Radioactive solid waste crushing device and control system

Abstract

The invention discloses a radioactive solid waste crushing device and control system, and the device comprises a crushing part which is used for crushing materials and comprises a glove box with a sealed operation cavity, a crusher arranged in the glove box, and a fixed support for supporting the crusher; the loading part is used for conveying crushed materials and comprises a conveying part for conveying the materials, a bearing part capable of being in butt joint with the materials in a lifting mode and a sealing part for sealing the crusher, the glove box adopts a totally-closed cavity structure and a dynamic negative pressure environment, aerosol leakage is restrained through reverse pressure gradient, and the pollutant containing efficiency is improved. The lifting type design of the fixing support provides a bottom suspended installation space for conveying equipment, meanwhile, vibration conduction is reduced through rigid connection, and the stability of crushing operation is guaranteed. The telescopic baffle achieves accurate movement through the sliding rail system, the two-way limiting module and the buffer positioning assembly, the trigger strip and wedge-shaped block linkage structure is combined, stuck materials are automatically removed and reset, and equipment damage is avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of waste pretreatment, in particular to a radioactive solid waste crushing device and a control system. Background Art

[0002] Currently, the primary method for treating low- and intermediate-level radioactive solid waste in the field of radioactive waste management is still sorting, crushing, and compression and fixation. This method has the advantages of large waste treatment volumes and a high volume reduction ratio, but the disadvantages of large investments, high energy consumption, and a large footprint. It is suitable for treating large quantities of low- and intermediate-level radioactive solid waste. Regarding the low- and intermediate-level radioactive solid waste generated during nuclear operations by research institutions and fuel production units related to nuclear fuel production, nuclear and radiation research, and other related activities, although the owners have a need for waste treatment, they have no intention of establishing solid waste treatment facilities due to the relatively small amount of solid waste generated annually. Therefore, they can only temporarily store the generated solid waste, and the amount of temporarily stored solid waste gradually increases and cannot be treated. Currently, there are no mature and practical mobile pretreatment devices for low- and intermediate-level radioactive solid waste in this field, so research on mobile solid waste pretreatment devices is necessary. Summary of the Invention

[0003] Therefore, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is how to crush the solid waste in the designed mobile low- and intermediate-level solid waste pretreatment device.

[0004] The above technical problem is solved by the following technical solution: The present invention provides a radioactive solid waste crushing device, which includes a crushing component for crushing materials, a glove box with a sealed operating cavity and a crusher arranged therein, and a fixed bracket supporting the crusher;

[0005] A charging component is used to convey the crushed material, comprising a conveying member for conveying the material, a receiving member that can be raised and lowered to dock the material, and a sealing member for sealing the crusher;

[0006] After the crusher crushes the material, the crushed material enters the receiving member and is then transported by the conveying member.

[0007] In a preferred embodiment of the radioactive solid waste crushing device of the present invention: the glove box includes: a slide rail system arranged along the inner wall of the box and a retractable baffle sliding in the slide rail system; a multi-section telescopic drive rod, the end of which is provided with a buffer positioning assembly; the retractable baffle slides in the slide rail system through a two-way limit module.

[0008] In a preferred embodiment of the radioactive solid waste crushing device of the present invention, the glove box further comprises a visual operation interface, a lighting system and a quick maintenance door provided on the box body.

[0009] In a preferred embodiment of the radioactive solid waste crushing device of the present invention, the crusher comprises: an anti-splash feed port and a conveyor belt for conveying materials.

[0010] In a preferred embodiment of the radioactive solid waste crushing device of the present invention: the receiving component includes: a material guide channel, one end of which is provided with a sealing interface; a groove is opened on one side of the sealing interface; and a steel barrel, the top opening of which forms a geometric fit with the groove.

[0011] In a preferred embodiment of the radioactive solid waste crushing device of the present invention, the receiving member includes a lifting member for lifting the steel drum, which is powered by a motor and moves in combination with a screw and a gear.

[0012] In a preferred embodiment of the radioactive solid waste crushing device of the present invention: the sealing component includes: a multi-axis linkage device and a composite sealing cover plate, the multi-axis linkage device is a lever combination, and one end of the multi-axis linkage device is connected to the composite sealing cover plate through a floating ball head.

[0013] In a preferred embodiment of the radioactive solid waste crushing device of the present invention, the conveying member comprises: a gear chain transmission group with closed-loop control; and a roller, wherein a servo-driven conveying device drives the roller to rotate.

[0014] In a preferred embodiment of the radioactive solid waste crushing device of the present invention: the retractable baffle has a cavity therein, one side of which is formed by two hinged plates connected together, and a retractable hollow block is slidably hinged at the joint of the two plates.

[0015] The beneficial effects of this invention include: the glove box utilizes a fully enclosed chamber structure and a dynamic negative pressure environment, suppressing aerosol leakage through a reverse pressure gradient and improving pollutant containment efficiency. The lifting design of the fixed bracket provides space for the conveying equipment to be installed in the bottom suspension, while the rigid connection reduces vibration transmission and ensures the stability of the crushing operation. The integrated servo lift drive system in the container enables dynamic docking of the crushed material with the discharge port, and automatic transfer via the conveyor, reducing manual intervention.

[0016] The glove box is equipped with a visual user interface, lighting system, and quick access door to optimize the human-machine interaction experience and maintain efficiency. The retractable baffle achieves precise movement through a slide system, two-way limit modules, and buffer positioning components. Combined with a trigger bar and wedge block linkage, it automatically clears jams and resets, preventing equipment damage.

[0017] The present invention also solves the technical problem of how to control the crushing device.

[0018] In a preferred embodiment of the control system of the radioactive solid waste crushing device described in the present invention: the control unit is composed of a PLC and an HMI; it is used to start and stop the conveyor belt, open and close the sealing cover of the sorting module, open and close the baffle, open and close the seal of the crushing module, and start and stop the crusher.

[0019] The beneficial effects of the present invention are: the PLC+HMI control system realizes the coordinated linkage of the crushing, sealing and conveying modules, reserves the upper computer interface to support remote monitoring, and improves the operation accuracy and fault response speed. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the drawings described below only relate to some embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Among them:

[0021] Figure 1 Shows the overall schematic diagram of the radioactive solid waste crushing device and control system;

[0022] Figure 2 shows the overall schematic diagram of the radioactive solid waste crushing device;

[0023] Figure 3 Another schematic diagram of the overall radioactive solid waste crushing device is shown;

[0024] Figure 4 Shows an overall schematic diagram of the crushing components of a radioactive solid waste crushing device;

[0025] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the receiving parts and material guide channel of the radioactive solid waste crushing device is shown;

[0026] Figure 6 Shows an overall schematic diagram of the seal of a radioactive solid waste fragmentation device;

[0027] Figure 7 Shows an overall schematic diagram of the retractable baffle of the radioactive solid waste fragmentation device;

[0028] Figure 8 Shows the overall schematic diagram of the conveyor components of the radioactive solid waste crushing device;

[0029] Figure 9 A cross-sectional view of a retractable baffle of a radioactive solid waste fragmentation device is shown;

[0030] Figure 10 A control system diagram of a radioactive solid waste crushing device is shown;

[0031] In the picture:

[0032] 1. Crushing components; 11. Glove box; 112. Retractable baffle; 113. Slide rail system; 114. Two-way limit module; 115. Multi-stage telescopic drive rod; 116. Visual operation interface; 117. Lighting system; 118. Quick access door; 12. Fixed bracket; 13. Crusher; 131. Conveyor belt; 133. Anti-splash feed port; 134. Material guide channel; 135. Sealing interface; 136. Groove; 2. Loading components; 21. Conveying parts; 212. Rollers; 22. Containers; 221. Steel drums; 222. Lifting parts; 23. Sealing parts; 231. Composite sealing cover. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present invention, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments and the accompanying drawings.

[0034] The terms used in the present invention are those commonly used in the art in view of the functions of the present invention, but these terms may vary according to the intentions of those skilled in the art, precedents, or new technologies in the art. In addition, specific terms may be selected by the applicant, and in such cases, their detailed meanings will be described in the detailed description of the present invention. Therefore, the terms used in the specification should not be understood as simple names, but rather as the meanings of the terms and the overall description of the present invention.

[0035] Reference Figures 1 to 4 This embodiment provides a radioactive solid waste crushing device, including a crushing component 1 for crushing materials, a glove box 11 with a sealed operating cavity and a crusher 13 arranged therein, and a fixed bracket 12 supporting the crusher 13.

[0036] Among them, the glove box 11 forms a sealed negative pressure operating cavity, which completely encloses the crusher 13 in its internal enclosed space. The crusher 13 is arranged in the operating cavity and is used to perform mechanical crushing operations on solid waste; the glove box 11 adopts a fully enclosed cavity structure, and its dynamic negative pressure environment can effectively prevent aerosol leakage. At the same time, the negative pressure environment and the dust generated by the crushing operation form a reverse pressure gradient, which significantly improves the pollutant containment efficiency.

[0037] The fixed support 12 is rigidly connected to the bottom of the glove box 11, forming an overall elevated structure for the equipment. This elevated structure has two technical benefits: the suspended area at the bottom of the fixed support provides space for automated conveying equipment for crushed materials, while the rigid connection between the fixed support and the glove box 11 ensures operational stability and reduces the transmission of vibrations generated by the crushing operation.

[0038] The loading component 2 is used to transport the crushed material, and includes a conveying member 21 for conveying the material, a receiving member 22 that can be raised and lowered to dock the material, and a sealing member 23 for sealing the crusher 13.

[0039] Among them, the receiving part 22 integrates a positioning guide device and a servo lifting drive system. Its receiving container can be precisely displaced in the vertical direction, and forms a dynamic docking with the discharge port of the crusher 13 after the crushing operation cycle is completed, thereby realizing the directional receiving of radioactive crushed materials.

[0040] When the crusher 13 is in working state, the operating cavity forms a contact dynamic seal by docking the containing container with the discharge port of the crushed material, thereby maintaining the integrity of the negative pressure environment inside the operating cavity.

[0041] After the crusher 13 crushes the material, the crushed material enters the receiving member 22 and is then transported by the conveying member 21 .

[0042] Crusher 13 discharge particle size: ≤150mm×150mm, crushing volume ≥1m 3 / h, crushing system power: ≤15kW.

[0043] Reference Figures 4 to 7 This embodiment provides a radioactive solid waste crushing device, including a glove box 11, which includes: a slide rail system 113 arranged along the inner wall of the box and a retractable baffle 112 sliding within the slide rail system 113; a multi-stage retractable drive rod 115, at the end of which a buffer positioning assembly is provided; the retractable baffle 112 slides within the slide rail system 113 through a two-way limit module 114.

[0044] A rail system 113 is fixed along the inner wall of the glove box 11, providing a precise sliding track for the retractable baffle 112 and limiting its sliding range. The retractable baffle 112 slides within the rail system 113 via two-way limiter modules 114 fixed at both ends, ensuring stability and precision during the sliding process. Furthermore, the glove box 111 features a multi-stage telescopic drive rod 115, equipped with a buffered positioning assembly at the end of its travel to control the retractable motion of the retractable baffle 112 and ensure smooth positioning at the end of the motion, avoiding impact and vibration.

[0045] Specifically, the slide rail system 113 not only provides a reliable sliding track for the retractable baffle 112, but also precisely limits the sliding range of the retractable baffle 112 through the bidirectional limit module 114, ensuring stable operation within the preset range. The multi-stage telescopic drive rod 115, through the buffer positioning component, further optimizes the motion control of the retractable baffle 112, making its extension and retraction process more stable and precise.

[0046] Through the above design, the glove box 11 of the present invention realizes efficient and stable operation of the retractable baffle 112. At the same time, through the coordinated action of the slide rail system 113, the two-way limit module 114 and the buffer positioning component, the operating accuracy and reliability of the equipment are significantly improved.

[0047] The glove box 11 further includes a visual operation interface 116 , a lighting system 117 and a quick access door 118 provided on the box body.

[0048] The glove box 11 provides a closed operating environment to prevent aerosol leakage. A visual operating interface 116 is provided within the glove box 11, allowing operators to monitor and adjust the equipment's operating status in real time. Furthermore, an internal lighting system 117 provides ample light for operators, ensuring a clear view of the operating environment. A quick access door 118 is also provided to facilitate equipment maintenance and inspection, enhancing the device's practicality and operability.

[0049] Specifically, a feed port is provided on the left side of the glove box 11 for inputting the solid waste to be crushed into the crusher 13; inspection doors are provided on the right and rear sides respectively for quick inspection and maintenance of the interior of the equipment; an operation panel is provided in the front with an integrated visual operation interface 116 to facilitate the operator to control and monitor the equipment; a discharge port is provided at the bottom for outputting the crushed material to subsequent processing stations.

[0050] Through the above design, the glove box 11 of the present invention not only achieves the isolation of radioactive materials and the sealing of the operating environment, but also significantly improves the operating convenience, maintenance efficiency and safety of the equipment through the provision of a visual operating interface 116, a lighting system 117 and a quick access door 118.

[0051] Reference Figures 4 to 8 This embodiment provides a radioactive solid waste crushing device, including a crusher 13, which includes: an anti-splash feed port 133 and a conveyor belt 131 for conveying materials.

[0052] The conveyor belt 131 is located at the feed port on one side of the glove box 11 and is used to convey the solid waste to be crushed to the splash-proof feed port 133 of the crusher 13. The splash-proof feed port 133 adopts a three-sided enclosure design, which can effectively prevent material from splashing during the feeding process, ensuring a clean and safe operating environment.

[0053] Specifically, conveyor belt 131, through its stable conveying structure, continuously and efficiently transports solid waste from the inlet of glove box 11 to the anti-splash inlet 133 of crusher 13, providing a reliable material supply for the crushing operation. The anti-splash inlet 133, through its optimized design, effectively suppresses splashing of material upon entry into crusher 13, reducing the risk of material dispersion.

[0054] The container 22 includes a material guide channel 134 with a sealing interface 135 at one end; a groove 136 formed on one side of the sealing interface 135; and a steel barrel 221 with a top opening forming a geometric fit with the groove 136 .

[0055] The material guide channel 134 is funnel-shaped, with an inclination angle parameter to optimize material transfer efficiency. Its small end is fixedly connected to a sealing interface 135, which is used to guide the crushed material into the steel drum 221. A groove 136 is formed on the side of the sealing interface 135 away from the material guide channel 134. The top opening of the steel drum 221 forms a geometric fit with the groove 136. The mechanical sealing technology improves the leakage prevention performance, ensures that the material can smoothly fall into the steel drum 221, and prevents the material from spilling, ensuring a clean and safe operating environment.

[0056] The lifting member 222 is used to lift the steel drum 221. It is powered by a motor and moves in conjunction with a screw and gear combination.

[0057] Consistent with traditional lifting mechanisms, the motor's shaft belt drives the reducer to rotate, increasing torque and adjusting speed. The threaded screw and gears work together to convert rotary motion into linear lifting motion. The gears are rotatably connected to the lifting block, forming a lifting mechanism with high positioning accuracy and resistance to off-center loads. The design of the lifting block and fixed screw in lifting member 222 effectively eliminates the transmission backlash caused by traditional key connections.

[0058] Lifting stroke: 50mm.

[0059] The conveying member 21 includes: a gear chain transmission group with closed-loop control; a roller 212, and a servo-driven transmission device drives the roller 212 to rotate.

[0060] The servo-driven transmission device drives the gear to rotate, which in turn drives the chain to rotate. The rotation of the chain drives the gear fixed on the side of the roller 212 to rotate, which in turn drives the roller 212 to rotate.

[0061] The dimensions of the roller 212 are designed to be approximately 2000×800×300 (mm).

[0062] The performance indicators of roller 212 are as follows:

[0063] 1) Conveying efficiency of roller 212: 0~10m / min adjustable;

[0064] 2) Roller 212 load: 0 to 300 kg.

[0065] The sealing member 23 comprises a multi-axis linkage device and a composite sealing cover plate 231 . The multi-axis linkage device is a lever combination, and one end of the multi-axis linkage device is connected to the composite sealing cover plate 231 via a floating ball head.

[0066] Among them, the multi-axis linkage device is powered by an electric telescopic rod, one end of the electric telescopic rod is fixed on the fixed bracket 12, and the other end is fixedly connected to the first connecting rod. The other end of the first connecting rod is fixedly connected to the first lever, and one end of the first lever is fixedly connected to the second connecting rod. The second connecting rod is fixedly connected to the fixed bracket 12 through a connecting block, and the second connecting rod is fixedly connected to the second lever. The other end of the second lever should be connected to the composite sealing cover plate 231 with a floating ball head. The composite sealing cover plate 231 is consistent in size with the inner circle of the material guide channel 134, which is convenient for sealing when the crusher 13 is not in use, ensuring the negative pressure environment of the glove box 11 and ensuring the operation of other parts.

[0067] When the electric telescopic rod contracts, it drives the first connecting rod to rotate, and then drives the first lever to rotate. The rotation of the first lever drives the second connecting rod to rotate, and then drives the second lever to rotate. The composite sealing cover plate 231 moves toward the material guide channel 134 to seal the glove box 11.

[0068] Reference Figures 1 to 8 , this embodiment provides the operation process of the device.

[0069] The conveyor belt 131 transports the material to the anti-splash feed port 133, and then enters the crusher 13. After being crushed by the crusher 13, the material passes through the material guide channel 134 and falls into the steel barrel 221. The steel barrel 221 is raised by the lifting member 222 to fit with the groove 136 for easy material loading. After all the material falls into the steel barrel 221, the lifting member 222 lowers the steel barrel 221, and then the servo-driven conveyor device drives the roller 212 to rotate, and transports the steel barrel 221 to the next process. The pneumatic telescopic rod moves the composite sealing cover plate 231 to the material guide channel 134 to seal the glove box 11.

[0070] Reference Figure 10 This embodiment provides a control system for a radioactive solid waste crushing device, including a control unit composed of a PLC and an HMI; used to start and stop the conveyor belt 131, open and close the sealing cover of the sorting module, open and close the baffle, open and close the seal 23 of the crushing module, and start and stop the crusher 13.

[0071] (1) Function

[0072] A PLC and HMI control the start and stop of the conveyor belt 131 of the temporary storage, sorting and crushing modules, the opening and closing of the sealing cover, the opening and closing of the baffle, the opening and closing of the seal 23 and the start and stop of the crusher 13, etc.

[0073] (2) Hardware structure design

[0074] The system is mainly operated and controlled and displayed through touch screens and buttons. After logic and data processing by electrical components such as PLC in the control cabinet, it controls the mechanical and electrical components related to the sorting and crushing device through control cables to realize all functions.

[0075] In addition, the system has a reserved host computer communication interface and control data interface. Later, the host computer can be configured for control as needed. Host computer control or touch screen control can be selected on the touch screen or through a knob switch. However, each operation mode is unique. Once one operation mode is selected, the other operation mode only has a display function. Regardless of the control mode used, the interlocking, interlocking, fault monitoring, and control functions of the entire module are not affected.

[0076] Reference Figure 9 In one embodiment, the retractable baffle 112 has a cavity, one side of which is formed by two hinged plates connected together, and the joint of the two plates is hinged to one side of the retractable hollow block. The middle part of the retractable hollow block is hollow, and the non-hollow part is connected by a telescopic rod. A first wedge block slides in the hollow middle part of the retractable hollow block, and one end of the first wedge block is connected to the inner wall of the retractable baffle 112 through a spring, and the other end of the first wedge block is fixedly connected to a trigger bar, which is wedge-shaped. An external block is installed on one side of the retractable baffle 112, and the trigger bar extends out of the retractable baffle 112 and the external block. The external block is provided with a hole, and a second wedge block slides in the hole, and the second wedge block is slidably connected to the trigger bar.

[0077] The hinged plate on the retractable baffle 112 can be rotated inward, so that the position of the retractable baffle 112 near the feed port of the glove box 11 can be transformed into a concave surface, and the opening position of the hole is close to the feed port of the glove box 11. Therefore, when the trigger bar moves into the retractable baffle 112, it can drive the second wedge block to extend out of the external block.

[0078] When the retractable baffle 112 moves to block the material from entering the glove box 11, the material will be stuck between the feed port of the glove box 11 and the retractable baffle 112 under the movement of the retractable baffle 112 and the movement of the conveyor belt 131, blocking the movement of the retractable baffle 112 and causing damage to it. However, when the material is stuck between the feed port of the glove box 11 and the retractable baffle 112, the material pushes the trigger bar, which in turn pushes the movement of the first wedge block, and the spring is compressed. Since the telescopic rod of the telescopic hollow block is in a stretched state at the initial position, when the first wedge block is pushed, the telescopic hollow block contracts. The ends of the two rotatable plates of the baffle 112 are hinged to the telescopic hollow block, and the intersection point can slide on the telescopic hollow block. Then, when the telescopic hollow block contracts, the two rotatable plates of the telescopic baffle 112 can be driven to rotate, and the telescopic baffle 112 forms a concave surface. At the same time, the movement of the trigger bar pushes the second wedge block to extend the external block, pushing out the trapped material. Due to the operation of the conveyor belt 131, the material rotates and moves to the concave surface of the telescopic baffle 112. The telescopic baffle 112 clears the obstruction and moves to the set position, completely blocking the feed port of the glove box 11, and preventing the material from continuously entering the crusher 13.

[0079] Finally, it should be pointed out that the methods and devices described in detail above are merely embodiments, and those skilled in the art can modify these embodiments in different ways without departing from the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A radioactive solid waste crushing device, characterized by: include, A crushing component (1) is used for crushing materials, comprising a glove box (11) with a sealed operating cavity, a crusher (13) arranged inside the glove box, and a fixed bracket (12) supporting the crusher (13); A loading component (2) is used to transport crushed materials, comprising a conveying member (21) for conveying materials, a receiving member (22) that can be raised and lowered to dock the materials, and a sealing member (23) for sealing the crusher (13); After the crusher (13) crushes the material, the crushed material enters the receiving member (22), and then the material is transported through the conveying member (21).

2. The radioactive solid waste crushing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The glove box (11) comprises: A slide rail system (113) arranged along the inner wall of the box and a retractable baffle (112) sliding in the slide rail system (113); A multi-stage telescopic driving rod (115) is provided with a buffer positioning assembly at the end of its travel; The retractable baffle (112) slides in the slide rail system (113) via a bidirectional limiting module (114).

3. The radioactive solid waste crushing device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The glove box (11) further comprises: The box body is provided with a visual operation interface (116), a lighting system (117) and a quick maintenance door (118).

4. The radioactive solid waste crushing device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The crusher (13) comprises: An anti-splash feed port (133) and a conveyor belt (131) for conveying materials.

5. The radioactive solid waste crushing device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The receiving member (22) comprises: A material guide channel (134) is provided with a sealing interface (135) at one end thereof; a groove (136) is provided on one side of the sealing interface (135); The top opening of the steel barrel (221) forms a geometric fit with the groove (136).

6. The radioactive solid waste crushing device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The receiving member (22) comprises: The lifting member (222) is used to lift the steel barrel (221), and is powered by a motor and moves in combination with a screw rod and a gear.

7. The radioactive solid waste crushing device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The sealing member (23) comprises: A multi-axis linkage device and a composite sealing cover plate (231), wherein the multi-axis linkage device is a lever combination, and one end of the multi-axis linkage device is connected to the composite sealing cover plate (231) via a floating ball head.

8. The radioactive solid waste crushing device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The conveying member (21) comprises: Closed-loop controlled gear chain transmission group; A roller (212) is driven by a servo drive transmission device to rotate the roller (212).

9. The radioactive solid waste crushing device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The retractable baffle (112) has a cavity therein, one side of which is formed by two hinged plates butted together, and a retractable hollow block is slidably hinged at the butt joint of the two plates.

10. A radioactive solid waste crushing system, characterized by: The radioactive solid waste crushing device according to any one of claims 1 to 9, comprising: The control unit, consisting of a PLC and an HMI, is used to start and stop the conveyor belt, open and close the sealing cover of the sorting module, open and close the baffle, open and close the seal of the crushing module, and start and stop the crusher.

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