Pet food based on kitchen residues and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a pet food based on kitchen residues and a preparation method of the pet food, relates to the technical field of pet feeds, and aims to solve the problems that although leftovers can be converted into animal feeds, the preparation mode of the leftovers is not optimized according to nutritional requirements of pets, and a targeted dynamic nutritional supplement mechanism is lacked. The hydrolyzed protein is selected from at least one of hydrolyzed black water shrimp protein powder, hydrolyzed feather protein powder, hydrolyzed euphausia superba protein powder and hydrolyzed egg white protein; according to the method, the kitchen residues serve as main raw materials of the pet food, harmful substances and overhigh salinity in the kitchen residues are removed through a scientific pretreatment process, the kitchen residues can be safely and effectively applied to production of the pet food, resource utilization of the kitchen residues is achieved, the pressure of the kitchen residues on the environment is reduced, and the environment-friendly effect is achieved. Meanwhile, the dependence of pet food production on traditional high-quality raw materials is reduced, and the production cost is greatly reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of pet feed, and in particular to pet food based on kitchen waste and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] At present, the production of pet food mostly relies on high-quality animal and plant raw materials, such as meat, grains, etc., which not only causes excessive consumption of limited resources, but also increases the production cost of pet food. At the same time, with the improvement of people's living standards, the amount of kitchen waste generated is increasing, and the treatment of large amounts of kitchen waste has become an environmental problem that needs to be solved urgently. Existing methods of kitchen waste treatment, such as landfill and incineration, not only occupy a large amount of land resources and consume energy, but also pollute the environment. Although some studies have attempted to apply kitchen waste to the field of feed, due to the complex composition of kitchen waste, it contains more harmful substances and salt, and its nutritional composition is unbalanced. There are many problems such as safety and nutrition when directly using kitchen waste to prepare pet food. It is difficult to meet the needs of healthy growth of pets. Therefore, there is no mature and effective technical solution for preparing pet food based on kitchen waste.

[0003] Therefore, the present application provides a pet food based on kitchen waste and a preparation method thereof to meet the needs. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this application is to provide a pet food based on kitchen waste and a preparation method thereof, aiming to address the problem that although leftovers can be converted into animal feed, their preparation method is not optimized for the nutritional needs of pets and lacks a targeted dynamic nutritional supplementation mechanism.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned objectives, the present application provides the following technical solutions: a pet food based on kitchen waste, wherein the raw materials of the feed include the following components in percentage: 55-65% of dehydrated leftover food slurry, hydrolyzed protein selected from at least one of hydrolyzed blackwater shrimp protein powder, hydrolyzed feather protein powder, hydrolyzed Antarctic krill protein powder, and hydrolyzed egg white protein, a vitamin / mineral supplement selected from at least one of reset vitamin premix, a complex mineral premix, a complex vitamin, calcium carbonate / calcium phosphate, and light calcium phosphate, the functional ingredients include green tea polyphenols, and may also include at least one of microencapsulated probiotics, microencapsulated vitamin C, fish oil microcapsules, cranberry extract, flaxseed gum, taurine, and glucosamine hydrochloride.

[0006] Preferably, the pet food No. 1 comprises the following components in weight percentage: 65% dehydrated leftover food slurry, 1.2% hydrolyzed blackwater shrimp protein powder, 1.5% reset vitamin premix, 2% calcium carbonate / calcium hydrogen phosphate, 0.2% green tea polyphenols, 0.5% microencapsulated probiotics, and 0.1% taurine.

[0007] Preferably, the pet food No. 2 comprises the following components in weight percentage: 60% dehydrated leftover food slurry, 10% hydrolyzed feather protein powder, 0.15% taurine, 2% reset vitamin premix, 1.8% calcium phosphate, 0.3% microencapsulated vitamin C, and 0.25% green tea polyphenols.

[0008] Preferably, the pet food No. 3 comprises the following components in weight percentage: 60% dehydrated leftover vegetable pulp, 18% hydrolyzed Antarctic krill protein powder, 0.5% glucosamine hydrochloride, 1.2% complex mineral premix, 0.8% microencapsulated probiotics, 0.3% fish oil microcapsules, and 0.15% green tea polyphenols.

[0009] Preferably, the pet food comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 55% dehydrated vegetable pulp, 12% hydrolyzed egg white protein, 0.4% cranberry extract, 0.25% taurine, 1.5% flaxseed gum, and 2% multivitamins.

[0010] A pet food based on kitchen waste and a preparation method thereof, 6. The steps are as follows: 1. Kitchen waste pretreatment process 1.1: Removal of harmful substances Using a centrifuge, the leftovers are crushed into a uniform dehydrated leftover slurry with a particle size of ≤5mm; 1.2: Heating & Centrifugal Desalting First-stage separation, 3000 rpm, 10 minutes, separation of free oil; Secondary separation: 5000 rpm, 15 minutes, to separate the bound oil; 1.3: Water washing, desalination and pH adjustment Desalination: Mix the crushed and dehydrated leftover food slurry with pure water in a ratio of 1:3, stir for 10 minutes and then centrifuge to dehydrate, repeat twice, and the salt reduction rate should be ≥80%; pH adjustment: Add food-grade citric acid to adjust the pH of the dehydrated leftover food slurry to 5.5-6.0; 1.4: Sterilization Maintain steam temperature at 120°C, pressure at 0.3 MPa, and time for 35 seconds. 2. Nutritional fortification and formula regulation 2.1: Basic component detection and dynamic model Detect crude protein, fat, moisture, ash, calcium, phosphorus, and taurine content When the protein content is less than 22%, add hydrolyzed insect protein. When preparing pet food No. 2 and No. 4, add taurine 0.1-0.2%; add calcium carbonate / calcium hydrogen phosphate to make Ca:P=1.2:1; 2.2: Core additives and functional design Microencapsulated probiotics 0.5-1%, thermostable strains, survival rate ≥ 90%; green tea polyphenols 0.1%-0.3%, multivitamins 1-2%, potassium chloride 0.05-0.1%; 2.3: Mixing and homogenization process Use a stirrer at 50-200 rpm and mix for 15 minutes; 3. Drying and mold granulation process 3.1: Extrusion granulation Use an extruder with a die temperature of 110-120°C, a screw speed of 250-300 rpm, and a pressure of 35 MPa; 3.2: Low temperature airflow drying Maintain a drying temperature of ≤60°C, wind speed of 810m / s, and moisture content of ≤10%; spray microencapsulated probiotics and taurine on the surface; 3.3: Cooling and packaging The temperature is reduced to 25℃ by counter-current cooling tower.

[0011] Preferably, the specific processing operations of the pet food No. 1 include the following treatments: after removing bones and plastics, crushing to ≤5mm; mixing the dehydrated leftover food slurry with pure water in a ratio of 1:3, centrifuging and dehydrating twice to reduce the salt content; sterilizing at 120°C and 0.3MPa for 4 seconds to reduce the total number of bacterial counts; Use infrared spectroscopy to detect crude protein content. If it is lower than 28%, it should be supplemented to 28%. For example, during the supplementation process, 12% hydrolyzed blackwater shrimp protein powder, 1.5% multivitamin premix, and 2% minerals should be added. During molding and packaging, the low-temperature airflow drying temperature is maintained at 60°C and the moisture content is ≤10%. During extrusion molding, the die temperature is 115°C, the screw speed is 280rpm, and the pressure is 4MPa. The dehydrated leftover food pulp in the pet food No. 1 comprises 40% rice, 20% meat scraps, 15% vegetables, and 25% others.

[0012] Preferably, the specific processing operations of the pet food No. 2 include the following treatments: spraying microcapsules on the surface to avoid losses during high-temperature processing, testing the calcium and phosphorus content of leftover food, supplementing calcium hydrogen phosphate to make Ca:P=1.2:1, and adding 0.1% yeast extract; The composition of the dehydrated leftover food pulp in the pet food No. 2 includes 30% fish residue, 25% rice, 20% vegetables, and 25% others.

[0013] Preferably, the specific processing operations of the pet food No. 3 include the following treatments: retaining 5% fatty acids after secondary centrifugation for rapid energy supply; co-crystallizing glucosamine and trehalose to improve thermal stability; During molding and packaging, the die temperature is 105°C to reduce the oxidation of Omega-3. The surface of the granules is first sprayed with fish oil microcapsules, and then with probiotics and glucosamine. The composition of the dehydrated leftover vegetable pulp in the pet food No. 3 includes 25% chicken breast scraps, 30% brown rice, 15% pumpkin, 20% carrot, and 10% others.

[0014] Preferably, the specific processing operations of the pet food No. 4 include the following treatments: detecting the magnesium ion content in the dehydrated leftover food slurry, and if it is greater than 0.1%, adding calcium phytate; adding flaxseed gum and vitamin E to the pet food No. 4 and embedding them in β-cyclodextrin; using liquid nitrogen to assist granulation; The composition of the dehydrated leftover vegetable pulp in the pet food No. 4 includes 30% cod meat residue, 25% white rice, 20% broccoli, 15% winter melon, and 10% others.

[0015] In summary, the technical effects and advantages of the present invention are as follows: This invention uses kitchen waste as the main raw material for pet food. Through a scientific pretreatment process, harmful substances and excessive salt content are removed, so that kitchen waste can be safely and effectively used in pet food production, realizing the resource utilization of kitchen waste. This not only reduces the pressure caused by kitchen waste on the environment, but also reduces the dependence of pet food production on traditional high-quality raw materials, significantly reducing production costs. By adding hydrolyzed protein, vitamin / mineral supplements and functional ingredients, the nutritional content of the pet food is enhanced and regulated, ensuring that the pet food has a balanced nutritional structure and meets the needs of pets for nutrients such as protein, vitamins, and minerals during their growth and development. At the same time, the addition of functional ingredients such as green tea polyphenols, microencapsulated probiotics, fish oil microcapsules, etc., gives pet food multiple functions such as antioxidant, regulation of intestinal flora, and promotion of pet health; the kitchen waste pretreatment process adopted, including removal of harmful substances, heating centrifugal desalination, water washing desalination, pH adjustment and sterilization, can effectively improve the quality of raw materials; in the process of nutritional fortification and formula regulation, basic ingredient testing and dynamic model adjustment of the formula are used to ensure that the nutritional standards of pet food are met; low-temperature treatment in the drying and mold granulation process can retain the activity of nutrients and functional ingredients to the greatest extent, and ensure the quality and quality of pet food. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0016] The following will be combined with the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the embodiments described are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0017] Example: A pet food based on kitchen waste, the raw materials of the feed include the following components in percentage: 55-65% dehydrated leftover food slurry, hydrolyzed protein selected from at least one of hydrolyzed blackwater shrimp protein powder, hydrolyzed feather protein powder, hydrolyzed Antarctic krill protein powder, and hydrolyzed egg white protein, vitamin / mineral supplement selected from at least one of reset vitamin premix, complex mineral premix, complex vitamins, calcium carbonate / dicalcium phosphate, and light calcium phosphate, functional ingredients include green tea polyphenols, and may also include at least one of microencapsulated probiotics, microencapsulated vitamin C, fish oil microcapsules, cranberry extract, flaxseed gum, taurine, and glucosamine hydrochloride.

[0018] As an implementation method in this embodiment, pet food No. 1 includes the following components in weight percentage: 65% dehydrated leftover food slurry, 1.2% hydrolyzed black water shrimp protein powder, 1.5% reset vitamin premix, 2% calcium carbonate / calcium hydrogen phosphate, 0.2% green tea polyphenols, 0.5% microencapsulated probiotics, and 0.1% taurine.

[0019] As an implementation method in this embodiment, pet food No. 2 includes the following components in weight percentage: 60% dehydrated leftover food slurry, 10% hydrolyzed feather protein powder, 0.15% taurine, 2% reset vitamin premix, 1.8% light calcium phosphate, 0.3% microencapsulated vitamin C, and 0.25% green tea polyphenols.

[0020] As an implementation method in this embodiment, pet food No. 3 includes the following components in weight percentage: 60% dehydrated leftover vegetable pulp, 18% hydrolyzed Antarctic krill protein powder, 0.5% glucosamine hydrochloride, 1.2% complex mineral premix, 0.8% microencapsulated probiotics, 0.3% fish oil microcapsules, and 0.15% green tea polyphenols.

[0021] As an implementation method in this embodiment, pet food package No. 4 includes the following components in weight percentage: 55% dehydrated leftover vegetable pulp, 12% hydrolyzed egg white protein, 0.4% cranberry extract, 0.25% taurine, 1.5% flaxseed gum, and 2% multivitamins.

[0022] A method for preparing pet food based on kitchen waste, the preparation method of pet food No. 1 is as follows: 1. Kitchen waste pretreatment process 1.1: Removal of harmful substances Use a centrifuge to remove bones and plastic from leftovers and crush them into a uniform dehydrated leftover slurry with a particle size of ≤5mm; 1.2: Heating & Centrifugal Desalting First-stage separation, 3000 rpm, 10 minutes, separation of free oil; Secondary separation: 5000 rpm, 15 minutes, to separate the bound oil; 1.3: Water washing, desalination and pH adjustment Desalination: Mix the crushed and dehydrated leftover food slurry with pure water in a ratio of 1:3, stir for 10 minutes, and then centrifuge for dehydration. Repeat twice, and the salt reduction rate should be ≥80% (salt content reduced from 1.2% to 0.25%). pH adjustment: Add food-grade citric acid to adjust the pH of the dehydrated leftover food slurry to 5.5-6.0; 1.4: Sterilization Maintain steam temperature at 120°C, pressure at 0.3 MPa, and time for 35 seconds. 2. Nutritional fortification and formula regulation 2.1: Basic component detection and dynamic model Testing crude protein, fat, moisture, ash, calcium, phosphorus, and taurine content (using infrared spectroscopy to test crude protein content, and supplementing it to 28% if it is lower than 28%); When the protein content is less than 22%, add hydrolyzed insect protein (e.g., add 12% hydrolyzed blackwater shrimp protein powder, 1.5% multivitamin premix, and 2% minerals during the supplementation process), and add calcium carbonate / dicalcium phosphate to make Ca:P=1.2:1; 2.2: Core additives and functional design Microencapsulated probiotics 0.5%, thermostable strains, survival rate ≥ 90%; green tea polyphenols 0.1%, multivitamins 1%, potassium chloride 0.05%; 2.3: Mixing and homogenization process Use a stirrer at 20 rpm and mix for 15 minutes; 3. Drying and mold granulation process 3.1: Extrusion granulation Use an extruder with a die temperature of 60°C, a screw speed of 280 rpm, and a pressure of 4 MPa; 3.2: Low temperature airflow drying Maintain a drying temperature of ≤60°C, wind speed of 810m / s, and moisture content of ≤10%; spray microencapsulated probiotics and taurine on the surface; 3.3: Cooling and packaging The counter-current cooling tower cools the temperature to 25°C; Pet food No. 1 consists of 40% rice, 20% meat scraps, 15% vegetables, and 25% others.

[0023] The preparation method of pet food No. 2 is as follows: 1. Kitchen waste pretreatment process 1.1: Removal of harmful substances Using a centrifuge, the leftovers are crushed into a uniform dehydrated leftover slurry with a particle size of ≤5mm; 1.2: Heating & Centrifugal Desalting First-stage separation, 3000 rpm, 10 minutes, separation of free oil; Secondary separation: 5000 rpm, 15 minutes, to separate the bound oil; 1.3: Water washing, desalination and pH adjustment Desalination: Mix the crushed and dehydrated leftover food slurry with pure water in a ratio of 1:3, stir for 10 minutes and then centrifuge to dehydrate, repeat twice, and the salt reduction rate should be ≥80%; pH adjustment: Add food-grade citric acid to adjust the pH of the dehydrated leftover food slurry to 5.5; 1.4: Sterilization Maintain steam temperature at 120°C, pressure at 0.3 MPa, and time for 35 seconds. 2. Nutritional fortification and formula regulation 2.1: Basic component detection and dynamic model Detect crude protein, fat, moisture, ash, calcium, phosphorus, and taurine content; When the protein content is less than 22%, add hydrolyzed insect protein and 0.1% taurine; add calcium hydrogen phosphate to make Ca:P=1.2:1; 2.2: Core additives and functional design Microencapsulated probiotics 0.5-1%, thermostable strains, survival rate ≥ 90%; green tea polyphenols 0.1%, multivitamins 1%, potassium chloride 0.05%, added 0.1% yeast extract; 2.3: Mixing and homogenization process Use a stirrer at 50 rpm and mix for 15 minutes; 3. Drying and mold granulation process 3.1: Extrusion granulation Use an extruder with a die temperature of 110°C, a screw speed of 250 rpm, and a pressure of 35 MPa; 3.2: Low temperature airflow drying Maintain the drying temperature ≤ 60°C, wind speed at 810m / s, and moisture at ≤ 10%; spray microencapsulated probiotics on the surface; 3.3: Cooling and packaging The counter-current cooling tower cools the temperature to 25°C; Pet food No. 2 consists of 30% fish scraps, 25% rice, 20% vegetables, and 25% others.

[0024] The preparation method of pet food No. 3 is as follows: 1. Kitchen waste pretreatment process 1.1: Removal of harmful substances Using a centrifuge, the leftovers are crushed into a uniform dehydrated leftover slurry with a particle size of ≤5mm; 1.2: Heating & Centrifugal Desalting First-stage separation, 3000 rpm, 10 minutes, separation of free oil; Secondary separation: 5000 rpm, 15 minutes, to separate the bound oil; 1.3: Water washing, desalination and pH adjustment Desalination: Mix the crushed and dehydrated leftover food slurry with pure water in a ratio of 1:3, stir for 10 minutes and then centrifuge to dehydrate, repeat twice, and the salt reduction rate should be ≥80%; pH adjustment: Add food-grade citric acid to adjust the pH of the dehydrated leftover food slurry to 6.0; 1.4: Sterilization Maintain steam temperature at 120°C, pressure at 0.3 MPa, and time for 35 seconds. 2. Nutritional fortification and formula regulation 2.1: Basic component detection and dynamic model Detect crude protein, fat, moisture, ash, calcium, phosphorus, and taurine content; When protein content is less than 22%, add hydrolyzed insect protein; add calcium carbonate / calcium hydrogen phosphate to make Ca:P=1.2:1; 2.2: Core additives and functional design Microencapsulated probiotics 1%, thermostable strains, survival rate ≥ 90%; green tea polyphenols 0.3%, multivitamins 2%, potassium chloride 0.1%; 2.3: Mixing and homogenization process Use a stirrer at 200 rpm and mix for 15 minutes; 3. Drying and mold granulation process 3.1: Extrusion granulation Use an extruder with a die temperature of 105°C, a screw speed of 300 rpm, and a pressure of 35 MPa to reduce the oxidation of Omega-3. The surface of the granules is first sprayed with fish oil microcapsules, and then with probiotics and glucosamine. 3.2: Low temperature airflow drying Maintain a drying temperature of ≤60°C, wind speed of 810m / s, and moisture content of ≤10%; spray microencapsulated probiotics and taurine on the surface; 3.3: Cooling and packaging The counter-current cooling tower cools the temperature to 25°C; Pet food No. 3 consists of 25% chicken breast scraps, 30% brown rice, 15% pumpkin, 20% carrots, and 10% others.

[0025] The preparation method of pet food No. 4 is as follows: 1. Kitchen waste pretreatment process 1.1: Removal of harmful substances Using a centrifuge, the leftovers are crushed into a uniform dehydrated leftover slurry with a particle size of ≤5mm; 1.2: Heating & Centrifugal Desalting First-stage separation, 3000 rpm, 10 minutes, separation of free oil; Secondary separation: 5000 rpm, 15 minutes, to separate the bound oil; 1.3: Water washing, desalination and pH adjustment Desalination: Mix the crushed and dehydrated leftover food slurry with pure water in a ratio of 1:3, stir for 10 minutes and then centrifuge to dehydrate, repeat twice, and the salt reduction rate should be ≥80%; pH adjustment: Add food-grade citric acid to adjust the pH of the dehydrated leftover food slurry to 5.5-6.0; 1.4: Sterilization Maintain steam temperature at 120°C, pressure at 0.3 MPa, and time for 35 seconds. 2. Nutritional fortification and formula regulation 2.1: Basic component detection and dynamic model Test the crude protein, fat, moisture, ash, calcium, phosphorus, and taurine content, and test the magnesium ion content in the dehydrated leftover food slurry. If it is greater than 0.1%, add calcium phytate; When the protein content is less than 22%, add hydrolyzed insect protein and 0.2% taurine; add calcium carbonate / calcium hydrogen phosphate to make Ca:P=1.2:1; 2.2: Core additives and functional design Microencapsulated probiotics 1%, thermostable strains, survival rate ≥ 90%; green tea polyphenols 0.3%, multivitamins 2%, potassium chloride 0.1%, flaxseed gum and vitamin E co-encapsulated in β-cyclodextrin; 2.3: Mixing and homogenization process Use a stirrer at 200 rpm and mix for 15 minutes; 3. Drying and mold granulation process 3.1: Extrusion granulation Use an extruder with a die temperature of 120°C, a screw speed of 300 rpm, and a pressure of 35 MPa; 3.2: Low temperature airflow drying Maintain a drying temperature of ≤60°C, wind speed of 810m / s, and moisture content of ≤10%; spray microencapsulated probiotics and taurine on the surface; 3.3: Cooling and packaging; Pet food No. 4 consists of 30% cod meat residue, 25% white rice, 20% broccoli, 15% winter melon, and 10% others.

[0026] Liquid nitrogen was used to assist granulation.

[0027] The electromechanical connection involved in the present invention is a common method used by those skilled in the art, and technical inspiration can be obtained through limited experiments, which is common knowledge.

[0028] Components not described in detail herein are prior art.

[0029] Finally, it should be noted that the above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features therein. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A pet food based on kitchen waste, characterized by: The raw materials of the feed include the following components in percentage: 55-65% of dehydrated leftover food slurry; hydrolyzed protein selected from at least one of hydrolyzed blackwater shrimp protein powder, hydrolyzed feather protein powder, hydrolyzed Antarctic krill protein powder, and hydrolyzed egg white protein; vitamin / mineral supplement selected from at least one of reset vitamin premix, complex mineral premix, complex vitamins, calcium carbonate / dicalcium phosphate, and light calcium phosphate; functional ingredients include green tea polyphenols; and may also include at least one of microencapsulated probiotics, microencapsulated vitamin C, fish oil microcapsules, cranberry extract, flaxseed gum, taurine, and glucosamine hydrochloride.

2. The pet food based on kitchen waste according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pet food No. 1 comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 65% dehydrated leftover food slurry, 1.2% hydrolyzed blackwater shrimp protein powder, 1.5% reset vitamin premix, 2% calcium carbonate / dicalcium phosphate, 0.2% green tea polyphenols, 0.5% microencapsulated probiotics, and 0.1% taurine.

3. The pet food based on kitchen waste according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pet food No. 2 includes the following components in weight percentage: 60% dehydrated leftover food pulp, 10% hydrolyzed feather protein powder, 0.15% taurine, 2% reset vitamin premix, 1.8% calcium phosphate, 0.3% microencapsulated vitamin C, and 0.25% green tea polyphenols.

4. The pet food based on kitchen waste according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pet food No. 3 includes the following components in percentage by weight: 60% dehydrated leftover vegetable pulp, 18% hydrolyzed Antarctic krill protein powder, 0.5% glucosamine hydrochloride, 1.2% complex mineral premix, 0.8% microencapsulated probiotics, 0.3% fish oil microcapsules, and 0.15% green tea polyphenols.

5. The pet food based on kitchen waste according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pet food package No. 4 includes the following components in percentage by weight: 55% dehydrated leftover vegetable pulp, 12% hydrolyzed egg white protein, 0.4% cranberry extract, 0.25% taurine, 1.5% flaxseed gum, and 2% multivitamins.

6. The method for preparing pet food based on kitchen waste according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The steps are as follows:

1. Kitchen waste pretreatment process 1.1: Removal of harmful substances Using a centrifuge, the leftovers are crushed into a uniform dehydrated leftover slurry with a particle size of ≤5mm; 1.2: Heating & Centrifugal Desalting First-stage separation, 3000 rpm, 10 minutes, separation of free oil; Secondary separation: 5000 rpm, 15 minutes, to separate the bound oil; 1.3: Water washing, desalination and pH adjustment Desalination: Mix the crushed and dehydrated leftover food slurry with pure water in a ratio of 1:3, stir for 10 minutes and then centrifuge to dehydrate, repeat twice, and the salt reduction rate should be ≥80%; pH adjustment: Add food-grade citric acid to adjust the pH of the dehydrated leftover food slurry to 5.5-6.0; 1.4: Sterilization Maintain steam temperature at 120°C, pressure at 0.3 MPa, and time for 35 seconds.

2. Nutritional fortification and formula regulation 2.1: Basic component detection and dynamic model Detect crude protein, fat, moisture, ash, calcium, phosphorus, and taurine content; When the protein content is less than 22%, add hydrolyzed insect protein. When preparing pet food No. 2 and No. 4, add taurine 0.1-0.2%; add calcium carbonate / calcium hydrogen phosphate to make Ca:P=1.2:1; 2.2: Core additives and functional design Microencapsulated probiotics 0.5-1%, thermostable strains, survival rate ≥ 90%; green tea polyphenols 0.1%-0.3%, multivitamins 1-2%, potassium chloride 0.05-0.1%; 2.3: Mixing and homogenization process Use a stirrer at 50-200 rpm and mix for 15 minutes; 3. Drying and mold granulation process 3.1: Extrusion granulation Use an extruder with a die temperature of 110-120°C, a screw speed of 250-300 rpm, and a pressure of 35 MPa; 3.2: Low temperature airflow drying Maintain a drying temperature of ≤60°C, wind speed of 810m / s, and moisture content of ≤10%; spray microencapsulated probiotics and taurine on the surface; 3.3: Cooling and packaging The temperature is reduced to 25℃ by counter-current cooling tower.

7. The preparation method according to claim 6, characterized in that The specific processing operations of the pet food No. 1 include the following: after removing bones and plastics, crushing to ≤5mm; mixing the dehydrated leftover food slurry with pure water in a ratio of 1:3, centrifuging and dehydrating twice to reduce the salt content; sterilizing at 120°C and 0.3MPa for 4 seconds to reduce the total number of bacterial counts; Use infrared spectroscopy to detect crude protein content. If it is lower than 28%, it should be supplemented to 28%. For example, during the supplementation process, 12% hydrolyzed blackwater shrimp protein powder, 1.5% multivitamin premix, and 2% minerals should be added. During molding and packaging, the low-temperature airflow drying temperature is maintained at 60°C and the moisture content is ≤10%. During extrusion molding, the die temperature is 115°C, the screw speed is 280rpm, and the pressure is 4MPa. The dehydrated leftover food pulp in the pet food No. 1 comprises 40% rice, 20% meat scraps, 15% vegetables, and 25% others.

8. The preparation method according to claim 6, characterized in that The specific processing operations of the pet food No. 2 include the following treatments: spraying microcapsules on the surface to avoid losses during high-temperature processing, testing the calcium and phosphorus content of the leftover food, supplementing it with calcium hydrogen phosphate to make Ca:P=1.2:1, and adding 0.1% yeast extract; The composition of the dehydrated leftover food pulp in the pet food No. 2 includes 30% fish residue, 25% rice, 20% vegetables, and 25% others.

9. The preparation method according to claim 6, characterized in that: The specific processing operations of the pet food No. 3 include the following treatments: retaining 5% of the fatty acids after secondary centrifugation for rapid energy supply; co-crystallizing glucosamine and trehalose to improve thermal stability; During molding and packaging, the die temperature is 105°C to reduce the oxidation of Omega-3. The surface of the granules is first sprayed with fish oil microcapsules, and then with probiotics and glucosamine. The composition of the dehydrated leftover vegetable pulp in the pet food No. 3 includes 25% chicken breast scraps, 30% brown rice, 15% pumpkin, 20% carrot, and 10% others.

10. The preparation method according to claim 6, characterized in that: The specific processing operations of the pet food No. 4 include the following: testing the magnesium ion content in the dehydrated leftover food slurry, and if it is greater than 0.1%, adding calcium phytate; adding flaxseed gum and vitamin E to the pet food No. 4 and embedding them in β-cyclodextrin; using liquid nitrogen to assist granulation; The composition of the dehydrated leftover vegetable pulp in the pet food No. 4 includes 30% cod meat residue, 25% white rice, 20% broccoli, 15% winter melon, and 10% others.