Inhaul cable energy dissipation type ship collision prevention device

Abstract

The invention relates to an inhaul cable energy dissipation type ship collision prevention device, and belongs to the technical field of bridge collision prevention. The blocking device is arranged on the two sides of a bridge and comprises at least two vertically-arranged stand columns and blocking cables wound around the stand columns through permanent magnet dampers. When ship collision occurs, the arresting cable drives the permanent magnet damper to realize energy consumption. The permanent magnet damper comprises a fixed pair and a rotating pair which are magnetically connected, and the fixed pair is a permanent magnet and is fixed on the stand column; the rotating pair is an electromagnet rotating shaft, and the arresting cable is wound on the electromagnet rotating shaft to form a permanent magnet coil. The sensor is electrically connected with the permanent magnet damper and used for monitoring the distance or speed of the ship. The controller is electrically connected with the sensor and used for adjusting the energy dissipation capacity of the permanent magnet damper. When a ship collides, the interception cable drives the damper to achieve energy consumption, the energy consumption capacity of the damper is dynamically adjusted according to a ship collision force predicted value, an external power source is not needed, the structure is simple and reliable, mechanical friction and abrasion do not exist, the service life is long, and the maintenance cost is low.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of bridge anti-collision and relates to a cable energy-absorbing ship anti-collision device. Background Art

[0002] Bridges are not only transportation hubs connecting two banks but also crucial pillars of regional economic development. However, the difficulty of controlling small vessels and the high risk of collisions with bridges continue to pose serious challenges to bridge safety and water traffic order.

[0003] The difficulty in regulating small vessels lies first in their sheer number and widespread distribution. my country's waters are crisscrossed, and small vessels, essential tools for water transportation and fisheries, are numerous. They operate in every corner of rivers, lakes, and oceans, from inland streams to coastal harbors. This widespread distribution makes comprehensive, real-time monitoring difficult for regulators. Many small vessels have unpredictable routes, navigating freely across diverse waters, further complicating regulation.

[0004] Secondly, the quality of crews on small vessels varies widely. Some lack professional navigational knowledge and skills training, and their understanding of water traffic rules and safe operating procedures is insufficient. During navigation, they may engage in illegal operations and fail to comply with waterway regulations, posing a threat to water traffic safety. Furthermore, some small vessel crews have a weak safety awareness and lack an understanding of the severity of accidents like bridge collisions, leading to a tendency to take chances, further complicating management and control.

[0005] Furthermore, small vessels are relatively underdeveloped. Compared to larger vessels, they often lack advanced navigation, communication, and monitoring equipment. In complex navigation environments, they struggle to accurately determine their position and the conditions of the surrounding waters, and are unable to effectively communicate with other vessels and regulatory authorities. In adverse conditions such as inclement weather and low visibility, small vessels are more likely to lose their way and stray off course, increasing the risk of collision with bridges.

[0006] Bridge collisions pose a significant risk, with disastrous consequences. As critical infrastructure, bridges, once struck by a ship, not only suffer structural damage, impacting their normal operation, but can also disrupt traffic and cause significant losses to regional economic and social development. For example, after a major bridge in a certain region was struck by a ship, cracks appeared on the bridge deck. To ensure safety, relevant authorities had to close the bridge for repairs, paralyzing traffic in the area and preventing a large number of vehicles and pedestrians from passing normally, causing significant inconvenience to people's travel, production, and daily life. Furthermore, bridge collisions can also trigger secondary disasters such as the capsizing or sinking of ships, resulting in casualties and property damage.

[0007] In order to effectively solve the problems of difficult control of small ships and high risk of collision with bridges, a series of practical measures need to be taken to build a solid bridge safety line and ensure the safety and smooth flow of water transportation. Summary of the Invention

[0008] In view of this, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a cable-type energy-absorbing anti-ship collision device to solve the problems of difficult control of small ships and high risk of collision with bridges.

[0009] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0010] A cable-type energy-absorbing anti-ship collision device is installed on both sides of a bridge and includes vertically arranged columns, with at least two columns provided. Arresting cables are respectively wound around adjacent columns through permanent magnetic dampers; when a ship collision occurs, the arresting cables drive the permanent magnetic dampers to dissipate energy.

[0011] Optionally, the permanent magnet damper includes a fixed pair and a rotating pair connected to each other by magnetic force, the fixed pair is fixed on the column, and the arresting cable is wound around the rotating pair.

[0012] Optionally, the fixed pair is a permanent magnet.

[0013] Optionally, the rotating pair is an electromagnet rotating shaft, and the arresting cable is wound around the electromagnet rotating shaft to form a permanent magnet coil.

[0014] Optionally, the rotating pair is fixed to the column along the axial direction of the column through the fixing pair.

[0015] Optionally, the arresting cable and permanent magnetic damper are both arranged on the column above the water surface.

[0016] Optionally, three arresting cables are arranged in sequence along the axial direction of the column.

[0017] Optionally, the arresting cable is an ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene arresting cable.

[0018] Optionally, a sensor electrically connected to the permanent magnet damper is further included to monitor the distance or speed of the ship.

[0019] Optionally, a controller electrically connected to the sensor is further included to adjust the energy dissipation capacity of the permanent magnet damper.

[0020] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0021] To address the challenges of difficult small vessel control and the high risk of bridge collisions, the present invention provides an arresting device for ship collision protection on low-clearance bridge superstructures. When a ship strikes, an arresting cable drives a damper to dissipate energy. Sensors in the device monitor the distance or speed of the ship and predict the impact energy. A controller dynamically adjusts the energy dissipation capacity of the permanent magnet damper based on this data to accommodate varying impact energies, providing more effective bridge protection. The arresting cable utilizes the magnetic field generated by a permanent magnet to dissipate energy during a ship impact. During operation, no external power supply is required, reducing energy consumption and operating costs. The device offers advantages of a simple structure and high reliability. By varying the magnetic field strength of the permanent magnet and the relative motion between the conductor and the permanent magnet, the damping characteristics of the permanent magnet damper can be adjusted to meet the needs of various application scenarios. Compared to traditional friction dampers, permanent magnet dampers generate damping force through electromagnetic induction, eliminating mechanical friction and wear, resulting in a long service life and low maintenance costs. The arresting cable is made of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE), which offers high strength and toughness, effectively withstanding the impact of a ship impact. The device features three arresting cables arranged axially along the column. Combined with the controller's selective activation of the permanent magnetic damper, this allows for progressive energy dissipation, improving the device's overall energy efficiency. The ship collision prevention device presented in this invention offers significant advantages in the field of bridge collision prevention, effectively addressing the challenges of managing small vessels and the high risk of collisions, ensuring bridge safety and ensuring water traffic order.

[0022] Other advantages, objects, and features of the present invention will be described in part in the following description and, in part, will be apparent to those skilled in the art upon examination of the following description or may be learned from practice of the present invention. The objects and other advantages of the present invention may be realized and obtained through the following description. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clear, the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:

[0024] Figure 1 Schematic cross-sectional view of the ship collision prevention device of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the cross section of the permanent magnet coil.

[0026] Reference numerals:

[0027] 1 column, 2 arresting cable, 3 permanent magnetic damper, 4 permanent magnetic coil. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] The following describes the embodiments of the present invention by means of specific examples, and those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of the present invention from the contents disclosed in this specification. The present invention can also be implemented or applied through other different specific embodiments, and the details in this specification can also be modified or changed in various ways based on different viewpoints and applications without departing from the spirit of the present invention. It should be noted that the illustrations provided in the following embodiments are only schematic illustrations of the basic concept of the present invention, and the following embodiments and features in the embodiments can be combined with each other without conflict.

[0029] Among them, the accompanying drawings are only for illustrative purposes and represent only schematic diagrams rather than actual pictures, and should not be understood as limiting the present invention. In order to better illustrate the embodiments of the present invention, some parts of the accompanying drawings may be omitted, enlarged or reduced, and do not represent the dimensions of actual products. For those skilled in the art, it is understandable that some well-known structures and their descriptions may be omitted in the accompanying drawings.

[0030] The same or similar numbers in the drawings of the embodiments of the present invention correspond to the same or similar parts; in the description of the present invention, it should be understood that if there are terms such as "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "front", "back", etc. indicating directions or positional relationships, they are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operate in a specific direction. Therefore, the terms describing the positional relationship in the drawings are only used for illustrative purposes and cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0031] The present invention utilizes a permanent magnet damper (3) to dissipate energy during a ship impact. This permanent magnet damper (3) is a magnetic transmission mechanism based on the laws of electromagnetic induction and Lenz's law. It connects a pair of active and passive magnetic pairs through contactless magnetic force, transmitting torque. Adjusting the air gap between the pairs can adjust the damping torque from zero to maximum. Once the air gap is locked, the damping torque remains constant during operation and does not change with changes in the relative speed of the active and passive pairs.

[0032] During use, either half of the permanent magnetic damper 3 is fixed, while the other half rotates with the bobbin shaft. The permanent magnetic damper 3 applies a constant damping torque to the bobbin shaft. If this half is mounted on the sizing guide pulley shaft, the wire or tape will have a constant tension as it is drawn off the sizing guide pulley.

[0033] Fix any half of the magnetic pair of the permanent magnet damper 3 on the power shaft and fix the other half on the passive shaft. When the power shaft rotates, a constant rotational torque is obtained on the passive shaft. When the gap of the magnetic pair of the permanent magnet damper 3 is adjusted, the torque obtained on the passive shaft will not change due to the slip change caused by the load change.

[0034] The permanent magnet damper 3 has a simple structure, operating via magnetic force, eliminating direct contact and friction. It offers convenient angle adjustment (i.e., torque adjustment), a compact installation footprint, and a long, trouble-free service life. It can be used for shaft-connected braking of various wires (steel, copper, optical fiber, carbon fiber, etc.) and thin films.

[0035] Example 1

[0036] See also Figures 1 and 2 It is a cable-type energy-absorbing anti-ship collision device, which is installed on both sides of the bridge and includes vertical columns 1. There are at least two columns 1. The arresting cables 2 are respectively wound on adjacent columns 1 through permanent magnetic dampers 3, and are located above the water surface of the columns 1; the permanent magnetic dampers 3 include a fixed pair and a rotating pair interconnected by magnetic force, the fixed pair is fixed to the column 1, and the rotating pair is fixed to the column 1 along the axial direction of the column 1 through the fixed pair; the fixed pair is a permanent magnet that provides a stable magnetic field, and the rotating pair is the electromagnet rotating shaft. The arresting cable 2 is wound around the electromagnet rotating shaft to form a permanent magnetic coil 4. The arresting cable 2 is preferably an ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) intercepting cable, and three cables are sequentially arranged along the axial direction of the column 1. Therefore, the arresting cable 2 has high strength and high toughness and can withstand the impact force of a ship collision.

[0037] When a ship strikes, arresting cable 2 is pulled by the ship. The stretching motion of arresting cable 2 drives the rotation of the electromagnet's rotating shaft, which then moves relative to the fixed pair. This cuts the magnetic flux lines generated by the permanent magnet, generating an induced current. According to Lenz's law, the induced current generates an induced magnetic field in the opposite direction of the original magnetic field. This induced magnetic field hinders the relative motion between the conductor and the permanent magnet. Specifically, the interaction between the induced current and the magnetic field of the permanent magnet generates an Ampere force in the opposite direction of the conductor's motion, thereby hindering the conductor's motion. This is the damping force generated by permanent magnet damper 3, reflecting its energy dissipation capacity. On the other hand, the hysteresis effect (energy loss due to repeated changes in the magnetic field) between the electromagnet's rotating shaft and the fixed pair further consumes energy.

[0038] Factors influencing the damping force include the magnetic field strength of the permanent magnet and the speed of the electromagnet's rotating shaft. The stronger the magnetic field generated by the permanent magnet, the greater the induced electromotive force (EMF) generated when the conductor cuts the magnetic flux lines, and the greater the induced current. According to the Ampere force formula F = BIL (where F is the Ampere force, B is the magnetic field strength, I is the current strength, and L is the effective length of the conductor in the magnetic field), the damping force will also increase accordingly. The faster the electromagnet's rotating shaft moves relative to the permanent magnet, the faster it cuts the magnetic flux lines, the greater the induced electromotive force and induced current generated, and thus the damping force.

[0039] Example 2

[0040] Based on the above embodiment 1, this embodiment further includes a sensor electrically connected to the permanent magnetic damper 3 for monitoring the distance or speed of the ship. A controller electrically connected to the sensor is used to adjust the energy dissipation capacity of the permanent magnetic damper 3.

[0041] The sensor in this embodiment may be a laser radar, an ultrasonic sensor, a Doppler radar or an infrared sensor, which predicts the impact energy by monitoring the distance or running speed of the ship.

[0042] Based on sensor data input, the controller can adjust the energy dissipation capacity of the permanent magnet damper 3 in the following ways: First, current control: increasing the current in the electromagnet coil strengthens the magnetic field, increasing the damping force generated by eddy currents and hysteresis effects, thereby increasing energy dissipation capacity. If the ship is traveling at high speed or at close range, the controller can instantly increase the current to a threshold to maximize the damping force. If the impact energy is low, the current is reduced to reduce structural loads. Second, multi-stage energy dissipation is achieved. Combined with the hierarchical arrangement of multiple arresting cables 2 (three cables are arranged along the column 1), the controller can selectively activate permanent magnet dampers 3 at different locations to achieve step-by-step energy dissipation.

[0043] To address the challenges of difficult small vessel control and the high risk of bridge collisions, the present invention provides an arresting device for ship collision protection on low-clearance bridge superstructures. When a ship strikes, the arresting cable drives the damper to dissipate energy. Sensors in the device monitor the ship's distance or speed, predicting the impact energy. Based on this data, a controller dynamically adjusts the energy dissipation capacity of the permanent magnet damper 3 to accommodate varying impact energies, providing more effective bridge protection. The arresting cable utilizes the magnetic field generated by the permanent magnet to dissipate energy during a ship impact. During operation, no external power supply is required, reducing energy consumption and operating costs. The device offers advantages of simple structure and high reliability. By varying the magnetic field strength of the permanent magnet and the relative motion between the conductor and the permanent magnet, the damping characteristics of the permanent magnet damper 3 can be adjusted to meet the needs of various application scenarios. Compared to traditional friction dampers, the permanent magnet damper 3 generates damping force through electromagnetic induction, eliminating mechanical friction and wear, resulting in a long service life and low maintenance costs. The arresting cable 2 is made of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE), which offers high strength and toughness, effectively withstanding the impact of a ship impact. The device features three arresting cables 2 arranged axially along a column 1. Combined with the controller's selective activation of a permanent magnetic damper 3, this allows for progressive energy dissipation, improving the device's overall energy efficiency. The ship collision prevention device of this invention offers significant advantages in the field of bridge collision prevention, effectively addressing the challenges of managing small vessels and the high risk of collisions with bridges, thereby ensuring bridge safety and ensuring orderly water traffic.

[0044] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not limiting. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions of the present invention can be modified or replaced by equivalents without departing from the purpose and scope of the technical solutions, which should all be included in the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A cable energy dissipation anti-ship collision device, characterized by: The device is provided on both sides of the bridge and includes vertically arranged columns (1), wherein at least two columns (1) are provided, and arresting cables (2) are respectively wound around adjacent columns (1) through permanent magnetic dampers (3); when a ship collision occurs, the arresting cables (2) drive the permanent magnetic dampers (3) to dissipate energy.

2. The cable energy dissipation ship collision prevention device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The permanent magnetic damper (3) comprises a fixed pair and a rotating pair connected to each other by magnetic force, the fixed pair is fixed on the column (1), and the arresting cable (2) is wound around the rotating pair.

3. The cable energy dissipation anti-ship collision device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The fixed pair is a permanent magnet.

4. The cable energy dissipation anti-ship collision device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The rotating pair is an electromagnet rotating shaft, and the arresting cable (2) is wound around the electromagnet rotating shaft to form a permanent magnetic coil (4).

5. The cable energy dissipation ship collision prevention device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The rotating pair is fixed to the column (1) along the axial direction of the column (1) via the fixed pair.

6. The cable energy dissipation ship collision prevention device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The arresting cable (2) and the permanent magnetic damper (3) are both arranged on the column (1) above the water surface.

7. The cable energy dissipation ship collision prevention device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The arresting cables (2) are provided in three rows in sequence along the axial direction of the column (1).

8. The cable energy dissipation ship collision prevention device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The arresting cable (2) is an ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene arresting cable.

9. The cable energy dissipation ship collision prevention device according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a sensor electrically connected to the permanent magnetic damper (3) for monitoring the distance or speed of the ship.

10. The cable energy dissipation ship collision prevention device according to claim 9, characterized in that: It also includes a controller electrically connected to the sensor, for adjusting the energy consumption capacity of the permanent magnet damper (3).

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