Beam-column joint formwork matched with column top supporting tool and construction method of beam-column joint formwork

Abstract

The invention discloses a beam-column joint formwork matched with a column top supporting tool and a construction method of the beam-column joint formwork. The beam-column joint formwork comprises a formwork unit, a first fixing piece and a second fixing piece. The structure of the second fixing piece is a magnetic attraction piece or a supporting sectional material. The construction method of the beam-column joint formwork comprises the following steps that S1, formwork units are formed through cutting according to the condition of an open space at a beam-column joint; s2, cold bending shaping is carried out on the template; s3, the shaped formwork units are installed on beam-column joints at the corresponding positions; s4, pouring at the beam-column joints, wherein concrete pouring is conducted on the beam-column joints; and S5, the formwork is dismantled. The template has the beneficial effects that the self weight of the thin-wall steel plate is obviously lighter than that of a traditional template, so that the template can be constructed by a single person, the template only needs to be placed at a designated position during use, the template is fixed through a shoot nail, and then the template is further reinforced through a more powerful supporting profile or a magnetic attraction piece; and rapid installation of the template is realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of building accessories for assembled floor slabs, in particular to a beam-column node template adapted to a column top supporting tool. Background Art

[0002] With the development of prefabricated buildings, various improvements have been made to prefabricated beams, columns, and floor slabs in prefabricated building structures, and various construction methods have been developed for their assembly methods. However, after the installation of prefabricated beams, columns, and floor slabs, there are still deficiencies in the cast-in-place process for their beam-column joints, which are mainly reflected in the following aspects:

[0003] After the installation of precast beams, columns, and floor slabs, the beam-column joints at the tops of the columns are left with open spaces (a certain amount of space is required between the individual precast components to facilitate adjustments and improve tolerance, allowing for post-casting to form the whole). Currently, conventional formwork (wooden or metal) is installed in this open space. This is then secured in place using tensioning or external hoops before concrete is poured into the beam-column joints. However, this construction process is complex, requiring the collaborative efforts of multiple personnel for assembly and disassembly. Furthermore, the irregular shape of the open space requires constant adjustments during the mold closing process, resulting in low overall efficiency.

[0004] Furthermore, due to the subsequent need for concrete pouring, the current national standard, "Technical Specification for Composite Steel Formwork" (GB / T50214-2013), requires a panel thickness of at least 2.5mm. Furthermore, appropriate reinforcement ribs must be installed on the outside of the formwork to ensure it can withstand the pressure of concrete. These limitations result in a heavy formwork, placing high demands on the physical fitness of workers during construction, and even requiring the coordinated installation of multiple personnel.

[0005] CN216713822U discloses a prefabricated frame structure beam-column node formwork support system. It encloses the open space of the beam-column node area by enclosing a support seat on the prefabricated column and installing a number of standard sections on the support seat. However, according to the technical solution disclosed in the patent, the standard section should be shaped and formed using steel plates with a thickness of 2.5 mm or more before it can be bolted to the support seat. The main reason is that if the thin steel plate has low rigidity, it is easy to deform due to the concentrated force at the bolt point, and an effective connection cannot be formed. This confirms the current national standard "Technical Specification for Combined Steel Formwork" GB / T50214-2013 that requires the panel thickness to be greater than 2.5 mm. In addition, the patent uses long holes for bolt fixing. The long holes weaken the thin steel plate too much, making it impossible to achieve thin-walled structure with this structural solution. The thickness is even greater than that of conventional steel formwork.

[0006] In addition, the above patent does not include the situation of integrating multiple standard sections into a whole template. If integrated into a whole template, the entire template will be too heavy. This is why the patent requires the template to be divided into several standard sections, so as to ensure that the weight of each standard section after division is not too heavy. However, once divided into multiple standard sections, it means that the subsequent installation workload increases, and the standard sections need to be assembled and locked, which inevitably increases the assembly workload. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a beam-column node formwork adapted to a column top support tooling and a construction method thereof, which realizes low-cost and efficient installation and removal of the beam-column node formwork through the special structure and combination of the temporary support tooling.

[0008] The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions: a beam-column node template adapted for a column top support tooling, installed at the beam-column node of a prefabricated floor with a support-free prefabricated floor with a column top support tooling, wherein the column top support tooling includes a leveling support installed on the prefabricated column and a main beam corbel and a secondary beam corbel installed on the leveling support, and the prefabricated main beam and the prefabricated secondary beam are supported on the main beam corbel and the secondary beam corbel respectively; and includes a template unit, a first fixing member, and a second fixing member;

[0009] The formwork unit is a thin-walled steel plate that is cut to have a blocking area and a fixed fitting area, wherein the thickness of the thin-walled steel plate is no more than 1.5 mm; the blocking area corresponds to the outline of the open space at the beam-column node, and is used to block the open space and play a shaping role; the fixed fitting area is located on the side of the blocking area and extends outward, and is fitted with the side walls of the prefabricated main beam and prefabricated secondary beam on the corresponding side. The fixed fitting area is fixed to the prefabricated main beam and prefabricated secondary beam by a first fixing member;

[0010] The second fixing member structure is a supporting profile, which is connected to the main beam corbel or the secondary beam corbel and is attached to the outer side surface of the blocking area;

[0011] Or the structure of the second fixing part is a magnetic part, and the template unit corresponding to the magnetic part is also provided with a bottom fixing area, the bottom fixing area is located at the bottom edge of the blocking area and extends outward, and the bottom fixing area is fitly connected to the top surface of the corresponding main beam corbel and secondary beam corbel; the magnetic part is placed on the top surface of the bottom fixing area, and the bottom fixing area is pressed onto the main beam corbel and / or secondary beam corbel to achieve fixation of the template unit.

[0012] The construction method of the beam-column node template comprises the following steps:

[0013] Step 1: Cut the galvanized sheet metal to form a formwork unit according to the open space at the beam-column joint. The formwork unit includes a blocking area, a fixed fitting area, and a bottom fixing area. If the precast column in the beam-column joint is a side column, at least one of the cut formwork units does not include the bottom fixing area, and the formwork units that do not include the bottom fixing area are also equipped with supporting profiles.

[0014] Step 2: Cold-bend the formwork unit, where the blocking area is bent according to the actual contour of the beam-column node, the fixed fitting area should fit with the side walls of the precast main beam and precast secondary beam on the corresponding side; and the bottom fixed area should fit with the top surface of the corresponding main beam corbel and secondary beam corbel;

[0015] Step 3: Install the bent and shaped formwork units at the beam-column nodes at the corresponding positions, so that the fixed fitting areas fit with the side walls of the prefabricated main beam and prefabricated secondary beam on the corresponding sides, and drive nails into them; for the formwork units with bottom fixed areas, after the bottom fixed areas fit with the main beam corbel and the secondary beam corbel, magnetic parts are placed to fix the bottom fixed areas with the main beam corbel and / or the secondary beam corbel; for the formwork units without bottom fixed areas, support profiles are placed on the outside and the support profiles are locked to the corresponding main beam corbel and / or the secondary beam corbel by bolts;

[0016] Step 4: pouring concrete at the beam-column joints;

[0017] Step 5: Remove the template unit, remove the magnetic parts and supporting profiles, then pull out the nails to remove the template unit.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0019] 1. Compared to traditional formwork installation methods, the use of thin-walled steel plates significantly reduces its weight, making this formwork suitable for single-person installation. To use, the formwork unit simply needs to be placed in the designated location and secured with nails. Further reinforcement with stronger support profiles or magnetic components allows for rapid installation. This installation method ensures that the formwork unit will not slip or deform during the subsequent pouring of concrete at the beam-column joints.

[0020] 2. The structure of the present invention allows for easy connection of thin-walled steel plates with prefabricated beams and column top supports, ensuring sufficient rigidity even with thin-walled steel plates with a thickness of 1-1.5 mm. Material consumption is significantly lower than with existing formwork. Thin-walled steel plates are cut to size and then cold-bent, resulting in low cost and easy processing.

[0021] 3. The position where the beam-column node template bears the greatest pressure is at the bottom of the node. The present invention utilizes the characteristic that the column top support tooling is a full-width metal part, and uses magnetic parts or support profiles to fix thin-walled steel plates, which can achieve lossless and reliable connection. It should be noted that thin-walled steel plates with a thickness of less than 1.5 mm are also a necessary prerequisite for magnetic fixation.

[0022] 4. Thin-walled steel plates with a thickness of less than 1.5 mm have good elastic deformation properties and can adapt to the installation deviation of prefabricated components to a certain extent. However, traditional metal formwork cannot achieve the effect of self-deviation adaptation due to its high rigidity. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic structural diagram of the first style of the template of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2 This is a schematic structural diagram of the second style of the template of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 3 This is a schematic structural diagram of the third style of the template of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the structure of the magnetic attraction component of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of the supporting profile of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 6 This is a structural diagram of a prefabricated column with a column top support fixture;

[0029] Figure 7 For Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the structure after adding prefabricated main beams and prefabricated secondary beams to the foundation;

[0030] Figure 8 For Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the structure after adding prefabricated floor slabs to the foundation;

[0031] Figure 9 Structural diagram of installing the first style formwork on the beam-column structure;

[0032] Figure 10 For Figure 9 Schematic diagram of the structure for installing nails on the foundation;

[0033] Figure 11 exist Figure 10 Schematic diagram of the structure of the magnetic suction parts installed on the foundation;

[0034] Figure 12 For Figure 11 Structural diagram after the foundation is supplemented with prefabricated floor slabs;

[0035] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the second style of formwork installed behind the beam-column structure;

[0036] Figure 14 For Figure 13 Structural diagram after the foundation is supplemented with prefabricated floor slabs;

[0037] Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram of the third style of formwork installed behind the beam-column structure;

[0038] Figure 16 For Figure 15 Schematic diagram of the structure for installing nails on the foundation;

[0039] Figure 17 For Figure 16 Schematic diagram of the structure for installing support profiles on the foundation.

[0040] Explanation of reference numbers: 11 blocking area, 12 fixed fitting area, 13 bottom fixed area, 14 supporting profile, 141 supporting plate, 142 reinforcing rib, 143 bottom plate, 15 magnetic parts, 16 top fixed fitting area, 21 nails, 81 prefabricated column, 82 prefabricated main beam, 83 prefabricated secondary beam, 84 prefabricated floor slab, 9 column top supporting tooling, 91 leveling supporting parts, 92 main beam corbel, 93 secondary beam corbel. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0041] The present invention is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings:

[0042] like Figure 1-6 As shown: A beam-column node template adapted for a column top support fixture is installed at the beam-column node of a prefabricated floor with a column top support fixture 9, wherein the column top support fixture 9 includes a leveling support member 91 installed on a prefabricated column 81, and a main beam corbel 92 and a secondary beam corbel 93 installed on the leveling support member 91, and the prefabricated main beam 82 and the prefabricated secondary beam 83 are supported on the main beam corbel 92 and the secondary beam corbel 93 respectively; characterized in that it includes a template unit, a first fixing member, and a second fixing member;

[0043] The formwork unit is a thin-walled steel plate that has been cut to form a blocking area 11 and a fixed bonding area 12, wherein the thickness of the thin-walled steel plate is no more than 1.5 mm. The blocking area 11 corresponds to the outline of the open space at the beam-column node, and is used to block the open space and play a shaping role. The fixed bonding area 12 is located on the side of the blocking area 11 and extends outward, and is bonded to the side walls of the prefabricated main beam 82 and prefabricated secondary beam 83 on the corresponding side. The fixed bonding area 12 is fixed to the prefabricated main beam 82 and prefabricated secondary beam 83 by a first fixing member.

[0044] The second fixing member structure is a support profile 14 , which is connected to the main beam corbel 92 or the secondary beam corbel 93 and is attached to the outer side of the blocking area 11 ;

[0045] Or the structure of the second fixing part is a magnetic part 15, and the template unit corresponding to the magnetic part 15 is also provided with a bottom fixing area 13, the bottom fixing area 13 is located at the bottom edge of the blocking area 11 and extends outward, and the bottom fixing area 13 is fitly connected with the top surface of the corresponding main beam corbel 92 and secondary beam corbel 93; the magnetic part 15 is placed on the top surface of the bottom fixing area 13, and the bottom fixing area 13 is pressed onto the main beam corbel 92 and / or the secondary beam corbel 93 to realize the fixation of the template unit.

[0046] The present invention is a continuation of the CN119145659A patent. On the basis that the column top support tooling disclosed in the CN119145659A patent has sufficient strength, the column top support tooling also plays the role of fixing the template unit.

[0047] The first fixing member is a nail 21. It should be noted that the present invention utilizes the premise that the formwork unit is well fixed around the perimeter, namely, prefabricated primary beams and prefabricated secondary beams that fit the formwork unit, and the thickness of the formwork unit is less than 1.5 mm. The formwork unit can be initially fixed by nails, and then further fixed by using steel column top support fixtures 9 in conjunction with the formwork unit. This ensures that the formwork unit can be firmly fixed in the designated position without the need for through-holes or external hoops required by conventional technologies.

[0048] The magnetic parts currently used are mainly high-strength magnetic fixing parts with handles purchased on the market.

[0049] It is particularly important to emphasize that the thickness of the formwork unit must be less than 1.5mm, which is also a prerequisite for the high-strength magnetic fixture to attach the formwork unit to the main beam corbel and / or secondary beam corbel. By placing the magnetic fixture 15 on the top surface of the bottom fixing area 13, the bottom fixing area 13 is tightly pressed against the main beam corbel 92 and / or secondary beam corbel 93. The friction between the bottom fixing area 13 and the main beam corbel 92 and / or secondary beam corbel 93 ensures that the formwork unit can withstand the pressure of the cast-in-place concrete. If the formwork unit is thicker, the magnetic fixture cannot be guaranteed to firmly fix the formwork unit.

[0050] The magnetic element and the template unit with the bottom fixing area 13 are mainly suitable for the non-edge area of the center column and the side column. Since the magnetic element is easy to place and remove, the efficiency of the entire template assembly and disassembly is greatly improved.

[0051] The supporting profile 14 includes a supporting plate 141, reinforcing ribs 142 and a bottom plate 143. Several reinforcing ribs 142 are placed vertically and arranged on the outer side of the supporting plate 141. The bottom plate 143 is connected to the lower edge of the supporting plate 141 and is connected to the reinforcing ribs 142. Several screw holes are provided on the bottom plate 143, and the bottom plate 143 is locked to the main beam corbel 92 or the secondary beam corbel 93 by bolts.

[0052] The support profile 14 primarily cooperates with the formwork unit and is installed at the edge of the side column. Since the thickness of the formwork unit is less than 1.5 mm and the width of the formwork unit installed at the edge of the side column is relatively large, if only magnetic components are used, reinforcing ribs should be considered on the formwork unit. To simplify the structure, a support profile 14 of a certain width and strength is placed in the central area of the formwork unit. The formwork unit is secured by locking the support profile 14 to the main beam corbel and / or secondary beam corbel.

[0053] It should be noted that the supporting profile 14 of the present application is similar in structure to the standard section in CN216713822U. However, in a large-area blocking area, only one supporting profile 14 is required to cooperate with a large-area template unit to achieve the technical effect that can only be achieved by complex locking cooperation of multiple standard sections. Compared with the standard section in CN216713822U, the material cost of the present invention is lower and the installation efficiency is faster.

[0054] In addition, the leveling support 91 is fixed to the prefabricated column via screws and nuts, the main beam corbel 92 and the secondary beam corbel 93 are fixed to the leveling support 91 via bolts, and the prefabricated main beam 82 and the prefabricated secondary beam 83 are supported on the main beam corbel 92 and the secondary beam corbel 93, respectively. The above structures are fully disclosed in CN119145659A, so the present invention does not further elaborate on the connection method and principle.

[0055] The cross-sectional profile of the beam-column joint is essentially identical to that of the precast column. Therefore, in general, if the precast column is a center column, the cross-section of the formwork unit's blocking area 11 is often L-shaped. However, if the precast column is a side column, since there are no precast primary beams or secondary beams on the outer side of the side column, the cross-sectional profile of the blocking area 11 of the corresponding side formwork unit is a straight line, meaning that the blocking area 11 is a flat plate. Furthermore, due to the horizontal height difference between the primary beam corbel 92 and the secondary beam corbel 93, the lower edge of the formwork unit's blocking area 11 is not horizontal; instead, an extension exists to compensate for the height difference. The lower edge of this corresponding extension also has a bottom fixing area.

[0056] The formwork unit also includes a top fixing bonding area 16, which is located at the top edge of the blocking area 11 and extends outward. The top fixing bonding area 16 is bonded to the bottom surface of the prefabricated floor 84 provided on the top surface of the prefabricated main beam 82 and the prefabricated secondary beam 83.

[0057] The thin-walled steel sheet is galvanized. Galvanized thin-walled steel sheet has the characteristics of low cost and moderate strength, and can be recycled many times.

[0058] like Figure 7-17 As shown: The construction method of the beam-column node template of the present invention includes the following steps:

[0059] Step 1: Cut the galvanized sheet metal to form a formwork unit according to the open space at the beam-column joint. The formwork unit includes a blocking area 11, a fixed fitting area 12, and a bottom fixing area 13. If the precast column in the beam-column joint is a side column, at least one of the cut formwork units does not include the bottom fixing area 13, and the formwork unit that does not include the bottom fixing area 13 is also equipped with a supporting profile 14.

[0060] Step 2: The formwork unit is cold-bent and shaped, wherein the blocking area 11 is bent according to the actual contour of the beam-column node, the fixed fitting area 12 should fit the side walls of the prefabricated main beam 82 and prefabricated secondary beam 83 on the corresponding side; and the bottom fixed area 13 should fit the top surface of the corresponding main beam corbel 92 and secondary beam corbel 93;

[0061] Step 3: Install the bent and shaped formwork units at the beam-column nodes at the corresponding positions, so that the fixed fitting area 12 fits with the side walls of the prefabricated main beam 82 and the prefabricated secondary beam 83 on the corresponding side, and drive nails 21 into the holes; for the formwork units with bottom fixed areas 13, after the bottom fixed areas 13 fit with the main beam corbel 92 and the secondary beam corbel 93, magnetic elements 15 are placed to fix the bottom fixed areas 13 and the main beam corbel 92 and / or the secondary beam corbel 93; for the formwork units without bottom fixed areas 13, support profiles 14 are placed on the outside thereof and the support profiles 14 are locked to the corresponding main beam corbel 92 and / or the secondary beam corbel 93 by bolts;

[0062] Step 4: pouring concrete at the beam-column joints;

[0063] Step 5: Remove the template unit, remove the magnetic element 15 and the supporting profile 14, and then remove the nails 21 to remove the template unit. It should be noted that the nails here mainly serve to temporarily fix the template, and the main fixation of the template bottom still relies on the pressure connection formed by the supporting profile 14 and the magnetic element 15.

[0064] Finally, it should be noted that the above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments or make equivalent replacements for some of the technical features therein. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A beam-column node template adapted to a column top support tooling, installed at a beam-column node of a prefabricated floor with a column top support tooling (9), wherein: The column top support fixture (9) includes a leveling support member (91) mounted on the prefabricated column (81) and a main beam corbel (92) and a secondary beam corbel (93) mounted on the leveling support member (91), wherein the prefabricated main beam (82) and the prefabricated secondary beam (83) are supported on the main beam corbel (92) and the secondary beam corbel (93), respectively; and is characterized in that it includes a template unit, a first fixing member, and a second fixing member; The template unit is a thin-walled steel plate that is cut to form a blocking area (11) and a fixed bonding area (12), wherein the thickness of the thin-walled steel plate is not greater than 1.5 mm; the blocking area (11) corresponds to the outline of the open space at the beam-column node, and is used to block the open space and play a shaping role; the fixed bonding area (12) is located on the side of the blocking area (11) and extends outward, and is bonded to the side walls of the prefabricated main beam (82) and the prefabricated secondary beam (83) on the corresponding side, and the fixed bonding area (12) is fixed to the prefabricated main beam (82) and the prefabricated secondary beam (83) through a first fixing member; The second fixing member structure is a supporting profile (14), which is connected to the main beam corbel (92) or the secondary beam corbel (93) and is attached to the outer side surface of the blocking area (11); Or the structure of the second fixing member is a magnetic member (15), and the template unit corresponding to the magnetic member (15) is further provided with a bottom fixing area (13), the bottom fixing area (13) is located at the bottom edge of the blocking area (11) and extends outward, and the bottom fixing area (13) is fitted and connected with the top surface of the corresponding main beam corbel (92) and the secondary beam corbel (93); the magnetic member (15) is placed on the top surface of the bottom fixing area (13), and the bottom fixing area (13) is pressed onto the main beam corbel (92) and / or the secondary beam corbel (93), thereby achieving fixation of the template unit.

2. A beam-column joint formwork adapted for column top support fixture according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first fixing member is a nail (21).

3. The beam-column joint formwork adapted for column top support fixture according to claim 1, characterized in that: The supporting profile (14) includes a supporting plate (141), a reinforcing rib (142) and a bottom plate (143), wherein a plurality of reinforcing ribs (142) are vertically arranged and disposed on the outer side of the supporting plate (141), and the bottom plate (143) is connected to the lower edge of the supporting plate (141) and is connected to the reinforcing rib (142); a plurality of screw holes are provided on the bottom plate (143), and the bottom plate (143) is locked to the main beam corbel (92) or the secondary beam corbel (93) by bolts.

4. The beam-column joint formwork adapted for column top support fixture according to claim 1, characterized in that: The template unit also includes a top-fixing fitting area (16), which is located at the top edge of the blocking area (11) and extends outward, and the top-fixing fitting area (16) fits with the bottom surface of the prefabricated floor slab (84) provided on the top surface of the prefabricated main beam (82) and the prefabricated secondary beam (83).

5. The beam-column joint formwork adapted for column top support fixture according to claim 1, characterized in that: The thin-walled steel plate is a galvanized plate.

6. The construction method of the beam-column joint formwork according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The steps include: Step 1: Cutting galvanized sheets to form template units according to the open space at the beam-column joint, the template units including a blocking area (11), a fixed fitting area (12), and a bottom fixed area (13); if the prefabricated column in the beam-column joint is a side column, at least one of the cut template units does not include the bottom fixed area (13), and the template unit that does not include the bottom fixed area (13) is also equipped with a supporting profile (14); Step 2: cold-bending the formwork unit, wherein the blocking area (11) is bent according to the actual contour of the beam-column node, and the fixed fitting area (12) should fit with the side walls of the prefabricated main beam (82) and the prefabricated secondary beam (83) on the corresponding side; The bottom fixing area (13) should be aligned with the top surface of the corresponding main beam corbel (92) and secondary beam corbel (93); Step 3, installing the bent and shaped template unit at the beam-column node at the corresponding position, so that the fixed fitting area (12) fits with the side wall of the prefabricated main beam (82) and the prefabricated secondary beam (83) on the corresponding side, and driving nails (21); wherein the template unit with a bottom fixed area (13), after the bottom fixed area (13) fits with the main beam corbel (92) and the secondary beam corbel (93), the bottom fixed area (13) and the main beam corbel (92) or / and the secondary beam corbel (93) are fixedly connected by placing a magnetic attraction piece (15); for the template unit without a bottom fixed area (13), a supporting profile (14) is placed on the outside and the supporting profile (14) is locked to the corresponding main beam corbel (92) or / and the secondary beam corbel (93) by bolts; Step 4: pouring concrete at the beam-column joints; Step 5, remove the template unit, remove the magnetic member (15) and the supporting profile (14), then pull out the nail (21), and then remove the template unit.

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