Grouting equipment and grouting method

Abstract

The grouting equipment comprises a protection pipe, a grouting head and grouting pipes, the protection pipe is provided with a protection channel extending in the axial direction of the protection pipe, the grouting head is connected to one end, in the axial direction, of the protection pipe, the multiple grouting pipes are arranged in the protection pipe in a penetrating mode, and each grouting pipe communicates with the grouting head. According to the grouting equipment, the risk that grout is mixed due to the fact that different kinds of grout are injected through the same grouting pipe can be reduced or avoided, corresponding geological stratums are reinforced reliably, the grouting pipe of the grouting equipment does not need to be pulled out to be cleaned, the operation difficulty of the grouting equipment is lowered, the operation intensity is lowered, and the grouting efficiency is improved. The construction efficiency is effectively improved, and the construction cost is reduced; and moreover, two of the plurality of grouting pipes are communicated together to form the heat exchange channel, so that the grouting equipment does not need to be provided with an additional temperature control device, the overall structure of the grouting equipment is relatively compact, and the overall performance of the grouting equipment is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of grouting equipment, and in particular to a grouting equipment and a grouting method. Background Art

[0002] In underground projects such as mine shafts, subways, and tunnels, for rock masses with developed fissures, structures, and broken looseness, especially underground projects with high pressure, grouting anchors are needed to reinforce the rock mass in order to increase the bearing capacity of the surrounding rock itself and achieve the purpose of improving the physical and mechanical properties of the rock and soil.

[0003] The underground geology changes with depth, that is, the construction depth range has several different geological strata (for example, different geological strata may include water-rich layers, sand layers, gravel layers, fractured rock layers, broken rocks, clay layers and mudstone layers). In the specific construction process, that is, when grouting, it is necessary to grout several different geological strata. Since different geological strata have different requirements for grouting slurry, after one slurry is injected, in order to avoid residual slurry contaminating the slurry corresponding to another stratum, the grouting anchor needs to be removed from the grouting hole for cleaning. Afterwards, the cleaned grouting anchor is used to inject the slurry corresponding to another stratum. The operation is complicated and the work intensity is high. When grouting in different areas, the ambient temperature of the grouting area also has a great influence on the grouting effect. The low temperature environment will increase the viscosity of the slurry, delay the solidification, and reduce the grouting strength. The high temperature environment will reduce the viscosity of the slurry but solidify too quickly, which is prone to shrinkage and cracking risks. If the temperature difference in the grouting hole is large, it will be more serious, and two high and low temperature phenomena will appear in the grouting cavity, which will reduce the construction effect, low construction efficiency and high construction cost. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present invention aims to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art. To this end, one purpose of the present invention is to propose a grouting device that can reduce or avoid the risk of slurries being mixed due to different types of slurries being injected through the same grouting pipe, reliably reinforce the corresponding geological strata, and make it unnecessary to extract the grouting pipe of the grouting device for cleaning, thereby reducing the difficulty of operating the grouting device, reducing the intensity of work, effectively improving the construction efficiency, and reducing the construction cost; moreover, by connecting two of the multiple grouting pipes together to form a heat exchange channel, the grouting device does not need to be equipped with an additional temperature control device, making the overall structure of the grouting device more compact and improving the overall performance of the grouting device.

[0005] The invention also proposes a grouting method using the grouting equipment.

[0006] According to the first embodiment of the present invention, the grouting equipment includes: a protective pipe having a protective channel extending along its axial direction; a grouting head connected to one axial end of the protective pipe; and a plurality of grouting pipes, each of which is inserted into the protective pipe, and each of the grouting pipes is connected to the grouting head.

[0007] According to the grouting equipment of the present invention, by setting up multiple grouting pipes connected to the grouting head, different types of slurries can be injected into the corresponding geological formations through different grouting pipes, reducing or avoiding the risk of slurries being mixed due to different types of slurries being injected through the same grouting pipe, and reliably reinforcing the corresponding geological formations, so that the grouting pipes of the grouting equipment do not need to be extracted for cleaning, reducing the operating difficulty of the grouting equipment, reducing the work intensity, effectively improving the construction efficiency, and reducing the construction cost; moreover, in this way, a heat exchange channel can be formed by connecting two of the multiple grouting pipes together, so that the heat exchange medium can perform heat exchange on the slurry to be ejected from the grouting head through the heat exchange channel, so that the temperature of the slurry ejected from the grouting head is maintained within a preset range, effectively improving the reinforcement effect of the slurry on its corresponding geological formation, improving the reliability of the grouting equipment, and making the grouting equipment unnecessary to set additional temperature control devices, so that the overall structure of the grouting equipment is relatively compact, and improving the overall performance of the grouting equipment.

[0008] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the grouting equipment further includes: a detector, which is provided on the grouting head; wherein the detector is used to detect the flow rate of the slurry when it flows out of the grouting head, and / or, the detector is used to detect the pressure of the slurry when it flows out of the grouting head, and / or, the detector is used to detect the temperature of the slurry when it flows out of the grouting head.

[0009] According to some other embodiments of the present invention, the grouting equipment further includes: a first control valve, the number of the first control valves is the same as the number of the grouting pipes and corresponds one to one, and the first control valve is used to control the connection and closing between the corresponding grouting pipes and the grouting head; wherein the first control valve is arranged on the corresponding grouting pipe, or the first control valve is arranged between the corresponding grouting pipe and the grouting head.

[0010] In other embodiments of the present invention, there are at least three grouting pipes, and the multiple grouting pipes include two first pipes, both of which have a connecting port, and the connecting port is located on the upstream side of the first control valve, and the two connecting ports are connected to each other.

[0011] In some other embodiments of the present invention, the grouting equipment further includes: a second control valve, which is provided between the two communication ports, and the second control valve is used to control the connection and closing between the two communication ports.

[0012] According to some optional embodiments of the present invention, the grouting equipment further comprises: a control box and a pump pressure output assembly, the control box being connected to one end of the protective tube away from the grouting head, the control box having an installation cavity, the installation cavity being communicated with the protective channel, the pump pressure output assembly being arranged in the installation cavity, the number of the pump pressure output assemblies being the same as the number of the grouting tubes and corresponding one to one, the pump pressure output assembly being communicated with the corresponding grouting tubes; wherein the pump pressure output assembly is used to perform pressure control on the slurry input into the corresponding grouting tube, and / or the pump pressure output assembly is used to perform flow rate control on the slurry input into the corresponding grouting tube.

[0013] In some optional embodiments of the present invention, the pump pressure output assembly includes a pump outlet pipe, a liquid storage tank, a liquid pump and a filling pipe, the pump outlet pipe is connected to the corresponding grouting pipe, the liquid pump is connected between the liquid storage tank and the pump outlet pipe, the liquid storage tank is used to store slurry for input into the corresponding grouting pipe, the filling pipe is connected to the liquid storage tank, and the filling pipe extends out of the control box, and is used to input the slurry in the corresponding grouting pipe suitable for being injected into the liquid storage tank from the filling pipe.

[0014] According to the grouting method of the second embodiment of the present invention, grouting is performed using the grouting equipment according to the first embodiment of the present invention, and the grouting method includes: Open grouting holes; confirming the formation parameters around the grouting hole; Identify the type of slurry required for each formation; Confirm the grouting pipe corresponding to each slurry; Confirm the grouting pressure and grouting flow rate required for each formation; inserting the grouting equipment into the grouting hole; In the order of the strata from bottom to top, the slurry is injected into the grouting holes through the corresponding grouting pipes.

[0015] According to the grouting method of the present invention, the above-mentioned grouting equipment is used, so that different types of slurries can be injected into the corresponding geological formations through different grouting pipes, reducing or avoiding the risk of slurries being mixed due to the injection of different types of slurries through the same grouting pipe, and reliably reinforcing the corresponding geological formations, so that the grouting pipes of the grouting equipment do not need to be extracted for cleaning, reducing the operating difficulty of the grouting equipment, reducing the work intensity, effectively improving the construction efficiency, and reducing the construction cost; moreover, in this way, two of the multiple grouting pipes can be connected together to form a heat exchange channel, so that the heat exchange medium can perform heat exchange on the slurry to be ejected from the grouting head through the heat exchange channel, so that the temperature of the slurry ejected from the grouting head is maintained within a preset range, effectively improving the reinforcement effect of the slurry on its corresponding geological formation, improving the reliability of the grouting equipment, and making it unnecessary to set additional temperature control devices for the grouting equipment, so that the overall structure of the grouting equipment is relatively simple, and the overall performance of the grouting equipment is improved.

[0016] According to some embodiments of the present invention, after inserting the grouting equipment into the grouting hole and before injecting the slurry into the grouting hole through the corresponding grouting pipe, the grouting method further includes: Detecting the temperature at the grouting head position; Confirming that the temperature at the grouting head position is within a preset temperature range; The slurry is injected into the grouting holes through the corresponding grouting pipes.

[0017] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the grouting equipment further includes: a first control valve and a second control valve, the number of the first control valves being the same as the number of the grouting pipes and corresponding one to one, the first control valve being used to control the connection and closing between the corresponding grouting pipe and the grouting head; wherein the first control valve is provided on the corresponding grouting pipe, or the first control valve is provided between the corresponding grouting pipe and the grouting head; there are at least three grouting pipes, and the plurality of grouting pipes include two first pipes, both of the two first pipes have a communication port, the communication port being located on the upstream side of the first control valve, and the two communication ports being connected to each other; the second control valve is provided between the two communication ports, and the second control valve is used to control the connection and closing between the two communication ports; Before confirming that the temperature at the grouting head position is within the preset temperature range, when the detected temperature at the grouting head position is not within the preset temperature range, the grouting method further includes: closing the first control valves corresponding to the two first pipes, opening the second control valve, and inputting a heat exchange medium through one of the first pipes to adjust the temperature at the grouting head position to within the preset temperature range.

[0018] According to some optional embodiments of the present invention, the grouting method further comprises: When it is confirmed that one of the strata includes a sand layer and a gravel layer, the strata is determined to be a high-permeability rock layer; Confirming that the grouting flow rate during grouting of the high permeability rock formation is greater than or equal to 0.2 m / s and less than or equal to 0.5 m / s; Confirming that the grouting pressure during grouting of the high permeability rock formation is greater than or equal to 0.2 MPa and less than or equal to 0.8 MPa; Confirming that the type of slurry required for the high permeability rock formation is cement slurry and water glass, or confirming that the type of slurry required for the high permeability rock formation is ultrafine cement slurry; It was confirmed that the grouting method for the high permeability rock formation is: first inject low-viscosity slurry to seal large cracks, and then inject high-viscosity slurry to reinforce the high permeability rock formation.

[0019] According to some optional embodiments of the present invention, the grouting method further comprises: When it is confirmed that one of the strata includes a fractured rock layer and a broken rock, the strata is determined to be a medium permeability rock layer; Confirming that the grouting flow rate during grouting of the medium permeability rock formation is greater than or equal to 0.1 m / s and less than or equal to 0.3 m / s; Confirming that the grouting pressure during grouting of the medium permeability rock formation is greater than or equal to 0.5 MPa and less than or equal to 2.0 MPa; It is confirmed that the type of slurry required for the medium permeability rock formation is one of cement slurry-water glass double liquid slurry, ultrafine cement slurry or polyurethane slurry.

[0020] According to some optional embodiments of the present invention, the grouting method further comprises: When it is confirmed that one of the strata includes clay and mudstone, the strata is determined to be a low-permeability stratum; Confirming that the grouting flow rate during grouting of the low permeability rock formation is greater than or equal to 0.05 m / s and less than or equal to 0.2 m / s; Confirming that the grouting pressure during grouting of the low permeability rock formation is greater than or equal to 2.0 MPa and less than or equal to 7.5 MPa; Confirming that the slurry type required for the low permeability rock formation is cement and ultrafine cement, or confirming that the slurry type required for the low permeability rock formation is one of expansive cement slurry and clay slurry; It is confirmed that the grouting method for the low permeability rock formation is: first inject slurry at a higher grouting pressure to quickly split the low permeability rock formation to improve permeability, and then gradually reduce the pressure to perform permeation grouting.

[0021] According to some optional embodiments of the present invention, the grouting method further comprises: When it is confirmed that the moisture content of one of the strata is within a preset value range, the strata is determined to be a water-rich stratum; Confirming that the grouting flow rate during grouting of the water-rich layer is greater than or equal to 0.1 m / s and less than or equal to 0.3 m / s; Confirm that the grouting pressure during grouting of the water-rich layer is greater than or equal to 1.0 MPa and less than or equal to 2.5 MPa; Confirming that the type of slurry required for the water-rich layer is water glass and cement slurry, or confirming that the type of slurry required for the water-rich layer is polyurethane slurry; It is confirmed that the grouting method for the water-rich layer is: first inject slurry with a faster solidification speed to block the water flow channel, and then inject slurry with better reinforcement performance.

[0022] Additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and, in part, will be obvious from the description which follows, or may be learned by practice of the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and readily understood from the description of the embodiments with reference to the following drawings, in which: Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a grouting apparatus according to some embodiments of the present invention; Figure 2 yes Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a partial structure of the grouting equipment; Figure 3 yes Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the fixed components in; Figure 4 yes Figure 1 Schematic diagram of another part of the structure of the grouting equipment.

[0024] Reference numerals: 100. Grouting equipment; 1. Protective pipe; 11. Protective passage; 2. Grouting head; 4. Control box; 41. Installation cavity; 5. Pump pressure output assembly; 51. Liquid storage tank; 52. Liquid pump; 53. Filling pipe; 54. Pump outlet pipe; 6. Fixing assembly; 61. Sleeve; 611. Fixing cavity; 62. Radial support rod; 63. Elastic member; 64. Driving rod; 641. Rod body; 642. Conical head; 7. Detector; 71. Speed sensor; 72. Pressure sensor; 73. Temperature sensor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] The following describes embodiments of the present invention in detail. Examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals throughout represent the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are intended only to explain the present invention and are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0026] The following describes a grouting device 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0027] Reference Figure 1 、 Figure 2 and Figure 4 The grouting equipment 100 according to the first embodiment of the present invention includes a protective tube 1, a grouting head 2 and a grouting pipe. The protective tube 1 has a protective channel 11, which extends along the axial direction of the protective tube 1. The grouting head 2 is connected to one axial end of the protective tube 1. For example, in the direction away from the protective tube 1, the outer diameter of the grouting head 2 gradually decreases to facilitate the insertion of the grouting head 2 into the grouting hole.

[0028] There are multiple grouting pipes, for example, two, three, four or more. The multiple grouting pipes are all disposed within the protective pipe 1, and each grouting pipe is connected to the grouting head 2. For example, the grouting head 2 has multiple liquid inlets and one liquid outlet. The number of the multiple liquid inlets is the same as the number of the grouting pipes and corresponds one to one. The grouting pipes are connected to their corresponding liquid inlets.

[0029] It should be explained that, in the present invention, a plurality refers to two or more.

[0030] When grouting reinforcement is required for underground structures, grouting holes can be drilled at preset points first, and then scanning sensors can be used to detect the stratum parameters around the grouting holes to confirm the depth and thickness of each geological stratum, and the type of grouting slurry corresponding to each geological stratum. Then, the grouting equipment 100 is inserted into the grouting hole, that is, the grouting head 2 and the protective pipe 1 are inserted into the grouting hole, and the grouting head 2 is inserted into the deepest geological stratum. Then, the slurry corresponding to the geological stratum is injected into the geological stratum through one of the multiple grouting pipes. After the grouting of the geological stratum is completed, the grouting equipment 100 is pulled upward, and the grouting head 2 is pulled into the next geological stratum adjacent to the geological stratum. Then, the slurry corresponding to the next geological stratum is injected into the next geological stratum with another one of the multiple grouting pipes until all geological strata are grouted, completing the grouting reinforcement of the underground structure.

[0031] By setting up multiple grouting pipes to be connected to the grouting head 2, different types of slurries can be injected into the corresponding geological formations through different grouting pipes, reducing or avoiding the risk of slurries being mixed due to different types of slurries being injected through the same grouting pipe, and reliably reinforcing the corresponding geological formations. The grouting pipes of the grouting equipment 100 do not need to be pulled out for cleaning, thereby reducing the operating difficulty of the grouting equipment 100, reducing the work intensity, effectively improving construction efficiency, and reducing construction costs.

[0032] When grouting reinforcement is required for underground structures, if the temperature at a certain geological formation location is not within the preset temperature range, that is, the temperature at a certain geological formation location is greater than the maximum value of the preset temperature range, or the temperature at a certain geological formation location is less than the minimum value of the preset temperature range, two of the multiple grouting pipes can be connected together to form a heat exchange channel, and the two grouting pipes are used as input pipes and return pipes of the heat exchange medium (for example, the heat exchange medium can be gas, and the heat exchange medium can also be liquid), so that the heat exchange medium can perform heat exchange on the slurry to be ejected from the grouting head 2 through the heat exchange channel, thereby realizing the regulation of the temperature at the geological formation location, adjusting the temperature at the geological formation location to the preset temperature range, ensuring that the slurry in the geological formation can flow within the preset viscosity range, ensuring that the slurry in the geological formation can solidify within the preset time, and improving the grouting reinforcement effect.

[0033] In this way, the grouting pipe can be used to provide a heat exchange channel for the heat exchange medium, thereby realizing the control of the temperature at the geological formation location, improving the grouting reinforcement effect, and improving the reliability of the grouting equipment 100, so that the grouting equipment 100 does not need to be equipped with additional temperature control devices, making the overall structure of the grouting equipment 100 more compact, and improving the overall performance of the grouting equipment 100.

[0034] Taking the geological strata at the grouting hole location as an example, the order from deep to shallow is the water-rich layer, mudstone layer, fractured rock layer and gravel layer, the grouting materials corresponding to the water-rich layer can be selected as water glass and cement slurry, the grouting materials corresponding to the mudstone layer can be selected as cement and superfine cement, the grouting materials corresponding to the fractured rock layer can be selected as cement-water glass double liquid slurry, and the grouting materials corresponding to the gravel layer can be selected as cement slurry and water glass. The grouting pipes can be set to six, four of which are set to be used for filling water glass, cement slurry, cement-water glass double liquid slurry and superfine cement slurry respectively, and the other two grouting pipes are set to provide heat exchange channels for heat exchange medium. When grouting reinforcement is carried out on the underground structure, the temperature of the external environment can be controlled by continuously filling the heat exchange medium through the two grouting pipes that constitute the heat exchange channel. After the slurry head 2 is inserted into the water-rich layer, water glass and cement slurry are respectively injected into the water-rich layer through the two grouting pipes used for injecting water glass and cement slurry, so as to quickly seal the water-rich layer; after grouting the water-rich layer is completed, the grouting head 2 is pulled to the mudstone layer, and ultra-fine cement slurry and cement slurry are respectively injected into the water-rich layer through the two grouting pipes used for injecting ultra-fine cement slurry and cement slurry; after grouting the mudstone layer is completed, the grouting head 2 is pulled to the fractured rock layer, and cement-water glass double-liquid slurry is injected into the water-rich layer through the grouting pipe used for injecting cement-water glass double-liquid slurry; after grouting the fractured rock layer is completed, the grouting head 2 is pulled to the gravel layer, and water glass and cement slurry are respectively injected into the gravel layer through the two grouting pipes used for injecting water glass and cement slurry; after grouting the gravel layer is completed, the grouting reinforcement of the geological formation at the grouting hole position is completed.

[0035] According to the grouting equipment 100 of the present invention, by setting up multiple grouting pipes to be connected to the grouting head 2, different types of slurries can be injected into the corresponding geological formations through different grouting pipes, reducing or avoiding the risk of slurries being mixed due to different types of slurries being injected through the same grouting pipe, and reliably reinforcing the corresponding geological formations, so that the grouting pipes of the grouting equipment 100 do not need to be extracted for cleaning, reducing the operating difficulty of the grouting equipment 100, reducing the work intensity, effectively improving the construction efficiency, and reducing the construction cost; moreover, in this way, two of the multiple grouting pipes can be connected together to form a heat exchange channel, so that the heat exchange medium can perform heat exchange on the slurry to be ejected from the grouting head 2 through the heat exchange channel, so that the temperature of the slurry ejected from the grouting head 2 is maintained within a preset range, effectively improving the reinforcement effect of the slurry on its corresponding geological formation, improving the reliability of the grouting equipment 100, and eliminating the need to set additional temperature control devices for the grouting equipment 100, so that the overall structure of the grouting equipment 100 is relatively compact, and the overall performance of the grouting equipment 100 is improved.

[0036] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 4According to some optional embodiments of the present invention, the grouting equipment 100 further includes: a control box 4 and a pump pressure output assembly 5, the control box 4 is connected to the end of the protective tube 1 away from the grouting head 2, the control box 4 has an installation cavity 41, the installation cavity 41 is communicated with the protective channel 11, the pump pressure output assembly 5 is arranged in the installation cavity 41, the number of the pump pressure output assembly 5 is the same as the number of the grouting pipes and corresponds one to one, and the pump pressure output assembly 5 is communicated with the corresponding grouting pipe; wherein, the pump pressure output assembly 5 is used to control the pressure of the slurry input into the corresponding grouting pipe, and / or, the pump pressure output assembly 5 is used to control the flow rate of the slurry input into the corresponding grouting pipe.

[0037] By setting a pump pressure output component 5 for each grouting pipe, it is convenient to control the pressure and flow rate of the slurry in each grouting pipe, so that the slurry in each grouting pipe can be injected into the preset grouting position at a preset pressure, ensuring the penetration range and penetration effect of the slurry, so that the slurry in each grouting pipe can flow out of the grouting head 2 at a preset flow rate, reducing the risk of slurry sound separation due to excessively high flow rate, reducing the risk of rock formation cracks becoming larger due to excessively high flow rate and affecting the grouting reinforcement effect, reducing the risk of slurry backflow due to excessively high flow rate, and reducing The risk of slurry overflowing from the grouting hole due to excessively high flow rate is reduced; the risk of slurry depositing and clogging in the grouting pipe due to excessively slow flow rate, which in turn requires cleaning the grouting pipe and affects the construction efficiency, the risk of slurry not being able to fully fill cracks or pores due to excessively slow flow rate, which ultimately affects the reinforcement effect, the risk of slurry diffusion being limited due to excessively slow flow rate, which ultimately affects the uniformity of construction, improves the reliability of the grouting equipment 100, improves the reliability of the grouting effect, improves the grouting construction efficiency, and reduces the grouting construction cost.

[0038] By arranging the pump pressure output component 5 in the control box 4, the control box 4 can play a certain protective role for the pump pressure output component 5, reduce the risk of the pump pressure output component 5 being damaged by erosion by rain and dust, reduce the risk of the pump pressure output component 5 being damaged by bumps, improve the reliability of the pump pressure output component 5, and extend the service life of the pump pressure output component 5.

[0039] For example, refer to Figure 1 、 Figure 3 and Figure 4The grouting equipment 100 also includes: a fixing assembly 6, the fixing assembly 6 includes a sleeve 61, a radial support rod 62, an elastic member 63 and a driving rod 64, the sleeve 61 is connected between the control box 4 and the protective tube 1 and has a fixing cavity 611, the radial support rod 62 extends along the radial direction of the protective tube 1, and the radial support rod 62 is arranged in the fixing cavity 611, the radial support rod 62 is multiple and is arranged at intervals along the circumference of the sleeve 61, the elastic member 63 is arranged in the fixing cavity 611, the elastic member 63 can be one and is respectively connected to each radial support rod 62, and the number of the elastic members 63 can also be the same as the radial support rod 62. The number of radial support rods 62 is the same and corresponds one to one. Each elastic member 63 is connected between the corresponding radial support rod 62 and the sleeve 61. The elastic member 63 is used to drive the radial support rod 62 to move toward the fixed cavity 611. The driving rod 64 includes a rod body 641 and a conical head 642. The rod body 641 is passed through the control box 4, and the rod body 641 is threadedly matched with the control box 4. The conical head 642 is connected to the rod body 641. The outer diameter of the conical head 642 gradually decreases in the direction away from the rod body 641. The conical head 642 is suitable for stopping one end of all radial support rods 62 extending into the fixed cavity 611.

[0040] In this way, the rod body 641 can be rotated to drive the conical head 642 to move toward the grouting head 2, and the conical head 642 can be used to squeeze the radial support rod 62, driving the radial support rod 62 to move toward the outside of the fixed cavity 611 to support the side wall of the grouting hole, thereby achieving the fixation of the grouting equipment 100; when the grouting equipment 100 needs to be moved, the rod body 641 can be rotated to drive the conical head 642 to move away from the grouting head 2, and the squeezing of the radial support rod 62 by the conical head 642 is released, so that the radial support rod 62 moves toward the fixed cavity 611 under the drive of the elastic member 63, so as to release the connection between the radial support rod 62 and the side wall of the grouting hole, so that the grouting equipment 100 can be pulled out of the grouting hole.

[0041] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 4 In some optional embodiments of the present invention, the pump output assembly 5 includes a pump outlet pipe 54, a liquid storage tank 51, a liquid pump 52, and a filling pipe 53. The pump outlet pipe 54 is connected to the corresponding grouting pipe, and the liquid pump 52 is connected between the liquid storage tank 51 and the corresponding pump outlet pipe 54. By providing the liquid pump 52, the pump output assembly 5 can control the flow rate and pressure of the slurry through the liquid pump 52.

[0042] The liquid storage tank 51 is used to store slurry for input into the corresponding grouting pipe. The filling pipe 53 is connected to the liquid storage tank 51 and extends out of the control box 4. The slurry for input into the corresponding grouting pipe is suitable for being injected into the liquid storage tank 51 through the filling pipe 53. For example, during the construction process, a slurry storage barrel is also provided. The volume of the slurry storage barrel is much larger than the volume of the liquid storage tank 51. There are multiple slurry storage barrels for storing different types of slurry. The filling pipe 53 is suitable for connecting to the slurry storage barrel for storing the corresponding slurry.

[0043] By providing a liquid storage tank 51, the pump output assembly 5 can store a portion of the slurry. When the slurry injection into the filling pipe 53 is interrupted for a period of time, the pump output assembly 5 can use the slurry in the liquid storage tank 51 to continuously grout the predetermined formation, effectively ensuring the continuity of the grouting process. This allows the filling pipe 53 to be separated from the liquid storage tank 51 for a period of time. After the slurry in the external slurry storage barrel is completely extracted, the filling pipe 53 can be removed from the slurry storage barrel and inserted into another slurry storage barrel. This eliminates the need for operators to accurately measure the amount of slurry in the slurry storage barrel before grouting, thereby reducing the workload of operators.

[0044] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 According to some embodiments of the present invention, the grouting equipment 100 further includes: a detector 7, which is provided on the grouting head 2; wherein the detector 7 is used to detect the flow rate of the slurry when it flows out of the grouting head 2, for example, the detector 7 may include a speed sensor 71, specifically, the detector 7 may be a rotary flow sensor, an ultrasonic flow sensor or a differential pressure flow sensor.

[0045] By arranging the detector 7 on the grouting head 2, the terminal flow velocity of the slurry when it flows out of the grouting equipment 100 can be measured more accurately, so that the grouting equipment 100 can measure the flow velocity of the slurry more reliably, and the grouting equipment 100 can reliably control the flow velocity of the slurry within the preset flow velocity range based on the slurry flow velocity monitored by the detector 7, thereby improving the reliability of the grouting equipment 100.

[0046] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 According to some embodiments of the present invention, the grouting device 100 further includes a detector 7, which is provided on the grouting head 2 and is used to detect the pressure of the slurry when it flows out of the grouting head 2. For example, the detector 7 may include a pressure sensor 72. Specifically, the detector 7 may be a strain gauge pressure sensor, a piezoresistive pressure sensor, a capacitive pressure sensor, a piezoelectric pressure sensor, an optical fiber pressure sensor, or a resonant pressure sensor.

[0047] By arranging the detector 7 on the grouting head 2, the pressure of the slurry when it flows out of the grouting equipment 100 can be measured more accurately, so that the pressure measurement result of the slurry by the grouting equipment 100 is more reliable, and the grouting equipment 100 can reliably control the pressure of the slurry within the preset pressure range based on the slurry pressure monitored by the detector 7, thereby improving the reliability of the grouting equipment 100.

[0048] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 According to some embodiments of the present invention, the grouting device 100 further includes: a detector 7 provided on the grouting head 2, the detector 7 being used to detect the temperature of the slurry when it flows out of the grouting head 2. For example, the detector 7 may include a temperature sensor 73, specifically, the detector 7 may be an infrared temperature sensor, a thermocouple temperature sensor, or a thermistor temperature sensor.

[0049] By arranging the detector 7 on the grouting head 2, the ambient temperature at the slurry injection position can be measured more accurately, so that the measurement result of the ambient temperature at the slurry injection position by the grouting equipment 100 is more reliable, so that the grouting equipment 100 can reliably control the ambient temperature at the slurry injection position within a preset temperature range based on the ambient temperature at the slurry injection position monitored by the detector 7, effectively ensuring that the viscosity, fluidity and solidification time of the slurry are all within the preset range, improving the grouting effect, and improving the reliability of the grouting equipment 100.

[0050] According to some other embodiments of the present invention, the grouting equipment 100 also includes: a first control valve, the number of the first control valves is the same as the number of grouting pipes and corresponds one to one, and the first control valve is used to control the connection and closing between the corresponding grouting pipes and the grouting head 2; wherein, the first control valve is arranged on the corresponding grouting pipe, or, the first control valve is arranged between the corresponding grouting pipe and the grouting head 2.

[0051] During the grouting construction process, if only one type of slurry is required, only the first control valve corresponding to one grouting pipe can be opened to connect the grouting pipe with the grouting head 2, and the first control valves corresponding to the other grouting pipes can be closed; if two types of slurries are required, only the first control valves corresponding to two grouting pipes can be opened to connect the two grouting pipes with the grouting head 2 respectively, and the first control valves corresponding to the other grouting pipes can be closed. That is, the number of slurries required by the corresponding geological formation depends on the number of first control valves opened. This can effectively prevent slurry from flowing out of other grouting pipes and affecting the grouting effect of other grouting pipes, and effectively ensure the grouting effect of the grouting equipment 100 on each geological formation.

[0052] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 4In other embodiments of the present invention, there are at least three grouting pipes, and the plurality of grouting pipes includes two first pipes, each of which has a communication port located upstream of the first control valve, and the two communication ports are interconnected. For example, the remaining grouting pipe is a second pipe, which provides a flow channel for the slurry.

[0053] It should be explained that the upstream side in the present invention refers to the side that the slurry passes through first during the flow process.

[0054] When the temperature at a certain geological formation location needs to be regulated, the first control valves of the two first pipes can be closed, and then a heat exchange medium (specifically, the heat exchange medium can be a gas medium such as air, nitrogen, or a liquid medium such as water or oil) is added to one of the first pipes, and the heat exchange medium is sucked out through the other filling pipe 53. When the temperature at the geological formation location reaches a preset range, the slurry corresponding to the geological formation is injected through the second pipe.

[0055] By setting up two first pipes that are interconnected, the grouting equipment 100 can form a heat exchange channel through the connection of the two first pipes, realize the transportation of heat exchange medium, and realize the temperature control of the grouting environment by the grouting equipment 100. It has a simple structure and is easy to use.

[0056] In other embodiments of the present invention, the grouting equipment 100 further includes: a second control valve, which is provided between the two communication ports and is used to control the connection and closing between the two communication ports.

[0057] When the temperature at a certain geological formation location needs to be regulated, the first control valves of the two first pipes can be closed, and the second control valve can be opened to connect the two first pipes. Then, heat exchange medium is added to one of the first pipes (specifically, the heat exchange medium can be a gas medium such as air or nitrogen, or a liquid medium such as water or oil), and the heat exchange medium is sucked out through the other filling pipe 53 to realize the transportation of the heat exchange medium and the control of the temperature.

[0058] When there is no need to regulate the temperature at a certain geological formation location, the two first control valves can be opened and the second control valve can be closed so that the two first pipes can be used as slurry pipes, so that the number of grouting pipes set in the grouting equipment 100 is smaller, and the overall structure of the grouting equipment 100 is simpler, effectively reducing the production cost of the grouting equipment 100.

[0059] According to the grouting method of the second embodiment of the present invention, grouting is performed using the grouting equipment 100 according to the first embodiment of the present invention. The grouting method includes: Open grouting holes; Confirm the formation parameters around the grouting hole; Identify the type of slurry required for each formation; Confirm the grouting pipe corresponding to each slurry; Confirm the grouting pressure and grouting flow rate required for each formation; Insert the grouting equipment 100 into the grouting hole; In the order of the strata from bottom to top, the slurry is injected into the grouting holes through the corresponding grouting pipes.

[0060] Among them, when the formation parameters around the grouting hole are confirmed to be sand layer and gravel layer, the formation is judged to be a high permeability rock layer; when the formation parameters around the grouting hole are confirmed to be fractured rock layer and broken rock, the formation is judged to be a medium permeability rock layer; when the formation parameters around the grouting hole are confirmed to be clay and mudstone, the formation is judged to be a low permeability rock layer; when the formation parameters around the grouting hole are confirmed to have a high water content, the formation is judged to be a water-rich layer.

[0061] When a certain stratum is confirmed to be a high permeability rock stratum, it is confirmed that the grouting material required for the high permeability rock stratum is cement slurry and water glass, or it is confirmed that the grouting material required for the high permeability rock stratum is ultrafine cement slurry, it is confirmed that the grouting flow rate required for the high permeability rock stratum is greater than or equal to 0.2m / s and less than or equal to 0.5m / s, and it is confirmed that the grouting pressure required for grouting the high permeability rock stratum is greater than or equal to 0.2MPa and less than or equal to 0.8MPa.

[0062] When a certain stratum is confirmed to be a medium permeability rock stratum, it is confirmed that the grouting material required for the medium permeability rock stratum is one of cement slurry-water glass double liquid slurry, ultrafine cement slurry or polyurethane slurry, it is confirmed that the grouting flow rate required for the medium permeability rock stratum is greater than or equal to 0.1m / s and less than or equal to 0.3m / s, and it is confirmed that the grouting pressure required for grouting the medium permeability rock stratum is greater than or equal to 0.5MPa and less than or equal to 2.0MPa.

[0063] When a certain stratum is confirmed to be a low-permeability rock stratum, it is confirmed that the grouting materials required for the low-permeability rock stratum are cement and ultrafine cement, or it is confirmed that the grouting materials required for the low-permeability rock stratum are one of expansive cement slurry or clay slurry, it is confirmed that the grouting flow rate required for the low-permeability rock stratum is greater than or equal to 0.05m / s and less than or equal to 0.2m / s, and it is confirmed that the grouting pressure required for grouting the low-permeability rock stratum is greater than or equal to 2.0MPa and less than or equal to 7.5MPa.

[0064] When a certain stratum is confirmed to be a water-rich stratum, it is confirmed that the grouting material required for the water-rich stratum is water glass and cement slurry, or it is confirmed that the grouting material required for the water-rich stratum is polyurethane slurry, it is confirmed that the grouting flow rate required for the water-rich stratum is greater than or equal to 0.1m / s and less than or equal to 0.3m / s, and it is confirmed that the grouting pressure required for grouting the water-rich stratum is greater than or equal to 1.0MPa and less than or equal to 2.5MPa.

[0065] When grouting reinforcement is required for underground structures, grouting holes can be drilled at preset points first, and then scanning sensors can be used to detect the stratum parameters around the grouting holes to confirm the depth and thickness of each geological stratum, the type of grouting slurry corresponding to each geological stratum, and the grouting pressure and grouting flow rate required for grouting each stratum. Then, the grouting equipment 100 is inserted into the grouting hole, that is, the grouting head 2 and the protective pipe 1 are inserted into the grouting hole, and the grouting head 2 is inserted into the deepest geological stratum. Then, the slurry corresponding to the geological stratum is injected into the geological stratum through one of the multiple grouting pipes. After the grouting of the geological stratum is completed, the grouting equipment 100 is pulled upward, and the grouting head 2 is pulled into the next geological stratum adjacent to the geological stratum. Then, the slurry corresponding to the next geological stratum is injected into the next geological stratum with another one of the multiple grouting pipes until all geological strata are grouted, completing the grouting reinforcement of the underground structure.

[0066] In this way, different types of slurries can be injected into corresponding geological formations through different grouting pipes, reducing or avoiding the risk of slurries being mixed due to different types of slurries being injected through the same grouting pipe, reliably reinforcing the corresponding geological formations, and making it unnecessary for the grouting pipes of the grouting equipment 100 to be pulled out for cleaning, thereby reducing the operating difficulty of the grouting equipment 100, reducing the work intensity, effectively improving construction efficiency, and reducing construction costs.

[0067] When grouting reinforcement is required for underground structures, if the temperature at a certain geological stratum location is not within the preset temperature range, that is, the temperature at a certain geological stratum location is greater than the maximum value of the preset temperature range, or the temperature at a certain geological stratum location is less than the minimum value of the preset temperature range, two of the multiple grouting pipes can be connected together to form a heat exchange channel, and the two grouting pipes are used as input pipes and return pipes of the heat exchange medium respectively, so that the heat exchange medium can exchange heat with the slurry to be ejected from the grouting head 2 through the heat exchange channel, thereby realizing the regulation of the temperature at the geological stratum location and adjusting the temperature at the geological stratum location to within the preset temperature range.

[0068] In this way, the grouting pipe can be used to provide a heat exchange channel for the heat exchange medium, thereby realizing the control of the temperature at the geological formation location, improving the grouting reinforcement effect, and improving the reliability of the grouting equipment 100, so that the grouting equipment 100 does not need to be equipped with additional temperature control devices, making the overall structure of the grouting equipment 100 relatively simple, and improving the overall performance of the grouting equipment 100.

[0069] According to the grouting method of the present invention, the above-mentioned grouting equipment 100 is used, so that different types of slurries can be injected into the corresponding geological formations through different grouting pipes, reducing or avoiding the risk of slurries being mixed due to the injection of different types of slurries through the same grouting pipe, and reliably reinforcing the corresponding geological formations, so that the grouting pipes of the grouting equipment 100 do not need to be extracted for cleaning, reducing the operating difficulty of the grouting equipment 100, reducing the work intensity, effectively improving the construction efficiency, and reducing the construction cost; moreover, in this way, two of the multiple grouting pipes can be connected together to form a heat exchange channel, so that the heat exchange medium can perform heat exchange on the slurry to be ejected from the grouting head 2 through the heat exchange channel, so that the temperature of the slurry ejected from the grouting head 2 is maintained within a preset range, effectively improving the reinforcement effect of the slurry on its corresponding geological formation, improving the reliability of the grouting equipment 100, so that the grouting equipment 100 does not need to be equipped with additional temperature control devices, making the overall structure of the grouting equipment 100 relatively simple, and improving the overall performance of the grouting equipment 100.

[0070] According to some embodiments of the present invention, after inserting the grouting device 100 into the grouting hole and before injecting the slurry into the grouting hole through the corresponding grouting pipe, the grouting method further includes: Detecting the temperature at the grouting head 2 position; Confirm that the temperature at the grouting head 2 is within a preset temperature range; for example, the preset temperature range is 5°C-30°C.

[0071] Inject the slurry into the grouting hole through the corresponding grouting pipe.

[0072] When utilizing scanning sensor instrument to detect the formation parameters around grouting hole, scanning sensor instrument can be utilized to monitor the temperature parameter of each layer of stratum. Of course, temperature sensor 73 can also be provided on grouting head 2, after grouting head 2 is inserted into grouting hole, detect the temperature at the position of grouting head 2.

[0073] When the temperature value detected by the temperature sensor 73 is within the preset temperature range, it is determined that the ambient temperature at the position of the grouting head 2 is within the preset temperature range, and it is confirmed that the slurry can be injected into the grouting hole through the corresponding grouting pipe.

[0074] When the temperature value detected by the temperature sensor 73 is greater than the maximum value of the preset temperature range, it is determined that the temperature at the grouting head 2 position is greater than the preset temperature range, and the environment at the grouting head 2 position needs to be cooled. When the ambient temperature at the grouting head 2 position is lowered to within the preset temperature range, it is confirmed that the slurry can be injected into the grouting hole through the corresponding grouting pipe.

[0075] When the temperature value detected by the temperature sensor 73 is lower than the minimum value of the preset temperature range, it is determined that the temperature at the position of the grouting head 2 is lower than the preset temperature range, and the environment at the position of the grouting head 2 needs to be heated. When the ambient temperature at the position of the grouting head 2 is raised to within the preset temperature range, it is confirmed that the slurry can be injected into the grouting hole through the corresponding grouting pipe.

[0076] In this way, the viscosity of the slurry injected into the formation can be maintained within a preset range, the fluidity of the slurry injected into the formation can be maintained within a preset range, the solidification rate of the slurry injected into the formation can be maintained within a preset range, the slurry can be diffused to a preset range, and the reinforcement effect after the slurry solidifies can be better.

[0077] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the grouting equipment 100 further includes: a first control valve and a second control valve, the number of the first control valves being the same as the number of the grouting pipes and corresponding one to one, the first control valve being used to control the connection and closing between the corresponding grouting pipe and the grouting head 2; wherein the first control valve is provided on the corresponding grouting pipe, or the first control valve is provided between the corresponding grouting pipe and the grouting head 2; there are at least three grouting pipes, the plurality of grouting pipes including two first pipes, both of the two first pipes having a communication port, the communication port being located on the upstream side of the first control valve, and the two communication ports being connected to each other; the second control valve being provided between the two communication ports, the second control valve being used to control the connection and closing between the two communication ports; Before confirming that the temperature at the grouting head 2 position is within the preset temperature range, when the detected temperature at the grouting head 2 position is not within the preset temperature range, the grouting method also includes: closing the first control valves corresponding to the two first pipes, opening the second control valve, and inputting heat exchange medium through one of the first pipes to adjust the temperature at the grouting head 2 position to within the preset temperature range.

[0078] When the temperature at a certain geological formation location needs to be regulated, the first control valves of the two first pipes can be closed and the second control valves can be opened. Then, heat exchange medium is added to one of the first pipes and the heat exchange medium is sucked out through the other filling pipe 53. When the temperature at the geological formation location reaches a preset range, the slurry corresponding to the geological formation is injected through the second pipe.

[0079] In this way, the grouting equipment 100 can form a heat exchange channel through the connection of the two first pipes, realize the transportation of heat exchange medium, and make the grouting pipe be used as a heat exchange pipe, so that the grouting equipment 100 can control the temperature of the grouting environment. It has a simple structure and is easy to use.

[0080] When there is no need to regulate the temperature at a certain geological formation location, the two first control valves can be opened and the second control valve can be closed so that the two first pipes can be used as slurry pipes, so that the number of grouting pipes set in the grouting equipment 100 is smaller, and the overall structure of the grouting equipment 100 is simpler, effectively reducing the production cost of the grouting equipment 100.

[0081] According to some optional embodiments of the present invention, the grouting method further comprises: When it is confirmed that one of the strata includes a sand layer and a gravel layer, the stratum is judged to be a high-permeability rock stratum; Confirm that the grouting velocity during grouting in high permeability rock formations is greater than or equal to 0.2 m / s and less than or equal to 0.5 m / s; Confirm that the grouting pressure during grouting of high permeability rock formations is greater than or equal to 0.2 MPa and less than or equal to 0.8 MPa; Confirm that the slurry type required for high permeability rock formations is cement slurry and water glass, or confirm that the slurry type required for high permeability rock formations is ultra-fine cement slurry; The grouting method for confirming high permeability rock formations is: first inject low-viscosity slurry to seal large cracks, and then inject high-viscosity slurry to reinforce the high permeability rock formations.

[0082] When grouting high permeability rock formations, when cement slurry and water glass are selected as the grouting materials, two grouting pipes can be used to inject cement slurry and water glass respectively at the same time, and the ratio between cement slurry and water glass is controlled so that the viscosity of the mixed liquid is within a lower viscosity range. After the first preset time, the ratio between cement slurry and water glass is controlled so that the viscosity of the mixed liquid is within a higher viscosity range until the grouting reinforcement of the high permeability rock formation is completed.

[0083] It should be understood that when ultrafine cement slurry is selected as the grouting material, ultrafine cement slurry with a higher ratio of ultrafine cement to water can be injected through a grouting pipe first. After the first preset time, ultrafine cement slurry with a lower ratio of ultrafine cement to water can be injected through a grouting pipe until the grouting reinforcement of the high permeability rock formation is completed.

[0084] By injecting low-viscosity slurry first and then high-viscosity slurry, in the early stage of grouting of high-permeability rock formations, the low-viscosity slurry can quickly flow to the large cracks in the high-permeability rock formation, block the large cracks in the high-permeability rock formation, reduce slurry loss, and save construction costs; after the large cracks are blocked, the high-viscosity slurry is used to grout the high-permeability rock formation, which can improve the reinforcement effect of the slurry on the high-permeability rock formation.

[0085] According to some optional embodiments of the present invention, the grouting method further comprises: When it is confirmed that one of the strata includes fractured rock and broken rock, the stratum is judged to be a medium permeability stratum; Confirm that the grouting velocity when grouting in medium permeability rock formations is greater than or equal to 0.1m / s and less than or equal to 0.3m / s; Confirm that the grouting pressure during grouting in medium permeability rock formations is greater than or equal to 0.5 MPa and less than or equal to 2.0 MPa; It is confirmed that the type of slurry required for medium permeability rock formation is one of cement slurry-water glass double liquid slurry, ultrafine cement slurry or polyurethane slurry.

[0086] When grouting a medium permeability rock formation, the grouting flow rate and grouting pressure of the slurry can be monitored in real time by the detector 7. When the grouting flow rate is greater than 0.3 m / s, the output power of the liquid pump 52 is reduced, and the grouting flow rate of the slurry is reduced to keep the flow rate of the slurry within the range of 0.1 m / s-0.3 m / s; when the grouting flow rate is less than 0.1 m / s, the output power of the liquid pump 52 is increased, and the grouting flow rate of the slurry is increased to keep the flow rate of the slurry within the range of 0.1 m / s-0.3 m / s; this allows the slurry to diffuse evenly in the medium permeability rock formation.

[0087] When grouting a medium permeability rock formation, the grouting flow rate and grouting pressure of the slurry can be monitored in real time by the detector 7. When the grouting pressure is greater than 2.0 MPa, the output power of the liquid pump 52 is reduced, and the grouting pressure of the slurry is reduced to keep the pressure of the slurry within the range of 0.5 MPa-2.0 MPa; when the grouting pressure is less than 0.5 MPa, the output power of the liquid pump 52 is increased, and the grouting pressure of the slurry is increased to keep the pressure of the slurry within the range of 0.5 MPa-2.0 MPa; this can effectively reduce the risk of slurry backflow and improve the reliability of the grouting process.

[0088] According to some optional embodiments of the present invention, the grouting method further comprises: When it is confirmed that one of the strata includes clay and mudstone, the stratum is judged to be a low-permeability stratum; Confirm that the grouting velocity during grouting of low permeability rock formations is greater than or equal to 0.05 m / s and less than or equal to 0.2 m / s; Confirm that the grouting pressure during grouting of low permeability rock formations is greater than or equal to 2.0 MPa and less than or equal to 7.5 MPa; Confirm that the type of slurry required for the low permeability rock formation is cement and ultrafine cement, or confirm that the type of slurry required for the low permeability rock formation is one of expansive cement slurry and clay slurry; for example, when the selected slurry types are cement and ultrafine cement, two grouting pipes are used to inject cement and ultrafine cement respectively, so that the two slurries are mixed together in the grouting head 2 or the two slurries are mixed together after being ejected from the grouting head 2.

[0089] The grouting method for confirming low permeability rock formations is: first inject slurry at a higher grouting pressure to quickly split the low permeability rock formation to increase permeability, and then gradually reduce the pressure for permeation grouting.

[0090] For example, when grouting a low permeability rock formation, the low permeability rock formation can be grouted first with a grouting pressure of 3.0MPa-7.5MPa and a grouting flow rate of 0.15m / s-0.2m / s. After the third preset time, the grouting pressure and the grouting flow rate can be gradually reduced. Finally, the low permeability rock formation can be grouted with a grouting pressure of 2.0MPa-2.5MPa and a grouting flow rate of 0.05m / s-0.1m / s until the grouting reinforcement of the low permeability rock formation is completed.

[0091] The method of first using a higher pressure to grout the low permeability rock formation and then gradually reducing the pressure to perform infiltration grouting can use the higher pressure slurry to quickly split the low permeability rock formation in the early stage of grouting, thereby improving the permeability of the low permeability rock formation, so that the subsequently injected slurry can more reliably penetrate and expand to the preset range, thereby improving the reinforcement effect of grouting reinforcement on the low permeability rock formation.

[0092] According to some optional embodiments of the present invention, the grouting method further comprises: When it is confirmed that the moisture content of one of the strata is within a preset value range, the stratum is determined to be a water-rich stratum; Confirm that the grouting velocity during grouting of the water-rich layer is greater than or equal to 0.1m / s and less than or equal to 0.3m / s; Confirm that the grouting pressure during grouting of the water-rich layer is greater than or equal to 1.0 MPa and less than or equal to 2.5 MPa; Confirm that the slurry type required for the water-rich layer is water glass and cement slurry, or confirm that the slurry type required for the water-rich layer is polyurethane slurry; The grouting method for confirming the water-rich layer is: first inject slurry with a faster solidification speed to block the water flow channel, and then inject slurry with better reinforcement performance.

[0093] For example, when the selected slurry types are water glass and cement slurry, two grouting pipes are used to inject cement slurry and water glass respectively, so that the two slurries are mixed together in the grouting head 2 or the two slurries are mixed together after spraying out of the grouting head 2. The slurry with a faster solidification speed refers to a mixed slurry in which the volume ratio of water glass and cement slurry in the mixed liquid flowing out of the grouting head 2 is 0.4:1 to 0.7:1; the slurry with better reinforcement performance refers to a mixed slurry in which the ratio of water glass: cement slurry in the mixed liquid flowing out of the grouting head 2 is 0.08:1 to 0.2:1.

[0094] For example, when the selected slurry type is polyurethane slurry, the slurry with a faster solidification speed refers to the polyurethane slurry with a catalyst addition of 0.3%-0.5% and an isocyanate to polyol ratio of 1:1.2. The slurry with better reinforcement performance refers to the polyurethane slurry with a solid content of 85%±2% and an isocyanate to polyol ratio of 1:1.

[0095] When grouting the water-rich layer, when the grouting material is selected as cement slurry + water glass, two grouting pipes can be used to inject cement slurry and water glass respectively at the same time, and the ratio between cement slurry and water glass is controlled so that the solidification speed of the mixed liquid is within the range of lower solidification speed and faster solidification speed. After the third preset time, the ratio between cement slurry and water glass is controlled so that the solidification speed of the mixed liquid is within the range of better reinforcement performance until the grouting reinforcement of the water-rich layer is completed.

[0096] It should be understood that when polyurethane slurry is selected as the grouting material, polyurethane slurry with a faster solidification speed can be injected through a grouting pipe first. After the third preset time, polyurethane slurry with better reinforcement performance can be injected through another grouting pipe until the grouting reinforcement of the water-rich layer is completed.

[0097] The method of first injecting slurry with a faster solidification speed to block the water flow channel and then injecting slurry with better reinforcement performance can make the slurry solidify and block the water flow channel at a faster speed in the early stage of grouting, reduce the influence of moisture in the water-rich layer on the subsequent grouting solidification speed, and reduce the influence of moisture in the water-rich layer on the solidification strength of the subsequent slurry, so that the slurry subsequently injected into the water-rich layer can reliably solidify at a preset solidification speed, and the strength of the slurry subsequently injected into the water-rich layer after solidification is higher, thereby effectively improving the reinforcement effect of grouting reinforcement on the water-rich layer.

[0098] In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used merely to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus comprising a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. In the absence of further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising a ..." does not preclude the presence of additional identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus comprising the element.

[0099] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential" and the like to indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0100] Throughout this specification, reference to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "illustrative embodiments," "examples," "specific examples," or "some examples" means that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in conjunction with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, illustrative uses of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.

[0101] While embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, and that the scope of the invention is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A grouting equipment, characterized in that, include: a protective tube having a protective channel extending along its axial direction; A grouting head connected to one axial end of the protection tube; There are multiple grouting pipes, all of which are passed through the protective pipe, and each of the grouting pipes is connected to the grouting head.

2. The grouting equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that Also includes: A detector, the detector being arranged on the grouting head; Wherein, the detector is used to detect the flow rate of the slurry when it flows out of the grouting head, and / or, the detector is used to detect the pressure of the slurry when it flows out of the grouting head, and / or, the detector is used to detect the temperature of the slurry when it flows out of the grouting head.

3. The grouting equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that Also includes: first control valves, the number of which is the same as the number of the grouting pipes and corresponds one to one, and the first control valves are used to control the connection and closing between the corresponding grouting pipes and the grouting heads; Wherein, the first control valve is arranged on the corresponding grouting pipe, or the first control valve is arranged between the corresponding grouting pipe and the grouting head.

4. The grouting equipment according to claim 3, characterized in that There are at least three grouting pipes, and the multiple grouting pipes include two first pipes. The two first pipes both have a communication port, and the communication port is located on the upstream side of the first control valve. The two communication ports are connected to each other.

5. The grouting equipment according to claim 4, characterized in that: Also includes: A second control valve is provided between the two communication ports, and is used to control the connection and closing between the two communication ports.

6. The grouting equipment according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: Also includes: A control box and a pump pressure output assembly, wherein the control box is connected to one end of the protection tube away from the grouting head, the control box has an installation cavity, the installation cavity is communicated with the protection channel, the pump pressure output assembly is arranged in the installation cavity, the number of the pump pressure output assemblies is the same as the number of the grouting tubes and corresponds one to one, and the pump pressure output assembly is communicated with the corresponding grouting tubes; Wherein, the pump pressure output component is used to control the pressure of the slurry input into the corresponding grouting pipe, and / or, the pump pressure output component is used to control the flow rate of the slurry input into the corresponding grouting pipe.

7. The grouting equipment according to claim 6, characterized in that The pump pressure output assembly includes a pump outlet pipe, a liquid storage tank, a liquid pump and a filling pipe. The pump outlet pipe is connected to the corresponding grouting pipe. The liquid pump is connected between the liquid storage tank and the pump outlet pipe. The liquid storage tank is used to store slurry for input into the corresponding grouting pipe. The filling pipe is connected to the liquid storage tank, and the filling pipe extends out of the control box and is used to input the slurry in the corresponding grouting pipe, which is suitable for being injected into the liquid storage tank from the filling pipe.

8. A grouting method, characterized in that: Grouting is performed using the grouting equipment according to any one of claims 1 to 7, the grouting method comprising: Open grouting holes; confirming the formation parameters around the grouting hole; Identify the type of slurry required for each formation; Confirm the grouting pipe corresponding to each slurry; Confirm the grouting pressure and grouting flow rate required for each formation; inserting the grouting equipment into the grouting hole; In the order of the strata from bottom to top, the slurry is injected into the grouting holes through the corresponding grouting pipes.

9. The grouting method according to claim 8, characterized in that: After inserting the grouting equipment into the grouting hole and before injecting the slurry into the grouting hole through the corresponding grouting pipe, the grouting method further includes: Detecting the temperature at the grouting head position; Confirming that the temperature at the grouting head position is within a preset temperature range; The slurry is injected into the grouting holes through the corresponding grouting pipes.

10. The grouting method according to claim 9, characterized in that: The grouting equipment further includes: a first control valve and a second control valve, the number of the first control valves being the same as the number of the grouting pipes and corresponding one to one, the first control valve being used to control the connection and closing between the corresponding grouting pipe and the grouting head; wherein the first control valve is provided on the corresponding grouting pipe, or the first control valve is provided between the corresponding grouting pipe and the grouting head; there are at least three grouting pipes, and the plurality of grouting pipes include two first pipes, both of the two first pipes have a communication port, the communication port being located on the upstream side of the first control valve, and the two communication ports being connected to each other; the second control valve is provided between the two communication ports, and the second control valve is used to control the connection and closing between the two communication ports; Before confirming that the temperature at the grouting head position is within the preset temperature range, when the detected temperature at the grouting head position is not within the preset temperature range, the grouting method further includes: closing the first control valves corresponding to the two first pipes, opening the second control valve, and inputting a heat exchange medium through one of the first pipes to adjust the temperature at the grouting head position to within the preset temperature range.

11. The grouting method according to claim 8, characterized in that: Also includes: When it is confirmed that one of the strata includes a sand layer and a gravel layer, the strata is determined to be a high-permeability rock layer; Confirming that the grouting flow rate during grouting of the high permeability rock formation is greater than or equal to 0.2 m / s and less than or equal to 0.5 m / s; Confirming that the grouting pressure during grouting of the high permeability rock formation is greater than or equal to 0.2 MPa and less than or equal to 0.8 MPa; Confirming that the type of slurry required for the high permeability rock formation is cement slurry and water glass, or confirming that the type of slurry required for the high permeability rock formation is ultrafine cement slurry; It was confirmed that the grouting method for the high permeability rock formation is: first inject low-viscosity slurry to seal large cracks, and then inject high-viscosity slurry to reinforce the high permeability rock formation.

12. The grouting method according to claim 8, characterized in that: Also includes: When it is confirmed that one of the strata includes a fractured rock layer and a broken rock, the strata is determined to be a medium permeability rock layer; Confirming that the grouting flow rate during grouting of the medium permeability rock formation is greater than or equal to 0.1 m / s and less than or equal to 0.3 m / s; Confirming that the grouting pressure during grouting of the medium permeability rock formation is greater than or equal to 0.5 MPa and less than or equal to 2.0 MPa; It is confirmed that the type of slurry required for the medium permeability rock formation is one of cement-water glass double liquid slurry, ultrafine cement slurry or polyurethane slurry.

13. The grouting method according to claim 8, characterized in that: Also includes: When it is confirmed that one of the strata includes clay and mudstone, the strata is determined to be a low-permeability stratum; Confirming that the grouting flow rate during grouting of the low permeability rock formation is greater than or equal to 0.05 m / s and less than or equal to 0.2 m / s; Confirming that the grouting pressure during grouting of the low permeability rock formation is greater than or equal to 2.0 MPa and less than or equal to 7.5 MPa; Confirming that the slurry type required for the low permeability rock formation is cement and ultrafine cement, or confirming that the slurry type required for the low permeability rock formation is one of expansive cement slurry and clay slurry; It is confirmed that the grouting method for the low permeability rock formation is: first inject slurry at a higher grouting pressure to quickly split the low permeability rock formation to improve permeability, and then gradually reduce the pressure to perform permeation grouting.

14. The grouting method according to claim 8, characterized in that: Also includes: When it is confirmed that the moisture content of one of the strata is within a preset value range, the strata is determined to be a water-rich stratum; Confirming that the grouting flow rate during grouting of the water-rich layer is greater than or equal to 0.1 m / s and less than or equal to 0.3 m / s; Confirm that the grouting pressure during grouting of the water-rich layer is greater than or equal to 1.0 MPa and less than or equal to 2.5 MPa; Confirming that the type of slurry required for the water-rich layer is water glass and cement slurry, or confirming that the type of slurry required for the water-rich layer is polyurethane slurry; It is confirmed that the grouting method for the water-rich layer is: first inject slurry with a faster solidification speed to block the water flow channel, and then inject slurry with better reinforcement performance.

Images