Power battery abuse room power distribution system and circuit breaking method

Abstract

The invention discloses a power battery abuse room power distribution system and a circuit breaking method, and the system is characterized in that only one main circuit breaker is disposed at a position far away from each abuse room, and the rear stage of the main circuit breaker is provided with a plurality of main loops which are connected in parallel; a corresponding alternating current contactor is arranged in each main loop, and a phase line end of each alternating current contactor is respectively connected in series with a current sensor and a secondary circuit breaker; connecting an auxiliary contact of the alternating current contactor and the current sensor to a corresponding PLC (Programmable Logic Controller) through a control circuit; the rear stage of the second-stage circuit breaker is provided with a plurality of third-stage circuit breakers in parallel, and the rear stages of the third-stage circuit breakers are connected to the equipment. The beneficial effects of the invention are that the AC contactor is arranged on the main loop, the auxiliary terminal of the AC contactor is connected to the PLC, and the current sensor is arranged at the branch end line, so that the AC contactor is automatically powered off after the overcurrent is controlled by a program, thereby preventing the short circuit consequence of the broken end line from spreading to the surrounding area, and improving the reliability of the system. And the damage range is controlled within an extremely small range.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of power distribution technology, and in particular to a power distribution system and a circuit breaking method for a power battery abuse chamber. Background Art

[0002] Power batteries are a core component of electric vehicles, and their laboratory testing includes performance testing, safety testing, and abuse testing. Safety testing and abuse testing are particularly important. Tests such as extrusion, puncture, overcharge, over-discharge, short-circuit, thermal runaway, thermal stability, and heat spread testing can all potentially cause fire and explosion. Because these tests are highly dangerous and hazardous, the corresponding battery safety and abuse testing must be completed in a sufficiently safe abuse bunker to ensure safety.

[0003] However, battery hazard testing in the abuse room often results in fires and explosions. This can easily cause the indoor power distribution cables to melt, short-circuit, or even burn. This not only directly damages equipment and facilities, but can also cause indoor or outdoor power distribution to trip instantly due to short circuits. Even worse, a sudden power outage can cause darkness throughout the entire laboratory, forcing other equipment to shut down and severely impacting production.

[0004] The common power distribution method in the abuse room is as follows: the test equipment is divided into multiple circuit breaker switches by the power box to supply power to the equipment and facilities. In addition, the air conditioner is divided into a switch by the air conditioner power circuit breaker switch to supply power to the indoor air conditioner. The lighting is divided into a group by the lighting switch on the same floor to supply the lighting of the abuse room area. Finally, the monitoring equipment and instruments are powered by a public socket.

[0005] However, this common power distribution method can lead to test losses and interference. This is because the abuse chamber is designed to test various battery hazards, making fires and explosions unavoidable. Therefore, in the event of a dangerous fire or explosion, the equipment's power cables, lighting distribution cables, and other power cables are highly likely to burn or fuse, rapidly tripping the upper-level electrical box, resulting in a complete power outage for the lighting system, all test equipment connected to the outlets, and test interruption. Existing test data may be lost, or data may only be retained until the fire occurs.

[0006] Therefore, existing power distribution methods not only interrupt testing within the abuse test room but also severely interfere with or hinder other tests on the same floor or within the same area. Even lighting around the abuse room area cannot be restored until the short circuit at the specific lighting point is resolved, severely hindering repair and troubleshooting efforts within the faulty area. Summary of the Invention

[0007] In response to the above problems, the present invention proposes a power distribution system and a circuit breaking method for a power battery abuse room, which mainly solve the problems of the background technology.

[0008] In order to solve the above technical problems, the first aspect of the present invention provides a power distribution system for a power battery abuse room, comprising:

[0009] There is only one main circuit breaker deployed at a location far away from each abuse room, and the rear stage of the main circuit breaker is configured with several parallel main circuits;

[0010] Each of the main circuits is provided with a corresponding AC contactor, and the phase line ends of the AC contactors are respectively provided with a current sensor and a secondary circuit breaker in series;

[0011] Connecting the auxiliary contacts of the AC contactor and the current sensor to the corresponding PLC controller via a control line;

[0012] The rear stage of the secondary circuit breaker is connected in parallel with a plurality of tertiary circuit breakers, and the rear stages of the tertiary circuit breakers are respectively connected to equipment.

[0013] In some embodiments, the secondary circuit breaker and the tertiary circuit breaker in the same main circuit are installed in a distribution box and placed on the outer wall of the corresponding abuse room.

[0014] In some embodiments, the phase line and the neutral line in the main circuit are wrapped with ceramic fire-resistant silicone rubber sleeves, each circuit breaker terminal is provided with an explosion-proof sealing box, and the inside of the distribution box is filled with expansion fire-resistant sealant.

[0015] In some embodiments, a UPS module is provided in parallel in the rear circuit of each of the three-stage circuit breakers. The UPS module has a built-in supercapacitor energy storage unit, and its output end forms an independent power supply branch with the monitoring device and emergency lighting.

[0016] In some embodiments, the input end of the PLC controller is connected to a distributed temperature sensor array and an arc light detector, the temperature sensors are arranged at intervals of 1 meter along the cable, the arc light detector is set at the incoming end of the three-level circuit breaker, and the PLC controller is configured with a fault location algorithm module.

[0017] A second aspect of the present invention provides a circuit breaking method applicable to the above-mentioned power battery abuse room power distribution system, comprising the following steps:

[0018] Setting the short-circuit current to the rated current multiple n of the secondary circuit breaker according to the application;

[0019] The current sensor obtains the current value of the current of the main circuit, and the PLC controller determines whether the current value is greater than or equal to the product of the multiple n and the rated current of the secondary circuit breaker. If so, the PLC controller controls the AC contactor to trip.

[0020] In some embodiments, the following steps are further included:

[0021] Manually disconnect the secondary circuit breakers and all tertiary circuit breakers in sequence;

[0022] After manually closing the secondary circuit breaker, close each tertiary circuit breaker one by one, count the tertiary circuit breakers with short-circuited rear-end loads, close the corresponding tertiary circuit breakers, and resume normal testing.

[0023] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: by arranging an AC contactor on the main circuit, and connecting its auxiliary terminal to the PLC controller, and a current sensor in the terminal line equipment, the AC contactor automatically cuts off the power after the overcurrent is controlled by the program, thereby preventing the consequences of the short circuit of the terminal line from spreading to the surrounding area and controlling the damage range to an extremely small range. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the power distribution system of the power battery abuse chamber disclosed in the first embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 2 This is a flowchart of the circuit breaking method disclosed in the second embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention more clear and distinct, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely for the purpose of explaining the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. It should also be noted that, for ease of description, the accompanying drawings only illustrate portions relevant to the present invention, not all of the present invention.

[0027] Example 1

[0028] This embodiment proposes a power distribution system for a power battery abuse room, such as Figure 1 Shown, including:

[0029] There is only one main circuit breaker 1 deployed at a location far away from each abuse room, and a plurality of parallel main circuits are configured at the rear stage of the main circuit breaker 1;

[0030] Each main circuit is provided with a corresponding AC contactor 2, and the phase line ends of the AC contactor 2 are respectively provided with a current sensor 3 and a secondary circuit breaker 4 in series;

[0031] Connect the auxiliary contacts of the AC contactor 2 and the current sensor 3 to the corresponding PLC controller 5 via the control line;

[0032] A plurality of tertiary circuit breakers 6 are connected in parallel to the rear stage of the secondary circuit breaker 4 , and the rear stages of the tertiary circuit breakers 6 are connected to devices respectively.

[0033] Fixed equipment includes air conditioning, smoke exhaust purification equipment, water mist equipment and water filling pumps, etc.

[0034] Large-scale testing equipment includes extruders, needling machines, charging and discharging motors, chillers for cooling power batteries, high and low temperature chambers, high and low humidity and heat chambers, smoke exhaust purification devices, and burning test devices.

[0035] Necessary instruments and monitoring equipment for testing - data acquisition instrument, power meter, temperature measurement circuit and monitoring device (such as camera, high-speed camera, alarm device), etc.

[0036] Auxiliary equipment includes fixed lighting, temporary lighting and temporary fans, etc.

[0037] In this embodiment, by setting an AC contactor 2 on the main circuit, and connecting its auxiliary terminal to the PLC controller 5, and the current sensor 3 of the terminal line equipment, after the overcurrent is controlled by the program, the AC contactor 2 automatically cuts off the power, avoiding the consequences of the short circuit of the terminal line from spreading to the surrounding area, and controlling the damage range to an extremely small range.

[0038] In addition, the solution of the present invention uses the PLC controller 5 to cut off the power distribution output, which is more sensitive and reliable than simply using a circuit breaker switch. First, the response time is faster than that of a circuit breaker switch, and second, it solves the problem that the circuit breaker switch is prone to malfunction and does not trip.

[0039] The secondary circuit breaker 4 and the tertiary circuit breaker 6 in the same main circuit are installed in a distribution box 7 and placed on the outer wall of the corresponding abuse room.

[0040] In another alternative embodiment, the phase and neutral wires in the main circuit are wrapped with ceramic fire-resistant silicone rubber sleeves. Each circuit breaker terminal block is equipped with an explosion-proof sealed enclosure, and the distribution box 7 is filled with intumescent fire-resistant sealant. This solution utilizes a three-layer physical isolation protection structure to limit the risk of cable fusing to a single circuit, preventing damage to adjacent lines from the intense heat of an explosion. The ceramic sleeves form a protective ceramic layer at temperatures of 800°C, the explosion-proof sealed enclosure prevents arc leakage, and the sealant absorbs thermal expansion pressure.

[0041] Furthermore, a UPS module (not shown) is connected in parallel to the downstream circuit of each three-stage circuit breaker 6. This UPS module houses a supercapacitor energy storage unit, whose output forms an independent power supply branch for the monitoring equipment and emergency lighting. In the event of a main circuit trip, the supercapacitor UPS can maintain power to critical equipment for at least 15 minutes, ensuring continuous recording of monitoring data and emergency lighting, preventing test data loss and preventing dark environments from hindering evacuation.

[0042] Furthermore, a distributed temperature sensor array and arc detectors (not shown) are connected to the input of the PLC controller 5. The temperature sensors are spaced 1 meter apart along the cable run, and the arc detectors are located at the incoming line of the three-level circuit breaker. The PLC controller 5 is equipped with a fault location algorithm module. By monitoring the temperature gradient and identifying arc characteristics, the short-circuit fault can be accurately determined to be located in the secondary or tertiary distribution unit, narrowing the troubleshooting scope to a single abuse room, avoiding the traditional method of requiring a full-floor power outage for troubleshooting.

[0043] Example 2

[0044] This embodiment proposes a circuit breaking method, which is applicable to the power distribution system of the power battery abuse room described in the first embodiment. Figure 2 As shown, the following steps are included:

[0045] Step 1: Set the short-circuit current to the rated current multiple n of the secondary circuit breaker (e.g., 2-20 times) according to the application.

[0046] Step 2: The current sensor obtains the current value of the current in the main circuit, and the PLC controller determines whether the current value is greater than or equal to the product of the multiple n and the rated current of the secondary circuit breaker (such as Figure 1 Or 2p32A shown in 2), if so, the PLC controller controls the AC contactor to trip.

[0047] Also includes troubleshooting steps:

[0048] Step 3: Manually disconnect the secondary circuit breakers (such as Figure 1 or 2p32A as shown in 2) and all three-stage circuit breakers (such as Figure 1 or 2p10A as shown in 2);

[0049] In step 4, after manually closing the secondary circuit breaker, close each tertiary circuit breaker one by one, count the tertiary circuit breakers with shorted loads at the rear end, and close the corresponding tertiary circuit breakers to resume normal testing. In steps 3 and 4, after the secondary and tertiary circuit breakers are deenergized, the shorted circuit can be found very quickly by inspecting the terminal tertiary circuit breakers in sections, allowing for rapid restoration of power.

[0050] The key advantage of this solution is its PLC digital program control, which allows for the adjustment of different rated current multiples n, ranging from 2 to 20. Combined with the rated current of the circuit breaker (including both secondary and tertiary circuit breakers), the current magnitude at the time of a short circuit is pre-set, thereby finding reasonable short-circuit current parameters. This allows for the rapid opening of the normally closed contacts of the AC contactor when a short circuit occurs, as soon as the main line current exceeds the set short-circuit current value, thus promptly interrupting power to the test area. Compared to directly using a circuit breaker, this solution provides a more effective short-circuit warning and is more reliable and trustworthy. While circuit breakers may be slow to respond to short circuits, or even fail to operate, the high-capacity short-circuit switch at the upper level actually operates first.

[0051] The above embodiments are intended only to illustrate the technical concepts and features of the present invention. Their purpose is to enable those skilled in the art to understand the contents of the present invention and implement them accordingly. They are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Any equivalent changes or modifications made based on the essence of the present invention are intended to be covered by the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A power distribution system for a power battery abuse room, characterized in that: include: There is only one main circuit breaker deployed at a location far away from each abuse room, and the rear stage of the main circuit breaker is configured with several parallel main circuits; Each of the main circuits is provided with a corresponding AC contactor, and the phase line ends of the AC contactor are respectively provided with a current sensor and a secondary circuit breaker in series; Connecting the auxiliary contacts of the AC contactor and the current sensor to the corresponding PLC controller via a control line; The rear stage of the secondary circuit breaker is connected in parallel with a plurality of tertiary circuit breakers, and the rear stages of the tertiary circuit breakers are respectively connected to equipment.

2. The power distribution system for a power battery abuse room according to claim 1, characterized in that: The secondary circuit breaker and the tertiary circuit breaker in the same main circuit are installed in a distribution box and placed on the outer wall of the corresponding abuse room.

3. The power distribution system for a power battery abuse chamber according to claim 2, characterized in that: The outside of the phase line and the neutral line in the main circuit are wrapped with ceramic fire-resistant silicone rubber sleeves, each circuit breaker terminal is provided with an explosion-proof sealing box, and the inside of the distribution box is filled with expansion fire-resistant sealant.

4. The power distribution system for a power battery abuse chamber according to claim 1, characterized in that: A UPS module is arranged in parallel in the rear circuit of each three-stage circuit breaker. The UPS module has a built-in supercapacitor energy storage unit, and its output end forms an independent power supply branch with the monitoring device and emergency lighting.

5. The power distribution system for a power battery abuse chamber according to claim 1, characterized in that: The input end of the PLC controller is connected to a distributed temperature sensor array and an arc light detector. The temperature sensors are arranged at intervals of 1 meter along the cable. The arc light detector is set at the incoming end of the three-level circuit breaker. The PLC controller is configured with a fault location algorithm module.

6. A circuit breaking method, characterized in that: The power distribution system for the power battery abuse room according to claim 1 or 2 comprises the following steps: Setting the short-circuit current to the rated current multiple n of the secondary circuit breaker according to the application; The current sensor obtains the current value of the current of the main circuit, and the PLC controller determines whether the current value is greater than or equal to the product of the multiple n and the rated current of the secondary circuit breaker. If so, the PLC controller controls the AC contactor to trip.

7. The power distribution system for a power battery abuse room according to claim 1, characterized in that: Also includes troubleshooting steps: Manually disconnect the secondary circuit breakers and all tertiary circuit breakers in sequence; After manually closing the secondary circuit breaker, close each tertiary circuit breaker one by one, count the tertiary circuit breakers with short-circuited rear-end loads, close the corresponding tertiary circuit breakers, and resume normal testing.

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