Tensioning mechanical device for tensioning and detecting anchoring screw and operation method of tensioning mechanical device

Abstract

The invention relates to a tensioning mechanical device for tensioning and detecting an anchoring screw and an operation method of the tensioning mechanical device. The device comprises a base, a movement mechanism capable of driving the base to move, a tensioning mechanism capable of achieving tensioning of an anchoring screw, a turnover mechanism capable of achieving turnover of the tensioning mechanism, a detection mechanism capable of dynamically detecting tensioning prestress, a supporting mechanism capable of supporting the base and an operation system, the tensioning mechanism is connected with the base through the turnover mechanism, and the movement mechanism, the tensioning mechanism, the turnover mechanism, the detection mechanism and the supporting mechanism are all connected with the operation system. Compared with the prior art, dynamic detection of prestress can be achieved through the detection mechanism composed of the sensors, use of hoisting machinery can be reduced through the crawler-type movement mechanism, tensioning within the angle range of 0-90 degrees can be achieved through the tensioning mechanism and the turnover mechanism, data are visualized through the operation system, and operation is convenient.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of construction tools, and in particular to a tensioning mechanical device for realizing tensioning and detection of an anchor screw and an operating method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Anchor screws are a common anchoring method used in cable-stayed and suspension bridges. They are essential for securing piers, anchors, and towers. Anchor screw tensioning is a three-step process: pre-tensioning, initial tensioning, and final tensioning. After final tensioning, the prestress in the anchor screws is often tested to determine if the tensioning was successful. Many anchor screws are tensioned, with each being tensioned up to three times. Post-tensioning testing is also required. Optimizing the methods for tensioning and testing anchor screws would significantly improve work quality and enhance economic efficiency.

[0003] The traditional method for tensioning and testing anchor bolts is as follows: 1. Use a crane to suspend a hydraulic jack directly above the anchor bolt. 2. Securely connect the extra-length bolt A to the anchor bolt via a sleeve. 3. Continue to lower the crane to a certain height so that the four corners of the load-bearing platform are placed on a flat surface that can withstand a certain amount of pressure. 4. Operate the jack on the load-bearing platform to push the nut secured to bolt A, causing bolt A to drive the anchor bolt upward. 5. After final tensioning, use a measuring instrument to measure the prestressing force.

[0004] Traditional tensioning and testing methods and equipment have the following disadvantages: they cannot dynamically display the magnitude of the prestressing during tensioning, are difficult to operate on uneven or steeply inclined surfaces, require the use of cranes and personnel, and are inefficient. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a tensioning mechanical device and an operating method thereof for realizing tensioning and detection of anchor screws, wherein the device can dynamically detect the magnitude of the tensioning prestress while tensioning the anchor screws.

[0006] The purpose of the present invention can be achieved by the following technical solutions:

[0007] A tensioning mechanical device for realizing tensioning and detection of anchor screws, comprising a base, a motion mechanism capable of driving the base to move, a tensioning mechanism capable of realizing tensioning of the anchor screws, a flipping mechanism capable of realizing flipping of the tensioning mechanism, a detection mechanism capable of dynamically detecting tensioning prestress, a support mechanism capable of supporting the base, and an operating system, wherein the motion mechanism is arranged below the base, the tensioning mechanism is connected to the base via a flipping mechanism, and the motion mechanism, tensioning mechanism, flipping mechanism, detection mechanism, and support mechanism are all connected to the operating system.

[0008] Preferably, the tensioning mechanism includes a hydraulic jack, an anchoring screw fixing device and a machine body, one end of the hydraulic jack is connected to the machine body, and the other end is connected to the anchoring screw fixing device, the anchoring screw fixing device includes two parallel and spaced bolt arrays, the two bolt arrays are spaced 20-40 cm apart, each bolt array includes at least n bolt units, the bolt units are evenly and symmetrically distributed along the same circumference, and n is an even number greater than or equal to 6.

[0009] Further preferably, the two bolt arrays are spaced 30 cm apart.

[0010] Preferably, the bolt unit includes a retractable bolt assembly with an axial adjustment function, a pad is provided at the front end of the retractable bolt assembly, the pad includes an arc-shaped clamping surface matching the shape of the anchor screw, and the maximum diameter D of the central circular gap surrounded by the bolt unit is greater than the maximum outer diameter of the anchor screw.

[0011] Preferably, the detection mechanism includes a tension sensor and a pressure sensor.

[0012] Further preferably, the tension sensors are arranged at equal intervals on the top of the hydraulic jack, and there are at least 6 tension sensors. The tension sensors are used to collect the tension provided by the position of the hydraulic jack, that is, the tension prestress.

[0013] Further preferably, the pressure sensor is provided between the front end of the retractable bolt assembly and the spacer, and the pressure sensor is used to collect the pressure during the process of fixing the anchor screw of each bolt unit in the bolt array.

[0014] More preferably, the number of the pressure sensors is n / 2, and a pressure sensor is provided on at least one bolt unit between each bolt unit and its adjacent bolt unit.

[0015] Preferably, the body includes a power supply for supplying power to the entire device.

[0016] Preferably, the supporting mechanism includes a first supporting mechanism for supporting the base and a second supporting mechanism for supporting the tensioning mechanism.

[0017] Further preferably, the first supporting mechanism comprises four hydraulic lifting legs symmetrically arranged on both sides of the base, and a pressure sensor is embedded in the bottom end of the hydraulic lifting legs;

[0018] Further preferably, the second support mechanism includes two groups of second support units respectively arranged on both sides of the body, and each group of second support units includes a metal cylinder, a metal rod slidably arranged in the metal cylinder, and a limit bolt for locking the metal rod.

[0019] In the present invention, the metal rod slides along the metal tube, and a limit bolt is used to fix the metal rod when the end of the metal rod reaches the ground, so that the hydraulic jack can bear the load.

[0020] Preferably, the flipping mechanism comprises two flipping units respectively arranged on both sides of the base, and each flipping unit comprises a sliding assembly, a support column, a hydraulic telescopic rod and a linkage rod.

[0021] Further preferably, the sliding assembly includes a guide rail arranged along the side of the base, a slider slidably set in the guide rail, and a limiting mechanism for locking the position of the slider.

[0022] Further preferably, the support column is vertically arranged on the base.

[0023] Further preferably, the hydraulic telescopic rod and the linkage link form a four-bar linkage.

[0024] Preferably, the top end of the support column is hinged to the tensioning mechanism through a first hinge, the two ends of the hydraulic telescopic rod are hinged to the side wall of the support column and the slider through a second hinge and a third hinge respectively, and the two ends of the linkage link are hinged to the slider and the tensioning mechanism through a fourth hinge and a fifth hinge respectively.

[0025] Preferably, when the hydraulic telescopic rod drives the slider to slide back and forth along the guide rail, the linear displacement of the slider is converted into a 0-90° flipping motion of the tensioning mechanism around the axis of the first hinge part through the linkage connecting rod.

[0026] Preferably, the motion mechanism includes two motion modules respectively arranged on both sides of the base, and the motion module includes a track, a transmission unit, a wheel group engaged with the track, and a drive control unit connected to the operating system. The drive control unit rotates the wheel group through the transmission unit, and the wheel group drives the track to move, and the track drives the base to move through the friction between the track and the ground.

[0027] Preferably, the maximum speed of the motion mechanism is not higher than 1.5 m / s.

[0028] In the present invention, the crawler-type motion mechanism can meet the movement requirements on uneven ground.

[0029] Preferably, the operating system includes a data processing center, a display screen, and operation buttons, wherein the data processing center can receive and process the tensioning prestressing data collected by the detection mechanism, the display screen can display the processing results of the data processing center, and the operation buttons have a built-in PLC control system, and the operation buttons can control the execution of the motion mechanism, tensioning mechanism, flipping mechanism, detection mechanism, and support mechanism.

[0030] Preferably, the signals of the tension sensor arranged on the top of the hydraulic jack, the pressure sensor of the anchor screw fixing device and the pressure sensor at the bottom of the hydraulic lifting leg are transmitted to the data processing center, and the data processed by the data processing center is presented to the operator through a display screen.

[0031] Preferably, the data processing center is a computer that includes a program for calculating corresponding data from the pressure sensors at the bottom of the hydraulic lifting legs to control the lifting of the legs and the tightening and loosening of the anchor screw fixing devices. The computer also includes a program for processing data from the tension sensor at the top of the hydraulic jack and displaying it on a display screen.

[0032] Preferably, the data processing center can process data from the pressure sensor at the hydraulic lifting legs, process data from the pressure sensor at the anchor screw fixing device, process data from the tension sensor at the top of the hydraulic jack, and display relevant error and data information on the display screen.

[0033] Preferably, the operating button can control the power switch of the device, control the speed of the motion mechanism, control the flipping angle of the flipping mechanism, control the tensioning process of the tensioning mechanism, and control the fixation of the legs.

[0034] Preferably, there are 7 operation buttons.

[0035] Further preferably, the operation buttons are arranged in three rows with a total of 7 buttons (A, B, and C are all located in the first row, D, E, and F are located in the second row, and G is located in the third row):

[0036] Button A: Press the power button once to turn on the power, and press the power button twice to turn off the power.

[0037] Button B: Increase the running speed of the motion mechanism, press once to increase by 0.3m / s;

[0038] Button C: Reduce the running speed of the motion mechanism, press once to reduce by 0.3m / s;

[0039] Button D: controls the tensioning process of the tensioning mechanism. Pressing it for the first time starts tensioning, and pressing it for the second time stops tensioning.

[0040] Button E: controls the hydraulic lifting of the outriggers. Press the button for the first time to lower the outriggers to the designated position, and press it again to raise the outriggers to their initial position.

[0041] Button F: controls the flip angle of the flip mechanism;

[0042] Orange button G: Disconnect the power supply and all systems stop working.

[0043] Preferably, the display screen consists of four modules: 1. battery power; 2. tension prestress value; 3. moving speed of the motion mechanism; 4. error signal.

[0044] Preferably, the error signal includes:

[0045] ERROR1: The battery is insufficient and the device cannot be started or used normally;

[0046] ERROR2: The bottom of the hydraulic lifting legs has not reached the ground. The hydraulic lifting legs have been raised to the longest position but the pressure sensor data is 0.

[0047] ERROR3: The anchor screw slips out of the anchor screw fixture, and the pressure sensor value suddenly decreases;

[0048] ERROR4: The prestressing force exceeds the critical value;

[0049] ERROR5: The motion mechanism cannot operate normally;

[0050] ERROR6: The signal is lost and the sensor cannot transmit the detected data to the data processing center;

[0051] If any error occurs, the system stops working and displays the corresponding error information in the error module.

[0052] The detection mechanism in this invention consists of three types of sensors: The tension sensor located on the hydraulic jack provides prestressing detection data to the data processing center, which processes and displays it to the operator on a display screen. The pressure sensor located on the hydraulic lifting leg provides pressure data to the data processing center, which analyzes and determines whether to report an error (ERROR2) and terminate the program. The pressure sensor located on the anchor screw fixture provides pressure data to the data processing center, which analyzes and determines whether to report an error (ERROR3) and terminate the program.

[0053] The tensioning mechanism in this invention consists of a hydraulic jack and an anchor screw fixture. The operator slides the metal rod to the appropriate position, inserts the stopper bolt, and presses button D to initiate the tensioning process. Once the tensioning process is initiated, the anchor screw fixture controls the bolt to begin retracting inward until the bottom of the bolt unit firmly secures the anchor screw. This activates the hydraulic jack, driving the anchor screw upward to achieve tensioning.

[0054] The present invention also provides a method for operating the tensioning mechanical device for achieving tensioning and detection of the anchor screw, comprising the following steps:

[0055] S1: The base is driven to move to the anchor screw by the motion mechanism and fixed by the support mechanism;

[0056] S2: Adjust the tensioning mechanism to a suitable position through the flipping mechanism, place the anchor screw in the tensioning mechanism, and perform tensioning after fixing;

[0057] S3: Dynamically detect the prestressing force through the detection mechanism.

[0058] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0059] (1) The present invention provides a tensioning mechanical device for tensioning and detecting anchor screws by integrating a motion mechanism, a tensioning mechanism, a flipping mechanism, a detection mechanism, and an operating system. The device can tension the anchor screws and dynamically detect the tensioning prestress.

[0060] (2) The tensioning mechanism of the present invention includes a hydraulic jack and an anchor screw fixing device. By using the two in conjunction with each other, the anchor screw can be fixed and tensioned. Secondly, by arranging a tension sensor and a pressure sensor in the hydraulic jack and the anchor screw fixing device, it is possible to determine whether the anchor screw is fixed or not, and to detect the tension provided by the position of the hydraulic jack, i.e., the tensioning prestress.

[0061] (3) The present invention can realize the dynamic display of the size of the prestressing through the coordinated design of the detection mechanism (sensor) and the operating system, and simplify the operation. There is no need to use additional detection instruments to detect the prestressing after tensioning. The information can be observed intuitively through the display screen; the button operation device is simple and convenient.

[0062] (4) The present invention realizes the movement of the tensioning mechanical device by arranging a crawler motion mechanism on the base, thereby solving the disadvantage that the traditional tensioning method relies on a crane to move the equipment and requires multiple workers, which is beneficial to improving construction efficiency and reducing unnecessary labor and equipment expenses. At the same time, the crawler motion mechanism can work normally even on uneven or steeply inclined ground, thereby increasing the movement stability of the device.

[0063] (5) The present invention realizes the 0-90° flipping movement of the tensioning mechanism by setting a flipping mechanism, wherein the flipping mechanism is composed of a sliding assembly, a support column, a hydraulic telescopic rod and a linkage link, etc. The four-bar linkage formed between the hydraulic telescopic rod and the linkage link can realize the tensioning of the anchor screw with an axis of 0-90°, which solves the problem in the prior art that it is difficult to tension the screw normally due to uneven ground or excessive inclination, and further improves the wide applicability of the tensioning mechanical device.

[0064] (6) The present invention improves the tensioning mechanical device and sets a detection mechanism, which can realize the dynamic detection of the prestressing of the anchor screw during the tensioning process. It not only solves the disadvantages of the traditional anchor screw tensioning mechanical device being bulky and requiring a lifting mechanism and a large amount of manpower assistance, but also solves the problem that the traditional detection method must wait until the tensioning is completed and requires additional detection steps, which is beneficial to improving construction quality and efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0065] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0066] Figure 2 This is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention for tensioning an anchor screw in the vertical direction;

[0067] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the bolt array of the present invention;

[0068] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of analysis when the anchor screw in the anchor screw fixing device is not completely centered (in the figure, A, B, and C refer to pressure sensors at different bolt units);

[0069] Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of the turning mechanism of the present invention;

[0070] Figure 6 It is a structural schematic diagram of the motion mechanism of the present invention;

[0071] In the figure, 1-base; 2-moving mechanism; 21-crawler; 22-transmission unit; 23-wheel set; 3-tensioning mechanism; 31-hydraulic jack; 32-anchor screw fixing device; 321-bolt array; 3211-bolt unit; 32111-retractable bolt assembly; 32112-pad; 33-machine body; 4-flipping mechanism; 41-sliding assembly; 411-guide rail; 412-slider; 42-support column; 43-hydraulic telescopic rod; 44-linkage connecting rod; 5-detection mechanism; 6-support mechanism; 61-hydraulic lifting leg; 62-second support unit; 621-metal cylinder; 622-metal rod. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0072] The present invention is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. This embodiment is implemented based on the technical solution of the present invention, and provides a detailed implementation method and specific operation process, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments.

[0073] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicating orientations or positional relationships, are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings and are intended solely to facilitate and simplify the description of the present invention. They are not intended to indicate or imply that the devices or components referred to must have, be constructed, or operate in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limitations on the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0074] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, they may refer to fixed, detachable, or integral connections; mechanical or electrical connections; direct or indirect connections through an intermediate medium; and internal communication between two components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0075] In the following implementation manners or examples, unless otherwise specified, functional components or mechanisms are conventional components or conventional mechanisms used in the art to achieve corresponding functions.

[0076] Example 1

[0077] A tensioning mechanical device for tensioning and testing anchor screws, such as Figure 1 As shown, it includes a base 1, a motion mechanism 2, a tensioning mechanism 3, a flipping mechanism 4, a detection mechanism 5, a support mechanism 6, and an operating system. The motion mechanism 2 is mounted below the base 1 and drives the base 1 to move. The tensioning mechanism 3 is connected to the base 1 via the flipping mechanism 4, which enables the flipping of the tensioning mechanism 3. The detection mechanism 5 is used to dynamically detect the tensioning prestress. The support mechanism 6 supports the base 1. Furthermore, the motion mechanism 2, tensioning mechanism 3, flipping mechanism 4, detection mechanism 5, and support mechanism 6 are all connected to and controlled by the operating system.

[0078] Example 2

[0079] A tensioning mechanical device for tensioning and testing anchor screws, based on Example 1, with the following arrangements:

[0080] In this embodiment, the tensioning mechanism 3 is composed of a hydraulic jack 31, an anchor screw fixing device 32 and a body 33. One end of the hydraulic jack 31 is connected to the body 33, and the other end is connected to the anchor screw fixing device 32. Figure 3 As shown, the anchor screw fixing device 32 comprises two parallel bolt arrays 321 spaced 20-40 cm apart. Each bolt array 321 has n bolt units 3211 evenly and symmetrically distributed along the same circumference, with n being an even number greater than or equal to 6. Furthermore, the bolt units 3211 comprise retractable bolt assemblies 32111 with axial adjustment capabilities. A spacer 32112 is mounted at the front end of the retractable bolt assembly 32111. The spacer 32112 has an arc-shaped clamping surface that matches the shape of the anchor screw. The maximum diameter D of the central circular gap enclosed by the bolt units 3211 is greater than the maximum outer diameter of the anchor screw.

[0081] In this embodiment, tension sensors for collecting pressure at the location of the hydraulic jack 31 are arranged at equal intervals on the top of the hydraulic jack 31. There are at least six tension sensors. Pressure sensors for collecting pressure during the fixing of the anchor screws by each bolt unit 3211 in the bolt array 321 are arranged between the front end of the retractable bolt assembly 32111 and the spacer 32112. These pressure sensors are located at the top of the hydraulic jack 31. Pressure sensors are located between the front end of the retractable bolt assembly 32111 and the spacer 32112. These pressure sensors are located at the bottom of the bolt array 321. At least one bolt unit 3211 between each bolt unit 3211 and its adjacent bolt unit 3211 is equipped with a pressure sensor. The total number of pressure sensors is n / 2.

[0082] In this embodiment, the support mechanism 6 includes a first support mechanism for supporting the base 1 and a second support mechanism for supporting the tensioning mechanism 3. The first support mechanism comprises four hydraulic lift legs 61 symmetrically arranged on either side of the base 1, each with a pressure sensor embedded in its bottom end. The second support mechanism comprises two sets of second support units 62, one on either side of the body 33. Each set of second support units 62 consists of a metal cylinder 621, a metal rod 622 slidably disposed within the cylinder 621, and a stopper bolt for locking the rod 622.

[0083] In this embodiment, the tension sensor on the top of the oil jack 31, the pressure sensor in the anchor screw fixing device 32, and the pressure sensor at the bottom of the hydraulic lifting leg 61 together constitute the detection mechanism 5 of this embodiment.

[0084] Example 3

[0085] A tensioning mechanical device for realizing tensioning and detection of anchor screws, based on Example 2,

[0086] In this embodiment, Figure 5 As shown, the tilting mechanism 4 is arranged as follows: the tilting mechanism 4 comprises two tilting units, one mounted on either side of the base 1. Each tilting unit includes a sliding assembly 41, a support column 42, a hydraulic telescopic rod 43, and a linkage 44. The sliding assembly 41 consists of a guide rail 411 arranged along the side of the base 1, a slider 412 slidably mounted within the guide rail 411, and a limit mechanism for locking the slider 412 in position. The support column 42 is mounted vertically on the base 1.

[0087] In this embodiment, the hydraulic telescopic rod 43 and the linkage link 44 form a four-bar linkage. The top of the support column 42 is hinged to the tensioning mechanism 3 via a first hinge. The ends of the hydraulic telescopic rod 43 are hinged to the sidewalls of the support column 42 and the slider 412 via second and third hinges, respectively. The ends of the linkage link 44 are hinged to the slider 412 and the tensioning mechanism 3 via fourth and fifth hinges, respectively. When the hydraulic telescopic rod 43 drives the slider 412 to slide back and forth along the guide rail 411, the linkage link 44 converts the linear displacement of the slider 412 into a 0-90° tilting motion of the tensioning mechanism 3 about the axis of the first hinge.

[0088] In this embodiment, Figure 6 As shown, the motion mechanism 2 comprises two motion modules, one mounted on either side of the base 1. Each motion module consists of a track 21, a transmission unit 22, a wheel set 23 meshing with the track 21, and a drive control unit connected to the operating system. During operation, the drive control unit drives the wheel set 23 via the transmission unit 22. The rotation of the wheel set 23 causes the track 21 to move, and the track 21, through friction with the ground, propels the base 1 to move.

[0089] In actual operation, this embodiment mainly includes the following steps:

[0090] S1: The base 1 is driven to move to the anchor screw by the motion mechanism 2, and the device is fixed to the ground by the hydraulic lifting legs 61;

[0091] S2: Adjust the tensioning mechanism 3 to a suitable position through the flipping mechanism 4, place the anchor screw in the anchor screw fixing device 32 of the tensioning mechanism 3, and after fixing, drive the hydraulic jack 31 to perform tensioning;

[0092] S3: Dynamically detect the tensioning prestress through the detection mechanism 5.

[0093] Example 4

[0094] A tensioning mechanical device for realizing tensioning and detection of anchor screws. Based on Example 3, the operating system in this embodiment includes a data processing center, a display screen, and operation buttons, wherein the data processing center can receive and process the tensioning prestressing data collected by the detection mechanism, and the display screen can display the processing results of the data processing center. The operation button has a built-in PLC control system, and the operation button can control the execution of the motion mechanism 2, the tensioning mechanism 3, the flipping mechanism 4, the detection mechanism 5, and the support mechanism 6.

[0095] Example 5

[0096] A tensioning mechanical device for realizing tensioning and testing of anchor screws, based on Example 4,

[0097] In this embodiment, the maximum diameter D of the central circular gap enclosed by the bolt units 3211 is greater than the maximum outer diameter of the anchor screw. The entire anchor screw fixing device 32 consists of two bolt arrays with a height difference of 30 cm. The bolt array 321 consists of six bolt units 3211 and three pressure sensors. The bolt unit 3211 includes a retractable bolt assembly 32111 and a pad 32112. The length of the bolt unit 3211 can be controlled by an operating button to extend or shorten, thereby controlling the tightness of the anchor screw fixing device 32. When the pad 32112 contacts the anchor screw, as the bolt unit 3211 continues to extend, the anchor screw will be firmly fixed. At this time, the value of the pressure sensor will also increase rapidly. When it reaches a certain value, it will be fed back to the data processing center. After the data processing center processes the data, it will feed back to the display screen, indicating that tensioning can begin.

[0098] like Figure 2 As shown, this embodiment can be used to solve the tensioning of anchor screws in the vertical direction, but it should be noted that the device can be used to tension anchor screws in any direction of 0 to 90 degrees, rather than only for tensioning anchor screws in the vertical direction.

[0099] In this embodiment, six tension sensors are symmetrically distributed at the top of the hydraulic jack 31. A pressure sensor is used at each corner of the hydraulic lift leg 61, fixed to the bottom of the leg, located in the center of the leg, for a total of four pressure sensors. Three pressure sensors are used at each bolt array of the anchor screw fixture 32, located at the bottom of the bolt unit 3211, for a total of six pressure sensors. The six tension sensors are processed by the data processing center, and the data processing center then displays the information on the display screen. After the data from the four pressure sensors on the hydraulic lift leg 61 passes through the data processing center, the program analyzes whether it complies with relevant specifications. If it does, it will report an error message of ERROR2, terminating the program. After the data from the six pressure sensors on the anchor screw fixture 32 passes through the data processing center, the program analyzes whether it complies with relevant specifications. If it does, it will report an error message of ERROR3, terminating the program.

[0100] In this embodiment, the housing 33 houses a battery-powered power source for the entire device. The motion mechanism 2 in this embodiment is electrically driven, and the steering system allows both front and rear wheels to rotate up to 45 degrees, facilitating quick positioning. The gears used in the wheelset 23 of the motion mechanism 2 are six-tooth gears, though multi-tooth gears could also be used to reduce vibration.

[0101] In this embodiment, the hydraulic telescopic rod 413 and the linkage link 414 together form a four-bar linkage. The slider 3 slides within the groove 1, while the slider 412 is connected to the hydraulic telescopic rod 43. The hydraulic telescopic rod 43, powered by a power source, acts as the active rod and is connected to the hydraulic transmission system. This system allows it to extend and contract, pushing the slider 412 to move. The support column 42 remains stationary, providing support. The linkage link 414 acts as a driven rod, connecting the slider 412 to the tensioning mechanism 3 and converting the slider 412's linear motion into a tilting motion for the tensioning mechanism 3. This entire tilting mechanism 4 allows this embodiment to flip from horizontal to vertical.

[0102] Example 6

[0103] A tensioning mechanical device for realizing tensioning and testing of anchor screws, based on Example 5,

[0104] In this embodiment, there are 7 operation buttons.

[0105] There are 7 operation buttons in three rows (A, B, and C are all in the first row, D, E, and F are in the second row, and G is in the third row):

[0106] Button A: Press the power button once to turn on the power, and press the power button twice to turn off the power.

[0107] Button B: Increase the running speed of motion mechanism 2, press once to increase by 0.3m / s;

[0108] Button C: Reduce the running speed of motion mechanism 2, press once to reduce by 0.3m / s;

[0109] Button D: controls the tensioning process of the tensioning mechanism 3. The first press starts the tensioning, and the second press stops the tensioning.

[0110] Button E: controls the lifting and lowering of the hydraulic lifting leg 61. Pressing the button for the first time lowers the hydraulic lifting leg 61 to the designated position. Pressing the button again raises the hydraulic lifting leg 61 to the initial position.

[0111] Button F: controls the flip angle of the flip mechanism 4;

[0112] Orange button G: Disconnect the power supply and all systems stop working.

[0113] In this embodiment, the display screen consists of four modules: 1. Battery power; 2. Prestressing value; 3. Moving speed of the motion mechanism 2; 4. Error signal.

[0114] The error signal in this embodiment includes:

[0115] ERROR1: The battery is insufficient and the device cannot be started or used normally;

[0116] ERROR2: The bottom of the hydraulic lifting leg 61 has not reached the ground. The hydraulic lifting leg 61 has been raised to its longest position but the pressure sensor data is 0.

[0117] ERROR3: The anchor screw slips out of the anchor screw fixing device 32, and the pressure sensor value suddenly decreases;

[0118] ERROR4: The prestressing force exceeds the critical value;

[0119] ERROR5: Motion mechanism 2 cannot operate normally;

[0120] ERROR6: Signal loss. The sensor of detection system 5 cannot transmit the detected data to the data processing center.

[0121] If any error occurs, this embodiment stops working and displays the corresponding error information in the error reporting module.

[0122] The specific operation steps of this embodiment include the following steps:

[0123] Step S1: Press Button A to start the device. Then press Button B to increase the speed of Motion Mechanism 2, moving the device from one anchor screw to the next required anchoring location. Press Button C to stop Motion Mechanism 2 and adjust its rest position so that the device is close to the anchor screw. Press Button E to lower the hydraulic lifting legs 61, firmly securing the device. If the display screen does not display ERROR1, ERROR2, or ERROR5 during this process, proceed to the next step. If so, resolve the corresponding issue.

[0124] Step S2: Unscrew the waterproof cap of the anchor screw and press button F to control the flip mechanism 4 to flip the device to the appropriate angle. The operator slides the metal rod 622 inside the metal cylinder 621 until it contacts the ground. At this point, the stop bolt 1 is moved to stop the movement of the metal rod 1. The operator ensures that the anchor screw is centered within the gap of the anchor screw fixture 32. Then, the operator presses button D to initiate the tensioning process. The operator waits for the bolt unit 3211 of the anchor screw fixture 32 to slowly retract inward, firmly securing the anchor screw. If no error message ERROR 3 is displayed, the anchor screw fixture 32 is in effect, and the device begins tensioning. If the tension exceeds the rated value, the display screen will display ERROR 4. During tensioning, data from the tension sensor on the top of the hydraulic jack 31 is transmitted to the data processing center for processing and displayed on the display screen. The operator can also determine whether to press button D again to terminate tensioning by observing the prestressing data on the display screen.

[0125] Step S3: After tensioning is complete, the system stores the final prestressing data in the computer. The device then automatically loosens the bolt unit 3211 of the anchor screw fixing device 32. Then, by pressing button F, the flip mechanism 4 flips the device back to its initial position. By pressing button E again, the device retracts the hydraulic lifting legs 61 to their initial position. The device then resets and returns to its original position, waiting to proceed to the next anchor screw tensioning location.

[0126] In this embodiment, signals from the pressure sensors on the hydraulic lift legs 61 and the anchor screw fixture 32 are transmitted to a data processing center. The data processing center can then use a pre-set program to calculate information such as whether the device is stable and whether the anchor screw fixture 32 is tightly securing the anchored screw. After the data processing center calculates this information through a pre-set program, it transmits the relevant data to a display screen. The display screen receives the information and displays whether an error has been reported. To ensure safety, if an error is reported, the entire system stops operating, requiring a system restart and redoing the process before normal operation can resume.

[0127] In this embodiment, the signal from the tension sensor at the hydraulic jack 31 is transmitted to the data processing center, which then uses a pre-set program to calculate whether the prestressing force exceeds the rated value and determine whether an error has occurred. After processing the data from these six sensors, the data is transmitted to the display screen, which displays the error status and the current prestressing force value. To ensure safety, the entire system stops operating if an error is reported, requiring a system restart and redoing this process before normal operation can resume.

[0128] During normal operation of this embodiment, due to the uneven ground, the extended lengths of the hydraulic lifting legs 61 are different, which meets the working conditions. However, once the pressure sensor value at any hydraulic lifting leg 61 is too low, it means that the hydraulic lifting leg 61 at that location is suspended in the air, and an alarm still needs to be issued. Similarly, in the anchor screw fixing device 32, since the anchor screw is not in the center of the gap of the anchor screw fixing device 32, there will be a period of time before tensioning that the pressure stress of the pressure sensors at some bolt units 3211 is too high, while the pressure sensor at a certain bolt unit 3211 is too low. Therefore, the tensioning program of the data processing center will determine that the compressive stress of all bolt units 3211 is greater than a certain value before starting tensioning. See Figure 4If the bolt array 321 is provided with three sensors A, B, and C, the bolt unit 3211 provided with pressure sensor A will first reach the required pressure value and stop telescoping; secondly, the bolt unit 3211 provided with pressure sensor B will reach the required pressure value and stop telescoping; finally, the bolt unit 3211 provided with pressure sensor C will reach the required pressure value and stop telescoping. Figure 4 It only represents a special case where the anchor screw is not centered).

[0129] In this embodiment, data from the tension sensor at the hydraulic jack 31 is required to determine whether tensioning is successful. In this example, six pressure sensors are used at the top of the hydraulic jack 31, but more than six pressure sensors can be used in actual implementation. In this case, six of these pressure sensors can be used to calculate the average value. The remaining pressure sensors can be used to verify the validity of the calculated average value. If the relative error obtained by the test exceeds a certain limit (e.g., 10%), the relevant sensors and data processing methods should be inspected and calibrated. After passing the test, data that meets the requirements can be obtained.

[0130] The above description of the embodiments is intended to facilitate understanding and use of the invention by those skilled in the art. It will be apparent that those skilled in the art can readily make various modifications to these embodiments and apply the general principles described herein to other embodiments without requiring inventive effort. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments. Improvements and modifications made by those skilled in the art based on the disclosure of the present invention, without departing from the scope of the present invention, should be within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A tensioning mechanical device for realizing tensioning and testing of anchor screws, characterized in that: The invention comprises a base (1), a motion mechanism (2) capable of driving the base (1) to move, a tensioning mechanism (3) capable of achieving tensioning of an anchoring screw, a flipping mechanism (4) capable of achieving flipping of the tensioning mechanism (3), a detection mechanism (5) capable of dynamically detecting tensioning prestress, a support mechanism (6) capable of supporting the base (1), and an operating system, wherein the motion mechanism (2) is arranged below the base (1), the tensioning mechanism (3) is connected to the base (1) via the flipping mechanism (4), and the motion mechanism (2), the tensioning mechanism (3), the flipping mechanism (4), the detection mechanism (5), and the support mechanism (6) are all connected to the operating system.

2. A tensioning mechanical device for tensioning and testing anchor screws according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tensioning mechanism (3) comprises a hydraulic jack (31), an anchoring screw fixing device (32) and a machine body (33); one end of the hydraulic jack (31) is connected to the machine body (33), and the other end is connected to the anchoring screw fixing device (32); the anchoring screw fixing device (32) comprises two parallel and spaced bolt arrays (321); the two bolt arrays (321) are spaced 20-40 cm apart; each bolt array (321) comprises at least n bolt units (3211); the bolt units (3211) are evenly and symmetrically distributed along the same circumference, and n is an even number greater than or equal to 6.

3. A tensioning mechanical device for tensioning and testing anchor screws according to claim 2, characterized in that: The bolt unit (3211) includes a retractable bolt assembly (32111) with an axial adjustment function, a pad (32112) is provided at the front end of the retractable bolt assembly (32111), and the pad (32112) includes an arc-shaped clamping surface that matches the shape of the anchor screw. The maximum diameter D of the central circular gap surrounded by the bolt unit (3211) is greater than the maximum outer diameter of the anchor screw.

4. A tensioning mechanical device for tensioning and testing anchor screws according to claim 3, characterized in that: The detection mechanism (5) includes a tension sensor and a pressure sensor, wherein: The tension sensors are arranged at equal intervals on the top of the hydraulic jack (31), and there are at least 6 tension sensors. The tension sensors are used to collect the tension provided by the location of the hydraulic jack (31); The pressure sensor is arranged between the front end of the retractable bolt assembly (32111) and the pad (32112), and is used to collect the pressure of each bolt unit (3211) in the bolt array (321) during the process of fixing the anchor screw; The number of the pressure sensors is n / 2, and at least one bolt unit (3211) between each bolt unit (3211) and its adjacent bolt unit (3211) is provided with a pressure sensor.

5. A tensioning mechanical device for tensioning and testing anchor screws according to claim 2, characterized in that: The supporting mechanism (6) comprises a first supporting mechanism for supporting the base (1) and a second supporting mechanism for supporting the tensioning mechanism (3), wherein: The first supporting mechanism comprises four hydraulic lifting legs (61) symmetrically arranged on both sides of the base (1), and a pressure sensor is embedded in the bottom end of the hydraulic lifting legs (61); The second supporting mechanism comprises two groups of second supporting units (62) respectively arranged on both sides of the machine body (33), and each group of second supporting units (62) comprises a metal cylinder (621), a metal rod (622) slidably arranged in the metal cylinder (621), and a limit bolt for locking the metal rod (622).

6. A tensioning mechanical device for tensioning and testing anchor screws according to claim 1, characterized in that: The flip mechanism (4) comprises two flip units respectively arranged on both sides of the base (1), each flip unit comprising a sliding assembly (41), a support column (42), a hydraulic telescopic rod (43) and a linkage rod (44), wherein: The sliding assembly (41) comprises a guide rail (411) arranged along the side of the base (1), a slider (412) slidably arranged in the guide rail (411), and a limiting mechanism for locking the position of the slider (412); The support column (42) is vertically arranged on the base (1); The hydraulic telescopic rod (43) and the linkage connecting rod (44) form a four-bar linkage.

7. A tensioning mechanical device for tensioning and testing anchor screws according to claim 6, characterized in that: The top end of the support column (42) is hinged to the tensioning mechanism (3) via a first hinge, the two ends of the hydraulic telescopic rod (43) are hinged to the side wall of the support column (42) and the slider (412) via a second hinge and a third hinge, respectively, and the two ends of the linkage link (44) are hinged to the slider (412) and the tensioning mechanism (3) via a fourth hinge and a fifth hinge, respectively. When the hydraulic telescopic rod (43) drives the slider (412) to slide back and forth along the guide rail (411), the linear displacement of the slider (412) is converted into a 0-90° flipping motion of the tensioning mechanism (3) around the axis of the first hinge part through the linkage connecting rod (44).

8. A tensioning mechanical device for tensioning and testing anchor screws according to claim 1, characterized in that: The motion mechanism (2) comprises two motion modules respectively arranged on both sides of the base (1), the motion modules comprising a crawler (21), a transmission unit (22), a wheel set (23) engaged with the crawler (21), and a drive control unit connected to an operating system, wherein the drive control unit rotates the wheel set (23) via the transmission unit (22), the wheel set (23) drives the crawler (21) to move, and the crawler (21) drives the base (1) to move through friction with the ground.

9. A tensioning mechanical device for tensioning and testing anchor screws according to claim 1, characterized in that: The operating system includes a data processing center, a display screen, and operating buttons, wherein the data processing center is capable of receiving and processing tensioning prestressing data collected by a detection mechanism (5), the display screen is capable of displaying the processing results of the data processing center, and the operating buttons have a built-in PLC control system, and the operating buttons are capable of controlling the execution of the motion mechanism (2), the tensioning mechanism (3), the flipping mechanism (4), the detection mechanism (5), and the supporting mechanism (6).

10. An operating method of a tensioning mechanical device for tensioning and testing an anchor screw according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The steps include: S1: The base (1) is driven to move to the anchor screw by the motion mechanism (2), and is fixed by the support mechanism (6); S2: The tensioning mechanism (3) is adjusted to a suitable position by the turning mechanism (4), the anchor screw is placed in the tensioning mechanism (3), and tensioning is performed after being fixed; S3: Dynamically detect the tensioning prestress through the detection mechanism (5).

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