Perforating device for vertebral pedicle

Abstract

The invention discloses a vertebral pedicle punching device, and relates to the technical field of medical instruments. The sleeve is provided with a cavity extending and penetrating in the length direction of the sleeve. One end of the cone rod is a cone head, the other end of the cone rod is a handle, the cone rod is arranged in the cavity in a penetrating mode and makes contact with the inner circumferential face of the cavity, and the cone rod can stretch out and draw back relative to the sleeve so as to punch holes in the vertebral pedicle; the positioning assembly comprises a positioning block, one end of the positioning block is provided with a connecting part fixedly connected with the peripheral face of the sleeve, and the other end of the positioning block is provided with a positioning part capable of abutting against a clamping structure limited by the transverse process and the superior zygopophysis. The pedicle screw can provide an accurate positioning function, and the success rate of internal fixation of the pedicle screw and the operation efficiency are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of medical instruments, in particular to a pedicle drilling device. Background Art

[0002] Pedicle screw fixation is a common surgical procedure in spinal surgery (such as lumbar degenerative lesions) and can achieve excellent therapeutic results. However, during surgery, pedicle screw placement requires drilling. As the pedicles of the thoracic and cervical spine decrease in size from the lumbar spine upwards, the difficulty and risk of pedicle screw fixation procedures increase. Therefore, determining the drilling point and establishing a safe needle insertion channel are crucial for successful and safe pedicle screw placement.

[0003] Existing pedicle drilling tools primarily consist of an outer sleeve and an awl. The awl is inserted into the outer sleeve and can be extended relative to the outer sleeve. During use, the outer sleeve abuts the vertebra, and the awl is used to drill holes at the drilling locations, facilitating subsequent pedicle screw placement. However, while these pedicle drilling tools are simple in structure and easy to operate, they lack accurate positioning, which affects the success rate of pedicle screw fixation and the efficiency of the procedure. Therefore, existing pedicle drilling devices require further structural optimization. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present invention aims to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art. To this end, the present invention provides a pedicle drilling device that can provide accurate positioning function, thereby helping to improve the success rate of pedicle screw internal fixation and the efficiency of the operation.

[0005] An embodiment of the present invention provides a pedicle drilling device, comprising: The sleeve has a cavity extending through the sleeve along its length; A tapered rod, one end of which is a cone head and the other end is a handle, the tapered rod is inserted into the cavity and contacts the inner circumference of the cavity, and the tapered rod can be extended and retracted relative to the sleeve to drill a hole on the pedicle; The positioning assembly includes a positioning block, one end of which is set as a connecting part, which is fixedly connected to the outer peripheral surface of the sleeve, and the other end is set as a positioning part, which can be abutted against the locking structure defined by the transverse process and the superior articular process.

[0006] The pedicle drilling device according to the embodiment of the present invention has at least the following beneficial effects: when it is necessary to drill a hole on the pedicle, the positioning component is used for positioning so that the sleeve can accurately abut against the corresponding position of the vertebra for subsequent drilling. Specifically, the positioning portion of the positioning block is caused to abut against the positioning structure defined between the transverse process and the superior articular process on the vertebra to complete the radial positioning of the sleeve, and then the sleeve is pressed against the vertebra to ensure that the sleeve is accurately located at the position of the vertebra, and then the cone rod is moved axially relative to the sleeve to complete the drilling work using the cone head.

[0007] By cooperating with the positioning assembly, sleeve and cone rod in part of the vertebral structure, the cone rod can be accurately positioned and the drilling position can be kept constant during the drilling process, thereby avoiding the reduction in drilling quality and efficiency due to the easy change of the drilling position, thereby helping to improve the success rate of pedicle screw internal fixation and the surgical efficiency.

[0008] In some embodiments of the present invention, the connecting portion is detachably connected to the sleeve.

[0009] In some embodiments of the present invention, the sleeve is provided with a plurality of serrations on one end surface close to the cone head along its length direction, and the plurality of serrations are arranged around the circumference of the sleeve.

[0010] In some embodiments of the present invention, the cavity is cylindrical, and the outer circumference of the tapered rod is adaptively connected to the inner circumference of the cavity.

[0011] In some embodiments of the present invention, the sleeve is a round tube.

[0012] In some embodiments of the present invention, the positioning assembly is provided in plurality and is evenly arranged around the circumference of the tapered rod; the positioning assembly further comprises a connecting rod, the connecting rod extending along the length direction of the sleeve and fixedly connected to the connecting portion; The pedicle drilling device further includes a switching mechanism, which includes: An outer cylinder is coaxially sleeved and fixedly connected to the sleeve, the outer cylinder having an inner cavity with an open structure at one end, and a plurality of elongated holes in communication with the inner cavity are provided on the outer circumference of the outer cylinder, the elongated holes extending along the length direction of the outer cylinder and being evenly arranged around the circumference of the outer cylinder; A plurality of pressing members are provided, and are respectively arranged corresponding to the plurality of the elongated holes. The pressing members are fixedly connected to the connecting rod. A side of the pressing member away from the central axis of the outer cylinder is provided with a toggle portion protruding from the elongated hole, and a side of the pressing member close to the central axis of the outer cylinder is provided with a toothed portion; an inner ring member, which is coaxially and fixedly disposed in the inner cavity, the inner ring member being provided with a plurality of guide holes, and the plurality of connecting rods being slidably connected to the plurality of guide holes respectively; a plurality of elastic members, each of which is corresponding to the plurality of pressing members, wherein both ends of the elastic member are connected to the pressing member and the inner ring member, respectively, and the elastic member can drive the pressing member to drive the positioning assembly to move in a direction away from the opening structure; The latching tooth portion can be engaged with the outer tube when the pressing member is in a natural state, so that the positioning assembly protrudes from the opening structure; the toggle portion can be moved out of the elongated hole to release the engagement between the latching tooth portion and the outer tube.

[0013] In some embodiments of the present invention, the elastic member is a spring, and the elastic member is sleeved on the connecting rod.

[0014] In some embodiments of the present invention, the inner ring member is provided with a plurality of cylindrical grooves, and one end of the elastic member extends into the groove.

[0015] In some embodiments of the present invention, the guide hole is a round hole, the connecting rod is a round rod, and the outer circumference of the connecting rod is adaptively connected to the inner circumference of the guide hole.

[0016] In some embodiments of the present invention, the outer cylinder is provided with a cylindrical boss, the boss is located on the side of the inner cavity away from the opening structure, and is coaxially connected to the outer cylinder, the tooth portion can be engaged with the surface of the boss close to the opening structure, and the boss is provided with a through hole for the sleeve to pass through.

[0017] Other features and advantages of the present invention will be described in the following description, and in part will become apparent from the description, or will be understood by practicing the present invention. The purposes and other advantages of the present invention can be realized and obtained by the structures particularly pointed out in the description, claims and drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of vertebrae in the prior art; Figure 2 is a top view of a vertebra in the prior art; Figure 3 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a pedicle drilling device according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 yes Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the structural cross-section of section AA; Figure 5 It is a schematic cross-sectional view of the structure of a pedicle drilling device provided according to another embodiment of the present invention.

[0019] Figure numerals: 110, vertebral body; 120, pedicle; 130, transverse process; 140, superior articular process; 150, tapered hole; 160, locking structure; 210, sleeve; 220, tapered rod; 221, tapered head; 222, handle; 310, positioning block; 320, connecting block; 330, connecting rod; 410, outer cylinder; 411, long hole; 412, inner cavity; 413, opening structure; 420, inner ring; 421, groove; 430, elastic member; 440, pressing member; 441, toggle portion; 442, tooth portion; 450, boss. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] The following describes embodiments of the present invention in detail. Examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals throughout represent the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are intended only to explain the present invention and are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0021] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise specified, "plurality" means two or more.

[0022] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "connected" and "connection" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, they can refer to fixed connection, detachable connection, or integral connection; mechanical connection or electrical connection; direct connection or indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and internal communication between two components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0023] Reference below Figures 1 to 5 The pedicle drilling device provided according to an embodiment of the present invention is described.

[0024] like Figures 1 to 5 As shown, the pedicle drilling device according to the embodiment of the present invention can be used in spinal treatment surgery, especially pedicle screw internal fixation surgery. It can not only complete the drilling work before pedicle screw placement, but also provide accurate positioning function, improve the quality of the drilling work, thereby helping to improve the success rate of pedicle screw internal fixation and surgical efficiency.

[0025] like Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the structure of the pedicle drilling device includes a sleeve 210, a tapered rod 220 and a positioning component.

[0026] The cannula 210 is hollow and has a cavity formed therein. The cavity extends along the length of the cannula 210, forming cavity openings at both ends of the cannula 210. In this embodiment, the cannula 210 can be a round tube with a smooth outer surface without sharp edges for easy gripping. The cannula 210 can be made of metal such as stainless steel or titanium alloy.

[0027] One end of the tapered rod 220 is a cone head 221 with a blade capable of drilling holes in the vertebrae. The other end of the tapered rod 220 is a handle 222, which can be a horizontal grip or a spherical grip, allowing the operator to grasp the handle 222 and apply force to rotate the tapered rod 220 about its central axis. The tapered rod 220 is inserted into the cavity of the sleeve 210 and contacts the inner circumference of the cavity. The tapered rod 220 and the sleeve 210 are coaxially arranged and can be extended and retracted relative to the sleeve 210 to drill holes in the pedicle 120. In this embodiment, the cavity is cylindrical, and the outer circumference of the tapered rod 220 is adapted to connect with the inner circumference of the cavity.

[0028] It is understood that both ends of the tapered rod 220 can protrude from the sleeve 210. Specifically, the handle 222 is located outside one of the cavity openings of the sleeve 210, and the cone head 221 is located outside the other cavity opening of the sleeve 210. The specific dimensions of the sleeve 210 and the tapered rod 220 can be selected according to actual needs and are not specifically limited here. By pulling the handle 222, the cone head 221 can be driven to retract into the cavity of the sleeve 210. By applying downward pressure and rotational force to the handle 222, the tapered rod 220 can be simultaneously extended and rotated relative to the sleeve 210, allowing the cone head 221 to make a hole at the corresponding position of the vertebra, facilitating the subsequent insertion of the pedicle screw. The tapered rod 220 can be made of metal such as stainless steel or titanium alloy.

[0029] The positioning assembly includes a positioning block 310. One end of the positioning block 310 is configured as a connecting portion, and the other end of the positioning block 310 is configured as a positioning portion. The connecting portion is fixedly connected to the outer circumference of the sleeve 210, such as by screw connection or integral molding. Specifically, a connecting block 320 is provided between the connecting portion and the outer circumference of the sleeve 210. The ends of the connecting block 320 are respectively fixedly connected to the connecting portion and the sleeve 210, so that the positioning block 310 is fixed relative to the sleeve 210. The positioning portion can be abutted against the retaining structure 160 defined by the transverse process 130 and the superior articular process 140. The positioning portion has an arcuate surface that is configured to fit the retaining structure 160.

[0030] It is understandable that if Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, in the prior art, the structure of a vertebra generally includes a vertebral body 110, a pedicle 120, a transverse process 130, and an upper articular process 140. Furthermore, the vertebra has a tapered hole 150 extending vertically therethrough. There are two pedicles 120, each located on the same side of the vertebral body 110. The two pedicles 120 are located on either side of the tapered hole 150, such that the two pedicles 120 are spaced apart. A transverse process 130 and an upper articular process 140 are formed on the end of each pedicle 120 away from the vertebral body 110, and an acute-angled retaining structure 160 is formed between the transverse process 130 and the upper articular process 140.

[0031] The pedicle screw is inserted along the extension direction of the pedicle 120. During the drilling process, the sleeve 210 presses against the vertebra, but it is difficult for the operator to determine the drilling position. Therefore, the present application utilizes the function of the positioning assembly, utilizing the positioning portion of the positioning block 310 to be inserted into the retaining structure 160 between the transverse process 130 and the superior articular process 140. The positioning portion is adapted to connect with the retaining structure 160, so that the positioning portion can be limited by the transverse process 130 and the superior articular process 140, thereby preventing the positioning portion from easily swinging in the retaining structure 160. At this time, the positioning portion can move in the retaining structure 160 along the length direction of the sleeve 210 until the sleeve 210 can press against the vertebra. When the positioning portion is adapted and connected to the locking structure 160 and the sleeve 210 is in contact with the vertebra, the drilling position is determined. Then, the operator can apply external force to the tapered rod 220 while holding the sleeve 210 to enable the tapered rod 220 to drill a hole in the pedicle 120.

[0032] During the use of the pedicle drilling device of an embodiment of the present invention, when it is necessary to drill a hole on the pedicle 120, the positioning component is used for positioning so that the sleeve 210 can accurately abut against the corresponding position of the vertebra for subsequent drilling. Specifically, the positioning portion of the positioning block 310 is caused to abut against the locking structure 160 defined between the transverse process 130 and the superior articular process 140 on the vertebra to complete the radial positioning of the sleeve 210. The sleeve 210 is then pressed against the vertebra to ensure that the sleeve 210 is accurately located at the position of the vertebra. The cone rod 220 is then moved axially relative to the sleeve 210 to complete the drilling work using the cone head 221.

[0033] By cooperating with the partial structure of the vertebra through the positioning assembly, the sleeve 210 and the tapered rod 220, the tapered rod 220 can be accurately positioned and the punching position can be kept constant during the punching process, thereby avoiding the reduction in punching quality and efficiency due to the easy change of the punching position, thereby helping to improve the success rate of pedicle screw internal fixation and the efficiency of the operation.

[0034] In some embodiments, the connecting portion is detachably connected to the sleeve 210. Specifically, the connecting portion can be screwed to the sleeve 210, facilitating removal and replacement of the positioning assembly from the sleeve 210. It is understood that the operator can replace the appropriate positioning assembly based on the drilling requirements and the positioning structure 160 defined by the transverse process 130 and the superior articular process 140.

[0035] In some embodiments, the sleeve 210 is provided with a serration along one end surface of the sleeve 210 near the cone head 221 along its length. Multiple serrations are provided, and the serrations are arranged circumferentially around the sleeve 210. It is understood that the specific dimensions of the serrations can be set based on actual conditions and are not specifically limited herein. The serrations allow the sleeve 210 to grip the vertebra tightly when pressed against it, maintaining a stable position on the vertebra. This effectively prevents the sleeve 210 from easily shifting and affecting the efficiency and quality of the drilling process.

[0036] In some embodiments, as Figure 5 As shown, multiple positioning assemblies are provided, and the multiple positioning assemblies are evenly arranged around the circumference of the tapered rod 220. Specifically, the positioning assembly further includes a connecting rod 330, wherein the length of the connecting rod 330 extends along the length direction of the sleeve 210, and one end of the connecting rod 330 is fixedly connected to the connecting portion, such as by integral molding.

[0037] Furthermore, the structure of the pedicle drilling device further includes a switching mechanism, which includes an outer cylinder 410 , a pressing member 440 , an inner ring member 420 and an elastic member 430 .

[0038] The outer cylinder 410 is coaxially sleeved on the sleeve 210 and fixedly connected to the sleeve 210. The outer cylinder 410 has an inner cavity 412, one end of which is an open structure 413 and the other end of which is a closed structure. The outer circumference of the outer cylinder 410 is provided with an elongated hole 411, which is connected to the inner cavity 412 and passes through the inner and outer sides of the outer cylinder 410 along the radial direction of the outer cylinder 410. The elongated hole 411 extends along the length of the outer cylinder 410. There are multiple elongated holes 411, and the multiple elongated holes 411 are evenly arranged around the circumference of the outer cylinder 410. The number of elongated holes 411 is consistent with the number of positioning components.

[0039] It will be appreciated that the outer cylinder 410 is cylindrical, and the inner cavity 412 is cylindrical. The number of elongated holes 411 and the number of positioning components can be selected based on actual circumstances and are not specifically limited here. The outer cylinder 410 can be made of metal such as stainless steel. In this embodiment, the opening structure 413 is located on one side of the inner cavity 412, and all elongated holes 411 are located on the other side of the inner cavity 412.

[0040] There are multiple pressing members 440, and each of the pressing members 440 corresponds to each of the multiple elongated holes 411. The pressing members 440 are located on the side of the connecting rod 330 near the elongated holes 411 and are fixedly connected to the connecting rod 330. A toggle portion 441 is provided on the side of the pressing member 440 away from the central axis of the outer cylinder 410. The toggle portion 441 protrudes from the elongated holes 411, making it easier for the operator to apply external force to the toggle portion 441. A latching tooth portion 442 is provided on the side of the pressing member 440 near the central axis of the outer cylinder 410.

[0041] It is understood that the specific size and shape of the pressing member 440 can be set according to actual conditions and are not specifically limited here. By applying a force along the axial direction of the outer cylinder 410 to the pressing member 440, the pressing member 440 can drive the connecting rod 330 and the positioning block 310 to move along the axial direction of the outer cylinder 410, thereby adjusting the position of the positioning block 310 relative to the sleeve 210.

[0042] The inner ring 420 is fixedly arranged in the inner cavity 412. The inner ring 420 and the outer cylinder 410 are coaxially arranged. The inner ring 420 is provided with a guide hole. The guide hole extends through the axial direction of the outer cylinder 410. There are multiple guide holes. Moreover, multiple connecting rods 330 are respectively slidably connected to the multiple guide holes, so that the connecting rod 330 can drive the positioning block 310 to slide relative to the inner ring 420. In this embodiment, the guide hole is a circular hole, the connecting rod 330 is a round rod, and the outer circumferential surface of the connecting rod 330 is adapted to be connected to the inner circumferential surface of the guide hole. The inner ring 420 can be fixed to the outer cylinder 410 by screws. The inner ring 420 is annular, and a ring hole is provided at the center of the inner ring 420 for the sleeve 210 to pass through. The inner ring 420 can be a plastic part or a metal part.

[0043] A plurality of elastic members 430 are provided, and each of the plurality of elastic members 430 corresponds to a plurality of pressing members 440. The ends of the elastic members 430 are connected to the pressing members 440 and the inner ring member 420, respectively. The elastic members 430 are capable of exerting an elastic force on the pressing members 440 and the inner ring member 420. While the inner ring member 420 is fixed relative to the outer cylinder 410, the pressing members 440 are movable relative to the outer cylinder 410. Therefore, the pressing members 440 are capable of moving axially along the outer cylinder 410 under the elastic force of the elastic members 430. In this embodiment, the elastic members 430 are springs and are sleeved on the connecting rod 330. The elastic members 430 are configured to drive the pressing members 440 to move the positioning assembly in a direction away from the opening structure 413.

[0044] It is understandable that, under the action of the elastic member 430 , the pressing member 440 can drive the positioning assembly to move and retract the positioning block 310 into the inner cavity 412 of the outer cylinder 410 .

[0045] The latching teeth 442 are configured to engage with the outer tube 410 when the pressing member 440 is in its natural state, allowing the positioning assembly to protrude from the opening structure 413 and cooperate with the sleeve 210 and the tapered rod 220, thereby enabling the sleeve 210, the tapered rod 220, and the positioning assembly to switch to the working state and perform drilling in the vertebra. A gap is created between the pressing member 440 and the wall of the inner cavity 412, and the toggle portion 441 is configured to move outward from the elongated hole 411 to release the latching teeth 442 from the outer tube 410.

[0046] In this embodiment, the outer cylinder 410 is provided with a boss 450, which is cylindrical and located on the side of the inner cavity 412 away from the opening structure 413. The boss 450 is coaxially arranged with the outer cylinder 410 and fixedly connected. The latching portion 442 is configured to engage with the surface of the boss 450 near the opening structure 413. At this time, the boss 450 can block the latching portion 442, preventing the pressing member 440 from moving under the elastic force of the elastic member 430, thereby ensuring the position of the positioning assembly is stable and allowing the positioning assembly to complete its positioning work on the vertebra. The boss 450 is provided with a through hole for the sleeve 210 to pass through, and the through hole can be a circular hole.

[0047] It is understood that when using the pedicle drilling device of this embodiment, by applying pressure to one of the pressing members 440, the pressing member 440 overcomes the elastic force of the elastic member 430, allowing the pressing member 440 to push the connecting rod 330 and the positioning block 310 along the axial direction of the outer cylinder 410 toward the opening structure 413 until the locking teeth 442 engage the surface of the boss 450, allowing the positioning block 310 to extend out of the opening structure 413, thereby ensuring that the positioning block 310 can cooperate with the sleeve 210 and the tapered rod 220, allowing the positioning block 310 to adapt and connect with the locking structure 160 between the transverse process 130 and the superior articular process 140, completing the positioning operation. At this point, the pressing member 440 is in a natural state and has not undergone any bending or deformation. Moreover, the other positioning blocks 310 are located in the inner cavity 412, preventing them from interfering with the operation of the sleeve 210 and the tapered rod 220. The surface of the boss 450 can hinder the movement of the latching portion 442 , thereby preventing the pressing member 440 from driving the connecting rod 330 and the positioning block 310 to move in the axial direction of the outer cylinder 410 away from the opening structure 413 .

[0048] When use is completed or another positioning block 310 needs to be switched, the operator first applies a pulling force to the toggle portion 441 to drive the toggle portion 441 to move out of the elongated hole 411, causing the pressing member 440 to bend and deform, prompting the tooth portion 442 to move relative to the outer cylinder 410 and the boss 450 in the radial direction of the outer cylinder 410, causing the tooth portion 442 to leave the surface of the boss 450, thereby releasing the locking action between the tooth portion 442 and the boss 450; then, with the help of the elastic force of the elastic member 430, the pressing member 440 drives the connecting rod 330 and the positioning block 310 to move along the axial direction of the outer cylinder 410 in the direction away from the opening structure 413, so that the positioning block 310 can be received in the inner cavity 412 of the outer cylinder 410. At this time, the tooth portion 442 will abut against the outer circumferential surface of the boss 450, causing the pressing member 440 to be slightly bent and deformed under the pressure. After completing the reset work of the pressing member 440 and the positioning assembly, the corresponding pressing member 440 can be selected for the pressing operation.

[0049] Since the pressing piece 440 is in a bent and deformed state, when the pressing piece 440 moves along the axial direction of the outer cylinder 410 toward the opening structure 413, when the tooth portion 442 moves to the surface of the boss 450 close to the opening structure 413, the pressing piece 440 will automatically return to its natural state. After the pressing action is removed, under the elastic force of the elastic piece 430, the tooth portion 442 can abut against the surface of the boss 450 and produce a clamping action.

[0050] The multiple positioning assemblies have different sizes, so the appropriate positioning assembly can be selected according to the drilling situation. By adopting the switching mechanism of the above structure, different positioning assemblies can be easily switched for use, so that the positioning assemblies can work in conjunction with the sleeve 210 and the tapered rod 220 to improve drilling efficiency and quality, thereby improving the success rate and efficiency of the operation.

[0051] In some embodiments, the inner ring 420 is provided with a plurality of grooves 421, each of which is cylindrical, and one end of the elastic member 430 can be inserted into the groove 421. It is understood that the provision of the groove 421 facilitates the positioning of the elastic member 430, so that one end of the elastic member 430 is placed in the groove 421.

[0052] Throughout this specification, reference to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "illustrative embodiments," "examples," "specific examples," or "some examples" means that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in conjunction with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, illustrative uses of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.

[0053] While embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, and that the scope of the invention is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A pedicle drilling device, characterized in that: include: The sleeve has a cavity extending through the sleeve along its length; A tapered rod, one end of which is a cone head and the other end is a handle, the tapered rod is inserted into the cavity and contacts the inner circumference of the cavity, and the tapered rod can be extended and retracted relative to the sleeve to drill a hole on the pedicle; The positioning assembly includes a positioning block, one end of which is set as a connecting part, which is fixedly connected to the outer peripheral surface of the sleeve, and the other end is set as a positioning part, which can be abutted against the locking structure defined by the transverse process and the superior articular process.

2. The pedicle drilling device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The connecting portion is detachably connected to the sleeve.

3. The pedicle drilling device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sleeve is provided with a plurality of serrations on one end surface close to the cone head along its length direction, and the plurality of serrations are arranged around the circumference of the sleeve.

4. The pedicle drilling device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cavity is cylindrical, and the outer circumference of the tapered rod is adaptively connected to the inner circumference of the cavity.

5. The pedicle drilling device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The sleeve is a round tube.

6. The pedicle drilling device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The positioning assembly is provided with a plurality of them and is evenly arranged around the circumference of the tapered rod; the positioning assembly also includes a connecting rod, which extends along the length direction of the sleeve and is fixedly connected to the connecting portion; The pedicle drilling device further includes a switching mechanism, which includes: An outer cylinder is coaxially sleeved and fixedly connected to the sleeve, the outer cylinder having an inner cavity with an open structure at one end, and a plurality of elongated holes in communication with the inner cavity are provided on the outer circumference of the outer cylinder, the elongated holes extending along the length direction of the outer cylinder and being evenly arranged around the circumference of the outer cylinder; A plurality of pressing members are provided, and are respectively arranged corresponding to the plurality of the elongated holes. The pressing members are fixedly connected to the connecting rod. A side of the pressing member away from the central axis of the outer cylinder is provided with a toggle portion protruding from the elongated hole, and a side of the pressing member close to the central axis of the outer cylinder is provided with a toothed portion; an inner ring member, which is coaxially and fixedly disposed in the inner cavity, the inner ring member being provided with a plurality of guide holes, and the plurality of connecting rods being slidably connected to the plurality of guide holes respectively; a plurality of elastic members, each of which is corresponding to the plurality of pressing members, wherein both ends of the elastic member are connected to the pressing member and the inner ring member, respectively, and the elastic member can drive the pressing member to drive the positioning assembly to move in a direction away from the opening structure; The latching tooth portion can be engaged with the outer tube when the pressing member is in a natural state, so that the positioning assembly protrudes from the opening structure; the toggle portion can be moved out of the elongated hole to release the engagement between the latching tooth portion and the outer tube.

7. The pedicle drilling device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The elastic member is a spring, and the elastic member is sleeved on the connecting rod.

8. The pedicle drilling device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The inner ring member is provided with a plurality of cylindrical grooves, and one end of the elastic member is extended into the groove.

9. The pedicle drilling device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The guide hole is a round hole, the connecting rod is a round rod, and the outer circumference of the connecting rod is adaptively connected to the inner circumference of the guide hole.

10. The pedicle drilling device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The outer cylinder is provided with a cylindrical boss, which is located on the side of the inner cavity away from the opening structure and is coaxially connected to the outer cylinder. The tooth portion can be engaged with the surface of the boss close to the opening structure, and the boss is provided with a through hole for the sleeve to pass through.

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