Photon pigment, core-shell structure color aerogel fiber and continuous preparation method

Abstract

The invention discloses a photon pigment, core-shell structure color aerogel fiber and a continuous preparation method, and relates to the technical field of aerogel fibers.The continuous preparation method of the core-shell structure color aerogel fiber comprises the following steps that S1, sodium carboxymethyl cellulose and glutaraldehyde are fully and evenly mixed in deionized water, and a core material is prepared; s2, dissolving a fiber-forming polymer in a solvent to prepare a spinning solution, adding a photon pigment, and fully and uniformly mixing to prepare a shell material; s3, injecting the core material and the shell material into a coagulating bath by a coaxial wet spinning method to obtain continuous fibers, and freezing and drying the continuous fibers to obtain the core-shell structure color aerogel fibers. The surface of the fiber is smooth and free of wrinkles after being cured, is coated with a large number of structural color microspheres, and has good strength, toughness and color fastness.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of aerogel fibers, in particular to photon pigments, core-shell structure color aerogel fibers and a continuous preparation method. Background Art

[0002] Compared with traditional fiber dyeing technology, which has problems such as design limitations and single color, structural color fibers regulate light reflection through nano-scale microstructures, completely abandon chemical dyes, and can achieve functions such as dynamic color change and intelligent response through structural design. They are promoting innovation in fields such as textiles and materials science, and have broad prospects in sustainable and high-value-added application scenarios.

[0003] Aerogel fibers, as third-generation aerogels, are characterized by their lightweight, thermal insulation, chemical stability, and processability, and are widely used in various fields. Combining structural color fibers with aerogel fibers to create structural color aerogel fibers overcomes material limitations and provides a new path for the multifunctional integration of fibers. However, structural color fibers prepared using traditional methods (such as vertical deposition and coating) are susceptible to damage from external forces, with the structural color easily fading when folded, washed, or rubbed, resulting in poor structural stability. Furthermore, the self-assembly process of microspheres is affected by various factors (such as solvent surface tension and evaporation rate), making microsphere assembly difficult to control and the process complex. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Based on the technical problems existing in the background technology, the present invention proposes photonic pigments, core-shell structural color aerogel fibers and a continuous preparation method. After curing, the fiber surface is smooth and wrinkle-free, and is coated with a large number of structural color microspheres, with good strength, toughness and color fastness.

[0005] The present invention provides a method for preparing a photonic pigment, comprising the following steps: dissolving sodium bicarbonate and polyethylpyrrolidone in deionized water, then adding a polymerizable monomer, a crosslinking agent, a composite surfactant, and an initiator to carry out a polymerization reaction, and cooling, filtering, drying, and grinding the reaction to obtain a structural color pigment;

[0006] The composite surfactant is composed of sodium lauryl sulfate and narrow molecular weight distribution polyethylene glycol methyl ether methacrylate in a mass ratio of 1:1-5;

[0007] The molecular weight of polyethylene glycol methyl ether methacrylate is 1000-9000.

[0008] Preferably, the polymerizable monomer is one or more of acrylate, styrene, methacryloyloxyethyltrimethylammonium chloride, methacryloyloxypropyltrimethylammonium chloride, styrylbenzyltrimethylammonium chloride, 3-allyl-5,5-dimethylhydantoin, acryloylguanidine, N-(3-guanidinopropyl)methacrylamide, vinylimidazole, vinylpyridinium salt, 4-vinylbenzenesulfonamide, N-isopropylacrylamide, N,N-diethylacrylamide, methacrylic acid, acrylic acid, dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate, 4-vinylazobenzene and mercaptoethylamine acrylamide;

[0009] The crosslinking agent is one or more of divinylbenzene, ethylene glycol dimethacrylate, polyethylene glycol dimethacrylate and trimethylolpropane trimethacrylate;

[0010] The initiator is potassium persulfate or ammonium persulfate.

[0011] Preferably, the mass ratio of the polymerizable monomer, the crosslinking agent, the complex surfactant and the initiator is 100:5-30:0.5-5:0.1-1;

[0012] The polymerization reaction temperature is 70-90°C and the time is 2-8h.

[0013] The photonic pigment proposed by the present invention is prepared by adopting the above-mentioned preparation method.

[0014] The present invention proposes a continuous preparation method for core-shell structure color aerogel fibers, and the method steps are as follows:

[0015] S1: Thoroughly mix sodium carboxymethyl cellulose and glutaraldehyde in deionized water to prepare the core material;

[0016] S2: dissolving the fiber-forming polymer in a solvent to prepare a spinning solution, and then adding the above-mentioned photonic pigment and mixing thoroughly to prepare the shell material;

[0017] S3: The core material and shell material are injected into a coagulation bath by a coaxial wet spinning method to obtain continuous fibers, which are then frozen and dried to obtain core-shell structural color aerogel fibers.

[0018] Preferably, the mass volume ratio of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, glutaraldehyde and deionized water is 1g:0.5-1.5g:100ml.

[0019] Preferably, the fiber-forming polymer is one or more of polyurethane, polyvinyl alcohol, cellulose, polyacrylonitrile, polyvinyl chloride, poly(m-phenylene isophthalamide) and sodium alginate;

[0020] The solvent is one or more of N,N-dimethylformamide and its aqueous solution, dimethyl sulfoxide and its aqueous solution, sodium hydroxide aqueous solution, dimethylacetamide and its aqueous solution, N-methylpyrrolidone aqueous solution, sodium thiocyanate aqueous solution, tetrahydrofuran, cyclohexanone, a mixed solvent of dimethylacetamide and lithium chloride, and water.

[0021] Preferably, the mass ratio of the fiber-forming polymer to the structural color pigment is 1:0.1-0.8.

[0022] Preferably, the flow rate ratio of the core material and the shell material is 2:1-2;

[0023] The coagulation bath is one or more of water, anhydrous ethanol or concentrated aqueous solution of sodium sulfate or ammonium sulfate, mixed aqueous solution of sodium sulfate and zinc sulfate, N,N-dimethylformamide and its aqueous solution, dimethylacetamide and its aqueous solution, and calcium chloride aqueous solution.

[0024] The core-shell structured colored aerogel fiber proposed by the present invention is prepared by adopting the above-mentioned continuous preparation method.

[0025] Beneficial technical effects of the present invention:

[0026] (1) The core-shell structured aerogel fiber prepared by the present invention has a distinct core-shell structure, and the cross-linking density of the core material is 0.40-0.50 g / cm 3 The porosity is between 90-95%; the fiber surface is smooth and wrinkle-free after curing, and is coated with a large amount of photon pigments. Photon pigments with different particle sizes (243, 338 and 402 nm) are used to prepare core-shell structural aerogel fibers in three colors: blue, purple and green.

[0027] (2) Based on the cross-linked structure of glutaraldehyde (GA) and sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC), the breaking strength and breaking elongation of the core-shell structural color aerogel fiber of the present invention are 4.1 MPa and 550%, respectively, which are significantly improved compared with the structural color fiber (0.89 MPa, 330%). The core-shell structural color aerogel fiber has good strength and toughness; at the same time, the core-shell structural color aerogel fiber has excellent weavability and color fastness (grade 5). BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] Figure 1 This is a flow chart of the coaxial wet spinning process for preparing core-shell structured color aerogel fibers proposed in the present invention;

[0029] Figure 2 The infrared spectra of the TPU fiber prepared in Comparative Example 1 and the core-shell structure color aerogel fiber prepared in Example 1 proposed by the present invention;

[0030] Figure 3These are SEM images proposed by the present invention, where (a) is the SEM image of the fiber prepared in Comparative Example 1 at different sizes, and (b) is the SEM image of the core-shell structure color aerogel fiber prepared in Example 1 at different sizes;

[0031] Figure 4 Cross-sectional SEM images of the core-shell structured color aerogel fibers prepared in Example 1 of the present invention at different sizes;

[0032] Figure 5 Surface SEM images of the core-shell structured color aerogel fibers at different sizes prepared in Example 1 of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 6 This is a photo of the core-shell structured color aerogel fiber prepared in Examples 1-3 of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 7 Figures 1 and 2 show the mechanical properties of the present invention, where (a) shows the stress-strain curves of the core-shell structural color aerogel fiber prepared in Example 1 and the structural color fiber prepared in Comparative Example 2; (b) shows the maximum breaking stress and breaking rate of the core-shell structural color aerogel fiber prepared in Example 1 and the structural color fiber prepared in Comparative Example 2.

[0035] Figure 8 The fabric is woven from the core-shell structured color aerogel fibers prepared in Example 3 according to the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] The present invention will be further explained below with reference to specific embodiments.

[0037] Glutaraldehyde (GA, 50%) in the examples of the present invention was purchased from Aladdin Reagent (Shanghai) Co., Ltd.; polyurethane elastomer (TPU, thermoplastic) was purchased from Shanghai Huntsman Polyurethane Special Materials Co., Ltd.; sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC, 300-800 mPa.s) was purchased from Aladdin Reagent (Shanghai) Co., Ltd.; N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF, AR) was purchased from Aladdin Reagent (Shanghai) Co., Ltd.

[0038] The polyethylene glycol methyl ether methacrylate (PEGMA) with narrow molecular weight distribution of the present invention is prepared by an existing method, and the molecular weight of PEGMA is 1000-9000.

[0039] Example 1

[0040] Weigh 9 g of CMC and slowly add it to 100 mL of deionized water, stir thoroughly and disperse evenly; add 9 g of GA to the mixed solution, stir thoroughly to form a uniform solution, and let it stand for 24 h to prepare the core material solution.

[0041] Polyurethane elastomer (TPU) and N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF) were mixed in a mass ratio of 1:5, heated to 50°C in a water bath, and stirred until the TPU was completely dissolved to form a uniform solution. Photonic pigment was added to the solution in a mass ratio of polyurethane elastomer (TPU) to photonic pigment of 2:1, and stirred continuously to form a uniform solution, which was used as the shell material solution.

[0042] The shell material solution and the core material solution were respectively loaded into two 20 mL syringes. A dual-channel propulsion pump, a coaxial needle, a deionized water coagulation bath, an iron stand, and a winding device were used to sequentially assemble the above devices into a coaxial wet spinning device. The coaxial needle was fixed with the iron stand and immersed 1 cm in the coagulation bath (deionized water). The injection speed of the shell material solution was 15 mL / h, and the injection speed of the core material solution was 20 mL / h to obtain continuous fibers. The preparation process is as follows: Figure 1 The fiber prepared above was placed in a refrigerator (-4 ℃) and frozen for 24 hours, and then the sample was placed in a freeze dryer and dried for 48 hours, finally obtaining a core-shell structure color aerogel fiber sample, which was recorded as A1.

[0043] The photonic pigment was prepared as follows: 0.015 g of polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) and 0.25 g of NaHCO₃ were weighed and completely dissolved in 250 g of deionized water as the reaction base solution. The mixture was transferred to a 500 mL four-necked flask under nitrogen under constant stirring and heated to 75°C. Subsequently, a pre-emulsion containing 50 g of styrene (St), 10 g of divinylbenzene (DVB), 15 g of glycidyl methacrylate (GMA), 100 g of deionized water, 0.15 g of sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS), and 0.32 g of narrow molecular weight distribution polyethylene glycol methyl ether methacrylate (PEGMA, molecular weight 5100) was added dropwise to the flask. An initiator (0.25 g of KPS and 15 g of deionized water) was then slowly added dropwise to initiate the polymerization reaction. The reaction was continued for 5 h, cooled to room temperature, and impurities were filtered out to obtain P(St-DVB-GMA) structural color emulsion. The particle size of the microspheres of the structural color emulsion was 243 nm as measured by a Zetasizer Nano S Malvern particle size tester. The emulsion was dried and ground to obtain a redispersible photonic pigment.

[0044] Because narrow molecular weight distribution polyethylene glycol methyl ether methacrylate (PEGMA) contains double bonds, it can participate in polymerization reactions and be covalently grafted onto the surface of structural color particles as a molecular brush, preventing emulsifier desorption during drying. Due to the "anchoring" of the surfactant, the emulsion does not fall off during redispersion, significantly improving stability. As a result, the structural color emulsion prepared by the method of the present invention does not experience demulsification when preparing photonic pigments. In the inventor's prior patent application, publication number CN119932936A, the emulsifier is a composite small molecule surfactant. Before drying, the emulsifier adsorbs on the surface of the structural color particles. During drying, water evaporation causes the emulsifier to desorb from the particle surface and agglomerate. During redispersion, even if additional emulsifier is added, it is difficult to completely cover the agglomerated particle surface, which is prone to demulsification, stratification, or flocculation, and the photonic pigment cannot be obtained.

[0045] Example 2

[0046] The photonic pigment was prepared as follows: 0.015 g of PVP and 0.25 g of NaHCO₃ were weighed and completely dissolved in 250 g of deionized water as the reaction base solution. The mixture was transferred to a 500 mL four-necked flask under nitrogen under constant stirring and heated to 75°C. Subsequently, a pre-emulsion containing 50 g of St, 10 g of DVB, 15 g of GMA, and 100 g of deionized water, along with 0.082 g of sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) and 0.346 g of narrow molecular weight distribution polyethylene glycol methyl ether methacrylate (PEGMA, molecular weight 6200) was added dropwise to the flask. An initiator (0.25 g of KPS and 15 g of deionized water) was then slowly added dropwise to initiate polymerization. The reaction was continued for 5 h, cooled to room temperature, and impurities were filtered out to obtain P(St-DVB-GMA) structural color emulsion. The particle size of the microspheres of the structural color emulsion was 338 nm as measured by a Zetasizer Nano S Malvern particle size analyzer. The emulsion was dried and ground to obtain a photonic pigment.

[0047] The remaining conditions were the same as those in Example 1, and the prepared core-shell structural color aerogel fiber sample was recorded as A2.

[0048] Example 3

[0049] The photonic pigment was prepared as follows: 0.015 g of PVP and 0.25 g of NaHCO₃ were weighed and completely dissolved in 250 g of deionized water as the reaction base solution. The mixture was transferred to a 500 mL four-necked flask under nitrogen under constant stirring and heated to 75°C. Subsequently, a pre-emulsion containing 50 g of St, 10 g of DVB, 15 g of GMA, and 100 g of deionized water, along with 0.078 g of sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) and 0.322 g of narrow molecular weight distribution polyethylene glycol methyl ether methacrylate (PEGMA, molecular weight 8300) was added dropwise to the flask. An initiator (0.25 g of KPS and 15 g of deionized water) was then slowly added dropwise to initiate polymerization. The reaction was continued for 5 h, cooled to room temperature, and impurities were filtered out to obtain P(St-DVB-GMA) structural color emulsion. The particle size of the microspheres of the structural color emulsion was determined to be 402 nm using a Zetasizer Nano S Malvern particle size analyzer. The emulsion was dried and ground to obtain a photonic pigment.

[0050] The remaining conditions were the same as those in Example 1, and the prepared core-shell structural color aerogel fiber sample was recorded as A3.

[0051] Example 4

[0052] TPU and DMF were mixed in a mass ratio of 1:3, and the other conditions were the same as in Example 1. The prepared core-shell structural color aerogel fiber sample was recorded as A4.

[0053] Example 5

[0054] TPU and DMF were mixed in a mass ratio of 1:4, and the other conditions were the same as those in Example 1. The prepared core-shell structural color aerogel fiber sample was recorded as A5.

[0055] Example 6

[0056] TPU and DMF were mixed in a mass ratio of 1:6, and the other conditions were the same as in Example 1. The prepared core-shell structural color aerogel fiber sample was recorded as A6.

[0057] Comparative Example 1

[0058] Weigh 9 g of CMC and slowly add it to 100 mL of deionized water, stir thoroughly and disperse evenly; add 9 g of GA to the mixed solution, stir thoroughly to form a uniform solution, let it stand for 24 h, and then use it.

[0059] The above solution was injected into a coagulation bath (deionized water) at a uniaxial wet spinning rate of 20 mL / h to produce continuous fibers. The resulting fibers were frozen in a refrigerator (-4°C) for 24 h and then dried in a freeze dryer for 48 h to obtain polyurethane (TPU) fibers, designated A7.

[0060] Comparative Example 2

[0061] Mix polyurethane elastomer (TPU) and N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF) in a mass ratio of 1:5, heat in a water bath to 50°C, and stir until the TPU is completely dissolved to form a uniform solution. Add photonic pigment to the solution in a mass ratio of polyurethane elastomer (TPU) to photonic pigment of 2:1, continue stirring until a uniform solution is formed, and set aside.

[0062] The solution was injected into a coagulation bath (deionized water) at a uniaxial wet spinning rate of 15 mL / h to produce continuous fibers. The resulting fibers were frozen in a refrigerator (-4°C) for 24 hours and then dried in a freeze dryer for 48 hours, resulting in a structural color fiber designated A8.

[0063] Table 1 shows the appearance results of the core-shell structural color aerogel fibers prepared in Example 1 and Examples 4-6. With the increase of the amount of DMF, the surface color of the core-shell structural color aerogel fibers gradually becomes brighter, among which the surface colors of A1 and A6 are relatively bright. However, when the mass ratio of TPU and DMF is greater than 1:5, the mechanical properties of the core-shell structural color aerogel fibers will decrease.

[0064] Table 1 Appearance results of core-shell structural color aerogel fibers

[0065] Figure 2 The infrared curves of A1 and A7 are shown at 3437 cm -1 and 2927 cm -1 The characteristic peak at 1638 cm is the absorption peak generated by the hydrogen bond between the NH bond of the urethane in the polyurethane and the C=O in the DMF. The intensity is reduced due to the reduction of the number of hydroxyl groups. -1 The characteristic peak at 1530 cm is caused by the stretching vibration of the C=C bond; -1 The peak at 905 cm is the absorption vibration peak of the benzene ring skeleton. -1 and 700 cm -1 These are all absorption peaks produced by benzene ring substitution, among which 1116 cm -1 It is the stretching vibration absorption peak caused by the formation of new COC bonds during the cross-linking reaction between sodium carboxymethyl cellulose and glutaraldehyde. Figure 2From the curve b, we can see that the polyurethane fiber has a -1 The characteristic peak at 2730 cm is caused by the stretching vibration of the NH bond. -1 The characteristic peak at 1596 cm is caused by the stretching vibration of the CH bond in the aldehyde group (-CHO), which can be used as the basis for the existence of the aldehyde group; -1 The 1350 cm-1 band is caused by the coupling of the bending vibration of the NH bond and the stretching vibration of the CN bond in the polyurethane; -1 The peak at 765 cm is caused by the stretching vibration of the CN bond in carbamate. -1 The peak at is the vibration absorption peak produced by the benzene ring in the polyurethane, indicating that GA and CMC are cross-linked in the core-shell structure aerogel fibers.

[0066] Figure 3 The surface micromorphology of A1 and A7. Figure 3 As can be seen from part (a), the surface of TPU fiber is uneven and has a lot of wrinkles. Figure 3 As can be seen from part (b), the surface of the core-shell aerogel fibers is relatively smooth and wrinkle-free. This is primarily due to the fact that TPU, a hydrophobic polymer, diffuses rapidly in the coagulation bath (deionized water) with the solvent (DMF), resulting in rapid solidification of the fiber surface. The internal solvent has not yet been completely expelled, forming significant internal stress. When this internal stress is released, the TPU fiber surface tends to shrink unevenly, forming a concave, convex, and wrinkled structure. The crosslinked structure of GA and CMC in the core-shell aerogel fibers enhances the fiber's strength and inhibits shrinkage and deformation. Furthermore, the structural color powder in the shell layer likely fills the gaps between TPU molecules, reducing surface defects. These two factors work together to create a smoother surface for the core-shell aerogel fibers.

[0067] Figure 4 This is an SEM image of the cross section of A1. After freezing at -62°C, the porous structure of the aerogel fibers becomes disordered. This is because at the low freezing temperature, a large number of crystallization nuclei and ice crystals appear almost simultaneously, but the growth of the ice crystals is limited, resulting in the disordered structure of the structural color aerogel fibers.

[0068] Figure 5 This is an SEM image of the A1 surface. After freeze-drying and forming the fiber, a uniform and continuous structural color film forms on its surface. This is due to the accumulation of numerous structural color microspheres, forming a short-range ordered amorphous photonic crystal structure. This structured color film is then dispersed across the fiber surface, forming a structural color film upon solidification. Further observation of the microspheres reveals a nearly spherical appearance and relatively uniform size, indicating that the P(St-DVB-GMA) structural color microspheres were virtually unaffected by the solution during the self-assembly process, maintaining their sphericity.

[0069] Table 2 shows the density and porosity of the core-shell structure color aerogel fibers prepared in Examples 1-3. The density and porosity of the three different colors of core-shell structure color aerogel fibers are slightly different. The density of the core-shell structure color aerogel fibers is between 0.40 and 0.55 g / cm 3 The porosity is between 90-95%.

[0070] Table 2 Density and porosity of core-shell structural color aerogel fibers

[0071] Figure 6 Photos of the core-shell structural color aerogel fibers prepared in Examples 1-3. After freeze-drying, the fibers developed a smooth, uniform structural color on their smooth surfaces. Using P(St-DVB-GMA) structural color microspheres of different particle sizes (243, 338, and 402 nm), core-shell structural color aerogel fibers were prepared in three different colors: blue, purple, and green.

[0072] Figure 7 The mechanical properties of A1 and A8 are shown below. Under the same strain, the core-shell structural color aerogel fiber exhibited a breaking strength of 4.1 MPa and an elongation of 550%, while the structural color fiber exhibited a breaking strength of 0.89 MPa and an elongation of 330%. The cross-linked structure of the core material enhances the mechanical properties of the fiber. Furthermore, within a certain strain range, the greater the slope of the curve, the greater the stiffness of the material. Figure 7 The slope of curve a in part (a) is greater than that of curve b, indicating that the core-shell structural color aerogel fiber (A1) has higher toughness than the structural color fiber (A8). The results show that the three-dimensional cross-linked network structure formed by the core material increases the strength and toughness of the core-shell structural color aerogel fiber.

[0073] Figure 8 The fabric, woven with A3, features a soft green structural color on the surface. Because the TPU film completely encapsulates the structural color microspheres, the P(St-DVB-GMA) structural color microspheres resist detachment during the weaving process. The results demonstrate the excellent weavability of the core-shell structural color aerogel fiber. Furthermore, the fabric's color fastness has been tested to achieve level 5.

[0074] Although the embodiments of the present application have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present application. The scope of the present application is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents, and all shall be included in the scope of protection of the present application.

Claims

1. A method for preparing a photonic pigment, characterized in that: The method comprises the following steps: dissolving sodium bicarbonate and polyethylpyrrolidone in deionized water, then adding a polymerizable monomer, a crosslinking agent, a complex surfactant and an initiator to carry out a polymerization reaction, and cooling, filtering, drying and grinding after the reaction to obtain a structural color pigment; The composite surfactant is composed of sodium lauryl sulfate and narrow molecular weight distribution polyethylene glycol methyl ether methacrylate in a mass ratio of 1:1-5; The molecular weight of polyethylene glycol methyl ether methacrylate is 1000-9000; Photonic pigments can be used as shell materials to prepare core-shell structural color aerogel fibers through coaxial wet spinning method.

2. The method for preparing the photonic pigment according to claim 1, wherein: The polymerizable monomer is one or more of acrylate, glycidyl methacrylate, styrene, methacryloyloxyethyltrimethylammonium chloride, methacryloyloxypropyltrimethylammonium chloride, styrylbenzyltrimethylammonium chloride, 3-allyl-5,5-dimethylhydantoin, acryloylguanidine, N-(3-guanidinopropyl)methacrylamide, vinylimidazole, vinylpyridinium salt, 4-vinylbenzenesulfonamide, N-isopropylacrylamide, N,N-diethylacrylamide, methacrylic acid, acrylic acid, dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate, 4-vinylazobenzene and mercaptoethylamine acrylamide; The crosslinking agent is one or more of divinylbenzene, ethylene glycol dimethacrylate, polyethylene glycol dimethacrylate and trimethylolpropane trimethacrylate; The initiator is potassium persulfate or ammonium persulfate.

3. The method for preparing the photonic pigment according to claim 1, wherein: The mass ratio of the polymerizable monomer, the crosslinking agent, the complex surfactant and the initiator is 100:5-30:0.5-5:0.1-1; The polymerization reaction temperature is 70-90°C and the time is 2-8h.

4. A photonic pigment, characterized in that The method is prepared according to any one of claims 1 to 3.

5. A continuous preparation method of core-shell structure color aerogel fiber, characterized in that: The steps are as follows: S1: Thoroughly mix sodium carboxymethyl cellulose and glutaraldehyde in deionized water to prepare the core material; S2: dissolving the fiber-forming polymer in a solvent to prepare a spinning solution, and then adding the photonic pigment according to claim 4 and mixing thoroughly to prepare a shell material; S3: The core material and shell material are injected into a coagulation bath by a coaxial wet spinning method to obtain continuous fibers, which are then frozen and dried to obtain core-shell structural color aerogel fibers.

6. The continuous preparation method of core-shell structure color aerogel fiber according to claim 5, characterized in that: The mass volume ratio of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, glutaraldehyde and deionized water is 1g:0.5-1.5g:100ml.

7. The continuous preparation method of core-shell structure color aerogel fiber according to claim 5, characterized in that: The fiber-forming polymer is one or more of polyurethane, polyvinyl alcohol, cellulose, polyacrylonitrile, polyvinyl chloride, poly(m-phenylene isophthalamide) and sodium alginate; The solvent is one or more of N,N-dimethylformamide and its aqueous solution, dimethyl sulfoxide and its aqueous solution, sodium hydroxide aqueous solution, dimethylacetamide and its aqueous solution, N-methylpyrrolidone aqueous solution, sodium thiocyanate aqueous solution, tetrahydrofuran, cyclohexanone, a mixed solvent of dimethylacetamide and lithium chloride, and water.

8. The continuous preparation method of core-shell structure color aerogel fiber according to claim 5, characterized in that: The mass ratio of the fiber-forming polymer to the structural color pigment is 1:0.1-0.

8.

9. The continuous preparation method of core-shell structure color aerogel fiber according to claim 5, characterized in that: The flow rate ratio of the core material and the shell material injection is 2:1-2; The coagulation bath is one or more of water, anhydrous ethanol or concentrated aqueous solution of sodium sulfate or ammonium sulfate, mixed aqueous solution of sodium sulfate and zinc sulfate, N,N-dimethylformamide and its aqueous solution, dimethylacetamide and its aqueous solution, and calcium chloride aqueous solution.

10. A core-shell structured color aerogel fiber, characterized in that: The continuous preparation method according to any one of claims 5 to 9 is used to prepare the product.

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