Method for improving wild melon sibling seed germination rate and seedling survival rate

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of wild muskmelon sibling species planting, and discloses a method for improving the germination rate of wild muskmelon sibling species and the survival rate of seedlings, by adopting the method provided by the invention, the germination rate of the wild muskmelon sibling species is improved by 16% or above, the survival rate of the seedlings is 98% or above, the strong seedling rate is high, the application rate of the wild muskmelon sibling species as stocks is increased, and the survival rate of the seedlings is increased. And the planting cost is reduced. When the seeds are treated, 84 disinfectant is added for disinfection, germs carried by the seeds can be effectively killed, and bacterial diseases in the seedling stage are reduced. Gibberellin is added in the seed treatment process, seed germination can be promoted, the emergence rate of the seeds is effectively increased, the emergence time of the seeds is shortened, manpower and material resources needed for physically breaking seed coats are omitted, and the production cost is reduced. The seedling substrate suitable for wild muskmelon related species is prepared, water retention and air permeability are good, peat dependence can be effectively reduced by adding coco coir and turf to replace soil, soil-borne diseases are avoided, and pest and disease damage is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of planting wild melon relatives, and in particular relates to a method for improving the germination rate and seedling survival rate of wild melon relatives. Background Art

[0002] Wild melon relatives: As a treasure trove of modern cultivated melon germplasm, wild melon relatives are distributed globally, encompassing over ten species of significant value. The spiny-horned melon (Cucumis metuliferus) of the African savannah carries a natural insect-resistant enzyme system, the wrinkled wild melon (Cucumis hystrix) of the Southeast Asian rainforests exhibits remarkable disease resistance, and the tiny sand melon (Cucumis picrocarpus) of the Australian desert preserves the genetic code for extreme drought tolerance within its fruit development regulatory genes. As the "super root system" of melon grafting, wild melon relatives, with their unique resistance and adaptability, are becoming a "green key" to overcoming the challenges of continuous cropping and adverse environmental stress in modern facility agriculture. However, due to their long-term adaptation to harsh environments, they have evolved complex dormancy mechanisms, making germination difficult. This is a survival strategy for plant populations, but it also creates a natural barrier to resource utilization. Currently, the mainstream method for seed germination assistance involves physical means, artificially breaking the seed wall to promote germination. However, due to their small size, handling is inconvenient and time-consuming. Using chemical methods to help wild melon seeds germinate can effectively improve seed germination potential and save a lot of manpower and time.

[0003] Through the above analysis, the problems and defects of the existing technology are as follows:

[0004] Due to the complex dormancy mechanisms that have evolved over time to adapt to harsh environments, the plant's difficulty in germinating is a survival strategy for the plant population, but it also creates a natural barrier to resource utilization. Currently, the mainstream method for helping seeds to break open is physical methods, artificially breaking the seed shell to promote germination. Due to the small size of the seeds, this operation is inconvenient and time-consuming. Using chemical methods to help wild melon seeds germinate can effectively improve seed germination potential, saving considerable labor and time. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of the problems existing in the prior art, the present invention provides a method for improving the germination rate and seedling survival rate of wild melon related species.

[0006] The present invention is achieved by a method for improving the germination rate and seedling survival rate of wild melon related species, comprising:

[0007] S1, seed treatment;

[0008] Select West Indian melon seeds with uniform shape and size and full grains, clean them to remove surface impurities and dry them;

[0009] Use Blue Moon 84 disinfectant 1:50 distilled water to prepare a disinfectant with an effective chlorine concentration of 300mg / L. Soak the seeds in the disinfectant for 30 minutes, then remove them and wash them with clean water.

[0010] Soak the cleaned seeds in 120 ppm gibberellin solution for 10 h;

[0011] S2. Preparation of seedling medium;

[0012] A seedling culture medium for wild melon relatives is prepared, wherein the main components of the seedling culture medium are 40-60% peat, 20-30% coconut bran, 10-20% perlite / vermiculite, 5-10% decomposed organic fertilizer, and 1-5% functional additives; water is added and mixed, and the moisture content is 55-60%;

[0013] S3, sowing;

[0014] Place the seedling medium in the hole tray and sow the treated seeds at a sowing depth of 0.8-1.0 cm. After sowing, smooth the surface with dry medium and then spray water until it is thoroughly irrigated.

[0015] S4, seedling management;

[0016] Maintain the greenhouse temperature at around 28°C and keep it ventilated. After the seedlings emerge, control the daytime temperature to 23-25°C and the nighttime temperature to 14-16°C to prevent the hypocotyls from becoming too long and forming leggy seedlings. When the seedlings have 2-3 leaves, control the daytime temperature to 28-30°C and the nighttime temperature to 18-20°C.

[0017] Keep the substrate soil moist during the seedling management period, and apply 500 times liquid seedling fertilizer once after the seedlings grow the first true leaf.

[0018] Furthermore, a 600-fold solution of thiophanate-methyl is added to the seedling medium to prevent diseases.

[0019] Furthermore, the thiophanate-methyl is a commercially available brand of Amicotel, with an active ingredient content of 56%.

[0020] Furthermore, the cell tray is a 50-hole cell tray.

[0021] Furthermore, the seedling-strengthening fertilizer is a medium-element water-soluble fertilizer, and natural organic acid substances such as humic acid and lignin are added;

[0022] During the seedling management period, when the seedlings grow 2-3 true leaves, apply 500 times liquid seedling fertilizer.

[0023] Furthermore, the seedling-strengthening fertilizer is a water-soluble fertilizer containing humic acid, and various nutrients are supplemented with biostimulants such as humus and mineral-derived fulvic acid.

[0024] Another object of the present invention is to provide a system for improving the germination rate and seedling survival rate of wild melon relatives, comprising:

[0025] The seed treatment module is used to select West Indian melon seeds with uniform shape and size and full grains, clean them to remove surface impurities, and dry them. A disinfectant with a concentration of 300mg / L effective chlorine is prepared by mixing Blue Moon 84 disinfectant with distilled water at a ratio of 1:50. The seeds are soaked in the disinfectant for 30 minutes, then removed and rinsed with clean water. The cleaned seeds are then soaked in a 120ppm gibberellin solution for 10 hours.

[0026] A seedling matrix preparation module is used to prepare a wild melon related species seedling matrix, wherein the main components of the seedling matrix are 40-60% peat, 20-30% coconut bran, 10-20% perlite / vermiculite, 5-10% decomposed organic fertilizer, and 1-5% functional additives; water is added and mixed, and the moisture content is 55-60%;

[0027] The sowing module is used to place the seedling substrate in the plug tray and sow the treated seeds at a sowing depth of 0.8-1.0 cm; after sowing, the dry substrate is smoothed and then watered thoroughly;

[0028] The seedling management module is used to maintain the greenhouse temperature at around 28°C and keep the greenhouse ventilated; after the seedlings emerge, the daytime temperature is controlled at 23-25°C and the nighttime temperature is 14-16°C to prevent the hypocotyls of the seedlings from becoming too long and forming leggy seedlings; when the seedlings grow to 2-3 leaves, the daytime temperature in the greenhouse is controlled at 28-30°C and the nighttime temperature is 18-20°C; during the seedling management period, the substrate soil is kept moist, and a 500-fold liquid seedling fertilizer is applied once the seedlings grow the first true leaf.

[0029] In combination with the above technical solutions and the technical problems solved, the advantages and positive effects of the technical solutions to be protected by the present invention are as follows:

[0030] First, by adopting the method provided by the present invention, the germination rate of wild melon relatives is increased by more than 16%, the seedling survival rate is more than 98%, the seedling vigor rate is high, the application rate of wild melon relatives as rootstocks is increased, and the planting cost is reduced.

[0031] During seed treatment, adding 84 disinfectant for disinfection can effectively disinfect pathogens carried by seeds and reduce the occurrence of bacterial diseases in the seedling stage. Adding gibberellins during seed treatment can promote seed germination, effectively increase the seed emergence rate, shorten the seed emergence time, eliminate the manpower and material resources required to physically break the seed coat, and reduce production costs.

[0032] Prepare a seedling medium suitable for wild melon relatives, offering excellent water retention and air permeability. Adding coconut coir and peat to the medium instead of soil effectively reduces peat reliance, prevents soil-borne diseases, and reduces pests and diseases. Furthermore, this medium maintains a slightly acidic pH of approximately 5.5-6.5, boasting high nutritional value and safe, reliable physical and chemical properties, making it suitable for most seedlings. Add a 600-fold dilution of pyrimidifen and chlorothalonil to the medium to prevent disease.

[0033] After the seedlings emerge from the soil, control the temperature in the greenhouse to prevent the hypocotyls of the seedlings from becoming elongated and forming tall seedlings.

[0034] Second, the technical solution of the present invention fills the technical gap in the industry at home and abroad:

[0035] 1. Synergistic technology for seed treatment and soil health

[0036] The traditional method separates seed treatment (shell breaking) from fertilization. The new technology achieves the optimization of the entire chain of "germination-growth-soil improvement" through the combined application of gibberellins (seeds) and humic acid (soil).

[0037] 2. Eco-friendly water-soluble fertilizer formula

[0038] Traditional water-soluble fertilizers lack protection for soil microorganisms and structures. Humic acid + lignocellulosic acid fills the technical gap of the trinity of "efficient fertilizer supply - soil remediation - environmental friendliness".

[0039] 3. Standardized seedling cultivation program under adverse conditions

[0040] To address the problem of seedling cultivation of wild related species under drought conditions, we provide a replicable comprehensive solution of chemical regulation and organic improvement.

[0041] Third, the technical solution of the present invention solves a technical problem that people have long been eager to solve but have never been able to successfully solve:

[0042] 1. Break the contradiction between dormancy and germination efficiency

[0043] Traditional physical shelling relies on manual or mechanical operations, which is inefficient and damages seeds; gibberellin treatment achieves chemical shelling, balancing efficiency and safety.

[0044] 2. The contradiction between seedling survival rate and environmental stress

[0045] Traditional water-soluble fertilizers only provide nutrients and cannot cope with soil degradation or adverse stress; humic acid + lignin significantly improves the survival rate of seedlings in drought, salinity and other environments (can increase by 15%-30%) by improving the soil and enhancing stress resistance.

[0046] 3. The conflict between short-term effects and long-term soil health

[0047] Traditional methods only focus on short-term germination or growth and ignore soil degradation issues; long-term application of humic acid + lignin can repair soil structure and maintain ecological sustainability.

[0048] Fourth, the technical solution of the present invention overcomes technical prejudice:

[0049] 1. Physical intervention is better than chemical regulation

[0050] Traditional views hold that mechanical shell breaking is the only reliable way to break dormancy. Gibberellic acid technology proves that chemical regulation is safer, more universal and feasible on a large scale.

[0051] 2. Fertilizers only need to provide NPK, without paying attention to trace elements and soil health

[0052] The application of humic acid + lignin emphasizes the combination of efficient utilization of medium and trace elements and soil improvement, breaking through the single nutrient supply model of traditional chemical fertilizers.

[0053] 3. Stress resistance depends solely on the crop’s own genes

[0054] Through the synergistic effect of exogenous gibberellins and humic acid, we can proactively enhance crop stress resistance and break the inherent perception that “stress resistance cannot be intervened.” BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0055] Figure 1 The present invention provides a flowchart of a method for improving the germination rate and seedling survival rate of wild melon relatives.

[0056] Figure 2 This is a flow chart of the sowing method provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

[0057] Figure 3 This is a block diagram of a system structure for improving the germination rate and seedling survival rate of wild melon relatives provided by an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0058] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0059] like Figure 1 As shown, an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for improving the germination rate and seedling survival rate of wild melon related species, comprising the following steps:

[0060] S1. Seed treatment

[0061] Select West Indian melon seeds with uniform shape and size and full grains, clean them to remove surface impurities and dry them;

[0062] Use Blue Moon 84 disinfectant 1:50 distilled water to prepare a disinfectant with an effective chlorine concentration of 300mg / L. Soak the seeds in the disinfectant for 30 minutes, then remove them and wash them with clean water.

[0063] Soak the cleaned seeds in 120 ppm gibberellin solution for 10 h;

[0064] 84 disinfectant is a common disinfectant in daily life. It has a high disinfecting rate against bacteria. Using it to treat melon seeds can effectively reduce the outbreak of bacterial diseases and prevent diseases such as fruit spot. The gibberellin soaking method is often used to treat seeds with thick skin and poor germination. The general soaking time is 12-24 hours, which can be adjusted according to the thickness of the seed coat. West Indian melon seeds are different from cultivated melons. Their seeds are smaller and have thinner seed coats. Therefore, the soaking time should be appropriately reduced to 10 hours to prevent seed rot.

[0065] S2. Preparation of seedling medium

[0066] A seedling culture medium for wild melon relatives is prepared, wherein the main components of the seedling culture medium are 40-60% peat, 20-30% coconut bran, 10-20% perlite / vermiculite, 5-10% decomposed organic fertilizer, and 1-5% functional additives; water is added and mixed, and the moisture content is 55-60%;

[0067] Prior art has shown that wild melon relatives commonly suffer from low germination rates, uneven emergence, and poor seedling survival rates during artificial propagation. This is primarily due to the seeds' deep dormancy and high stress resistance, which are unsuitable for artificial seedling cultivation environments. Furthermore, the physical and chemical properties of the substrate are out of sync with the native ecosystem, leading to a series of physiological stress reactions during seed germination and seedling establishment. Traditional treatment methods often use a single warm water germination method or a universal nutrient substrate, but these methods often fail to simultaneously activate dormant embryos and match their oxygen and water requirements. Germination rates remain low for long periods at 40%-60%, and seedlings are susceptible to physiological diseases such as excessive growth and damping-off.

[0068] The present invention constructs a standardized three-stage treatment path. First, to address the problem of seed physiological dormancy, a diluted and formulated effective chlorine disinfectant is introduced to sterilize the seed coat surface, and a gibberellin solution is used to perform deep hormone activation. By regulating the endogenous hormone balance and osmotic pressure state of the seeds, the seeds are induced to break dormancy, synchronously absorb water and swell, and activate the enzyme system, ensuring that the seed population enters the germination stage within a unified time window, thereby significantly improving the uniformity of germination and the penetration of the radicle.

[0069] In terms of seedling matrix construction, it has broken through the traditional seedling system based on peat or field soil. Through the compound combination of porous, breathable and moisture-retaining materials such as peat, coconut coir, perlite / vermiculite, and supplemented with functional additives and decomposed organic fertilizers to adjust the matrix buffering and microbial environment, it forms a complex microecological root domain environment that is both breathable and water-retaining, and rich in moderate nutrients and disease-resistant factors. It maximizes the natural preference of the roots of wild melon relatives for porous and slightly acidic structures, reducing the obstacles to radicle emergence and the risk of initial root drying.

[0070] The sowing process optimizes the integrated processing flow of hole tray containers, sowing depth control, and substrate flattening and moistening. By controlling the sowing depth in the range of 0.8~1.0 cm and using the double covering mechanism of dry substrate sealing layer and water infiltration, the seeds can obtain stable support in the direction vertical to gravity, while minimizing the resistance of the root embryo to breaking through the soil, thereby improving the speed and consistency of seedling emergence, avoiding the common problems of "empty holes" and "crooked seedlings", and ensuring the uniformity of the seedbed and the effective seedling rate.

[0071] In terms of seedling management strategy, a phased temperature control strategy is adopted, setting differentiated day and night temperature windows for different growth periods, and controlling the temperature at 28°C in the early stage to promote rapid germination; after emergence, the daytime temperature is strictly controlled at 23-25°C and the nighttime temperature at 14-16°C to inhibit the elongation of the hypocotyls and the formation of thin seedlings; as the growth progresses, the temperature is moderately raised to 30°C to promote the expansion of true leaves and the thickening of the root system. The entire management path forms a temperature dynamic curve of "high promotion-stable control-lengthening", which effectively avoids physiological elongation and poor seedling formation in the later stage.

[0072] This method also introduces a seedling-strengthening fertilizer management strategy at the true leaf stage of the seedlings, preferably medium-element water-soluble fertilizers containing biostimulants such as humic acid, lignin acid, and fulvic acid, and controls the dilution multiple and application time. After irrigation, it can significantly enhance the photosynthesis efficiency and root vitality of the seedlings, improve the absorption efficiency of water and mineral elements, maintain the seedling green index and dry matter accumulation level in adverse environments such as high humidity and low light, and further improve the seedling recovery speed and survival rate after planting.

[0073] Through the coordinated implementation of the above-mentioned systematic seed treatment, matrix optimization, sowing process improvement, precise environmental control and dynamic nutritional intervention technology, the present invention starts from the physiological mechanism of germination and opens up a continuous seedling cultivation chain from "dormancy release" to "seedbed construction", realizing a breakthrough solution for adaptive seedling cultivation of wild melon related species, stably improving the germination rate to more than 90%, and the seedling survival rate to more than 85%.

[0074] like Figure 2 As shown, S3, seeding

[0075] Place the seedling medium in the hole tray and sow the treated seeds at a sowing depth of 0.8-1.0 cm. After sowing, smooth the surface with dry medium and then spray water until it is thoroughly irrigated.

[0076] S4. Seedling management

[0077] Maintain the greenhouse temperature at around 28°C and keep it ventilated. After the seedlings emerge, control the daytime temperature to 23-25°C and the nighttime temperature to 14-16°C to prevent the hypocotyls from becoming too long and forming leggy seedlings. When the seedlings have 2-3 leaves, control the daytime temperature to 28-30°C and the nighttime temperature to 18-20°C.

[0078] Keep the substrate soil moist during the seedling management period, and apply 500 times liquid seedling fertilizer once after the seedlings grow the first true leaf.

[0079] A 600-fold dilution of thiophanate-methyl is added to the seedling culture medium provided in the embodiment of the present invention to prevent diseases.

[0080] The thiophanate-methyl provided in the embodiment of the present invention is a commercially available brand Amicos, with an active ingredient content of 56%.

[0081] The cell tray provided in the embodiment of the present invention is a 50-hole cell tray.

[0082] The seedling-strengthening fertilizer provided in the embodiment of the present invention is a water-soluble fertilizer containing medium elements, and natural organic acid substances such as humic acid and lignin are added;

[0083] During the seedling management period, when the seedlings grow 2-3 true leaves, apply 500 times liquid seedling fertilizer.

[0084] The seedling-strengthening fertilizer provided by the embodiment of the present invention is a water-soluble fertilizer containing humic acid, and various nutrients are supplemented with biostimulants such as humus and mineral-derived fulvic acid.

[0085] like Figure 3 As shown, an embodiment of the present invention provides a system for improving the germination rate and seedling survival rate of wild melon related species, comprising:

[0086] The seed treatment module is used to select West Indian melon seeds with uniform shape and size and full grains, clean them to remove surface impurities, and dry them. A disinfectant with a concentration of 300mg / L effective chlorine is prepared by mixing Blue Moon 84 disinfectant with distilled water at a ratio of 1:50. The seeds are soaked in the disinfectant for 30 minutes, then removed and rinsed with clean water. The cleaned seeds are then soaked in a 120ppm gibberellin solution for 10 hours.

[0087] A seedling matrix preparation module is used to prepare a wild melon related species seedling matrix, wherein the main components of the seedling matrix are 40-60% peat, 20-30% coconut bran, 10-20% perlite / vermiculite, 5-10% decomposed organic fertilizer, and 1-5% functional additives; water is added and mixed, and the moisture content is 55-60%;

[0088] The sowing module is used to place the seedling substrate in the plug tray and sow the treated seeds at a sowing depth of 0.8-1.0 cm; after sowing, the dry substrate is smoothed and then watered thoroughly;

[0089] The seedling management module is used to maintain the greenhouse temperature at around 28°C and keep the greenhouse ventilated; after the seedlings emerge, the daytime temperature is controlled at 23-25°C and the nighttime temperature is 14-16°C to prevent the hypocotyls of the seedlings from becoming too long and forming leggy seedlings; when the seedlings grow to 2-3 leaves, the daytime temperature in the greenhouse is controlled at 28-30°C and the nighttime temperature is 18-20°C; during the seedling management period, the substrate soil is kept moist, and a 500-fold liquid seedling fertilizer is applied once the seedlings grow the first true leaf.

[0090] The present invention is specifically implemented:

[0091] Example 1 is a normal process for producing grafted seedlings of wild melon relatives, comprising the following steps:

[0092] S1. Seed treatment

[0093] Select 100 West Indian melon seeds of uniform shape and size with full grains, and clean them to remove impurities on the skin.

[0094] Use 84 disinfectant for disinfection, soak the seeds in the disinfectant, take them out and wash them with clean water.

[0095] The 84 disinfectant is Blue Moon 84 disinfectant, which is prepared by mixing 1:50 distilled water into a disinfectant with an effective chlorine concentration of 300 mg / L, and the seeds are soaked in the disinfectant for 30 minutes.

[0096] The seed coat is broken by physical means to facilitate germination.

[0097] S2. Preparation of seedling medium

[0098] Prepare a seedling medium suitable for West Indian melon, wherein the main components of the seedling medium are 40-60% peat, 20-30% coconut coir, 10-20% perlite / vermiculite, 5-10% decomposed organic fertilizer, and 1-5% functional additives. Add water and mix thoroughly until the moisture content is 55-60%.

[0099] Add 600 times diluted pyraclostrobin and thiophanate-methyl to the seedling medium to prevent diseases.

[0100] The thiophanate-methyl is a commercially available brand, Amicos, with an active ingredient content of 56%.

[0101] S3. Seeding

[0102] Place the seedling medium in a 50-hole tray and sow the treated seeds at a sowing depth of 0.8 cm. After sowing, smooth 1.2 cm with dry medium and water thoroughly with sprinkler irrigation.

[0103] S4. Seedling management

[0104] Maintain the greenhouse temperature at around 28°C and keep it well ventilated. After the seedlings emerge, keep the daytime temperature at 23-25°C and the nighttime temperature at 14-16°C to prevent the hypocotyls from elongating and becoming leggy. When the seedlings have 2-3 leaves, keep the daytime temperature at 28-30°C and the nighttime temperature at 18-20°C.

[0105] Using the method of Example 1, the germination rate of the watermelon was 24%, and the seedling survival rate was 84%.

[0106] Example 2 is a method for improving the germination rate and survival rate of wild melon relatives, comprising the following steps:

[0107] S1. Seed treatment

[0108] Select 100 West Indian melon seeds of uniform shape and size with full grains, and clean them to remove impurities on the skin.

[0109] Use 84 disinfectant for disinfection, soak the seeds in the disinfectant, take them out and wash them with clean water.

[0110] The 84 disinfectant is Blue Moon 84 disinfectant, which is prepared by mixing 1:50 distilled water into a disinfectant with an effective chlorine concentration of 300 mg / L, and the seeds are soaked in the disinfectant for 30 minutes.

[0111] Soak the cleaned seeds in 120 ppm gibberellin solution for 16 hours.

[0112] S2. Preparation of seedling medium

[0113] Prepare a seedling medium suitable for West Indian melon, wherein the main components of the seedling medium are 40-60% peat, 20-30% coconut coir, 10-20% perlite / vermiculite, 5-10% decomposed organic fertilizer, and 1-5% functional additives. Add water and mix thoroughly until the moisture content is 55-60%.

[0114] Add 600 times diluted pyraclostrobin and thiophanate-methyl to the seedling medium to prevent diseases.

[0115] The thiophanate-methyl is a commercially available brand, Amicos, with an active ingredient content of 56%.

[0116] S3. Seeding

[0117] Place the seedling medium in a 50-hole tray and sow the treated seeds at a sowing depth of 0.8 cm. After sowing, smooth 1.2 cm with dry medium and water thoroughly with sprinkler irrigation.

[0118] S4. Seedling management

[0119] Maintain the greenhouse temperature at around 28°C and keep it well ventilated. After the seedlings emerge, keep the daytime temperature at 23-25°C and the nighttime temperature at 14-16°C to prevent the hypocotyls from elongating and becoming leggy. When the seedlings have 2-3 leaves, keep the daytime temperature at 28-30°C and the nighttime temperature at 18-20°C.

[0120] Keep the substrate soil moist during the seedling management period, and apply 500 times liquid seedling fertilizer once after the seedlings grow the first true leaf.

[0121] Preferably, the seedling-strengthening fertilizer is a medium-element water-soluble fertilizer, with added natural organic acid substances such as humic acid and lignin.

[0122] During the seedling management period, when the seedlings grow 2-3 true leaves, apply 500 times liquid seedling fertilizer.

[0123] Preferably, the seedling-strengthening fertilizer is a water-soluble fertilizer containing humic acid, and various nutrients are supplemented with biostimulants such as humus and mineral-derived fulvic acid.

[0124] Using the method of Example 2, the germination rate of the watermelon was 30%, and the seedling survival rate was 90%.

[0125] Example 3 is a method for improving the germination rate and survival rate of wild melon relatives, comprising the following steps:

[0126] S1. Seed treatment

[0127] Select 100 West Indian melon seeds of uniform shape and size with full grains, and clean them to remove impurities on the skin.

[0128] Use 84 disinfectant for disinfection, soak the seeds in the disinfectant, take them out and wash them with clean water.

[0129] The 84 disinfectant is Blue Moon 84 disinfectant, which is prepared by mixing 1:50 distilled water into a disinfectant with an effective chlorine concentration of 300 mg / L, and the seeds are soaked in the disinfectant for 30 minutes.

[0130] Soak the cleaned seeds in 120 ppm gibberellin solution for 10 hours.

[0131] S2. Preparation of seedling medium

[0132] Prepare a seedling medium suitable for West Indian melon, wherein the main components of the seedling medium are 40-60% peat, 20-30% coconut coir, 10-20% perlite / vermiculite, 5-10% decomposed organic fertilizer, and 1-5% functional additives. Add water and mix thoroughly until the moisture content is 55-60%.

[0133] Add 600 times diluted pyraclostrobin and thiophanate-methyl to the seedling medium to prevent diseases.

[0134] The thiophanate-methyl is a commercially available brand, Amicos, with an active ingredient content of 56%.

[0135] S3. Seeding

[0136] Place the seedling medium in a 50-hole tray and sow the treated seeds at a sowing depth of 0.8 cm. After sowing, smooth 1.2 cm with dry medium and water thoroughly with sprinkler irrigation.

[0137] S4. Seedling management

[0138] Maintain the greenhouse temperature at around 28°C and keep it well ventilated. After the seedlings emerge, keep the daytime temperature at 23-25°C and the nighttime temperature at 14-16°C to prevent the hypocotyls from elongating and becoming leggy. When the seedlings have 2-3 leaves, keep the daytime temperature at 28-30°C and the nighttime temperature at 18-20°C.

[0139] Keep the substrate soil moist during the seedling management period, and apply 500 times liquid seedling fertilizer once after the seedlings grow the first true leaf.

[0140] Preferably, the seedling-strengthening fertilizer is a medium-element water-soluble fertilizer, with added natural organic acid substances such as humic acid and lignin.

[0141] During the seedling management period, when the seedlings grow 2-3 true leaves, apply 500 times liquid seedling fertilizer.

[0142] Preferably, the seedling-strengthening fertilizer is a water-soluble fertilizer containing humic acid, and various nutrients are supplemented with biostimulants such as humus and mineral-derived fulvic acid.

[0143] Using the method of Example 3, the germination rate of the watermelon was 40%, and the seedling survival rate was 98%.

[0144] contrast

[0145] Representative Examples 1 and 3 were selected. In Example 1, the gibberellin treatment was removed and the seeds were treated using traditional physical shell-breaking technology. The two applications of seedling-strengthening fertilizer during the seedling management period were removed. All other aspects were consistent with Example 3. The germination rate was 24% and the seedling survival rate was 84%, which were lower than the effects of Example 3. When treating seeds, the addition of gibberellin can eliminate the complicated physical shell-breaking process, and the appropriate concentration of gibberellin does not have a negative impact on the plant. The promoting effects of gibberellin on promoting seed germination include but are not limited to:

[0146] 1. Breaking seed dormancy

[0147] Many seeds fail to germinate due to dormancy mechanisms (such as seed coat obstruction, immature embryos, or the presence of inhibitory substances). Gibberellic acid (GA) can replace low-temperature stratification or light conditions, promoting embryo development and breaking dormancy by regulating gene expression (such as activating the α-amylase gene). For example, GA treatment can break dormancy in cereal seeds such as wheat and rice.

[0148] 2. Accelerate the germination process

[0149] Gibberellic acid provides energy and nutrition to the embryo and shortens the germination time by inducing the decomposition of storage substances (starch, protein) in the endosperm.

[0150] It is effective for seeds with low germination rates or slow germination (such as certain flower or vegetable seeds).

[0151] 3. Alternative environmental signals

[0152] Some seeds require specific environmental signals (such as light or temperature fluctuations) to germinate. Gibberellic acid can mimic these signals, allowing seeds to germinate under unsuitable conditions (for example, light-requiring seeds can germinate in the dark).

[0153] Relative to Example 1, Example 3 applies two seedling-strengthening fertilizers during the seedling management period, which are respectively the water-soluble fertilizers of the middle elements added with humic acid and lignin and the water-soluble fertilizers containing humic acid compared to traditional water-soluble fertilizers, humic acid and lignin are owing to containing abundant active functional groups, can form stable chelates with the middle elements such as calcium, magnesium, sulfur, can effectively prevent the middle elements from being fixed by the phosphate or carbonate in the matrix, improve its mobility and root absorption rate in the matrix, especially can prevent alkaline hazards. Meanwhile, the small molecule fragments of humic acid can stimulate the permeability of plant cell membranes, help middle elements to enter the plant body faster, reduce nutrient loss. Meanwhile, humic acid can induce plant to synthesize osmotic regulating substances such as proline, betaine, enhance cell water holding capacity, and lignin can promote root development, expand the absorption range of water and nutrients.

[0154] For the substrate, humic acid can promote colloid aggregation, improve the permeability and water retention of the substrate, create a more suitable growth environment for the root system, effectively increase the water holding capacity of the substrate by 20-30%, and alleviate the soil acidification problem caused by the planting process.

[0155] The germination rate calculation method of the present invention is: germination rate = number of germinated seeds ÷ number of treated seeds × 100%. The seedling survival rate calculation method of the present invention is: seedling survival rate = number of surviving seedlings ÷ number of germinated seeds × 100%.

[0156] It should be noted that the embodiments of the present invention can be implemented by hardware, software, or a combination of software and hardware. The hardware portion can be implemented using dedicated logic; the software portion can be stored in a memory and executed by an appropriate instruction execution system, such as a microprocessor or dedicated design hardware. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the above-mentioned devices and methods can be implemented using computer-executable instructions and / or contained in processor control code, for example, such as a carrier medium such as a disk, CD or DVD-ROM, a programmable memory such as a read-only memory (firmware), or a data carrier such as an optical or electronic signal carrier. The devices and modules of the present invention can be implemented by hardware circuits such as very large-scale integrated circuits or gate arrays, semiconductors such as logic chips, transistors, or programmable hardware devices such as field programmable gate arrays, programmable logic devices, etc., can also be implemented by software executed by various types of processors, or can be implemented by a combination of the above-mentioned hardware circuits and software, such as firmware.

[0157] The above description is only a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made by any technician familiar with this technical field within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention and within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be covered by the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for improving the germination rate and seedling survival rate of wild melon relatives, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Seed treatment, including the following: a. Select neatly shaped, plump West Indian melon seeds, wash them, and dry them; b. Prepare an effective chlorine concentration of 300 mg / L disinfectant, soak the seeds for 30 minutes, and then rinse with water; c. Soak the washed seeds in a 120 ppm gibberellin solution for 10 hours.

2. A method for improving the survival rate of wild melon related species seedlings, characterized in that: The method comprises the following steps of preparing a seedling-growing matrix: Peat, coconut husk, perlite or vermiculite, decomposed organic fertilizer, and functional additives are mixed, wherein the proportion of the components is: peat accounts for 40% to 60%, coconut husk accounts for 20% to 30%, perlite or vermiculite accounts for 10% to 20%, decomposed organic fertilizer accounts for 5% to 10%, and functional additives accounts for 1% to 5%; Add clean water and stir to control the moisture content of the substrate to 55% to 60%.

3. A method for increasing the germination rate of wild melon relatives, characterized in that: The sowing steps include: Fill the prepared seedling medium into the hole tray, sow the treated seeds in the medium, and control the sowing depth between 0.8 cm and 1.0 cm. After sowing, cover with dry medium and spray water until the medium is fully moistened.

4. A method for improving the survival rate of wild melon related species seedlings, characterized in that: The seedling management steps include the following: During the period from seed germination to emergence, the temperature of the seedling environment should be controlled at 28℃ and ventilation should be maintained; After the seedlings emerge from the soil, the daytime temperature is controlled at 23°C to 25°C and the nighttime temperature is controlled at 14°C to 16°C to inhibit excessive growth; When the seedlings grow to 2 to 3 leaves, the daytime temperature should be controlled at 28℃ to 30℃ and the nighttime temperature should be controlled at 18℃ to 20℃.

5. The method according to claim 4, wherein After the seedlings grow the first true leaf, apply a 500-fold diluted solution of seedling-strengthening fertilizer to the substrate.

6. The method according to claim 2, wherein A 600-fold diluted azoxystrobin and thiophanate-methyl compound solution is added to the seedling culture medium for disease prevention.

7. The method according to claim 3, wherein The hole tray is a 50-hole seedling tray, which is used to control the seedling spacing and root growth space.

8. The method according to claim 5, wherein The seedling-strengthening fertilizer is a water-soluble medium-element fertilizer containing organic acid biostimulants such as humic acid, lignin acid or mineral-derived fulvic acid.

9. A system for improving the germination rate and seedling survival rate of wild melon relatives, characterized in that: include: Seed treatment module, used to complete seed disinfection and gibberellin treatment; Seedling medium preparation module, used to mix peat, coconut coir, perlite or vermiculite, organic fertilizer and functional additives, and control the moisture content to 55%-60%; A sowing module is used to sow the processed seeds into a hole tray at a preset depth and spray water; The seedling management module is used to control the temperature and humidity parameters of the seedling environment and perform nutrient supplement operations.

10. The system according to claim 9, wherein: The seedling culture matrix preparation module is provided with a liquid preparation unit for uniformly injecting azoxystrobin and thiophanate-methyl compound liquid.

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