Multi-mode practical teaching method and system for fault detection of new energy vehicle

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of new energy automobile practical training teaching, and discloses a multi-mode practical training teaching method and system for new energy automobile fault detection, and the method comprises the following steps: S1, deploying a real-time multi-mode practical training teaching system, S2, obtaining the detection data of a new energy automobile, S3, generating the fault detection practical training data of the new energy automobile, s4, interactive practical training of new energy automobile fault detection; and S5, interactive practical training management of new energy automobile fault detection. Through combination of software and hardware, on the basis of the same new energy vehicle and the same system, multi-person and multi-site synchronous practical training of any number can be realized, and the problems of limited number of new energy vehicles, limited sites and poor teaching effect in practical teaching are solved. The new energy automobile practical training system solves the problems that the practical training teaching mode is single, the number of served students is small and the like, solves the problems that practical training operation process management and score management are not comprehensive, and is suitable for practical training teaching of various new energy automobiles.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of practical training teaching of new energy vehicles, and in particular to a multi-mode practical training teaching method and system for new energy vehicle fault detection. Background Art

[0002] With the popularization and development of new energy vehicles, the demand for training professionals in related fields is growing. Traditional automotive maintenance teaching methods often rely on on-site instruction using physical vehicles and the instructor's experience. However, these methods are generally plagued by the following problems: scarce teaching resources and a limited number of physical vehicles make it difficult to meet the teaching needs of large-scale training students; during a class, only approximately 10% of students can use the training equipment, while 30% are observing and 60% are waiting, resulting in significantly low teaching efficiency and a poor training experience for students; high teaching costs, as new energy vehicles are expensive and require high maintenance, and are prone to wear and tear during teaching; low teaching efficiency, as students find it difficult to intuitively understand the internal structure of a vehicle and the mechanisms of failure, making the troubleshooting process complex and inefficient; and low teaching safety, as all students are required to directly interact with the physical vehicle, which poses certain site restrictions and safety risks.

[0003] For example, in the prior art, Chinese utility model patent document CN204204322U discloses a remote control detection system for a comprehensive training platform for a whole vehicle, providing a remote control fault diagnosis and troubleshooting teaching system for fault demonstration, explanation, maintenance, and practical training for the whole vehicle. The system includes a teaching board showing the entire vehicle's electrical circuit diagram, a set of six 50-pin aviation plugs, a modified vehicle operating device, an on-board fault box, and a fault setting panel. The entire vehicle's electrical system is connected in series with the on-board fault box circuit, and the fault setting is controlled by the fault box to control the on-off of each circuit. Although this technology can visualize the branches connected in parallel by the aviation plugs at each fault node on the teaching board, the teaching board has electrical sockets for simulated fault repair, and cultivates students' ability to correctly analyze faults and solve practical problems, this technology can only achieve training based on the training platform, and cannot provide fault detection training based on real vehicle operating data. It also cannot solve the problem of multiple people using the real vehicle for real-time data fault detection training.

[0004] There are also some shortcomings in the management of the training process and assessment management. For example, the Chinese invention patent document CN106327939A discloses a real-time online teaching, training and assessment system for automotive electronic detection technology that integrates virtual and real elements. The system is based on an automotive training device and combines embedded software and a remote control module for virtual simulation, achieving a high degree of integration of "virtual" and "real". It can allow multiple clients to simultaneously collect dynamic data from the training device in real time. The system includes: an automotive training device and a data acquisition server for real-time collection of dynamic data under the operating state of the vehicle; a control system module for fault setting, fault diagnosis and data transmission; a remote assessment system module for online teaching, training and assessment of automotive electronic detection systems; and a teaching resource library module, including multimedia teaching and maintenance manual materials. However, this existing technology can only rely on training on a training bench, and cannot conduct fault detection training based on the actual operating data of real new energy vehicles. At the same time, it also has the problem that the car model cannot be freely changed (to adapt to different controllers) during the detection training process. There are also problems such as large differences in the ideas and methods of fault detection and diagnosis on the training bench and real vehicles, large errors in the collected and tested data, and collection errors. It cannot guarantee the authenticity, whole process management and accuracy of students' fault detection training. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to address the deficiencies in the existing technology and propose a multi-mode practical training teaching method and system for new energy vehicle fault detection. Through the combination of software and hardware, based on the same new energy vehicle and the same system, any number of people in multiple venues can be trained simultaneously to solve the problems in the actual teaching of the existing technology, such as the limited number of new energy vehicles and limited venues, which make it impossible to provide one person with one vehicle, and the need for all students to be taught on-site, the single practical training teaching mode, and the small number of students served. At the same time, it is also necessary to solve the problems of authenticity and accuracy of real vehicle data collection during the training process, as well as the incomplete management and assessment management of the practical training operation process of many students and the low degree of informatization, so as to meet the various real new energy vehicle practical training teaching needs of more students, multiple modes, unlimited venues, and unlimited number of people.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: A multi-mode practical training teaching method for new energy vehicle fault detection includes the following steps: S1. Deploy a real-time multi-mode training system S1-1 first deploys a real-time multi-modal training and teaching system to simultaneously support real-time multi-modal training and teaching for any number of people in one vehicle; Deployment of a multi-mode training and teaching system, including: cloud servers, new energy vehicles, vehicle data acquisition front-end devices, fault detection training hosts, and student fault detection interactive terminals (specifically, multiple on-site student interactive terminals, multiple near-field student interactive terminals, and multiple remote student interactive terminals), which are interconnected and communicated through cables, the Internet of Things, or the Internet. The teaching modes of the real-time multi-mode training teaching system include: on-site training teaching mode in the training workshop, near-field training teaching mode in the training workshop, centralized training teaching mode in the remote classroom, and remote distributed individual training teaching mode; S1-2: Install the vehicle data acquisition front-end machine to the connector port of the external new energy vehicle controller, and electrically connect the vehicle data acquisition front-end machine to the terminal posts inside the connector port of the external vehicle controller; after the vehicle data acquisition front-end machine is operating normally, debug and configure the communication between the fault detection training host and the vehicle data acquisition front-end machine to achieve normal transmission of collected data; the vehicle data acquisition front-end machine detects the data through a detection circuit, generates detection data, and transmits the detection data to the fault detection training host; S2. Obtaining test data of new energy vehicles S2-1: Detection data acquisition After the vehicle data acquisition front-end machine generates the detection data, the fault detection training host communicates with the vehicle data acquisition front-end machine and transmits the detection data to the fault detection training host; the fault detection training host obtains the detection data from the vehicle data acquisition front-end machine and stores it; S2-2: Detection data verification Verify the acquired detection data with the original data stored in the fault detection training host, where the original data is the detection data when the external vehicle controller is working normally; if there is an abnormality in the preliminary detection data, mark the abnormal part of the data as abnormal data, confirm and store the abnormal data; S3. Generation of training data for new energy vehicle fault detection S3-1 New Energy Vehicle Fault Settings The fault setting box is electrically connected to the PLC controller, and has multiple circuits built into it, each of which matches the terminal of the connector port of the external vehicle controller; each of the circuits is connected in series with a programmable switch, which controls the on and off of the circuit; each programmable switch is electrically connected to the PLC controller, and the PLC controller can control the state of each programmable switch according to the setting, thereby setting the on and off of multiple circuits; S3-2. Generation of Detection Status Training Data The PLC controller obtains the abnormal data in step S3 and combines it with the on / off status set in step S4 to generate and store detection status data; S4. Interactive training on new energy vehicle fault detection S4-1, Synchronous detection status data and remote interaction module The fault detection training host synchronizes the detection status data to the trainee interactive terminals at each end, and synchronizes the terminal indication diagram of the corresponding external vehicle controller connector port to the remote interaction module; the terminal trainees perform data detection on the terminal terminals of the trainee interactive terminals at each end according to the instructions on the remote interaction module interface; S4-2. Upload the test results of trainees Terminal trainees conduct fault detection and judgment training according to the instructions on the remote interactive module interface, and submit their self-judgment detection result data to the fault detection training host through the trainee interactive terminal at each end, or directly submit it to the cloud server through the network, and then wait for the fault detection training host or cloud server to judge and provide feedback on the trainee's detection training operation results; S5. Interactive training management of new energy vehicle fault detection S5-1 Training Operation Process Feedback The fault detection training host or cloud server will judge and feedback the detection results, and upload the result data of whether the training operation corresponding to each student terminal is correct to the cloud server; S5-2 Training Results Management The cloud server has a built-in program that maps the practical training operation process corresponding to each student's terminal to the student's account, and distributes it to each student through the fault detection training host and the student interactive terminals at each end, prompting them to correct incorrect operations. Finally, the cloud server's built-in program summarizes and records the practical training operation process of each student and gives corresponding grades.

[0007] A new energy vehicle real vehicle signal acquisition fault detection system, which is used to implement the multi-mode practical training teaching method for new energy vehicle fault detection, and includes the following working in conjunction with each other: Cloud servers, new energy vehicles, cloud servers, new energy vehicles, vehicle data acquisition front-end machines, fault detection training hosts, multiple on-site trainee interactive terminals, multiple near-field trainee interactive terminals, and multiple remote trainee interactive terminals; Among them, the structures of the on-site trainee interactive terminal, the near-field trainee interactive terminal, and the remote trainee interactive terminal are all the same, and all include: a remote interaction module and a fault detection sub-control module; New energy vehicles, vehicle data acquisition front-ends, fault detection training hosts, and multiple on-site trainee interactive terminals are deployed at the training workshop site; multiple on-site trainee interactive terminals use WIFI or Bluetooth to communicate with the fault detection training host; the fault detection training host includes: PLC controller, WIFI module, Bluetooth module, RF transceiver module, and teaching interaction module.

[0008] The radio frequency transceiver module is capable of receiving and transmitting radio frequency signals of multiple specified frequency bands; The PLC controller includes a network adapter; the network controller is connected to a wired or wireless network; The fault detection training host also includes: a car controller connection line; one end of the car controller connection line is connected to the connector port of the car data acquisition front-end machine, and the other end is connected to the input interface of the fault detection training host; the fault detection training host communicates with the car data acquisition front-end machine through the car controller connection line to achieve detection data acquisition and verification; and controls the fault setting box to perform fault setting. The fault detection training host synchronizes the detection data to the interactive terminals of the trainees at each end through radio frequency signals; Multiple near-field training student interactive terminals are deployed near the training workshop and use RF communication to communicate with the fault detection training host; The cloud server and multiple interactive terminals for remote training students are all remotely deployed. The cloud server communicates with the fault detection training host through the network, and multiple interactive terminals for remote training students communicate with the cloud server through the network. The cloud server has a built-in new energy vehicle fault detection training and teaching control program; The teaching modes of the real-time multi-mode training teaching system include: on-site training teaching mode in the training workshop, near-field training teaching mode in the training workshop, centralized training teaching mode in the remote classroom, and remote distributed individual training teaching mode; Before the on-site training student interactive terminal, the near-field training student interactive terminal, and the remote training student interactive terminal are tested, the remote interaction module will receive multimedia testing instructions sent by each training teaching mode, and the multimedia testing instructions include: one or more of interactive content interface, video, audio, picture, and text; The automobile controller connection line includes multiple wiring harnesses; the fault setting box includes multiple wiring terminals and multiple program-controlled switches matching the wiring terminals, each of the program-controlled switches is electrically connected to the PLC controller; the PLC controller can be set to at least one fault point; The fault detection training host has a built-in communication interface terminal arrangement diagram of multiple vehicle controllers of various new energy vehicles; the communication interface terminal arrangement diagram includes: ECU location, each ECU plug interface line data, fuse relay box line interface data, start button, instrument, diagnostic port, decoder data; The fault detection training host can display the interface corresponding to each trainee interactive terminal through virtual simulation and perform actual detection; and receive the detection results submitted by each trainee interactive terminal and make a result judgment; The automobile data acquisition front-end device includes: a radio frequency transmission module, a detection panel, and a data collector connected in sequence; The automobile data acquisition front-end is electrically connected to the external automobile controller connector port; The RF transmitter module can transmit RF signals of a specified frequency band; the RF transceiver module transmits the detection data to the fault detection training host; The detection panel includes a plurality of wiring terminals, each of which corresponds to a connector port of a vehicle controller; the data collector is powered by a 12V or 5V power supply provided by the connector port of each vehicle controller, and the data acquisition requires signal optical coupling isolation or voltage transformer isolation; The data collector also includes a detection circuit and a protection circuit; the protection circuit is arranged at the front end of the detection circuit; the fault detection training host includes a radio frequency receiving module, a plurality of detection signal terminals, and a single chip microcomputer that are matched with the radio frequency transceiver module and electrically connected in sequence, and the radio frequency receiving module can receive radio frequency signals of a frequency band specified by the fault detection training host; the single chip microcomputer is provided with static or dynamic signals of multiple nodes; The automobile data acquisition front-end also includes a ground connection line with one end connected to the protection circuit R66 and the other end connected to the negative electrode of the external automobile battery; the detection circuit includes: a collector chip, and the acquisition chip model is: SCA7606.

[0009] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has at least the following beneficial effects: 1. The multi-mode practical training teaching method and system for new energy vehicle fault detection provided by the present invention adopts real new energy vehicles, through the combination of software and hardware, based on the same new energy vehicle and the same system, adopts on-site + near-field + remote interactive training modes, which can realize simultaneous practical training for any number of people in multiple venues. It solves the problems of the limited number of new energy vehicles and limited venues in the actual teaching of the existing technology, which make it impossible to provide one person with one vehicle, and all students need to be taught on-site, the practical training teaching mode is single, and the number of students served is small. At the same time, it also solves the problems of authenticity and accuracy of real vehicle data collection during the training process, as well as the incomplete management and assessment management of the practical training operation process of many students and the low degree of informatization. It can meet the practical training teaching needs of more students (unlimited number), multiple modes and various real new energy vehicles in unlimited venues.

[0010] 2. The multi-mode practical training teaching method and system for new energy vehicle fault detection proposed in the present invention aims to solve the problems in existing teaching practices of automobile fault diagnosis using analog signals, low detection efficiency, and large discrepancies with real working scenarios. The system collects the voltage signals of each terminal line on the module sockets of the vehicle's power battery, drive motor, high-voltage electric control box, etc., and synchronously displays the above information to each remote interaction module and fault detection sub-control module. By connecting to the vehicle diagnostic port, the fault code and self-test status data stream of each controller of the vehicle are obtained, and the above information is integrated into the key data stream and fault code information required for automobile fault training, and is synchronously sent for display to each remote interaction module; the present invention determines the vehicle network fault by the idea of whether the fault detection training host calls the original vehicle decoding module to enter the real vehicle controller ID interface.

[0011] 3. In order to solve the problems in actual teaching, such as the limited number of new energy vehicles and limited venues, the inability to provide one person with one vehicle and full on-site teaching, the single practical training teaching mode and the small number of trainees served, the present invention combines software and hardware, based on the same new energy vehicle and the same system, to realize simultaneous practical training for multiple people in multiple venues, and at the same time solves the problems of incomplete process management and performance management of practical training operations, and low level of informatization; students do not need to operate on the actual vehicle, but only need to operate on the interactive terminals of the trainees at each end, cooperate with the analysis of the fault codes and data stream information displayed on the remote interactive module, and use the principle of back-insertion detection for fault detection, which can intuitively judge the fault of the actual vehicle and improve the efficiency of fault detection.

[0012] 4. The multi-mode practical training teaching method and system for new energy vehicle fault detection proposed in the present invention can quickly obtain and integrate vehicle fault codes and data stream information through the vehicle message parsing module integrated in the system, and can quickly analyze and diagnose to narrow the scope of troubleshooting, thereby improving the efficiency of fault detection. In addition, the equipment of the present invention can standardize the real vehicle fault detection and diagnosis and elimination process for training students. It has a remote data synchronization function, and connects the fault detection training host and the interactive terminals of the trainees at each end through a wireless module to achieve remote data synchronization, which is convenient for students to conduct fault detection training. Students do not need to measure the interface of the real car controller, reducing the loss of students repeatedly plugging and unplugging and testing the car controller. At the same time, the real car interface and terminal can also be intuitively displayed on the interactive terminals of the trainees at each end, which is convenient for direct fault troubleshooting (without disassembling and rewiring the controller) and improving detection efficiency.

[0013] 5. The multi-mode practical training teaching method and system for new energy vehicle fault detection proposed in the present invention directly collects real vehicle data on the lines of the vehicle controller and each distribution box plug-in interface, can realize line measurement without dismantling, provide simultaneous detection by multiple people, and free measurement of multiple controllers of the vehicle under the same system.

[0014] 6. The multi-mode practical training teaching method and system for new energy vehicle fault detection proposed in the present invention can avoid the loss of physical vehicles. There is no need to use physical vehicles for fault detection training. It avoids the loss of circuit disconnection and poor contact caused by repeated disassembly and assembly of physical vehicle panels, multiple plugging and unplugging of controllers, and repeated puncture and measurement of interface terminals, thereby reducing teaching costs. It can save teaching resources and enable multiple people to conduct fault detection training at the same time. There is no need to purchase a large number of physical vehicles, thus saving teaching resources.

[0015] 7. The multi-mode practical teaching method and system for new energy vehicle fault detection proposed in this invention remotely synchronizes detection data. By connecting the fault detection training host and the vehicle data acquisition front-end via a wireless module, remote data synchronization is achieved, facilitating students' fault detection training. Multi-band wireless signal switching is implemented, and the vehicle data acquisition front-end can switch between different frequency bands to detect and diagnose all vehicle controllers, improving the flexibility and efficiency of practical training. The system also features virtual simulation, allowing the fault detection training host to display the corresponding interfaces of the vehicle data acquisition front-end through virtual simulation and perform actual testing, facilitating teaching and management. The system also provides test result judgment and feedback, enabling students to make judgments based on the test results submitted by students and provide feedback, helping them to promptly identify and improve problems. The software is rich in functionality, including circuit diagrams for each system, a fault setting interface, remote management, and the selection of various vehicle controllers, facilitating teaching and management.

[0016] 8. The multi-mode practical teaching method and system for new energy vehicle fault detection proposed in this invention can be connected to a variety of vehicle controllers. The fault detection training host can connect to and detect a variety of vehicle controllers, including the power battery management module, motor controller module, electronic control box control module, engine control module, body control module, anti-theft system control module, and ESP control module. Expandable 485 functions: The 485 function can be expanded to connect to the teacher's computer, allowing the teacher to monitor and control the data sent and received, control the switching of transceiver channels, and independently control the voltage data transmission, data modification, data addition, and synchronize data display with students. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall module composition structure of the multi-mode practical training teaching system according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the module structure of the fault detection training host according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the connection and communication relationship between the fault detection training host, the vehicle controller, and the vehicle data acquisition front-end in the multi-mode training teaching system according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the main process of the multi-mode practical training teaching method for new energy vehicles according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a flow chart of a fault detection training host according to an embodiment of the present invention when no fault is set; Figure 6 This is a flow chart of a fault detection training host setting fault according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the signal acquisition structure of area A and area B according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the external automobile controller and the automobile data acquisition front-end device according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 9 Schematic diagram of the network connection structure between the automobile data acquisition front-end and the fault detection training host according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the connector port structure between the automobile data acquisition front-end unit in zone B of an embodiment of the present invention and an external automobile controller (cockpit); Figure 11 Schematic diagram of a protection circuit of an automobile data acquisition front-end device according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the connection between the protection circuit of the automobile data acquisition front-end device and the negative electrode of the automobile battery according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the connection between the automobile data acquisition front-end device, the fault detection training host and the external automobile controller according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 14 is a schematic diagram of the position of an external vehicle controller displayed by a remote interaction module according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 15 is a schematic diagram of the connector ports of the power distribution assembly displayed by the remote interaction module according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 16 This is a schematic diagram of the connector ports of the power battery management system displayed by the remote interaction module according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 17 This is a schematic diagram of the operation of the remote interaction module and the interactive terminals of the trainees at each end according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 18 This is a schematic diagram of the operation of multiple remote interaction modules and the interactive terminals of trainees at each end according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 19 This is a schematic diagram of a circuit board of a front-end device for automobile data acquisition according to an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] Please see the attached Figures 1 to 19 In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present invention, the following will provide a clear and complete description of the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0020] In the following description, for clarity and conciseness, not all of the components shown in the figures are described. The drawings illustrate various components to provide a fully enabling disclosure of the present invention to those skilled in the art. The operation of many of the components will be familiar and obvious to those skilled in the art.

[0021] Example 1 The multi-mode practical training teaching method for new energy vehicle fault detection provided in this embodiment adopts on-site + near-field + remote practical training teaching modes + a fault detection training host and multiple distributed student interactive terminals, which can realize one-vehicle-to-multiple-person and one-system-to-multiple-person practical training. It includes the following steps: S1. Deploy a real-time multi-mode training system S1-1 first deploys a real-time multi-modal training and teaching system to simultaneously support real-time multi-modal training and teaching for any number of people in one vehicle; Deployment of a multi-mode training and teaching system includes: cloud servers, new energy vehicles, vehicle data acquisition front-end devices, fault detection training hosts, multiple on-site trainee interactive terminals, multiple near-field trainee interactive terminals, and multiple remote trainee interactive terminals, all interconnected and communicating via cables, the Internet of Things, or the Internet; The teaching modes of the real-time multi-mode training teaching system include: on-site training teaching mode in the training workshop, near-field training teaching mode in the training workshop, centralized training teaching mode in the remote classroom, and remote distributed individual training teaching mode; On-site training in the workshop refers to training conducted within the spatial area of the training workshop; near-field training in the workshop refers to training conducted in the spatial area outside and surrounding the training workshop, which is generally a classroom or other teaching place on a school campus (within the effective transmission distance of RF communication, usually 100 to 300 meters from the fault detection training host); remote training refers to any place communicated through the Internet, including centralized training teaching places in remote classrooms or any remote distributed individual training teaching places, which completely breaks through the geographical limitations of training.

[0022] S1-2: Install the vehicle data acquisition front-end machine to the connector port of the external new energy vehicle controller, and electrically connect the vehicle data acquisition front-end machine to the terminal posts inside the connector port of the external vehicle controller; after the vehicle data acquisition front-end machine is operating normally, debug and configure the communication between the fault detection training host and the vehicle data acquisition front-end machine to achieve normal transmission of collected data; the vehicle data acquisition front-end machine detects the data through a detection circuit, generates detection data, and transmits the detection data to the fault detection training host; S2. Obtaining test data of new energy vehicles S2-1: Detection data acquisition After the vehicle data acquisition front-end machine generates the detection data, the fault detection training host communicates with the vehicle data acquisition front-end machine and transmits the detection data to the fault detection training host; the fault detection training host obtains the detection data from the vehicle data acquisition front-end machine and stores it; S2-2: Detection data verification Verify the acquired detection data with the original data stored in the fault detection training host, where the original data is the detection data when the external vehicle controller is working normally; if there is an abnormality in the preliminary detection data, mark the abnormal part of the data as abnormal data, confirm and store the abnormal data; S3. Generation of training data for new energy vehicle fault detection S3-1 New Energy Vehicle Fault Settings The fault setting box is electrically connected to the PLC controller, and has multiple circuits built into it, each of which matches the terminal of the connector port of the external vehicle controller; each of the circuits is connected in series with a programmable switch, which controls the on and off of the circuit; each programmable switch is electrically connected to the PLC controller, and the PLC controller can control the state of each programmable switch according to the setting, thereby setting the on and off of multiple circuits; S3-2. Generation of Detection Status Training Data The PLC controller obtains the abnormal data in step S3 and combines it with the on / off status set in step S4 to generate and store detection status data; S4. Interactive training on new energy vehicle fault detection S4-1, Synchronous detection status data and remote interaction module The fault detection training host synchronizes the detection status data to the trainee interactive terminals at each end, and synchronizes the terminal indication diagram of the corresponding external vehicle controller connector port to the remote interaction module; the terminal trainees perform data detection on the terminal terminals of the trainee interactive terminals at each end according to the instructions on the remote interaction module interface; S4-2. Upload the test results of trainees Terminal trainees conduct fault detection and judgment training according to the instructions on the remote interactive module interface, and submit their self-judgment detection result data to the fault detection training host through the trainee interactive terminal at each end, or directly submit it to the cloud server through the network, and then wait for the fault detection training host or cloud server to judge and provide feedback on the trainee's detection training operation results; S5. Interactive training management of new energy vehicle fault detection S5-1 Training Operation Process Feedback The fault detection training host or cloud server will judge and feedback the detection results, and upload the result data of whether the training operation corresponding to each student terminal is correct to the cloud server; S5-2 Training Results Management The cloud server has a built-in program that maps the practical training operation process corresponding to each student's terminal to the student's account, and distributes it to each student through the fault detection training host and the student interactive terminals at each end, prompting them to correct incorrect operations. Finally, the cloud server's built-in program summarizes and records the practical training operation process of each student and gives corresponding grades.

[0023] A new energy vehicle real vehicle signal acquisition fault detection system, which is used to implement the multi-mode practical training teaching method for new energy vehicle fault detection, and includes the following working in conjunction with each other: Cloud servers, new energy vehicles, cloud servers, new energy vehicles, vehicle data acquisition front-end machines, fault detection training hosts, multiple on-site trainee interactive terminals, multiple near-field trainee interactive terminals, and multiple remote trainee interactive terminals; Among them, the structures of the on-site trainee interactive terminal, the near-field trainee interactive terminal, and the remote trainee interactive terminal are all the same, and all include: a remote interaction module and a fault detection sub-control module; New energy vehicles, vehicle data acquisition front-ends, fault detection training hosts, and multiple on-site trainee interactive terminals are deployed at the training workshop site; multiple on-site trainee interactive terminals use WIFI or Bluetooth to communicate with the fault detection training host; the fault detection training host includes: PLC controller, WIFI module, Bluetooth module, RF transceiver module, and teaching interaction module.

[0024] The radio frequency transceiver module is capable of receiving and transmitting radio frequency signals of multiple specified frequency bands; The PLC controller includes a network adapter; the network controller is connected to a wired or wireless network; The fault detection training host also includes: a car controller connection line; one end of the car controller connection line is connected to the connector port of the car data acquisition front-end machine, and the other end is connected to the input interface of the fault detection training host; the fault detection training host communicates with the car data acquisition front-end machine through the car controller connection line to achieve detection data acquisition and verification; and controls the fault setting box to perform fault setting. The fault detection training host synchronizes the detection data to the interactive terminals of the trainees at each end through radio frequency signals; Multiple near-field training student interactive terminals are deployed near the training workshop and use RF communication to communicate with the fault detection training host; The cloud server and multiple interactive terminals for remote training students are all remotely deployed. The cloud server communicates with the fault detection training host through the network, and multiple interactive terminals for remote training students communicate with the cloud server through the network. The cloud server has a built-in new energy vehicle fault detection training and teaching control program; The teaching modes of the real-time multi-mode training teaching system include: on-site training teaching mode in the training workshop, near-field training teaching mode in the training workshop, centralized training teaching mode in the remote classroom, and remote distributed individual training teaching mode; Before the on-site training student interactive terminal, the near-field training student interactive terminal, and the remote training student interactive terminal are tested, the remote interaction module will receive multimedia testing instructions sent by each training teaching mode, and the multimedia testing instructions include: one or more of interactive content interface, video, audio, picture, and text; The automobile controller connection line includes multiple wiring harnesses; the fault setting box includes multiple wiring terminals and multiple program-controlled switches matching the wiring terminals, each of the program-controlled switches is electrically connected to the PLC controller; the PLC controller can be set to at least one fault point; The fault detection training host has a built-in communication interface terminal arrangement diagram of multiple vehicle controllers of various new energy vehicles; the communication interface terminal arrangement diagram includes: ECU location, each ECU plug interface line data, fuse relay box line interface data, start button, instrument, diagnostic port, decoder data; The fault detection training host can display the interface corresponding to each trainee interactive terminal through virtual simulation and perform actual detection; and receive the detection results submitted by each trainee interactive terminal and make a result judgment; The automobile data acquisition front-end device includes: a radio frequency transmission module, a detection panel, and a data collector connected in sequence; The automobile data acquisition front-end is electrically connected to the external automobile controller connector port; The RF transmitter module can transmit RF signals of a specified frequency band; the RF transceiver module transmits the detection data to the fault detection training host; The detection panel includes a plurality of wiring terminals, each of which corresponds to a connector port of a vehicle controller; the data collector is powered by a 12V or 5V power supply provided by the connector port of each vehicle controller, and the data acquisition requires signal optical coupling isolation or voltage transformer isolation; The data collector also includes a detection circuit and a protection circuit; the protection circuit is arranged at the front end of the detection circuit; the fault detection training host includes a radio frequency receiving module, a plurality of detection signal terminals, and a single chip microcomputer that are matched with the radio frequency transceiver module and electrically connected in sequence, and the radio frequency receiving module can receive radio frequency signals of a frequency band specified by the fault detection training host; the single chip microcomputer is provided with static or dynamic signals of multiple nodes; The automobile data acquisition front-end also includes a ground connection line with one end connected to the protection circuit R66 and the other end connected to the negative electrode of the external automobile battery; the detection circuit includes: a collector chip, and the acquisition chip model is: SCA7606.

[0025] The detection principle adopted in the embodiment of the present invention is: first, each trainee interactive terminal is designed, and through the back plug detection principle, the terminal voltage of the line signal of the corresponding connector of the actual vehicle is detected on each trainee interactive terminal, and the principle of equal potential of the same line is used to determine whether a line fault (open circuit, short circuit, or false connection) occurs between the above-mentioned connection terminals.

[0026] Since automobile line-level signals are divided into three types: power supply, unidirectional electrical signals and bidirectional network signals (such as CAN, LIN, etc.); among them, bidirectional network signals are mainly differential voltage waveforms. Due to their bidirectional transceiver functions, the principle of equal potential on the same line cannot be used to detect and judge line faults. Therefore, the present invention proposes to synchronize the message response of the automobile controller ID address on each trainee interactive terminal; when the trainee performs detection on each trainee interactive terminal, each trainee interactive terminal receives the fault detection training host through network communication for message analysis, and then judges whether the vehicle network has a fault (open circuit, short circuit, virtual connection) by the idea of whether each trainee interactive terminal and each trainee interactive terminal can enter the corresponding controller interface. That is, this embodiment judges the vehicle network fault by the idea of whether the fault detection training host calls the original vehicle decoding module to enter the real vehicle controller ID interface. The flowchart of this method can be seen. Figures 5 and 6 .

[0027] Example 2 The multi-mode practical training teaching method and system for new energy vehicle fault detection provided in this embodiment are optimized and improved based on Example 1.

[0028] Please see the attached Figures 1 to 19 The new energy vehicle remote training teaching fault detection method and system provided by the embodiment of the present invention, by collecting single vehicle data and setting up various terminal devices, can not only improve the detection efficiency and standardize the real fault diagnosis process, but also enhance the teaching flexibility and conform to the real job scene.

[0029] The multi-mode practical teaching method for new energy vehicle fault detection provided in this embodiment, step S1 specifically further includes the following steps: S1-3. Configure the front-end device for automobile data acquisition The vehicle data acquisition front-end is electrically connected to the connector port of the external vehicle controller, and the vehicle data acquisition front-end includes a radio frequency transmission module, which can transmit radio frequency signals of a specified frequency band; the vehicle data acquisition front-end also includes a data collector and a detection panel; the data collector is powered by a 12V or 5V power supply provided by the connector port of each vehicle controller; after the data collector is connected to the connector port of the external vehicle controller, the radio frequency communication with the fault detection training host is normal; the vehicle data acquisition front-end can read the data of the external vehicle controller connected thereto, and detect the data through the detection circuit, and generate detection data; the data collector includes an electrically connected protection circuit and a detection circuit; the protection circuit is arranged before the detection circuit; the detection panel matches the connector port of the external vehicle controller; S1-4. Configure the fault detection training host The fault detection training host also includes a radio frequency transceiver module, a fault setting box, a power module, and an input interface; the radio frequency transceiver module can receive and transmit radio frequency signals in multiple specified frequency bands; after the fault detection training host is powered on, each module self-checks normally and the network connection is normal.

[0030] In step S1-1, the structures of the on-site trainee interactive terminal, the near-field trainee interactive terminal, and the remote trainee interactive terminal are the same, and all include: a remote interaction module and a fault detection sub-control module; the three types of trainee interactive terminals are hereinafter referred to as student terminals; New energy vehicles, vehicle data acquisition front-ends, fault detection training hosts, and multiple on-site trainee interactive terminals are deployed at the training workshop site. The fault detection training hosts have built-in communication interface terminal arrangement diagrams for multiple vehicle controllers of various new energy vehicles. The communication interface terminal arrangement diagrams include: ECU location, line data for each ECU plug-in interface, line interface data for the fuse relay box, start button, instrument, diagnostic port, and decoder data. Multiple on-site training student interactive terminals use WIFI or Bluetooth to communicate with the fault detection training host; the fault detection training host includes: PLC controller, WIFI module, Bluetooth module, RF transceiver module, and teaching interaction module; Multiple near-field training student interactive terminals are deployed near the training workshop and use RF communication to communicate with the fault detection training host; The cloud server and multiple interactive terminals for remote training students are all remotely deployed. The cloud server communicates with the fault detection training host through the network, and multiple interactive terminals for remote training students communicate with the cloud server through the network. The cloud server has a built-in new energy vehicle fault detection training and teaching control program; Before testing the on-site trainee interactive terminal, near-field trainee interactive terminal, and remote trainee interactive terminal, the remote interaction module will receive multimedia testing guidelines sent by each training teaching mode. The multimedia testing guidelines include: one or more of interactive content interface, video, audio, picture, and text.

[0031] The multi-mode practical teaching method for new energy vehicle fault detection provided in this embodiment, step S2 specifically further includes the following steps: S2-3. Obtaining detection data wirelessly Switch the RF transceiver module of the fault detection training host to the specified frequency band. The fault detection training host can receive the RF signal transmitted by the car data acquisition front-end machine in the same frequency band. The PLC controller processes and identifies the model of the car controller and stores the detection data. S2-4. Obtaining test data by wired method Connect one end of the car controller cable to the connector port of the car data acquisition front-end machine, and the other end to the fault detection training host; In the case of abnormal detection data obtained wirelessly: when the fault detection training host fails to communicate with the vehicle data acquisition front-end machine repeatedly, the PLC controller reads the communication data of the vehicle data acquisition front-end machine through the vehicle controller connection line, processes and identifies the model of the vehicle controller, and stores the detection data.

[0032] The step S3 further comprises the following steps: S3-3, Automatic data verification The PLC controller compares and analyzes the acquired detection data with the original data stored in the fault detection training host. If there is a difference, the PLC controller will mark the data as abnormal data and mark the abnormal terminal serial number; S3-4, data line data verification According to the abnormal terminal serial number prompted in step S2-4, the terminal is manually measured on the detection panel of the vehicle data acquisition front-end device, and the data is manually corrected after measurement, and the abnormal terminal serial number is marked; S3-5. Data Confirmation The serial numbers of the connection terminals marked as abnormal in steps S3-3 and S3-4 are confirmed and stored.

[0033] The step S4 further comprises the following steps: S4-3. Detection status data synchronization The PLC controller reads the detection status data and remotely synchronizes the detection status data to multiple interactive terminals of trainees at each end; The trainee interactive terminal at each end includes a single chip microcomputer, a plurality of connection terminals and connection terminal serial numbers that match the connector ports of the external vehicle controller; The single chip computer sets the static or dynamic signals of the matched multiple nodes to the designated wiring terminals according to the received detection status data; S4-4, Synchronous Remote Interaction Module The PLC controller synchronizes the terminal indication diagram of the connector port of the matching vehicle controller to the remote interaction module, and the remote interaction module interface displays the terminal indication diagram of the connector port of the corresponding external vehicle controller.

[0034] The step S5 further comprises the following steps: S5-3. Submission of test results Terminal trainees test each terminal on each terminal according to the multimedia test instructions of the remote interaction module, and record the test results in the designated location of the remote interaction module. After all tests are completed, the remote interaction module submits the data to the fault detection training host or cloud server. S5-4. Test result judgment and feedback After the fault detection training host or cloud server receives the detection results submitted by the remote interaction module, it makes a judgment on the results and displays the judgment results to the remote interaction module; it feeds back the wrong detection results to the remote interaction module, prompting the terminal training students to re-test.

[0035] A new energy vehicle real vehicle signal acquisition fault detection system implements the above detection method, which includes the following working in conjunction with each other: Cloud servers, new energy vehicles, cloud servers, new energy vehicles, vehicle data acquisition front-end machines, fault detection training hosts, multiple on-site trainee interactive terminals, multiple near-field trainee interactive terminals, and multiple remote trainee interactive terminals; Among them, the structures of the on-site trainee interactive terminal, the near-field trainee interactive terminal, and the remote trainee interactive terminal are all the same, and all include: a remote interaction module and a fault detection sub-control module; New energy vehicles, vehicle data acquisition front-end, fault detection training host, and multiple on-site trainee interactive terminals are deployed on-site in the training workshop; multiple on-site trainee interactive terminals use WIFI or Bluetooth to communicate with the fault detection training host; the fault detection training host includes: PLC controller, WIFI module, Bluetooth module, RF transceiver module, and teaching interaction module; The radio frequency transceiver module is capable of receiving and transmitting radio frequency signals of multiple specified frequency bands; The PLC controller includes a network adapter; the network controller is connected to a wired or wireless network; The fault detection training host also includes: a car controller connection line; one end of the car controller connection line is connected to the connector port of the car data acquisition front-end machine, and the other end is connected to the input interface of the fault detection training host; the fault detection training host communicates with the car data acquisition front-end machine through the car controller connection line to achieve detection data acquisition and verification; and controls the fault setting box to perform fault setting. The fault detection training host synchronizes the detection data to the interactive terminals of the trainees at each end through radio frequency signals; Multiple near-field training student interactive terminals are deployed near the training workshop and use RF communication to communicate with the fault detection training host; The cloud server and multiple interactive terminals for remote training students are all remotely deployed. The cloud server communicates with the fault detection training host through the network, and multiple interactive terminals for remote training students communicate with the cloud server through the network. The cloud server has a built-in new energy vehicle fault detection training and teaching control program; The teaching modes of the real-time multi-mode training teaching system include: on-site training teaching mode in the training workshop, near-field training teaching mode in the training workshop, centralized training teaching mode in the remote classroom, and remote distributed individual training teaching mode; before the on-site training student interactive terminal, near-field training student interactive terminal, and remote training student interactive terminal are tested, the remote interaction module will receive multimedia testing instructions sent by each training teaching mode, and the multimedia testing instructions include: one or more of interactive content interface, video, audio, picture, and text; The automobile controller connection line includes multiple wiring harnesses; the fault setting box includes multiple wiring terminals and multiple program-controlled switches matching the wiring terminals, each of the program-controlled switches is electrically connected to the PLC controller; the PLC controller can be set to at least one fault point; The fault detection training host has a built-in communication interface terminal arrangement diagram of multiple vehicle controllers of various new energy vehicles; the communication interface terminal arrangement diagram includes: ECU location, each ECU plug interface line data, fuse relay box line interface data, start button, instrument, diagnostic port, decoder data; The fault detection training host can display the interface corresponding to each trainee interactive terminal through virtual simulation and perform actual detection; and receive the detection results submitted by each trainee interactive terminal and make a result judgment; The automobile data acquisition front-end device includes: a radio frequency transmission module, a detection panel, and a data collector connected in sequence; The automobile data acquisition front-end is electrically connected to the external automobile controller connector port; The RF transmitter module can transmit RF signals of a specified frequency band; the RF transceiver module transmits the detection data to the fault detection training host; The detection panel includes a plurality of wiring terminals, each of which corresponds to a connector port of a vehicle controller; the data collector is powered by a 12V or 5V power supply provided by the connector port of each vehicle controller, and the data acquisition requires signal optical coupling isolation or voltage transformer isolation; The data collector also includes a detection circuit and a protection circuit; the protection circuit is arranged at the front end of the detection circuit; the fault detection training host includes a radio frequency receiving module, multiple detection signal terminals, and a single-chip microcomputer that match the radio frequency transceiver module and are electrically connected in sequence. The radio frequency receiving module can receive radio frequency signals in the frequency band specified by the fault detection training host; the single-chip microcomputer can set static or dynamic signals of multiple nodes.

[0036] The car controller connection line includes multiple wiring harnesses; when the number of wiring harnesses is less than 20, the car controller connection line adopts daisy chain and RF radio frequency; when the number of wiring harnesses exceeds 20, a multi-color wiring method is adopted; the fault detection training host can connect and detect car controllers including: the car's power battery, drive motor, high-voltage electronic control box, and engine module. The fault setting box includes multiple wiring terminals and multiple programmable switches matching the wiring terminals. Each programmable switch is electrically connected to the PLC controller; the PLC controller can set at least one fault point; the detection data is divided into static voltage signals (100ms low-frequency update and return data), and dynamic waveform signals (after the dynamic signal is started and identified, the signal is sent to the sub-control terminal, and the slave terminal synchronously updates the data of the above-mentioned identification signal at a low frequency of 100sm, and the display signal is simulated to the corresponding line through the waveform generator); the dynamic waveform signal is the dynamic signal identified at the start (including line, baud rate, bus type: CAN / LIN); The PLC controller detects the ECU's port data, including static voltage data and dynamic waveform data. A signal generator is used to process the static voltage data and dynamic waveform data to reduce communication data pressure. The fault detection training host has a built-in communication interface terminal arrangement diagram of multiple vehicle controllers; the communication interface terminal arrangement diagram includes: ECU location, each ECU plug interface line data, fuse relay box line interface data, start button, instrument, diagnostic port, decoder data; The fault detection training host can display the interface corresponding to each trainee interactive terminal through virtual simulation and perform actual detection; and receive the detection results submitted by each trainee interactive terminal and make a result judgment; The automobile data acquisition front-end device includes: a radio frequency transmission module, a detection panel, and a data collector connected in sequence; The automobile data acquisition front-end is electrically connected to the external automobile controller connector port; The RF transmitter module can transmit RF signals of a specified frequency band; the RF transceiver module transmits the detection data to the fault detection training host; The detection panel includes a plurality of wiring terminals, each of which corresponds to a connector port of the vehicle controller; The front-end machine of automobile data acquisition also includes a data collector; the data collector is powered by the 12V or 5V power supply provided by the connector port of each automobile controller, and the data acquisition requires signal optical coupling isolation or voltage transformer isolation; See also Figures 11 to 12 The data collector includes a detection circuit and a protection circuit; the protection circuit is arranged at the front end of the detection circuit, and the protection circuit includes: an input terminal INN0_0, an operational amplifier U18A, an operational amplifier U18B, resistors Ri1, R67, R72, and R66; the input terminal INN0_0 is electrically connected to the terminal corresponding to the external vehicle controller connector port, the resistor Ri1 is electrically connected to pin 3 of the operational amplifier U18A, the pins 1 and 2 of the operational amplifier U18A are electrically connected, the pin 1 of the operational amplifier U18A is connected in series with the resistor R67 and then connected to the pin 5 of the operational amplifier U18B; the pins 6 and 7 of the operational amplifier U18B are electrically connected; the pin 7 of the operational amplifier U18B is connected in series with the resistor R72 and then connected to the detection circuit; one end of the resistor R66 is grounded, and the other end is connected in series with the resistor Ri1; The protection circuit further includes: a capacitor C146, a resistor R68, a diode D1, and a resistor R75; the capacitor C146, the resistor R68, and the diode D1 are connected in parallel between the resistor Ri1 and pin 3 of the operational amplifier U18A, one end of the capacitor C146 is connected to the resistor Ri1, and the other end is grounded; one end of the resistor R68 is connected to the resistor Ri1, and the other end is grounded; the positive electrode of the diode D1 is grounded, and the negative electrode is connected to the resistor Ri1; one end of the resistor R75 is grounded, and the other end is connected to the resistor R67 and pin 5 of the operational amplifier U18B; Table 1

[0037] Table 1 is a summary table of DC-15V voltage measurement.

[0038] Measurement numbers 1-4 in Table 1 are the measurement results before the protection circuit is set: ① Regardless of the input negative voltage, the measurement result is always 15V; for example, if the input is -5V, the measured voltage is 15V, and if the input changes to -8V, the measurement result is still 15V; ② The input negative voltage causes the internal clamping circuit of the input voltage follower to be reverse connected and cause heat damage; ③ The input negative voltage causes the current to pass through the internal clamping circuit of the voltage follower and transfer to the system negative power supply, increasing the load of the negative power supply, and eventually causing the negative power supply to overload and heat, further causing damage to the power supply.

[0039] Measurement numbers 5-8 in Table 1 are the measurement results after setting the protection circuit: ① Shield negative voltage. No matter how many volts the negative voltage is, the measurement result is 0V. ② The input voltage follower is protected. When the input voltage is negative, the current directly passes through the diode and resistor and does not flow through the voltage follower, thus avoiding damage to the voltage follower. The voltage follower is at room temperature.

[0040] ③ The current does not flow through the voltage follower, further protecting the negative power supply; the negative power supply is at room temperature.

[0041] See also Figure 12 The vehicle data acquisition front-end also includes a ground connection wire connected at one end to the protection circuit R66 and at the other end to the negative terminal of the external vehicle battery. The provision of the ground connection wire ensures that the vehicle controller and the vehicle data acquisition front-end have the same reference voltage, thereby avoiding detection errors caused by data offset in the vehicle data acquisition front-end. See Table 2 (a 15V voltage measurement table with the negative terminal ungrounded (serial numbers 1-4) and with the negative terminal grounded (serial numbers 5-8)).

[0042] Table 2

[0043] The automotive data acquisition front-end collects signals from the control unit on the vehicle under test, collecting the original vehicle's signals without affecting its normal operation. It is equipped with a wireless routing module, which encodes and encrypts the collected signals for transmission, ensuring data accuracy. The transmission distance can reach 300 meters (and can even transmit through walls). It can collect voltage data from up to 76 channels. The wireless receiving system receives and decrypts the transmitted wireless signals, and restores the channel data through an op amp. The restored channel number matches the number at the sending end. Students can use a multimeter or other measuring tool to measure the voltage at the test port. The voltage accuracy is ±0.1V, the refresh rate is 10ms, and the signal data of the original vehicle is faithfully replicated.

[0044] An automobile data acquisition front-end is connected to the vehicle through a lossless connection harness without damaging the original vehicle harness. The wireless transmitter sends the signal through a router, and the student interactive terminal (student terminal) measurement box receives the data and restores the data to the measurement end. In this embodiment, up to 40 student interactive terminals can receive data for measurement at the same time.

[0045] The fault detection training host combines the data collected by the automobile data acquisition front-end machine with the fault setting box, and can also be connected to the fault setting box to perform fault setting through wireless, mechanical, and program control methods. Each system can set up to 76 faults.

[0046] The detection circuit includes a data acquisition chip, the SCA7606, which is a 16-bit, 8-channel synchronous sampling analog-to-digital converter. The SCA7606 features built-in analog input clamp protection, a second-order anti-aliasing filter, a track-and-hold amplifier, a 16-bit charge redistribution successive approximation analog-to-digital converter, a flexible digital filter, a 2.5V reference voltage source, a reference voltage buffer, and high-speed serial and parallel interfaces. The SCA7606 operates from a single 5V power supply and can handle ±10V and ±5V true bipolar input signals, with all channels capable of sampling at a throughput rate of up to 200kSPS. The input clamp protection circuit can withstand voltages up to ±16.5V. Regardless of the sampling frequency, the SCA7606's analog input impedance is 1MΩ. The SCA7606 operates from a single power supply, features on-chip filtering, and has a high input impedance, eliminating the need for an external operational amplifier or bipolar power supply. The SCA7606 anti-aliasing filter has a 3dB cutoff frequency of 22.9kHz, which provides 40dB of anti-aliasing rejection at a 200kSPS sampling rate. The flexible digital filter is pin-driven and can improve the signal-to-noise ratio.

[0047] Each end of the trainee interactive terminal also includes a radio frequency receiving module, a plurality of detection signal terminals, and a single chip microcomputer that are matched with the radio frequency transceiver module and electrically connected in sequence. The radio frequency receiving module can receive radio frequency signals of the frequency band specified by the fault detection training host; the single chip microcomputer can set static or dynamic signals of multiple nodes; The detection signal terminal matches the connector port of the car controller. The display terminal is displayed by LED dot matrix outside. The terminal can detect up to 60 pins. The remote interaction module includes a touchscreen display and a communication module. The remote interaction module is electrically connected to a fault detection training host via the communication module. The touchscreen display can control the fault detection training host to switch the vehicle controller to be tested. After switching the vehicle controller, the fault detection training host's PLC controller activates, controlling the RF transceiver module to switch to another frequency band to receive test data from the trainee's interactive terminals at other ends. The touchscreen display displays a terminal arrangement diagram corresponding to the communication interface of the current vehicle controller. This enables virtual simulation to display the corresponding vehicle controller interface, input results, and submit them to the fault detection training host for evaluation. The touchscreen display can connect to the vehicle diagnostic port to collect relevant self-test data and fault codes from the vehicle's power battery, drive motor, high-voltage electronic control box, engine, and other devices. It integrates and displays the key data streams and fault code information required for vehicle fault training, and displays them in a designated area of the remote interaction module (providing a fault display area and a data stream display area). The multi-mode practical teaching method and system for new energy vehicle fault detection of the present invention provides measurement and cognitive training for teaching vehicles (after appropriate modification) on topics such as vehicle system principles, fault diagnosis and troubleshooting, and in-vehicle network communication. It is an effective platform for solving onlooker teaching in the practical training of electronic control systems in domestic vocational education.

[0048] See also Figure 3 The front-end machine for automobile data acquisition is used to collect signals from the control unit on the vehicle under test. It collects the signals from the original vehicle without affecting the normal operation of the original vehicle. The front-end machine for automobile data acquisition is equipped with a wireless routing module. The wireless routing can encode and encrypt the collected signals and send them out to ensure the accuracy of the data. The transmission distance can reach 300 meters (and can be sent through walls). Up to 76 channels of voltage data can be collected. The wireless receiving system can receive the sent wireless signal, decrypt the wireless signal, and restore the channel data through the operational amplifier. The restored number is consistent with the number of the sending end. Students (trainees) can use measuring tools such as multimeters to measure at the detection port. The voltage accuracy is +-0.1V, the refresh rate is 10ms, and the signal data of the original vehicle is truly copied. The embodiment of the present invention determines the vehicle network fault by the idea of whether the fault detection training host can call the original vehicle decoding module to enter the real vehicle controller ID interface. For the flowchart of this method, please refer to Figures 5 and 6 .

[0049] See also Figures 7 to 9The controllers in the car can be divided into area A and area B. Area A is the front electronic control part, and area B is the central control part. The car data acquisition front-end can be connected to the controller in area A or the controller in area B. For example, a car data acquisition front-end is connected to the car (area A) through a lossless connection harness without damaging the original car harness. The wireless transmitter sends the signal through the router, the measurement box receives the data and restores the data to the measurement end. Up to 40 student terminals can receive data for measurement at the same time.

[0050] The embodiments of the present invention also solve the problems of low efficiency and large detection errors in fault detection of new energy vehicles in the prior art. By setting a protection circuit, the stability of system detection is improved. By collecting real vehicle engine, motor, battery-related data, and body self-inspection data, fault diagnosis is performed, and fault area information is provided. The fault information is synchronized to each remote interaction module and fault detection sub-control module, and trainees perform fault detection and judgment in the fault detection sub-control module, thereby improving the efficiency and accuracy of detection training.

[0051] The main parameters of the various specific devices, circuits, etc. used in the embodiments of the present invention are as follows: 1. The front-end of automobile data acquisition uses STM32F407 chip for signal processor data acquisition. The signal at each end uses optocoupler isolation technology for data isolation to prevent the collected data from affecting the normal data work of the original vehicle.

[0052] 2. The automotive data acquisition front-end uses the SCA7606 automotive-grade chip for ADC conversion, with an accuracy of up to 16 bits and synchronous analog sampling. It integrates an 8-channel high-input impedance analog front-end and a high-precision on-chip reference voltage source.

[0053] 3. The automotive data acquisition front-end uses the 8255A automotive-grade chip for data tracking and isolated sampling. The maximum offset voltage is 25uV, and the response time is 0.7us.

[0054] 4. The automotive data acquisition front-end uses the DG408 automotive-grade switching chip to convert data channels, with a leakage voltage of 10uV.

[0055] 5. The wireless transmission of the automotive data acquisition front-end is automatic frequency hopping, full-duplex, high-speed transparent transmission, and a high-power module. The communication method is: GFSK, the operating frequency band is 2.4G, the SMAK interface, two-way simultaneous transmission and reception, automatic frequency modulation, strong anti-interference ability, and automatic retransmission function for lost data. The transmission distance can reach 1KM.

[0056] 6. The fault detection training host has 485 communication function and can be connected to the teacher's computer, which is convenient for the teacher to monitor and control the data sent and received, control the switching of the sending and receiving channels, and can independently control the voltage data sending, data change, data addition of each channel, and display data synchronously with students.

[0057] 7. The fault detection training host has a built-in power switch, which can turn on and off the power, working indicator light, data sending light (the light will flash when sending data), and charging indicator light (the light will light up when charging and go out when fully charged) with one click.

[0058] 8. The fault detection training host can be equipped with an optional built-in battery, eliminating the need for an external power supply and facilitating device use. The operating voltage is 24V.

[0059] 9. The built-in sending baseboard of the fault detection training host is connected to the acquisition mainboard, and the external TE connector is used to connect the vehicle signal. It adopts a 4-layer board process, mechanical integration production, and double-sided component welding to reduce the failure rate.

[0060] 10. Each trainee interactive terminal uses the STM32F407 chip for signal processing and data restoration. Each end of the signal uses an isolation chip to prevent data interference and has high impedance.

[0061] 11. Each trainee interactive terminal uses a 5614 automotive-grade DAC chip for data conversion, converting digital signals into analog signals with 12-bit accuracy and four-channel output.

[0062] 12. Each trainee interactive terminal uses an 8255B automotive-grade chip for data isolation and restoration. The restoration voltage accuracy is 100mv, the maximum offset voltage is 25uV, and the response time is 0.7us. 13. Each trainee interactive terminal is an automatic frequency hopping, full-duplex, high-speed transparent transmission, high-power module. The communication method is: GFSK, the working frequency band is 2.4G, the SMAK interface, two-way simultaneous transmission and reception, automatic frequency modulation, strong anti-interference ability, and automatic retransmission function for lost data. The receiving distance can reach 1KM. 14. The 485 module of each training student's interactive terminal can communicate with the 10-inch serial port screen, can be linked with the screen to control the screen display, switch circuits and other functions, and can also be connected to the computer to send the received data to the PC for display on the student-side software.

[0063] 15. Each trainee interactive terminal can be equipped with a built-in battery with an operating voltage of 24V. It can be used for more than 5 hours on a single charge, meeting the training time requirements.

[0064] 16. Each trainee interactive terminal has a built-in power switch, which can turn on and off the power, working indicator light, data sending light (the light will flash when sending data), and charging indicator light (the light will light up when charging and go out when fully charged) with one button.

[0065] 17. The receiving baseboard of each trainee interactive terminal is connected to the receiving main board. There are 80 measuring holes on the baseboard for easy insertion of multimeter probes. It adopts galvanized oxidation process for durability, 4-layer board process, mechanical integration production, and double-sided component welding to reduce the failure rate.

[0066] 18. Each trainee's interactive terminal can restore data from 76 channels simultaneously. Each voltage can be tested with a multimeter, and the restoration accuracy is within 100mV compared to the original vehicle.

[0067] 19. Each training student interactive terminal has a compact appearance and can be placed on each student's desk; in the same scenario, up to 40 student receiving terminals can generally be configured.

[0068] 20. The fault detection training host software adopts existing technology software, including circuit diagrams of various systems, which is convenient for teachers to call teaching, fault setting interface, remote management and other functions.

[0069] 21. Each fault detection training host can use wireless communication, and the remote interactive module interface will display the signal voltage of each line on the corresponding circuit diagram.

[0070] 22. Management teachers can log in to the cloud server or fault detection training host to enter the fault setting function. Under this function, all schematic diagrams will not display measurement points, and a green fault setting button will be displayed on the lines that support fault generation. Click the fault button to set the status of the line.

[0071] The above embodiments describe only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. In other embodiments, within the scope of the present invention, the technical effects recorded in the present invention can be achieved by selecting other similar systems, modules, structures, steps, parameters, etc., so they are no longer listed one by one. At the same time, based on the above embodiments of the present invention, all other changes or modifications obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the claims of this application.

Claims

1. A multi-mode practical teaching method for new energy vehicle fault detection, characterized in that: The steps include: S1. Deploy a real-time multi-mode training system S1-1 first deploys a real-time multi-modal training and teaching system to simultaneously support real-time multi-modal training and teaching for any number of people in one vehicle; Deployment of a multi-mode training and teaching system includes: cloud servers, new energy vehicles, vehicle data acquisition front-end devices, fault detection training hosts, multiple on-site trainee interactive terminals, multiple near-field trainee interactive terminals, and multiple remote trainee interactive terminals, all interconnected and communicating via cables, the Internet of Things, or the Internet; The teaching modes of the real-time multi-mode training teaching system include: on-site training teaching mode in the training workshop, near-field training teaching mode in the training workshop, centralized training teaching mode in the remote classroom, and remote distributed individual training teaching mode; S1-2: Install the vehicle data acquisition front-end machine to the connector port of the external new energy vehicle controller, and electrically connect the vehicle data acquisition front-end machine to the terminal posts inside the connector port of the external vehicle controller; after the vehicle data acquisition front-end machine is operating normally, debug and configure the communication between the fault detection training host and the vehicle data acquisition front-end machine to achieve normal transmission of collected data; the vehicle data acquisition front-end machine detects the data through a detection circuit, generates detection data, and transmits the detection data to the fault detection training host; S2. Obtaining test data of new energy vehicles S2-1: Detection data acquisition After the vehicle data acquisition front-end machine generates the detection data, the fault detection training host communicates with the vehicle data acquisition front-end machine and transmits the detection data to the fault detection training host; the fault detection training host obtains the detection data from the vehicle data acquisition front-end machine and stores it; S2-2: Detection data verification Verify the acquired detection data with the original data stored in the fault detection training host, where the original data is the detection data when the external vehicle controller is working normally; if there is an abnormality in the preliminary detection data, mark the abnormal part of the data as abnormal data, confirm and store the abnormal data; S3. Generation of training data for new energy vehicle fault detection S3-1 New Energy Vehicle Fault Settings The fault setting box is electrically connected to the PLC controller, and has multiple circuits built into it, each of which matches the terminal of the connector port of the external vehicle controller; each of the circuits is connected in series with a programmable switch, which controls the on and off of the circuit; each programmable switch is electrically connected to the PLC controller, and the PLC controller can control the state of each programmable switch according to the setting, thereby setting the on and off of multiple circuits; S3-2. Generation of Detection Status Training Data The PLC controller obtains the abnormal data in step S3 and combines it with the on / off status set in step S4 to generate and store detection status data; S4. Interactive training on new energy vehicle fault detection S4-1, Synchronous detection status data and remote interaction module The fault detection training host synchronizes the detection status data to the trainee interactive terminals at each end, and synchronizes the terminal indication diagram of the corresponding external vehicle controller connector port to the remote interaction module; the terminal trainees perform data detection on the terminal terminals of the trainee interactive terminals at each end according to the instructions on the remote interaction module interface; S4-2. Upload the test results of trainees Terminal trainees conduct fault detection and judgment training according to the instructions on the remote interactive module interface, and submit their self-judgment detection result data to the fault detection training host through the trainee interactive terminal at each end, or directly submit it to the cloud server through the network, and then wait for the fault detection training host or cloud server to judge and provide feedback on the trainee's detection training operation results; S5. Interactive training management of new energy vehicle fault detection S5-1 Training Operation Process Feedback The fault detection training host or cloud server will judge and feedback the detection results, and upload the result data of whether the training operation corresponding to each student terminal is correct to the cloud server; S5-2 Training Results Management The cloud server has a built-in program that maps the practical training operation process corresponding to each student's terminal to the student's account, and distributes it to each student through the fault detection training host and the student interactive terminals at each end, prompting them to correct incorrect operations. Finally, the cloud server's built-in program summarizes and records the practical training operation process of each student and gives corresponding grades.

2. The new energy vehicle remote training teaching fault detection method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: In the step S1-1, the structures of the on-site trainee interactive terminal, the near-field trainee interactive terminal, and the remote trainee interactive terminal are the same, and all include: a remote interaction module and a fault detection sub-control module; New energy vehicles, vehicle data acquisition front-ends, fault detection training hosts, and multiple on-site trainee interactive terminals are deployed at the training workshop site. The fault detection training hosts have built-in communication interface terminal arrangement diagrams for multiple vehicle controllers of various new energy vehicles. The communication interface terminal arrangement diagrams include: ECU location, line data for each ECU plug-in interface, line interface data for the fuse relay box, start button, instrument, diagnostic port, and decoder data. Multiple on-site training student interactive terminals use WIFI or Bluetooth to communicate with the fault detection training host; the fault detection training host includes: PLC controller, WIFI module, Bluetooth module, RF transceiver module, and teaching interaction module; Multiple near-field training student interactive terminals are deployed near the training workshop and use RF communication to communicate with the fault detection training host; The cloud server and multiple interactive terminals for remote training students are all remotely deployed. The cloud server communicates with the fault detection training host through the network, and multiple interactive terminals for remote training students communicate with the cloud server through the network. The cloud server has a built-in new energy vehicle fault detection training and teaching control program; Before testing the on-site trainee interactive terminal, near-field trainee interactive terminal, and remote trainee interactive terminal, the remote interaction module will receive multimedia testing guidelines sent by each training teaching mode. The multimedia testing guidelines include: one or more of interactive content interface, video, audio, picture, and text.

3. The fault detection method for remote training of new energy vehicles according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The step S2 further comprises the following steps: S2-3. Obtaining detection data wirelessly Switch the RF transceiver module of the fault detection training host to the specified frequency band. The fault detection training host can receive the RF signal transmitted by the car data acquisition front-end machine in the same frequency band. The PLC controller processes and identifies the model of the car controller and stores the detection data. S2-4. Obtaining test data by wired method Connect one end of the car controller cable to the connector port of the car data acquisition front-end machine, and the other end to the fault detection training host; In the case of abnormal detection data obtained wirelessly: when the fault detection training host fails to communicate with the vehicle data acquisition front-end machine repeatedly, the PLC controller reads the communication data of the vehicle data acquisition front-end machine through the vehicle controller connection line, processes and identifies the model of the vehicle controller, and stores the detection data.

4. The new energy vehicle remote training teaching fault detection method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The step S3 further comprises the following steps: S3-3, Automatic data verification The PLC controller compares and analyzes the acquired detection data with the original data stored in the fault detection training host. If there is a difference, the PLC controller will mark the data as abnormal data and mark the abnormal terminal serial number; S3-4, data line data verification According to the abnormal terminal serial number prompted in step S2-4, the terminal is manually measured on the detection panel of the vehicle data acquisition front-end device, and the data is manually corrected after measurement, and the abnormal terminal serial number is marked; S3-5. Data Confirmation The serial numbers of the connection terminals marked as abnormal in steps S3-3 and S3-4 are confirmed and stored.

5. The new energy vehicle remote training teaching fault detection method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The step S4 further comprises the following steps: S4-3. Detection status data synchronization The PLC controller reads the detection status data and remotely synchronizes the detection status data to multiple interactive terminals of trainees at each end; The trainee interactive terminal at each end includes a single chip microcomputer, a plurality of connection terminals and connection terminal serial numbers that match the connector ports of the external vehicle controller; The single chip computer sets the static or dynamic signals of the matched multiple nodes to the designated wiring terminals according to the received detection status data; S4-4, Synchronous Remote Interaction Module The PLC controller synchronizes the terminal indication diagram of the connector port of the matching vehicle controller to the remote interaction module, and the remote interaction module interface displays the terminal indication diagram of the connector port of the corresponding external vehicle controller.

6. The new energy vehicle remote training teaching fault detection method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The step S5 further comprises the following steps: S5-3. Submission of test results Terminal trainees test each terminal on each terminal according to the multimedia test instructions of the remote interaction module, and record the test results in the designated location of the remote interaction module. After all tests are completed, the remote interaction module submits the data to the fault detection training host or cloud server. S5-4. Test result judgment and feedback After receiving the detection results submitted by the remote interaction module, the fault detection training host or cloud server makes a judgment and displays the judgment results to the remote interaction module; The incorrect test results are fed back to the remote interaction module, prompting the terminal trainees to retest.

7. A new energy vehicle real vehicle signal acquisition fault detection system, characterized in that: The multi-mode practical training teaching method for implementing the new energy vehicle fault detection according to any one of claims 1 to 6 comprises: Cloud servers, new energy vehicles, cloud servers, new energy vehicles, vehicle data acquisition front-end machines, fault detection training hosts, multiple on-site trainee interactive terminals, multiple near-field trainee interactive terminals, and multiple remote trainee interactive terminals; Among them, the structures of the on-site trainee interactive terminal, the near-field trainee interactive terminal, and the remote trainee interactive terminal are all the same, and all include: a remote interaction module and a fault detection sub-control module; New energy vehicles, vehicle data acquisition front-ends, fault detection training hosts, and multiple on-site trainee interactive terminals are deployed at the training workshop site; multiple on-site trainee interactive terminals use WIFI or Bluetooth to communicate with the fault detection training host; the fault detection training host includes: PLC controller, WIFI module, Bluetooth module, RF transceiver module, and teaching interaction module.

8. The new energy vehicle remote training teaching fault detection system according to claim 7 is characterized in that: The radio frequency transceiver module is capable of receiving and transmitting radio frequency signals of multiple specified frequency bands; The PLC controller includes a network adapter; the network controller is connected to a wired or wireless network; The fault detection training host also includes: a car controller connection line; one end of the car controller connection line is connected to the connector port of the car data acquisition front-end machine, and the other end is connected to the input interface of the fault detection training host; the fault detection training host communicates with the car data acquisition front-end machine through the car controller connection line to achieve detection data acquisition and verification; and controls the fault setting box to perform fault setting. The fault detection training host synchronizes the detection data to the interactive terminals of the trainees at each end through radio frequency signals; Multiple near-field training student interactive terminals are deployed near the training workshop and use RF communication to communicate with the fault detection training host; The cloud server and multiple interactive terminals for remote training students are all remotely deployed. The cloud server communicates with the fault detection training host through the network, and multiple interactive terminals for remote training students communicate with the cloud server through the network. The cloud server has a built-in new energy vehicle fault detection training and teaching control program; The teaching modes of the real-time multi-mode training teaching system include: on-site training teaching mode in the training workshop, near-field training teaching mode in the training workshop, centralized training teaching mode in the remote classroom, and remote distributed individual training teaching mode; Before the on-site training student interactive terminal, the near-field training student interactive terminal, and the remote training student interactive terminal are tested, the remote interaction module will receive multimedia testing instructions sent by each training teaching mode, and the multimedia testing instructions include: one or more of interactive content interface, video, audio, picture, and text; The automobile controller connection line includes multiple wiring harnesses; the fault setting box includes multiple wiring terminals and multiple program-controlled switches matching the wiring terminals, each of the program-controlled switches is electrically connected to the PLC controller; the PLC controller can be set to at least one fault point; The fault detection training host has a built-in communication interface terminal arrangement diagram of multiple vehicle controllers of various new energy vehicles; the communication interface terminal arrangement diagram includes: ECU location, each ECU plug interface line data, fuse relay box line interface data, start button, instrument, diagnostic port, decoder data; The fault detection training host can display the interface corresponding to each trainee interactive terminal through virtual simulation and perform actual detection; and receive the detection results submitted by each trainee interactive terminal and make a result judgment; The automobile data acquisition front-end device includes: a radio frequency transmission module, a detection panel, and a data collector connected in sequence; The automobile data acquisition front-end is electrically connected to the external automobile controller connector port; The RF transmitter module can transmit RF signals of a specified frequency band; the RF transceiver module transmits the detection data to the fault detection training host; The detection panel includes a plurality of wiring terminals, each of which corresponds to a connector port of a vehicle controller; the data collector is powered by a 12V or 5V power supply provided by the connector port of each vehicle controller, and the data acquisition requires signal optical coupling isolation or voltage transformer isolation; The data collector also includes a detection circuit and a protection circuit; the protection circuit is arranged at the front end of the detection circuit; the fault detection training host includes a radio frequency receiving module, a plurality of detection signal terminals, and a single chip microcomputer that are matched with the radio frequency transceiver module and electrically connected in sequence, and the radio frequency receiving module can receive radio frequency signals of a frequency band specified by the fault detection training host; the single chip microcomputer is provided with static or dynamic signals of multiple nodes; The automobile data acquisition front-end also includes a ground connection line with one end connected to the protection circuit R66 and the other end connected to the negative electrode of the external automobile battery; the detection circuit includes: a collector chip, and the acquisition chip model is: SCA7606.

9. The new energy vehicle remote training teaching fault detection system according to claim 7 is characterized in that: The protection circuit includes: an input terminal INN0_0, an operational amplifier U18A, an operational amplifier U18B, resistors Ri1, R67, R72, and R66; the input terminal INN0_0 is electrically connected to a terminal corresponding to a port of an external vehicle controller connector, resistor Ri1 is electrically connected to pin 3 of the operational amplifier U18A, pins 1 and 2 of the operational amplifier U18A are electrically connected, pin 1 of the operational amplifier U18A is connected in series with resistor R67 and then to pin 5 of the operational amplifier U18B; pins 6 and 7 of the operational amplifier U18B are electrically connected; pin 7 of the operational amplifier U18B is connected in series with resistor R72 and then to a detection circuit; one end of the resistor R66 is grounded, and the other end is connected in series with resistor Ri1; The protection circuit also includes: capacitor C146, resistor R68, diode D1, and resistor R75; capacitor C146, resistor R68, and diode D1 are connected in parallel between the resistor Ri1 and pin 3 of the operational amplifier U18A, one end of the capacitor C146 is connected to the resistor Ri1, and the other end is grounded; one end of the resistor R68 is connected to the resistor Ri1, and the other end is grounded; the positive electrode of the diode D1 is grounded, and the negative electrode is connected to the resistor Ri1; one end of the resistor R75 is grounded, and the other end is connected to the resistor R67 and pin 5 of the operational amplifier U18B.

10. The new energy vehicle remote training teaching fault detection system according to claim 7 is characterized in that: The remote interaction module includes a touch screen and a communication module; the remote interaction module is electrically connected to the fault detection training host through the communication module; the touch screen can control the fault detection training host to switch the vehicle controller to be tested; after the vehicle controller is switched, the PLC controller of the fault detection training host is activated to control the radio frequency transceiver module to switch to another frequency band to receive detection data from the trainee interaction terminals at other ends; the touch screen correspondingly displays the terminal arrangement diagram that matches the communication interface of the current vehicle controller; The virtual simulation can display the interface of the corresponding automobile controller and input the results and submit them to the fault detection training host for judgment.

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