Sampling device and method for road soil detection

Abstract

The invention discloses a sampling device and method for road soil detection, and relates to the field of soil sampling, the sampling device comprises a moving frame, a lifting plate arranged on the moving frame in a lifting manner, a sampling barrel rotationally arranged on the lifting plate and rotating teeth arranged at the bottom of the sampling barrel, and the moving frame is rotationally connected with a screw rod in the vertical direction; the lifting plate is in threaded connection with the lead screw, a guide rod is further arranged on the movable frame in the vertical direction, the movable frame and the guide rod are connected in an inserted mode and matched in a sliding mode, a sampling opening is formed in the outer wall of the sampling barrel, and a sealing plate is detachably connected to the position, located at the sampling opening, of the sampling barrel. According to the sampling device, the workload of workers in the sampling process is greatly reduced, and the sampling device is suitable for multi-point sampling.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of soil sampling, and in particular to a sampling device and method for road soil detection. Background Art

[0002] Road soil testing is basically the same as water quality and air testing. By adopting appropriate measurement methods to measure various physical and chemical properties of the soil, such as iron, manganese, total potassium, organic matter, total nitrogen, available phosphorus, total phosphorus, moisture, total arsenic, available boron, fluoride, chloride, mineral oil and total salt content, the current status of soil quality can be detected.

[0003] During road inspection, it is necessary to sample the road soil. Sampling usually uses a sampling device. The existing sampling device includes a sampling cylinder. The staff holds the sampling device and the sampling cylinder rotates. The drill below the sampling cylinder gradually penetrates into the soil, and the soil enters the sampling cylinder, thereby realizing the collection and sampling of the soil.

[0004] Because soil sampling requires multiple points in practice, workers must repeatedly hold the sampling device. During this operation, the motor drives the sampling cylinder to rotate. When it comes into contact with the soil, it generates vibrations that are transmitted to the worker's hands. During the sampling process, the worker needs to apply downward pressure to the sampling device to ensure that the sampling cylinder enters the soil smoothly. This means that the workload of the worker is very heavy during the operation, especially when sampling at multiple points. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In order to reduce the workload of workers during the sampling process, the present application provides a sampling device and method for road soil testing.

[0006] The present application provides a road soil sampling device and method using the following technical solutions: A sampling device for road soil testing includes a movable frame, a lifting plate lifted and lowered on the movable frame, a sampling tube rotatably arranged on the lifting plate, and rotating teeth arranged at the bottom of the sampling tube. The movable frame is connected to a screw rod rotatably in a vertical direction, the lifting plate is threadedly connected to the screw rod, and the movable frame is also provided with a guide rod in a vertical direction. The movable frame is plugged into and slidably matched with the guide rod. A sampling port is opened on the outer wall of the sampling tube, and the sampling tube is detachably connected to a sealing plate at the sampling port.

[0007] By adopting the above technical solution, after the mobile frame is moved to the sampling position, the rotation of the sampling barrel is started, and then the screw rotates, the lifting plate gradually descends, and the sampling barrel rotates. Under the action of the rotating teeth, it rotates into the soil more smoothly. When the sampling is completed, the lifting plate rises, driving the sampling barrel out of the soil, and the sealing plate is opened to take the soil out of the sampling barrel. In the sampling device of the present application, the sampling barrel is automatically raised and lowered, and no manual operation is required, which greatly reduces the workload of the staff, and the overall movement is facilitated by the mobile frame.

[0008] Preferably, a driving motor is provided on the lifting plate, a connecting shaft is coaxially fixed on the output shaft of the driving motor, a limiting block is telescopically provided at the end of the connecting shaft, the upper end of the sampling cylinder is fixedly connected to a mounting block, an adapter groove is provided on the mounting block, which is plugged in and slidably matched with the connecting shaft, a limiting groove is provided on the inner wall of the adapter groove, and the limit block is plugged in and matched with the limit groove.

[0009] By adopting the above technical solution, when the sampling cylinder and the driving motor are coaxially connected, the sampling cylinder is plugged into the connecting shaft. At this time, the limit block will shrink, and then the connecting shaft enters the adapter groove. When the limit block moves to the limit groove, the limit block extends and plugs into the limit groove. Through the cooperation of the limit block and the limit groove, the coaxial rotation of the connecting shaft and the sampling cylinder is realized, that is, when the driving motor is running, the sampling cylinder rotates synchronously.

[0010] Preferably, a sliding groove is provided on the connecting shaft, and the limit block slides in the sliding groove. The connecting shaft is located in the sliding groove and is provided with a compression spring, one end of the compression spring is connected to the inner wall of the sliding groove, and the other end of the compression spring is connected to the limit block; a first wedge-shaped surface is formed on the limit block, and when the first wedge surface abuts against the notch of the matching groove, the limit block slides into the sliding groove; a second wedge-shaped surface is provided on the side of the limit block, and a third wedge-shaped surface adapted to the second wedge surface is formed on one side of the limit groove.

[0011] By adopting the above technical solution, when the connecting shaft is plugged into the mounting block of the sampling cylinder, when the first wedge surface of the limit block contacts the notch of the adapter groove, under the action of the first wedge surface, the limit block slides into the sliding groove to avoid the plugging of the connecting shaft and the adapter groove. When the connecting shaft moves to the specified position, the sampling cylinder is rotated. When the limit groove moves to the limit block, the compression spring acts and the limit block is plugged into the limit groove, forming a coaxial rotation fit; when the sampling cylinder needs to be disassembled, the sampling cylinder is rotated, the second wedge surface of the limit block cooperates with the third wedge surface of the limit groove, the limit block gradually enters the sliding groove, and then the sampling cylinder can be slid outward to disengage the sampling cylinder from the connecting shaft; in this way, it is convenient to disassemble and replace the sampling cylinder.

[0012] Preferably, the mounting block is provided with a buffer spring at the bottom of the adapter groove, the upper end of the buffer spring is fixedly connected to an abutment plate, the mounting block is provided with a sliding groove on the inner wall of the adapter groove, and the side of the abutment plate is provided with a slider that slides with the sliding groove. When the sampling tube and the connecting shaft are plugged in, the lower end of the connecting shaft abuts against the abutment plate; the height of the limit groove is greater than the limit block.

[0013] By adopting the above technical solution, after the sampling tube contacts the soil surface, the lifting plate continues to descend. At this time, the connecting shaft abuts the abutment plate, and the buffer spring is compressed. Then the connecting shaft will drive the sampling tube to descend synchronously. In the process of the sampling tube rotating into the soil, if there are hard objects such as stones in the soil, if the sampling tube continues to penetrate deeper, it will cause damage to the rotating teeth. At this time, when there is a hard object blocking it, the lifting plate continues to descend, and the compression spring will be further compressed to play a buffering role, preventing the sampling tube from continuing to penetrate deeper, causing greater wear on the rotating teeth.

[0014] Preferably, a reduced diameter portion is formed on the lower side of the sampling cylinder, and a connecting hole is opened in the middle of the reduced diameter portion. The soil enters the connecting hole from the lower side of the sampling cylinder and then enters the sampling cylinder. A baffle is slidably provided at the reduced diameter portion, and the baffle is used to block the connecting hole.

[0015] By adopting the above technical solution, after the sampling operation is completed, the lifting plate rises, and the baffle slides and blocks the connecting hole, which can prevent the soil from falling downward during the rising process of the sampling tube and affecting the sampling effect.

[0016] Preferably, an accommodating groove is provided in the inner wall of the sampling cylinder in the vertical direction, and the sampling cylinder is provided with a linkage rod for sliding in the accommodating groove, the lower end of the linkage rod is hinged with a first hinge column, and the baffle is hinged with a second hinge column on the side close to the linkage rod, and the first hinge column and the second hinge column are connected by an abutment spring; the reduced diameter part is provided with a sliding groove, and the baffle slides in cooperation with the sliding groove, and the side wall of the reduced diameter part located in the sliding groove is also provided with a moving groove, and the side edge of the baffle is provided with a moving block that slides in cooperation with the moving groove, and the reduced diameter part is provided with a first return spring in the moving groove, one end of the first return spring is connected to the moving block, and the other end of the first return spring is connected to the inner wall of the moving groove.

[0017] By adopting the above technical solution, after the sampling operation is completed, the lifting plate rises and the linkage rod rises at the same time. During the rising process of the linkage rod, the end of the abutment spring is driven to move upward. During the change of the abutment spring to the horizontal state, the thrust of the abutment spring on the baffle gradually increases. When the abutment spring is in the horizontal state, the thrust is the largest, and the baffle is pushed to block the connecting hole; when the lifting plate is lowered for sampling, the linkage rod is in the lowered state, and the first return spring opens the baffle without affecting the collection and sampling of soil; when the linkage rod is in the lowered state, the abutment spring is in an inclined state and in a compressed state. When the linkage rod rises, the abutment spring gradually becomes horizontal. This process During the process, the thrust of the abutment spring on the baffle gradually becomes greater than the force of the first return spring, thereby realizing the sliding of the baffle, and due to the extension of the abutment spring, the baffle can be driven to move a larger distance, that is, a larger displacement of the baffle is achieved when the linkage rod moves a smaller distance, thereby ensuring the blocking of the connecting hole; if the traditional wedge surface driving method is adopted, the moving distance of the baffle is limited, and the blocking of the connecting hole is achieved when the baffle moves a smaller distance, which means that the diameter of the connecting hole is smaller, affecting the sampling of soil samples. Therefore, the abutment spring is used in this application to achieve a larger displacement of the baffle, which can ensure that the connecting hole has a certain diameter, so that the soil can smoothly enter the sampling tube.

[0018] Preferably, the mounting block is provided with a movable groove at the top wall of the limit groove, the mounting block is slidably connected with a linkage block in the movable groove, the mounting block is provided with a second return spring in the movable groove, one end of the second return spring is connected to the inner wall of the movable groove, the other end of the second return spring is connected to the linkage block, and the linkage block is fixedly connected to the upper end of the linkage rod.

[0019] By adopting the above technical solution, when the sampling tube contacts the soil, the lifting plate continues to descend, the connecting shaft will move downward relative to the sampling tube, and compress the buffer spring. At this time, the second return spring is in a relaxed state, and the limit block will not generate pressure on the linkage block; when the sampling is completed, the lifting plate rises, and the connecting shaft will rise first relative to the sampling sleeve. At this time, the limit block will generate pressure on the linkage block, causing the linkage block to rise. Because the linkage block is fixedly connected to the linkage rod, the linkage rod rises synchronously, thereby causing the baffle to block the connecting hole to prevent soil from falling.

[0020] Preferably, the opening of the sampling port is formed with a first step portion, and the peripheral side of the sealing plate is formed with a second step portion adapted to the first step portion; the mounting block is provided with a plug-in groove, and the mounting block is located on the top wall of the plug-in groove and is telescopically provided with a wedge block, and the inner wall of the sealing plate is provided with a plug-in block, and the plug-in block is plugged into and matched with the plug-in groove, and the plug-in block is provided with a locking groove plugged into and matched with the wedge block.

[0021] By adopting the above technical solution, when the sealing plate and the sampling port are matched, the first step portion and the second step portion are fitted together to ensure the sealing of the fitting point. When the sealing plate and the sampling port are matched, the plug-in block is plugged into the plug-in groove, and the plug-in block will cause the wedge block to contract. When the wedge block moves to the locking groove, it extends out and is plugged into the locking groove, thereby achieving fixation of the sealing plate.

[0022] Preferably, a hand rod is slidably connected to the mounting block, the lower end of the hand rod is fixedly connected to the wedge block, a tension spring is provided on the upper side of the mounting block, and the upper end of the tension spring is connected to the upper end of the hand rod.

[0023] By adopting the above technical solution, after the sealing plate and the sampling tube are installed, the wedge block is plugged into the locking groove. When the sealing plate needs to be removed to take out the soil, the staff pulls the hand lever upwards, the sealing plate and the sampling tube are unlocked, and the sealing plate can be easily removed.

[0024] A sampling method for road soil testing, using the above-mentioned sampling device, comprises the following steps: S1: Move the device to the sampling position through the mobile rack; S2: Install the sampling tube; S3: Start the device, the lifting plate drives the sampling tube down, and the sampling tube rotates synchronously to take samples; S4: After sampling is completed, the sampling tube rises and leaves the ground; S5: Remove the sealing plate and take out the soil from the sampling port.

[0025] In summary, this application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects: 1. The lifting plate is driven by a screw rod to realize the automatic lifting of the sampling tube. Manual operation is not required, which greatly reduces the workload of the staff. The mobile frame is convenient for overall movement. 2. When the connecting shaft is plugged into the mounting block of the sampling tube, the first wedge surface allows the connecting shaft to smoothly enter the adaptor groove. When disassembling the two, by rotating the sampling tube, the second and third wedge surfaces cooperate to retract the limit block into the sliding groove, facilitating disassembly. That is, the sampling tube and the connecting shaft in this application can be quickly disassembled and assembled, improving the convenience of use of the device. 3. The connecting hole is blocked by the baffle, which can prevent the soil from falling off when the sampling tube rises. When rising, the limit block will abut the linkage block, causing the linkage block to rise, and the linkage block will synchronously drive the linkage rod to rise. During the rising process of the linkage rod, the end of the abutment spring is driven to move upward. During the change of the abutment spring from an inclined state to a horizontal state, the thrust of the abutment spring on the baffle gradually increases. When the abutment spring is in a horizontal state, the thrust is the largest, and the baffle is pushed to block the connecting hole. In this process, through the action of the abutment spring, a larger displacement of the baffle can be achieved when the linkage rod moves a smaller distance, thereby ensuring the blocking of the connecting hole. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the sampling device embodiment 1 of the present application; Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of the mounting block in Example 1 of the sampling device of this application, which mainly reflects the structure of the limiting block; Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of the mounting block and the connecting shaft in a top view of the sampling device embodiment 1 of the present application, mainly showing the structures of the second wedge surface and the third wedge surface; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the explosion structure of the sampling device embodiment 1 of the present application, which mainly reflects the structure of the sealing plate and the sampling port; Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional view of the mounting block of the first embodiment of the sampling device of the present application from another perspective, mainly showing the structure of the wedge block and the hand lever; Figure 6 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the second embodiment of the sampling device of the present application, which mainly shows the structure of the reduced diameter portion and the communicating hole; Figure 7 This is a cross-sectional view of the reduced diameter portion in Example 2 of the sampling device of the present application, mainly showing the cooperation between the moving block and the moving groove; Figure 8 for Figure 6 The enlarged partial view of A in the middle mainly shows the structure of the linkage block.

[0027] Figure numerals: 1, moving frame; 11, universal brake wheel; 12, screw rod; 13, guide rod; 2, lifting plate; 21, driving motor; 3, sampling cylinder; 31, sampling port; 32, first step portion; 4, rotating gear; 5, sealing plate; 51, second step portion; 52, plug-in block; 521, locking groove; 6, connecting shaft; 61, limiting block; 611, first wedge surface; 612, second wedge surface; 62, sliding groove; 63, compression spring; 7, mounting block; 71, adapting groove; 72, limiting groove; 721, third wedge surface; 7 3. Buffer spring; 74. Abutment plate; 741. Slider; 75. Slide groove; 76. Insertion groove; 77. Wedge block; 78. Hand pull rod; 79. Tension spring; 8. Reduced diameter portion; 81. Connecting hole; 82. Sliding groove; 83. Moving groove; 84. Avoidance opening; 9. Baffle; 91. Second hinge column; 92. Moving block; 10. Accommodating groove; 20. Linkage rod; 201. First hinge column; 30. Abutment spring; 40. First return spring; 50. Movable groove; 501. Second return spring; 60. Linkage block; 70. Connecting groove. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] The following is combined with Figure 1 -Attached Figure 8 This application is described in further detail.

[0029] The embodiment of the present application discloses a sampling device for road soil detection.

[0030] Example 1 Reference Figure 1 The sampling device for road soil detection includes a mobile frame 1, a lifting plate 2, a sampling barrel 3 and a rotating tooth 4. A universal brake wheel 11 is installed at the bottom of the mobile frame 1 for easy movement; a screw rod 12 is connected to the mobile frame 1 for rotation in the vertical direction, and the lifting plate 2 is threadedly connected to the screw rod 12. A guide rod 13 is also installed on the mobile frame 1 in the vertical direction, and the lifting plate 2 is plugged into and slidably matched with the guide rod 13. The screw rod 12 is driven by a motor, and the screw rod 12 rotates to realize the lifting and lowering action of the lifting plate 2; the sampling barrel 3 rotates with the lifting plate 2, and a driving motor 21 is installed on the lifting plate 2, and the driving motor 21 drives the sampling barrel 3 to rotate; the surface of the sampling barrel 3 is detachably connected to a sealing plate 5, and the soil in the sampling barrel 3 can be taken out by removing the sealing plate 5, and the rotating tooth 4 is integrally formed at the lower end of the sampling barrel 3.

[0031] This sampling device adopts an automated operation mode: when the mobile frame 1 is positioned at the sampling point, the sampling tube 3 is rotated and the screw 12 is driven synchronously, so that the lifting plate 2 drives the sampling tube 3 to press down at a uniform speed. The external rotating teeth 4 of the sampling tube 3 are gradually cut in during the rotation process, ensuring that the soil sampling process is smooth and stable. After the sampling is completed, the sampling tube 3 rises until it is separated from the soil. The operator only needs to open the sealing plate 5 to obtain a complete soil sample. This design realizes full mechanized operation through the mechatronic structure, completely avoiding the traditional manual sampling method. It not only significantly reduces labor intensity, but its movable bracket is more convenient for rapid transfer between different sampling points, greatly improving the efficiency of field sampling.

[0032] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 The driving motor 21 is arranged vertically downward, and the connecting shaft 6 is coaxially fixedly connected to the output shaft of the driving motor 21. A limit block 61 is telescopically provided at the end of the connecting shaft 6. A mounting block 7 is welded and fixed to the upper end of the sampling tube 3. An adapting groove 71 is provided on the mounting block 7. The connecting shaft 6 is plugged into and slidably fit in the adapting groove 71. A limit groove 72 is provided on the inner wall of the adapting groove 71 of the mounting block 7. The limit block 61 is plugged into and fits in the limit groove 72.

[0033] When the sampling tube 3 is plugged into and assembled with the connecting shaft 6 of the driving motor 21, the built-in limit block 61 first retracts to avoid it. After the connecting shaft 6 completely enters the adapter groove 71, the limit block 61 extends out and plugs into the limit groove 72 on the connecting shaft 6, thereby realizing the coaxial rotation of the sampling tube 3 and the connecting shaft 6.

[0034] Reference Figure 2 and Figure 3 The connecting shaft 6 is provided with a sliding groove 62, which is provided with two and symmetrically arranged. The limiting block 61 is also provided with two and the limiting block 61 slides with the corresponding sliding groove 62. The connecting shaft 6 is provided with a compression spring 63 in the sliding groove 62. One end of the compression spring 63 is connected to the inner wall of the sliding groove 62, and the other end is connected to the limiting block 61. A first wedge surface 611 is formed on the limiting block 61. When the connecting shaft 6 and the sampling tube 3 are plugged in, the first wedge surface 6 11 contacts the notch of the adapting groove 71, and the limit block 61 slides into the sliding groove 62; a second wedge surface 612 is formed on the side of the limit block 61, and a third wedge surface 721 adapted to the second wedge surface 612 is formed on one side of the limit groove 72. When the sampling tube 3 is rotated, the second wedge surface 612 of the limit block 61 cooperates with the third wedge surface 721, so that the limit block 61 can slide into the sliding groove 62, thereby smoothly allowing the sampling tube 3 to be disengaged from the connecting shaft 6.

[0035] When the connecting shaft 6 is inserted into the mounting block 7, the first wedge surface 611 of the stop block 61 contacts the notch of the adapter groove 71, generating a radial force component that forces the stop block 61 back into the sliding groove 62, ensuring smooth insertion of the connecting shaft 6. After the connecting shaft 6 reaches the working position, the sampling cylinder 3 is rotated to align the stop block 61 with the stop groove 72, and the compression spring 63 immediately pushes the stop block 61 into the stop groove 72. To disassemble, the sampling cylinder 3 is rotated in the opposite direction, and the interaction between the second and third wedge surfaces 721 generates radial displacement, causing the stop block 61 to automatically exit the locked position, achieving quick, tool-free separation.

[0036] The mounting block 7 is provided with a buffer spring 73 at the bottom of the adapting groove 71, and the upper end of the buffer spring 73 is fixedly connected to an abutment plate 74. The mounting block 7 is provided with a sliding groove 75 on the inner wall of the adapting groove 71, and a slider 741 is provided on the side of the abutment plate 74 for sliding cooperation with the sliding groove 75. After the sampling tube 3 and the connecting shaft 6 are installed and connected, the lower end of the connecting shaft 6 abuts against the abutment plate 74; and the height of the limit groove 72 is greater than the limit block 61, that is, the limit block 61 can slide in the limit groove 72 along the vertical direction.

[0037] When the sampling tube 3 contacts the ground, the lifting plate 2 continues to press downward. At this time, the connecting shaft 6 first contacts the abutment plate 74 and compresses the buffer spring 73, forming an initial preload. Under normal sampling conditions, this preload ensures that the sampling tube 3 has sufficient driving force to penetrate the ground. When encountering hard obstacles such as rocks, the buffer spring 73 elastically deforms to absorb the downward pressure, causing the sampling tube 3 to automatically stop feeding. The spring compression can reach 15-20mm, effectively eliminating more than 90% of the impact load and protecting the structural integrity of the rotating teeth 4. In addition, a pressure scale mark can be engraved on the upper end of the connecting shaft 6 to provide real-time feedback on the sampling status, reducing the equipment failure rate.

[0038] Reference Figure 1 、 Figure 4 and Figure 5 A sampling port 31 is provided on the sampling tube 3, and the sealing plate 5 is used to close the sampling port 31. A first step portion 32 is formed at the opening of the sampling port 31, and a second step portion 51 adapted to the first step portion 32 is formed on the peripheral side of the sealing plate 5. A plug-in groove 76 is provided on the mounting block 7, and a wedge-shaped block 77 is telescopically provided on the top wall of the mounting block 7 located in the plug-in groove 76. The inner wall of the sealing plate 5 is integrally formed with a plug-in block 52, which is plugged into the plug-in groove 76, and a locking groove 521 is provided on the plug-in block 52 for plugging into the wedge-shaped block 77.

[0039] A connecting groove 70 connected to the plug-in groove 76 is provided on the mounting block 7 in the vertical direction. The mounting block 7 is slidably connected to a hand rod 78 in the connecting groove 70. The upper end of the hand rod 78 protrudes from the surface of the mounting block 7. The lower end of the hand rod 78 is fixedly connected to the wedge block 77. A tension spring 79 is provided on the upper side of the mounting block 7. The tension spring 79 is vertically arranged. One end of the tension spring 79 is connected to the mounting block 7, and the other end is connected to the upper end of the hand rod 78.

[0040] When the sealing plate 5 is closed to the sampling port 31, the first and second stepped surfaces precisely fit together to form a double sealing interface, ensuring the sealing of the joint surface. At the same time, the plug-in block 52 on the sealing plate 5 is inserted into the plug-in slot 76 of the sampling tube 3, pushing the wedge-shaped locking block to radially contract; when aligned to the locking slot 521, the wedge-shaped block 77 automatically springs into the locking slot 521 under the action of the tension spring 79, completing the mechanical interlocking. During disassembly, the inclined disengagement mechanism of the wedge-shaped block 77 is triggered by pulling the handle 78, causing the locking block to instantly retract and release the lock, allowing the sealing plate 5 to be quickly removed.

[0041] The implementation principle of a sampling device for road soil detection in an embodiment of the present application is as follows: the mobile frame 1 is moved to the sampling point, the sampling tube 3 is installed, the lifting plate 2 is lowered, and the sampling tube 3 rotates synchronously, and is gradually inserted into the soil by the rotation of the rotating teeth 4. After the sampling is completed, the sealing plate 5 is removed and the soil sample can be taken out from the sampling port 31; in the present application, there is no need for manual pressure to achieve the insertion of the sampling tube 3 into the soil, which greatly reduces the workload of the staff and facilitates multi-point sampling operations.

[0042] Example 2 Reference Figure 6 This embodiment differs from the first embodiment in that a reduced diameter portion 8 is formed on the lower side of the sampling tube 3. The diameter of the reduced diameter portion 8 gradually decreases from bottom to top. A connecting hole 81 is formed in the middle of the reduced diameter portion 8. The soil sample enters the connecting hole 81 from the lower side of the sampling tube 3 and then enters the sampling tube 3. Baffles 9 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the reduced diameter portion 8 and slide toward each other to block the connecting hole 81. After sampling, this prevents the soil sample from falling through the connecting hole 81 when the sampling tube 3 is raised.

[0043] Reference Figure 6 and Figure 7The inner wall of the sampling tube 3 is provided with a accommodating groove 10 in the vertical direction, and the sampling tube 3 is located in the accommodating groove 10 and is slidably provided with a linkage rod 20. The lower end of the linkage rod 20 is hinged with a first hinge column 201, and the baffle 9 is hinged with a second hinge column 91 on the side close to the linkage rod 20. The first hinge column 201 and the second hinge column 91 are connected by abutment spring 30; a sliding groove 82 is provided in the reduced diameter part 8, and the baffle 9 slides with the sliding groove 82. A moving groove 83 is provided on the side wall of the reduced diameter part 8 located in the sliding groove 82, and a moving block 92 that slides with the moving groove 83 is provided on the side of the baffle 9. The reduced diameter part 8 is located in the moving groove 83 and is provided with a first return spring 40. One end of the first return spring 40 is connected to the moving block 92, and the other end is connected to the inner wall of the moving groove 83. A side of the reduced diameter portion 8 close to the accommodating groove 10 is further provided with an escape opening 84 for avoiding shape change of the abutting spring 30 . The escape opening 84 is communicated with the sliding groove 82 and is located at the lower side of the sliding groove 82 .

[0044] When the lifting plate 2 is lifted, the linkage rod 20 moves upward synchronously, driving the abutment spring 30 to gradually change from the initial compressed state to the horizontal position. During this deformation process, the mechanical advantage generated by the spring causes the thrust to gradually increase. When the spring reaches the horizontal position, the maximum thrust torque is formed, which can overcome the resistance of the first return spring 40, push the baffle 9 to move and block the connecting hole 81. This motion amplification mechanism realizes small stroke input and large displacement output. Through the geometric nonlinear deformation characteristics of the spring, the contradiction between the large diameter requirement and the small installation space is perfectly resolved. While maintaining the compactness of the equipment, the unity of sampling efficiency and sealing reliability is achieved.

[0045] Reference Figure 6 and Figure 8 The mounting block 7 is located in the top wall of the limiting groove 72 and is provided with a movable groove 50. The mounting block 7 is located in the movable groove 50 and is slidably connected to the linkage block 60. The mounting block 7 is located in the movable groove 50 and is provided with a second return spring 501. One end of the second return spring 501 is connected to the inner wall of the movable groove 50, and the other end of the second return spring 501 is connected to the linkage block 60. The linkage block 60 is fixedly connected to the upper end of the linkage rod 20.

[0046] After the sampling tube 3 contacts the soil, the lifting plate 2 continues to descend, and the connecting shaft 6 will move downward relative to the sampling tube 3 and compress the buffer spring 73. At this time, the second return spring 501 is in a relaxed state, and the limit block 61 will not generate pressure on the linkage block 60; when the sampling is completed, the lifting plate 2 rises, and the connecting shaft 6 will rise first relative to the sampling sleeve. At this time, the limit block 61 will generate pressure on the linkage block 60, causing the linkage block 60 to rise. Because the linkage block 60 is fixedly connected to the linkage rod 20, the linkage rod 20 rises synchronously, thereby causing the baffle 9 to block the connecting hole 81 to prevent soil from falling.

[0047] The present application discloses a sampling method for road soil detection, which uses the sampling device in any of the above embodiments and includes the following steps: S1: Move the device to the sampling position through the mobile rack 1; S2: Install the sampling tube 3; S3: Start the device, the lifting plate 2 drives the sampling tube 3 to descend, and the sampling tube 3 rotates synchronously to perform sampling; S4: After the sampling is completed, the sampling tube 3 rises and leaves the ground; S5: Remove the sealing plate 5 and take out the soil from the sampling port 31.

[0048] When multi-point sampling is performed, after step S5, the movable rack 1 is moved to another sampling position and steps S2 to S5 are repeated.

[0049] The above are all preferred embodiments of the present application, and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present application. Therefore, any equivalent changes made based on the structure, shape, and principle of the present application should be included in the scope of protection of the present application.

Claims

1. A sampling device for road soil detection, characterized by: The invention comprises a movable frame (1), a lifting plate (2) arranged on the movable frame (1) for lifting, a sampling tube (3) arranged on the lifting plate (2) for rotation, and a rotating tooth (4) arranged at the bottom of the sampling tube (3); the movable frame (1) is connected to a screw rod (12) for rotation in a vertical direction; the lifting plate (2) is threadedly connected to the screw rod (12); the movable frame (1) is also provided with a guide rod (13) in a vertical direction; the movable frame (1) and the guide rod (13) are plugged and slidably matched; a sampling port (31) is provided on the outer wall of the sampling tube (3); and the sampling tube (3) is detachably connected to a sealing plate (5) at the sampling port (31).

2. A road soil sampling device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lifting plate (2) is provided with a driving motor (21), a connecting shaft (6) is coaxially fixed on the output shaft of the driving motor (21), a limiting block (61) is provided at the end of the connecting shaft (6) for telescopic extension, a mounting block (7) is fixedly connected to the upper end of the sampling tube (3), an adapting groove (71) is provided on the mounting block (7) for plugging and slidingly engaging with the connecting shaft (6), a limiting groove (72) is provided on the inner wall of the adapting groove (71) of the mounting block (7), and the limiting block (61) is plugged and engaged with the limiting groove (72).

3. A road soil sampling device according to claim 2, characterized in that: A sliding groove (62) is provided on the connecting shaft (6), and the limit block (61) slides in the sliding groove (62). The connecting shaft (6) is provided with a compression spring (63) in the sliding groove (62), one end of the compression spring (63) is connected to the inner wall of the sliding groove (62), and the other end of the compression spring (63) is connected to the limit block (61); a first wedge surface (611) is formed on the limit block (61), and when the first wedge surface (611) abuts against the notch of the matching groove (71), the limit block (61) slides into the sliding groove (62); a second wedge surface (612) is provided on the side surface of the limit block (61), and a third wedge surface (721) adapted to the second wedge surface (612) is formed on one side of the limit groove (72).

4. A road soil sampling device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The mounting block (7) is provided with a buffer spring (73) at the bottom of the adapting groove (71), and the upper end of the buffer spring (73) is fixedly connected to the abutment plate (74). The mounting block (7) is provided with a sliding groove (75) on the inner wall of the adapting groove (71), and the side of the abutment plate (74) is provided with a slider (741) that slides with the sliding groove (75). When the sampling tube (3) and the connecting shaft (6) are plugged in, the lower end of the connecting shaft (6) abuts against the abutment plate (74); the height of the limiting groove (72) is greater than that of the limiting block (61).

5. The road soil sampling device according to claim 4, characterized in that: A reduced diameter portion (8) is formed on the lower side of the sampling tube (3), and a connecting hole (81) is opened in the middle of the reduced diameter portion (8). Soil enters the connecting hole (81) from the lower side of the sampling tube (3) and then enters the sampling tube (3). A baffle (9) is slidably provided at the reduced diameter portion (8), and the baffle (9) is used to block the connecting hole (81).

6. A road soil sampling device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The inner wall of the sampling tube (3) is provided with a receiving groove (10) in the vertical direction. The sampling tube (3) is provided with a linkage rod (20) in the receiving groove (10) for sliding movement. The lower end of the linkage rod (20) is hinged with a first hinge column (201). The side of the baffle (9) close to the linkage rod (20) is hinged with a second hinge column (91). The first hinge column (201) and the second hinge column (91) are connected by an abutting spring (30). The reduced diameter portion (8) is provided with a sliding groove (82). The baffle (9) is slidably engaged with the sliding groove (82), the side wall of the reduced diameter portion (8) located in the sliding groove (82) is also provided with a moving groove (83), the side of the baffle (9) is provided with a moving block (92) slidably engaged with the moving groove (83), the reduced diameter portion (8) is located in the moving groove (83) and is provided with a first return spring (40), one end of the first return spring (40) is connected to the moving block (92), and the other end of the first return spring (40) is connected to the inner wall of the moving groove (83).

7. A road soil sampling device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The mounting block (7) is provided with a movable groove (50) at the top wall of the limiting groove (72), and the mounting block (7) is slidably connected to a linkage block (60) in the movable groove (50). The mounting block (7) is provided with a second return spring (501) in the movable groove (50), one end of the second return spring (501) is connected to the inner wall of the movable groove (50), and the other end of the second return spring (501) is connected to the linkage block (60), and the linkage block (60) is fixedly connected to the upper end of the linkage rod (20).

8. The road soil sampling device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The opening of the sampling port (31) is formed with a first step portion (32), and the peripheral side of the sealing plate (5) is formed with a second step portion (51) adapted to the first step portion (32); the mounting block (7) is provided with a plug-in slot (76), and the mounting block (7) is provided with a wedge-shaped block (77) on the top wall of the plug-in slot (76) so as to be telescopically connected, and the inner wall of the sealing plate (5) is provided with a plug-in block (52), and the plug-in block (52) is plugged into and matched with the plug-in slot (76), and the plug-in block (52) is provided with a locking slot (521) plugged into and matched with the wedge-shaped block (77).

9. The road soil testing sampling device according to claim 8, characterized in that: A hand pull rod (78) is slidably connected to the mounting block (7), the lower end of the hand pull rod (78) is fixedly connected to the wedge block (77), and a tension spring (79) is provided on the upper side of the mounting block (7), the upper end of the tension spring (79) is connected to the upper end of the hand pull rod (78).

10. A sampling method for road soil testing, characterized by: The sampling device according to any one of claims 1 to 9 comprises the following steps: S1: Move the device to the sampling position via the moving frame (1); S2: Install the sampling tube (3); S3: The device is started, the lifting plate (2) drives the sampling tube (3) to descend, and the sampling tube (3) rotates synchronously to perform sampling; S4: After the sampling is completed, the sampling tube (3) rises and leaves the ground; S5: Remove the sealing plate (5) and take out the soil from the sampling port (31).

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