Electrode assembly and high-pressure igniter

Abstract

The present application provides an electrode assembly and a high-pressure igniter, which relate to the field of igniters. The electrode assembly includes a center electrode, an insulating jacket, and a radioactive ceramic jacket. The center electrode has a first end and a second end in its length direction. The insulating jacket and the radioactive ceramic jacket are both sleeved on the outside of the center electrode. The radioactive ceramic jacket is located on the side of the insulating jacket close to the first end, and there is a gap between the radioactive ceramic jacket and the end face where the first end is located; the second end is used for electrical connection to the cable. The design of this electrode assembly can achieve "low-voltage, high-energy" ignition by reducing the discharge voltage requirement, taking into account low energy consumption and high energy output; it can form a longer arc at the same voltage, increase the initial fire core volume, and improve the combustion propagation efficiency; it can also improve high-temperature resistance to meet the needs of repeated ignition in high-temperature environments.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of igniters, and in particular to an electrode assembly and a high-pressure igniter. Background Art

[0002] In high-pressure internal combustion engines (such as turbocharged engines) and rocket combustion chambers, the air pressure usually reaches 5-20 MPa, or even higher. Traditional automotive spark plugs have the following problems in high-pressure environments:

[0003] The demand for discharge voltage has surged: the breakdown voltage is positively correlated with gas pressure. Increased gas density leads to a significant increase in breakdown voltage, making it difficult for traditional automotive spark plugs to stably break down the discharge gap. To break down the gap, the breakdown voltage needs to be increased, which increases energy consumption.

[0004] Limited arc length: The breakdown gap of traditional automotive spark plugs is short under high-pressure operating conditions, resulting in a short arc length, a small initial fire core volume, and low combustion propagation efficiency, which may cause incomplete combustion or detonation.

[0005] In addition, in order to reduce the breakdown voltage and achieve low-voltage, high-energy ignition, a semiconductor igniter was designed. However, the semiconductor igniter is prone to failure in high-temperature environments, resulting in a decrease in ignition capability and ignition failure, making it difficult to meet the repeated ignition requirements of large-scale high-temperature combustion chambers. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The objects of the present invention include, for example, providing an electrode assembly and a high-pressure igniter, which can achieve "low-pressure, high-energy" ignition by reducing the discharge voltage requirement, taking into account both low energy consumption and high energy output; can form a longer arc at the same voltage, increase the initial fire core volume, and improve the combustion propagation efficiency; can also improve high-temperature resistance to meet the needs of repeated ignition in high-temperature environments.

[0007] The embodiments of the present invention can be implemented as follows:

[0008] In a first aspect, the present invention provides an electrode assembly comprising a central electrode, an insulating outer sleeve, and a radioactive ceramic sleeve, wherein:

[0009] The central electrode has a first end and a second end in its length direction. The insulating jacket and the radioactive ceramic jacket are both sleeved on the outside of the central electrode. The radioactive ceramic jacket is located on the side of the insulating jacket close to the first end, and there is a distance between the radioactive ceramic jacket and the end face where the first end is located; the second end is used to be electrically connected to the cable.

[0010] In an optional embodiment, the insulating outer sleeve and the radioactive ceramic sleeve are both sintered on the outer surface of the central electrode.

[0011] In an optional embodiment, the insulating sleeve has a first annular end face in the axial direction of the center electrode, and the radioactive ceramic sleeve has a second annular end face and a third annular end face in the axial direction of the center electrode, the first annular end face is in contact with the second annular end face, and the third annular end face is spaced apart from the end face where the first end is located.

[0012] In an optional embodiment, the center electrode includes an integral center rod and an annular step, wherein the annular step is located at one end of the center rod and protrudes from the outer circumference of the center rod; the end of the annular step away from the center rod is the first end, and the end surface where the first end is located is chamfered; the annular step has a fourth annular end surface connected to the center rod;

[0013] The insulating outer sleeve and the radioactive ceramic sleeve are both sleeved on the outside of the central rod, and the third annular end surface is in contact with the fourth annular end surface.

[0014] In an optional embodiment, the radioactive ceramic sleeve is configured as an actinide metal oxide ceramic sleeve.

[0015] In an optional embodiment, the thickness of the radioactive ceramic sleeve in the axial direction of the central electrode is set to 1 mm-2 mm.

[0016] In an optional embodiment, the electrode assembly further includes an electrode shell, which is sleeved over the insulating outer shell and fixedly connected to the insulating outer shell; the first end extends out of the shell.

[0017] In an optional embodiment, the insulating jacket is configured as an alumina insulating ceramic jacket.

[0018] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a high-pressure igniter, comprising:

[0019] A cathode electrode and an electrode assembly according to any one of the aforementioned embodiments; a throat is provided on the inner circumference of the cathode electrode, the center electrode is passed through the throat, and a discharge gap is provided between the outer circumference of the center electrode and the throat.

[0020] In an optional embodiment, the discharge gap is set to 1.5 mm-2.5 mm.

[0021] The beneficial effects of the embodiments of the present invention include, for example:

[0022] In summary, the electrode assembly provided in this embodiment utilizes an insulating outer jacket and a radioactive ceramic sleeve disposed around the center electrode. The radioactive ceramic sleeve is spaced apart from the first end of the center electrode, leaving a portion of the center electrode directly exposed. During ignition, the radioactive ceramic sleeve utilizes alpha radiation released from the radioactive decay of the sleeve to ionize the air, significantly increasing the concentration of charged particles near the center electrode. This alpha-ray ionization effect reduces the breakdown voltage by 30%-50% in high-pressure environments, enabling a longer arc to be formed at the same voltage (for example, the arc length can be increased by 2-3 times). This achieves both low energy consumption and high energy output, increases the volume of the initial fire core, improves combustion propagation efficiency, and mitigates incomplete combustion or detonation caused by a small initial fire core. Furthermore, the radioactive ceramic sleeve's strong high-temperature resistance enhances the electrode assembly's high-temperature resistance, making it adaptable to high-temperature ignition environments and less susceptible to damage and failure, thus meeting the requirements for repeated ignition in large-scale, high-temperature combustion chambers. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments. It should be understood that the following drawings only illustrate certain embodiments of the present invention and therefore should not be regarded as limiting the scope. For ordinary technicians in this field, other relevant drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0024] Figure 1 is a partial cross-sectional schematic diagram of the electrode assembly of this embodiment;

[0025] Figure 2 is a partially exploded schematic diagram of the electrode assembly of this embodiment;

[0026] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the assembly of the electrode assembly of this embodiment;

[0027] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the assembly of the high-pressure igniter of this embodiment;

[0028] Figure 5 is an exploded schematic diagram of the high-pressure igniter of this embodiment;

[0029] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of a partial cross-section of the high-pressure igniter of this embodiment.

[0030] icon:

[0031] 100-center electrode; 101-first end; 102-second end; 110-center rod; 120-annular step; 121-top surface; 122-bottom surface; 123-chamfer; 200-insulating jacket; 210-first annular end face; 220-tail annular end face; 300-radioactive ceramic sleeve; 310-second annular end face; 320-third annular end face; 400-electrode housing; 410-external thread; 500-cathode electrode; 501-through hole; 510-internal thread; 520-throat; 521-narrowing section; 522-expanding section; 523-discharge gap. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more clear, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Generally, the components of the embodiments of the present invention described and shown in the drawings herein can be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0033] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the invention as claimed, but rather merely represents selected embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments derived by persons of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative effort shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0034] It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters denote similar items in the following drawings, and therefore, once an item is defined in one drawing, it does not need to be further defined or explained in subsequent drawings.

[0035] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that if the terms "upper", "lower", "inside", "outside", etc. appear, the orientation or position relationship indicated is based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, or is the orientation or position relationship in which the product of the invention is usually placed when in use. It is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and does not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, it should not be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0036] In addition, the terms "first", "second", etc., if used, are merely used to distinguish and describe, and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0037] It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the features in the embodiments of the present invention may be combined with each other.

[0038] In the prior art, in a high-pressure environment, such as one with a pressure greater than or equal to 1 MPa, the breakdown voltage required to break down the same discharge gap 523 in an automotive spark plug is high, resulting in high energy consumption. Furthermore, at the same breakdown voltage, the arc length is short, the initial fire core is small, and the combustion propagation efficiency is low. While semiconductor igniters can achieve low-pressure, high-energy ignition, they have weak high-temperature resistance and are prone to failure in high-temperature environments, resulting in reduced ignition capability and ignition failure. This makes it difficult to meet the repeated ignition requirements of large-scale, high-temperature combustion chambers. As such, existing igniters cannot achieve both low-pressure, high-energy ignition and repeated ignition in high-temperature environments.

[0039] In view of this, the designer provides an electrode assembly that can not only meet the requirements of low-pressure high-energy ignition, but also meet the requirements of repeated ignition in high-temperature environments, with a long service life and low operating costs.

[0040] Please refer to Figure 1-Figure 2 This embodiment provides an electrode assembly, including a central electrode 100, an insulating outer jacket 200, and a radioactive ceramic sleeve 300, wherein:

[0041] The center electrode 100 has a first end 101 and a second end 102 in its length direction. The insulating jacket 200 and the radioactive ceramic jacket 300 are both sleeved on the outside of the center electrode 100. The radioactive ceramic jacket 300 is located on the side of the insulating jacket 200 close to the first end 101, and there is a distance between the radioactive ceramic jacket 300 and the end face where the first end 101 is located; the second end 102 is used for electrical connection to the cable.

[0042] Based on the above solution, the electrode assembly of the embodiment of the present application has at least the following advantages:

[0043] By installing an insulating jacket 200 and a radioactive ceramic sleeve 300 outside the center electrode 100, with a gap between the radioactive ceramic sleeve 300 and the first end 101 of the center electrode 100, a portion of the center electrode 100 is directly exposed. During ignition, the design of the radioactive ceramic sleeve 300 utilizes alpha radiation released by the radioactive decay of the radioactive ceramic sleeve 300 to ionize the air, significantly increasing the concentration of charged particles near the center electrode 100. This alpha radiation ionization effect reduces the breakdown voltage by 30%-50% in high-pressure environments, enabling a longer arc (for example, the arc length can be increased by 2-3 times) at the same voltage. This achieves both low energy consumption and high energy output, increases the volume of the initial fire core, improves combustion propagation efficiency, and mitigates incomplete combustion or detonation caused by a small initial fire core. Furthermore, the electrode assembly exhibits strong high-temperature resistance, adapting to high-temperature ignition environments and resisting damage and failure, thus meeting the requirements of repeated ignition in large-scale, high-temperature combustion chambers.

[0044] The following embodiments illustrate the details of the electrode assembly of the present application by way of examples.

[0045] Please refer to Figure 1-Figure 3 In this embodiment, the electrode assembly optionally includes a center electrode 100, an insulating jacket 200, a radioactive ceramic jacket 300, and an electrode housing 400. The insulating jacket 200 and the radioactive ceramic jacket 300 are both sleeved onto the center electrode 100. One end of the center electrode 100 extends out of the radioactive ceramic jacket 300, while the other end of the center electrode 100 is electrically connected to a cable. The electrode housing 400 is fixed to the insulating jacket 200. The electrode housing 400 can be connected to the cathode electrode 500.

[0046] Optionally, the center electrode 100 includes an integrated center rod 110 and an annular step 120. The center rod 110 may be a cylindrical rod, and the annular step 120 may have a circular cross-sectional profile. One end of the center rod 110 is fixedly connected to one end of the annular step 120, and the center rod 110 and the annular step 120 are coaxially arranged. The end of the annular step 120 away from the center rod 110 is a first end 101, and the end of the center rod 110 away from the annular step 120 is a second end 102, which is used for electrical connection to the cable. Furthermore, the end surface edge of the first end 101 is provided with a chamfer 123, which may be an oblique angle, and the angle of the chamfer 123 is α, and the value of α may range from 45° to 60°. For example, the value of α may be 45°, 52.5°, or 60°. In this way, the annular step 120 is roughly a truncated cone structure, that is, the annular step 120 includes a circular top surface 121, a circular bottom surface 122 and a conical surface connected between the top surface 121 and the bottom surface 122, and the bottom surface 122 is connected to the center rod 110.

[0047] The cross section is a plane perpendicular to the axis of the annular step 120 .

[0048] Please refer to Figure 1-Figure 2Optionally, both the insulating jacket 200 and the radioactive ceramic jacket 300 are sleeved over the center rod 110, and the insulating jacket 200 and the radioactive ceramic jacket 300 cooperate to completely cover the outer circumference of the center rod 110. Specifically, the insulating jacket 200 is a circular ring jacket having a first annular end face 210 and a tail annular end face 220 in its axial direction. The tail annular end face 220 is flush with the end face of the second end 102 of the center rod 110. The radioactive ceramic jacket 300 has a second annular end face 310 and a third annular end face 320 in its axial direction. The first annular end face 210 and the second annular end face 310 are in contact with each other, and the third annular end face 320 is in contact with the bottom face 122 of the annular step 120. For ease of description, the area of ​​the bottom face 122 of the annular step 120 that is connected to the center rod 110 and is not occupied by the center rod 110 can be referred to as the fourth annular end face, that is, the third annular end face 320 is in contact with the fourth annular end face. In this way, the insulating sleeve 200 and the annular step 120 cooperate to clamp the radioactive ceramic sleeve 300. The radioactive ceramic sleeve 300 is positioned stably by the insulating sleeve 200 and the annular step 120 and cooperates firmly and reliably with the center rod 110.

[0049] It should be understood that both the insulating jacket 200 and the radioactive ceramic sleeve 300 can be fixedly connected to the center electrode 100 by high-temperature sintering, with high molding quality, firm and reliable connection, suitable for mass production, improved production efficiency and reduced production costs.

[0050] It should be noted that the thickness of the radioactive ceramic sleeve 300 in the axial direction of the center electrode 100 is set to 1 mm to 2 mm. For example, the thickness of the radioactive ceramic body in the axial direction of the center electrode 100 can be set to 1 mm, 1.5 mm, or 2 mm. By properly controlling the thickness of the radioactive ceramic sleeve 300, the breakdown voltage can be reduced under the same gas pressure conditions, and the stability and reliability of the electrode assembly can be improved.

[0051] Optionally, the insulating jacket 200 can be set as an alumina insulating ceramic jacket, etc., which has good insulation performance and strong high temperature resistance.

[0052] Optionally, the radioactive ceramic sleeve 300 can be constructed from an actinide metal oxide ceramic. For example, the radioactive ceramic sleeve 300 can be made of uranium-238 oxide ceramic. The alpha radiation flux of uranium-238 oxide ceramic is approximately 10^3, which complies with ISO-2919-2012 and GB 4075-2009, Appendix A, Radionuclide Toxicity Group C (low toxicity range), eliminating the need for further consideration of toxicity and solubility. Uranium-238 oxide ceramics offer strong high-temperature resistance. Alpha radiation released from the radioactive decay of uranium-238 oxide ceramics ionizes the air, significantly increasing the charged particle concentration near the electrode. Furthermore, the alpha radiation ionization effect reduces the breakdown voltage by 30%-50% in high-pressure environments. This allows for a longer arc (arc length increased by 2-3 times) at the same voltage, increasing the initial fire core volume, improving combustion propagation efficiency, and mitigating incomplete combustion or detonation caused by a small initial fire core volume.

[0053] In this embodiment, the electrode shell 400 is optionally sleeved on the outside of the insulating jacket 200, and the inner wall surface of the electrode shell 400 is fixedly connected to the outer peripheral surface of the insulating jacket 200. The outer peripheral surface of the electrode shell 400 is provided with an external thread 410.

[0054] The electrode assembly provided in this embodiment, under the same high pressure conditions, can reduce breakdown voltage and form a longer arc, achieving both low energy consumption and high energy output. Furthermore, the radioactive ceramic sleeve 300 exhibits strong high-temperature resistance, making the electrode assembly highly resistant to high-temperature ignition environments and less susceptible to damage and failure, thus meeting the requirements of repeated ignition in large-scale, high-temperature combustion chambers.

[0055] Please refer to Figure 4-Figure 6 This embodiment also provides a high-pressure igniter, which is suitable for use in combustion chamber ignition systems in high-pressure environments, such as internal combustion engines, aircraft engines, and rocket engines. The high-pressure igniter includes a cathode electrode 500 and the electrode assembly of the above embodiment. The cathode electrode 500 and the electrode assembly are used in conjunction with each other.

[0056] Optionally, the cathode electrode 500 is provided with a through hole 501, which is generally cylindrical. The inner wall surface of the through hole 501 is provided with an annular throat 520. The cross-sectional profile of the throat 520 is generally circular, and the diameter of the throat 520 first decreases and then increases in the direction of the axis of the through hole 501, so that the throat 520 has a connected constricted section 521 and a flared section 522. In other words, in a set direction, the diameter of the constricted section 521 gradually decreases, and the diameter of the flared section 522 gradually increases. At the same time, a portion of the inner wall surface of the through hole 501 is provided with an internal thread 510. The cross section is a plane perpendicular to the axis of the through hole 501.

[0057] During assembly, the cathode electrode 500 is sleeved onto the exterior of the electrode housing 400, with the internal threads 510 on the cathode electrode 500 threadedly engaged with the external threads 410 on the electrode housing 400. This results in a simple structure and easy assembly. Furthermore, after the cathode electrode 500 and the electrode housing 400 are assembled, the first end 101 of the center electrode 100 is located within the through-hole 501, the annular step 120 of the center electrode 100 is located within the flared section 522, and the chamfer 123 is aligned with the flared section 522. The radioactive ceramic sleeve 300 on the center electrode 100 is located within the constricted section 521, and an annular gap exists between the annular step 120 and the throat 520. With this design, the center electrode 100 is positioned downstream of the throat 520, specifically at the flared section 522 that extends into the throat 520. While airflow in this flared section 522 can pulsate, the flared section 522 of the throat 520 and the chamfer 123 of the annular step 120 work together to reduce airflow pulsation, minimizing flow separation caused by excessive expansion during drastic changes in the pressure ratio, thereby stabilizing discharge. Furthermore, compared to simply forming the center electrode 100 into a conical shape, the design of the annular step 120 ensures that the end surface of the first end 101 of the center electrode 100 has a sufficient top surface 121 area, effectively stabilizing the flow field.

[0058] It should be understood that the angle of the chamfer 123 of the annular step 120 is designed as needed. In this way, the central electrode 100 with different angles and sizes can be replaced according to different pressure usage environments, and the discharge stability can be flexibly adjusted while the size of the throat 520 remains unchanged.

[0059] Optionally, in this embodiment, the connecting line between the narrowing section 521 and the expanding section 522 is a circular closed line. The circular surface enclosed by the circular closed line and the fourth annular end face are located in the same plane. The distance between the edge of the fourth annular end face and the circular closed line is the discharge gap 523. The size of the discharge gap 523 is L, and the value range of L is 1.5 mm-2.5 mm. For example, the value of the discharge gap 523 can be 1.5 mm, 2.0 mm, or 2.5 mm. Because the breakdown voltage required to break through the discharge gap 523 can be reduced under the same high-pressure environment, a larger discharge gap 523 can be broken through, thereby increasing the initial fire core volume, improving the combustion propagation efficiency, and improving the incomplete combustion or detonation caused by the small initial fire core volume.

[0060] For example, at a gas pressure of 1 MPa, the breakdown voltage is reduced from the traditional 30 kV to 15-20 kV, and the ignition energy under high-frequency conditions of internal combustion engines is increased to 50-100 mJ (compared to the traditional 20-30 mJ). Under low-frequency conditions, the ignition energy can be increased from the traditional 12 J to over 24 J.

[0061] Furthermore, in some embodiments, in the axial direction of the through hole 501 , the thickness of the radioactive ceramic sleeve 300 is substantially equal to the length of the contracted section 521 , and the thickness of the annular step 120 is substantially equal to the length of the expanded section 522 .

[0062] The following is a detailed description with reference to the embodiments.

[0063] Example 1

[0064] The present application provides a high-pressure igniter, comprising a cathode electrode 500 and an electrode assembly. The cathode electrode 500 is threadedly engaged with the outer shell of the electrode assembly. The constricted section 521 of the throat 520 of the cathode electrode 500 faces the radioactive ceramic sleeve 300 of the electrode assembly, while the flared section 522 of the throat 520 of the cathode electrode 500 faces the annular step 120 of the electrode assembly. The radioactive ceramic sleeve 300 has an axial thickness of 1.5 mm in the throat 520, and the discharge gap 523 has a size of 2.0 mm.

[0065] Comparative Example 1

[0066] Traditional spark plug, manufactured by Champion, model RN16YC5.

[0067] Comparative Example 2

[0068] Traditional semiconductor igniter, manufactured by Tengyan Combustion Control, model TYZ-1.

[0069] The performances of the high-pressure igniter of this embodiment, the traditional spark plug, and the semiconductor igniter are compared, as shown in the following table.

[0070]

[0071] From the above performance comparison, it can be seen that the high-pressure igniter of the embodiment of the present application takes into account both low pressure and high energy output, and has strong high-temperature resistance, can adapt to high-temperature ignition environment, and is not easy to be damaged or failed, thereby meeting the multiple repeated ignition requirements of large-scale high-temperature combustion chambers.

[0072] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by a person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention should be based on the scope of protection of the claims.

Claims

1. A high pressure igniter, characterized in that: The high pressure igniter comprises: cathode electrode (500) and electrode assembly; The electrode assembly comprises a central electrode (100), an insulating outer jacket (200) and a radioactive ceramic jacket (300), wherein: The central electrode (100) has a first end (101) and a second end (102) in the length direction thereof; the insulating jacket (200) and the radioactive ceramic jacket (300) are both sleeved on the outside of the central electrode (100); the radioactive ceramic jacket (300) is located on a side of the insulating jacket (200) close to the first end (101), and a distance is provided between the radioactive ceramic jacket (300) and the end face where the first end (101) is located; the second end (102) is used for electrical connection with a cable; The inner circumference of the cathode electrode (500) is provided with a throat (520), the central electrode (100) is arranged in the throat (520), and a discharge gap (523) is provided between the outer circumference of the central electrode (100) and the throat (520); The cathode electrode is provided with a through hole, and the inner wall surface of the through hole forms a ring-shaped throat. The diameter of the throat first decreases and then increases in the axial extension direction of the through hole, so that the throat has a connected necking section and a flaring section; in the set direction of the axis of the through hole, the diameter of the necking section gradually decreases, and the diameter of the flaring section gradually increases; the annular step of the center electrode is located in the flaring section; the radioactive ceramic sleeve on the center electrode is located in the necking section, and there is an annular spacing between the annular step and the throat.

2. The high-pressure igniter according to claim 1, characterized in that: The discharge gap (523) is set to 1.5 mm-2.5 mm.

3. The high-pressure igniter according to claim 1, characterized in that: The insulating outer sleeve (200) and the radioactive ceramic sleeve (300) are both sintered on the outer surface of the central electrode (100).

4. The high pressure igniter according to claim 1, characterized in that: The insulating sleeve (200) has a first annular end face (210) in the axial direction of the central electrode (100), and the radioactive ceramic sleeve (300) has a second annular end face (310) and a third annular end face (320) in the axial direction of the central electrode (100), the first annular end face (210) is in contact with the second annular end face (310), and the third annular end face (320) is spaced apart from the end face where the first end (101) is located.

5. The high-pressure igniter according to claim 4, characterized in that: The center electrode (100) comprises an integrated center rod (110) and an annular step (120), wherein the annular step (120) is located at one end of the center rod (110) and protrudes from the outer peripheral surface of the center rod (110); the end of the annular step (120) away from the center rod (110) is the first end (101), and the end surface where the first end (101) is located is provided with a chamfer (123); the annular step (120) has a fourth annular end surface connected to the center rod (110); The insulating outer sleeve (200) and the radioactive ceramic sleeve (300) are both sleeved outside the central rod (110), and the third annular end surface (320) is in contact with the fourth annular end surface.

6. The high-pressure igniter according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The radioactive ceramic sleeve (300) is configured as an actinide metal oxide ceramic sleeve.

7. The high-pressure igniter according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The thickness of the radioactive ceramic sleeve (300) in the axial direction of the central electrode (100) is set to 1 mm to 2 mm.

8. The high-pressure igniter according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The electrode assembly further comprises an electrode shell (400), wherein the electrode shell (400) is sleeved on the outside of the insulating outer shell (200) and is fixedly connected to the insulating outer shell (200); the first end (101) extends out of the electrode shell (400).

9. The high-pressure igniter according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The insulating outer sleeve (200) is configured as an alumina insulating ceramic sleeve.

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