Powder piece printing and laser etching device and laser etching powder piece preparation process thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of laser etching equipment and material preparation, and discloses a powder piece printing and laser etching device and a laser etching powder piece preparation process thereof.The powder piece printing and laser etching device comprises an operation table, a shell is arranged on the upper surface of the operation table, a third motor is arranged in the shell, and a first belt wheel is fixedly arranged at the output end of the third motor; a belt is connected to the interior of the first belt wheel, a second belt wheel is connected to one end of the belt, a rotating shaft is fixedly arranged in the middle of the second belt wheel, a gear is arranged at the bottom end of the rotating shaft, racks are symmetrically connected to the tooth end of the gear in a meshed mode, and a sliding strip is arranged on one side of each rack. The positions of the powder tablets are accurately adjusted, and the surfaces of the powder tablets are cleaned. In the powder piece machining process, the powder piece can be accurately moved to a proper laser etching position, and the problem that a laser etching pattern is inaccurate due to position deviation is solved. The problems that in existing powder piece printing and laser etching machining, positioning is not accurate, and laser etching logo printing quality and flexibility are poor are solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of laser engraving equipment and material preparation, in particular to a powder sheet printing laser engraving device and a laser engraving powder sheet preparation process. Background Art

[0002] Laser engraving and printing on powder sheets are widely used in many industrial and commercial applications today. For example, in the cosmetics industry, powder cosmetics such as pressed powder, blush, and eye shadow are often presented in the form of powder sheets. This involves compressing the powdered material in a container to form a sheet or block structure. In the past, adding brand logos or specific logos to powder sheets was a common method of die pressing.

[0003] This mold pressing process has many limitations. On the one hand, the production cost of the mold itself is high, especially for some complex and delicate pattern designs. It not only requires professional mold manufacturing technology, but also involves a long production cycle, which undoubtedly increases the initial investment cost of the product. On the other hand, once the mold is formed and the pattern is fixed, if the logo needs to be changed later, the mold must be rebuilt, which lacks flexibility. Mold pressing is affected by mold quality and pressure control, and often results in blurred pattern edges and uneven depths. It is difficult to stably output high-quality logos and it is difficult to meet the current consumers' high-quality requirements for the appearance of cosmetics. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of the shortcomings of the existing technology, the present invention provides a powder sheet printing laser engraving device and a laser engraving powder sheet preparation process, which solves the problems of inaccurate positioning, laser engraving logo printing quality and poor flexibility in the existing powder sheet printing laser engraving processing.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solutions: a powder sheet printing laser engraving device, comprising an operating table, the upper surface of the operating table is provided with a shell, the interior of the shell is provided with a motor three, the output end of the motor three is fixedly provided with a pulley one, the interior of the pulley one is connected with a belt, one end of the belt is connected with a pulley two, the middle of the pulley two is fixedly provided with a rotating shaft, the bottom end of the rotating shaft is provided with a gear, the tooth end of the gear is symmetrically meshed with a rack, a slide bar is provided on one side of the rack, the outer wall of the slide bar is slidably connected to the inner wall of the shell, one end of the slide bar is fixedly provided with a fixing rod, the top of the fixing rod is fixedly provided with a clamping block, the outer wall of the clamping block is provided with a slide groove three, the slide groove three of the clamping block is slidably connected with a brush, and the bottom end of the brush is provided above the shell.

[0006] Preferably, a first slide groove is provided on the upper surface of the operating table, a second motor is provided inside the operating table, and a second threaded rod is fixedly provided on the output end of the second motor.

[0007] Preferably, one end of the threaded rod 2 is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the operating table, the outer wall of the threaded rod 2 is threadedly connected to a slider 1, the outer wall of the slider 1 is slidably connected to the inside of the slide groove 1, and the top of the slider 1 is provided with a driving mechanism.

[0008] Preferably, the driving mechanism includes a column, the bottom end of the column is arranged at the top of the slider 1, the side wall of the column is provided with a slide groove 2, the outer top wall of the column is provided with a bearing block, and the top of the bearing block is provided with a motor 1.

[0009] Preferably, a bevel gear 1 is fixedly provided at the output end of the motor 1, the tooth end of the bevel gear 1 is meshedly connected with a bevel gear 2, the bottom end of the bevel gear 2 passes through the column and is fixed with a threaded rod 1, and the bottom end of the threaded rod 1 is rotatably connected to the inner bottom end of the column.

[0010] Preferably, the outer wall of the threaded rod 1 is threadedly connected to an L-shaped slider, a slider 2 is provided on one side of the L-shaped slider, the outer wall of the slider 2 is slidably connected to the inside of the slide groove 2, an electric push rod is fixedly provided on the side wall of the slider 2, a connecting rod is fixedly provided on the output end of the electric push rod, a laser is provided at one end of the connecting rod, the upper surface of the L-shaped slider is slidably connected to the laser, a galvanometer is provided at one end of the laser, and a field mirror is provided on the lower surface of the galvanometer.

[0011] Preferably, a plurality of legs are provided on the lower surface of the operating table, support rods are provided on the side walls of the legs, and universal wheels are provided at the bottom ends of the legs.

[0012] A process for preparing laser engraving powder sheets for a powder sheet printing laser engraving device, used for the powder sheet printing laser engraving device, comprises the following steps:

[0013] S1. Preparation stage: Conduct a comprehensive inspection and debugging of all components of the laser engraving device, select appropriate laser engraving powder sheets and record their size parameters, including length L p , width W p , and height H p , use the motor to drive the clamp to clamp the powder sheet on the operating table;

[0014] S2, position adjustment stage: the motor drives the slider to move along the slide groove to achieve preliminary positioning in the horizontal X direction, and the motor drives the L-shaped slider to move up and down along the column to achieve preliminary positioning in the vertical Z direction. The electric push rod fine-tunes the position of the laser in the X and Y directions, so that the field mirror is accurately aligned with the position on the powder sheet to be laser engraved. The position error is controlled within ±0.05mm;

[0015] S3, parameter setting and printing laser engraving operation stage: set the laser power P l(1-50w), pulse frequency f (10-100kHz), pulse width τ (10-100ns) parameters, enter the length L of the preset pattern logo l , width W l and depth H l Parameters, start the laser to complete laser engraving on the surface of the powder sheet according to the preset pattern. Use a brush to clean the surface of the powder sheet as needed during the laser engraving process. The laser engraving depth accuracy is controlled within ±0.01mm;

[0016] S4, post-processing stage: After the laser engraving is completed, turn off the equipment, loosen the clamping block to take out the powder sheet, check the laser engraving quality of the powder sheet, clean and maintain the device and restore it to its initial state.

[0017] Preferably, the moving distance X1 of the slider 1 can be calculated according to the following formula: X1=n×P; wherein n is the number of rotations of the motor 2, and P is the pitch of the threaded rod 2.

[0018] Preferably, the actual length L of the laser engraved pattern on the powder sheet is r =L l ×k L Width W r =W l ×k W ; Depth H r =f(P l , f, τ); where k L and k W is the proportional coefficient related to the optical system and mechanical transmission accuracy, H r It is about the laser power P l , a function of pulse frequency f and pulse width τ.

[0019] Working Principle: In terms of the device structure, the operating table is supported by legs. The support rods on the side walls of the legs enhance stability, and the universal wheels at the bottom are easy to move. Motor 3 drives pulley 1 to rotate, and the belt drives pulley 2, which causes the gear connected to pulley 2 to rotate. The meshing rack, slide bar, etc. drive the clamping block to move to clamp or loosen the powder sheet. Motor 2 drives threaded rod 2 to rotate, causing slider 1 to move along slide groove 1 to achieve horizontal position adjustment. Motor 1 drives bevel gear 1 to drive bevel gear 2, which in turn causes threaded rod 1 to rotate, causing the L-shaped slider to move up and down along the column. In conjunction with slider 2 and the electric push rod, it can achieve fine-tuning of the vertical and front-to-back position of key laser engraving components such as the laser, allowing the field mirror to accurately align with the laser engraving position of the powder sheet.

[0020] During the preparation phase, the device is thoroughly inspected and debugged, followed by the aforementioned three-motor transmission mechanism securing the powder sheet. The position adjustment phase relies on the coordinated operation of the motors and transmission components to precisely adjust the position of the laser engraved component. During the laser engraving operation phase, laser parameters are set. After startup, the laser beam is redirected by a galvanometer and focused by a field lens before being applied to the powder sheet. During this process, a brush is used to clean the sheet surface as needed. During the post-processing phase, the device is shut down, the motors are reversed, the clamps are released, and the powder sheet is removed. The laser engraving quality is inspected, the device is cleaned and maintained, and all components are restored to their original state.

[0021] The present invention provides a powder sheet printing laser engraving device and a laser engraving powder sheet preparation process. It has the following beneficial effects:

[0022] 1. This invention precisely adjusts the position of the powder sheet and cleans the surface of the powder sheet. During the powder sheet processing process, the powder sheet can be accurately moved to the appropriate laser engraving position, avoiding the problem of inaccurate laser engraving patterns due to position deviation. This solves the problems of inaccurate positioning, poor printing quality of laser engraved logos, and poor flexibility in existing powder sheet printing and laser engraving processes.

[0023] 2. The present invention utilizes the precise linear movement of slider 1 on the operating table. By controlling the rotation direction and number of revolutions of motor 2 according to actual processing requirements, the position of slider 1 within chute 1 can be accurately controlled. This solves the problems of low precision and inconvenient operation of traditional position adjustment methods.

[0024] 3. This invention precisely adjusts the vertical height of the laser, galvanometer, and field lens, as well as their front-to-back position. This allows for precise control of the spatial position of these key components based on the specific process requirements for laser engraving on powder sheets, enabling the laser to act on the sheet at the precise angle and position. This solves the problem of traditional devices being unable to achieve multi-dimensional position adjustment.

[0025] 4. The present invention achieves both stable support and easy mobility for the operating table through the coordination of the legs, support rods, and universal wheels. When the device needs to be fixed, the combination of the legs and support rods ensures that the operating table and the entire laser engraving device are firmly in the working position and will not easily shake due to external interference. This ensures that all components can work accurately during the laser engraving operation and maintains the laser engraving accuracy. This solves the problem of unstable fixation and inconvenient movement of the device. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] Figure 1 This is a front perspective diagram of a powder sheet printing laser engraving device according to the present invention;

[0027] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the partial structure of the operating table of a powder sheet printing and laser engraving device of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the partial structure of the motor of a powder sheet printing laser engraving device of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of a partial structure of a motor of a powder sheet printing laser engraving device of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 5 This is a partial structural cross-sectional view of a powder sheet printing laser engraving device at a column of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 6 This is a partial structural cross-sectional view of the outer shell of a powder sheet printing and laser engraving device of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 7 This is a process flow chart for preparing laser engraving powder sheets for a powder sheet printing laser engraving device of the present invention.

[0033] Among them, 1. operating table; 2. slide 1; 3. support leg; 4. universal wheel; 5. support rod; 6. load-bearing block; 7. motor 1; 8. bevel gear 1; 9. bevel gear 2; 10. column; 11. threaded rod 1; 12. clamping block; 13. housing; 14. brush; 15. motor 2; 16. threaded rod 2; 17. slider 1; 18. slide 2; 19. slider 2; 20. electric push rod; 21. connecting rod; 22. L-shaped slider; 23. laser; 24. galvanometer; 25. field mirror; 26. motor 3; 27. pulley 1; 28. belt; 29. pulley 2; 30. gear; 31. rack; 32. slider; 33. fixing rod. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solution of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0035] Please see the attached Figure 1 -Attached Figure 2 , Attachment Figure 6The embodiment of the present invention provides a powder sheet printing laser engraving device, including an operating table 1, a shell 13 is provided on the upper surface of the operating table 1, a motor 3 26 is provided inside the shell 13, a pulley 1 27 is fixedly provided at the output end of the motor 3 26, a belt 28 is connected inside the pulley 1 27, one end of the belt 28 is connected to a pulley 29, a rotating shaft is fixedly provided at the middle of the pulley 2 29, a gear 30 is provided at the bottom end of the rotating shaft, a rack 31 is symmetrically meshed with the tooth end of the gear 30, a slide bar 32 is provided on one side of the rack 31, the outer wall of the slide bar 32 is slidably connected to the inner wall of the shell 13, a fixing rod 33 is fixedly provided at one end of the slide bar 32, a clamping block 12 is fixedly provided at the top of the fixing rod 33, a slide groove 3 is provided on the outer wall of the clamping block 12, a brush 14 is slidably connected in the slide groove 3 of the clamping block 12, and the bottom end of the brush 14 is provided above the shell 13.

[0036] Specifically, inside the housing 13, a motor three 26 is provided. When the motor three 26 is working, its output end drives the fixed pulley one 27 to rotate. The pulley one 27 transmits power through the internally connected belt 28. One end of the belt 28 is connected to the pulley two 29. When the pulley one 27 rotates, the belt 28 drives the pulley two 29 to rotate synchronously. A rotating shaft is fixedly provided in the middle of the pulley two 29. When the pulley two 29 rotates, it drives the rotating shaft to rotate together. A gear 30 is provided at the bottom end of the rotating shaft, and the gear 30 will rotate as the rotating shaft rotates. The tooth ends of the gear 30 are symmetrically meshed with the rack 31. When the gear 30 rotates, the meshing relationship between the gear and the rack will push the rack 31 to perform linear motion. A slide bar 32 is provided on one side of the rack 31 to guide and support the rack 31. The outer wall of the rack 31 is slidably connected to the inner wall of the housing 13, allowing the rack 31 to slide stably on the inner wall of the housing 13 via the slide bar 32. A fixed rod 33 is fixed to one end of the slide bar 32. When the rack 31 slides, it also moves the fixed rod 33.

[0037] A clamping block 12 is fixed to the top of the fixing rod 33, so the movement of the fixing rod 33 will cause the clamping block 12 to move accordingly. The function of the clamping block 12 is to clamp and fix the powder sheet. By rotating the motor 3 26 and passing through a series of transmission structures, the position of the clamping block 12 can be adjusted, thereby accurately adjusting the position of the powder sheet. The outer wall of the clamping block 12 is provided with a chute 3, and a brush 14 is slidably connected in the chute 3. The bottom end of the brush 14 is set above the housing 13. Before, after, or during the laser engraving operation, the brush 14 can slide in the chute 3 to clean the surface of the powder sheet.

[0038] By precisely adjusting the powder sheet's position and cleaning its surface, the chip can be accurately moved to the appropriate laser engraving position during the chip processing process, avoiding inaccurate laser engraving patterns caused by positional deviations. This solves the problems of inaccurate positioning, poor print quality, and poor flexibility in existing laser engraving processes using powder sheet printing. It ensures the clarity and precision of laser engraving, improving flexibility and the quality of the finished product.

[0039] Please see the attached Figure 1 -Attached Figure 3 A slide groove 2 is provided on the upper surface of the operating table 1, and a motor 2 15 is provided inside the operating table 1. A threaded rod 2 16 is fixedly provided at the output end of the motor 2 15. One end of the threaded rod 2 16 is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the operating table 1. The outer wall of the threaded rod 2 16 is threadedly connected to a slider 17. The outer wall of the slider 17 is slidably connected to the inside of the slide groove 2, and a driving mechanism is provided at the top of the slider 17.

[0040] Specifically, the upper surface of the operating table 1 is provided with a chute 12, within which a motor 15 is mounted. When the motor 15 is activated, its output end drives a fixedly mounted threaded rod 16 to rotate. One end of the threaded rod 16 is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the operating table 1, providing support and positioning, ensuring that the threaded rod 16 can rotate stably. Because the outer wall of the threaded rod 16 is threadedly connected to the slider 17, according to the principle of threaded transmission, when the threaded rod 16 rotates, the slider 17 moves axially on the threaded rod 16. Because the outer wall of the slider 17 is slidably connected to the interior of the chute 2, the chute 2 guides and limits the slider 17, so that the slider 17 can only move linearly in the direction defined by the chute 2. Through the rotation of the motor 15, the threaded transmission between the threaded rod 16 and the slider 17, and the guiding effect of the chute 2, the linear movement of the slider 17 on the operating table is achieved.

[0041] This device achieves precise linear movement of slider 17 on operating table 1. By controlling the rotation direction and number of revolutions of motor 2 15 according to actual processing requirements, the position of slider 17 within chute 2 can be accurately controlled. This solves the problems of low precision and inconvenient operation of traditional position adjustment methods.

[0042] Please see the attached Figure 1 -Attached Figure 2 , Attachment Figure 4 -Attached Figure 5The driving mechanism includes a column 10, the bottom end of the column 10 is set at the top of the slider 17, the side wall of the column 10 is provided with a slide groove 2 18, the outer top wall of the column 10 is provided with a bearing block 6, the top of the bearing block 6 is provided with a motor 7, the output end of the motor 7 is fixedly provided with a bevel gear 8, the tooth end of the bevel gear 8 is meshed and connected with a bevel gear 2 9, the bottom end of the bevel gear 2 9 passes through the column 10 and is fixedly provided with a threaded rod 11, the bottom end of the threaded rod 11 is rotatably connected to the inner bottom end of the column 10, and the threaded rod 11 is screwed to the bottom end of the inner bottom end of the column 10. The outer wall of rod 11 is threadedly connected to an L-shaped slider 22, and a slider 2 19 is provided on one side of the L-shaped slider 22. The outer wall of slider 2 19 is slidably connected to the inside of slide groove 2 18. An electric push rod 20 is fixedly provided on the side wall of slider 2 19, and a connecting rod 21 is fixedly provided on the output end of the electric push rod 20. A laser 23 is provided at one end of the connecting rod 21. The upper surface of the L-shaped slider 22 is slidably connected to the laser 23, and a galvanometer 24 is provided at one end of the laser 23. A field lens 25 is provided on the lower surface of the galvanometer 24.

[0043] Specifically, the driving mechanism is based on the column 10, and the bottom end of the column 10 is fixed to the top of the slider 17 to form a stable support. The motor 17 is installed on the bearing block 6. After starting the motor 17, its output end drives the bevel gear 18 to rotate, and the bevel gear 18 engages with the bevel gear 29, thereby driving the bevel gear 29 to rotate, so that the threaded rod 11 connected thereto rotates inside the column 10. Since the threaded rod 11 is threadedly connected to the L-shaped slider 22, when the threaded rod 11 rotates, the L-shaped slider 22 will move up and down in the vertical direction along the threaded rod 11. At the same time, the slider 2 19 on one side of the L-shaped slider 22 slides in the slide groove 2 18. The slide groove 2 18 limits the movement direction of the slider 2 19, ensuring the stability of the vertical movement of the L-shaped slider 22 and the slider 2 19.

[0044] When the L-shaped slider 22 moves up and down, it drives the connected slider 2 19 to move up and down synchronously, and the electric push rod 20 fixed to one side of the slider 2 19 also moves up and down. In addition, the laser 23, the galvanometer 24, and the field lens 25 connected to the upper surface of the L-shaped slider 22 also adjust their height as the L-shaped slider 22 moves up and down.

[0045] The electric push rod 20 has a telescopic function. When the electric push rod 20 is extended or retracted, its output end drives the connecting rod 21 to move, which in turn drives the laser 23 to slide on the upper surface of the L-shaped slider 22, thereby adjusting the front-to-back position of the laser 23. The connected galvanometer mirror 24 and field lens 25 will also change their front-to-back position accordingly.

[0046] By precisely adjusting the vertical height of the laser 23, galvanometer 24, and field lens 25, as well as flexibly adjusting their positions in the front-to-back direction, the system can precisely control the spatial positions of these key components based on the specific process requirements for laser engraving on powder sheets, enabling the laser to act on the sheet at the exact angle and position. This solves the problem of traditional devices being unable to achieve multi-dimensional position adjustment.

[0047] Please see the attached Figure 1 -Attached Figure 3 The lower surface of the operating table 1 is provided with a plurality of legs 3, the side walls of the legs 3 are provided with support rods 5, and the bottom ends of the legs 3 are provided with universal wheels 4.

[0048] Specifically, the operating platform 1 relies on a number of legs 3 provided on its lower surface for support. The legs 3 provide a stable vertical support for the operating platform 1, ensuring that the operating platform 1 is positioned at an appropriate height and providing a stable installation base for various laser engraving-related components above. Support rods 5 are provided on the side walls of the legs 3, with each end of the support rod 5 connected to a different leg 3. Through this connection method, the stability principle of the triangle is utilized to form a relatively stable structure between the legs 3, enhancing the stability of the entire support system and preventing the legs 3 from shaking or deforming.

[0049] A universal wheel 4 is provided at the bottom end of the support leg 3. The universal wheel 4 has the structural feature of being able to rotate flexibly in multiple directions. Through its internal bearings and other rotating parts, the entire device can move in different directions by relying on the rotation of the universal wheel 4 under the action of a small thrust applied by the outside world.

[0050] The coordination of the legs 3, support rods 5, and universal wheels 4 ensures both stable support and easy mobility for the operating platform 1. When the device needs to be fixed, the combination of the legs 3 and support rods 5 ensures that the operating platform 1 and the entire laser engraving device remain firmly in their working position, preventing them from easily shaking due to external interference. This ensures that all components function accurately during the laser engraving operation, maintaining laser engraving accuracy. This solves the problem of unstable fixation and inconvenient movement of the device.

[0051] Please see the attached Figure 7 A process for preparing laser engraving powder sheets for a powder sheet printing laser engraving device, which is used for a powder sheet printing laser engraving device, comprises the following steps:

[0052] S1. Preparation stage: Conduct a comprehensive inspection and debugging of all components of the laser engraving device, select appropriate laser engraving powder sheets and record their size parameters, including length L p , width W p , and height H p , using motor three 26 to drive the clamping block 12 to clamp the powder sheet on the operating table 1;

[0053] S2, position adjustment stage: Motor 2 15 drives slider 17 to move along slide 2 to achieve preliminary positioning in the horizontal X direction, and motor 17 drives L-shaped slider 22 to move up and down along column 10 to achieve preliminary positioning in the vertical Z direction. Electric push rod 20 fine-tunes the position of laser 23 in the X and Y directions, so that field lens 25 is accurately aligned with the position on the powder sheet to be laser engraved, and the position error is controlled within ±0.05mm;

[0054] S3, parameter setting and printing laser engraving operation stage: set the power P of laser 23 l (1-50w), pulse frequency f (10-100kHz), pulse width τ (10-100ns) parameters, enter the length L of the preset pattern logo l , width W l and depth H l Parameters, start the laser 23 to complete laser engraving on the surface of the powder sheet according to the preset pattern, and use the brush 14 to clean the surface of the powder sheet as needed during the laser engraving process. The laser engraving depth accuracy is controlled within ±0.01mm;

[0055] S4, post-processing stage: After the laser engraving is completed, the equipment is turned off, the clamping block 12 is loosened to take out the powder sheet, the laser engraving quality of the powder sheet is checked, the device is cleaned and maintained, and restored to its initial state.

[0056] Specifically, operators inspect the various components of the laser engraving device according to the equipment's operating manual and technical specifications. For mechanical components, such as motors, transmission rods, and sliders, visually inspect their appearance for signs of wear, deformation, or looseness, and manually rotate the components to check for smooth rotation. For electrical components, such as controllers, sensors, and circuits, use professional testing instruments, such as multimeters and oscilloscopes, to check whether their electrical parameters are normal and whether signal transmission is stable. For optical components, such as the laser 23, galvanometer 24, and field lens 25, inspect their lenses for cleanliness and damage, and debug the optical path to ensure accurate focusing and transmission of the laser.

[0057] The appropriate powder sheet is selected based on the material, hardness, thickness, and other characteristics of the different powder sheets, combined with the requirements of the laser engraving pattern. After the motor 3 26 is powered on, its rotor begins to rotate, driving pulley 1 27 through the coupling. Pulley 1 27 drives pulley 2 29 through belt 28. Pulley 2 29 is coaxially connected to gear 30, thereby rotating gear 30. Gear 30 and rack 31 engage with each other. When gear 30 rotates, it pushes rack 31 to slide on slide 32. Rack 31 is connected to clamping block 12 through fixed rod 33, which in turn drives clamping block 12 to move, clamping the powder sheet on the operating table 1. During the clamping process, sufficient friction is generated between clamping block 12 and the powder sheet to ensure that the powder sheet will not be displaced during subsequent operations. At the same time, the operator uses measuring tools such as calipers and micrometers to accurately measure the length, width, and height of the powder sheet and record these dimensional parameters for reference when making subsequent position adjustments and parameter settings.

[0058] When motor 2 (15) is energized, its output shaft rotates threaded rod (2) (16), which is threadedly connected to slider (17). Because the outer wall of slider (17) slides against the inner wall of chute (2), as threaded rod (2) (16) rotates, slider (17) moves horizontally along chute (2) due to the threaded drive. By controlling the direction and number of rotations of motor (2) (15), the operator precisely controls the movement distance of slider (17), achieving initial horizontal positioning.

[0059] When motor 1 (7) is powered, its output shaft rotates bevel gear 1 (8), which meshes with bevel gear 2 (9), thereby driving bevel gear 2 (9). Bevel gear 2 (9) is fixedly connected to threaded rod 1 (11). When bevel gear 2 (9) rotates, threaded rod 1 (11) rotates with it. Threaded rod 1 (11) is threadedly connected to an L-shaped slider. One side of the L-shaped slider is fixedly connected to slider 2 (19). The outer wall of slider 2 (19) slides with the inner wall of slot 2 (18) on column 10. As threaded rod 1 (11) rotates, the L-shaped slider, driven by the threaded drive, moves vertically along column 10, achieving initial vertical positioning.

[0060] The electric push rod 20 realizes telescopic movement through the internal motor and screw mechanism. One end of the electric push rod 20 is fixedly connected to the slider 2 19, and the other end is connected to the connecting rod 21, and the connecting rod 21 is fixedly connected to the laser 23. When the electric push rod 20 is extended or retracted, it drives the connecting rod 21 to move, thereby fine-tuning the position of the laser 23 in the horizontal and vertical directions. During the adjustment process, the position of the laser 23 is monitored in real time by the position sensor installed on the device, and the position information is fed back to the control system. The control system calculates the position deviation based on the preset laser engraving position and the actual monitored position information, and by controlling the extension and retraction of the electric push rod 20, the field lens 25 is accurately aligned with the position on the powder sheet to be laser engraved, and the position error is controlled within ±0.05mm.

[0061] The operator sets the power, pulse frequency, and pulse width parameters of the laser 23 according to the material and thickness of the powder sheet and the requirements of the laser engraving pattern. The power parameter determines the energy of the laser. The higher the power, the greater the energy of the laser, and the more obvious the ablation effect that can be produced on the powder sheet. The pulse frequency parameter determines the emission frequency of the laser pulse. The higher the frequency, the more laser pulses are emitted per unit time, and the faster the laser engraving speed, but it may affect the accuracy of the laser engraving. The pulse width parameter determines the duration of each laser pulse. The narrower the pulse width, the higher the peak power of the laser, which can produce a more refined laser engraving effect. At the same time, the operator inputs the length, width, and depth parameters of the preset pattern logo. These parameters will be transmitted to the control system as the basis for laser engraving.

[0062] After the parameter settings are complete, the laser 23 is started, and the laser beam generated by the laser 23 first passes through the galvanometer 24. The galvanometer 24 is an optical element that can quickly and accurately control the direction of the laser beam. The internal motor drives the lens to rotate, changing the reflection angle of the laser beam, so that the laser beam scans the surface of the powder sheet along the path of the preset pattern. After passing through the galvanometer 24, the laser beam is focused by the field lens 25. The field lens 25 can focus the laser beam to a very small point on the surface of the powder sheet, increasing the energy density of the laser, thereby producing an ablation effect on the surface of the powder sheet and completing the laser engraving operation. During the laser engraving process, since some debris or dust may be generated on the surface of the powder sheet, affecting the quality of the laser engraving, a brush 14 is used to clean the surface of the powder sheet as needed. The brush 14 is driven by a motor and moves across the surface of the powder sheet to remove debris and dust. At the same time, the depth of the laser engraving is monitored in real time through a depth sensor installed on the device, and the depth information is fed back to the control system. The control system automatically adjusts the parameters of the laser 23 according to the preset laser engraving depth and the actual monitored depth information, and controls the laser engraving depth accuracy within ±0.01mm.

[0063] When the laser engraving is completed, the operator first turns off the power of the laser 23 and other related equipment to stop the operation of the equipment. Then, the motor 3 26 is started to reverse, so that the clamping block 12 loosens the clamping force on the powder sheet, and the operator removes the powder sheet from the operating table 1. Next, professional testing equipment such as microscopes and 3D scanners are used to check the laser engraving quality of the powder sheet, including the clarity of the pattern, dimensional accuracy, depth uniformity, etc. If any quality problems are found in the powder sheet, it will be marked and classified for subsequent processing. Finally, the laser engraving device is cleaned and maintained, dust and debris are removed from the surface of the equipment, the connections of the various components are checked for looseness, worn components are replaced or repaired, and the various movable components of the equipment are restored to their original state to prepare for the next laser engraving operation.

[0064] During the laser engraving process using powder sheets, the preparation phase involves a comprehensive inspection and debugging of the device to ensure normal operation, accurately selecting and securing the powder sheet, and laying the foundation for subsequent operations. The position adjustment phase utilizes the coordinated work of the motor and transmission components to precisely adjust the position of the laser 23, allowing the field lens 25 to accurately align with the laser engraving position. The parameter setting and laser engraving operation phase involves rationally setting the laser 23 parameters and pattern parameters, combining the functions of the galvanometer 24, field lens 25, and brush 14 to achieve precise laser engraving according to the preset pattern, ensuring depth accuracy and surface quality. The post-processing phase involves timely shutting down the device, removing the powder sheet, inspecting its quality, and cleaning and maintaining the device to ensure optimal conditions for the next operation. This entire preparation process achieves precise control of the laser engraving process, improving the accuracy, quality, and efficiency of laser engraving, meeting the requirements for laser engraving of different powder sheets and patterns, while ensuring the normal operation and good condition of the equipment. The preparation stage solves the problem of production interruption and powder sheet displacement caused by equipment failure; the position adjustment stage solves the problem of laser engraving pattern deviation caused by inaccurate position of laser 23; the parameter setting and printing laser engraving operation stage overcomes the quality problems caused by unsatisfactory laser engraving effect and unclean powder sheet surface due to improper parameter setting; the post-processing stage avoids the problem of failure caused by untimely maintenance of equipment and the flow of defective products into the next process.

[0065] The moving distance X1 of the slider 17 can be calculated according to the following formula: X1=n×P, where n is the number of rotations of the motor 2 15 and P is the pitch of the threaded rod 2 16 .

[0066] Specifically, in this powder sheet printing and laser engraving device, motor 2 (15) serves as the power source. When energized, the internal electromagnetic structure generates a rotating magnetic field under the action of the current, which in turn drives the motor rotor to rotate. The output end of motor 2 (15) is connected to threaded rod 2 (16). When motor 2 (15) rotates, it drives threaded rod 2 (16) to rotate synchronously.

[0067] Threaded rod 16 has a specific pitch P, which is the distance it moves axially per rotation of threaded rod 16. Slider 17 is threadedly connected to threaded rod 16. When threaded rod 16 rotates, slider 17 is subjected to a force due to the helical structure of the threads.

[0068] According to the principle of screw transmission, slider 17 moves axially along threaded rod 2 16 under this force. The distance X1 of movement is closely related to the number of revolutions n of motor 2 15 and the pitch P of threaded rod 2 16. Specifically, for every revolution of motor 2 15, slider 17 moves axially along threaded rod 2 16 by the pitch P. Therefore, when motor 2 15 rotates n times, slider 17 moves distance X1 = n × P.

[0069] At the same time, the outer wall of the slider 17 is slidably connected to the inside of the slide groove 2 on the operating table 1. The slide groove 2 guides and limits the slider 17, which limits the slider 17 to move only in the direction specified by the slide groove 2, ensuring the linearity and stability of the movement of the slider 17 and preventing the slider 17 from deflecting or shaking during the movement.

[0070] Through the coordinated operation of motor 2 15 , threaded rod 2 16 , slider 1 17 , and slide 2 , based on the principle of screw transmission and the precise calculation formula X1 = n×P, the horizontal movement distance of slider 17 can be precisely controlled. The operator can precisely adjust the slider's position by controlling the number of motor revolutions as needed, thereby precisely positioning the relevant laser engraving components and ensuring that the field lens 25 is precisely aligned with the laser engraving position of the powder sheet. This provides reliable positioning for high-precision laser engraving operations and improves the accuracy and reliability of laser engraving operations. This solves the problem of traditional powder sheet printing laser engraving devices lacking precise control means and calculation methods for horizontal component position adjustment, which can easily lead to component position deviations and affect the laser engraving accuracy and quality.

[0071] The actual length L of the laser engraved pattern on the powder sheet r =L l ×k L Width W r =W l ×k W ; Depth H r =f(P l , f, τ); where k L and k W is the proportional coefficient related to the optical system and mechanical transmission accuracy, H r It is about the laser power P l , a function of pulse frequency f and pulse width τ.

[0072] Specifically, in a powder sheet printing laser engraving device, when performing the laser engraving operation, you first need to enter the length parameter of the preset pattern logo. This parameter is the ideal length value set based on the design requirements. However, in the actual laser engraving process, due to certain precision issues in the optical system (including components such as the laser 23, galvanometer 24, and field lens 25) and mechanical transmission components (such as the motor, slider, and screw that drive the laser 23 and other components), it is not possible to accurately reproduce the preset length on the powder sheet.

[0073] The laser beam emitted by laser 23 is angled by galvanometer mirror 24. A motor within galvanometer mirror 24 drives the lens to rotate rapidly, changing the laser beam's reflection direction according to a pre-set path pattern, enabling it to scan along a predetermined length. The laser beam is then focused onto the surface of the powder sheet by field lens 25. Factors such as the focal length and optical properties of field lens 25 affect the range and focus of the laser beam on the sheet. Furthermore, when mechanical transmission components drive the movement of laser 23 and other components, the accuracy of the mechanical transmission, such as the lead screw pitch accuracy and the sliding accuracy of the slider, also affects the horizontal scanning distance of the laser beam.

[0074] Based on the combined effect of the above optical system and mechanical transmission accuracy, there is a proportional coefficient k associated with them L , the actual length L of the laser engraved pattern on the powder sheet l Will follow L r =L l ×k L The coefficient is used to correct the preset length to reflect the actual length of the pattern engraved by laser.

[0075] For the width W of the preset pattern logo l Parameters, which are also affected by similar factors during actual laser engraving. In the width direction perpendicular to the length direction, the laser beam also needs to be changed in angle by the galvanometer 24 and focused by the field lens 25 before acting on the surface of the powder sheet.

[0076] In the optical system, the width of the laser beam's focused spot size by the field lens 25 and the control accuracy of the laser beam's scanning range by the galvanometer mirror 24 in this direction will affect the width of the final laser engraved pattern. The mechanical transmission components also play a key role in adjusting the vertical position of the laser 23 (corresponding to the width direction). For example, the positioning accuracy of the motor-driven screw and the movement of related components also plays a key role.

[0077] Combining the influence of these optical systems and mechanical transmission accuracy, we have the corresponding proportional coefficient k W , the actual width W of the laser engraved pattern on the powder sheet r According to W r =W l ×k W The relationship between the actual laser engraving pattern width and the preset width is generated to reflect the relationship between the actual laser engraving pattern width and the preset width.

[0078] The depth of the laser engraving pattern is mainly formed by the ablation effect of the laser beam generated by the laser 23 on the surface of the powder sheet. The laser power P of the laser 23 is lIt is a key factor. The greater the power, the higher the energy carried by the laser beam, and the more energy is transferred to the surface of the powder sheet per unit time. The deeper the degree of vaporization and ablation of the surface material of the powder sheet, the more conducive it is to forming a deeper laser engraving pattern.

[0079] The pulse frequency f also plays an important role, determining the number of laser pulses emitted per unit time. A higher pulse frequency means that the surface of the powder sheet is exposed to the laser more times in the same period of time, which can speed up the laser engraving process. However, it also affects the accumulation of energy on the powder sheet, which in turn affects the depth of the laser engraving.

[0080] The pulse width τ is related to the length of time each laser pulse acts on the surface of the powder sheet. A wider pulse width will make the laser act on the powder sheet surface for a longer time, and the energy will act more fully, which will help increase the depth of laser engraving, but it may also affect other effects such as the fineness of laser engraving.

[0081] Comprehensive laser power P l The key laser parameters 23, pulse frequency f and pulse width τ, interact and influence each other and jointly determine the actual depth H of the laser engraving pattern on the powder sheet. r , that is, H r It is about the laser power P l , pulse frequency f and pulse width τ, but this functional relationship is more complicated. It is determined through a large number of experimental tests, data statistical analysis and in-depth research on the physical process of laser engraving. Its specific form will vary due to different devices, powder material and other factors.

[0082] By clarifying the relationship between the actual length and width of the laser engraved pattern on the powder sheet and the preset dimensions and related proportional coefficients, it is possible to rationally design the pattern and estimate the actual size range. This can also be used to reversely infer the device accuracy for calibration and debugging. By leveraging the functional relationship between laser engraving depth and laser power, pulse frequency, and pulse width, the depth can be precisely controlled on demand to meet diverse needs, thereby improving the accuracy of laser engraving pattern size control, the degree of production standardization, and the processing quality and reliability. This solves the problems of laser engraving processes such as the difficulty in matching pattern and powder sheet size, unstable pattern dimensions between batches, and the reliance on experience and insufficient precision in depth control.

[0083] While embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations may be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, and that the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A powder sheet printing laser engraving device, comprising an operating table (1), characterized in that: The upper surface of the operating table (1) is provided with a shell (13), the interior of the shell (13) is provided with a motor three (26), the output end of the motor three (26) is fixedly provided with a pulley one (27), the interior of the pulley one (27) is connected with a belt (28), one end of the belt (28) is connected with a pulley two (29), the middle part of the pulley two (29) is fixedly provided with a rotating shaft, the bottom end of the rotating shaft is provided with a gear (30), the tooth ends of the gear (30) are symmetrically meshed A rack (31) is connected, a slide bar (32) is provided on one side of the rack (31), the outer wall of the slide bar (32) is slidably connected to the inner wall of the shell (13), a fixed rod (33) is fixedly provided at one end of the slide bar (32), a clamping block (12) is fixedly provided at the top end of the fixed rod (33), a sliding groove three is provided on the outer wall of the clamping block (12), a brush (14) is slidably connected in the sliding groove three of the clamping block (12), and the bottom end of the brush (14) is provided above the shell (13).

2. The powder sheet printing laser engraving device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper surface of the operating table (1) is provided with a slide groove (2), the interior of the operating table (1) is provided with a motor (15), and the output end of the motor (15) is fixedly provided with a threaded rod (16).

3. The powder sheet printing laser engraving device according to claim 2, characterized in that: One end of the threaded rod 2 (16) is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the operating table (1), and the outer wall of the threaded rod 2 (16) is threadedly connected to a slider 1 (17), and the outer wall of the slider 1 (17) is slidably connected to the inside of the slide groove 1 (2), and a driving mechanism is provided at the top of the slider 1 (17).

4. The powder sheet printing laser engraving device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The driving mechanism includes a column (10), the bottom end of the column (10) is arranged on the top end of a slider (17), the side wall of the column (10) is provided with a slide groove (18), the outer top wall of the column (10) is provided with a bearing block (6), and the top end of the bearing block (6) is provided with a motor (7).

5. The powder sheet printing laser engraving device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The output end of the motor 1 (7) is fixedly provided with a bevel gear 1 (8), the tooth end of the bevel gear 1 (8) is meshedly connected with a bevel gear 2 (9), the bottom end of the bevel gear 2 (9) passes through the column (10) and is fixedly provided with a threaded rod 1 (11), and the bottom end of the threaded rod 1 (11) is rotatably connected to the inner bottom end of the column (10).

6. The powder sheet printing laser engraving device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The outer wall of the threaded rod (11) is threadedly connected to an L-shaped slider (22), a slider (19) is provided on one side of the L-shaped slider (22), the outer wall of the slider (19) is slidably connected to the inside of the slide groove (18), an electric push rod (20) is fixedly provided on the side wall of the slider (19), a connecting rod (21) is fixedly provided on the output end of the electric push rod (20), a laser (23) is provided at one end of the connecting rod (21), the upper surface of the L-shaped slider (22) is slidably connected to the laser (23), a galvanometer (24) is provided at one end of the laser (23), and a field mirror (25) is provided on the lower surface of the galvanometer (24).

7. The powder sheet printing laser engraving device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lower surface of the operating table (1) is provided with a plurality of legs (3), the side walls of the legs (3) are provided with support rods (5), and the bottom ends of the legs (3) are provided with universal wheels (4).

8. A process for preparing laser engraving powder sheets for a powder sheet printing laser engraving device, used in a powder sheet printing laser engraving device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, comprising the following steps: S1. Preparation stage: Conduct a comprehensive inspection and debugging of all components of the laser engraving device, select appropriate laser engraving powder sheets and record their size parameters, including length L p , width W p , and height H p , using motor three (26) to drive the clamping block (12) to clamp the powder sheet onto the operating table (1); S2, position adjustment stage: Motor 2 (15) drives slider 1 (17) to move along slide 1 (2) to achieve preliminary positioning in the horizontal X direction, and motor 1 (7) drives the L-shaped slider to move up and down along the column (10) to achieve preliminary positioning in the vertical Z direction. The electric push rod (20) fine-tunes the position of the laser (23) in the X and Y directions so that the field mirror (25) is accurately aligned with the position on the powder sheet to be laser engraved, and the position error is controlled within ±0.05mm; S3, parameter setting and printing laser engraving operation stage: setting the power P of the laser (23) l (1-50w), pulse frequency f (10-100kHz), pulse width τ (10-100ns) parameters, enter the length L of the preset pattern logo l , width W l and depth H l Parameters, start the laser (23) to complete laser engraving on the surface of the powder sheet according to the preset pattern, clean the surface of the powder sheet with a brush (14) as needed during the laser engraving process, and control the laser engraving depth accuracy within ±0.01mm; S4, post-processing stage: After the laser engraving is completed, the device is turned off, the clamping block (12) is loosened to take out the powder sheet, the laser engraving quality of the powder sheet is checked, the device is cleaned and maintained, and restored to the initial state.

9. The process for preparing laser engraving powder sheets for a powder sheet printing laser engraving device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The moving distance X1 of the slider 1 (17) can be calculated according to the following formula: X1 = n × P; wherein n is the number of rotations of the motor 2 (15), and P is the pitch of the threaded rod 2 (16).

10. The process for preparing laser engraving powder sheets for a powder sheet printing laser engraving device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The actual length L of the laser engraved pattern on the powder sheet r =L l ×k L Width W r =W l ×k W ; Depth H r =f(P l , f, τ); where k L and k W is the proportional coefficient related to the optical system and mechanical transmission accuracy, H r It is about the laser power P l , a function of pulse frequency f and pulse width τ.

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