Automatic wind and sand blowing-away device applied beside rail and mounting method of automatic wind and sand blowing-away device

Abstract

The invention discloses an automatic wind and sand blowing-away device applied beside a rail and an installation method of the automatic wind and sand blowing-away device, and aims to effectively solve the problem that wind and sand block and erode the rail and a sleeper. The device comprises a shutter, a spring, a stainless steel tube, a rubber fan blade, a stainless steel plate and a rotary damper. The shutter at the wind gathering port is provided with a rotary damper, so that wind speed can be screened, and wind power can be automatically adjusted according to the wind speed. The wind collecting funnel further accelerates the wind speed and improves the wind sand blowing efficiency. And the rubber fan blades installed at the air outlet further diffuse the air flow through the swing action of the spring, the diffusion effect of the wind speed is enhanced, and the wind power coverage range is effectively widened. The device is simple in structure, environmentally friendly, convenient to install, high in durability and capable of effectively preventing sand wind from being accumulated on the rail and ensuring safe and stable railway transportation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of railways, and in particular to an automatic sand blowing device for solving the problem of sand accumulation on railway tracks and in their surroundings, and an installation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Railways in windy areas of the Gobi Desert, on the edge of deserts, and in sandy areas face serious problems with wind and sand erosion. Wind and sand not only accumulate on railway tracks and roadbeds, but can also damage railway facilities, affecting the operating performance of locomotives and vehicles, and the normal operation of communication and signal systems. Traditional sand control methods mostly rely on manual cleaning or fixed windbreaks, but these methods are often inefficient and not suitable for dynamic environments. Existing wind and sand removal technologies, such as biological sand control and engineering sand control, are difficult to effectively ensure the safe operation of tracks and equipment. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a device that can automatically, quickly, and efficiently remove sand accumulation in the track area to reduce the impact of wind and sand on the railway system and ensure the safety and efficiency of railway operations.

[0003] Under low wind speed conditions, wind power can usually only transport sand particles of smaller size, and the transport distance is limited. When the wind speed weakens or the wind direction changes, these sand particles will settle in the gaps between the tracks and in the areas between the rails and sleepers, forming a fine sand layer. Although the sand accumulation height is relatively low, its long-term accumulation may have an adverse effect on the stability of the track structure. In contrast, under higher wind speed conditions, wind power can blow away the deposited sand particles and transport them to more distant areas, thereby avoiding the long-term accumulation of sand particles on the tracks and reducing the negative impact on the track system. In addition, when the wind speed is too low, the wind force is not strong enough to drive the movement of sand particles, and the wind and sand activity almost stops, and the impact on the tracks is negligible. Therefore, wind-blown sand can only form accumulations on the tracks within a specific wind speed range, while strong winds can effectively remove deposited sand particles and prevent the occurrence of track burial.

[0004] The present invention aims to provide a sand-blowing device and its installation method for preventing wind-blown sand accumulation on railway tracks. This device, similar to a large wind-driven device, collects wind and generates a powerful airflow through the device system to effectively disperse sand accumulated in the gaps between the tracks and between the rails and sleepers. This device can quickly reduce the erosive effects of windblown sand on the track system, thereby ensuring the safety and stability of railway transportation. Furthermore, the present invention ensures the efficient operation of the sand-blowing device through a rational installation method and provides a certain degree of adaptive adjustment to adapt to the needs of different wind-blown sand environments. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the problem of railroad tracks being buried by windblown sand in sandy areas, this invention designs an automatic sand-blowing device for use alongside railway tracks. This device effectively and automatically disperses sand from the surface of the tracks, preventing sand accumulation from threatening track safety and ensuring the safety and stability of railway transportation. It is environmentally friendly, low-cost, and easy to manufacture and install.

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0007] An installation device for an automatic sand blowing device beside a railway track, characterized by:

[0008] The air collecting body is used to construct a funnel-shaped air collecting port and an air outlet; the air outlet is provided with a fan blade;

[0009] A rotary damper is installed on the rotating shaft of the shutter at the air gathering port.

[0010] The air collector is fixed to the limit rod at the bottom; the top of the tube is connected to the limit rod and the bottom passes through the bearing;

[0011] Insert the tube and bearing into the base and then fix them to the base with bolts.

[0012] Furthermore, a spring is installed on the rotation axis of the radiator blade.

[0013] Furthermore, the damper adopts a bidirectional disc rotary damper.

[0014] Furthermore, there are six dampers on the three rotation axes of the shutters at the air gathering port.

[0015] Furthermore, the limiting rod passes through the limiting hole of the bearing seat.

[0016] The shutters control the airflow at the air inlet, ensuring that wind enters perpendicular to the track during the sand dispersal process. Once the sand is dispersed, the reverse flow is prevented. The damper adjusts the opening and closing speed of the shutters to control the amount of air entering. The springs enable the self-resetting rotation of the air outlet blades. The blades can swing between 15° and 45°. The damping force is controlled between 0.5N and 2N. The wind and sand blowing range covers a width of less than 3 meters.

[0017] The advantages of the present invention are as follows: 1) Green and Environmentally Friendly: This technology fully utilizes natural wind power to disperse sandstorms, eliminating the need for external energy or power, resulting in significant green, low-carbon, and environmentally friendly features. Compared to traditional sandstorm control devices that rely on mechanical or electrical power, this system not only efficiently utilizes natural wind energy, reducing energy consumption, but also effectively reduces carbon emissions, meeting the green power requirements of sustainable development. This approach avoids reliance on traditional energy sources, reduces operational complexity, and has no negative impact on the environment. While effectively controlling sandstorms, this technology promotes ecological restoration and environmental protection, offering broad application prospects and environmental advantages. 2) Convenient and Efficient: The simple structure and easy installation reduce labor costs and installation time, and do not require complex technical support. This not only effectively reduces labor costs, but also reduces dependence on professional technicians. 3) Strong durability: Made of high-strength and high-toughness materials, it can resist wind and sand erosion and has a long service life. 4) Low cost: Using common materials in the market, the production cost is low and it has a high cost performance. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 Equipment installation location diagram; Figure 2 It is a side view of the device; Figure 3 This is the rear view of the device; Figure 4 . Schematic diagram of the entire device Figure 5 . Schematic diagram of the rear fan blades Figure 6. Schematic diagram of the device body Figure 7 . Schematic diagram of the oscillating fan blades Figure 8 . Schematic diagram of the damper Figure 9 . Schematic diagram of the connection between the bearing and the rod Figure 10 .Bearing diagram The figure shows: rotary damper 1, shutter 2, air collector 3, spring 4, fan blade 5, limit rod 6, bearing seat 7, tube 8, bearing 9, nut 10, base 11. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] The technical solution of the present invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, but is not limited thereto. Any modification or equivalent replacement of the technical solution of the present invention that does not depart from the spirit and scope of the technical solution of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention. like Figure 1, Figure 2 , Figure 3As shown, the automatic wind-sand blowing device for use beside a railway track of the present invention comprises: a shutter, a bidirectional disc rotary damper, a torsion spring, a tube, a polycarbonate plastic fan blade, a wind collector, a roller bearing, a bearing limiter, and a bearing seat.

[0020] The invention discloses an installation device for an automatic wind-blown sand dispersing device for use beside a railway track, comprising: a shutter, a bidirectional disc rotary damper, a carbon torsion spring, a tube, a polycarbonate plastic fan blade, a wind collector, a limit rod, a bearing seat, a nut, a roller bearing, and a base. Louvers control the airflow at the air inlet, ensuring that wind perpendicular to the track can enter the device smoothly during the sand dispersal process. Once the sand is dispersed, the wind is prevented from entering the device in the opposite direction, ensuring the system's sand dispersal efficiency. The louvers automatically open and close to adjust the direction and speed of the airflow, optimizing the sand dispersal effect. The two-way disc dampers utilize the common two-way rotating disc dampers on the market. Six dampers are located on the three rotating axes of the louvers at the air collection port. The dampers primarily regulate the opening and closing speed of the louvers, controlling the amount of air entering. By adjusting the rotating dampers, wind speed can be effectively controlled, preventing low-speed wind from entering and preventing the dispersal of dust, thereby optimizing the device's operating efficiency. The carbon torsion spring is installed at the upper end rotation axis of the air outlet fan blade, and the starting and ending ends of the torsion spring are fixed in the rotation groove button groove and the rotation shaft button groove respectively, so as to realize the self-resetting rotation of the air outlet fan blade. As the wind force changes, the fan blades will swing accordingly. The deformation of the torsion spring generates torque, and the torsion spring limits the rotation amplitude of the fan blade, thereby controlling the rotation range of the fan blade and preventing it from swinging excessively. This self-resetting function allows the fan blades to swing periodically to adapt to different wind force changes. This design can effectively promote the diffusion of wind and sand, ensure that the wind force is evenly distributed at the air outlet, thereby maximizing the effect of blowing away the wind and sand, and thus improving the blowing efficiency of the device. The tube is connected to the main body at the top and passes through the bearing at the bottom. Polycarbonate plastic blades are lightweight and strong, allowing them to swing naturally in the wind to disperse sand and airflow. They effectively reduce the noise generated by collisions during sand dispersal, improving the device's environmental friendliness and applicability. The wind collector is composed of a funnel-shaped air collection port at the rear end and a rectangular air outlet at the front end. The funnel-shaped air collection port accelerates the incoming airflow, effectively improving the efficiency of sand dispersal. The rectangular design of the air outlet helps evenly distribute the wind force, further enhancing the sand blowing effect. The limit rod is welded to the rod and passes through the limit hole in the bearing seat, effectively limiting the upper structure's swing angle and maintaining an optimal swing range during operation, further enhancing the wind and sand dispersal effect. The device's steerable angle, or the limit rod's rotatable angle, is determined based on the spacing of the devices and the area each device should radiate. The bearing seat is welded to the rod by submerged arc automatic welding to facilitate the fixing of the roller shaft. The nut is located under the bearing and is used to axially fix the inner ring of the bearing. The roller bearing is located between the upper structure and the base. Its rotation enables the upper structure to rotate under the force of the wind. The roller bearing effectively reduces friction between the upper and lower structures, thus enabling the upper body to rotate efficiently. The base is made of high-strength cast iron or aluminum alloy, which can effectively support the upper structure and maintain its stability, and ensure the normal operation of the device under wind force.

[0021] A bidirectional rotating disc damper is installed at the air collection point. The appropriate damping value is determined based on on-site wind speed and sand particle size research, ensuring that the blinds' blades can only be opened at higher wind speeds. Low-speed winds cannot overcome the damper and thus prevent the blades from entering the device. This effectively prevents sand from entering the system at low wind speeds, ensuring that the device operates normally only under effective wind conditions.

[0022] Insert the rotating shaft of the fan blades 5 through the pre-set hole and precisely align it with the rotating shaft slot at the top of the air outlet. A spring 4 is placed in the slot, and its elastic force is adjusted to ensure that the fan blades 5 can rotate flexibly under the influence of wind and provide a certain degree of reverse protection. During the assembly process, the fan blades 5 at the air outlet are firmly inserted into the rotating shaft through a mortise and tenon joint, ensuring that the blades can rotate freely and adjust their angle under the influence of wind, ensuring that the wind and sand are effectively blown away.

[0023] Secure the funnel-shaped air collector to the rod using submerged arc welding. Next, install the roller bearing underneath. Then, install the nut through the designated hole underneath the roller bearing to secure it firmly and prevent any loosening. Finally, securely place the entire assembly into the base, ensuring it provides sufficient support strength to ensure the entire device can operate stably and withstand external impacts during use.

[0024] A method for installing the automatic sand blowing device for use beside a railway track comprises the following steps: 1) Using an excavator, accurately install the base at the designated location next to the railroad track according to the set position and depth. 2) The rear funnel-shaped air collection port is constructed using a wind collector to ensure structural strength and corrosion resistance. Due to the thickness of the air collection port, the joints are connected using submerged arc welding. Subsequently, the front cavity air outlet is fabricated and similarly welded to ensure a secure connection and smooth airflow. Finally, the front outlet and the rear funnel-shaped air collection port are secured together using welding to form the complete funnel-shaped sand dispersing device. 3) A precise circular hole is drilled at the front air outlet, with the diameter optimized to accommodate the torsion spring above the fan's rotating shaft. This hole is used to accommodate the spring above the fan's rotating shaft and ensures that the spring's installation and operation are not disturbed by external factors. 4) Install the rotating shaft of the polycarbonate plastic fan blade at the air outlet to ensure it can rotate smoothly and stably. Then, assemble the polycarbonate plastic fan blade onto the rotating shaft. 5) Securely screw the rotary damper to the air vent to ensure stability and shock resistance. The shutter's rotation axis passes through the center of the two-way disc rotary damper. Adjust the torque of the two-way disc rotary damper's nut to control the shutter's rotation angle and speed. 6) Install the bearing housing and roller bearings sequentially between the superstructure and base to achieve stable transmission performance. Secure the inner ring with a nut from below to prevent the bearing from sliding up and down during use. The precise positioning of the roller bearings ensures smooth and stable rotation of the steel pipe and effectively prevents external forces from interfering with or affecting its rotation, ensuring efficient and stable operation of the entire device. 7) The limiting rod is welded to the rotating shaft by submerged arc automatic welding and is limited in the notch.

[0025] The superstructure and roller bearings are precisely threaded into the base, then secured to the base with bolts on the bearing housing, ensuring a secure and stable connection. This connection ensures a tight fit between the superstructure and base, preventing loosening or shifting during use, effectively improving the structural strength and durability of the entire device. The usage scenario is as follows: 1) In railway areas subject to severe sandstorms, sand dispersal devices should be installed in open areas with high sandstorm impacts. The typical installation method involves digging a hole in the ground and inserting a cone-shaped base. The base can be reinforced with sand-blocking materials. If the soil is soft, concrete pillars can be used as the foundation, with a reinforced steel frame and high-strength concrete providing stable support. Concrete pillars effectively resist wind and sand erosion, ensuring stable operation of the device. Regular inspection and maintenance, including clearing accumulated sand and applying protective coatings, ensure long-term reliability of the device. 2) The device's air inlet and outlet are designed to be perpendicular to the track's direction, effectively guiding the path of wind and sand. The air inlet collects surrounding wind resources through the wind concentrator 3, while the air outlet utilizes the adaptive adjustment function of the fan blades 5 to disperse the wind and sand away from the tracks. The directional layout of the air inlet and outlet ensures that wind and sand are quickly concentrated and discharged, preventing accumulation around the tracks and ensuring a clean and clear view of the tracks and surrounding facilities. 3) By adjusting the damper, the device is prevented from activating in low wind speeds, thus avoiding unnecessary energy waste and equipment wear, and preventing low winds from carrying sand through the device and re-depositing it on the track. The damper design also ensures that the sand dispersal device will only operate effectively when wind speeds reach a certain level. This design significantly increases the system's service life and reduces maintenance costs over time. 4) After installing the automatic sand dispersal system near the railroad tracks, regular maintenance and inspections are essential, especially during periods of heavy sandstorms or after severe weather. Because all components (such as the polycarbonate plastic blades, bidirectional disc rotary damper, and wind collector) are susceptible to wear, users should regularly clean sand accumulation and ensure unobstructed air inlets and outlets, depending on frequency of use and the specific sandstorm environment. If necessary, damaged components can be replaced or repaired to ensure long-term, efficient operation of the system. The device comprises the following components: The air inlet adjustment device is used to adjust the direction and speed of external airflow entering the device. The device includes a shutter and a rotary damper. By adjusting the opening and closing speed of the shutter through the rotary damper, the wind speed can be effectively controlled to prevent low-speed wind from entering and failing to blow away the wind and sand, thereby optimizing the working efficiency of the device. The wind and sand convergence device is used to converge the airflow to the air outlet through the principle of aerodynamics, wherein according to the continuity principle of fluid mechanics, the area ratio of the air inlet and the air outlet is inversely proportional to the air flow velocity, specifically: according to the continuity principle of fluid mechanics: A1ν1=A2ν2, wherein A1 is the air inlet area, ν1 is the air inlet flow velocity, A2 is the air outlet area, ν2 is the air outlet flow velocity, and the air inlet and air outlet of the device are both square, and the side length of the air inlet is greater than the side length of the air outlet. Therefore, when the air flow passes through the device, the flow velocity is significantly increased, thereby improving the working efficiency of the device. The rotating blade device is used to disperse airflow onto the railroad track surface after gathering sand, preventing sand accumulation. The device consists of blades and springs, which ensure the blades can effectively return to their original position under the action of wind. As wind speed changes, the springs control the rotation amplitude of the blades, causing them to oscillate periodically. This action helps disperse sand and evenly distribute wind force at the air outlet, maximizing the effectiveness of the sand dispersal and improving the device's efficiency. According to research, the sand between the sleepers and the tracks is all wind-blown sand, with the particle size typically ranging from 0.1 mm to 2 mm, classified as fine or medium sand. Specifically, the particle size of most wind-blown sand particles is concentrated between 0.1 and 0.5 mm. Sand particles larger than 2 mm are generally rare and not easily transported by the wind. Sand particles with a particle size of 0.10-0.25 mm can be blown up when the wind speed exceeds 4 m / s; sand particles with a particle size of 0.25-0.50 mm can be blown up when the wind speed reaches 5.6 m / s; sand particles with a particle size of 0.50-1.0 mm can be blown up when the wind speed reaches 6.7 m / s; and sand particles with a particle size greater than 1.0 mm require a higher wind speed of 7.1 m / s to be blown up and form a sand flow. In other words, the wind speed of the device should be set according to the maximum particle size of the sand particles to ensure that the wind-blown sand under the rails can be blown away. Therefore, the applicable conditions of this device are specified to be under medium wind speed conditions. Based on aerodynamic principles and friction calculations, the damping force is controlled between 0.5N and 2N. This force range varies with wind speed and sand particle size. The damper design must ensure sufficient wind resistance at all wind speeds. According to aerodynamic principles, this resistance can be achieved by increasing the number of discs, optimizing spacing, and optimizing the friction coefficient of the material. 3) The structure of the wind and sand gathering device is funnel-shaped, and the side length l1 of the air inlet is greater than the side length l2 of the air outlet, so as to increase the wind speed through the compression effect of the airflow and enhance the wind and sand blowing capacity of the device. 4) According to the continuity principle, inlet and outlet dimensions are inversely proportional to wind speed, thus requiring an inlet and outlet sizing adjustment mechanism. The inlet dimensions must ensure the minimum wind speed required to disperse sand particles, while also being able to adapt to varying wind speeds. The outlet design should provide an air flow path that matches the inlet and automatically adjust based on airflow requirements to ensure the desired wind speed. 5) Based on the actual needs of wind speed, air volume, track width and comprehensive consideration of engineering design experience, it is stipulated that the diameter of the air outlet of the rotating fan blade device is 100mm to 500mm, which can cover a railway track width range of at least 1 meter to 3 meters. The air volume Q and the air outlet diameter d are in a square relationship. The air volume is the product of the flow rate of the air flow and the area. Therefore, the larger the air outlet diameter, the greater the air volume that can be provided, and thus the larger the area that can be covered. The standard width of railway tracks is usually 1.435 meters (standard gauge), and in different regions or application scenarios, there may be certain width variations. In order to ensure that the device can effectively blow away the wind and sand covering the track, it is necessary to consider the ability to cover a width range of 1 to 3 meters when designing the device. 6) Based on the wind speed requirements, the control of the airflow direction, the stability of the device, the wind and sand cleaning effect and the actual engineering experience standards, the fan blade swing angle of the air outlet is stipulated to be between 15° and 45°. 7) The main working area of the device is the paved surface of the railway track, especially the joints between the tracks and the sleeper area, to prevent the accumulation of wind and sand and ensure the normal operation of the train. 9) The air inlet and outlet of the device are designed to be perpendicular to the direction of the rails, thereby effectively guiding the flow path of wind and sand. The innovative points of the present invention are as follows: 1. Energy-saving and environmentally friendly design, completely independent of external electricity The design is completely driven by wind power and does not require electricity. The trumpet-shaped structure of the wind collector, using the principles of fluid mechanics, can effectively gather and enhance wind power, thereby increasing the effect of blowing away wind and sand, achieving energy conservation and environmental protection. 2. Wind efficiency enhancement mechanism The wind concentrator's unique trumpet-shaped design efficiently gathers surrounding wind flow, significantly increasing wind speed in the wind-concentrating area. Passing through the structure, the wind force is not only amplified but also effectively concentrated in the area where the sand needs to be dispersed, improving the device's efficiency. 3. Unique spring return mechanism The upper structure incorporates a spring return system. Wind-induced swinging of the upper structure is automatically restored to its original position by the spring's ability to deform. This design allows the device to quickly return to its initial state after being subjected to wind forces, preventing excessive wear on mechanical components and enhancing its durability and reliability. 4. Intelligent wind screening mechanism Damping devices on either side of the wind-collecting vents regulate wind strength, ensuring that only winds reaching a certain intensity will open the shutters, allowing air into the wind-collecting area. The damping parameters can be flexibly adjusted based on actual wind conditions, ensuring that weak winds won't trigger the shutters to open, thereby improving the precision of the sand-dispersing effect. 5.Innovative installation method and structural design Two installation methods have been designed to adapt to different soil types: one uses a conventional cone-shaped base inserted into the ground, with surrounding reinforcement for wind and sand protection, suitable for solid soils; the other uses a concrete column as a foundation, combining a steel skeleton and high-strength concrete to provide a stable support for the device, suitable for areas with soft soils. This design makes the device adaptable to different geological environments and has a wide range of application prospects. 6. Enhance structural stability and durability The superstructure is connected to the base via roller bearings. The screws on the bearing seats are tightly secured to the base, ensuring the superstructure can swing stably without overall shaking. This design improves the stability and durability of the device, especially in strong winds, ensuring long-term stable operation. 7. Limit rod design prevents excessive swing By setting a limit rod to accurately limit the swing angle of the superstructure, it can ensure normal movement within the track range, avoiding structural damage or device failure caused by excessive swing. This innovative design further improves the safety and reliability of the device.

Claims

1. An installation device for an automatic sand blowing device beside a railway track, characterized by: The air collecting body is used to construct a funnel-shaped air collecting port and an air outlet; the air outlet is provided with a fan blade; A rotary damper is installed on the rotating shaft of the shutter at the air gathering port. The air collector is fixed to the limit rod at the bottom; the top of the tube is connected to the limit rod and the bottom passes through the bearing; Insert the tube and bearing into the base and then fix them to the base with bolts.

2. The installation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The spring is installed on the rotating shaft of the radiator blade.

3. The installation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The damper adopts a bidirectional disc rotary damper.

4. The installation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: There are six dampers on the three rotation axes of the shutters at the air collection outlet.

5. The installation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The limiting rod passes through the limiting hole of the bearing seat.

6. A method for installing a device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The shutters are used to control the airflow at the air inlet, ensuring that the wind enters perpendicular to the track during the process of blowing away the sand; when the sand is blown away, the wind is prevented from entering in the reverse direction; The damper adjusts the opening and closing speed of the shutters and controls the amount of air entering.

7. A method for installing a device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The spring realizes the self-resetting rotation of the air outlet fan blades.

8. A method for installing a device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fan blade swing angle is between 15° and 45°.

9. A method for installing a device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The damping force is controlled between 0.5N and 2N.

10. A method for installing a device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The wind and sand blowing range covers a width of less than 3 meters.

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