Low-power-consumption battery power supply circuit and method

Abstract

The invention discloses a low-power-consumption battery power supply circuit and method. The invention relates to the field of low-power-consumption battery power supply systems, and solves the problems of high power consumption and charging management of a battery power supply circuit in a standby state. When a key of the key control sub-circuit is closed, the enabling power supply module supplies power to equipment connected with the output end and the MCU, after the MCU is powered on to work, the enabling power supply module enables the circuit to work all the time, and the MCU judges different key commands by detecting the pressing duration of the normally open key. When an external power supply of the charging circuit is plugged, the enabling power supply module circuit supplies power to equipment connected with the output end and the MCU, power is supplied to the battery through the MOS tube, and the MCU disconnects the MOS tube after determining that the battery voltage is fully charged by detecting the voltage. The battery power supply circuit has a charging management function while meeting the standby low power consumption requirement of the battery power supply circuit, a charging management chip and an MOS (Metal Oxide Semiconductor) tube in a startup circuit are omitted, the cost is reduced, and the multi-purpose function of the key is also realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a power supply circuit and the field of low-power battery power supply systems, in particular to a low-power battery power supply circuit and method. Background Art

[0002] With the prevalence of the Internet of Things, mobile computing, and smart devices, the demand for low-power designs is becoming increasingly urgent. Battery-powered devices have increasingly stringent power consumption requirements. Current consumption in standby mode must be kept as low as possible, typically targeting μA or even nA levels. To achieve this, MOSFET switches are often required in the power-on / off circuitry. However, these switches are typically large, posing significant challenges to circuit board layout, product space, and cost. Improper circuit design can also cause the MOSFET to heat up, increasing power consumption. Even more seriously, overheating can damage the circuit board. Low-power devices are often powered by lithium-ion batteries, typically ranging from 3V to 4.4V. These devices require charge management circuitry, and voltage regulators are often required to ensure a more stable voltage for the circuitry. Most current solutions use batteries to directly power the device and MCU, but these solutions often deplete the battery after a short period of standby, resulting in low energy efficiency. To extend standby time, mechanical toggle switches or MOSFET switches are often used in electronic products' standby circuitry to disconnect the battery from the circuitry. Charging the battery also requires a dedicated charge management chip, further increasing costs. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In order to solve the problems existing in the background technology, the present invention provides a low-power battery power supply circuit and method.

[0004] The technical solution adopted in the present invention is:

[0005] 1. A low-power battery-powered circuit, comprising:

[0006] Low-power circuit system, used to operate in different working states.

[0007] The microcontroller unit MCU (Microcontroller Unit) is used to control the low-power circuit module to switch between different working states.

[0008] The low-power circuit system includes a battery, ten resistors, a P-type MOS tube Q5, a normally open button S1, a BAV70 switching diode and a power module. The battery can be specifically a mobile lithium battery; the first end of the first resistor R1 is respectively connected to the first end of the tenth resistor R10, the second end of the P-type MOS tube S-level, the second end of the ninth resistor R9, and the first end of the BAV70 switching diode, the second end of the first resistor R1 is connected to the external charger through the VBUS charging end, and the external charger is charged through the USB charging port; the first end of the tenth resistor R10 is connected to the second end of the P-type MOS tube S-level, the second end of the ninth resistor R9, and the first end of the BAV70 switching diode The second end of the tenth resistor R10 is connected to the first end G of the P-type MOS tube and the MCU_PIO4 port of the microcontroller unit MCU, the S stage of the P-type MOS tube is connected to the second end of the ninth resistor R9 and the first end of the BAV70 switching diode, the first end G of the P-type MOS tube is connected to the MCU_PIO4 port of the microcontroller unit MCU, the third end D of the P-type MOS tube is connected to the VBAT end of the battery and the first and third ends of the normally open button; the first and third ends of the normally open button are connected to the VBAT end of the battery, the second and fourth ends of the normally open button are connected to the first end of the second resistor R2 and the second end of the third resistor R3; the second end of the second resistor R2 is connected to the first end of the third resistor R3 The first end of the second resistor R2 is connected to the second end of the fifth resistor R5 and the second end of the BAV70 switching diode; the first end of the third resistor R3 is connected to the second end of the fourth resistor R4 and the MCU_PIO1 port of the microcontroller unit MCU; the second end of the fourth resistor R4 is connected to the MCU_PIO1 port of the microcontroller unit MCU, and the first end of the fourth resistor R4 is grounded; the second end of the ninth resistor R9 is connected to the first end of the BAV70 switching diode, the first end of the ninth resistor R9 is connected to the second end of the eighth resistor R8 and the MCU_PIO2 port of the microcontroller unit MCU; the second end of the eighth resistor R8 is connected to the MCU_PI O2 port is connected, and the first end of the eighth resistor R8 is grounded; the second end of the fifth resistor R5 is connected to the second end of the BAV70 switching diode, and the first end of the fifth resistor R5 is grounded; the third end of the BAV70 switching diode is connected to the first end of the sixth resistor R6 and the power module enable POWER_EN of the power module; the first end of the sixth resistor R6 is connected to the power module enable POWER_EN of the power module, and the second end of the sixth resistor R6 is connected to the second end of the seventh resistor R7 and the MCU_PIO3 port of the micro control unit MCU; the second end of the seventh resistor R7 is connected to the MCU_PIO3 port of the micro control unit MCU, and the first end of the seventh resistor R7 is grounded.

[0009] 2. A power supply method for a low-power battery-powered circuit, comprising:

[0010] In the battery power supply circuit, the normally-open button, the second resistor R2, the BAV70 switch diode and the microcontroller unit MCU of the low-power circuit system are composed of a button control subcircuit for button control; the normally-open button, the second resistor R2, the third resistor R3, the fourth resistor R4, the BAV70 switch diode and the microcontroller unit MCU are composed of a button signal detection subcircuit for button signal detection; the first resistor R1, the tenth resistor R10, the P-type MOS tube, the BAV70 switch diode and the microcontroller unit MCU are composed of a charging subcircuit for charging; the first resistor R1, the eighth resistor R8, the ninth resistor R9, the P-type MOS tube, the BAV70 switch diode and the microcontroller unit MCU are composed of a charging battery management subcircuit for charging; the power module, the normally-open button, the ten resistors, the P-type MOS tube, the BAV70 switch diode and the microcontroller unit MCU are composed of a low-power standby subcircuit for low-power standby, where low power consumption is lower than the preset power consumption; the power module is enabled to power the low-power circuit system and the microcontroller unit MCU.

[0011] In the button control subcircuit, a shutdown command is sent by pressing the normally open button, so that the battery power supply circuit enters the shutdown state; a power-on command is sent by pressing the normally open button, and power is supplied to the micro control unit MCU through the second resistor R2 and the BAV70 switching diode. The micro control unit MCU enables the power module to put the battery power supply circuit into the power-on working state.

[0012] In the key signal detection sub-circuit, when the battery power supply circuit enters the power-on working state through the normally-open key, the microcontroller unit MCU judges the different key commands of the normally-open key through the detection MCU_PIO1 signal transmitted at the MCU_PIO1 port through the second resistor R2, the third resistor R3, the fourth resistor R4 and the BAV70 switching diode. Each key command corresponds to a different working state of the battery power supply circuit, so that the battery power supply circuit enters a different working state.

[0013] In the charging sub-circuit, after the VBUS charging terminal is connected to the charger, the charging enable power module supplies power to the low-power circuit system and the microcontroller unit MCU. The microcontroller unit MCU is in an operating state through the first resistor R1 and the BAV70 switching diode. The P-type MOS tube is turned on through the tenth resistor R10 to charge the battery. The microcontroller unit MCU determines whether the external charger is connected by confirming whether the MCU_PIO2 port receives the detection MCU_PIO2 signal. If the MCU_PIO2 port of the microcontroller unit MCU receives the detection MCU_PIO2 signal, it is determined that the charger is connected, so that the battery power supply circuit enters the charging state. Otherwise, the charger is not connected.

[0014] In the rechargeable battery management subcircuit, when the battery power supply circuit enters the charging state, the microcontroller unit MCU detects the divided voltage of the first resistor R1, the eighth resistor R8 and the ninth resistor R9 through the BAV70 switching diode and the detection MCU_PIO2 signal transmitted through the MCU_PIO2 port to determine whether the battery is fully charged. When the battery voltage reaches the full charge voltage of the battery, the microcontroller unit MCU turns off the P-type MOS tube to stop charging the battery to ensure circuit safety.

[0015] In the low-power standby subcircuit, by pressing the normally open button to send a standby command, the microcontroller unit MCU pulls down the power module to enable POWER_EN, the power module has no output voltage, and the power consumption of the ten resistors, P-type MOS tube, BAV70 switch diode and microcontroller unit MCU is zero.

[0016] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0017] The present invention can solve the problem of short working time caused by high power consumption of battery-powered equipment in standby mode, can meet the low power consumption requirement of the battery-powered circuit in standby mode, and has a charging management function, eliminating the need for a charging management chip and a power-on MOS tube, reducing costs, and realizing the multi-purpose function of the button. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 This is a diagram of the low-power battery power supply circuit system of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the low-power battery power supply circuit of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and beneficial effects solved by the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0021] The low-power battery power supply circuit of the present invention includes a low-power circuit system and a microcontroller unit MCU. The low-power circuit system is connected to an external charger and is used to operate in different working states; the microcontroller unit MCU is used to control the low-power circuit module to switch between different working states.

[0022] like Figure 2As shown, the low-power circuit system includes a battery, ten resistors, a P-type MOS tube Q5, a normally open button S1, a BAV70 switching diode and a power module. The battery can be specifically a mobile lithium battery; the first end of the first resistor R1 is respectively connected to the first end of the tenth resistor R10, the second end of the P-type MOS tube S-level, the second end of the ninth resistor R9, and the first end of the BAV70 switching diode, the second end of the first resistor R1 is connected to the external charger through the VBUS charging end, and the external charger is charged through the USB charging port; the first end of the tenth resistor R10 is connected to the second end of the P-type MOS tube S-level, the second end of the ninth resistor R9, and the first end of the BAV70 switching diode The second end of the tenth resistor R10 is connected to the first end G of the P-type MOS tube and the MCU_PIO4 port of the microcontroller unit MCU, the S stage of the P-type MOS tube is connected to the second end of the ninth resistor R9 and the first end of the BAV70 switching diode, the first end G of the P-type MOS tube is connected to the MCU_PIO4 port of the microcontroller unit MCU, the third end D of the P-type MOS tube is connected to the VBAT end of the battery and the first and third ends of the normally open button; the first and third ends of the normally open button are connected to the VBAT end of the battery, the second and fourth ends of the normally open button are connected to the first end of the second resistor R2 and the second end of the third resistor R3; the second end of the second resistor R2 is connected to the first end of the third resistor R3 The first end of the second resistor R2 is connected to the second end of the fifth resistor R5 and the second end of the BAV70 switching diode; the first end of the third resistor R3 is connected to the second end of the fourth resistor R4 and the MCU_PIO1 port of the microcontroller unit MCU; the second end of the fourth resistor R4 is connected to the MCU_PIO1 port of the microcontroller unit MCU, and the first end of the fourth resistor R4 is grounded; the second end of the ninth resistor R9 is connected to the first end of the BAV70 switching diode, the first end of the ninth resistor R9 is connected to the second end of the eighth resistor R8 and the MCU_PIO2 port of the microcontroller unit MCU; the second end of the eighth resistor R8 is connected to the MCU_PI O2 port is connected, and the first end of the eighth resistor R8 is grounded; the second end of the fifth resistor R5 is connected to the second end of the BAV70 switching diode, and the first end of the fifth resistor R5 is grounded; the third end of the BAV70 switching diode is connected to the first end of the sixth resistor R6 and the power module enable POWER_EN of the power module; the first end of the sixth resistor R6 is connected to the power module enable POWER_EN of the power module, and the second end of the sixth resistor R6 is connected to the second end of the seventh resistor R7 and the MCU_PIO3 port of the micro control unit MCU; the second end of the seventh resistor R7 is connected to the MCU_PIO3 port of the micro control unit MCU, and the first end of the seventh resistor R7 is grounded.

[0023] The power supply method of the low-power battery power supply circuit of the present invention is specifically as follows:

[0024] In battery powered circuits, such as Figure 1 As shown, the normally-open button, the second resistor R2, the BAV70 switch diode and the microcontroller unit MCU of the low-power circuit system are composed of a button control subcircuit for button control; the normally-open button, the second resistor R2, the third resistor R3, the fourth resistor R4, the BAV70 switch diode and the microcontroller unit MCU are composed of a button signal detection subcircuit for button signal detection; the first resistor R1, the tenth resistor R10, the P-type MOS transistor, the BAV70 switch diode and the microcontroller unit MCU are composed of a charging subcircuit for charging; the first resistor R1, the eighth resistor R8, the ninth resistor R9, the P-type MOS transistor, the BAV70 switch diode and the microcontroller unit MCU are composed of a charging battery management subcircuit for charging battery management; the power module, the normally-open button, the ten resistors, the P-type MOS transistor, the BAV70 switch diode and the microcontroller unit MCU are composed of a low-power standby subcircuit for low-power standby, where low power consumption is lower than the preset power consumption; the power module is enabled to supply power to the low-power circuit system and the microcontroller unit MCU.

[0025] In the button control sub-circuit, by pressing the normally open button to send a shutdown command, the battery-powered circuit enters the shutdown state; by pressing the normally open button to send a power-on command, the microcontroller unit MCU is powered through the second resistor R2 and the BAV70 switching diode, and the microcontroller unit MCU enables the power module to put the battery-powered circuit into the power-on working state.

[0026] In the key signal detection subcircuit, after the normally-open key is used to power the battery-powered circuit into the powered-on state, the microcontroller unit MCU uses the MCU_PIO1 detection signal transmitted via the MCU_PIO1 port to determine the different key commands of the normally-open key. Each key command corresponds to a different operating state of the battery-powered circuit, thereby causing the battery-powered circuit to enter a different operating state. Key commands include short press, long press, and double-click, determined by the duration of the press. For example, a short press can be an execution information transmission command, a long press can be a power on / off command, and a double-click can be a shortcut operation command. If the MCU_PIO1 signal detects a power-on signal, MCU_PIO3 is pulled high and remains active, thereby enabling POWER_EN to continuously output voltage to the power module and the device enters the power-on state.

[0027] In the charging sub-circuit, after the VBUS charging terminal is connected to the charger, the charging enable power module supplies power to the low-power circuit system and the microcontroller unit MCU. The microcontroller unit MCU is in an operating state through the first resistor R1 and the BAV70 switching diode. The P-type MOS tube is turned on through the tenth resistor R10 to charge the battery. The microcontroller unit MCU determines whether the external charger is connected by confirming whether the MCU_PIO2 port receives the detection MCU_PIO2 signal. If the MCU_PIO2 port of the microcontroller unit MCU receives the detection MCU_PIO2 signal, it is determined that the charger is connected, so that the battery power supply circuit enters the charging state. Otherwise, the charger is not connected.

[0028] In the rechargeable battery management sub-circuit, when the battery power supply circuit enters the charging state, the microcontroller unit MCU detects the divided voltage of the first resistor R1, the eighth resistor R8 and the ninth resistor R9 through the BAV70 switching diode and the detection MCU_PIO2 signal transmitted through the MCU_PIO2 port to determine whether the battery is fully charged. When the battery voltage reaches the full charge voltage of the battery, the microcontroller unit MCU turns off the P-type MOS tube to stop charging the battery to ensure circuit safety.

[0029] In the low-power standby sub-circuit, by pressing the normally open button to send a standby command, the microcontroller unit MCU pulls down the power module to enable POWER_EN, and the power module has no output voltage, so that the power consumption of the ten resistors, P-type MOS tube, BAV70 switch diode and microcontroller unit MCU is zero.

[0030] Compared with the existing technology, the low-power battery power supply circuit and method provided by the present invention cleverly combine the key control subcircuit, key signal detection subcircuit, charging subcircuit, rechargeable battery management subcircuit, and low-power standby subcircuit. While solving the problem of reducing standby power consumption, it also has a charging management function and realizes the multi-purpose function of the key. The design concept has a certain degree of versatility and is conducive to the miniaturization of electronic equipment.

Claims

1. A low-power battery powered circuit, characterized in that: include: Low-power circuit system for operation in different working states; The microcontroller unit MCU is used to control the low-power circuit module to switch between different working states.

2. The low-power battery power supply circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The low-power circuit system includes a battery, ten resistors, a MOS tube, a normally open button S1, a switching diode and a power module. The first end of the first resistor R1 is respectively connected to the first end of the tenth resistor R10, the S level of the MOS tube, the second end of the ninth resistor R9, and the first end of the switching diode. The second end of the first resistor R1 is connected to an external charger via the VBUS charging terminal; the first end of the tenth resistor R10 is connected to the S level of the MOS tube, the second end of the ninth resistor R9, and the first end of the switching diode. The second end of the tenth resistor R10 is connected to the G level of the MOS tube and the MCU_ of the microcontroller unit MCU. The S-level of the MOS tube is connected to the second end of the ninth resistor R9 and the first end of the switching diode, the G-level of the MOS tube is connected to the MCU_PIO4 port of the microcontroller unit MCU, and the D-level of the MOS tube is connected to the VBAT end of the battery and the first and third ends of the normally open button; the first and third ends of the normally open button are connected to the VBAT end of the battery, the second and fourth ends of the normally open button are connected to the first end of the second resistor R2 and the second end of the third resistor R3; the second end of the second resistor R2 is connected to the second end of the third resistor R3, the first end of the second resistor R2 is connected to the second end of the fifth resistor R5 and the switching diode. The first end of the third resistor R3 is connected to the second end of the fourth resistor R4 and the MCU_PIO1 port of the micro control unit MCU; the second end of the fourth resistor R4 is connected to the MCU_PIO1 port of the micro control unit MCU, and the first end of the fourth resistor R4 is grounded; the second end of the ninth resistor R9 is connected to the first end of the switching diode, the first end of the ninth resistor R9 is connected to the second end of the eighth resistor R8 and the MCU_PIO2 port of the micro control unit MCU; the second end of the eighth resistor R8 is connected to the MCU_PIO2 port of the micro control unit MCU, and the first end of the eighth resistor R8 is connected to the MCU_PIO2 port of the micro control unit MCU. The end is grounded; the second end of the fifth resistor R5 is connected to the second end of the switching diode, and the first end of the fifth resistor R5 is grounded; the third end of the switching diode is connected to the first end of the sixth resistor R6 and the power module enable POWER_EN of the power module; the first end of the sixth resistor R6 is connected to the power module enable POWER_EN of the power module, and the second end of the sixth resistor R6 is connected to the second end of the seventh resistor R7 and the MCU_PIO3 port of the micro control unit MCU; the second end of the seventh resistor R7 is connected to the MCU_PIO3 port of the micro control unit MCU, and the first end of the seventh resistor R7 is grounded.

3. The power supply method for a low-power battery-powered circuit according to any one of claims 1-2, characterized in that: include: In the battery-powered circuit, the normally-open button, the second resistor R2, the switching diode, and the microcontroller unit MCU of the low-power circuit system form a button control subcircuit for button control; the normally-open button, the second resistor R2, the third resistor R3, the fourth resistor R4, the switching diode, and the microcontroller unit MCU form a button signal detection subcircuit for button signal detection; the first resistor R1, the tenth resistor R10, the MOS transistor, the switching diode, and the microcontroller unit MCU form a charging subcircuit for charging; the first resistor R1, the eighth resistor R8, the ninth resistor R9, the MOS transistor, the switching diode, and the microcontroller unit MCU form a charging battery management subcircuit for charging; the power module, the normally-open button, the ten resistors, the MOS transistor, the switching diode, and the microcontroller unit MCU form a low-power standby subcircuit for low-power standby; the power module is enabled to supply power to the low-power circuit system and the microcontroller unit MCU.

4. The power supply method for a low-power battery-powered circuit according to claim 3, wherein: In the button control subcircuit, a shutdown command is sent by pressing the normally open button, causing the battery power supply circuit to enter the shutdown state; a power-on command is sent by pressing the normally open button, and power is supplied to the microcontroller unit MCU through the second resistor R2 and the switching diode. The microcontroller unit MCU enables the power module to put the battery power supply circuit into the power-on working state.

5. The power supply method for a low-power battery-powered circuit according to claim 3, wherein: In the key signal detection subcircuit, when the battery power supply circuit enters the power-on working state through the normally-open key, the microcontroller unit MCU judges different key commands of the normally-open key by detecting the MCU_PIO1 signal transmitted through the MCU_PIO1 port through the second resistor R2, the third resistor R3, the fourth resistor R4 and the switching diode. Each key command corresponds to a different working state of the battery power supply circuit, so that the battery power supply circuit enters a different working state.

6. The power supply method for a low-power battery-powered circuit according to claim 3, wherein: In the charging subcircuit, after the VBUS charging terminal is connected to the charger, the charging enable power module supplies power to the low-power circuit system and the microcontroller unit MCU. The microcontroller unit MCU is put into operation via the first resistor R1 and the switching diode. The MOS tube is turned on via the tenth resistor R10 to charge the battery. The microcontroller unit MCU determines whether an external charger is connected by confirming whether the MCU_PIO2 port receives the MCU_PIO2 detection signal. If the MCU_PIO2 port of the microcontroller unit MCU receives the MCU_PIO2 detection signal, it is determined that the charger is connected, causing the battery power supply circuit to enter the charging state. Otherwise, the charger is not connected.

7. The power supply method for a low-power battery-powered circuit according to claim 3, wherein: In the rechargeable battery management subcircuit, when the battery power supply circuit enters the charging state, the microcontroller unit MCU detects the divided voltage of the first resistor R1, the eighth resistor R8, and the ninth resistor R9 through the switching diode and the detection MCU_PIO2 signal transmitted through the MCU_PIO2 port to determine whether the battery is fully charged. When the battery voltage reaches the full-charge voltage of the battery, the microcontroller unit MCU turns off the MOS tube to stop charging the battery.

8. The power supply method for a low-power battery-powered circuit according to claim 3, wherein: In the low-power standby subcircuit, by pressing the normally open button to send a standby command, the microcontroller unit MCU pulls down the power module enable POWER_EN, the power module has no output voltage, and the power consumption of the ten resistors, MOS tubes, switch diodes and microcontroller unit MCU is zero.

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