[0043] First, drill holes in the frozen ground layer. The position and number of the holes can be designed as needed. Insert the transparent casing 100 into the corresponding holes, and use the transparent casing 100 to install the positioning scanning device 200. The scanning device 200 is located in the transparent casing 100, and is not easy to directly contact the soil layer or water body, is not easy to be frozen, and has a long service life. In addition, the opening or closing of the scanning device 200 can be achieved through remote control or through set programs to achieve intermittent or continuous operation, so that the corresponding stratum data can be obtained according to the change of time. The data has good continuity, which is conducive to the subsequent systematic analysis of the changes in the frozen ground layer. The use of automated frozen ground layer data monitoring avoids the situation where researchers observe the frozen ground layer with the naked eye for a long time outdoors, reducing labor intensity. During the scanning process, the linear drive 230 can drive the scanning head 220 to slide back and forth in the axial direction of the transparent sleeve 100, can scan positions at different depths of the soil layer, and can obtain continuous image information in the depth direction of the frozen soil layer. The image information is transmitted to the image processor 300 in real time. Through processing by the image processor 300 and extraction of key feature parameters, the ice distribution, content, displacement and other characteristics of different layers of the frozen soil layer are obtained based on the time series, and then the evolution of the generation and disappearance process, deformation process, etc. of underground ice is analyzed, providing reliable parameters for frozen soil degradation and deformation.

[0044] The details of the permafrost layer scanning and monitoring system according to the embodiment of the present application are described below by way of examples.

[0045] Please combine Figure 2 and Figure 3 In this embodiment, optionally, the permafrost layer scanning and monitoring system includes a transparent casing 100 , a scanning device 200 , an image processor 300 and a plurality of monitoring sensors 400 .

[0046] The transparent sleeve 100 serves as a base upon which the scanning device 200 and multiple monitoring sensors 400 are positioned and mounted. The image processor 300 can communicate with the scanning device 200 and / or the multiple monitoring sensors 400 via a data cable or Bluetooth module. Image information captured by the scanning device 200 and data captured by the monitoring sensors 400 can be transmitted to the graphics processor.

[0047] Please combine Figure 1 and Figure 2In this embodiment, the transparent cannula 100 can optionally be configured as a circular tube, that is, the cross-sectional profile of the transparent cannula 100 is configured as a circular ring, wherein the cross-section is a plane perpendicular to the axis of the transparent cannula 100. Since the transparent cannula 100 is configured as a circular tube and the borehole is a circular hole, when the transparent cannula 100 is inserted into the borehole, the outer tube wall of the transparent cannula 100 fits tightly against the borehole, ensuring a stable and reliable position. Furthermore, the circular borehole causes less damage to frozen ground, facilitating the acquisition of more reliable stratigraphic data. The transparent cannula 100 can be opened at both ends to facilitate component installation. When inserted into the borehole, the bottom opening of the transparent cannula 100 is first sealed. Once the transparent cannula 100 is inserted into the desired position and the remaining components are installed within the transparent cannula 100, the top opening of the transparent cannula 100 is sealed during monitoring. This ensures that the interior of the transparent cannula 100 is substantially sealed, making it less susceptible to water ingress and freezing damage to internal components.

[0048] It should be understood that the two ends of the transparent sleeve 100 can be screwed with two end caps 103, and the top opening and bottom opening of the transparent sleeve 100 are respectively sealed by the two end caps 103. The screw connection between the end caps 103 and the transparent sleeve 100 is simple in structure and easy to assemble and disassemble.

[0049] Furthermore, the transparent casing 100 can be configured as a split structure, that is, it can include multiple sub-tubes. The length of the transparent casing 100 can be adjusted according to the depth of the drilled hole. When the drilled hole is deep, a larger number of sub-tubes can be selected and spliced end to end to meet the needs of different scenarios. The ends of adjacent sub-tubes can be connected by a threaded structure, which makes the structure simple and easy to assemble and disassemble.

[0050] Furthermore, in some embodiments, an annular groove 101 can be provided on the inner wall of the transparent sleeve 100, circumferentially surrounding the axis of the transparent sleeve 100. The number of annular grooves 101 can be multiple, and the number of annular grooves 101 can be equal to the number of monitoring sensors 400. The design of the annular groove 101 not only provides installation space for the monitoring sensors 400, but also reduces the thickness of the transparent sleeve 100 where the annular groove 101 is provided. When the monitoring probe of the monitoring sensor 400 is inserted into the annular groove 101, the distance between it and the frozen ground layer is reduced, resulting in more accurate data information. Furthermore, since the monitoring sensor 400 is inserted into the annular groove 101, it does not directly observe the wall of the transparent sleeve 100, eliminating the need for a sealing structure on the wall of the transparent sleeve 100. This avoids the problem of external water entering the transparent sleeve 100 and freezing due to seal failure, which could shorten the service life of components such as the scanning device 200 within the transparent sleeve 100.

[0051] Optionally, scale lines 102 arranged in the axial direction of the transparent sleeve 100 can be set on the outer peripheral surface or inner tube wall of the transparent sleeve 100. When the scanning device 200 scans the frozen ground layer in the depth direction, the acquired image information can be matched with the depth information, thereby knowing the distribution of the ice layer at the corresponding depth of the frozen ground layer.

[0052] It is worth noting that when inserting the transparent sleeve 100 into the drilled hole, since the inner wall of the transparent sleeve 100 has an annular groove 101 and the thickness of the transparent sleeve 100 is small at the annular groove 101, a setting rod can be inserted into the transparent sleeve 100 to improve the structural strength of the transparent sleeve 100. When the transparent sleeve 100 is inserted into the drilled hole, it is less likely to deform at the annular groove 101 and thus less likely to be damaged, thereby improving safety. After the insertion is completed, the setting rod is removed, and then the scanning device 200 and other components are installed.

[0053] Please combine Figure 2-Figure 3 In this embodiment, the scanning device 200 optionally includes a support 210, a scanning head 220, a linear drive 230, a rotary drive 240, and a light shield 250. The support 210, the linear drive 230, the rotary drive 240, and the light shield 250 are all mounted in the transparent sleeve 100, with the support 210 extending in the axial direction of the transparent sleeve 100. The scanning head 220 is slidably mounted on the support 210. The linear drive 230 is in transmission connection with the scanning head 220, capable of driving the scanning head 220 to reciprocate linearly in the axial direction of the transparent sleeve 100, thereby continuously scanning the frozen ground layer in the depth direction of the frozen ground layer. The rotary drive 240 is in transmission connection with the support 210, capable of driving the support 210 to rotate about the axis of the transparent sleeve 100, thereby driving the scanning head 220 to rotate relative to the transparent sleeve 100, thereby scanning the frozen ground layer in the circumferential direction of the transparent sleeve 100. In this way, the linear drive 230 and the rotary drive 240 cooperate to enable the scanning device 200 to continuously scan not only frozen ground layers at different depths, but also the soil layers surrounding the transparent sleeve 100, thereby obtaining more data and facilitating subsequent analysis of the evolution of the frozen ground layers. Both circumferential side surfaces of the light shielding plate 250 contact the inner wall of the transparent sleeve 100. The light shielding plate 250 and the transparent sleeve 100 cooperate to form a mounting hole, within which the scanning head 220 is located, thereby reducing the adverse effects of light reflections from the transparent sleeve 100 on the scanning head 220.

[0054] It should be understood that multiple monitoring sensors 400 can be mounted on the bracket 210, and the multiple monitoring sensors 400 are evenly spaced in the axial direction of the transparent sleeve 100. Each monitoring sensor 400 and the scanning device 200 are spaced in the circumferential direction of the transparent sleeve 100. The monitoring probes of the multiple monitoring sensors 400 are inserted into the corresponding annular grooves 101. Because the monitoring sensors 400 can rotate along with the scanning device 200, when the scanning device 200 rotates driven by the rotary driver 240 and scans the surrounding frozen ground, the monitoring sensors 400 will also rotate accordingly. Therefore, there will be no situation where the scanning device 200 rotates to the position where the monitoring sensors 400 are located, thereby preventing the frozen ground from being blocked by the monitoring sensors 400, resulting in the loss of the scanned image of the frozen ground. The scanning quality is high.

[0055] It is worth noting that in order to ensure that the monitoring sensor 400 can enter the transparent sleeve 100 together with the bracket 210, a vertical guide groove can be set on the inner tube wall of the transparent sleeve 100. The vertical guide groove connects multiple annular grooves 101, and the monitoring sensor 400 can slide into the corresponding annular groove 101 along the vertical guide groove.

[0056] Optionally, the linear expander includes a rack 231, a gear 232, and a stepper motor 233. The rack 231 is fixed to the bracket 210, and the gear 232 meshes with the rack 231. The gear 232 is fixed to the rotating shaft of the stepper motor 233. The stepper motor 233 slidably engages with the bracket 210 or the light shield 250, and the stepper motor 233 cannot rotate relative to the bracket 210 or the light shield 250. The scanning head 220 is fixed to the stepper motor 233. When the stepper motor 233 rotates, the gear 232 and the rack 231 cooperate to cause the stepper motor 233, the gear 232, and the scanning head 220 to move linearly relative to the bracket 210. The scanning head 220 can scan frozen ground at different depths. For example, in this embodiment, two sides of the stepper motor 233 slidably engage with the light shield 250 via sliding rods 234.

[0057] Optionally, the rotation driver 240 may be configured as an electric motor.

[0058] Please combine Figure 3Optionally, the scanning head 220 includes a support plate 221, a circuit board 222, a light source 223, and multiple photosensitive devices 224. The circuit board 222 can be a flexible PCB (PCB), and can be configured as an arc-shaped plate. The circuit board 222 is fixed to the support plate 221, and the support plate 221 stabilizes the structural form of the circuit board 222. The light source 223 and the multiple photosensitive devices 224 are integrated on the circuit board 222. The side of the multiple photosensitive devices 224 away from the circuit board 222 forms an arc-shaped scanning side. The arc-shaped scanning side can conform to the circular inner tube wall of the transparent sleeve 100, thereby relying on the inner tube wall of the transparent sleeve 100 to guide and correct the multiple photosensitive devices 224, thereby improving the scanning quality of the multiple photosensitive devices 224. At the same time, the support plate 221 is fixedly connected to the stepper motor 233 of the linear drive 230. When the stepper motor 233 is started, with the cooperation of the gear 232 and the rack 231 , the stepper motor 233 , the gear 232 , the support plate 221 , the circuit board 222 , the light source 223 and the plurality of photosensitive devices 224 are lifted and lowered together in the mounting through hole.

[0059] Because the side of the multiple photosensitive devices 224 away from the circuit board 222 forms an arc-shaped scanning side, when the rotary actuator 240 is activated, the multiple photosensitive devices 224 can also rotate on the inner wall of the transparent sleeve 100 to adjust the circumferential scanning angle. During this process, the bracket 210, the light shielding plate 250, the scanning head 220, and the linear actuator 230 rotate together.

[0060] It should be noted that the monitoring sensor 400 can also be connected to the data acquisition instrument 500 for real-time monitoring of parameters such as the temperature, water content, and pore water pressure of the frozen ground layer.

[0061] It should be understood that the image processor 300 and data acquisition instrument 500 can be placed outside the transparent sleeve 100 and connected to the corresponding components via data cables. The data cables can be located within the central hole of the bracket 210 and pass through the end cap 103 mounted on the top of the transparent sleeve 100. The data cables are less likely to become tangled or damaged by pulling during the rotation of the bracket 210. In other words, the data cables will not affect the rotation of the monitoring sensor 400 with the bracket 210 within the set angle range. Furthermore, to further prevent damage to the data cables due to torsional rotation, portions of the data cables can be configured as spring cables, which can partially offset torsional forces and extend their service life.

[0062] In addition, the position on the top end cover 103 where the data line passes through can be sealed with sealant.

[0063] Please combine Figure 7In some embodiments, the transparent sleeve 100 may optionally be provided with an assembly through-hole on its wall that communicates with its lumen. The number of assembly through-holes may be multiple, and the multiple assembly through-holes may be arranged at intervals as needed. A monitoring sensor 400 may be positioned in each assembly through-hole. One end of the probe of the monitoring sensor 400 may be exposed outside the transparent sleeve 100, enabling direct contact with the soil, thereby directly measuring parameters such as soil moisture, humidity, and water content. With such a design, when the rotary driver 240 drives the bracket 210 to rotate, it does not rotate 360°, but rather within a set angle range, without passing through the position of the monitoring sensor 400. It can scan a portion of the cylindrical surface at a set angle, without being affected by the monitoring sensor 400, and the scanned image is accurate.

[0064] It should be understood that the monitoring sensor 400 can be fixed in the assembly through hole by screwing, and a sealing sleeve is provided between the monitoring sensor 400 and the assembly through hole to enhance the sealing performance.

[0065] In addition, in order to combine the contact between the monitoring sensor 400 and the soil to measure multiple soil parameters and obtain a 360° scanning image, two holes can be drilled at the monitoring location, and a sleeve equipped with multiple monitoring sensors 400 is inserted into one of the holes, and a sleeve equipped with the scanning device 200 is inserted into the other hole. The monitoring sensor 400 is not installed on the sleeve equipped with the scanning device 200. The combination of the two can comprehensively monitor various soil parameters.

[0066] The permafrost layer scanning and monitoring system provided in this embodiment uses image scanning technology to scan and monitor the characteristics of underground ice in permafrost. That is, it obtains long-term series images reflecting the distribution and content of underground ice in different layers of permafrost. On this basis, it obtains the evolution characteristics of underground ice and frozen soil deformation, expanding the long-term monitoring capabilities of underground ice characteristics in permafrost. It has the advantages of automatic testing, high precision, and intuitive images.

[0067] Please combine Figure 6 , a represents a schematic diagram of the coordination between the permafrost transparent drilling underground ice scanning and testing system and the frozen ground layer, b represents the underground ice image obtained by the scanning device 200 in state a, and c represents the frozen soil and underground ice feature extraction after grayscale binarization processing based on the underground ice image obtained by the scanning device 200. The deformation characteristics of the frozen soil can be analyzed based on the frozen soil and underground ice characteristics, and the evolution of the underground ice characteristics and the frozen soil deformation characteristics can be analyzed based on the feature images of a long time series.

[0068] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by a person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention should be based on the scope of protection of the claims.

Claims

1. A permafrost layer scanning and monitoring system, characterized in that: The device comprises a transparent sleeve (100), a scanning device (200), and an image processor (300), wherein: The transparent sleeve (100) is used to be inserted into a borehole, and the outer tube wall of the transparent sleeve (100) is in contact with the wall of the borehole; the scanning device (200) comprises a bracket (210), a scanning head (220) and a linear driver (230); the bracket (210) is installed in the transparent sleeve (100), and the scanning head (220) and the bracket (210) are slidably matched in the axial direction of the transparent sleeve (100); the linear driver (230) is installed on the bracket (210), and the linear driver (230) is connected to the scanning head (220) and is used to drive the scanning head (220) to slide back and forth relative to the transparent sleeve (100); The image processor (300) is communicatively connected to the scanning head (220).

2. The permafrost layer scanning and monitoring system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cross-sectional profile of the transparent sleeve (100) is set to be circular; the scanning head (220) has an arc-shaped scanning side, and the arc-shaped scanning side is in contact with the inner tube wall surface of the transparent sleeve (100).

3. The permafrost layer scanning and monitoring system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The scanning head (220) comprises a circuit board (222), a light source (223) and a plurality of photosensitive devices (224); the circuit board (222) is configured as an arc-shaped plate; the light source (223) and the plurality of photosensitive devices (224) are integrated into the circuit board (222); a side of the plurality of photosensitive devices (224) away from the circuit board (222) constitutes the arc-shaped scanning side; and the circuit board (222) is connected to the linear driver (230).

4. The permafrost layer scanning and monitoring system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The scanning device (200) further comprises a light shielding plate (250), the light shielding plate (250) being inserted into the transparent sleeve (100), the light shielding plate (250) being connected to the bracket (210), and the light shielding plate (250) being in contact with the inner tube wall surface of the transparent sleeve (100) on both sides in the circumferential direction of the transparent sleeve (100), so that the light shielding plate (250) and the transparent sleeve (100) cooperate to define a mounting through hole, and the scanning head (220) is located in the mounting through hole.

5. The permafrost layer scanning and monitoring system according to any one of claims 2 to 4, characterized in that: The scanning head (220) further comprises a rotation driver, which is installed in the transparent sleeve (100) and is in transmission connection with the bracket (210) and is used to drive the bracket (210) to rotate around the axis of the transparent sleeve (100), so that the scanning head (220) rotates relative to the transparent sleeve (100).

6. The permafrost layer scanning and monitoring system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The permafrost layer scanning monitoring system further comprises a monitoring sensor (400), wherein the monitoring sensor (400) is installed on the transparent casing (100) and is used to obtain the temperature or humidity of the permafrost layer.

7. The permafrost layer scanning and monitoring system according to claim 6, characterized in that: The monitoring sensor (400) and the transparent sleeve (100) are rotatably matched in the circumferential direction of the transparent sleeve (100) to avoid interference of the scanning head (220) by the monitoring sensor (400) when scanning the frozen ground layer.

8. The permafrost layer scanning and monitoring system according to claim 7, characterized in that: There are multiple monitoring sensors (400), each of which is mounted on the bracket (210), and the multiple monitoring sensors (400) and the scanning head (220) are arranged at intervals in the circumferential direction of the transparent sleeve (100).

9. The permafrost layer scanning and monitoring system according to claim 7, characterized in that: An annular groove (101) surrounding the axis of the transparent sleeve (100) is provided on the inner tube wall of the transparent sleeve (100); a monitoring probe of the monitoring sensor (400) is inserted into the annular groove (101) and rotatably matched with the annular groove (101) in the circumferential direction of the transparent sleeve (100).

10. The permafrost layer scanning and monitoring system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The wall of the transparent sleeve (100) is provided with scale lines (102) arranged in the axial direction of the transparent sleeve (100).

Images