Sliding arc plasma generator with built-in swirler

Abstract

The invention discloses a gliding arc plasma generator with a built-in swirler, relates to the technical field of plasma generators, solves the problems that an existing plasma arc generator is fixed and single in arc and low in plasma generation efficiency, and comprises the swirler, an anode shell, a base, a cathode center rod, a cathode head, a shell nut and a ceramic ring. The anode shell and the cathode center rod are coaxially arranged, the anode shell is installed on the base, the swirler is located in the middle section of a shell cavity, the ceramic ring wraps part of the cathode center rod, the cathode center rod penetrates through a center hole of the swirler, the end of the cathode center rod is sleeved with the cylindrical cathode head, and the cathode center rod is fixed through the shell nut. The device enhances disturbance of incoming flow, enhances contact excitation of plasma and an incoming flow working medium, improves plasma generation efficiency, and can be used in aspects of pollution reduction, combustion supporting and the like.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of plasma generators, in particular to a sliding arc plasma generator with a built-in cyclone. Background Art

[0002] Plasma is the fourth state of matter, in addition to solid, liquid, and gas. It is a quasi-neutral gas composed of positively charged ions, negatively charged electrons, and neutral particles. Due to its high energy, high ionization, high temperature, and high reactivity, plasma plays a vital role in numerous scientific research and industrial applications.

[0003] Plasma generators are currently the primary means of generating plasma and are widely used in various fields, including industrial manufacturing, environmental protection, and aerospace. However, traditional plasma generators have several issues, such as localized overheating in the discharge area, uneven plasma density distribution, low energy utilization, and poor operating stability, which limit the effectiveness and efficiency of plasma applications. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of the above-mentioned problems of the existing plasma arc generator in that the arc is fixed and single and the plasma generation efficiency is low, the object of the present invention is to provide a sliding arc plasma generator with a built-in cyclone.

[0005] In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0006] A sliding arc plasma generator with a built-in cyclone, comprising:

[0007] The base 6 includes a base plate 61, an upper shell 62, and a lower shell 63. The upper shell 62 is mounted on the upper surface of the base plate 61, and the lower shell 63 is mounted on the lower surface of the base plate 61. The upper shell 62 and the lower shell 63 are both cylindrical structures and are coaxially arranged.

[0008] an anode housing 1 mounted on the upper end of the upper shell 62;

[0009] Ceramic ring 5, which is a cylindrical structure, penetrates the base plate 61 from bottom to top, with the lower end of the ceramic ring 5 located in the lower shell 63 and the upper end of the ceramic ring 5 located in the upper shell 62;

[0010] The cathode head 2 and the cathode center rod 3 are coaxially arranged. The cathode center rod 3 penetrates the ceramic ring 5 from bottom to top, and the upper end of the cathode center rod 3 passes through the ceramic ring 5. The cathode head 2 is installed on the upper end of the cathode center rod 3. The anode housing 1 and the cathode head 2 are coaxially arranged.

[0011] The cyclone 4 is rotatably mounted on the ceramic ring 5 and is located above the base plate 61 and inside the upper housing 62;

[0012] The inner diameter of the upper shell 62 is greater than the outer diameter of the lower shell 63 . At least two air inlet grooves 7 are defined on the base plate 61 . The plurality of air inlet grooves 7 are located between the upper shell 62 and the lower shell 63 .

[0013] In the above-mentioned sliding arc plasma generator with a built-in cyclone, the anode housing 1 includes: a first section 11 and a second section 12, the first section 11 is a hollow cone, the second section 12 is a hollow cylinder, and the lower end of the first section 11 is connected to the upper end of the second section 12.

[0014] In the above-mentioned sliding arc plasma generator with a built-in cyclone, a gap is provided between the inner wall of the upper end of the first section 11 and the outer wall of the cathode head 2 , and the width of the gap does not exceed 2 mm.

[0015] In the above-mentioned sliding arc plasma generator with a built-in cyclone, the outer diameter of the upper shell 62 is the same as the outer diameter of the second section 12 .

[0016] In the above-mentioned sliding arc plasma generator with a built-in cyclone, the anode housing 1 and the upper shell 62 are detachably connected.

[0017] In the above-mentioned sliding arc plasma generator with a built-in cyclone, the cathode center rod 3 and the ceramic ring 5 are detachably connected.

[0018] The above-mentioned sliding arc plasma generator with a built-in cyclone further includes: a housing nut 8 , which is installed at the lower end of the lower housing 63 , and is used to limit the ceramic ring 5 .

[0019] In the above-mentioned sliding arc plasma generator with a built-in cyclone, the plurality of air inlet slots 7 on the base plate 61 are arranged at equal intervals around the circumference.

[0020] In the above-mentioned sliding arc plasma generator with a built-in cyclone, the outer diameter of the cyclone 4 is larger than the inner diameter of the second section 12 and smaller than the inner diameter of the upper shell 62 .

[0021] The above-mentioned sliding arc plasma generator with a built-in cyclone further includes: a graphite sealing gasket 9, which is sleeved on the ceramic ring 5 and located between the ceramic ring 5 and the base plate 61, and is used to seal between the ceramic ring 5 and the base plate 61.

[0022] Due to the adoption of the above technology, the present invention has the following positive effects compared with the prior art:

[0023] (1) The present invention enhances the disturbance of the incoming flow and strengthens the contact excitation between the plasma and the incoming working medium by designing a cyclone, thereby improving the efficiency of plasma generation and can be used to reduce pollution and support combustion. In addition, an insulating ceramic ring is used to ensure that the cathode center rod is separated from the anode shell, so that discharge occurs only at the head position where the gap is smallest. This ensures reliable engineering application. At the same time, the present invention has a simple structure and is easy to assemble, which can meet the needs of engineering practice in various environments.

[0024] (2) The built-in cyclone plasma generator technology proposed in this invention has achieved multi-dimensional industry innovation through structural innovation and process breakthroughs. The built-in cyclone plasma generator has broad application prospects and market value in filling the gaps in lean-burn devices, realizing the utilization of low-calorific value fuels, helping to achieve the "dual carbon" goals, and in the aviation economy. This invention not only improves the performance of the plasma generator, but also promotes the development and promotion of related technologies, and has broad application prospects and market value. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of a sliding arc plasma generator with a built-in cyclone according to the present invention. Figure 2 The present invention is a front view of an anode shell of a sliding arc plasma generator with a built-in cyclone. Figure 3 yes Figure 2 sectional view of . Figure 4 yes Figure 2 Top view of . Figure 5 The present invention is a front view of a base of a sliding arc plasma generator with a built-in cyclone. Figure 6 yes Figure 5 sectional view of . Figure 7 yes Figure 5 Top view of . Figure 8 The present invention is a front view of a cathode center rod of a sliding arc plasma generator with a built-in cyclone. Figure 9 yes Figure 8 sectional view of . Figure 10 The present invention is a front view of a housing nut of a sliding arc plasma generator with a built-in cyclone. Figure 11 yes Figure 10 sectional view of . Figure 12 yes Figure 10 Top view of . Figure 13 The present invention is a front view of a graphite sealing gasket of a sliding arc plasma generator with a built-in cyclone. Figure 14 yes Figure 13 sectional view of . Figure 15 The present invention is a front view of a cathode head of a sliding arc plasma generator with a built-in cyclone. Figure 16 yes Figure 15 sectional view of . Figure 17 yes Figure 15 Top view of . Figure 18 The present invention is a top view of a cyclone of a sliding arc plasma generator with a built-in cyclone. Figure 19 The present invention is a front cross-sectional view of a cyclone of a sliding arc plasma generator with a built-in cyclone. Figure 20 This is a front view of a ceramic ring of a sliding arc plasma generator with a built-in cyclone according to the present invention.

[0026] In the accompanying drawings: 1. anode shell; 2. cathode head; 3. cathode center rod; 4. cyclone; 5. ceramic ring; 6. base; 7. air inlet groove; 8. shell nut; 9. graphite sealing gasket; 11. first section; 12. second section; 61. base plate; 62. upper shell; 63. lower shell. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, but they are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0028] Please refer to Figures 1 to 20 As shown, a sliding arc plasma generator with a built-in cyclone is shown, which includes: a shell, the shell includes a base 6 and an anode shell 1, the anode shell 1 has a first section and a second section, the first section of the anode shell 1 is a hollow cone, the second section of the anode shell 1 is a hollow cylinder, and the second section of the anode shell 1 is fixed to the base 6 to form a chamber

[0029] A cylindrical cathode center rod 3 and a cathode head 2, the cathode center rod 3 has a first end and a second end, the first end of the cathode rod extends outside the shell chamber and is fixed with a shell nut 8, the second end of the cathode center rod 3 is sleeved with a cylindrical cathode head 2 and is vertically arranged in the shell chamber and the axis of the cathode center rod 3 is located in the center of the shell chamber.

[0030] The ceramic ring 5 wraps the first end of the cathode center rod 3 to the installation position of the cathode head 2 (excluding the cathode head 2).

[0031] The cyclone 4 is located in the middle of the housing chamber, and the center hole of the cyclone 4 is sleeved on the ceramic ring 5.

[0032] Furthermore, in a preferred embodiment, the gap between the annular inner wall end surface of the first section of the anode housing 1 and the annular outer wall end surface of the cathode head 2 is within 2 mm.

[0033] Furthermore, in a preferred embodiment, the cathode center rod 3 is partially covered with a ceramic ring 5

[0034] Furthermore, in a preferred embodiment, the outer diameter of the upper shell 62 is equal to the outer diameter of the second section 12, the outer diameter of the cyclone 4 is smaller than the inner diameter of the upper shell 62, the aperture of the center hole of the cyclone 4 is equal to the outer diameter of the ceramic ring 5, the cyclone 4 is sleeved on the ceramic ring 5, and after the air flow passes through the air inlet groove 7 from bottom to top, it passes through the gap between several inclined guide blades on the cyclone 4, driving the cyclone 4 to rotate around the axis of the ceramic ring 5 on the ceramic ring 5, the outer diameter of the cyclone 4 is larger than the inner diameter of the second section 12, and the cyclone 4 is limited by the lower end of the second section 12 to limit the axial displacement of the cyclone 4 along the ceramic ring 5 during rotation. The ceramic ring 5 is used to wrap the cathode center rod 3, and the insulating ceramic ring 5 is used to ensure that the cathode center rod 3 is separated from the anode shell 1, so that it discharges only at the head position where the gap is smallest, further ensuring the efficiency of plasma generation.

[0035] Furthermore, in a preferred embodiment, the cathode center rod 3 is installed in the ceramic ring 5 through an external thread and can be disassembled.

[0036] Furthermore, in a preferred embodiment, the anode housing 1 is fixed to the base 6 using threads and is detachable.

[0037] Furthermore, in a preferred embodiment, the base 6 has an air inlet groove 7 for allowing gas to flow into the chamber.

[0038] Furthermore, in a preferred embodiment, the ceramic ring 5 is fixed to the base 6 via a housing nut 8 and is detachable.

[0039] Furthermore, in a preferred embodiment, during the operation of the sliding arc plasma generator, except for the cyclone 4 rotating on the ceramic ring 5 , no relative movement occurs between other components and the ceramic ring 5 .

[0040] The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the implementation and protection scope of the present invention.

[0041] The present invention also has the following implementation modes based on the above:

[0042] In a further embodiment of the present invention, in order to solve the problem of fixed and single arc and low plasma generation efficiency of existing plasma arc generators and improve the performance of plasma generators, the present invention creatively proposes a plasma generator based on a built-in cyclone. The generator includes components such as an anode housing 1, a cylindrical cathode center rod 3, a cyclone 4, a ceramic ring 5, and a cathode head 2, and adopts a coaxial indentation arrangement, that is, the first section 11 adopts a hollow truncated cone structure, such as Figure 1As shown, the first section 11 gradually approaches the cathode center rod 3 and the cathode head 2 from bottom to top, reducing the distance between the cathode and the cathode, and can generate a plasma rotating arc more efficiently. By adding a cyclone 4, the disturbance of the traditional plasma generator to enhance the incoming flow is improved, the limitation problem of contact excitation between the plasma and the incoming working medium is strengthened, and an air inlet groove 7 is introduced to form a plasma jet by gas injection, thereby achieving efficient plasma generation. The design uses an insulating ceramic ring 5 to ensure that the cathode center rod 3 is separated from the anode shell 1, so that it discharges only at the head position where the gap is smallest, further ensuring the efficiency of plasma generation. In addition, the introduction of threaded assembly during design greatly facilitates the operability of engineering practice.

[0043] The patented plasma generator technology with a built-in cyclone 4 achieves multi-dimensional industry innovation through structural innovation and process breakthroughs. This plasma generator with a built-in cyclone 4 has broad application prospects and market value in filling the gaps in lean-burn devices, enabling the utilization of low-calorific-value fuels, contributing to the achievement of "dual carbon" goals, and in the aviation economy. This invention not only improves the performance of plasma generators but also promotes the development and promotion of related technologies, possessing broad application prospects and market value.

[0044] A plasma generator with a built-in cyclone relates to a plasma generator. The present invention comprises a cyclone 4, an anode housing 1, a base 6, a cylindrical cathode center rod 3, a cathode head 2, a housing nut 8, and a ceramic ring 5. The anode housing 1 and the cathode center rod 3 are coaxially arranged and mounted on the base 6. The cyclone 4 is located in the middle section of the housing cavity. The ceramic ring 5 partially wraps around the cathode center rod 3. The cathode center rod 3 passes through the center hole of the cyclone 4. The end of the cathode center rod 3 is covered with a cylindrical cathode head 2. The housing nut 8 fixes the cathode center rod 3. The first section 11 adopts a hollow truncated cone structure, such as Figure 1 As shown, the first segment 11 gradually approaches the cathode center rod 3 and cathode head 2 from bottom to top, while the anode housing 1 gradually approaches the cathode head 2. The circumferential gap between the two electrodes decreases, forming a rotating arc in the gap, generating a large amount of plasma, and forming a plasma jet. The present invention aims to improve the existing plasma arc generator, which has a fixed arc and low plasma generation efficiency. Based on the traditional plasma generator, the cyclone 4 is added to enhance the disturbance of the incoming flow, strengthen the contact excitation between the plasma and the incoming working medium, and generate a plasma jet at the end.

[0045] To address the above technical issues, the present invention provides a plasma generator with a built-in cyclone, which can effectively solve the problems of uneven plasma density distribution, low energy utilization, and poor working stability. The specific implementation scheme is as follows:

[0046] The present invention includes an anode housing 1, a cyclone 4, a cylindrical cathode center rod 3, a cylindrical cathode head 2, a ceramic ring 5, and a base 6. The anode housing 1 and the cathode center rod 3 are coaxially arranged, the anode housing 1 is mounted on the base 6, the cyclone 4 is located in the middle section of the housing cavity, the ceramic ring 5 partially wraps around the cathode center rod 3, the cathode center rod 3 passes through the center hole of the cyclone 4, the end of the cathode center rod 3 is sheathed with a cylindrical cathode head 2, and the housing nut 8 fixes the cathode center rod 3. As the anode housing 1 gradually approaches the cathode head 2, the gap between the two poles decreases, forming a rotating arc in the gap, generating a large amount of plasma, and forming a plasma jet.

[0047] In some preferred technical solutions, the swirler 4 includes a cylindrical shell, a plurality of inclined guide blades and a central hole.

[0048] In some preferred technical solutions, the cyclone 4 is made of high-temperature resistant material.

[0049] In some preferred technical solutions, the distance between the cathode head 2 and the anode housing 1 is less than 2 mm, and the cathode head 2 and the anode housing 1 are not in direct contact.

[0050] In some preferred technical solutions, the anode housing 1 and the base 6 are connected by threads and can be disassembled.

[0051] In some preferred technical solutions, the anode housing 1 and the cathode center rod 3 adopt a coaxial indented layout.

[0052] In some preferred technical solutions, 3D printing is combined with CNC secondary processing to ensure assembly precision.

[0053] The present invention improves the problems of uneven plasma density distribution, low energy utilization and poor working stability of existing plasma generators by designing a cyclone. It can generate a plasma rotating arc at the end, form a plasma jet after injecting air, and improve plasma generation efficiency.

[0054] The present invention provides a plasma generator with a built-in cyclone. The design of the cyclone 4 enhances the disturbance of the incoming flow, strengthens the contact and excitation between the plasma and the incoming working medium, and improves the efficiency of plasma generation, which can be used to reduce pollution and support combustion. Furthermore, an insulating ceramic ring 5 ensures that the cathode center rod 3 is separated from the anode housing 1, allowing discharge only at the head position, where the gap is minimized. This ensures reliable engineering application. Furthermore, the present invention has a simple structure and is easy to assemble, meeting the needs of engineering practice in various environments.

[0055] In order to describe the present invention more clearly, the following is a further explanation based on an embodiment of a gas turbine used in a plateau environment.

[0056] Gas turbine combustion in plateau environments presents three major challenges: 1) difficulty igniting; 2) incomplete fuel combustion, which produces pollutants; and 3) low combustion efficiency, making full-power operation difficult. Traditionally, methods such as gas-assisted combustion and spark ignition have been used to address these issues. However, these methods suffer from high energy consumption and poor performance. Furthermore, in terms of energy transition and environmental protection, more efficient and environmentally friendly solutions are needed.

[0057] In existing gas turbines, combustion-supporting auxiliary equipment is often used to improve fuel combustion efficiency and mechanical performance. These auxiliary equipment primarily includes steam nozzles and fuel atomizers, with plasma igniters being a widely used new auxiliary system. However, existing plasma igniters generally suffer from issues such as fixed, single arcs and low plasma generation efficiency, which hinder their effectiveness.

[0058] like Figure 1 As shown, the plasma generator with a built-in cyclone in this embodiment mainly consists of an anode housing 1, a cathode head 2, a cathode center rod 3, a cyclone 4, a ceramic ring 5, a base 6, an air inlet groove 7, and a shell nut 8. The anode housing 1 and the cathode center rod 3 are coaxially arranged, the anode housing 1 is mounted on the base 6, the cyclone 4 is located in the middle section of the shell cavity, the ceramic ring 5 partially wraps around the cathode center rod 3, the cathode center rod 3 passes through the center hole of the cyclone 4, the end of the cathode center rod 3 is covered with a cylindrical cathode head 2, and the shell nut 8 fixes the cathode center rod 3.

[0059] The plasma generator with a built-in swirler in this embodiment further includes an excitation power supply for controlling the power output and generation efficiency of the gas turbine air swirling plasma arc generator. The plasma generator with a built-in swirler in this embodiment is further disposed within the gas turbine combustion chamber and is capable of ionizing incoming air to form excited species that are injected into the combustion chamber, thereby improving fuel combustion efficiency.

[0060] The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and do not limit the implementation mode and protection scope of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, it should be aware that all solutions obtained by equivalent substitutions and obvious changes made using the description and illustrations of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A sliding arc plasma generator with a built-in cyclone, characterized in that: include: A base (6), the base (6) comprising: a base plate (61), an upper shell (62) and a lower shell (63), the upper shell (62) being mounted on the upper surface of the base plate (61), the lower shell (63) being mounted on the lower surface of the base plate (61), the upper shell (62) and the lower shell (63) both being cylindrical structures and coaxially arranged; an anode housing (1), the anode housing (1) being mounted on the upper end of the upper shell (62); A ceramic ring (5) having a cylindrical structure, the ceramic ring (5) penetrates the base plate (61) from bottom to top, the lower end of the ceramic ring (5) is located in the lower shell (63), and the upper end of the ceramic ring (5) is located in the upper shell (62); The cathode head (2) and the cathode center rod (3) are coaxially arranged. The cathode center rod (3) penetrates the ceramic ring (5) from bottom to top, and the upper end of the cathode center rod (3) passes through the ceramic ring (5). The cathode head (2) is installed on the upper end of the cathode center rod (3). A cyclone (4), the cyclone (4) being rotatably sleeved on the ceramic ring (5), the cyclone (4) being located above the base plate (61) and inside the upper shell (62); The inner diameter of the upper shell (62) is larger than the outer diameter of the lower shell (63). At least two air inlet grooves (7) are provided on the base plate (61). The plurality of air inlet grooves (7) are located between the upper shell (62) and the lower shell (63).

2. The sliding arc plasma generator with a built-in cyclone according to claim 1, characterized in that: The anode housing (1) comprises a first section (11) and a second section (12), wherein the first section (11) is a hollow cone and the second section (12) is a hollow cylinder, and the lower end of the first section (11) is connected to the upper end of the second section (12).

3. The sliding arc plasma generator with a built-in cyclone according to claim 1, characterized in that: A gap is provided between the inner wall of the upper end of the first section (11) and the outer wall of the cathode head (2), and the width of the gap does not exceed 2 mm.

4. The sliding arc plasma generator with a built-in cyclone according to claim 2, characterized in that: The outer diameter of the upper shell (62) is the same as the outer diameter of the second section (12).

5. The sliding arc plasma generator with a built-in cyclone according to claim 1, characterized in that: The anode housing (1) and the upper shell (62) are detachably connected.

6. The sliding arc plasma generator with a built-in cyclone according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cathode center rod (3) and the ceramic ring (5) are detachably connected.

7. The sliding arc plasma generator with a built-in cyclone according to claim 6, characterized in that: Also includes: A housing nut (8) is mounted on the lower end of the lower housing (63), and the housing nut (8) is used to limit the ceramic ring (5).

8. The sliding arc plasma generator with a built-in cyclone according to claim 1, characterized in that: The plurality of air inlet grooves (7) on the base plate (61) are arranged at equal intervals around the circumference.

9. The sliding arc plasma generator with a built-in cyclone according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer diameter of the cyclone (4) is larger than the inner diameter of the second section (12) and smaller than the inner diameter of the upper shell (62).

10. The sliding arc plasma generator with a built-in cyclone according to claim 7, characterized in that: Also includes: A graphite sealing gasket (9) is sleeved on the ceramic ring (5) and located between the ceramic ring (5) and the base plate (61). The graphite sealing gasket (9) is used to seal between the ceramic ring (5) and the base plate (61).

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