Tunnel atmospheric pollution prevention control system based on tail gas collecting and monitoring means

Abstract

The invention discloses a control system for preventing tunnel atmospheric pollution based on a tail gas collecting and monitoring means, and relates to the technical field of tunnel atmospheric pollution prevention and control. Collecting and monitoring mechanisms are installed in a tunnel at equal intervals, a wind-driven impeller set is arranged between a collecting and efficiency-improving air duct and a tail gas collecting air duct, the air inlet end of a backflow air duct is connected with an air outlet of detection processing equipment, every two collecting and monitoring mechanisms correspond to one set of flow direction control mechanism, and the flow direction control mechanisms communicate with the backflow air duct. The negative-pressure air exhaust assembly is communicated with the two tail gas collection air ducts at the corresponding positions, the negative-pressure air exhaust air ducts are connected with an air inlet of an exhaust fan at the top of the tunnel, and the exhaust fan is used for conveying collected tail gas into detection treatment equipment. When it is monitored that the interior of the tunnel is in a low-air-pressure low-concentration state or a high-air-pressure low-concentration state or a low-air-pressure high-concentration state, the tail gas collecting effect can be guaranteed under the condition that the operation power of the draught fan is reduced, and the purposes of reducing electric energy loss and preventing air pollution are achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of tunnel air pollution prevention and control, and in particular relates to a tunnel air pollution prevention control system based on tail gas collection and monitoring means. Background Art

[0002] In tunnels, especially long tunnels, dirty gases are very likely to accumulate. When a traffic jam occurs inside a long tunnel, a large number of cars are not turned off, forming a large number of exhaust emission sources. At this time, a large amount of car exhaust accumulates in the tunnel. Pollutants such as carbon monoxide, hydrocarbons, nitrogen oxides and sulfur oxides in car exhaust can endanger people's health.

[0003] During the collection and monitoring of automobile exhaust in tunnels, when encountering traffic jams in the tunnel, that is, when the tunnel is at peak traffic hours, in order to ensure the air environment in the tunnel, the usual measure is to run the fan in the tunnel at full load. When the traffic jam in the tunnel is long, running the fan at full load will increase power loss, and it is impossible to achieve efficient collection and monitoring of exhaust gas in the tunnel by low-power operation of the fan.

[0004] To this end, we provide a tunnel air pollution prevention control system based on exhaust gas collection and monitoring methods to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a tunnel air pollution prevention control system based on exhaust gas collection and monitoring means. Through the specific structural design of the first collection component, the second collection component, the air duct docking component, the negative pressure exhaust component, the flow control component and the return air duct, the problem of increased power loss when the fan runs at full load when the traffic jam time in the tunnel is long and the problem of inability to achieve efficient collection and monitoring of exhaust gas in the tunnel through low-power operation of the fan is solved.

[0006] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions: the present invention is a control system for preventing tunnel air pollution based on exhaust gas collection and monitoring means, including a collection and monitoring mechanism, which is installed in the tunnel at equal intervals, and the collection and monitoring mechanism includes a first collection component and a second collection component that are symmetrically arranged, and the first collection component and the second collection component both include a collection efficiency-enhancing air duct, an exhaust gas collection air duct and a wind-driven impeller group, and the wind-driven impeller group is rotatably arranged between the collection efficiency-enhancing air duct and the exhaust gas collection air duct; a return air duct, the air inlet end of the return air duct is connected to the air outlet of the detection and processing equipment outside the tunnel, and the return air duct is arranged in a "U" shape in the tunnel; a flow direction control mechanism, every two The collection and monitoring mechanism corresponds to a group of flow control mechanisms, which are connected to the return air duct. The flow control mechanism includes a horizontally sliding air duct docking component; and a negative pressure exhaust duct, which is assembled from a number of negative pressure exhaust components. The negative pressure exhaust component is connected to two exhaust gas collection air ducts at corresponding positions, and the negative pressure exhaust duct is connected to the air inlet of the exhaust fan at the top of the tunnel. The exhaust fan is used to transport the collected exhaust gas to the detection and processing equipment; the first collection component and the second collection component also include a wind pressure sensor and a concentration detector. When low wind pressure and high concentration are detected at a certain position, the air duct docking component is controlled to be connected to the collection efficiency improvement air duct at that position to accelerate exhaust gas collection.

[0007] In some embodiments, the first collection component and the second collection component both further include a first mounting base mounted on the side wall of the tunnel, an air guide hood being fixedly mounted on the first mounting base, a hollow air guide box being fixedly mounted on the air guide hood, a negative pressure wind collecting box being fixedly mounted on the hollow air guide box, a plurality of air inlets communicating with an inner cavity of the negative pressure wind collecting box being provided on the surface thereof, two mounting plates being symmetrically fixedly mounted on the circumferential side of the negative pressure wind collecting box, and the wind pressure sensor and concentration detector being respectively mounted on corresponding mounting plates.

[0008] In some embodiments, a first negative pressure collection tube is fixedly installed on the top of the negative pressure wind collecting box, and a wind collecting hopper connected to the hollow air guide box is installed at the bottom of the hollow air guide box. The wind collecting hopper and the first negative pressure collection tube are connected through a second negative pressure collection tube. The exhaust gas collection duct consists of a negative pressure wind collecting box, a first negative pressure collection tube, a wind collecting hopper, a hollow air guide box and a second negative pressure collection tube.

[0009] In some embodiments, a first collection and efficiency-enhancing tube connected to the air guide cover is installed near the top on one side of the air guide cover, and a second collection and efficiency-enhancing tube connected to the air guide cover is installed near the bottom on the other side of the air guide cover. The first collection and efficiency-enhancing tube and the second collection and efficiency-enhancing tube are both installed on the first mounting seat, and the collection and efficiency-enhancing air duct consists of the first collection and efficiency-enhancing tube, the air guide cover, and the second collection and efficiency-enhancing tube.

[0010] In some embodiments, the wind-driven impeller group includes a linkage shaft rotatably installed between the wind guide cover, the hollow wind guide box and the negative pressure wind collecting box, and the linkage shaft is respectively installed with a first wind-driven wheel, a second wind-driven wheel and a negative pressure impeller, the first wind-driven wheel is arranged inside the wind guide cover, the second wind-driven wheel is arranged inside the hollow wind guide box, and the negative pressure impeller is arranged inside the negative pressure wind collecting box.

[0011] In some embodiments, the negative pressure exhaust assembly includes a second mounting base installed on the top of the tunnel, a negative pressure exhaust pipe is fixedly installed on the second mounting base, two exhaust docking pipes are symmetrically connected to the side surfaces of the negative pressure exhaust pipe, the exhaust docking pipes are connected to the first negative pressure collection pipe at the corresponding position through a flange, and each negative pressure exhaust pipe is connected through a flange, and the negative pressure exhaust duct is composed of several negative pressure exhaust pipes and exhaust docking pipes.

[0012] In some embodiments, the return air duct is composed of a first return air duct, a second return air duct, an exhaust air duct and several third return air ducts. The first return air duct is used to connect to the air outlet of the detection and processing equipment. The second return air duct is connected to the corresponding two third return air ducts through a flange, and the adjacent two third return air ducts are connected through a flange. The second return air duct is fixedly installed with a sealing part for sealing the end of the corresponding negative pressure exhaust pipe.

[0013] In some embodiments, the flow control mechanism also includes a flow control component; wherein, the flow control component includes a third mounting seat installed on the side wall of the tunnel, a flow control box is fixedly installed on the third mounting seat, an air duct extending into its inner cavity is installed on the top of the flow control box, a fixed sleeve is provided on the top of the air duct, the fixed sleeve is installed on the third return air duct, the third return air duct is provided with an air guide hole connected to the air duct, and an electromagnetic valve is installed on the air duct.

[0014] In some embodiments, a partition plate mounted on the air duct is slidably provided inside the flow control box, an elastic element connected to the partition plate is provided at the top of the flow control box, a flow-gathering magnetic plate is slidably provided inside the flow control box, an electromagnet that magnetically repels the flow-gathering magnetic plate is installed at the bottom of the flow control box, a transmission tooth plate is fixed between the flow-gathering magnetic plate and the partition plate; a limiting ring located above the flow-gathering magnetic plate is fixed inside the flow control box, an internal threaded tube running through both sides of the flow control box is rotatably provided inside the flow control box, a transmission gear meshing with the transmission tooth plate is installed on the circumferential side of the internal threaded tube, a first sealed tube connected to its inner cavity is fixed on one side of the flow control box, and a second sealed tube connected to its inner cavity is fixed on the other side of the flow control box, and the first sealed tube and the second sealed tube are coaxially arranged.

[0015] In some embodiments, the air duct docking assembly includes an air duct docking tube that is slidably fitted between a first sealed tube and a second sealed tube, and the side surfaces of the air duct docking tube are respectively provided with a first flow opening and a second flow opening, and the air duct docking tube is provided with a first docking joint near the end of the first flow opening, and the air duct docking tube is provided with a second docking joint near the end of the second flow opening, and a vertical support plate is fixed to the side surface of the air duct docking tube, and a horizontal screw that cooperates with the thread of the internal threaded pipe is fixed to the vertical support plate.

[0016] The present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. The present invention arranges a number of collection and monitoring mechanisms at equal intervals in the tunnel, and each collection and monitoring mechanism is arranged with two collection sites, that is, the first collection component and the second collection component on each collection and monitoring mechanism correspond to one collection site, so as to meet the double-sided exhaust gas collection in a wider tunnel. When the wind pressure sensor and the concentration detector detect that the interior of the tunnel is in low wind pressure and low concentration or high wind pressure and low concentration, the controller controls the exhaust fan to reduce the operating power. At this time, the air at each collection site in the tunnel is under the action of negative pressure. The air passes through the corresponding negative pressure wind box, wind bucket and second negative pressure collection pipe respectively and enters the first negative pressure collection pipe, and then flows upward from the first negative pressure collection pipe to converge into the negative pressure exhaust duct and is transported to the detection and processing equipment. In this way, the air collection at each collection site in the tunnel can be achieved by the low-power exhaust fan, thereby achieving the purpose of reducing power loss.

[0017] 2. The present invention can realize multi-directional collection of air at the collection points corresponding to the first collection component or the second collection component by arranging wind collecting scoops and air inlets in different directions, thereby improving the air collection effect at the collection points. When the exhaust gas collection duct is in a negative pressure environment, the air at the collection point in the tunnel directly enters the first negative pressure collection pipe through the negative pressure wind collecting box on the one hand, and on the other hand, the air is collected into the first negative pressure collection pipe through the wind collecting scoop and the second negative pressure collection pipe. The air entering the first negative pressure collection pipe is collected into the negative pressure exhaust duct through the negative pressure exhaust component and transported to the detection and processing equipment.

[0018] 3. In the present invention, when the air flow flows through the collection efficiency-enhancing air duct, the first wind-driven wheel in the air guide cover rotates under the action of the air flow, and drives the second wind-driven wheel and the negative pressure impeller to rotate synchronously under the action of the linkage shaft. During the rotation of the negative pressure impeller, the air at the collection site is accelerated to enter the negative pressure wind collecting box and flow upward along the first negative pressure collection pipe to the negative pressure exhaust duct. At the same time, during the rotation of the second wind-driven wheel, the air at the collection site is accelerated to enter the first negative pressure collection pipe along the wind collecting bucket, the hollow air guide box and the second negative pressure collection pipe to converge. In this way, the air in different directions at the collection site is accelerated to enter the negative pressure exhaust duct, which not only improves the collection efficiency of the exhaust gas at the collection site but also improves the exhaust gas collection effect.

[0019] 4. When the wind pressure sensor and concentration detector at a certain collection point or multiple collection points detect that the interior of the tunnel is in a low wind pressure and high concentration, that is, when the tunnel is detected to be in a traffic jam, the controller controls the exhaust fan to operate at normal power or low power. During the operation of the exhaust fan, the airflow in the return air duct is controlled to enter the first collection efficiency enhancement pipe or the second collection efficiency enhancement pipe along the air duct docking components at these collection points, thereby driving the rotation of the wind-driven impeller group at these collection points to accelerate the air at these collection points to enter the negative pressure exhaust pipe along the exhaust gas collection air duct, and the collected automobile exhaust gas is transported to the detection and processing equipment through the action of the exhaust fan to complete the detection and purification of the collected gas. By reducing the fan operating power during traffic jam to ensure the exhaust gas collection efficiency, the purpose of reducing power loss is achieved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for describing the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0021] Figure 1 It is a structural diagram of the intelligent control system of the tunnel fan based on exhaust gas collection in the present invention.

[0022] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A magnified view of the local structure at point A.

[0023] Figure 3 for Figure 1 top view of the structure.

[0024] Figure 4 for Figure 3 A magnified view of the local structure at point B in the middle.

[0025] Figure 5 for Figure 1 side view of the structure.

[0026] Figure 6 It is a structural diagram of the data collection and monitoring mechanism in the present invention.

[0027] Figure 7 It is a structural cross-sectional view of the first collecting component or the second collecting component in the present invention.

[0028] Figure 8 for Figure 7 A magnified view of the local structure at point C in the middle.

[0029] Figure 9It is a structural diagram of the first acquisition component or the second acquisition component in the present invention.

[0030] Figure 10 for Figure 9 Schematic diagram of the structure from another angle.

[0031] Figure 11 It is a structural schematic diagram of the flow direction control mechanism in the present invention.

[0032] Figure 12 It is a structural schematic diagram of the flow direction control component in the present invention.

[0033] Figure 13 It is a structural cross-sectional view of the flow direction control component in the present invention.

[0034] Figure 14 This is another structural cross-sectional view of the flow direction control component in the present invention.

[0035] Figure 15 It is a structural schematic diagram of the air duct docking assembly in the present invention.

[0036] In the accompanying drawings, the components represented by the reference numerals are as follows:

[0037] 1-collection monitoring mechanism, 2-first collection component, 3-second collection component, 4-flow control mechanism, 5-air duct docking component, 6-negative pressure exhaust component, 7-wind pressure sensor, 8-concentration detector, 9-first mounting seat, 10-air guide cover, 11-hollow air guide box, 12-negative pressure air collection box, 13-air inlet, 14-mounting plate, 15-first negative pressure collection pipe, 16-wind collecting bucket, 17-second negative pressure collection pipe, 18-first collection efficiency enhancement pipe, 19-second collection efficiency enhancement pipe, 20-linked rotating shaft, 21-first wind drive wheel, 22-second wind drive wheel, 23-negative pressure impeller, 24-second mounting seat, 25-negative pressure exhaust pipe, 26-exhaust docking pipe, 27-first return air duct, 28-second return air duct, 29-exhaust air duct, 30-third return air duct, 31-sealing piece, 32-flow control assembly, 33-third mounting seat, 34-flow control box, 35-air guide duct, 36-fixing sleeve, 37-solenoid valve, 38-partition plate, 39-elastic element, 40-flow-gathering magnetic plate, 41-transmission gear plate, 42-limiting ring, 43-inner threaded tube, 44-transmission gear, 45-first sealed tube, 46-second sealed tube, 47-air duct docking tube, 48-first flow port, 49-second flow port, 50-first butt joint, 51-second butt joint, 52-vertical support plate, 53-horizontal screw. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making any creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0039] For specific embodiment 1, please refer to Figure 1-15 The present invention is a tunnel air pollution prevention control system based on tail gas collection and monitoring means, comprising a collection and monitoring mechanism 1, a return air duct, a flow direction control mechanism 4 and a negative pressure exhaust air duct; the collection and monitoring mechanism 1 is installed in the tunnel at equal intervals, and the collection and monitoring mechanism 1 comprises a first collection component 2 and a second collection component 3 that are symmetrically arranged (it should be noted that, Figure 6 The above is just one arrangement of the collection and monitoring mechanism 1. Another arrangement of the collection and monitoring mechanism 1 is the same as Figure 6 The only difference is that Figure 6 The first acquisition component 2 is named as the second acquisition component 3, and the second acquisition component 3 is named as the first acquisition component 2), such as Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the structures of the various collection and monitoring mechanisms 1 from left to right are the same, except that the arrangement positions of the first collection component 2 and the second collection component 3 on each collection and monitoring mechanism 1 are different. Specifically, the first collection component 2 on the first collection and monitoring mechanism 1 on the left is located at the bottom, the second collection component 3 on the first collection and monitoring mechanism 1 on the left is located at the top, the second collection component 3 on the second collection and monitoring mechanism 1 on the left is located at the bottom, and the first collection component 2 on the second collection and monitoring mechanism 1 on the left is located at the top. That is to say, for Figure 3 The collection components in the lower row are arranged from left to right in the following order: first collection component 2, second collection component 3, first collection component 2, second collection component 3... second collection component 3; Figure 3 The collection assemblies in the top row are arranged from left to right in the following order: second collection assembly 3, first collection assembly 2, second collection assembly 3, first collection assembly 2, ... first collection assembly 2. First collection assembly 2 and second collection assembly 3 each include an efficiency-enhancing air duct, an exhaust gas collection duct, and a wind-driven impeller assembly. The wind-driven impeller assembly is rotatably positioned between the efficiency-enhancing air duct and the exhaust gas collection duct. Rotation of the wind-driven impeller assembly improves the exhaust gas collection duct's efficiency in collecting vehicle exhaust within the tunnel.

[0040] The air inlet end of the return air duct is connected to the air outlet of the detection and processing equipment outside the tunnel. The return air duct is arranged in a "U" shape in the tunnel. It should be noted that the detection and processing equipment in this embodiment belongs to the conventional exhaust gas detection and purification treatment equipment in the prior art, and the technology is already very mature. Therefore, the internal structure of the detection and processing equipment will not be described in detail here. The collected automobile exhaust gas inside the tunnel is purified after the detection is completed, and the gas discharged after purification is returned through the air outlet into the return air duct.

[0041] Every two collection and monitoring mechanisms 1 correspond to a set of flow control mechanisms 4, which are connected to the return air duct and include a horizontally sliding air duct docking assembly 5; Figure 3 As shown, a group of flow direction control mechanisms 4 (i.e., two symmetrically arranged flow direction control mechanisms 4) is arranged between the first collection and monitoring mechanism 1 and the second collection and monitoring mechanism 1 from left to right, and a group of flow direction control mechanisms 4 is arranged between the third collection and monitoring mechanism 1 and the fourth collection and monitoring mechanism 1. According to this arrangement, a group of flow direction control mechanisms 4 is also arranged between the last two collection and monitoring mechanisms 1.

[0042] The negative pressure exhaust duct is assembled by several negative pressure exhaust components 6 (connected by flanges for easy disassembly and assembly), and the negative pressure exhaust component 6 is connected to the two exhaust gas collection ducts at corresponding positions (that is, the negative pressure exhaust component 6 is connected to the exhaust gas collection ducts on the first collection component 2 and the second collection component 3 on both sides thereof), and the negative pressure exhaust duct is connected to the air inlet of the exhaust fan at the top of the tunnel. The exhaust fan is used to transport the collected exhaust gas to the detection and processing equipment. In the process of controlling the operation of the exhaust fan, the air inside the exhaust gas collection ducts on both sides is extracted through the negative pressure exhaust duct, so that a negative pressure environment is formed inside each exhaust gas collection duct, and then the air at each collection point in the tunnel is sucked into the exhaust gas collection duct, and then enters the negative pressure exhaust duct from the exhaust gas collection duct and is transported to the detection and processing equipment to complete the detection and purification of the collected gas. When it is monitored that the exhaust gas concentration in the tunnel is low, the exhaust fan is controlled to reduce the operating power to save electricity.

[0043] The first collection component 2 and the second collection component 3 both further include a wind pressure sensor 7 and a concentration detector 8. When low wind pressure and high concentration are detected at a certain location (i.e., indicating that the tunnel is at a peak of traffic congestion at this time), the air duct docking component 5 is controlled to be connected to the collection efficiency-enhancing air duct at that location to accelerate exhaust gas collection. At this time, the collection of air at the collection site can be accelerated without changing the operating power of the exhaust fan, thereby achieving the purpose of reducing the automobile exhaust concentration at the collection site. That is, when the exhaust fan is controlled to operate at normal power or low power, the purpose of improving the automobile exhaust collection efficiency in the tunnel can be achieved.

[0044] In some embodiments, as Figure 8 、 Figure 9 and Figure 10 As shown, the first collection component 2 and the second collection component 3 also include a first mounting base 9 installed on the side wall of the tunnel, and an air guide cover 10 is fixedly installed on the first mounting base 9, and a hollow air guide box 11 is fixedly installed on the air guide cover 10, and a negative pressure wind collecting box 12 is fixedly installed on the hollow wind guide box 11. The surface of the negative pressure wind collecting box 12 is provided with a plurality of air inlets 13 connected to its inner cavity, and two mounting plates 14 are symmetrically fixedly installed on the side of the negative pressure wind collecting box 12. The wind pressure sensor 7 and the concentration detector 8 are respectively installed on the corresponding mounting plates 14. In this embodiment, the wind pressure sensor 7 and the concentration detector 8 are both commonly used detection equipment. The wind pressure sensor 7 is used to detect the wind pressure in the tunnel, and the concentration detector 8 (i.e., the concentration sensor) is used to detect the exhaust gas concentration in the tunnel.

[0045] In some embodiments, as Figure 9 and Figure 10 As shown, a first negative pressure collection pipe 15 is fixedly installed on the top of the negative pressure wind collecting box 12, and a wind collecting scoop 16 connected to the bottom of the hollow air guide box 11 is installed. The wind collecting scoop 16 and the first negative pressure collection pipe 15 are connected through a second negative pressure collection pipe 17. The exhaust gas collection duct is composed of the negative pressure wind collecting box 12, the first negative pressure collection pipe 15, the wind collecting scoop 16, the hollow air guide box 11 and the second negative pressure collection pipe 17. By arranging the wind collecting scoops 16 and the air inlet 13 in different directions, the first collection component 2 or the second collection component 3 can be collected correspondingly. The multi-directional collection of air at the collection point can improve the air collection effect at the collection point. When the exhaust gas collection duct is in a negative pressure environment, the air at the collection point in the tunnel directly enters the first negative pressure collection pipe 15 through the negative pressure collection box 12. On the other hand, the air is collected into the first negative pressure collection pipe 15 through the air collecting hopper 16 and the second negative pressure collection pipe 17. The air entering the first negative pressure collection pipe 15 is collected into the negative pressure exhaust duct through the negative pressure exhaust component 6 and is transported to the detection and processing equipment.

[0046] Several collection and monitoring mechanisms 1 are arranged at equal intervals in the tunnel, and each collection and monitoring mechanism 1 is arranged with two collection sites, that is, the first collection component 2 and the second collection component 3 on each collection and monitoring mechanism 1 correspond to one collection site, so as to meet the requirements of bilateral exhaust gas collection in a wider tunnel (that is, bilateral exhaust gas collection on multiple lanes). When the wind pressure sensor 7 and the concentration detector 8 detect that the interior of the tunnel is at low wind pressure and low concentration, that is, when it is detected that there are no vehicles passing through the tunnel (usually late at night), the controller controls the exhaust fan to reduce the operating power. At this time, the air at each collection site in the tunnel, under the action of negative pressure, passes through the corresponding negative pressure collection box 12, the air collection bucket 16 and the second negative pressure collection pipe 17 and enters the first negative pressure collection pipe 15, and then flows upward from the first negative pressure collection pipe 15 to converge into the negative pressure exhaust duct and is transported to the detection and processing equipment. In this way, the air collection at each collection site in the tunnel can be achieved by the low-power exhaust fan, thereby achieving the purpose of reducing power loss.

[0047] When the wind pressure sensor 7 and the concentration detector 8 detect that the interior of the tunnel is in a high wind pressure and low concentration, that is, when the interior of the tunnel is in a traffic flow condition (no traffic jam occurs and the vehicle density is low), the controller controls the exhaust fan to reduce the operating power. At this time, the air at each collection point in the tunnel enters the first negative pressure collection pipe 15 through the corresponding negative pressure wind collecting box 12, wind collecting bucket 16 and second negative pressure collection pipe 17 under the action of negative pressure, and then flows upward from the first negative pressure collection pipe 15 to converge into the negative pressure exhaust duct and be transported to the detection and processing equipment. Since the car travels at a high speed in the tunnel, high wind pressure is generated, and the high airflow generated by the high wind pressure enters the wind collecting bucket 16 along the direction of the car's travel. The air flow entering the wind collecting hopper 16 drives the wind-driven impeller group to rotate, thereby accelerating the air at the collection point to enter the first negative pressure collection pipe 15 through the air inlet 13 and the negative pressure collection box 12. At the same time, the air flow entering the wind collecting hopper 16 enters the first negative pressure collection pipe 15 along the second negative pressure collection pipe 17. In this way, the air in multiple directions at the collection point can be accelerated and collected and gathered into the first negative pressure collection pipe 15, and then accelerated and gathered into the negative pressure exhaust duct by the first negative pressure collection pipe 15 and transported to the detection and processing equipment. In this way, the air collection at each collection point in the tunnel can be accelerated by the low-power exhaust fan, thereby achieving the purpose of reducing power loss and improving exhaust gas collection efficiency.

[0048] Specific embodiment 2, based on specific embodiment 1, as Figure 9 and Figure 10As shown, a first collection and efficiency-enhancing tube 18 connected to the air guide cover 10 is installed near the top position on one side thereof, and a second collection and efficiency-enhancing tube 19 connected to the air guide cover 10 is installed near the bottom position on the other side thereof. The first collection and efficiency-enhancing tube 18 and the second collection and efficiency-enhancing tube 19 are both installed on the first mounting seat 9. The collection and efficiency-enhancing air duct is composed of the first collection and efficiency-enhancing tube 18, the air guide cover 10 and the second collection and efficiency-enhancing tube 19. When the airflow flows inside the collection and efficiency-enhancing air duct, it drives the wind-driven impeller group to rotate, thereby accelerating the air at the collection point in the tunnel (air mixed with automobile exhaust) to enter the exhaust gas collection air duct, thereby realizing the acceleration of the air at the collection point into the negative pressure exhaust air duct, and being transported to the detection and processing equipment under the action of the exhaust fan, thereby greatly improving the collection efficiency of the air at the collection point in the tunnel.

[0049] In some embodiments, as Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown, the wind-driven impeller group includes a linkage shaft 20 rotatably installed between the wind guide cover 10, the hollow wind guide box 11 and the negative pressure wind box 12 (rotatably connected by a bearing to reduce the resistance of the entire wind-driven impeller group during rotation), and a first wind-driven wheel 21, a second wind-driven wheel 22 and a negative pressure impeller 23 are respectively installed on the linkage shaft 20 (it should be noted that the first wind-driven wheel 21, the second wind-driven wheel 22 and the negative pressure impeller 23 in this embodiment are all made of lightweight materials, so that the airflow flowing in the efficiency-enhancing air duct can be easily driven to rotate the entire wind-driven impeller group), the first wind-driven wheel 21 is arranged inside the wind guide cover 10, the second wind-driven wheel 22 is arranged inside the hollow wind guide box 11, and the negative pressure impeller 23 is arranged inside the negative pressure Inside the wind collecting box 12, when the air flow flows through the collection efficiency-enhancing air duct, the first wind-driven wheel 21 in the wind guide cover 10 rotates under the action of the air flow, and drives the second wind-driven wheel 22 and the negative pressure impeller 23 to rotate synchronously under the action of the linkage shaft 20. During the rotation of the negative pressure impeller 23, the air at the collection site is accelerated to enter the negative pressure wind collecting box 12 and flow upward along the first negative pressure collection pipe 15 to the negative pressure exhaust duct. At the same time, during the rotation of the second wind-driven wheel 22, the air at the collection site is accelerated along the wind collecting bucket 16, the hollow air guide box 11 and the second negative pressure collection pipe 17 into the first negative pressure collection pipe 15 to achieve convergence, thereby realizing the acceleration of air in different directions at the collection site into the negative pressure exhaust duct.

[0050] In some embodiments, as Figure 1 and Figure 6As shown, the negative pressure exhaust assembly 6 includes a second mounting base 24 installed on the top of the tunnel (specifically, a carrier frame is arranged on the top of the tunnel according to the installation needs, and the second mounting base 24 on each negative pressure exhaust assembly 6 is connected to the carrier frame through a fastener). A negative pressure exhaust pipe 25 is fixedly installed on the second mounting base 24, and two exhaust docking pipes 26 are symmetrically connected to the side of the negative pressure exhaust pipe 25. The exhaust docking pipe 26 is connected to the first negative pressure collection pipe 15 at the corresponding position through a flange. Each negative pressure exhaust pipe 25 is connected through a flange. The negative pressure exhaust duct consists of several negative pressure exhaust pipes 25 and exhaust docking pipes. tube 26; during the operation of the exhaust fan, the air inside each negative pressure exhaust pipe 25 is extracted and transported to the detection and processing equipment. At this time, negative pressure is formed at the connection port of each negative pressure exhaust pipe 25 and the corresponding exhaust docking pipe 26, and then the air in each exhaust docking pipe 26 is sucked into the negative pressure exhaust pipe 25, thereby enabling the air (mixed with automobile exhaust) at each collection point to be negatively pressured and extracted into the negative pressure exhaust pipe 25 through each exhaust collection duct, and the collected automobile exhaust is transported to the detection and processing equipment through the action of the exhaust fan to complete the detection and purification of the collected gas.

[0051] In some embodiments, as Figures 1 to 3 As shown, the return air duct consists of a first return air duct 27, a second return air duct 28, an exhaust air duct 29 and a plurality of third return air ducts 30. The first return air duct 27 is used to connect to the air outlet of the detection and processing equipment. The second return air duct 28 is connected to the corresponding two third return air ducts 30 through a flange connection. The adjacent two third return air ducts 30 are connected through a flange connection. The second return air duct 28 is fixedly installed with a blocking member 31 for blocking the end of the corresponding negative pressure exhaust pipe 25. In the initial state, Figure 3 The air duct docking components 5 on each flow direction control mechanism 4 in the upper middle row are tightly plugged into the second collection and efficiency enhancement pipe 19 on the first collection component 2 on its right side, and the air duct docking components 5 on each flow direction control mechanism 4 in the lower row are tightly plugged into the first collection and efficiency enhancement pipe 18 on the first collection component 2 on its left side. When the wind pressure sensor 7 and the concentration detector 8 at a certain collection point or multiple collection points detect that the interior of the tunnel is in a low wind pressure and high concentration, that is, when it detects that the interior of the tunnel is in a traffic jam, the controller controls the exhaust fan to be in normal operating power (or low power operation). During the operation of the exhaust fan, the airflow in the return air duct is controlled to enter the first collection and efficiency enhancement pipe 18 or the second collection and efficiency enhancement pipe 19 along the air duct docking components 5 at these collection points, thereby driving the rotation of the wind-driven impeller group at these collection points to accelerate the air at these collection points along the exhaust gas collection air duct into the negative pressure exhaust pipe 25, and the collected automobile exhaust gas is transported to the detection and processing equipment through the action of the exhaust fan to complete the detection and purification of the collected gas.

[0052] Specific embodiment 3, based on specific embodiment 2, as Figure 11 and Figure 12 As shown, the flow control mechanism 4 also includes a flow control component 32; wherein, the flow control component 32 includes a third mounting base 33 installed on the side wall of the tunnel, and a flow control box 34 is fixedly installed on the third mounting base 33. A wind duct 35 extending into its inner cavity is installed on the top of the flow control box 34, and a fixed sleeve 36 is provided on the top of the wind duct 35. The fixed sleeve 36 is installed on the third return air duct 30, and an air guide hole connected to the air guide duct 35 is opened on the third return air duct 30. A solenoid valve 37 is installed on the air guide duct 35. When the solenoid valve 37 is opened, the gas in the third return air duct 30 can enter the air guide duct 35 along the air guide hole, and then enter the inner cavity of the flow control box 34 through the air guide duct 35.

[0053] In some embodiments, as Figure 13 and Figure 14 As shown, a partition plate 38 is slidingly provided inside the flow control box 34 and is sleeved on the air duct 35. The partition plate 38 is provided so that the gas entering the inner cavity of the flow control box 34 is completely under the partition plate 38. An elastic element 39 connected to the partition plate 38 is provided at the top of the flow control box 34. A flow-gathering magnetic plate 40 is slidingly provided inside the flow control box 34. An electromagnet that magnetically repels the flow-gathering magnetic plate 40 is installed at the bottom of the flow control box 34. A transmission tooth plate 41 is fixed between the flow-gathering magnetic plate 40 and the partition plate 38; a limiting ring 42 is fixed above the flow-gathering magnetic plate 40 inside the flow control box 34, and an internal threaded tube 43 is rotatably provided inside the flow control box 34 that runs through both sides thereof. A transmission gear 44 that meshes with the transmission tooth plate 41 is installed on the side surface of the internal threaded tube 43. A first sealed tube 45 communicating with its inner cavity is fixed to one side of the flow control box 34, and a second sealed tube 46 communicating with its inner cavity is fixed to the other side of the flow control box 34. The first sealed tube 45 and the second sealed tube 46 are coaxially arranged; in the initial state, the flow-gathering magnetic plate 40 is against the bottom of the flow control box 34. At this time, the elastic element 39 is in a compressed state. When the electromagnet at the bottom of the flow control box 34 is energized and magnetized, the flow-gathering magnetic plate 40 moves upward under the action of the strong magnetic repulsive force. The partition plate 38, which moves upward synchronously with the flow-gathering magnetic plate 40, gradually compresses the elastic element 39 until the flow-gathering magnetic plate 40 is pressed against the bottom of the limit ring 42. In this process, the transmission tooth plate 41, which moves upward synchronously with the flow-gathering magnetic plate 40, drives the transmission gear 44 to rotate, thereby realizing the rotation of the internal threaded tube 43.

[0054] In some embodiments, as Figure 11 and Figure 15As shown, the air duct docking assembly 5 includes an air duct docking tube 47 that is slidably fitted between the first sealed tube 45 and the second sealed tube 46. The side surfaces of the air duct docking tube 47 are respectively provided with a first flow opening 48 and a second flow opening 49. A first docking joint 50 is installed at the end of the air duct docking tube 47 near the first flow opening 48, and a second docking joint 51 is installed at the end of the air duct docking tube 47 near the second flow opening 49. A vertical support plate 52 is fixed to the side surface of the air duct docking tube 47, and a horizontal screw 53 that is threadedly fitted with the internal threaded tube 43 is fixed on the vertical support plate 52. In the initial state, Figure 3 The second pair of joints 51 on the air duct docking assembly 5 corresponding to each flow direction control mechanism 4 in the upper middle row are tightly plugged into the second collection efficiency enhancement tube 19 on the first collection assembly 2 on its right side, and the second pair of joints 51 on the air duct docking assembly 5 corresponding to each flow direction control mechanism 4 in the lower row are tightly plugged into the first collection efficiency enhancement tube 18 on the first collection assembly 2 on its left side. At this time, the first flow opening 48 on the air duct docking tube 47 is located inside the flow direction control box 34, and the second flow opening 49 is located inside the second sealed tube 46 and is blocked. When the wind pressure sensor 7 and the concentration detector 8 at a certain collection point or multiple collection points detect that the interior of the tunnel is in a low wind pressure and high concentration, that is, when it detects that the interior of the tunnel is in a traffic jam, the controller controls the exhaust fan to be in normal operating power and controls the opening of the solenoid valves 37 at these collection points. During the operation of the exhaust fan, The airflow in the return air duct enters the air duct 35 along the air guide holes at these collection sites, and then enters the inner cavity of the flow control box 34 through the air duct 35. The airflow flowing into the inner cavity of the control box 34 enters the air duct connecting pipe 47 along the first flow port 48, and then enters the first collection efficiency-enhancing pipe 18 or the second collection efficiency-enhancing pipe 19 through the air duct connecting pipe 47, thereby driving the rotation of the wind-driven impeller group at these collection sites to accelerate the air at these collection sites to enter the negative pressure exhaust pipe 25 along the exhaust gas collection air duct, and the collected automobile exhaust gas is transported to the detection and processing equipment through the action of the exhaust fan to complete the detection and purification of the collected gas. When the wind pressure sensor 7 and the concentration detector 8 at the collection site detect that low wind pressure and high concentration have changed to low wind pressure and low concentration or high wind pressure and low concentration, the control system controls the closing of the solenoid valve 37 at the collection site.

[0055] When the wind pressure sensor 7 and the concentration detector 8 detect that one or more of the collection points on the left side of the flow control mechanism 4 in the upper row of the tunnel (i.e., the flow control mechanism 4 on the left) are in low wind pressure and high concentration, or one or more of the collection points on the right side of the flow control mechanism 4 in the lower row (i.e., the flow control mechanism 4 on the right) are in low wind pressure and high concentration, the control system controls the electromagnets at these collection points to be energized and magnetized, and the flow-gathering magnetic plate 40 is moved upward by the strong magnetic repulsive force and pressed against the bottom of the limit ring 42, and the transmission gear is driven by the upward transmission tooth plate 41. 44 rotates and drives the internal threaded tube 43 to rotate. Under the thread cooperation of the internal threaded tube 43 and the horizontal screw 53, the air duct docking tubes 47 at these collection sites are driven to move until the first pair of joints 50 on the upper row of air duct docking components 5 are tightly plugged into the first collection efficiency-enhancing tube 18 on the left, or the first pair of joints 50 on the lower row of air duct docking components 5 are tightly plugged into the second collection efficiency-enhancing tube 19 on the right. At this time, the second flow port 49 on the air duct docking tube 47 is located on the inner side of the flow control box 34, and the first flow port 48 is blocked inside the first sealed tube 45.

[0056] Then the controller controls the exhaust fan to be in normal operating power and controls the opening of the solenoid valves 37 at these collection sites. During the operation of the exhaust fan, the airflow in the return air duct enters the air guide pipe 35 along the air guide holes at these collection sites, and then enters the inner cavity of the flow control box 34 from the air guide pipe 35. The airflow in the inner cavity of the control box 34 enters the air duct connecting pipe 47 along the second flow port 49, and then enters the first collection efficiency-enhancing pipe 18 or the second collection efficiency-enhancing pipe 19 from the air duct connecting pipe 47, thereby driving the rotation of the wind-driven impeller groups at these collection sites to accelerate the air at these collection sites to enter the exhaust gas collection duct. The exhaust gas collected by the automobile is transported to the detection and processing equipment through the action of the exhaust fan to complete the detection and purification of the collected gas. When the wind pressure sensor 7 and the concentration detector 8 at the collection site detect that low wind pressure and high concentration have changed to low wind pressure and low concentration or high wind pressure and low concentration, the control system controls the electromagnet at this position to be de-energized and demagnetized, so that the flow-gathering magnetic plate 40 moves down and presses against the bottom of the flow control box 34 again, and the first flow port 48 moves back to the inside of the flow control box 34, that is, the air duct docking assembly 5 at the collection site returns to the initial position, and then controls the closing of the solenoid valve 37 at the collection site.

[0057] Throughout this specification, references to terms such as "one embodiment," "example," or "specific example" indicate that the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in conjunction with that embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, schematic representations of these terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.

[0058] The preferred embodiments of the present invention disclosed above are intended only to help illustrate the present invention. These preferred embodiments do not exhaustively describe all details, nor do they limit the present invention to the specific embodiments described. Obviously, many modifications and variations are possible based on the content of this specification. These embodiments are selected and described in detail in this specification to better explain the principles and practical applications of the present invention, thereby enabling those skilled in the art to better understand and utilize the present invention. The present invention is limited only by the claims and their full scope and equivalents.

Claims

1. A tunnel air pollution prevention control system based on tail gas collection and monitoring means, characterized in that: include: A collection monitoring mechanism (1) is installed at equal intervals in a tunnel, and comprises a first collection component (2) and a second collection component (3) that are symmetrically arranged, wherein the first collection component (2) and the second collection component (3) both comprise a collection efficiency-enhancing air duct, an exhaust gas collection air duct, and a wind-driven impeller assembly, wherein the wind-driven impeller assembly is rotatably arranged between the collection efficiency-enhancing air duct and the exhaust gas collection air duct; A return air duct, the air inlet end of which is connected to the air outlet of the detection and processing equipment outside the tunnel, and the return air duct is arranged in a "U" shape in the tunnel; A flow direction control mechanism (4), wherein each two collection and monitoring mechanisms (1) correspond to a group of flow direction control mechanisms (4), the flow direction control mechanism (4) being connected to the return air duct, and the flow direction control mechanism (4) comprising a horizontally sliding air duct docking assembly (5); and A negative pressure exhaust duct, the negative pressure exhaust duct being assembled from a plurality of negative pressure exhaust components (6), the negative pressure exhaust components (6) being connected to two tail gas collection ducts at corresponding positions, the negative pressure exhaust duct being connected to an air inlet of an exhaust fan at the top of the tunnel, the exhaust fan being used to transport the collected tail gas to a detection and processing device; The first collection component (2) and the second collection component (3) both further include a wind pressure sensor (7) and a concentration detector (8). When low wind pressure and high concentration are detected at a certain location, the air duct docking component (5) is controlled to connect with the collection efficiency-enhancing air duct at that location to accelerate exhaust gas collection.

2. A tunnel air pollution prevention control system based on tail gas collection and monitoring means according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first collection assembly (2) and the second collection assembly (3) both further comprise a first mounting base (9) mounted on the side wall of the tunnel, an air guide hood (10) being fixedly mounted on the first mounting base (9), a hollow air guide box (11) being fixedly mounted on the air guide hood (10), a negative pressure air collection box (12) being fixedly mounted on the hollow air guide box (11), a surface of the negative pressure air collection box (12) being provided with a plurality of air inlets (13) communicating with its inner cavity, two mounting plates (14) being symmetrically fixedly mounted on the lateral sides of the negative pressure air collection box (12), and the wind pressure sensor (7) and the concentration detector (8) being respectively mounted on corresponding mounting plates (14).

3. The tunnel air pollution prevention control system based on tail gas collection and monitoring means according to claim 2 is characterized in that: A first negative pressure collection pipe (15) is fixedly installed on the top of the negative pressure air collecting box (12), and a wind collecting hopper (16) connected to the hollow air guide box (11) is installed on the bottom of the hollow air guide box (11). The wind collecting hopper (16) and the first negative pressure collection pipe (15) are connected via a second negative pressure collection pipe (17). The exhaust gas collection duct consists of the negative pressure air collecting box (12), the first negative pressure collection pipe (15), the wind collecting hopper (16), the hollow air guide box (11) and the second negative pressure collection pipe (17).

4. The tunnel air pollution prevention control system based on tail gas collection and monitoring means according to claim 3 is characterized in that: A first collecting and improving pipe (18) in communication with the air guide cover (10) is installed near the top on one side of the air guide cover (10), and a second collecting and improving pipe (19) in communication with the air guide cover (10) is installed near the bottom on the other side of the air guide cover (10). Both the first collecting and improving pipe (18) and the second collecting and improving pipe (19) are installed on the first mounting seat (9). The collecting and improving air duct consists of the first collecting and improving pipe (18), the air guide cover (10), and the second collecting and improving pipe (19).

5. The tunnel air pollution prevention control system based on tail gas collection and monitoring means according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The wind-driven impeller assembly comprises a linkage rotating shaft (20) rotatably mounted between an air guide cover (10), a hollow air guide box (11) and a negative pressure air collecting box (12); a first wind-driven wheel (21), a second wind-driven wheel (22) and a negative pressure impeller (23) are respectively mounted on the linkage rotating shaft (20); the first wind-driven wheel (21) is arranged inside the air guide cover (10), the second wind-driven wheel (22) is arranged inside the hollow air guide box (11), and the negative pressure impeller (23) is arranged inside the negative pressure air collecting box (12).

6. The tunnel air pollution prevention control system based on tail gas collection and monitoring means according to claim 5 is characterized in that: The negative pressure exhaust assembly (6) comprises a second mounting seat (24) mounted on the top of the tunnel, a negative pressure exhaust pipe (25) is fixedly mounted on the second mounting seat (24), two exhaust butt joint pipes (26) are symmetrically connected to the lateral sides of the negative pressure exhaust pipe (25), the exhaust butt joint pipes (26) are connected to the first negative pressure collection pipe (15) at the corresponding position via flanges, and the negative pressure exhaust pipes (25) are connected to each other via flanges, and the negative pressure exhaust duct is composed of a plurality of negative pressure exhaust pipes (25) and the exhaust butt joint pipes (26).

7. The tunnel air pollution prevention control system based on tail gas collection and monitoring means according to claim 6 is characterized in that: The return air duct is composed of a first return air duct (27), a second return air duct (28), an exhaust air duct (29) and a plurality of third return air ducts (30). The first return air duct (27) is used to be connected to the air outlet of the detection and processing equipment. The second return air duct (28) is connected to the corresponding two third return air ducts (30) through a flange. The adjacent two third return air ducts (30) are connected through a flange. A sealing member (31) for sealing the end of the corresponding negative pressure exhaust pipe (25) is fixedly installed on the second return air duct (28).

8. The tunnel air pollution prevention control system based on tail gas collection and monitoring means according to claim 7 is characterized in that: The flow control mechanism (4) further comprises a flow control assembly (32); wherein the flow control assembly (32) comprises a third mounting seat (33) mounted on the side wall of the tunnel, a flow control box (34) being fixedly mounted on the third mounting seat (33), an air duct (35) extending into the inner cavity of the flow control box (34) being mounted on the top of the flow control box (34), a fixed sleeve (36) being arranged on the top of the air duct (35), the fixed sleeve (36) being mounted on the third return air duct (30), an air guide hole being arranged on the third return air duct (30) and being connected to the air duct (35), and a solenoid valve (37) being mounted on the air duct (35).

9. The tunnel air pollution prevention control system based on tail gas collection and monitoring means according to claim 8 is characterized in that: A partition plate (38) sleeved on the air guide pipe (35) is slidably provided inside the flow direction control box (34), an elastic element (39) connected to the partition plate (38) is provided on the top of the flow direction control box (34), a flow-gathering magnetic plate (40) is slidably provided inside the flow direction control box (34), an electromagnet that magnetically repels the flow-gathering magnetic plate (40) is installed on the bottom of the flow direction control box (34), and a transmission tooth plate (41) is fixed between the flow-gathering magnetic plate (40) and the partition plate (38); A limiting ring (42) located above the flow-gathering magnetic plate (40) is fixed inside the flow control box (34), an internal threaded tube (43) is rotatably provided inside the flow control box (34) and passes through both sides thereof, a transmission gear (44) meshing with a transmission tooth plate (41) is installed on the circumferential side of the internal threaded tube (43), a first sealed tube (45) communicating with the inner cavity of the flow control box (34) is fixed on one side, and a second sealed tube (46) communicating with the inner cavity of the flow control box (34) is fixed on the other side, and the first sealed tube (45) and the second sealed tube (46) are coaxially arranged.

10. A tunnel air pollution prevention control system based on tail gas collection and monitoring means according to claim 9, characterized in that: The air duct docking assembly (5) comprises an air duct docking tube (47) that is slidably fitted between a first sealed tube (45) and a second sealed tube (46); a first flow opening (48) and a second flow opening (49) are respectively provided on the peripheral side of the air duct docking tube (47); a first docking joint (50) is installed at the end of the air duct docking tube (47) near the first flow opening (48); a second docking joint (51) is installed at the end of the air duct docking tube (47) near the second flow opening (49); a vertical support plate (52) is fixed to the peripheral side of the air duct docking tube (47); and a horizontal screw (53) that is threadably fitted with the internal threaded tube (43) is fixed on the vertical support plate (52).

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