A spray-type ammonia high-efficiency absorption tower

Abstract

The present invention discloses a spray-type ammonia water high-efficiency absorption tower, which belongs to the technical field of absorption towers. The tower includes a base and a high-pressure water pump. The base is provided with a liquid storage chamber, and a tower frame is provided above the base. An absorption assembly is installed in the tower frame. The absorption assembly includes a tree-shaped topology pipeline, an ammonia absorption component and a rotary spray separation component. The high-pressure water pump is installed on the outer wall of the base. The present invention sets a rotary spray separation component, utilizes the central negative pressure generated by the strong vortex, and actively absorbs the escaped exhaust gas into the vortex flow chamber through the edge suction ring to prevent ammonia from escaping. At the same time, the centrifugal force is used to throw the ammonium sulfate particles in the absorption liquid away and toward the inner wall of the absorption chamber. By setting the ammonia absorption component, under the coordinated action of the zeolite adsorption layer, the detection electrode and the electric valve, when the local zeolite adsorption layer is saturated, only the branch in the area can be closed and the zeolite or filler can be replaced. By setting the tree-shaped topology pipeline, the ammonia-containing gas can be evenly distributed and conditions are created for non-stop maintenance.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of absorption towers, in particular to a spray-type ammonia water high-efficiency absorption tower. Background Art

[0002] Ammonia is a common air pollutant, widely present in waste gas from industries such as chemical, pharmaceutical, aquaculture, and fertilizer production. The mainstream technology for treating ammonia-containing waste gas is to use an absorption liquid such as dilute sulfuric acid to neutralize ammonia to produce ammonium sulfate.

[0003] In existing spray absorbers, when high-speed exhaust gas impacts the spray layer during operation, the dynamic pressure of the gas may exceed the surface tension and gravity of the water curtain in gaps between nozzles or in areas with weak spray coverage, squeezing or tearing the water curtain upwards, forming a local low-resistance channel. Subsequent exhaust gas will preferentially escape along this channel, causing some gas to directly penetrate the spray layer without undergoing a gas-liquid contact reaction, resulting in the emission of pollutant-containing gases.

[0004] When dilute sulfuric acid absorbs ammonia gas for neutralization, supersaturated ammonium sulfate crystals are easily produced. Existing spray absorbers use an absorption liquid circulation process, which causes crystals to enter the packing layer with the circulating liquid, deposit and grow, and eventually clog the packing. Once clogged, mass transfer efficiency will drop sharply, requiring shutdown for cleaning, seriously affecting production continuity.

[0005] At the same time, when the existing spray absorption tower is working, the waste gas to be treated is input into the tower body from the side wall, which easily causes the ammonia-containing waste gas to be unevenly distributed on the tower cross section, forming a local high concentration area or "biased flow" phenomenon, affecting the adsorption efficiency;

[0006] Therefore, a spraying ammonia high-efficiency absorption tower is proposed to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the problems in the prior art that exhaust gas from the absorption tower may be directly discharged without treatment, the filler is easily blocked, and the gas is uneven on the absorption cross section, and to propose a spray-type ammonia water efficient absorption tower.

[0008] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0009] A spray-type ammonia water high-efficiency absorption tower includes a base, a high-pressure water pump, and a high-pressure liquid infusion pipe. The base is provided with a liquid storage chamber. A tower frame is provided above the base. The tower frame includes an open bottom bracket, a middle bracket, and a top fixed plate. An absorption assembly is installed in the tower frame. The absorption assembly includes a tree-shaped topology pipeline for distributing ammonia-containing gas, an ammonia absorption component for core gas-liquid mass transfer reaction, and a rotary spray separation component for separating ammonium sulfate particles. The high-pressure water pump is installed on the outer side wall of the base and is used to pressurize the absorption liquid in the liquid storage chamber and transport it to the rotary spray separation component.

[0010] The ammonia absorption assembly is located at the end of the middle bracket, including a cylinder, the outer wall of the cylinder is provided with heat dissipation fins that utilize natural wind to dissipate heat, which can maintain a suitable reaction temperature during the absorption process. The cylinder is provided with an absorption chamber for capturing ammonium sulfate and performing gas-liquid mass transfer reaction;

[0011] The rotary spray separation component is located above the ammonia absorption component and includes a spray pipe. The inner side wall of the bottom of the spray pipe is installed with a cyclone separation nozzle, which can generate high-speed rotating atomized droplets.

[0012] Preferably, the tree-shaped topology pipeline includes a main diversion pipe, a diversion branch pipe, a converging branch pipe and a converging exhaust pipe. The input end of the main diversion pipe passes through and is fixedly connected to the bottom of the liquid storage chamber. The outer wall of the pipe section of the main diversion pipe located in the liquid storage chamber is fixedly connected with an air intake pipe that passes through the side wall of the base. The main diversion pipe and the diversion branch pipe are fixedly connected and fixedly installed together in the bottom bracket. The output end of the diversion branch pipe and the input end of the converging branch pipe are fixedly installed with electric valves.

[0013] Preferably, the branch pipe is fixedly connected to the exhaust pipe, the bottom of the branch pipe is fixedly connected to the top fixed plate, and a demister is fixedly installed in the exhaust pipe to intercept mist.

[0014] Preferably, the cyclone separation nozzle includes a cyclone chamber and an edge suction ring, the outer wall of the cyclone chamber is fixedly connected to a water inlet pipe connected to a high-pressure infusion pipe, the setting direction of the water inlet pipe is tangent to the circumference of the cyclone chamber to impart angular momentum to the fluid, and a constraint nozzle is provided at the bottom of the cyclone chamber, the size of the constraint nozzle is much smaller than the chamber diameter to maintain high pressure and strong cyclone in the cavity.

[0015] Preferably, the bottom of the edge suction ring is fixedly connected to the top of the cyclone chamber, and the input end of the edge suction ring is close to the inner wall of the spray pipe, and the negative pressure generated by the strong cyclone is used to absorb the exhaust gas that breaks through the water curtain.

[0016] Preferably, a mounting sleeve is provided in the absorption chamber, and a gap is formed between the outer wall of the mounting sleeve and the inner wall of the absorption chamber. The gap is filled with a zeolite adsorption layer for adsorbing ammonium sulfate, and a detection electrode is provided at the bottom of the zeolite adsorption layer.

[0017] Preferably, the bottom of the mounting sleeve is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the cylinder and is provided with a through hole for the return flow of the spray water. A positioning groove is provided inside the mounting sleeve, and the mounting sleeve is pinned with a structured packing through the positioning groove to provide an efficient gas-liquid mass transfer surface.

[0018] Preferably, the structured filler includes a corrugated plate filler module and a honeycomb filler module. The outer walls of the corrugated plate filler module and the honeycomb filler module are provided with fixing pins, and are pinned to the inner wall of the mounting sleeve through the fixing pins. The corrugated plate filler module is installed in the cylinder at the bottom of the middle bracket, and the honeycomb filler module is installed in the cylinder at the top of the middle bracket.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0020] 1. The present invention provides a rotary spray separation component, which can utilize the central negative pressure area generated by the strong cyclone to actively absorb the escaping exhaust gas that breaks through the edge of the water curtain through the edge suction ring, and draw it back into the cyclone chamber and be captured and mixed by the high-speed rotating absorption liquid to prevent ammonia from escaping. At the same time, the centrifugal force generated by the cyclone can effectively throw the ammonium sulfate solid particles in the absorption liquid away and toward the inner wall of the absorption chamber, thereby achieving preliminary separation of gas, liquid and solid, and protecting the structured packing below.

[0021] 2. The present invention realizes the modularization and zoning of the ammonia absorption component by setting up an ammonia absorption component, through the synergistic effect of the zeolite adsorption layer and the detection electrode, combined with the electric valve with zone control. When local saturation is detected, only the branch of the corresponding area can be closed and the cylinder of the area can be disassembled to replace the zeolite or filler without stopping the operation of the entire absorption tower, which significantly improves the maintainability and continuous operation capability of the system.

[0022] 3. The present invention sets up a tree-shaped topology pipeline. After the exhaust gas enters the main branch pipe, it is evenly distributed to multiple branch pipes, ensuring the uniform distribution of the gas on the absorption cross section and avoiding biased flow. The multi-branch branch pipes realize the prerequisite of non-stop maintenance and improve the heat dissipation efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a spray-type ammonia water high-efficiency absorption tower proposed by the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of the internal structure of the base of a spray-type ammonia water high-efficiency absorption tower proposed by the present invention;

[0025] Figure 3 This is the overall structural assembly diagram of a spray-type ammonia water high-efficiency absorption tower proposed by the present invention;

[0026] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the adsorption assembly in a spray-type ammonia water high-efficiency absorption tower proposed by the present invention;

[0027] Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional view of the internal structure of the ammonia absorption component and the spray pipe in the spray-type ammonia water high-efficiency absorption tower proposed by the present invention;

[0028] Figure 6 This is a cross-sectional view of the structure of a cyclone separation nozzle in a spray-type ammonia water high-efficiency absorption tower proposed by the present invention;

[0029] Figure 7 This is an assembly diagram of the cylinder and honeycomb filler module in a spray-type ammonia water high-efficiency absorption tower proposed by the present invention;

[0030] Figure 8 This is a cross-sectional view of the internal structure of an ammonia absorption component in a spray-type ammonia water high-efficiency absorption tower proposed by the present invention;

[0031] Figure 9 This is a purification process flow chart of a spray-type ammonia water high-efficiency absorption tower proposed by the present invention.

[0032] In the figure: 1. base; 2. high-pressure water pump; 201. high-pressure infusion pipe; 3. bottom bracket; 4. middle bracket; 5. top fixed plate; 6. cylinder; 7. absorption chamber; 8. spray pipe; 9. swirl separation nozzle; 10. main diversion pipe; 11. diversion branch pipe; 12. converging branch pipe; 13. converging exhaust pipe; 14. electric valve; 15. swirl chamber; 16. water inlet pipe; 17. edge suction ring; 18. constraint nozzle; 19. mounting sleeve; 20. zeolite adsorption layer; 21. corrugated plate filler module; 22. honeycomb filler module. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0034] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "upper," "lower," "inner," "outer," "top / bottom," and the like, indicating orientations or positional relationships, are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings and are intended solely to facilitate and simplify the description of the present invention. They are not intended to indicate or imply that the devices or components referred to must have, be constructed, or operate in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limitations on the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0035] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "installed," "provided with," "mounted / connected," and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, "connected" can mean a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, and it can be internal communication between two components. Those skilled in the art will be able to understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention in specific circumstances.

[0036] Example, see Figures 1 to 9 A spray-type ammonia water high-efficiency absorption tower includes a base 1, a high-pressure water pump 2 and a high-pressure liquid infusion pipe 201. A liquid storage chamber is provided in the base 1 for storing absorption liquid (sulfuric acid solution). A tower frame is provided above the base 1. The tower frame includes an open bottom bracket 3, a middle bracket 4 and a top fixed plate 5 to facilitate heat dissipation and maintenance. An absorption assembly is installed in the tower frame. The absorption assembly includes a tree-shaped topology pipeline for distributing ammonia-containing gas, an ammonia absorption component for core gas-liquid mass transfer reaction and a rotary spray separation component for separating ammonium sulfate particles. The high-pressure water pump 2 is installed on the outer wall of the base 1 for pressurizing the absorption liquid in the liquid storage chamber and delivering it to the rotary spray separation component.

[0037] The ammonia absorption assembly is located at the end of the middle bracket 4 and includes a cylinder 6. The outer wall of the cylinder 6 is provided with heat dissipation fins that utilize natural wind to dissipate heat. The natural wind introduced into the open space in the middle of the tower body can be used for convection heat dissipation, effectively dissipating the heat generated by the neutralization reaction of ammonia and dilute sulfuric acid, and maintaining the internal temperature of the cylinder 6 within a suitable range. The cylinder 6 is provided with an absorption chamber 7 for capturing ammonium sulfate and performing gas-liquid mass transfer reactions.

[0038] The rotary spray separation component is located above the ammonia absorption component and includes a spray pipe 8. The inner side wall of the bottom of the spray pipe 8 is installed with a cyclone separation nozzle 9, which can produce high-speed rotating atomized droplets. At the same time, the high-speed rotating droplets have centrifugal force, which can throw off the ammonium sulfate solid particles in the liquid.

[0039] Furthermore, the tree-shaped topology pipeline includes a main diversion pipe 10, a diversion branch pipe 11, a converging branch pipe 12 and a converging exhaust pipe 13. The input end of the main diversion pipe 10 passes through and is fixedly connected to the bottom of the liquid storage chamber. The main diversion pipe 10 is located in the liquid storage chamber. The outer wall of the pipe section is fixedly connected with an air inlet pipe that passes through the side wall of the base 1. The main diversion pipe 10 is fixedly connected to the diversion branch pipe 11 and is fixedly installed in the bottom bracket 3 for uniform transportation of ammonia-containing waste gas. The output end of the diversion branch pipe 11 and the input end of the converging branch pipe 12 are fixedly installed with an electric valve 14. The converging branch pipe 12 is fixedly connected to the converging exhaust pipe 13. The bottom of the converging branch pipe 12 is fixedly connected to the top fixed plate 5. A demister is fixedly installed in the converging exhaust pipe 13 to intercept mist. After the exhaust gas enters the main diversion pipe 10, it is evenly distributed to multiple diversion branch pipes 11 to ensure uniform distribution of the gas on the absorption cross section and avoid flow deviation.

[0040] Furthermore, the cyclone separation nozzle 9 includes a cyclone chamber 15 and an edge suction ring 17. The outer wall of the cyclone chamber 15 is fixedly connected to a water inlet pipe 16 connected to the high-pressure infusion pipe 201. The setting direction of the water inlet pipe 16 is tangential to the circumference of the cyclone chamber 15 to impart angular momentum to the fluid. A constraint nozzle 18 is opened at the bottom of the cyclone chamber 15. The size of the constraint nozzle 18 is much smaller than the chamber diameter to maintain high pressure and strong cyclone in the cavity. The bottom of the edge suction ring 17 is fixedly connected to the top of the cyclone chamber 15. The input end of the edge suction ring 17 is close to the inner wall of the spray pipe 8. The negative pressure generated by the strong cyclone is used to absorb the exhaust gas that breaks through the water curtain, and the centrifugal force generated by the cyclone is used to throw away the ammonium sulfate particles.

[0041] A further benefit of adopting the above method is that the central negative pressure area generated by the strong vortex is used to actively absorb the escaping exhaust gas that breaks through the edge of the water curtain through the edge suction ring 17, and the exhaust gas is drawn back into the vortex chamber 15 and captured and mixed by the high-speed rotating absorption liquid to prevent the escape of ammonia. At the same time, the centrifugal force generated by the vortex can effectively throw away the solid particles of ammonium sulfate in the absorption liquid and throw them to the inner wall of the absorption chamber 7, thereby achieving preliminary separation of gas, liquid and solid, and protecting the structured packing below.

[0042] Furthermore, a mounting sleeve 19 is provided in the absorption chamber 7. A gap is formed between the outer wall of the mounting sleeve 19 and the inner wall of the absorption chamber 7. The gap is filled with a zeolite adsorption layer 20 for adsorbing ammonium sulfate. A detection electrode is provided at the bottom of the zeolite adsorption layer 20. By detecting the ammonium ion concentration of the effluent of the zeolite adsorption layer 20, the ammonium sulfate concentration and the adsorption state of the zeolite are indirectly reflected.

[0043] Furthermore, the bottom of the mounting sleeve 19 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the cylinder 6 and is provided with a through hole for the return flow of the spray water. A positioning groove is provided inside the mounting sleeve 19. The mounting sleeve 19 is pinned with a structured packing through the positioning groove to provide an efficient gas-liquid mass transfer surface. The structured packing includes a corrugated plate packing module 21 and a honeycomb packing module 22. The outer walls of the corrugated plate packing module 21 and the honeycomb packing module 22 are both provided with fixing pins and are pinned to the inner wall of the mounting sleeve 19 through the fixing pins. The corrugated plate packing module 21 is installed in the cylinder 6 at the bottom of the middle bracket 4, and the honeycomb packing module 22 is installed in the cylinder 6 at the top of the middle bracket 4.

[0044] A further benefit of adopting the above is that the structured packing module is pinned to the mounting sleeve 19 through a fixing pin, and through the synergistic effect of the zeolite adsorption layer 20 and the detection electrode, combined with the partition-controlled electric valve 14, the modularization and partitioning of the ammonia absorption component are realized. When local saturation is detected, only the branch of the corresponding area can be closed and the cylinder 6 of the area can be disassembled to replace the zeolite or packing without stopping the operation of the entire absorption tower, which significantly improves the maintainability and continuous operation capability of the system.

[0045] When the present invention is in use, the ammonia-containing waste gas is introduced into the main branch pipe 10 from the air inlet pipe, and after being evenly distributed through the branch pipe 11, it rises and enters the absorption chamber 7 in the cylinder 6. At the same time, the high-pressure water pump 2 delivers the dilute sulfuric acid absorption liquid to each cyclone separation nozzle 9. During operation, the heat dissipation fins on the outer wall of the cylinder 6 use natural wind convection to dissipate heat to maintain the reaction temperature.

[0046] Since the water inlet pipe 16 is connected to the cyclone chamber 15 in a tangential direction, the high-pressure water flows into the cyclone chamber 15 at high speed through the water inlet pipe 16 and rotates around the inner wall of the cyclone chamber 15 along the central axis of the cyclone chamber 15. Under the action of centrifugal force, a high-speed vortex around the central axis is formed in the cyclone chamber 15 and is ejected close to the edge of the constraining nozzle 18, eventually forming a conical hollow spray (water curtain) covering the cross section of the absorption chamber 7.

[0047] As the high-speed swirl rotates on the outer wall of the swirl chamber 15 due to centrifugal force, the fluid density in the central axis area is significantly reduced (rarefied). According to the principles of fluid mechanics, the centrifugal force generates an outward radial force, which must be balanced by a pressure gradient from the inside to the outside. Therefore, in the central area with low density, the static pressure must also drop significantly, thus forming a negative pressure core area.

[0048] At this time, the ammonium sulfate particles suspended in the dilute sulfuric acid absorption liquid are thrown to the inner wall of the absorption chamber 7 under the action of centrifugal force, and then fall into the zeolite adsorption layer 20 along the inner wall of the absorption chamber 7 and are adsorbed on the surface of the zeolite, thereby preventing the ammonium sulfate particles suspended in the dilute sulfuric acid absorption liquid from entering the structured packing, thereby improving the service life of the structured packing. When the absorption liquid filtered by the zeolite adsorption layer 20 flows through the detection electrode, the adsorption state of the zeolite adsorption layer 20 is detected by the detection electrode. When the electrical signal of the detection electrode is weak, it indicates that the ammonium ion concentration in the absorption liquid is low, from which it can be inferred that the zeolite adsorption layer 20 is still effectively adsorbing. When the electrical signal of the detection electrode is strong, it indicates that the ammonium ion concentration in the absorption liquid is high, from which it can be inferred that the adsorption capacity of the zeolite adsorption layer 20 is close to saturation or has been saturated.

[0049] At the same time, the negative pressure generated by the fluid in the cyclone chamber 15 draws the escaping exhaust gas that breaks through the edge of the water curtain back into the cyclone chamber 15 through the edge suction ring 17. After being drawn back, the escaping exhaust gas is immediately surrounded, torn, and entrained by the strong shear force generated by the high-speed rotation of the absorption liquid in the cyclone chamber 15, causing it to be violently mixed in the cyclone chamber 15, thereby preventing the exhaust gas from escaping from the weak points of the water curtain.

[0050] When the ammonia-containing waste gas rises, it first enters the cylinder 6 at the bottom of the middle bracket 4 and contacts the corrugated plate filler module 21. The corrugated plate filler module 21 has a high specific surface area and a complex flow channel. Its structure can provide sufficient gas-liquid contact area, which can promote rapid mass transfer and has a high reaction rate. It is used for preliminary treatment of high-concentration waste gas. The ammonia-containing waste gas that has completed the preliminary treatment enters the cylinder 6 at the top of the middle bracket 4 and contacts the honeycomb filler module 22, which redistributes the gas-liquid fluid from the lower layer and breaks up the wall flow that may be formed by the corrugated plate filler module 21. At the same time, its regular straight channel has a lower gas phase resistance, so that the ammonia-containing waste gas can flow out more smoothly through the low-resistance honeycomb filler when approaching the outlet, thereby significantly reducing the total pressure drop of the entire filler bed and reducing mist, reducing the working pressure of the demister, and ensuring that the overall gas-liquid contact is more complete. Finally, the demister in the converging exhaust pipe 13 intercepts the residual droplets and mist, and the purified gas meets the discharge standards;

[0051] When the detection electrode detects that the ammonium ion concentration is too high, it indicates that the zeolite absorption layer at that position is saturated. At this time, the electric valve 14 of the corresponding area is closed and the cylinder 6 is removed. Then, the zeolite adsorption layer 20 is cleaned and replaced. If the corrugated plate filler module 21 or the honeycomb filler module 22 needs to be replaced, the corresponding module can be replaced by applying a pulling force to remove the fixing pin, thereby achieving non-stop maintenance.

[0052] The above description is only a preferred specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field, within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, who makes equivalent replacements or changes based on the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, should be covered by the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A spray-type ammonia water high-efficiency absorption tower, comprising a base (1), a high-pressure water pump (2) and a high-pressure infusion pipe (201), characterized in that: A liquid storage chamber is provided in the base (1), a tower frame is provided above the base (1), the tower frame includes an open bottom bracket (3), a middle bracket (4) and a top fixed plate (5), an absorption assembly is installed in the tower frame, the absorption assembly includes a tree-shaped topological pipeline for distributing ammonia-containing gas, an ammonia absorption component for core gas-liquid mass transfer reaction and a rotary spray separation component for separating ammonium sulfate particles, and the high-pressure water pump (2) is installed on the outer side wall of the base (1) for pressurizing the absorption liquid in the liquid storage chamber and transporting it to the rotary spray separation component; The tree-shaped topology pipeline comprises a main shunt pipe (10), a shunt branch pipe (11), a converging branch pipe (12) and a converging exhaust pipe (13); the input end of the main shunt pipe (10) passes through and is fixedly connected to the bottom of the liquid storage chamber; the outer side wall of the pipe section of the main shunt pipe (10) located in the liquid storage chamber is fixedly connected to an air intake pipe that passes through the side wall of the base (1); the main shunt pipe (10) and the shunt branch pipe (11) are fixedly connected and fixedly installed together in the bottom bracket (3); the output end of the shunt branch pipe (11) and the input end of the converging branch pipe (12) are fixedly installed with an electric valve (14); The ammonia absorption assembly is located at the end portion of the middle bracket (4), and includes a cylinder (6). The outer wall of the cylinder (6) is provided with heat dissipation fins that utilize natural wind to dissipate heat, thereby maintaining a suitable reaction temperature for the absorption process. The cylinder (6) is provided with an absorption chamber (7) for capturing ammonium sulfate and performing a gas-liquid mass transfer reaction. The cyclone separation assembly is located above the ammonia absorption assembly and comprises a spray pipe (8). A cyclone separation nozzle (9) is installed on the inner side wall of the bottom of the spray pipe (8) and is capable of generating high-speed rotating atomized droplets.

2. A spray-type ammonia water efficient absorption tower according to claim 1, characterized in that: The converging branch pipe (12) is fixedly connected to the converging exhaust pipe (13), the bottom of the converging branch pipe (12) is fixedly connected to the top fixed plate (5), and a demister is fixedly installed in the converging exhaust pipe (13) to intercept mist.

3. A spray-type ammonia water efficient absorption tower according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cyclone separation nozzle (9) comprises a cyclone chamber (15) and an edge suction ring (17); the outer wall of the cyclone chamber (15) is fixedly connected to a water inlet pipe (16) connected to a high-pressure liquid infusion pipe (201); the setting direction of the water inlet pipe (16) is tangent to the circumference of the cyclone chamber (15) to impart angular momentum to the fluid; a constrained nozzle (18) is provided at the bottom of the cyclone chamber (15); the size of the constrained nozzle (18) is much smaller than the chamber diameter to maintain high pressure and strong cyclone in the chamber.

4. A spray-type ammonia water efficient absorption tower according to claim 3, characterized in that: The bottom of the edge suction ring (17) is fixedly connected to the top of the cyclone chamber (15), and the input end of the edge suction ring (17) is close to the inner wall of the spray pipe (8), and the negative pressure generated by the strong cyclone is used to absorb the exhaust gas that breaks through the water curtain.

5. A spray-type ammonia water efficient absorption tower according to claim 1, characterized in that: A mounting sleeve (19) is provided in the absorption chamber (7), a gap is formed between the outer wall of the mounting sleeve (19) and the inner wall of the absorption chamber (7), the gap is filled with a zeolite adsorption layer (20) for adsorbing ammonium sulfate, and a detection electrode is provided at the bottom of the zeolite adsorption layer (20).

6. A spray-type ammonia water efficient absorption tower according to claim 5, characterized in that: The bottom of the mounting sleeve (19) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the cylinder (6) and is provided with a through hole for spray water return. A positioning groove is provided inside the mounting sleeve (19). The mounting sleeve (19) is pinned with a structured packing through the positioning groove to provide an efficient gas-liquid mass transfer surface.

7. A spray-type ammonia water efficient absorption tower according to claim 6, characterized in that: The structured filler comprises a corrugated plate filler module (21) and a honeycomb filler module (22). The outer walls of the corrugated plate filler module (21) and the honeycomb filler module (22) are both provided with fixing pins, and are pin-connected to the inner wall of the mounting sleeve (19) through the fixing pins. The corrugated plate filler module (21) is installed in the cylinder (6) at the bottom of the middle bracket (4), and the honeycomb filler module (22) is installed in the cylinder (6) at the top of the middle bracket (4).

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