A relay

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of relays, it is related to relay technical field, including shell, contact mechanism and electromagnet, the contact mechanism includes movable contact and static contact, further include: executive component, it includes multiple with corresponding the static contact connection first connecting sheet, for driving the opening and closing of static contact and movable contact, protection component, it includes the fixed connection of first connecting sheet with positioning cylinder, the positioning cylinder is slidably connected with the fixed connection of static contact with positioning rod, when static contact and movable contact are closed and temperature is in temperature threshold range, static contact moves to the direction of movable contact, when temperature exceeds temperature threshold, static contact moves to the direction of away from movable contact and carries out short-circuit protection, limiting component, it is arranged between the shell and positioning rod, for control the one-way sliding of positioning rod;The application is disconnected automatically when short-circuit, and improve the stability of contact contact.

Description

A relay Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of relay technology, and in particular to a relay. Background Technology

[0002] Relays, a key component in electrical engineering, are renowned for their unique ability to control high-power circuits with low-power signals. Their core components include a coil, an iron core, and contacts. When current flows through the coil, the resulting magnetic field attracts the iron core, changing the connection state of the contacts and achieving precise on / off control of the circuit. Relays play a crucial role in automation control and electrical protection; they not only isolate high voltages but also enable remote control, significantly improving system safety.

[0003] However, a significant drawback of existing relay designs is their lack of automatic protection under short-circuit conditions. When a relay overheats, suffers from insufficient heat dissipation, or operates under high load for extended periods, the moving and stationary contacts may stick together due to overheating, causing the contacts to remain closed and unable to disconnect properly. This not only increases the risk of a short circuit but may also lead to more serious faults in the circuit. Once a short circuit occurs, the rapid increase in current will cause the relay contacts to bear excessive current, and the overload condition will quickly generate a large amount of heat, potentially leading to relay burnout or even a safety accident. Furthermore, wear and tear on the contacts during long-term use, coupled with the relay's operation in a vibrating environment, can easily result in poor contact at the contact points.

[0004] Therefore, a relay capable of short-circuit protection is invented to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The main objective of this invention is to provide a relay that can effectively solve the technical problems in the background art.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: a relay, comprising a housing, a contact mechanism, and an electromagnet, wherein the contact mechanism includes a moving contact and a stationary contact, and further comprises:

[0007] An actuating component includes a plurality of first connecting pieces connected to the corresponding stationary contacts for driving the opening and closing of the stationary contacts and the moving contacts;

[0008] The protection component includes a positioning cylinder fixedly connected to the first connecting piece, and a positioning rod fixedly connected to the stationary contact is slidably connected inside the positioning cylinder. When the stationary contact and the moving contact are closed and the temperature is within the temperature threshold range, the stationary contact moves toward the moving contact. When the temperature exceeds the temperature threshold, the stationary contact moves away from the moving contact to provide short-circuit protection.

[0009] A limiting component is disposed between the housing and the positioning rod to control the positioning rod to slide in one direction.

[0010] Preferably, the actuating component includes a support frame located within the housing, an armature hinged to the support frame, a second connecting piece connected to the armature between the first connecting pieces, the second connecting piece being fixedly connected to the moving contact, and the end of the armature away from the moving contact being connected to the housing via a first elastic member.

[0011] Preferably, the protection component includes a positioning plate slidably connected to the positioning cylinder, the positioning plate being fixedly connected to the positioning rod, the positioning rod including an inner rod and an outer tube being slidably connected, an adjusting plate being fixed on the inner rod, and the positioning plate being fixedly connected to the outer tube.

[0012] Preferably, the positioning cylinder is filled with thermally expanding gas located between the positioning plate and the adjusting plate, and the end of the positioning plate away from the stationary contact is connected to the positioning cylinder through a second elastic element.

[0013] Preferably, when the expansion force of the thermally expanding gas is less than the elastic force of the second elastic element, the expansion of the thermally expanding gas pushes the adjusting plate to slide towards the moving contact, and the stationary contact and the moving contact are in close contact.

[0014] Preferably, when the expansion force of the thermally expanding gas is greater than the elastic force of the second elastic element, the expansion of the thermally expanding gas pushes the positioning plate to slide away from the moving contact, causing the stationary contact and the moving contact to separate.

[0015] Preferably, a positioning ring is fixed inside the positioning cylinder between the adjusting plate and the stationary contact, and a third elastic element is provided between the positioning ring and the adjusting plate to limit the sliding distance of the adjusting plate.

[0016] Preferably, a heat-conducting sheet is fixed at one end of the adjustment plate near the stationary contact point to guide the rapid transfer of heat.

[0017] Preferably, the limiting component includes a ratchet fixedly connected to the positioning rod and located outside the positioning cylinder, a rotating shaft is rotatably connected inside the housing, a plurality of pawls that mesh with the ratchet are fixed on the rotating shaft, and a torsion spring is sleeved on the rotating shaft.

[0018] Preferably, the end of the first connecting piece away from the stationary contact extends out of the housing for connecting the circuit.

[0019] The technical effects and advantages of this invention are as follows:

[0020] This invention utilizes the linkage of thermally expanding gas, an adjusting plate, a positioning rod, and the positioning plate. When the temperatures at the stationary and moving contacts are within a certain temperature threshold, the thermally expanding gas, under the influence of temperature, can drive the stationary contact to move slightly towards the moving contact via the adjusting plate and positioning rod. This ensures tight contact between the stationary and moving contacts even in environments with wear or vibration, preventing poor contact and thus extending their service life. Furthermore, in the event of a rapid temperature increase or short circuit, the thermally expanding gas, via the positioning plate and positioning rod, quickly disconnects the stationary contact from the moving contact, providing automatic disconnection protection during short circuits. This rapid response effectively ensures the safety of the equipment during use. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention after the shell is removed;

[0024] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the protective component in this invention;

[0025] Figure 5 is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the protective component in this invention;

[0026] Figure 6 is an exploded view of the protective component structure in this invention;

[0027] In the diagram: 1. Housing; 2. Contact mechanism; 201. Moving contact; 202. Stationary contact; 3. Electromagnet;

[0028] 4. Actuating components; 401. First connecting piece; 402. Support frame; 403. Armature; 404. Second connecting piece; 405. First elastic element;

[0029] 5. Protective components; 501. Positioning cylinder; 502. Positioning rod; 5021. Inner rod; 5022. Outer tube; 503. Positioning plate; 504. Adjusting plate; 505. Thermal expansion gas; 506. Second elastic element; 507. Positioning ring; 508. Third elastic element; 509. Heat-conducting plate;

[0030] 6. Limiting components; 601. Ratchet; 602. Rotary shaft; 603. Pawl; 604. Torsion spring. Detailed Implementation

[0031] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0032] Example 1

[0033] As shown in Figures 1 and 2, this embodiment provides a relay, including a housing 1, a contact mechanism 2, and an electromagnet 3. The contact mechanism 2 includes a moving contact 201 and a stationary contact 202, and further includes:

[0034] The actuating component 4 includes a plurality of first connecting pieces 401 connected to corresponding stationary contacts 202 for driving the opening and closing of the stationary contacts 202 and the moving contacts 201; the actuating component 4 includes a support frame 402 located inside the housing 1, an armature 403 is hinged on the support frame 402, and a second connecting piece 404 located between the first connecting pieces 401 is connected to the armature 403. The second connecting piece 404 is fixedly connected to the moving contact 201, and one end of the armature 403 away from the moving contact 201 is connected to the housing 1 through a first elastic member 405.

[0035] The end of the first connecting piece 401 away from the stationary contact 202 extends out of the housing 1 for connecting the circuit.

[0036] In actual use, electromagnet 3 is first energized, causing it to generate a magnetic force that attracts armature 403. Armature 403 swings along support frame 402 toward electromagnet 3, stretching the first elastic element 405. This causes armature 403 to drive moving contact 201 to contact stationary contact 202 via second connecting piece 404, thus forming a circuit. When electromagnet 3 is no longer energized, the first elastic element 405 causes armature 403 to swing back to its initial position along support frame 402. This causes the second connecting piece 404 to drive moving contact 201 to contact stationary contact 202, which is away from electromagnet 3. At this time, the circuit is in a normally closed, non-energized working state, which facilitates better protection of the circuit.

[0037] Example 2

[0038] During use, it was found that during the contact between the stationary contact 202 and the moving contact 201, the moving contact 201 and the stationary contact 202 may experience varying degrees of wear. In a vibrating working environment, this can easily lead to poor contact between the moving contact 201 and the stationary contact 202. Furthermore, when the circuit temperature is too high or a short circuit occurs, the temperature at the moving contact 201 and the stationary contact 202 may become too high. Since the moving contact 201 and the stationary contact 202 do not have any overload or short circuit protection, this can easily lead to overheating or even fire. Therefore, further improvements have been made based on the above embodiments.

[0039] As shown in Figures 3 to 6, the protection component 5 includes a positioning cylinder 501 fixedly connected to the first connecting piece 401. A positioning rod 502 fixedly connected to the stationary contact 202 is slidably connected inside the positioning cylinder 501. When the stationary contact 202 and the moving contact 201 are closed and the temperature is within the temperature threshold range, the stationary contact 202 moves toward the moving contact 201. When the temperature exceeds the temperature threshold, the stationary contact 202 moves away from the moving contact 201 to provide short-circuit protection.

[0040] The protective component 5 includes a positioning plate 503 that is slidably connected to the positioning cylinder 501. The positioning plate 503 is fixedly connected to the positioning rod 502. The positioning rod 502 includes an inner rod 5021 and an outer tube 5022. The inner rod 5021 and the outer tube 5022 are slidably connected. An adjusting plate 504 is fixed on the inner rod 5021. The positioning plate 503 is fixedly connected to the outer tube 5022.

[0041] The positioning cylinder 501 is filled with thermally expanding gas 505 located between the positioning plate 503 and the adjusting plate 504. The end of the positioning plate 503 away from the stationary contact 202 is connected to the positioning cylinder 501 through the second elastic element 506.

[0042] When the expansion force of the thermal expansion gas 505 is less than the elastic force of the second elastic element 506, the thermal expansion gas 505 expands and pushes the adjusting plate 504 to slide towards the moving contact 201, and the stationary contact 202 and the moving contact 201 are in close contact.

[0043] When the expansion force of the thermal expansion gas 505 is greater than the elastic force of the second elastic element 506, the thermal expansion gas 505 expands and pushes the positioning plate 503 to slide away from the moving contact 201, causing the stationary contact 202 and the moving contact 201 to separate.

[0044] A positioning ring 507 is fixed inside the positioning cylinder 501, located between the adjusting plate 504 and the stationary contact 202. A third elastic element 508 is provided between the positioning ring 507 and the adjusting plate 504 to limit the sliding distance of the adjusting plate 504.

[0045] A heat-conducting plate 509 is fixed to one end of the adjusting plate 504 near the stationary contact 202 to guide the rapid transfer of heat.

[0046] In actual use, when the moving contact 201 and the stationary contact 202 are in closed contact and working, a certain amount of heat is generated. At this time, the heat is transferred to the thermal expansion gas 505 through the stationary contact 202 and the heat-conducting plate 509. The thermal expansion gas 505 expands due to heat and its volume increases. Since the temperature change is within the temperature threshold, the expansion force of the thermal expansion gas 505 is less than the elastic force of the second elastic element 506 and greater than the elastic force of the third elastic element 508. At this time, the thermal expansion gas 505 drives the inner rod 5021 to slide along the outer tube 5022 through the adjusting plate 504. The third elastic element 508 is compressed. The inner rod 5021 drives the stationary contact 202 to move along the first connecting piece 401 towards the moving contact 201, so that the stationary contact 202 can make closer contact with the moving contact 201 and avoid poor contact.

[0047] When a short circuit or a sharp temperature rise occurs, the temperatures at the moving contact 201 and the stationary contact 202 increase rapidly. The temperature at the stationary contact 202 is transferred to the thermal expansion gas 505 through the positioning cylinder 501. A heat-conducting plate 509 is provided on the adjusting plate 504, enabling rapid heat transfer and accelerating the response speed. Due to the rapid temperature rise, the expansion rate of the thermal expansion gas 505 increases. Furthermore, because the adjusting plate 504 will not slide again under the constraint of the positioning ring 507, and the expansion force of the thermal expansion gas 505 is greater than that of the second elastic element 506... The elastic force of the gas 505 causes the thermal expansion gas 505 to push the positioning plate 503 to slide along the positioning cylinder 501 away from the stationary contact 202. The positioning plate 503 drives the stationary contact 202 to move away from the moving contact 201 through the positioning rod 502, so that the stationary contact 202 is separated from the moving contact 201, thereby making the stationary contact 202 and the moving contact 201 quickly disconnect. Even when the electromagnet 3 is still energized, the stationary contact 202 and the moving contact 201 can be quickly separated, ensuring a better anti-short circuit effect in the event of a short circuit.

[0048] In summary, through the coordinated setup of the thermal expansion gas 505, the adjusting plate 504, the positioning rod 502, and the positioning plate 503, and when the temperatures at the stationary contact 202 and the moving contact 201 are within the temperature threshold, the thermal expansion gas 505, under the influence of temperature, can drive the stationary contact 202 to move slightly towards the moving contact 201 via the adjusting plate 504 and the positioning rod 502. This ensures tight contact between the stationary contact 202 and the moving contact 201 in environments with wear or vibration, preventing poor contact and thus improving the service life of the stationary contact 202 and the moving contact 201. Furthermore, in the event of a rapid temperature increase or short circuit, the thermal expansion gas 505, through the positioning plate 503 and the positioning rod 502, causes the stationary contact 202 to quickly detach from the moving contact 201, providing automatic disconnection protection during short circuits. This rapid response effectively ensures the safety of the equipment during use.

[0049] Example 3

[0050] During use, it was also found that when the stationary contact 202 is separated from the moving contact 201 under the action of the thermal expansion gas 505, and the thermal expansion gas 505 dissipates heat and stops expanding, the stationary contact 202 will automatically reset. If the short circuit problem is not resolved at this time, a safety hazard will occur. Therefore, further improvements were made based on the above embodiments.

[0051] As shown in Figure 4, the limiting component 6 is disposed between the housing 1 and the positioning rod 502 and is used to control the positioning rod 502 to slide in one direction. The limiting component 6 includes a ratchet 601 fixedly connected to the positioning rod 502 and located outside the positioning cylinder 501. A rotating shaft 602 is rotatably connected inside the housing 1. Multiple pawls 603 that mesh with the ratchet 601 are fixed on the rotating shaft 602. A torsion spring 604 is sleeved on the rotating shaft 602.

[0052] In actual use, when the positioning rod 502 slides with the positioning plate 503 away from the stationary contact point 202, it should be noted that the positioning rod 502 passes through the positioning plate 503 and the positioning cylinder 501 in sequence, and the inner rod 5021 slides a limited distance along the outer tube 5022. At this time, the positioning rod 502 drives the ratchet 601 to move away from the stationary contact point 202, and under the action of the ratchet 603, the positioning rod 502 can only move unidirectionally away from the stationary contact point 202. Furthermore, when the thermally expanded gas 505 dissipates heat, the positioning rod 502 will not reset itself. After the circuit is repaired, the shaft 602 is manually rotated, the torsion spring 604 is wound up, and the shaft 602 causes the pawl 603 to no longer engage with the ratchet 601. At this time, under the action of the second elastic element 506, the positioning plate 503 is reset by the positioning rod 502, causing the stationary contact 202 to reset itself. Then the shaft 602 is no longer rotated, and the shaft 602 causes the pawl 603 to engage with the ratchet 601 again.

[0053] In summary, the arrangement of the ratchet 601, pawl 603, and rotating shaft 602 allows the positioning rod 502 to slide in one direction. This prevents the positioning rod 502 from automatically resetting the stationary contact 202 after the thermal expansion gas 505 dissipates, thus avoiding safety issues. Furthermore, manual verification is required before the pawl 603 and ratchet 601 are disengaged via the rotating shaft 602, allowing the stationary contact 202 to reset automatically, ensuring safety during circuit maintenance.

[0054] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The embodiments and descriptions in the specification are merely illustrative of the principles of the invention. Various changes and modifications can be made to the invention without departing from its spirit and scope, and all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the present invention as claimed. The scope of protection of this invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A relay, comprising a housing, a contact mechanism, and an electromagnet, wherein the contact mechanism includes a moving contact and a stationary contact, characterized in that, It also includes: an execution component comprising a plurality of first connecting pieces connected to the corresponding stationary contacts for driving the opening and closing of the stationary and moving contacts; a protection component comprising a positioning cylinder fixedly connected to the first connecting pieces, wherein a positioning rod fixedly connected to the stationary contact is slidably connected within the positioning cylinder; when the stationary and moving contacts are closed and the temperature is within a temperature threshold range, the stationary contact moves toward the moving contact; when the temperature exceeds the temperature threshold, the stationary contact moves away from the moving contact for short-circuit protection; the protection component includes a positioning plate slidably connected to the positioning cylinder, the positioning plate being fixedly connected to the positioning rod; the positioning rod comprising an inner rod and an outer tube, the inner rod and the outer tube being slidably connected; an adjusting plate being fixedly mounted on the inner rod; the positioning plate being fixedly connected to the outer tube; and the positioning cylinder being filled with a substance located between the positioning plate and the adjusting plate. A thermally expanding gas is used. The end of the positioning plate away from the stationary contact is connected to the positioning cylinder via a second elastic element. When the expansion force of the thermally expanding gas is less than the elastic force of the second elastic element, the thermally expanding gas pushes the adjusting plate to slide towards the moving contact, and the stationary contact and the moving contact are in close contact. When the expansion force of the thermally expanding gas is greater than the elastic force of the second elastic element, the thermally expanding gas pushes the positioning plate to slide away from the moving contact, causing the stationary contact and the moving contact to disengage. A limiting assembly is disposed between the housing and the positioning rod to control the positioning rod to slide in one direction. The limiting assembly includes a ratchet fixedly connected to the positioning rod and located outside the positioning cylinder. A rotating shaft is rotatably connected inside the housing. Multiple pawls that mesh with the ratchet are fixed on the rotating shaft. A torsion spring is sleeved on the rotating shaft.

2. A relay according to claim 1, characterized in that: The actuating component includes a support frame located within the housing, an armature hinged to the support frame, a second connecting piece connected to the armature between the first connecting pieces, the second connecting piece being fixedly connected to the moving contact, and the end of the armature away from the moving contact being connected to the housing via a first elastic member.

3. A relay according to claim 1, characterized in that: A positioning ring is fixed inside the positioning cylinder between the adjusting plate and the stationary contact. A third elastic element is provided between the positioning ring and the adjusting plate to limit the sliding distance of the adjusting plate.

4. A relay according to claim 1, characterized in that: A heat-conducting sheet is fixed to one end of the adjustment plate near the stationary contact point to guide the rapid transfer of heat.

5. A relay according to claim 1, characterized in that: The end of the first connecting piece away from the stationary contact extends out of the housing for connecting the circuit.

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