Positioning and navigation method and system for outdoor equipment in photovoltaic field area

Abstract

The invention discloses a positioning and navigation method and system for outdoor equipment in a photovoltaic field area, and belongs to the technical field of photovoltaic power generation. The existing photovoltaic field area outdoor equipment positioning navigation has the problems that the equipment state cannot be monitored in real time, the route planning is unreasonable, the navigation is inflexible, the communication mode is single and consistent, the data transmission is unstable and the like, and the operation and maintenance efficiency is influenced. The physical state of equipment is monitored in real time by means of various sensors, and a fault signal is generated when the equipment is abnormal; the positioning navigation unit receives the signal to obtain the position of the fault equipment; according to the network environment of the photovoltaic field area, data are transmitted in communication modes of 4G / 5G, WIFI, wired and the like; the information processing unit receives the analysis data and feeds back key information; the path planning unit is combined with a GIS map and real-time traffic, and an optimal path is planned by using an intelligent algorithm; the linkage navigation unit is used for carrying out real-time navigation and dynamic adjustment on operation and maintenance personnel; the management background displays information in real time, remotely monitors and statistically analyzes historical fault data, improves the operation and maintenance efficiency, and guarantees the stable operation of a photovoltaic field area.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of photovoltaic power generation, and in particular to a positioning and navigation method and system for outdoor equipment in a photovoltaic field. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of the photovoltaic industry, the scale of photovoltaic fields continues to expand, and the number of outdoor photovoltaic equipment is also increasing. Effective positioning and navigation of these devices to facilitate timely operation, maintenance, and management has become a key issue in ensuring the stable operation of photovoltaic fields.

[0003] Currently, several technologies and systems exist on the market for positioning and navigation of outdoor equipment in photovoltaic fields. For example, traditional positioning and navigation systems primarily rely on the Global Positioning System (GPS) to obtain device location information and transmit this information to management backends via communication modules. However, these systems have some practical challenges.

[0004] On the one hand, existing positioning and navigation systems often only provide device location information and lack real-time monitoring of the device's physical condition. In photovoltaic fields, the physical condition of equipment (such as vibration, tilt, displacement, current, voltage, temperature, etc.) is crucial for timely detection of equipment failures. Due to the lack of effective monitoring methods, operations and maintenance personnel often cannot timely understand the operating status of equipment. Problems are only discovered when equipment exhibits obvious failures or downtime. This prolongs troubleshooting time and affects the power generation efficiency of photovoltaic fields.

[0005] On the other hand, existing positioning and navigation systems have shortcomings in route planning and navigation guidance. They usually simply provide a route from the starting point to the end point, without considering the actual geographical environment of the photovoltaic field, real-time traffic conditions, and the specific needs of operation and maintenance personnel. For example, in a large photovoltaic field, there may be multiple maintenance tasks being carried out simultaneously. The existing system is unable to coordinate the route planning of different maintenance tasks, which can easily lead to traffic congestion and low operation and maintenance efficiency. In addition, if the operation and maintenance personnel encounter road closures or emergencies on the way to the faulty equipment, the existing system cannot adjust the route in time, making it impossible for the operation and maintenance personnel to reach the fault site quickly and accurately.

[0006] Furthermore, some existing positioning and navigation systems rely on a single communication method. In areas with poor network coverage, data transmission stability and reliability cannot be guaranteed, impacting overall system performance. Furthermore, management backend functionality is relatively simple, often limited to basic device location display. It lacks real-time display of device fault information, historical data statistical analysis, and remote control and management capabilities. This hinders operations and maintenance personnel from fully understanding the operational status of the PV plant and fails to provide robust data support for operational decision-making.

[0007] For example, CN114199230A discloses a method for geographical location navigation of photovoltaic power generation components. This method mainly uses an information collection device carried by an unmanned aerial vehicle to collect geographical images of the photovoltaic field, and generates a high-definition orthographic image of the field through modeling software, and then plans the route of the photovoltaic component equipment in the mobile terminal to achieve positioning and navigation.

[0008] Although patent application CN114199230A provides a method for navigating the geographic location of a photovoltaic power generation component, in actual application, this method still has the following defects and deficiencies: Insufficient environmental adaptability: In complex terrain areas such as mountains and hills, due to weak communication signals, the drone information collection module may not be able to communicate stably with the mobile terminal or server, resulting in data transmission interruption or delay, affecting the accuracy and real-time performance of navigation.

[0009] Image processing efficiency: The amount of geographic image data collected by drones is large and the processing time is long. Especially in large-scale photovoltaic fields, the generation of high-definition orthographic images and the calculation of planned routes may take a long time, affecting operation and maintenance efficiency.

[0010] Navigation accuracy and flexibility: Although CN114199230A provides a navigation method based on latitude and longitude, the accuracy and reliability of traditional navigation methods (such as GPS) may be affected under complex terrain or electromagnetic environment interference. In particular, in photovoltaic fields with complex electromagnetic environments, navigation accuracy may be further reduced.

[0011] Lack of real-time monitoring and alarm: Existing technologies mainly focus on the realization of navigation functions, but lack real-time monitoring and alarm functions for the physical status of photovoltaic power generation components.

[0012] Once a component fails or is damaged, it is difficult for operation and maintenance personnel to find out in time, resulting in delayed fault handling.

[0013] Map data update: The geographical environment and equipment layout of the photovoltaic field may change over time, and the high-definition orthographic maps and equipment information database in existing technologies may not be updated in a timely manner, resulting in inaccurate navigation information.

[0014] Insufficient multi-source data fusion: Existing technologies mainly rely on geographic images collected by drones and the latitude and longitude information of the equipment. However, in actual applications, it may be necessary to integrate more types of data (such as real-time weather data, traffic conditions, etc.) to improve navigation accuracy and efficiency.

[0015] In summary, existing positioning and navigation technologies for outdoor photovoltaic equipment present numerous practical challenges and are unable to meet the demands for efficient operation, maintenance, and management of photovoltaic farms. Therefore, developing a positioning and navigation system that can monitor the physical status of equipment in real time, provide precise route planning and navigation guidance, and incorporate multiple communication methods and a powerful management backend is of great practical significance. Summary of the Invention

[0016] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a positioning and navigation method and system for outdoor equipment in photovoltaic fields, which addresses the existing technical deficiencies in the positioning and navigation technology for outdoor equipment in photovoltaic fields. Specifically, the existing technology for positioning and navigation of outdoor equipment in photovoltaic fields suffers from problems such as a lack of real-time monitoring of the physical status of the equipment, unreasonable route planning, inflexible navigation guidance, and a single communication method. These problems are manifested in the inability to promptly detect equipment failures, resulting in extended troubleshooting time; the inability to plan optimal routes based on the actual geographical environment of the photovoltaic field, real-time traffic conditions, and the needs of operation and maintenance personnel; the inability to dynamically adjust the navigation route in the event of an emergency; and the specific limitations of unstable data transmission in areas with poor network coverage.

[0017] In order to achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: A method for positioning and navigating outdoor equipment in a photovoltaic field area comprises the following steps: Physical status monitoring: Use multiple sensors to monitor the physical status of photovoltaic outdoor equipment. The sensors include at least one of vibration sensors, tilt sensors, displacement sensors, current sensors, voltage sensors, and temperature sensors. If abnormal equipment parameters are detected, a fault signal is generated. Position acquisition: The location information of the faulty device is obtained through the positioning and navigation unit. The satellite positioning signal is a GPS signal or a Beidou system signal; Data transmission: Based on the network environment of the photovoltaic field, select 4G / 5G, WIFI, wired and other communication methods to transmit fault signals and location information to the information processing unit; the communication module can automatically select the optimal communication method for data transmission based on the preset priority and network conditions; Information processing: The information processing unit receives and analyzes data, extracts the location information and fault type of the faulty equipment, records and archives the fault information, and feeds the processed information back to the path planning unit in real time; Route planning: The path planning unit combines GIS map data and real-time traffic conditions to plan the best route using an intelligent algorithm, such as a genetic algorithm or an ant colony algorithm. Navigation guidance: The linked navigation unit transmits route information to the mobile terminal, providing real-time navigation and continuously monitoring the real-time location and traffic conditions of the operation and maintenance personnel as they travel to the faulty equipment, dynamically adjusting the route. Management Analysis: The management backend displays the equipment status information, fault information, location information and navigation routes of the photovoltaic field in real time, supports remote monitoring, and performs statistical analysis of historical fault data.

[0018] A positioning and navigation system for outdoor equipment in a photovoltaic field, comprising: The sensing alarm unit includes several sensors for real-time monitoring of changes in the physical state of photovoltaic outdoor equipment. When abnormal equipment parameters are detected, it is determined that the equipment may have a fault and a fault signal is immediately issued; the sensors include at least one of a vibration sensor, a tilt sensor, a displacement sensor, a current sensor, a voltage sensor, and a temperature sensor.

[0019] The positioning and navigation unit is used to receive satellite positioning signals and obtain the geographical coordinates of the faulty equipment; the satellite positioning signals are GPS signals or Beidou system signals.

[0020] The communication module supports multiple communication methods such as 4G / 5G, WIFI, and wired, and is used to transmit fault signals and the location information of faulty equipment according to the network environment of the photovoltaic field. The communication module can automatically select the optimal communication method for data transmission based on the preset priority and network conditions.

[0021] The information processing unit is used to receive and process fault signals and location information, extract the location information and fault type of the faulty device, record and archive the fault information, and feed the processed information back to the path planning unit in real time; The path planning unit is used to plan the best route to the faulty device based on the location information of the faulty device, combined with the photovoltaic field map data obtained by geographic information system (GIS) technology and real-time traffic conditions, using an intelligent algorithm; the intelligent algorithm is a genetic algorithm or an ant colony algorithm.

[0022] The linked navigation unit transmits the planned optimal route information to the operator's mobile terminal, providing real-time navigation guidance. It also continuously monitors the operator's real-time location and traffic conditions as they travel to the faulty equipment, dynamically adjusting the navigation route based on actual conditions. The management backend is used to display the equipment status information, fault information, location information and navigation routes of the photovoltaic field in real time, support remote monitoring and management, and collect and analyze historical fault data to provide a data basis for the operation and maintenance decision-making of the photovoltaic power station.

[0023] In addition, the system also includes a data storage unit for recording and archiving fault information for subsequent query and analysis of the equipment's fault history.

[0024] The present invention provides a method and system for positioning and navigating outdoor equipment in a photovoltaic field, which has the following beneficial effects: 1. The present invention integrates multiple high-precision sensors such as vibration, tilt, displacement, current, voltage, and temperature to achieve all-round and multi-dimensional monitoring of the physical status of photovoltaic outdoor equipment. Compared with the traditional monitoring method of a single or a few sensors, it can more comprehensively capture changes in equipment status, timely detect equipment failures, improve the accuracy and timeliness of fault detection, ensure the safe and stable operation of the equipment, and solve the problem that the existing technology lacks real-time monitoring of the physical status of the equipment, resulting in difficulty in timely detection of faults and prolonged processing time.

[0025] 2. The communication module of the present invention supports multiple communication modes such as 4G / 5G, WIFI, and wired, and automatically selects the optimal communication mode for data transmission according to preset priority and network conditions. It adapts to complex and changeable network environments, effectively ensures the stability and efficiency of data transmission, and solves the problems of the existing technology such as single communication mode, poor data transmission stability when network coverage is poor, and affecting operation and maintenance efficiency.

[0026] 3. The path planning unit of the present invention combines GIS map data containing photovoltaic field road information, equipment distribution information and building information with real-time traffic conditions, and uses intelligent algorithms such as genetic algorithms or ant colony algorithms to plan the optimal route. During the navigation process, it dynamically adjusts according to real-time traffic information, thereby improving the flexibility and efficiency of navigation, ensuring that maintenance personnel can quickly and accurately reach the location of the faulty equipment, and solving the problems of unreasonable route planning in existing technologies, the inability to flexibly plan the optimal route according to the actual geographical environment, real-time traffic conditions and the needs of operation and maintenance personnel, and the lack of real-time adjustment capabilities of navigation guidance, which cannot respond quickly to emergencies.

[0027] 4. The management background of the present invention displays the equipment status information, fault information, location information and navigation route of the photovoltaic field in real time, supports remote monitoring, and can also perform statistical analysis on historical fault data to provide decision support for operation and maintenance management, helping operation and maintenance personnel to better understand the equipment operation status and optimize operation and maintenance strategies, thereby solving the problem that the management background functions of existing technologies are relatively simple, often only able to display basic equipment locations, and cannot meet the efficient operation and management needs of photovoltaic fields.

[0028] 5. The present invention sets up a data storage unit using a large-capacity disk array and having a data redundancy backup function, which is used to record and archive fault information, ensure the long-term preservation and traceability of fault information, and provide strong support for subsequent fault analysis and prevention.

[0029] 6. The present invention adopts high-precision Beidou receivers or GPS receivers for positioning, combined with GIS technology and intelligent algorithms, to achieve high-precision positioning and navigation of photovoltaic outdoor equipment, effectively solving the problems of insufficient positioning accuracy and lack of map data in traditional GPS positioning systems in photovoltaic field applications, significantly improving operation and maintenance efficiency and reducing maintenance response time.

[0030] 7. The linkage navigation unit of the present invention seamlessly links with the mobile phone navigation software to provide maintenance personnel with accurate and efficient navigation guidance, significantly shortening the maintenance response time and improving operation and maintenance efficiency.

[0031] 8. The system of the present invention has high scalability and compatibility, and can be seamlessly connected with various mobile phone navigation software, further improving the practicality and flexibility of the system.

[0032] 9. The present invention effectively overcomes the defects of existing technologies through a series of innovative technical means, significantly improves operation and maintenance efficiency and management level, and provides solid technical guarantee for the stable operation of photovoltaic fields. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0033] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments: Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of navigation systems 3, 4, and 5 according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 FIG. 6 is a structural diagram of a navigation system 6 according to an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] The technical solutions of the present invention are further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments: Example 1 In a large photovoltaic field, a method for positioning and navigating outdoor equipment in a photovoltaic field according to the present invention is used. The specific steps are as follows: Step 1: Physical status monitoring Various sensors are installed on outdoor photovoltaic equipment, including vibration sensors, temperature sensors, and current sensors. The vibration sensor monitors the equipment's vibration, the temperature sensor measures the equipment's temperature in real time, and the current sensor monitors the equipment's current. These sensors operate continuously, transmitting the collected physical parameters to the sensor alarm unit in real time. If the temperature sensor on a photovoltaic panel detects a temperature exceeding the set normal threshold, the sensor alarm unit determines that the equipment may be faulty and immediately generates a fault signal.

[0035] Step 2: Get location The positioning and navigation unit receives signals from the BeiDou system to obtain the geographic coordinates of the faulty photovoltaic panel. The BeiDou system provides high-precision positioning information, ensuring the acquired location is accurate.

[0036] Step 3: Data Transfer The communication module automatically selects 4G (Fourth Generation) communication for data transmission based on the PV field's network environment. Due to the good 4G signal coverage in the area, fault signals and the location of the faulty device can be quickly and reliably transmitted to the information processing unit.

[0037] Step 4: Information Processing After receiving the fault signal and location information, the information processing unit analyzes the data, extracting the location of the faulty device as longitude and latitude coordinates. Based on the fault signal, it also determines the fault type as a temperature anomaly. The information processing unit records and archives this information and provides real-time feedback to the path planning unit.

[0038] Step 5: Route Planning The path planning unit uses a genetic algorithm to plan the optimal route, combining GIS (Geographic Information System) map data with real-time traffic conditions. The GIS map data includes road information and equipment distribution within the photovoltaic field, while real-time traffic conditions are obtained through communication with on-site traffic monitoring equipment. The genetic algorithm continuously optimizes the route by encoding, selecting, crossing, and mutating different routes, ultimately determining the shortest and optimal route from the operator's current location to the faulty photovoltaic panel, avoiding congestion.

[0039] Step 6: Navigation Guide The linked navigation unit transmits the planned optimal route information to the operator's mobile phone. The navigation app on the phone receives this route information and provides real-time navigation guidance. As the operator approaches the faulty equipment, the linked navigation unit continuously monitors their real-time location and traffic conditions. If traffic is congested due to road construction ahead, the linked navigation unit dynamically adjusts the navigation route based on real-time traffic information, guiding the operator to another clear route.

[0040] Step 7: Management Analysis The management backend displays real-time equipment status information for the photovoltaic power plant, including the status of normal and faulty equipment, the location of faulty photovoltaic panels, and the real-time location and navigation routes of maintenance personnel. Operations and maintenance managers can use the backend to remotely monitor and gain timely insights into the operational status of equipment within the plant. The backend also compiles and analyzes historical fault data, such as fault frequency and fault type distribution within different time periods, providing a data basis for operational decisions at the photovoltaic power plant.

[0041] Example 2 In another preferred embodiment, based on Example 1, this embodiment provides another embodiment of a method for positioning and navigating outdoor equipment in a photovoltaic field in a small photovoltaic field using the present invention. The specific steps are as follows: Step 1: Physical status monitoring Install tilt sensors and voltage sensors on outdoor photovoltaic equipment. The tilt sensor monitors the equipment's tilt angle, while the voltage sensor measures the equipment's voltage in real time. If the tilt sensor on an inverter detects that the equipment's tilt angle exceeds a set safety threshold, the sensor alarm unit determines that the equipment may be faulty and immediately generates a fault signal.

[0042] Step 2: Get location The positioning and navigation unit receives GPS signals to obtain the geographic coordinates of the faulty inverter. GPS signals have good coverage in the area and can quickly and accurately determine the location of the device.

[0043] Step 3: Data Transfer The communication module selects Wi-Fi for data transmission based on the network environment of the photovoltaic field. Since the area has stable Wi-Fi coverage, it can meet the data transmission requirements and transmit the fault signal and the location of the faulty device to the information processing unit.

[0044] Step 4: Information Processing After receiving the data, the information processing unit analyzes the location of the faulty device and determines the fault type as a tilt anomaly. The fault information is recorded and archived, and then fed back to the path planning unit.

[0045] Step 5: Route Planning The path planning unit combines GIS map data with real-time traffic conditions and uses an ant colony algorithm to plan the optimal route. The ant colony algorithm simulates the foraging behavior of ants, using the accumulation and evaporation of pheromones to find the optimal route. Combining GIS map data with real-time traffic conditions, it plans the optimal route from the operator's current location to the faulty inverter.

[0046] Step 6: Navigation Guide The linked navigation unit transmits route information to the operator's tablet computer. The navigation app on the tablet provides real-time navigation guidance. If a sudden traffic accident causes a road closure while the operator is on their way to the faulty equipment, the linked navigation unit dynamically adjusts the route based on real-time traffic information to guide the operator around.

[0047] Step 7: Management Analysis The management backend displays real-time device status information, fault information, location information, and navigation routes. Operations and maintenance managers can conduct remote monitoring through the backend. Historical fault data is also collected and analyzed, such as seasonal patterns of faults, to inform equipment maintenance and replacement.

[0048] Example 3 In another preferred embodiment, Figure 1 As shown, based on Examples 1 and 2, this embodiment provides a positioning and navigation system for outdoor equipment in a photovoltaic field. The system integrates multiple functional modules such as sensor alarm, positioning and navigation, communication module, information processing, path planning, linked navigation, management background, and data storage unit, achieving comprehensive monitoring, precise positioning, and efficient navigation of outdoor equipment in the photovoltaic field. A positioning and navigation system for outdoor equipment in the photovoltaic field according to the present invention is currently being constructed in a large photovoltaic field, specifically as follows: 1. Sensor alarm Various sensors, including vibration, tilt, displacement, current, voltage, and temperature sensors, are installed on various outdoor devices within the photovoltaic field. These sensors are connected to the sensor alarm unit via wired or wireless connections. The sensor alarm unit, equipped with data acquisition and analysis capabilities, receives and processes sensor data in real time. If an abnormal device parameter is detected, it identifies a possible fault and immediately issues a fault signal.

[0049] 2. Positioning and navigation unit: The positioning and navigation unit uses a high-precision Beidou receiver, capable of receiving Beidou system signals and obtaining the geographic coordinates of the faulty equipment. Beidou receivers offer strong anti-interference capabilities and high positioning accuracy, meeting the requirements for locating equipment in photovoltaic fields.

[0050] 3. Communication module: The communication module supports multiple communication methods, including 4G / 5G (Fifth Generation), Wi-Fi (Wireless Fidelity), and wired networks. Within the photovoltaic field, it automatically selects the optimal communication method based on the network environment in each area. For example, in areas with 4G coverage, 4G communication is preferred for data transmission; in areas with a stable Wi-Fi signal, Wi-Fi is selected. The communication module also features data encryption to ensure data transmission security.

[0051] 4. Information processing unit The information processing unit utilizes a high-performance server with robust data processing capabilities. The server receives fault signals and location information transmitted by the communication module and parses, stores, and analyzes the data. It extracts the location and fault type of the faulty device, records and archives the fault information, and feeds the processed information back to the route planning unit in real time.

[0052] 5. Path planning unit The route planning unit utilizes a professional GIS server and intelligent algorithm software. The GIS server stores detailed map data of the PV field, including information on roads, equipment distribution, and buildings. The intelligent algorithm software uses genetic algorithms or ant colony algorithms, combined with GIS map data and real-time traffic conditions, to plan the optimal route to the faulty equipment.

[0053] 6. Linked navigation unit The linked navigation unit connects to the operator's mobile device (such as a phone or tablet) via Bluetooth or Wi-Fi. The optimal route planned by the route planning unit is transmitted to the mobile device's navigation application. As the operator travels to the faulty equipment, the system continuously monitors their real-time location and traffic conditions, dynamically adjusting the navigation route based on the actual situation.

[0054] 7. Management Backend The management backend uses a graphical interface and is installed on a computer in the monitoring center. It connects to the information processing unit, route planning unit, and linked navigation unit to display real-time information on device status, fault information, location information, and navigation routes within the photovoltaic field. Remote monitoring and management are supported, allowing operations and maintenance managers to remotely operate equipment through the backend, such as viewing detailed device information and setting sensor parameters. The backend also compiles and analyzes historical fault data, providing a data basis for operational and maintenance decisions within the photovoltaic power station.

[0055] 8. Data storage unit The data storage unit uses a large-capacity disk array to record and archive fault information. The disk array features data redundancy and backup, ensuring data security and reliability. Operations and maintenance personnel can query and analyze device fault history at any time through the management backend.

[0056] Example 4 In another preferred embodiment, Figure 1 As shown, based on Example 3, this embodiment constructs a positioning and navigation system for outdoor equipment in a photovoltaic field of the present invention in another small photovoltaic field, specifically as follows: 1. Sensor alarm unit Vibration and temperature sensors are installed on outdoor equipment in the photovoltaic field. These sensors are wirelessly connected to a sensor alarm unit. The sensor alarm unit uses a single-chip microcomputer as its core processor and has simple data acquisition and analysis capabilities. When abnormal equipment parameters are detected, a fault signal is issued.

[0057] 2. Positioning and navigation unit The positioning and navigation unit uses a GPS receiver to receive GPS signals and obtain the geographic coordinates of the faulty equipment. GPS receivers are relatively inexpensive and can meet the positioning needs of small photovoltaic plants.

[0058] 3. Communication module The communication module supports both Wi-Fi and wired communication. Within the photovoltaic field, the communication method is selected based on the network environment. If there is a stable Wi-Fi signal within the field, Wi-Fi communication is selected for data transmission; otherwise, wired communication is used.

[0059] 4. Information processing unit The information processing unit uses a standard computer with data processing software installed. The computer receives data transmitted by the communication module, parses and processes the data, extracts the location information and fault type of the faulty device, records and archives the fault information, and feeds it back to the path planning unit.

[0060] 5. Path planning unit The route planning unit uses open-source GIS software and a simple intelligent algorithm. The GIS software stores basic map data of the photovoltaic field. The intelligent algorithm combines this map data with real-time traffic conditions (obtained through manual input or simple traffic monitoring equipment) to plan the optimal route.

[0061] 6. Linked navigation unit The linked navigation unit connects to the operator's phone via Bluetooth, transmitting the planned route information to the phone's navigation app. If the operator encounters road changes while traveling to the faulty equipment, they can manually adjust the navigation route via their phone.

[0062] 7. Management Backend The management backend uses a simple web interface and is installed on a computer. It connects to the information processing unit, route planning unit, and linked navigation unit to display real-time device status, fault information, location information, and navigation routes. It also supports basic remote monitoring capabilities, allowing operations and maintenance managers to view device information through the backend.

[0063] 8. Data storage unit The data storage unit uses a computer's hard drive to record and archive fault information. Operation and maintenance personnel can query the device's fault history through the management background.

[0064] Example 5 In another preferred embodiment, Figure 1 As shown, building on Examples 3 and 4, this embodiment provides a positioning and navigation system for outdoor equipment in a photovoltaic field. This system aims to achieve real-time monitoring, precise positioning, and efficient navigation of photovoltaic array equipment faults through advanced monitoring, communication, data processing, and navigation technologies, thereby improving the operational efficiency and management level of photovoltaic power plants. The system primarily consists of a photovoltaic array, a sensor alarm unit, a positioning and navigation unit, a communication module, an information processing unit, a path planning unit, a linkage navigation unit, and a management backend.

[0065] 1. System composition 1. Photovoltaic array As the core power generation unit of a photovoltaic power station, a photovoltaic array is composed of a large number of photovoltaic panels. During actual operation, equipment failures may occur due to environmental factors, equipment aging, and other factors. These failures can affect the power generation efficiency of the photovoltaic array and require timely investigation and repair.

[0066] 2. Sensor alarm unit Various sensors, such as current sensors, voltage sensors, and temperature sensors, are installed on key equipment and components of the photovoltaic array. These sensors monitor the operating parameters of the photovoltaic equipment, such as current, voltage, and temperature, in real time. When an abnormality in equipment parameters is detected (such as a sudden increase or decrease in current, unstable voltage, or excessive temperature), the sensor alarm unit determines that a device failure may have occurred and immediately issues a fault signal. This unit also transmits the fault signal as an electrical signal to the communication module.

[0067] 3. Positioning and navigation unit The positioning and navigation unit is responsible for obtaining the precise location of faulty equipment within the photovoltaic array. It receives satellite positioning signals (such as GPS and BeiDou systems) to determine the equipment's geographic coordinates. This location information is then sent to the communication module for subsequent transmission to the information processing unit for further processing.

[0068] 4. Communication module The communication module supports multiple communication methods, including 4G / 5G, Wi-Fi, and wired networks. It receives fault signals from the sensor alarm unit and location information from the positioning and navigation unit, and reliably transmits this data to the information processing unit. In practical applications, the appropriate communication method can be flexibly selected based on the on-site network environment of the PV power plant. For example, 4G / 5G communication can be used in areas with good signal strength to ensure real-time data transmission; in areas with poor network coverage, wired communication can be used as a backup to ensure stable data transmission.

[0069] 5. Information processing unit After receiving the fault signal and location information from the communication module, the information processing unit parses, stores, and analyzes the data. It organizes information such as the type and location of the faulty device and records it for archiving, allowing for subsequent query and analysis of the device's fault history. The information processing unit also provides real-time feedback to the route planning unit and the linked navigation unit, providing data support for subsequent operations and maintenance.

[0070] 6. Path planning unit The route planning unit uses intelligent algorithms (such as genetic algorithms and ant colony algorithms) based on the location of the faulty device, combined with map data from the PV plant and real-time traffic conditions, to plan the optimal route from the operator's current location to the faulty device. The planning process takes into account factors such as distance, time, and road conditions to ensure that the operator can reach the fault site as quickly as possible. The planned route information is then sent to the linked navigation unit.

[0071] 6. Linked navigation unit The Linked Navigation Unit connects to the operator's mobile device (such as a phone or tablet) and transmits the route information generated by the Path Planning Unit to the mobile device's navigation application in real time. Furthermore, as the operator approaches the faulty equipment, the Linked Navigation Unit continuously monitors their real-time location and traffic conditions, dynamically adjusting the navigation route based on actual conditions to ensure they always follow the optimal route.

[0072] 7. Management Backend The management backend features real-time display capabilities, using a graphical interface to display the PV array's operating status, fault information, device location, and the real-time location and navigation routes of maintenance personnel. Operations and maintenance managers can intuitively monitor the operation of the entire PV power plant, promptly understanding the location of faults and the progress of their resolution. Furthermore, the management backend supports the statistics and analysis of historical fault data, providing a data basis for PV power plant operation and maintenance decisions.

[0073] 8. Data storage unit The data storage unit uses a large-capacity disk array to record and archive fault information. The disk array features data redundancy and backup, ensuring data security and reliability. Operations and maintenance personnel can query and analyze device fault history at any time through the management backend.

[0074] 2. System Workflow Fault monitoring: The sensor alarm unit monitors the operating status of the photovoltaic array equipment in real time and immediately issues a fault signal once a device fault is detected.

[0075] Data transmission: The communication module receives the fault signal and the location information obtained by the positioning and navigation unit, and transmits these data to the information processing unit.

[0076] Data processing and analysis: The information processing unit processes and analyzes the received data, records and archives fault information, and feeds the processed information back to the path planning unit and the linkage navigation unit.

[0077] Path planning: The path planning unit plans the best route based on the location information of the faulty equipment and sends the route information to the linkage navigation unit.

[0078] Navigation guidance: The linked navigation unit transmits route information to the mobile terminal of the operation and maintenance personnel, providing them with real-time navigation guidance and dynamically adjusting the route during driving.

[0079] Operation and maintenance management: The management background displays the operation status and fault handling progress of the photovoltaic array in real time, and operation and maintenance managers can conduct remote monitoring and management through the management background.

[0080] Data storage: The data storage unit records and archives fault information and has data redundancy backup capabilities to ensure data security and reliability. Operations and maintenance personnel can query and analyze the device's fault history at any time through the management backend.

[0081] 3. System advantages and application effects Real-time monitoring and rapid response: By monitoring equipment failures in real time through sensor alarm units, problems in the photovoltaic array can be discovered promptly and quickly notified to operation and maintenance personnel, greatly shortening fault detection and response time.

[0082] Precise positioning and efficient navigation: The combination of the positioning and navigation unit and the path planning unit can provide operation and maintenance personnel with accurate fault equipment location information and optimal route planning, improving the efficiency of operation and maintenance personnel in reaching the fault site and reducing operation and maintenance time and costs.

[0083] Data recording and analysis: The information processing unit records, archives and analyzes fault data, which helps to understand the failure patterns and trends of the equipment, provides a scientific basis for equipment maintenance and replacement, and improves the reliability and stability of the photovoltaic power station.

[0084] Remote management and decision support: The real-time display and data analysis functions of the management background enable operation and maintenance managers to remotely monitor the operation of photovoltaic power stations and make timely decisions, thereby improving management efficiency and the scientific nature of decision-making.

[0085] Through the implementation of this embodiment, the operation and maintenance management level of the photovoltaic power station has been significantly improved, the efficiency of equipment fault handling has been greatly improved, and the power generation efficiency has been effectively guaranteed, laying a solid foundation for the long-term stable operation of the photovoltaic power station.

[0086] Example 6 In another preferred embodiment, Figure 2 As shown, building on Examples 3, 4, and 5, this embodiment provides a positioning and navigation system for outdoor equipment in photovoltaic fields. This system integrates Beidou navigation, sensor monitoring, communication modules, server data processing, and multi-terminal display functions to achieve precise positioning, real-time monitoring, and efficient navigation of outdoor equipment in photovoltaic fields. The system is divided into two parts: outdoor equipment and indoor management. Using multiple communication methods, it ensures stable data transmission, providing strong support for photovoltaic field operation and maintenance management.

[0087] 1. System composition 1. Outdoor equipment end Beidou Navigation: Utilizing the Beidou satellite system, the system provides a high-precision positioning benchmark for the entire photovoltaic field, ensuring the accuracy of outdoor equipment positioning. In open areas of the photovoltaic field, Beidou navigation signals can be stably received, providing basic data for subsequent equipment positioning.

[0088] Sensors: Various sensors, including vibration sensors, tilt sensors, and displacement sensors, are installed on outdoor photovoltaic equipment (such as photovoltaic panel supports and inverters). These sensors monitor changes in the equipment's physical state in real time and trigger an alarm signal upon detecting an anomaly (such as vibration amplitude exceeding a threshold, abnormal tilt angle, or displacement). For example, when an external force impacts a photovoltaic panel support, a vibration sensor quickly captures the vibration signal and converts it into an electrical output.

[0089] Alarm: Connected to the sensor, when the sensor triggers an alarm signal, the alarm emits an audible and visual alarm to alert on-site personnel to equipment abnormalities. At the same time, the alarm signal is also transmitted to the indoor management system through the communication module.

[0090] Tracker: This uses high-precision positioning technology (such as GPS and BeiDou dual-mode positioning) to provide precise location information for outdoor devices. The tracker transmits the device's real-time location data along with sensor monitoring data to the communication module.

[0091] Communication Module: Supports multiple communication methods, including 4G / 5G, WiFi, and wired networks, ensuring stable and reliable data transmission from outdoor equipment to indoor management systems. Within the photovoltaic field, flexible communication methods can be selected based on network coverage in different areas. For example, 4G / 5G communication can be used in areas with good signal strength, while wired communication can be used as a backup in areas with unstable networks.

[0092] 2. Indoor management terminal Management Backstage: This system features real-time display capabilities, displaying a large screen with a map of the PV field, device status information, and navigation instructions. Operations and maintenance personnel can intuitively view the location, operating status, and alarm information of all outdoor devices. For example, when a device triggers an alarm, the management backstage highlights the device's location on a map and displays a window with detailed alarm information.

[0093] Server: Responsible for data processing, receiving sensor data and positioning data from outdoor equipment, storing, analyzing, and processing them. The server uses advanced algorithms to mine this data, analyzing equipment failure trends and predicting equipment lifespan. Furthermore, the server plans the optimal route to the faulty equipment based on the equipment's real-time location and fault information.

[0094] Multi-terminal display: Supporting PC (Personal Computer) and mobile access, maintenance personnel can monitor the operation of the photovoltaic field anytime and anywhere via computers, mobile phones, and other devices. The PC terminal is suitable for detailed monitoring and management operations in the office, while the mobile terminal facilitates maintenance personnel to obtain real-time information during on-site inspections. The server feeds processed data to PCs and mobile devices in real time, ensuring maintenance personnel can keep abreast of equipment dynamics.

[0095] 2. System Workflow Data Collection: The outdoor device's sensors collect real-time data on the device's physical status and positioning. The locator obtains the device's precise location information. This data is transmitted to the indoor management system via the communication module.

[0096] Data transmission: The communication module selects the appropriate communication method based on the photovoltaic field's network environment to send data to the server. During transmission, data is protected using encryption technology to ensure data security and integrity.

[0097] Data processing and analysis: After receiving the data, the server stores, analyzes, and processes it. This allows real-time monitoring of the equipment's operating status to determine if any anomalies exist. Furthermore, GIS technology is used to plan the optimal route based on the location of the faulty equipment.

[0098] Information Display and Navigation: The management backend displays a real-time map of the PV field, equipment status information, and navigation instructions. Maintenance personnel can access this information via a PC or mobile device and follow the navigation instructions to repair the faulty equipment. During the journey to the faulty equipment, the linked navigation unit dynamically adjusts the optimal route based on real-time traffic conditions and the maintenance personnel's location.

[0099] Alarm Notification: When sensors detect an equipment anomaly, an audible and visual alarm sounds, and the management backend notifies relevant operations and maintenance personnel via SMS, email, or app push notifications. Based on the alarm information, operations and maintenance personnel can quickly respond and schedule repairs, significantly improving operation and maintenance efficiency and response speed. Furthermore, the management backend also integrates data analysis capabilities, enabling in-depth analysis of historical PV array data to provide a scientific basis for optimizing operation and maintenance strategies.

[0100] 3. System advantages and application effects Precise positioning: Beidou navigation and high-precision locators are used to accurately locate outdoor equipment in photovoltaic areas, with positioning accuracy reaching the meter level, effectively improving the efficiency of operation and maintenance personnel in locating equipment.

[0101] Real-time monitoring: Multiple sensors monitor the physical status of the equipment in real time, can promptly detect abnormal conditions of the equipment, and notify operation and maintenance personnel through various alarm methods, greatly shortening the fault response time.

[0102] Efficient navigation: Utilizing GIS technology and real-time traffic information, the system plans the best route for operation and maintenance personnel and dynamically adjusts the route during driving, ensuring that operation and maintenance personnel can reach the fault site quickly and accurately, thereby improving operation and maintenance efficiency.

[0103] Multi-terminal support: Supports PC and mobile terminal access, allowing operation and maintenance personnel to understand the operation status of the photovoltaic field anytime and anywhere, realizing remote monitoring and management, and improving management flexibility and convenience.

[0104] Through the implementation of this embodiment, the operation and maintenance management level of the photovoltaic field is significantly improved, the efficiency of equipment fault handling is greatly improved, the operation and maintenance costs are reduced, and the stable operation of the photovoltaic field is guaranteed.

[0105] In the preferred solution, in the Step 1 status monitoring, the sensing alarm unit includes several sensors, including at least one of a vibration sensor, a tilt sensor, a displacement sensor, a current sensor, a voltage sensor, and a temperature sensor; the above settings can realize comprehensive monitoring of the equipment operation status. When any sensor detects an abnormality, the alarm mechanism is immediately triggered, and the maintenance personnel are notified in time to handle it, effectively preventing equipment failure and ensuring the stable operation of the production line.

[0106] In the preferred solution, in the Step 2 position acquisition, the satellite positioning signal is a GPS signal or a Beidou system signal; the above setting can ensure high-precision positioning on a global scale, especially in scenarios where GPS signals are susceptible to interference, such as remote areas or urban canyons. The Beidou system signal serves as an effective supplement, further improving the reliability and stability of positioning.

[0107] In the preferred solution, during Step 3 data transmission, the communication module automatically selects the optimal communication method for data transmission based on preset priorities and network conditions. This method includes at least one of 4G / 5G, Wi-Fi, and wired connections. This ensures efficient and stable data transmission in various environments, improving the system's flexibility and reliability. Furthermore, the solution also features intelligent adjustment capabilities, dynamically optimizing transmission paths based on real-time network quality.

[0108] In a preferred solution, the intelligent algorithm used in Step 4 route planning is a genetic algorithm or an ant colony algorithm. The GIS map data includes road information, equipment distribution information, and building information for the photovoltaic field. This setup significantly improves the operation and maintenance efficiency of the photovoltaic field and ensures the optimization of the operation and maintenance route. Furthermore, by combining real-time weather and equipment status data, the intelligent algorithm can dynamically adjust the route, further ensuring the timeliness and safety of operation and maintenance work.

[0109] In the preferred solution, in the Step 6 navigation guidance, the mobile terminal is a mobile phone or tablet computer; with the above settings, the user can receive detailed navigation guidance through the application on the mobile phone or tablet computer, including text, images and voice prompts, ensuring that the destination can be found quickly and accurately even in complex environments.

[0110] In the preferred solution, several sensors in the sensing alarm unit are connected to the sensing alarm unit via wired or wireless means; the above setting not only improves the flexibility and scalability of the system, but also ensures the stable transmission of sensor data; at the same time, the sensing alarm unit can quickly trigger the alarm mechanism based on the information fed back by the sensor, effectively improving the response speed and accuracy of security monitoring.

[0111] In a preferred solution, the positioning and navigation unit utilizes a high-precision Beidou or GPS receiver. This configuration ensures precise positioning of the vehicle in complex environments, improving the reliability and stability of the navigation system. Furthermore, the solution incorporates an inertial navigation system to further enhance the continuity and accuracy of positioning.

[0112] In the preferred solution, the information processing unit is a high-performance server with strong data processing capabilities, which parses, stores and analyzes the received data, records and archives fault information, and feeds back the processed information to the path planning unit and the linked navigation unit in real time; the above settings ensure that the entire system can maintain high accuracy and stability even in complex environments, effectively shorten fault response time, improve overall operating efficiency, and provide solid data support and decision-making basis for intelligent navigation and path planning.

[0113] In the preferred solution, the management background has a graphical interface for displaying the operating status, fault information, equipment location, and real-time location and navigation route of the photovoltaic array, supporting remote monitoring and management; the above settings greatly improve the operation and maintenance efficiency and response speed; at the same time, the management background also integrates data analysis functions, which can intelligently predict fault trends, provide data support for operation and maintenance decisions, and ensure the safe and stable operation of photovoltaic power stations.

[0114] In a preferred solution, the system further includes a data storage unit for recording and archiving fault information for subsequent query and analysis of the equipment's fault history; the data storage unit employs a large-capacity disk array with a data redundancy backup function; the above arrangement ensures data security and reliability, and even when some disks fail, data can be quickly restored to avoid information loss, providing strong support for equipment maintenance and management.

[0115] This invention proposes a positioning and navigation system and method for outdoor photovoltaic equipment. This system addresses the numerous shortcomings of existing technologies for positioning and navigation of outdoor photovoltaic equipment. Existing technologies generally lack real-time monitoring of the physical status of equipment, resulting in an inability to promptly detect and address equipment failures, which in turn prolongs troubleshooting time. Furthermore, issues such as inefficient route planning, inflexible navigation guidance, and limited communication methods severely hinder operational efficiency.

[0116] To effectively address these issues, the present invention integrates multiple high-precision sensors, such as vibration sensors, tilt sensors, displacement sensors, current sensors, voltage sensors, and temperature sensors, enabling comprehensive, multi-dimensional, real-time monitoring of the physical status of outdoor photovoltaic equipment. This integrated monitoring approach significantly improves the accuracy and timeliness of fault detection, ensuring the safe and stable operation of the equipment.

[0117] In terms of data transmission, this invention introduces an intelligent communication selection mechanism that automatically selects the optimal communication method based on preset priorities and network conditions, including 4G / 5G, Wi-Fi, and wired networks, ensuring stable and efficient data transmission. This mechanism effectively adapts to complex and changing network environments and improves data transmission reliability.

[0118] The present invention also utilizes GIS map data and real-time traffic conditions to plan the optimal route, dynamically adjusting it based on real-time traffic conditions during navigation. This dynamic route planning and navigation significantly improves navigation flexibility and efficiency, ensuring maintenance personnel can quickly and accurately reach the location of faulty equipment.

[0119] The management backend integrates functions such as real-time display, remote monitoring, and statistical analysis of historical fault data, providing comprehensive decision-making support for operation and maintenance management.

[0120] Furthermore, this invention utilizes an innovative system architecture design to organically integrate multiple functional modules, including sensing and alarming, positioning and navigation, data transmission, information processing, route planning, navigation guidance, and management analysis, to form a complete and efficient positioning and navigation system for outdoor equipment in photovoltaic fields. The application of high-precision positioning and navigation technologies, intelligent algorithms for route planning, and the introduction of data storage and redundant backup mechanisms further enhance the system's stability and reliability, ensuring the long-term preservation and traceability of fault information, and providing strong support for subsequent fault analysis and prevention.

[0121] In summary, the present invention effectively overcomes the defects of existing technologies in positioning and navigation of outdoor equipment in photovoltaic fields through a series of innovative technical means, significantly improves operation and maintenance efficiency and management level, and provides solid technical guarantee for the stable operation of photovoltaic fields.

Claims

1. A method for positioning and navigating outdoor equipment in a photovoltaic field, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1: Status monitoring: the sensor alarm unit monitors the physical status of the photovoltaic outdoor equipment and generates fault signals and alarm signals if any abnormality is detected. Step 2: Location acquisition: obtain the location information of the faulty device through the positioning and navigation unit; Step 3: Data transmission: Select an appropriate communication method to transmit the fault signal and location information to the information processing unit; Step 4: Information processing: The information processing unit receives and analyzes data, extracts fault information, records and archives it, and feeds it back to the path planning unit; Step 5: Route planning: The path planning unit combines GIS map data and real-time traffic conditions and uses intelligent algorithms to plan the best route; Step 6: Navigation guidance: the linked navigation unit transmits route information to the mobile terminal, providing real-time navigation and dynamically adjusting the route; Step 7: Management and analysis: The management background displays relevant information in real time, supports remote monitoring, and performs statistical analysis on historical fault data.

2. A method for positioning and navigating outdoor equipment in a photovoltaic field according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the Step 1 state monitoring, the sensing alarm unit includes a plurality of sensors, including at least one of a vibration sensor, a tilt sensor, a displacement sensor, a current sensor, a voltage sensor, and a temperature sensor.

3. A method for positioning and navigating outdoor equipment in a photovoltaic field according to claim 2, characterized in that: In the Step 2 position acquisition, the satellite positioning signal is a GPS signal or a Beidou system signal.

4. A method for positioning and navigating outdoor equipment in a photovoltaic field according to claim 3, characterized in that: In the Step 3 data transmission, the communication module automatically selects the optimal communication mode for data transmission according to the preset priority and network conditions. The communication mode includes at least one of 4G / 5G, WIFI, and wired.

5. A method for positioning and navigating outdoor equipment in a photovoltaic field according to claim 4, characterized in that: In the Step 4 route planning, the intelligent algorithm is a genetic algorithm or an ant colony algorithm; the GIS map data includes road information, equipment distribution information, and building information of the photovoltaic field.

6. A method for positioning and navigating outdoor equipment in a photovoltaic field according to claim 5, characterized in that: In the Step 6 navigation guide, the mobile terminal is a mobile phone or a tablet computer.

7. A positioning and navigation system for outdoor equipment in a photovoltaic field, which is a system for implementing the positioning and navigation method for outdoor equipment in a photovoltaic field according to claim 6, characterized in that: include: A sensing alarm unit, which includes several sensors and is used to monitor the physical status of the photovoltaic outdoor equipment and send out a fault signal when an abnormality is detected; Positioning and navigation unit, used to obtain the location information of the faulty equipment; Communication module, which supports multiple communication modes and is used to transmit fault signals and location information; Information processing unit, used to receive and process data, extract fault information, record and archive it, and feed it back to the path planning unit; Path planning unit, which combines GIS map data and real-time traffic conditions to plan the best route using intelligent algorithms; A linked navigation unit, used to transmit route information to a mobile terminal, provide real-time navigation, and dynamically adjust the route; The management backend is used to display relevant information in real time, support remote monitoring, and perform statistical analysis on historical fault data.

8. A positioning and navigation system for outdoor equipment in a photovoltaic field according to claim 7, characterized in that: The multiple sensors in the sensing alarm unit are connected to the sensing alarm unit in a wired or wireless manner; the positioning and navigation unit adopts a high-precision Beidou receiver or GPS receiver.

9. A positioning and navigation system for outdoor equipment in a photovoltaic field according to claim 8, characterized in that: The information processing unit is a high-performance server with strong data processing capabilities. It parses, stores and analyzes the received data, records and archives fault information, and feeds back the processed information to the path planning unit and the linkage navigation unit in real time.

10. The photovoltaic field outdoor equipment positioning and navigation system according to claim 9, characterized in that: The management backend has a graphical interface for displaying the operating status, fault information, equipment location, and real-time location and navigation routes of the photovoltaic array, supporting remote monitoring and management.

11. A positioning and navigation system for outdoor equipment in a photovoltaic field according to claim 10, characterized in that: The system further comprises a data storage unit for recording and archiving fault information for subsequent query and analysis of the fault history of the equipment; the data storage unit adopts a large-capacity disk array and has a data redundancy backup function.

Images