Control method of a thermal management system of an energy storage system and energy storage system

Abstract

The application relates to a control method of a thermal management system of an energy storage system and the energy storage system, belongs to the technical field of energy storage, and comprises a first liquid cooling unit and a second liquid cooling unit connected in parallel, and a first valve and a second valve, wherein the first liquid cooling unit and the second liquid cooling unit are connected in parallel with a plurality of battery clusters respectively. The control method of the thermal management system of the energy storage system comprises the following steps: when the maximum temperature t max of the current energy storage system battery cell is less than or equal to 25 DEG C, and when the maximum temperature difference t dmax of the current energy storage system battery cell is greater than or equal to 5 DEG C, the battery cluster where the maximum temperature battery cell is located is judged and positioned, each first valve is opened, the water pump of the first liquid cooling unit is controlled to work, the second valve connected with the battery cluster where the maximum temperature battery cell is located is opened, the second liquid cooling unit is operated at a power W, the thermal management system is in a single-machine adaptive refrigeration mode, the risk of over-temperature of other battery clusters except the battery cluster where the maximum temperature battery cell is located is reduced, and the temperature equalization of the energy storage system is realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of energy storage technology, and in particular to a control method for a thermal management system of an energy storage system and an energy storage system. Background Technology

[0002] In existing energy storage systems, a thermal management system and multiple battery packs are connected in series or parallel to an energy storage converter and other auxiliary facilities to form an independently operable assembly called a battery cluster. The thermal management system includes a liquid cooler, liquid cooling piping, and valves. The liquid cooler is connected to the liquid cooling piping, and each battery cluster is connected to the liquid cooling piping via a valve. Adjusting the opening of certain valves regulates the flow of coolant through different battery clusters, allowing the liquid cooler to rapidly cool specific clusters requiring rapid cooling. However, adjusting certain valves alters the flow of coolant through other unadjusted valves connected to other battery clusters, causing their temperatures to rise and resulting in significant temperature differences within the energy storage system. Summary of the Invention

[0003] This application provides a control method for the thermal management system of an energy storage system and an energy storage system, which are used to solve the problem of large temperature differences within the energy storage system.

[0004] The first aspect of this application provides a control method for a thermal management system of an energy storage system. The thermal management system includes at least: a first liquid cooler unit, a second liquid cooler unit, a plurality of liquid cooling pipelines, and a plurality of first valves and second valves. The first liquid cooler unit and the second liquid cooler unit are respectively connected in parallel with a plurality of battery clusters of the energy storage system through the plurality of liquid cooling pipelines. The first valve is connected between the inlet of the first liquid cooler unit and the inlet of the plurality of battery clusters of the energy storage system, and the second valve is connected between the second liquid cooler unit and another inlet of the plurality of battery clusters of the energy storage system. The first liquid cooler unit and the second liquid cooler unit are connected in parallel.

[0005] The control method for the thermal management system of the energy storage system includes at least the following steps:

[0006] Obtain the highest temperature t of the battery cells in the current energy storage system. max And determine the current state of the thermal management system;

[0007] Determine the highest temperature t of the battery cells in the current energy storage system. max Does it satisfy the condition: 25℃ < t max <37℃;

[0008] When the highest temperature t of the battery cell in the current energy storage system max Not satisfied: 25℃ < t maxWhen the temperature is <37℃, continue to determine the highest temperature t of the battery cell in the energy storage system. max Does it satisfy: t max ≤25℃;

[0009] When the highest temperature t of the battery cell in the current energy storage system max Calculate the maximum temperature difference t of the battery cells in the current energy storage system when the temperature is ≤25℃. dmax And determine the maximum temperature difference t of the cells in the current energy storage system. dmax Does it satisfy: t dmax <5℃;

[0010] When the maximum temperature difference t of the cells in the current energy storage system dmax When the temperature is ≥5℃, the battery cluster where the highest temperature cell in the energy storage system is located is identified and located. All first valves are opened, and the water pump of the first liquid cooling unit is controlled to work. At least the second valve connected to the battery cluster where the highest temperature cell is located is opened, and the second liquid cooling unit is operated at power W so that the thermal management system is in a single-unit adaptive cooling mode.

[0011] According to this scheme, the highest temperature t of the battery cells in the current energy storage system is... max ≤25℃, and the maximum temperature difference t of the cells in the current energy storage system dmax When the temperature is ≥5℃, the thermal management system is in a single-unit adaptive cooling mode. In this mode, the second valve connected to the battery cluster containing the highest-temperature cell is opened, and the compressors of the water pumps of the second liquid cooling unit are all working. This allows the second liquid cooling unit to operate at power W for cooling, thereby rapidly cooling the battery cluster containing the highest-temperature cell. This reduces the temperature difference between the battery cluster containing the highest-temperature cell and other battery clusters, keeping the energy storage system in optimal operating condition. At the same time, all first valves are opened, and the water pumps of the first liquid cooling unit are activated, ensuring that each battery cluster in the energy storage system receives coolant supplied by the first liquid cooling unit. This ensures that while accelerating the cooling of the battery cluster containing the highest-temperature cell, all other battery clusters receive coolant supplied by the first liquid cooling unit. This prevents excessive temperature fluctuations in other battery clusters except the one containing the highest-temperature cell, reducing the risk of overheating in these clusters and achieving rapid temperature equalization of the energy storage system.

[0012] In summary, the thermal management system operates in a stand-alone adaptive cooling mode, primarily used to reduce the temperature difference between battery clusters within the energy storage system. The system incorporates a first and second liquid cooling unit connected in parallel. The second unit can independently and rapidly cool the battery cluster containing the hottest cell. Simultaneously, the first liquid cooling unit provides coolant to all battery clusters within the energy storage system, achieving a relative balance between the flow rate through the battery cluster containing the hottest cell and other battery clusters. This means that opening the corresponding second valve will not affect the flow rate of coolant through other battery clusters besides the one containing the hottest cell, thus preventing excessive temperature fluctuations and enabling rapid and precise temperature equalization of the energy storage system's battery devices.

[0013] In this scheme, the control method of the thermal management system of the energy storage system further includes:

[0014] When the highest temperature t of the battery cell in the current energy storage system max Satisfy: 25℃ < t max When the temperature is <37℃, continue to determine the maximum temperature difference t of the cells in the current energy storage system. dmax Does it satisfy: t dmax <5℃;

[0015] When the maximum temperature difference t of the cells in the current energy storage system dmax When the temperature is ≥5℃, the battery cluster where the highest temperature cell is located is identified and located. All first valves are opened, and the water pumps and compressors of the first liquid cooling unit and the second liquid cooling unit are controlled to work. At least the second valve connected to the battery cluster where the highest temperature cell is located is opened. The first liquid cooling unit operates at power M, and the second liquid cooling unit operates at power W, so that the thermal management system is in a dual-machine adaptive cooling mode.

[0016] In this scheme, the control method of the thermal management system of the energy storage system further includes:

[0017] When the highest temperature t of the battery cell in the current energy storage system max Not satisfied: 25℃ < t max When the temperature is <37℃, continue to determine the highest temperature t of the battery cell in the energy storage system. max Does it satisfy: t max ≤25℃;

[0018] When determining the highest temperature t of the battery cells in the current energy storage system max When the temperature is ≥25℃, continue to determine the maximum temperature difference t of the cells in the current energy storage system. dmax Does it satisfy: t dmax <5℃;

[0019] When the maximum temperature difference t of the cells in the current energy storage systemdmax When the temperature is ≥5℃, the battery cluster where the highest temperature cell is located is identified and located. All first valves are opened, and the water pumps and compressors of the first liquid cooling unit and the second liquid cooling unit are controlled to work. At least the second valve connected to the battery cluster where the highest temperature cell is located is opened. The first liquid cooling unit operates at power M, and the second liquid cooling unit operates at power W, so that the thermal management system is in a dual-machine adaptive cooling mode.

[0020] In this scheme, the control method of the thermal management system of the energy storage system further includes: calculating the average temperature t of all cells in the current energy storage system. mean And according to the formula: Calculate the maximum temperature difference t of the cells in the current energy storage system. dmax .

[0021] In this scheme, when the thermal management system is in the dual-machine adaptive cooling mode or the single-machine adaptive cooling mode, at time K2 t rmax Not equal to t max Furthermore, the control method for the thermal management system of the energy storage system further includes: according to the formula: The maximum temperature difference t of the cells in the energy storage system was calculated. dmax1 ;

[0022] Among them, t mean Let t be the average temperature of all cells in the current energy storage system. rmax The highest temperature of the cell in the battery cluster containing the highest-temperature cell in the energy storage system at time K1 is the current highest temperature of the cell at that time t. rmax equal to t max .

[0023] In this scheme, when it is determined that the thermal management system needs to be in the single-unit adaptive cooling mode or the dual-unit adaptive cooling mode, the control method of the thermal management system of the energy storage system further includes:

[0024] When determining the maximum temperature difference t of the cells in the current energy storage system dmax Satisfy: t sn ≤t dmax ≤t fn At that time, the second liquid chiller unit operates at a power of W n Continue running and determine the maximum temperature difference t of the cells in the current energy storage system. dmax Does it satisfy: t dmax <t sn ;

[0025] When the maximum temperature difference t of the cells in the current energy storage system dmax <t sn At that time, control the second liquid chiller unit to operate at a power of W. n-kContinue running and determine the maximum temperature difference t of the cells in the current energy storage system. dmax Does it satisfy: t dmax <t sn-k Or, when the maximum temperature difference t of the cells in the current energy storage system dmax Still satisfies: t sn ≤t dmax ≤t fn At that time, the second liquid chiller unit is still controlled to operate at power W. n Continue running;

[0026] When determining the maximum temperature difference t of the cells in the current energy storage system dmax <t sn-k And satisfy t dmax If the minimum preset temperature difference is not reached, control the second liquid cooling unit to operate at a power of W. n-k-1 run;

[0027] When determining the maximum temperature difference t of the cells in the current energy storage system dmax <t sn-k And satisfy t dmax When the minimum preset temperature difference is reached, the second liquid cooling unit is controlled to stop working;

[0028] When judging t fn-k ≥t dmax ≥t sn-k At that time, the second liquid chiller unit is still controlled to operate at power W. n-k run;

[0029] Wherein, t satisfies: fn >t sn >t fn-k >t sn-k And W n >W n-k >W n-k-1 n is a positive integer greater than 1, and k is a positive integer greater than or equal to 1 and less than n.

[0030] In this scheme, when k equals 1, the following condition is met: 1℃ < t sn -t sn-k <2.5℃, and / or, 1℃ <t fn -t fn-k <2.5℃.

[0031] In this scheme, when it is determined that the thermal management system needs to be in the dual-machine adaptive cooling mode, the control method of the thermal management system of the energy storage system further includes:

[0032] Determine the highest temperature t of the battery cells in the current energy storage system. max Satisfy: t an ≤t max ≤t bnAt that time, the first liquid cooling unit operates at a power of M n Continue running and determine the highest temperature t of the cells in the current energy storage system. max Does it satisfy: t max <t an ;

[0033] When determining the highest temperature t of the battery cells in the current energy storage system max <t an At that time, the first liquid cooling unit is controlled to operate at power M. n-k Run, continue to judge t max Does it satisfy: t max <t an-k ;or,

[0034] When determining the highest temperature t of the battery cells in the current energy storage system max Satisfy: t an ≤t max ≤t bn At that time, the first liquid cooling unit is still controlled at power M. n run;

[0035] When determining the highest temperature t of the battery cells in the current energy storage system max <t an-k And satisfy t max If the minimum set temperature is not reached, control the first liquid cooling unit to operate at power M. n-k-1 run;

[0036] When determining the highest temperature t of the battery cells in the current energy storage system max <t an-k And satisfy t max When the minimum set temperature is reached, the first liquid cooling unit is controlled to stop working;

[0037] When determining the highest temperature t of the battery cells in the current energy storage system max Satisfy: t an-k ≤t max ≤t bn-k At that time, the first liquid cooling unit is still controlled at power M. n-k run;

[0038] Wherein, t satisfies: bn >t an >t bn-k >t an-k And M n >M n-k >M n-k-1 n is a positive integer greater than 1, and k is a positive integer greater than or equal to 1 and less than n.

[0039] In this scheme, when k equals 1, the following condition is met: 2℃ < t an -tan-k <6℃, and / or, 2℃ <t bn -t bn-k <6℃. In this scheme, the control method of the thermal management system of the energy storage system further includes:

[0040] When the highest temperature t of the battery cell in the current energy storage system max Not satisfied: 25℃ < t max When the temperature is <37℃, continue to determine the highest temperature t of the battery cell in the energy storage system. max Does it satisfy: t max ≤25℃;

[0041] When the highest temperature t of the battery cell in the current energy storage system max When the temperature is ≥25℃, continue to determine the maximum temperature difference t of the cells in the current energy storage system. dmax Does it satisfy: t dmax <5℃;

[0042] When the maximum temperature difference t of the cells in the current energy storage system dmax When the temperature is <5℃, all the first valves and all the second valves are open, controlling the water pumps and compressors of the first liquid cooling unit and the second liquid cooling unit to work, and the first liquid cooling unit and the second liquid cooling unit to operate at rated power, so that the thermal management system is in dual-machine full-power cooling mode.

[0043] In this scheme, the control method of the thermal management system of the energy storage system further includes:

[0044] When the highest temperature t of the battery cell in the current energy storage system max Not satisfied: 25℃ < t max When the temperature is <37℃, continue to determine the highest temperature t of the battery cell in the energy storage system. max Does it satisfy: t max ≤25℃;

[0045] When determining the highest temperature t of the battery cells in the energy storage system max When the temperature is ≤25℃, continue with the maximum temperature difference t of the cells in the current energy storage system. dmax Does it satisfy: t dmax <5℃;

[0046] When the maximum temperature difference t of the cells in the current energy storage system dmax If <5℃, continue to determine t dmax Does it satisfy: t dmax <2℃;

[0047] When determining the maximum temperature difference t of the cells in the current energy storage system dmaxWhen the temperature is ≥2℃, all the first valves and all the second valves are opened, controlling the water pumps of the first liquid cooling unit and the second liquid cooling unit to work, so that the thermal management system is in self-circulation mode.

[0048] In this scheme, the rated power of the first liquid cooling unit is greater than the rated power of the second liquid cooling unit.

[0049] The second aspect of this application also provides an energy storage system, the energy storage system including the control method of the thermal management system of the energy storage system described above;

[0050] The energy storage system includes a thermal management system and a battery device, wherein the battery device includes multiple battery clusters, and each battery cluster includes multiple battery cells;

[0051] Each of the battery clusters includes a first water inlet, a second water inlet, and a water outlet. The liquid cooling pipeline includes multiple first water inlet pipelines, multiple second water inlet pipelines, and multiple water outlet pipelines. The first water inlet pipeline is used to connect the first water inlet to the first liquid cooling unit. The second water inlet pipeline is used to connect the second water inlet to the second liquid cooling unit. The water outlet pipeline is used to connect the water outlet to the first liquid cooling unit and the second liquid cooling unit.

[0052] In this solution, the battery device further includes a control module and a monitoring module. The control module and the monitoring module are capable of information exchange. The monitoring module includes a temperature sensor and determines the current state of the thermal management system.

[0053] The temperature sensor is used to detect the current temperature of each of the battery cells and interacts the temperature information of each battery cell with the control module to obtain the highest temperature t of the battery cells in the current energy storage system. max ;

[0054] The control module is used to determine the highest temperature t of the battery cell in the current energy storage system. max The relationship between the temperature range and the preset maximum temperature range of the cells in the energy storage system is calculated, and the maximum temperature difference t of the cells in the current energy storage system is calculated. dmax To determine the maximum temperature difference t of the cells in the current energy storage system. dmax The relationship between the temperature difference and the preset maximum temperature difference of the cells in the energy storage system is used to control the operating state of the first liquid cooler, the operating state of the second liquid cooler, and the state of the second valve, so that the control module controls the thermal management system to switch to different modes.

[0055] In this solution, the control module can determine the maximum temperature difference t of the cells in the current energy storage system. dmax Adjust the operating power of the second liquid-cooled unit;

[0056] The control module can determine the highest temperature t of the battery cell in the current energy storage system. max Adjust the operating power of the first liquid cooler unit.

[0057] It should be understood that the above general description and the following detailed description are merely exemplary and do not limit this application. Attached Figure Description

[0058] Figure 1 A flowchart of a control method for the thermal management system of the energy storage system provided in this application in a specific embodiment;

[0059] Figure 2 A flowchart of a specific embodiment of the control method for the thermal management system of the energy storage system provided in this application when the thermal management system is in single-unit adaptive cooling mode;

[0060] Figure 3 A flowchart of a specific embodiment of the control method for the thermal management system of the energy storage system provided in this application when the thermal management system is in dual-machine adaptive cooling mode;

[0061] Figure 4 A flowchart of the control method of the thermal management system of the energy storage system provided in this application when the thermal management system is in single-unit adaptive cooling mode, in another specific embodiment;

[0062] Figure 5 A flowchart of the control method of the thermal management system of the energy storage system provided in this application when the thermal management system is in dual-machine adaptive cooling mode, in another specific embodiment;

[0063] Figure 6 A flowchart of a specific embodiment of the control method for the thermal management system of the energy storage system provided in this application when the thermal management system is in dual-machine adaptive cooling mode;

[0064] Figure 7 A flowchart of a control method for the thermal management system of the energy storage system provided in this application when the thermal management system is in single-machine cooling mode, in a specific embodiment;

[0065] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the energy storage system provided in this application in one specific embodiment.

[0066] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0067] 1-First liquid cooling unit;

[0068] 2-Second liquid cooling unit;

[0069] 3-Battery clusters;

[0070] 4-First valve;

[0071] 5-Second valve;

[0072] 6-First water inlet pipe;

[0073] 7-Second water inlet pipe;

[0074] 8-Water outlet pipe.

[0075] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and form part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with this application and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0076] To better understand the technical solution of this application, the embodiments of this application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0077] In one specific embodiment, the present application will be further described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments and accompanying drawings.

[0078] It should be understood that the described embodiments are merely some, not all, of the embodiments in this application. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments in this application without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0079] The terminology used in the embodiments of this application is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of this application. The singular forms “a,” “the,” and “the” used in the embodiments of this application and the appended claims are also intended to include the plural forms unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.

[0080] It should be understood that the term "and / or" used in this article is merely a description of the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent: A existing alone, A and B existing simultaneously, and B existing alone. Additionally, the character " / " in this article generally indicates that the preceding and following related objects have an "or" relationship.

[0081] It should be noted that the directional terms such as "upper," "lower," "left," and "right" described in the embodiments of this application are used to describe the angles shown in the accompanying drawings and should not be construed as limiting the embodiments of this application. Furthermore, in the context, it should be understood that when referring to an element being connected "upper" or "lower" to another element, it can be directly connected to the other element "upper" or "lower," or indirectly connected through an intermediate element.

[0082] Currently, the thermal management system of an energy storage system is equipped with a liquid chiller unit. This liquid chiller unit is connected to each battery cluster via valves. When the temperature of a battery cluster in the energy storage system is too high, the opening of the valve corresponding to that cluster is increased while the opening of the valves corresponding to other battery clusters is decreased to increase the flow of coolant to that cluster and achieve rapid cooling. However, since the total amount of coolant provided by the liquid chiller unit is usually fixed, decreasing the valve openings corresponding to other battery clusters increases the resistance to the flow of coolant to other battery clusters, thereby reducing the flow of coolant to other battery clusters. This reduces the overall cooling capacity of the energy storage system and may lead to the risk of overheating in other battery clusters, resulting in a significant temperature difference within the energy storage system.

[0083] To address the aforementioned problems, this application provides a control method for the thermal management system of an energy storage system, such as... Figure 1 and Figure 8 As shown, the thermal management system includes at least: a first liquid cooling unit 1, a second liquid cooling unit 2, multiple liquid cooling pipelines, and multiple first valves 4 and second valves 5. The first liquid cooling unit 1 and the second liquid cooling unit 2 are connected in parallel with multiple battery clusters 3 of the energy storage system via the multiple liquid cooling pipelines, respectively. The first valves 4 are connected between the inlets of the first liquid cooling unit 1 and the multiple battery clusters 3 of the energy storage system, and the second valves 5 are connected between the second liquid cooling unit 2 and another inlet of the multiple battery clusters 3 of the energy storage system. The first liquid cooling unit 1 and the second liquid cooling unit 2 are connected in parallel. The number of battery clusters 3 in the energy storage system can be X.

[0084] In addition, the energy storage system includes a thermal management system and a battery unit. The battery unit further includes multiple battery clusters, a control module, and a monitoring module. The control module controls the thermal management system, and the control module and monitoring module can exchange information. The monitoring module includes temperature sensors to determine the current state of the thermal management system. The temperature sensors detect the current temperature of each battery cell and exchange the temperature information of each cell with the control module to obtain the highest temperature t of the battery cells in the current energy storage system. max .

[0085] The control module includes a Battery Management System (BMS), which is used to determine the highest temperature t of the cells in the current energy storage system. max The relationship between the temperature range and the preset maximum temperature range of the cells in the energy storage system is determined, and the maximum temperature difference t of the cells in the current energy storage system is calculated. dmax To determine the maximum temperature difference t of the cells in the current energy storage system. dmaxThe relationship between the preset maximum temperature difference of the cells in the energy storage system and the battery management system is used to control the operating state of the first liquid cooling unit 1 and the state of the first valve 4, the operating state of the second liquid cooling unit 2 and the state of the second valve 5, so that the battery management system of the control module controls the thermal management system to switch to different modes, thereby improving the feasibility and reliability of the thermal management system switching to different modes.

[0086] The control method for the thermal management system of an energy storage system includes at least the following steps:

[0087] The monitoring module obtains the highest temperature t of the battery cells in the current energy storage system. max The control module determines the current state of the thermal management system;

[0088] The control module determines the highest temperature t of the battery cells in the current energy storage system. max Does it satisfy the condition: 25℃ < t max <37℃;

[0089] When the highest temperature t of the battery cell in the current energy storage system max Not satisfied: 25℃ < t max When the temperature is <37℃, the control module continues to determine the highest temperature t of the battery cells in the energy storage system. max Does it satisfy: t max ≤25℃;

[0090] When the highest temperature t of the battery cell in the current energy storage system max When the temperature is ≤25℃, the control module calculates the maximum temperature difference t of the cells in the current energy storage system. dmax And determine the maximum temperature difference t of the cells in the current energy storage system. dmax Does it satisfy: t dmax <5℃;

[0091] When the maximum temperature difference t of the cells in the current energy storage system dmax When the temperature is ≥5℃, the control module determines and locates the battery cluster 3 where the highest temperature cell in the energy storage system is located. All first valves 4 are opened. The control module controls the water pump of the first liquid cooling unit 1 to work. The control module opens at least the second valve 5 connected to the battery cluster 3 where the highest temperature cell is located. The control module also controls the second liquid cooling unit 2 to run at power W so that the thermal management system is in a single-unit adaptive cooling mode.

[0092] Specifically, 25℃-37℃ can be considered the preset maximum temperature range for the battery cells in the energy storage system, and 5℃ can be considered the preset maximum temperature difference for the battery cells in the energy storage system. This is achieved by determining the highest temperature t of the battery cells in the current energy storage system. maxThe relationship between the temperature of the energy storage system and the preset maximum temperature range of the cells in the system is equivalent to determining the relationship between the overall temperature of the current energy storage system and the preset maximum temperature range of the cells in the system. When determining the maximum temperature t of the cells in the current energy storage system... max When the temperature is ≤25℃, it is determined that the overall temperature of the battery device in the current energy storage system is moderate. At the same time, the maximum temperature difference t of the cells in the current energy storage system is calculated. dmax Continue to determine the maximum temperature difference t of the cells in the current energy storage system. dmax The relationship between the maximum temperature difference and the preset maximum temperature difference of the cells in the energy storage system, when determining the maximum temperature difference t of the cells in the current energy storage system. dmax When the temperature is ≥5℃, it indicates that the temperature difference within the battery device in the current energy storage system is large, so that the thermal management system is in single-unit adaptive cooling mode.

[0093] Therefore, the highest temperature t of the battery cell in the current energy storage system max ≤25℃, and the maximum temperature difference t of the cells in the current energy storage system dmax When the temperature is ≥5℃, the thermal management system is in single-unit adaptive cooling mode. In this mode, the second valve 5 connected to the battery cluster 3 containing the highest-temperature cell is activated, and the compressors of the water pumps in the second liquid cooling unit 2 are all operating. This allows the second liquid cooling unit 2 to operate at power W for cooling, thereby rapidly cooling the battery cluster 3 containing the highest-temperature cell. This reduces the temperature difference between the battery cluster 3 containing the highest-temperature cell and other battery clusters 3, maintaining the energy storage system in optimal operating condition. Simultaneously, all first valves 4 are activated. When the first liquid cooling unit 1 is turned on, the water pump is activated so that each battery cluster 3 in the energy storage system is supplied with coolant by the first liquid cooling unit 1. This ensures that the cooling of the battery cluster 3 containing the highest temperature cell is accelerated, while also ensuring that all other battery clusters 3 are supplied with coolant by the first liquid cooling unit 1. This prevents excessive temperature fluctuations in the other battery clusters 3 except for the highest temperature cell, reducing the risk of overheating in the other battery clusters 3 and achieving rapid temperature equalization of the energy storage system.

[0094] In summary, the thermal management system operates in a single-unit adaptive cooling mode, primarily used to reduce the temperature difference of battery clusters 3 within the energy storage system. The thermal management system includes a first liquid cooling unit 1 and a second liquid cooling unit 2 connected in parallel. The second cooling unit can independently and rapidly cool the battery cluster 3 containing the highest-temperature cell. Simultaneously, the first liquid cooling unit 1 provides coolant to all battery clusters 3 within the energy storage system, achieving a relative balance between the flow rate through the battery cluster containing the highest-temperature cell and other battery clusters 3. That is, opening the corresponding second valve 5 will not affect the flow rate of coolant through other battery clusters 3, ensuring that temperature fluctuations in other battery clusters 3 are not excessive, thus enabling the energy storage system's battery devices to achieve rapid and accurate temperature equalization.

[0095] Meanwhile, compared to traditional energy storage systems that cool the battery clusters 3 by reducing the opening of some valves, this application uses a single-unit adaptive cooling mode for the thermal management system. All first valves 4 are fully open (100% opening), reducing the risk of increased overall frictional resistance in the liquid cooling pipeline. This reduces the risk of increased pressure loss due to friction between the coolant and the pipe wall, thus mitigating the risk of reduced overall flow rate in the energy storage system. This further facilitates rapid cooling and temperature equalization of the battery devices. Furthermore, when determining the highest temperature t of the battery cells in the current energy storage system... max When the temperature is ≤25℃, that is, when the overall temperature of the current energy storage system is determined to be moderate, the water pump of the first liquid cooling unit 1 is working and the compressor of the first liquid cooling unit 1 is not working. That is, the first liquid cooling unit 1 is used to reduce the risk of temperature fluctuation of the cells in the battery cluster 3, except for the cells with the highest temperature, so as to make the overall temperature of the battery device in the energy storage system moderate, thereby reducing the internal resistance of the battery device and helping to reduce the energy consumption of the energy storage system and reduce costs.

[0096] In addition, the control module determines the highest temperature t of the battery cells in the current energy storage system. max The relationship between the temperature range and the preset maximum temperature range of the cells in the energy storage system, and the determination of the maximum temperature difference t of the cells in the current energy storage system. dmax The relationship between the maximum temperature difference of the cells in the energy storage system and the preset maximum temperature difference of the cells is used to enable the thermal management system to switch to different required modes in a timely manner. This effectively balances the maximum temperature difference of the cells and the overall temperature of the cells, which helps improve the accuracy and speed of the thermal management system in cooling and / or reducing the temperature difference. It also helps to achieve rapid and accurate temperature equalization of each battery cluster 3 in the energy storage system, and to cool each battery cluster 3 to the optimal operating temperature. This helps to improve the operating performance of the energy storage system. At the same time, it enables the thermal management system to switch to different required modes in a timely manner, reducing the energy consumption of the thermal management system, and thus reducing the energy consumption of the energy storage system.

[0097] In one possible implementation, such as Figure 1 As shown, the control method of the thermal management system of the energy storage system also includes:

[0098] When the control module determines the highest temperature t of the battery cells in the current energy storage system max Satisfy: 25℃ < t max When the temperature is <37℃, the control module continues to determine the maximum temperature difference t of the cells in the current energy storage system. dmax Does it satisfy: t dmax <5℃;

[0099] When the maximum temperature difference t of the cells in the current energy storage system dmax When the temperature is ≥5℃, the control module determines and locates the battery cluster 3 where the highest temperature cell is located. All first valves 4 are opened. The control module controls the water pumps and compressors of the first liquid cooling unit 1 and the second liquid cooling unit 2 to work. The control module opens at least the second valve 5 connected to the battery cluster 3 where the highest temperature cell is located. The control module controls the first liquid cooling unit 1 to run at power M and the second liquid cooling unit 2 to run at power W, so that the thermal management system is in the dual-machine adaptive cooling mode.

[0100] In this embodiment, the highest temperature of the battery cell in the current energy storage system is 25°C < t. max <37℃, meaning the overall temperature of the battery device in the current energy storage system is slightly high, and the maximum temperature difference t between the cells in the current energy storage system is... dmax When the temperature is ≥5℃, indicating that the temperature difference of the internal battery devices in the current energy storage system is large, the thermal management system is controlled to enter the dual-machine adaptive cooling mode.

[0101] Therefore, the dual-machine adaptive cooling mode is mainly used to reduce the temperature of the battery clusters 3 in the energy storage system and to reduce the temperature difference between the battery clusters 3 in the energy storage system. All first valves 4 are opened, and at least the second valve 5 connected to the battery cluster 3 with the highest temperature cell is opened. The first liquid cooling unit 1 operates at power M, and the second liquid cooling unit 2 operates at power W. Thus, the first liquid cooling unit 1 can quickly cool down all battery clusters 3, realizing rapid cooling of the entire battery device in the energy storage system. At the same time, the second liquid cooling unit 2 can quickly cool down the battery cluster 3 with the highest temperature cell, which helps to reduce the temperature difference between the battery cluster 3 with the highest temperature cell and other battery clusters 3, which helps to reduce the risk of capacity decay of the battery device in the energy storage system and improve the life of the battery device in the energy storage system.

[0102] Furthermore, the thermal management system operates in a single-unit adaptive cooling mode, with all first valves 4 fully open (100% opening). This reduces the risk of increased overall resistance along the liquid cooling pipeline, enabling rapid cooling and temperature equalization of the battery device. Simultaneously, since the first liquid cooling unit 1 and the second liquid cooling unit 2 are relatively independent, the first liquid cooling unit 1 cools all battery clusters 3 within the energy storage system. It can relatively balance the flow rate through the battery cluster 3 containing the highest-temperature cell with that of other battery clusters 3. That is, opening the corresponding second valve 5 does not affect the flow rate of coolant through other battery clusters 3, ensuring a stable temperature reduction for all battery clusters 3 except those containing the highest-temperature cell, thus enabling rapid and precise temperature equalization of the energy storage system's battery device. In one possible implementation, such as... Figure 1 As shown, the control method of the thermal management system of the energy storage system also includes:

[0103] When the control module determines the highest temperature t of the battery cells in the current energy storage system max Not satisfied: 25℃ < t max When the temperature is <37℃, the control module continues to determine the highest temperature t of the battery cells in the energy storage system. max Does it satisfy: t max ≤25℃;

[0104] When the control module determines the highest temperature t of the battery cells in the current energy storage system max When the temperature is ≥25℃, the control module continues to determine the maximum temperature difference t of the cells in the current energy storage system. dmax Does it satisfy: t dmax <5℃;

[0105] When the maximum temperature difference t of the cells in the current energy storage system dmax When the temperature is ≥5℃, the control module determines and locates the battery cluster 3 where the highest temperature cell is located. All first valves 4 are opened. The control module controls the water pumps and compressors of the first liquid cooling unit 1 and the second liquid cooling unit 2 to work. The control module opens at least the second valve 5 connected to the battery cluster 3 where the highest temperature cell is located. The control module controls the first liquid cooling unit 1 to run at power M and the control module controls the second liquid cooling unit 2 to run at power W, so that the thermal management system is in the dual-machine adaptive cooling mode.

[0106] In this embodiment, when determining the highest temperature t of the battery cell in the current energy storage system... max At ≥25℃, which is the highest temperature t of the battery cells in the current energy storage system. max ≥37℃, meaning the overall temperature of the battery device in the current energy storage system is considered high, and the maximum temperature difference t between the cells in the current energy storage system is also considered high. dmaxWhen the temperature is ≥5℃, indicating that the temperature difference of the internal battery devices in the current energy storage system is large, the thermal management system is controlled to enter the dual-machine adaptive cooling mode.

[0107] In summary, when the highest temperature of the battery cells in the current energy storage system satisfies: 25℃ < t max <37℃, or the highest temperature t of the battery cell in the current energy storage system. max At ≥37℃, and the maximum temperature difference t of the cells in the current energy storage system dmax At ≥5℃, the first liquid cooling unit 1 can rapidly cool down each battery cluster 3, achieving rapid cooling of the entire battery device in the energy storage system. At the same time, the second liquid cooling unit 2 can rapidly cool down the battery cluster 3 where the highest temperature cell is located, which helps to reduce the temperature difference between the battery cluster 3 where the highest temperature cell is located and other battery clusters 3, thereby improving the lifespan of the battery device in the energy storage system.

[0108] In one possible implementation, such as Figure 1 As shown, the control method of the thermal management system of the energy storage system also includes: the control module calculates the average temperature t of all cells in the current energy storage system. mean And according to the formula: The control module calculates the maximum temperature difference t of the cells in the current energy storage system. dmax .

[0109] According to the formula: Calculate the maximum temperature difference t of the cells in the current energy storage system. dmax This allows the second liquid cooling unit 2 to precisely control the opening or closing of the second valve 5 based on the temperature difference between the battery cluster 3 containing the highest-temperature cell and the average temperature of all cells in the energy storage system. This improves the feasibility and reliability of targeted cooling by the second liquid cooling unit 2. Simultaneously, the second liquid cooling unit 2 can adjust the temperature based on the temperature difference between the battery cluster 3 containing the highest-temperature cell and the average temperature of all cells in the energy storage system. dmax The operating power W is adjusted in real time to prevent the cooling effect of the second liquid cooling unit 2 on the battery cluster 3 where the highest temperature cell is located from being too high or too low, thereby reducing the risk of excessive or insufficient cooling of the battery cluster 3 where the highest temperature cell is located, and thus achieving precise control of the temperature balance between the battery cluster 3 where the highest temperature cell is located and other battery clusters 3.

[0110] In one possible implementation, such as Figure 1 As shown, when the thermal management system is in dual-unit adaptive cooling mode or single-unit adaptive cooling mode, at time K2 t rmax Not equal to t max At the same time, the control method of the thermal management system of the energy storage system also includes: according to the formula: The maximum temperature difference t of the cells in the energy storage system was calculated.dmax1 ;

[0111] Among them, t mean Let t be the average temperature of all cells in the current energy storage system. rmax The highest temperature of the cell in the battery cluster containing the highest-temperature cell in the energy storage system at time K1 is the current highest temperature of the cell in the battery cluster 3 connected to the second valve 5 that is opened at time K1. And at time K1, t... rmax equal to t max .

[0112] When the thermal management system is in dual-machine adaptive cooling mode or single-machine adaptive cooling mode, time K1 can be before time K2. The second liquid cooling unit 2 can cool the battery cluster 3 containing the cell with the highest current temperature at time K1. For example, if the battery cluster 3 containing the cell with the highest current temperature at time K1 is the first battery cluster, the highest temperature of the cell in the first battery cluster is t. rmax As the second liquid cooling unit 2 rapidly cools the first battery cluster, the temperature of the cells within the first battery cluster decreases in real time, and at time K2, there exists a temperature t. rmax Not equal to t max In the case where, at time K2, the highest temperature of a cell in the first battery cluster is not equal to the highest temperature of a cell in the current energy storage system, that is, when a cell in one of the other battery clusters 3 (excluding the first battery cluster) is the cell with the highest temperature at this moment, according to the formula: Calculate the maximum temperature difference t of the cells in the energy storage system at the previous moment. dmax1 This involves calculating the difference between the highest temperature of the cells in the first battery cluster and the average temperature of all cells in the current energy storage system. This improves the reliability and feasibility of the second liquid cooling unit 2 continuing to cool the battery cluster 3 containing the highest-temperature cell from the previous moment to the target temperature. This, in turn, enhances the reliability and feasibility of the second liquid cooling unit 2 continuing to cool the first battery cluster to the target temperature, thereby achieving precise temperature equalization of the battery devices in the energy storage system, improving the operating performance of the battery devices, and preventing the cooling effect of the second liquid cooling unit 2 on the first battery cluster from being too high or too low. Furthermore, it enables precise control of the temperature balance between the first battery cluster and other battery clusters 3, ensuring precise temperature balance between the battery cluster 3 containing the highest-temperature cell from the previous moment and the current other battery clusters 3.

[0113] It should be noted that, except when the thermal management system is in dual-unit adaptive cooling mode or single-unit adaptive cooling mode, the formula is used: Calculate the maximum temperature difference t of the cells in the current energy storage system. dmax For example, during the initial startup of the thermal management system.

[0114] In one possible implementation, such as Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, when it is determined that the thermal management system needs to be in single-unit adaptive cooling mode or dual-unit adaptive cooling mode, the control method of the thermal management system of the energy storage system also includes:

[0115] The control module can determine and execute the following steps:

[0116] When determining the maximum temperature difference t of the cells in the current energy storage system dmax Satisfy: t sn ≤t dmax ≤t fn At that time, the second liquid cooling unit 2 operated at a power of W n Continue running and determine the maximum temperature difference t of the cells in the current energy storage system. dmax Does it satisfy: t dmax <t sn ;

[0117] When the maximum temperature difference t of the cells in the current energy storage system dmax <t sn At that time, control the second liquid cooling unit 2 to operate at a power of W. n-k Continue running and determine the maximum temperature difference t of the cells in the current energy storage system. dmax Does it satisfy: t dmax <t sn-k Or, when the maximum temperature difference t of the cells in the current energy storage system dmax Still satisfies: t sn ≤t dmax ≤t fn At that time, the second liquid cooling unit 2 is still controlled at a power of W. n Continue running;

[0118] When determining the maximum temperature difference t of the cells in the current energy storage system dmax <t sn-k And satisfy t dmax If the minimum preset temperature difference is not reached, control the second liquid cooling unit 2 to operate at a power of W. n-k-1 run;

[0119] When determining the maximum temperature difference t of the cells in the current energy storage system dmax <t sn-k And satisfy t dmax When the minimum preset temperature difference is reached, the second liquid cooling unit 2 is controlled to stop working;

[0120] When judging t fn-k ≥t dmax ≥t sn-k At that time, the second liquid cooling unit 2 is still controlled at a power of W. n-k run;

[0121] Wherein, t satisfies:fn >t sn >t fn-k >t sn-k And W n >W n-k >W n-k-1 n is a positive integer greater than 1, and k is a positive integer greater than or equal to 1 and less than n.

[0122] It should be noted that W includes W1, W2, ... W mentioned above. n-k-1 W n-k ...W n The battery management system (BMS) of the control module can adjust the maximum temperature difference t between the cells in the current energy storage system. dmax Adjusting the operating power W of the second liquid chiller unit 2 improves the reliability and feasibility of adjusting the operating power of the second liquid chiller unit 2.

[0123] In addition, such as Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, t rmax Not equal to t max When it is determined that the thermal management system needs to be in single-unit adaptive cooling mode or dual-unit adaptive cooling mode, the control method of the thermal management system of the energy storage system also includes:

[0124] When determining the maximum temperature difference t of the cells in the energy storage system dmax1 Satisfy: t sn ≤t dmax1 ≤t fn At that time, the second liquid cooling unit 2 operated at a power of W n Continue running and determine the maximum temperature difference t of the cells in the current energy storage system. dmax1 Does it satisfy: t dmax1 <t sn ;

[0125] When the maximum temperature difference t of the cells in the current energy storage system dmax1 <t sn At that time, control the second liquid cooling unit 2 to operate at a power of W. n-k Continue running and determine the maximum temperature difference t of the cells in the current energy storage system. dmax1 Does it satisfy: t dmax1 <t sn-k Or, when the maximum temperature difference t of the cells in the current energy storage system dmax1 Still satisfies: t sn ≤t dmax1 ≤t fn At that time, the second liquid cooling unit 2 is still controlled at a power of W. n Continue running;

[0126] When determining the maximum temperature difference t of the cells in the current energy storage system dmax1 <tsn-k And satisfy t dmax1 If the minimum preset temperature difference is not reached, control the second liquid cooling unit 2 to operate at a power of W. n-k-1 run;

[0127] When determining the maximum temperature difference t of the cells in the current energy storage system dmax1 <t sn-k And when tdmax1 reaches the minimum preset temperature difference, control the second liquid cooling unit 2 to stop working;

[0128] When judging t fn-k ≥t dmax1 ≥t sn-k At that time, the second liquid cooling unit 2 is still controlled at a power of W. n-k run;

[0129] Specifically, for example, when n equals 3 and K equals 1, t sn t sn-k t sn-k-1 The numbers are t in order. s3 t s2 t s1 , and t s3 >t s2 >t s1 , t fn t fn-k t fn-k-1 The numbers are t in order. f3 t f2 t f1 , and t f3 >t f2 >t f1 W n W n-k W n-k-1 The values ​​are W3, W2, and W1 in that order, with W3 > W2 > W1. When the current thermal management system needs to be in single-unit adaptive cooling mode or dual-unit adaptive cooling mode, first determine the current temperature (t). dmax or t dmax1 Does it meet the first preset temperature difference range: t s1 ≤t dmax or t dmax1 ≤t f1 Determine the current t dmax or t dmax1 If the first preset temperature difference range is not met, then continue to determine the current temperature range (t). dmax or t dmax1 Does it meet the second preset temperature difference range: t s2 ≤t dmax or t dmax1 ≤t f2 Determine the current t dmax or t dmax1If the second preset temperature difference range is not met, then continue to determine the current t. dmax or t dmax1 Does it meet the third preset temperature difference range: t s3 ≤t dmax or t dmax1 ≤t f3 Determine the current t dmax or t dmax1 When the third preset temperature difference range is met, control the second liquid cooling unit 2 to achieve the target temperature. dmax or t dmax1 <t s3 The corresponding operating power W3 is used, and then the current t is determined. dmax or t dmax1 Does it satisfy: t dmax or t dmax1 <t s3 When judging the current t dmax or t dmax1 Satisfy: t dmax or t dmax1 <t s3 At that time, control the second liquid cooling unit 2 to the target t dmax or t dmax1 <t s2 If the corresponding operating power W2 is running, then continue to determine the current t. dmax or t dmax1 Does it satisfy: t dmax or t dmax1 <t s2 When judging the current t dmax or t dmax1 Satisfy: t dmax or t dmax1 <t s2 At that time, control the second liquid cooling unit 2 to the target t dmax or t dmax1 <t s1 If the corresponding operating power W1 is running, then continue to determine the current t. dmax or t dmax1 Does it satisfy: t dmax or t dmax1 <t s1 When judging the current t dmax or t dmax1 Satisfy: t dmax or t dmax1 <t s1 At that time, t dmax or t dmax1 Less than the minimum preset temperature difference t s1 At that time, control the second liquid cooling unit 2 to stop working.

[0130] Or, when judging the current t dmax or tdmax1 Not satisfied: t dmax or t dmax1 <t s3 At that time, i.e., the current time t dmax or t dmax1 The value is still relatively large, so the second liquid cooling unit 2 is controlled to continue operating at power W3; or, when it is determined that the current t dmax or t dmax1 Not satisfied: t dmax or t dmax1 <t s2 At that time, i.e., the current time t dmax or t dmax1 The value is still relatively large, so the second liquid cooling unit 2 is controlled to continue operating at power W2; or, when it is determined that the current t dmax or t dmax1 Not satisfied: t dmax or t dmax1 <t s1 At that time, i.e., the current time t dmax or t dmax1 The value is still relatively large, so the second liquid cooling unit 2 is still operated at power W1 to make the battery cells in the energy storage system cool down to the target temperature quickly after the energy is depleted, thereby improving the cooling efficiency.

[0131] Therefore, the current t is determined by the control module. dmax or t dmax1 Whether the temperature difference range is successively decreasing is determined, and then the operating power W of the second liquid cooler unit 2 is controlled according to the corresponding temperature difference range, so that the second liquid cooler unit 2 can achieve multi-level power regulation, which is beneficial to reducing the energy consumption of the thermal management system and also beneficial to precise control of the current temperature range. dmax or t dmax1 Lowering the target temperature value improves the reliability and stability of the thermal management system in achieving precise temperature uniformity.

[0132] In one possible implementation, such as Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, when k equals 1, the following condition holds: 1℃ < t sn -t sn-k <2.5℃, and / or, 1℃ <t fn -t fn-k <2.5℃.

[0133] Alternatively, when k equals 1, 1℃ < t sn -t sn-k <2.5℃, t sn -t sn-kThe value can be 1℃, 1.1℃, 1.2℃, 1.3℃, 1.4℃, 1.5℃, 1.6℃, 1.7℃, 1.8℃, 1.9℃, 2.0℃, 2.1℃, 2.2℃, 2.3℃, 2.4℃, 2.5℃, etc., or other values ​​within the above range. This embodiment does not impose any restrictions on this.

[0134] In this embodiment, when k equals 1, the following condition is satisfied: 1℃ < t sn -t sn-k <2.5℃, so that the difference between the lower limit of the closest preset temperature difference range is moderate, reducing the risk of overcooling after the second liquid cooling unit 2 switches to different operating power, so that the temperature drop of the battery device is moderate, and the internal temperature of the battery device is balanced, improving the discharge performance and charging efficiency of the battery device, while improving the safety of the energy storage system.

[0135] Alternatively, when k equals 1, 1℃ < t fn -t fn-k <2.5℃, t fn -t fn-k The value can be 1℃, 1.1℃, 1.2℃, 1.3℃, 1.4℃, 1.5℃, 1.6℃, 1.7℃, 1.8℃, 1.9℃, 2.0℃, 2.1℃, 2.2℃, 2.3℃, 2.4℃, 2.5℃, etc., or other values ​​within the above range. This embodiment does not impose any restrictions on this.

[0136] In this embodiment, when k equals 1, the following condition is satisfied: 1℃ < t fn -t fn-k <2.5℃, so that the difference between the upper limit of the closest preset temperature difference range is moderate, reducing the risk of insufficient cooling after the second liquid cooling unit 2 switches to different operating power, so that the temperature drop of the battery device is moderate, and the internal temperature of the battery device is balanced, improving the discharge performance and charging efficiency of the battery device, while improving the safety of the energy storage system.

[0137] In summary, when k equals 1, 1℃ < t sn -t sn-k <2.5℃, and 1℃ <t fn -t fn-k <2.5℃, meaning the difference between the closest temperature ranges is between 1℃ and 2.5℃, to ensure a moderate difference between the closest temperature ranges. For example, satisfying: 1℃ < t s2 -t s1 <2.5℃, and / or, 1℃ <t f2 -t f1A temperature below 2.5℃ improves the robustness of the thermal management system, enabling it to automatically adjust the cooling efficiency of the second liquid cooler unit 2 according to temperature changes in the battery devices of the energy storage system. This allows for multi-stage power regulation of the second liquid cooler unit 2, improving the adaptability of the thermal management system, maintaining its optimal performance, reducing energy consumption, and enhancing operational stability, thereby lowering the overall energy consumption of the energy storage system. Simultaneously, it allows for precise control of the cooling amount to the battery devices, improving their optimal performance.

[0138] It should be noted that t sn t sn-k t sn-k-1 t fn t fn-k t fn-k-1 W n W n-k W n-k-1 All are set values. Among them, t sn t sn-k t sn-k-1 t fn t fn-k t fn-k-1 The specific value can be set according to the specific model and specifications of the battery device in the energy storage system. W n W n-k W n-k-1 The specific value can be set according to the operating power of the thermal management system in the energy storage system.

[0139] In one possible implementation, such as Figure 6 As shown, when it is determined that the thermal management system needs to be in a dual-machine adaptive cooling mode, the control method of the thermal management system of the energy storage system also includes:

[0140] The control module can determine and execute the following steps:

[0141] Determine the highest temperature t of the battery cells in the current energy storage system. max Satisfy: t an ≤t max ≤t bn At that time, the first liquid cooling unit 1 operated at a power of M n Continue running and determine the highest temperature t of the cells in the current energy storage system. max Does it satisfy: t max <t an ;

[0142] When determining the highest temperature t of the battery cells in the current energy storage system max <t an At that time, control the first liquid cooling unit 1 to operate at power M n-k Run, continue to judge t maxDoes it satisfy: t max <t an-k ;or,

[0143] When determining the highest temperature t of the battery cells in the current energy storage system max Satisfy: t an ≤t max ≤t bn At that time, the first liquid cooling unit 1 is still controlled at power M. n run;

[0144] When determining the highest temperature t of the battery cells in the current energy storage system max <t an-k And satisfy t max If the minimum set temperature is not reached, control the first liquid cooling unit 1 to operate at power M. n-k-1 run;

[0145] When determining the highest temperature t of the battery cells in the current energy storage system max <t an-k And satisfy t max When the minimum set temperature is reached, the first liquid cooling unit 1 is controlled to stop working;

[0146] When determining the highest temperature t of the battery cells in the current energy storage system max Satisfy: t an-k ≤t max ≤t bn-k At that time, the first liquid cooling unit 1 is still controlled at power M. n-k run;

[0147] Wherein, t satisfies: bn >t an >t bn-k >t an-k And M n >M n-k >M n-k-1 n is a positive integer greater than 1, and k is a positive integer greater than or equal to 1 and less than n.

[0148] It should be noted that M includes M1, M2, ... M mentioned above. n-k-1 M n-k ...M n The battery management system of the control module can adjust the temperature based on the highest temperature (t) of the cells in the current energy storage system. max Adjusting the operating power of the first liquid cooling unit 1 improves the reliability and feasibility of adjusting the operating power M of the first liquid cooling unit 1.

[0149] Specifically, for example, when n equals 3 and K equals 1, t an t an-k t an-k-1 The numbers are t in order. a3t a2 t a1 , and t a3 >t a2 >t a1 , t bn t bn-k t bn-k-1 The numbers are t in order. b3 t b2 t b1 , and t b3 >t b2 >t b1 M n M n-k M n-k-1 The numbers are M3, M2, and M1 in that order, with M3 > M2 > M1. When the current thermal management system needs to be in dual-machine adaptive cooling mode, the current temperature (t) is first determined. max Does it meet the first preset maximum temperature range: t a1 ≤t max ≤t b1 Determine the current t max If the first preset maximum temperature range is not met, then continue to determine the current temperature range (t). max Does it meet the second preset maximum temperature range: t a2 ≤t max ≤t b2 Determine the current t max If the second preset maximum temperature range is not met, then continue to determine the current temperature range (t). max Does it meet the third preset maximum temperature range: t a3 ≤t max ≤t b3 Determine the current t max When the third preset maximum temperature range is met, control the first liquid cooling unit 1 to achieve the target temperature. max <t a3 The corresponding operating power M3 is used, and then the current t is determined. max Does it satisfy: t max <t a3 When judging the current t max Satisfy: t max <t a3 At that time, control the first liquid cooling unit 1 to the target t max <t a2 If the corresponding operating power M2 is running, then continue to determine the current t. max Does it satisfy: t max <t a2 When judging the current t max Satisfy: t max <t a2 At that time, control the first liquid cooling unit 1 to the target t max <ta1 If the corresponding operating power M1 is running, then continue to determine the current t. max Does it satisfy: t max <t a1 When judging the current t max Satisfy: t max <t a1 At that time, t max Less than the minimum preset temperature difference t a1 At that time, the first liquid cooling unit 1 is stopped from working.

[0150] Or, when judging the current t max Not satisfied: t max <t a3 At that time, i.e., the current time t max The value is still relatively large, so the first liquid cooling unit 1 is still controlled to operate at power M3, or, when it is determined that the current t max Not satisfied: t max <t a2 At that time, i.e., the current time t max The value is still relatively large, so the first liquid cooling unit 1 is still controlled to operate at power M2, or, when it is determined that the current t max Not satisfied: t max <t a1 At that time, i.e., the current time t max The value is still relatively large, so the first liquid cooling unit 1 is still operated at power M1 to make the battery cells in the energy storage system deplete quickly and cool down to the target temperature, thereby improving the cooling efficiency.

[0151] Therefore, the current t is determined by the control module. max Whether the preset maximum temperature range is met in a progressively decreasing manner, and then controlling the operating power M of the first liquid cooling unit 1 according to the corresponding preset maximum temperature range, so that the first liquid cooling unit 1 can achieve multi-level power regulation in the dual-machine adaptive cooling mode, which is beneficial to reducing the energy consumption of the thermal management system, and at the same time, it is beneficial to accurately control the current t max Lowering the target temperature value improves the accuracy and stability of the thermal management system in regulating the battery devices of the energy storage system to maintain optimal operating temperatures.

[0152] In one possible implementation, such as Figure 6 As shown, when k equals 1, the following condition holds: 2℃ < t an -t an-k <6℃, and / or, 2℃ <t bn -t bn-k <6℃.

[0153] Alternatively, when k equals 1, the following condition must be met: 2℃ < t an -t an-k <6℃, t an -tan-k The value can be 2℃, 2.2℃, 2.4℃, 2.5℃, 2.6℃, 2.8℃, 3.0℃, 3.2℃, 3.4℃, 3.5℃, 3.6℃, ​​3.8℃, 4.0℃, 4.2℃, 4.4℃, 4.5℃, 4.6℃, 4.8℃, 5.0℃, 5.2℃, 5.4℃, 5.5℃, 5.6℃, 5.8℃, 6.0℃, etc., or other values ​​within the above range. This embodiment does not impose any restrictions on this.

[0154] In this embodiment, when k equals 1, the following condition is satisfied: 2℃ < t an -t an-k <6℃, so that the difference between the lower limit of the closest preset maximum temperature range is moderate, reducing the risk of overcooling after the first liquid cooling unit 1 switches to different operating power, so as to make the overall temperature of the battery device moderate, improve the discharge performance and charging efficiency of the battery device, and at the same time improve the safety of the energy storage system.

[0155] Alternatively, when k equals 1, the following condition must be met: 2℃ < t bn -t bn-k <6℃, t bn -t bn-k The value can be 2℃, 2.2℃, 2.4℃, 2.5℃, 2.6℃, 2.8℃, 3.0℃, 3.2℃, 3.4℃, 3.5℃, 3.6℃, ​​3.8℃, 4.0℃, 4.2℃, 4.4℃, 4.5℃, 4.6℃, 4.8℃, 5.0℃, 5.2℃, 5.4℃, 5.5℃, 5.6℃, 5.8℃, 6.0℃, etc., or other values ​​within the above range. This embodiment does not impose any restrictions on this.

[0156] In this embodiment, when k equals 1, the following condition is satisfied: 2℃ < t bn -t bn-k <6℃, so that the difference between the upper limit of the closest preset temperature difference range is moderate, reducing the risk of insufficient cooling after the first liquid cooling unit 1 switches to different operating power, so that the temperature drop of the battery device is moderate, and the internal temperature of the battery device is balanced, improving the discharge performance and charging efficiency of the battery device, while improving the safety of the energy storage system.

[0157] In summary, when k equals 1, 2℃ < t an -t an-k <6℃, and 2℃ <t bn -t bn-k <6℃, meaning the difference between the closest preset maximum temperature and the set maximum temperature is between 2℃ and 6℃, to ensure that the difference between the closest preset maximum temperatures is moderate. For example, it should satisfy: 2℃ < t a2 -t a1 <6℃, and / or, 2℃ <tb2 -t b1 A temperature below 6℃ improves the robustness of the thermal management system, enabling it to automatically adjust the cooling efficiency of the first liquid cooler unit 1 according to temperature changes in the battery devices of the energy storage system. This allows for multi-stage power regulation of the first liquid cooler unit 1, improving the adaptability of the thermal management system, maintaining its optimal performance, reducing energy consumption, and enhancing operational stability, thereby lowering the overall energy consumption of the energy storage system. Simultaneously, it allows for precise control of the cooling amount to the battery devices, improving their optimal performance.

[0158] It should be noted that t an t an-k t an-k-1 t bn t bn-k t bn-k-1 M n M n-k M n-k-1 All are set values. Among them, t an t an-k t an-k-1 t bn t bn-k t bn-k-1 The specific value of M can be set according to the specific model and specifications of the battery equipment in the energy storage system. The specific value of M can be set according to the operating power of the thermal management system in the energy storage system.

[0159] Furthermore, when the thermal management system is in dual-unit adaptive cooling mode, both the first liquid chiller unit 1 and the second liquid chiller unit 2 can adaptively adjust their operating power. The value of the operating power W of the second liquid chiller unit 2 depends on the current t. dmax or t dmax1 The value is determined to rapidly cool down the battery cluster 3 containing the hottest cell and to adaptively adjust the cooling rate of the battery cluster 3. Meanwhile, the operating power M of the first liquid cooling unit 1 depends on the current t. maxThe values ​​are adjusted to ensure that each battery cluster 3 can cool down quickly and the cooling rate of each battery cluster 3 can be adaptively adjusted. This effectively balances the overall temperature of the energy storage system battery device and the temperature of the battery cluster 3 containing the hottest cell, achieving precise real-time temperature uniformity. Since the operating power W of the second liquid cooling unit 2 and the operating power M of the first liquid cooling unit 1 change in real time, it also helps to reduce the risk of insufficient coolant flowing through other battery clusters 3 except for the battery cluster 3 containing the hottest cell, or the risk of excessive coolant flowing through the battery cluster 3 containing the hottest cell. This allows for precise control to ensure that the temperature of other battery clusters 3 except for the battery cluster 3 containing the hottest cell does not fluctuate too much, reducing the risk of a battery cluster 3 overheating and the risk of the battery cluster 3 containing the hottest cell cooling too quickly. This further enables the energy storage system to achieve rapid and precise temperature uniformity.

[0160] In one possible implementation, such as Figure 1 As shown, the control method of the thermal management system of the energy storage system also includes:

[0161] When the highest temperature t of the battery cell in the current energy storage system max Not satisfied: 25℃ < t max When the temperature is <37℃, the control module continues to determine the highest temperature t of the battery cells in the energy storage system. max Does it satisfy: t max ≤25℃;

[0162] When the highest temperature t of the battery cell in the current energy storage system max When the temperature is ≥25℃, the control module continues to determine the maximum temperature difference t of the cells in the current energy storage system. dmax Does it satisfy: t dmax <5℃;

[0163] When the maximum temperature difference t of the cells in the current energy storage system dmax When the temperature is <5℃, the control module controls all first valves 4 and all second valves 5 to open, and controls the water pumps and compressors of the first liquid cooling unit 1 and the second liquid cooling unit 2 to work. Both the first liquid cooling unit 1 and the second liquid cooling unit 2 operate at rated power, so that the thermal management system is in the dual-machine full-power cooling mode.

[0164] In this embodiment, when the control module determines the highest temperature t of the battery cell in the current energy storage system... max At ≥25℃, which is the highest temperature t of the battery cells in the current energy storage system. max ≥37℃, meaning the overall temperature of the battery device in the current energy storage system is too high, and the maximum temperature difference t between the cells in the current energy storage system is also considered to be ≥37℃. dmaxWhen the temperature is below 5℃, indicating that the temperature difference within the battery device in the current energy storage system is small, the thermal management system is controlled to be in dual-machine full-power cooling mode.

[0165] Therefore, the dual-machine full-power cooling mode is mainly used to reduce the temperature of each battery cluster 3. By simultaneously operating the first liquid cooling unit 1 and the second liquid cooling unit 2 at rated power, the thermal management system can cool at maximum power to quickly reduce the overall temperature of the battery devices in the energy storage system, improve the cycle life of the battery devices in the energy storage system, and enhance the safety of the energy storage system.

[0166] In one possible implementation, such as Figure 1 As shown, the control method of the thermal management system of the energy storage system also includes:

[0167] When the highest temperature t of the battery cell in the current energy storage system max Not satisfied: 25℃ < t max When the temperature is <37℃, the control module continues to determine the highest temperature t of the battery cells in the energy storage system. max Does it satisfy: t max ≤25℃;

[0168] When the control module determines the highest temperature t of the battery cells in the energy storage system max When the temperature is ≤25℃, the control module continues to operate at the maximum temperature difference t of the cells in the current energy storage system. dmax Does it satisfy: t dmax <5℃;

[0169] When the maximum temperature difference t of the cells in the current energy storage system dmax When the temperature is <5℃, the control module continues to determine t. dmax Does it satisfy: t dmax <2℃;

[0170] When determining the maximum temperature difference t of the cells in the current energy storage system dmax When the temperature is ≥2℃, the control module controls all first valves 4 and second valves 5 to open, and controls the water pumps of the first liquid cooling unit 1 and the second liquid cooling unit 2 to work, while the compressors of the first liquid cooling unit 1 and the second liquid cooling unit 2 do not work, so that the thermal management system is in self-circulation mode.

[0171] In this embodiment, when determining the highest temperature t of the battery cell in the current energy storage system... max When the temperature is ≤25℃, it is determined that the overall temperature of the current energy storage system is moderate, and the maximum temperature difference of the cells in the current energy storage system is 2℃≤t. dmax When the temperature is below 5℃, indicating that the temperature inside the current energy storage system is low, the thermal management system is controlled to enter self-circulation mode.

[0172] Therefore, since the maximum temperature difference of the cells in the current energy storage system is small, by opening all the first valves 4 and the second valves 5, the flow rate of the coolant to each battery cluster 3 is increased, which helps to make the temperature of the cells in each battery cluster 3 approach the temperature of the coolant, thereby achieving further temperature uniformity. Moreover, compared with the other modes mentioned above, the thermal management system in self-circulation mode can effectively reduce operating energy consumption.

[0173] In one possible implementation, such as Figure 1 As shown, the control method of the thermal management system of the energy storage system also includes:

[0174] When the highest temperature t of the battery cell in the current energy storage system max Satisfy: 25℃ < t max When the temperature is <37℃, the control module continues to determine the maximum temperature difference t of the cells in the current energy storage system. dmax Does it satisfy: t dmax <5℃;

[0175] When the maximum temperature difference t of the cells in the current energy storage system dmax When the temperature is <5℃, all first valves 4 are open, the control module controls all second valves 5 to close, and controls the second liquid cooling unit 2 to stop running. That is, the water pump and compressor of the second liquid cooling unit 2 do not work, while the water pump and compressor of the first liquid cooling unit 1 work, and the first liquid cooling unit 1 runs at power P, so that the thermal management system is in single-machine cooling mode.

[0176] In this embodiment, when it is determined that the highest temperature of the battery cell in the current energy storage system is 25°C < t max When the temperature is <37℃, it indicates that the overall temperature of the current energy storage system is slightly high, and the maximum temperature difference t between the cells in the current energy storage system is also considered. dmax When the temperature is below 5℃, indicating that the temperature inside the current energy storage system is low, the thermal management system is controlled to be in single-machine cooling mode.

[0177] Therefore, since the maximum temperature difference of the cells in the current energy storage system is small, only all the first valves 4 are opened, and the first liquid cooling unit 1 cools all the battery clusters 3 to reduce the overall temperature of the battery device, improve the operating performance of the battery device in the energy storage system, and reduce energy consumption.

[0178] In addition, such as Figure 7 As shown, when it is determined that the thermal management system needs to be in single-unit cooling mode, the control method of the thermal management system of the energy storage system also includes:

[0179] The control module can determine and execute the following steps:

[0180] Determine the highest temperature t of the battery cells in the current energy storage system. max Satisfy: t cn ≤tmax ≤t dn At that time, the first liquid cooling unit 1 operated at a power of P n Continue running and determine the highest temperature t of the cells in the current energy storage system. max Does it satisfy: t max <t cn ;

[0181] When determining the highest temperature t of the battery cells in the current energy storage system max <t cn At that time, the first liquid cooling unit 1 is controlled to operate at power P. n-k Run, continue to judge t max Does it satisfy: t max <t cn-k ;or,

[0182] When determining the highest temperature t of the battery cells in the current energy storage system max Satisfy: t cn ≤t max ≤t dn At that time, the first liquid cooling unit 1 is still controlled at power P. n run;

[0183] When determining the highest temperature t of the battery cells in the current energy storage system max <t cn-k And satisfy t max If the minimum set temperature is not reached, control the first liquid cooling unit 1 to operate at power P. n-k-1 run;

[0184] When determining the highest temperature t of the battery cells in the current energy storage system max <t cn-k And satisfy t max When the minimum set temperature is reached, the first liquid cooling unit 1 is controlled to stop working;

[0185] When determining the highest temperature t of the battery cells in the current energy storage system max Satisfy: t cn-k ≤t max ≤t dn-k At that time, the first liquid cooling unit 1 is still controlled at power P. n-k run;

[0186] Wherein, t satisfies: dn >t cn >t dn-k >t cn-k And P n >P n-k >P n-k-1 n is a positive integer greater than 1, and k is a positive integer greater than or equal to 1 and less than n.

[0187] It should be noted that P includes P1, P2, ... P mentioned above. n-k-1 P n-k ...P n The battery management system of the control module can adjust the temperature based on the maximum temperature difference t of the cells in the current energy storage system. dmax Adjusting the operating power P of the first liquid cooling unit 1 improves the reliability and feasibility of adjusting the operating power of the first liquid cooling unit 1.

[0188] When k equals 1, the following condition is satisfied: 2℃ < t cn -t cn-k <6℃, and / or, 2℃ <t dn -t dn-k <6℃.

[0189] Alternatively, when k equals 1, the following condition must be met: 2℃ < t cn -t cn-k <6℃, t cn -t cn-k The value can be 2℃, 2.2℃, 2.4℃, 2.5℃, 2.6℃, 2.8℃, 3.0℃, 3.2℃, 3.4℃, 3.5℃, 3.6℃, ​​3.8℃, 4.0℃, 4.2℃, 4.4℃, 4.5℃, 4.6℃, 4.8℃, 5.0℃, 5.2℃, 5.4℃, 5.5℃, 5.6℃, 5.8℃, 6.0℃, etc., or other values ​​within the above range. This embodiment does not impose any restrictions on this.

[0190] Alternatively, when k equals 1, the following condition must be met: 2℃ < t dn -t dn-k <6℃, t dn -t dn-k The value can be 2℃, 2.2℃, 2.4℃, 2.5℃, 2.6℃, 2.8℃, 3.0℃, 3.2℃, 3.4℃, 3.5℃, 3.6℃, ​​3.8℃, 4.0℃, 4.2℃, 4.4℃, 4.5℃, 4.6℃, 4.8℃, 5.0℃, 5.2℃, 5.4℃, 5.5℃, 5.6℃, 5.8℃, 6.0℃, etc., or other values ​​within the above range. This embodiment does not impose any restrictions on this.

[0191] The steps and principles for adjusting the operating power of the first liquid chiller unit 1 when the thermal management system is in single-machine refrigeration mode are the same as those for adjusting the operating power of the first liquid chiller unit 1 when the thermal management system is in dual-machine adaptive refrigeration mode, so they will not be repeated here.

[0192] Therefore, by judging the current t maxWhether the preset maximum temperature range is met in a progressively decreasing manner, and then controlling the operating power P of the first liquid cooling unit 1 according to the corresponding preset maximum temperature range, so that the first liquid cooling unit 1 can achieve multi-level power regulation in single-unit cooling mode, which is beneficial to reducing the energy consumption of the thermal management system, and at the same time, it is beneficial to accurately control the current t max Lowering the target temperature value improves the accuracy and stability of the thermal management system in regulating the battery devices of the energy storage system to maintain optimal operating temperatures.

[0193] In one possible implementation, such as Figure 1 As shown, the control method of the thermal management system of the energy storage system also includes:

[0194] When the highest temperature t of the battery cell in the current energy storage system max Not satisfied: 25℃ < t max When the temperature is <37℃, continue to determine the highest temperature t of the battery cell in the energy storage system. max Does it satisfy the condition: tmax≤25℃?

[0195] When determining the highest temperature t of the battery cells in the energy storage system max When the temperature is ≤25℃, continue to determine the maximum temperature difference t of the cells in the current energy storage system. dmax Does it satisfy: t dmax <5℃;

[0196] When the maximum temperature difference t of the cells in the current energy storage system dmax If <5℃, continue to determine t dmax Does it satisfy: t dmax <2℃;

[0197] When the maximum temperature difference t of the cells in the current energy storage system dmax When the temperature is <2℃, both the first liquid cooling unit 1 and the second liquid cooling unit 2 are stopped from working, that is, the water pumps and compressors of the first liquid cooling unit 1 and the second liquid cooling unit 2 are not working, so that the thermal management system is in a static mode.

[0198] In this embodiment, when determining the highest temperature t of the battery cell in the current energy storage system... max When the temperature is ≤25℃, it is determined that the overall temperature of the current energy storage system is moderate, and the maximum temperature difference t between the cells in the current energy storage system is... dmax When the temperature is less than 2℃, it is determined that the temperature in the current energy storage system is moderate. At this time, the temperature of each cell of the battery device in the energy storage system is at the normal operating temperature and the temperature is uniform. There is no need to cool down. The first liquid cooling unit 1 and the second liquid cooling unit 2 are stopped to keep the thermal management system in a static mode, so that the discharge rate and voltage of the battery device are moderate, thereby improving the operating performance of the battery device in the energy storage system.

[0199] In summary, the thermal management system of the energy storage system provided in this application has six modes: self-circulation mode, dual-machine adaptive cooling mode, dual-machine full-power cooling mode, single-machine cooling mode, single-machine adaptive cooling mode, and static mode. This allows the thermal management system to switch modes in real time according to the current cell temperature of the battery device, which is beneficial for precise temperature control and temperature equalization, while reducing the energy consumption of the energy storage system and lowering the operating cost.

[0200] In one possible implementation, such as Figure 8 As shown, the first valve 4 is a ball valve, and the second valve 5 is a solenoid valve.

[0201] When the thermal management system is in any of the following modes: self-circulation mode, dual-machine adaptive cooling mode, dual-machine full-power cooling mode, single-machine cooling mode, and single-machine adaptive cooling mode, all first valves 4 are opened by default, and the opening degree is 100%. The first valve 4 is a ball valve, which reduces the resistance of the coolant flowing through the first valve 4, reduces energy loss, improves the overall cooling capacity of the energy storage system, and improves the temperature uniformity of each battery cluster 3. At the same time, the ball valve has a simple structure, is easy to maintain, and reduces production and maintenance costs.

[0202] Furthermore, the second valve 5 is a solenoid valve, and its opening degree is adjustable to ensure a faster response speed. This allows for rapid cooling of the battery cluster 3 containing the hottest cell, thus achieving rapid temperature equalization of the energy storage system. Simultaneously, with the first valve 4 remaining at 100% opening, adjusting the opening degree of the second valve 5 allows for fine-tuning of the flow rate to the battery cluster 3 corresponding to the one with the second valve 5 open. This means that when the second valve 5 needs to increase the flow rate to a particular battery cluster 3, it will not affect the flow rate to other battery clusters 3 that are not connected to the second valve 5, nor will it affect the cooling capacity of other battery clusters 3, thereby improving the feasibility and reliability of achieving temperature equalization across all battery clusters 3.

[0203] In one possible implementation, when the thermal management system is in dual-machine adaptive cooling mode or single-machine adaptive cooling mode, the opening degree of the second valve 5 can increase or decrease along with the change in the operating power of the second liquid cooling unit 2, thereby increasing the rate at which the second liquid cooling unit 2 controls the battery cluster 3 containing the highest temperature cell to adjust to the target temperature, so as to achieve rapid temperature equalization of the energy storage system.

[0204] In another possible implementation, the first valve 4 can also be a solenoid valve. When the thermal management system is in dual-machine adaptive cooling mode, the opening degree of the first valve 4 can increase or decrease along with the operating power of the second liquid cooling unit 2, thereby increasing the rate at which the first liquid cooling unit 1 controls all battery clusters 3 to adjust to the target temperature, thus achieving rapid cooling of the energy storage system. Furthermore, when the thermal management system is in single-machine adaptive cooling mode, the opening degree of the first valve 4 can also be adjusted. If the temperature of other battery clusters 3 besides those cooled by the second liquid cooling unit 2 suddenly rises, the opening degree of the first valve 4 corresponding to those battery clusters 3 can be increased to achieve rapid cooling.

[0205] In one possible implementation, the rated power of the first liquid-cooled unit 1 is greater than the rated power of the second liquid-cooled unit 2.

[0206] In this embodiment, since the first liquid cooling unit 1 is used to cool the battery clusters 3 in the entire energy storage system, and the second liquid cooling unit 2 is used to cool the battery cluster 3 where the cell with the highest current temperature is located, the rated power of the first liquid cooling unit 1 is greater than the rated power of the second liquid cooling unit 2, which helps to reduce energy consumption and reduce the risk of over-cooling of the battery cluster 3 where the cell with the highest current temperature is located.

[0207] This application also provides an energy storage system, which includes a control method for the thermal management system of the energy storage system in any of the above embodiments.

[0208] The energy storage system includes a thermal management system. The battery device includes multiple battery clusters 3, each battery cluster 3 including multiple battery cells. Each battery cluster 3 includes a first water inlet, a second water inlet, and a water outlet. The liquid cooling pipeline includes multiple first water inlet pipes 6, multiple second water inlet pipes 7, and multiple water outlet pipes 8. The first water inlet pipes 6 are used to connect the first water inlet to the first liquid cooling unit 1, the second water inlet pipes 7 are used to connect the second water inlet to the second liquid cooling unit 2, and the water outlet pipes 8 are used to connect the water outlet to the first liquid cooling unit 1 and the second liquid cooling unit 2. Multiple first valves 4 are installed... Multiple second valves 5 are installed between each first water inlet pipe 6 and each first water inlet, and between each second water inlet pipe 7 and each second water inlet, so that the first liquid cooling unit 1 and the second liquid cooling unit 2 are connected in parallel. This allows each of the first and second liquid cooling units to independently cool the battery clusters 3. Even if the operating power of the second liquid cooling unit 2 or the flow rate of coolant to a certain part of the battery clusters 3 changes, it will not affect the first liquid cooling unit 1, reducing the risk of a decrease in the overall cooling capacity of the energy storage system. This achieves rapid temperature equalization of the energy storage system and keeps it at its optimal operating temperature. The above description is merely a specific implementation of the embodiments of this application, but the protection scope of the embodiments of this application is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed in the embodiments of this application should be covered within the protection scope of the embodiments of this application. Therefore, the protection scope of the embodiments of this application should be determined by the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A control method for the thermal management system of an energy storage system, characterized in that, The thermal management system includes at least: a first liquid cooling unit, a second liquid cooling unit, multiple liquid cooling pipelines, and multiple first valves and second valves. The first liquid cooling unit and the second liquid cooling unit are respectively connected in parallel with multiple battery clusters of the energy storage system through the multiple liquid cooling pipelines. The first valve is connected between the inlet of the first liquid cooling unit and the inlet of the multiple battery clusters of the energy storage system, and the second valve is connected between the second liquid cooling unit and another inlet of the multiple battery clusters of the energy storage system. The first liquid cooling unit and the second liquid cooling unit are connected in parallel. The control method for the thermal management system of the energy storage system includes at least the following steps: Obtain the highest temperature t of the battery cells in the current energy storage system. max And determine the current state of the thermal management system; Determine the highest temperature t of the battery cells in the current energy storage system. max Does it satisfy the condition: 25℃ < t max <37℃; When the highest temperature t of the battery cell in the current energy storage system max Not satisfied: 25℃ < t max When the temperature is <37℃, continue to determine the highest temperature t of the battery cell in the energy storage system. max Does it satisfy: t max ≤25℃; When the highest temperature t of the battery cell in the current energy storage system max Calculate the maximum temperature difference t of the battery cells in the current energy storage system when the temperature is ≤25℃. dmax And determine the maximum temperature difference t of the cells in the current energy storage system. dmax Does it satisfy: t dmax <5℃; When the maximum temperature difference t of the cells in the current energy storage system dmax When the temperature is ≥5℃, the battery cluster where the highest temperature cell in the energy storage system is located is identified and located. All first valves are opened, and the water pump of the first liquid cooling unit is controlled to work. At least the second valve connected to the battery cluster where the highest temperature cell is located is opened, and the second liquid cooling unit is operated at power W so that the thermal management system is in a single-unit adaptive cooling mode.

2. The control method for the thermal management system of the energy storage system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The control method for the thermal management system of the energy storage system further includes: When the highest temperature t of the battery cell in the current energy storage system max Satisfy: 25℃ < t max When the temperature is <37℃, continue to determine the maximum temperature difference t of the cells in the current energy storage system. dmax Does it satisfy: t dmax <5℃; When the maximum temperature difference t of the cells in the current energy storage system dmax When the temperature is ≥5℃, the battery cluster where the highest temperature cell is located is identified and located. All first valves are opened, and the water pumps and compressors of the first liquid cooling unit and the second liquid cooling unit are controlled to work. At least the second valve connected to the battery cluster where the highest temperature cell is located is opened. The first liquid cooling unit operates at power M, and the second liquid cooling unit operates at power W, so that the thermal management system is in a dual-machine adaptive cooling mode.

3. The control method for the thermal management system of the energy storage system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The control method for the thermal management system of the energy storage system further includes: When the highest temperature t of the battery cell in the current energy storage system max Not satisfied: 25℃ < t max When the temperature is <37℃, continue to determine the highest temperature t of the battery cell in the energy storage system. max Does it satisfy: t max ≤25℃; When determining the highest temperature t of the battery cells in the current energy storage system max When the temperature is ≥25℃, continue to determine the maximum temperature difference t of the cells in the current energy storage system. dmax Does it satisfy: t dmax <5℃; When the maximum temperature difference t of the cells in the current energy storage system dmax When the temperature is ≥5℃, the battery cluster where the highest temperature cell is located is identified and located. All first valves are opened, and the water pumps and compressors of the first liquid cooling unit and the second liquid cooling unit are controlled to work. At least the second valve connected to the battery cluster where the highest temperature cell is located is opened. The first liquid cooling unit operates at power M, and the second liquid cooling unit operates at power W, so that the thermal management system is in a dual-machine adaptive cooling mode.

4. The control method for the thermal management system of the energy storage system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The control method of the thermal management system of the energy storage system further includes: calculating the average temperature t of all cells in the current energy storage system. mean And according to the formula: Calculate the maximum temperature difference t of the cells in the current energy storage system. dmax .

5. The control method for the thermal management system of the energy storage system according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that, When the thermal management system is in the dual-machine adaptive cooling mode or the single-machine adaptive cooling mode, at time K2 t rmax Not equal to t max Furthermore, the control method of the thermal management system of the energy storage system further includes: calculating the average temperature t of all cells in the current energy storage system. mean According to the formula: The maximum temperature difference t of the cells in the energy storage system was calculated. dmax1 ; Among them, t mean Let t be the average temperature of all cells in the current energy storage system. rmax The highest temperature of the cell in the battery cluster containing the highest-temperature cell in the energy storage system at time K1 is the current highest temperature of the cell at that time t. rmax equal to t max .

6. The control method for the thermal management system of the energy storage system according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that, When it is determined that the thermal management system needs to be in the single-unit adaptive cooling mode or the dual-unit adaptive cooling mode, the control method of the thermal management system of the energy storage system further includes: When determining the maximum temperature difference t of the cells in the current energy storage system dmax Satisfy: t sn ≤t dmax ≤t fn At that time, the second liquid chiller unit operates at a power of W n Continue running and determine the maximum temperature difference t of the cells in the current energy storage system. dmax Does it satisfy: t dmax <t sn ; When the maximum temperature difference t of the cells in the current energy storage system dmax <t sn At that time, control the second liquid chiller unit to operate at a power of W. n-k Continue running and determine the maximum temperature difference t of the cells in the current energy storage system. dmax Does it satisfy: t dmax <t sn-k Or, when the maximum temperature difference t of the cells in the current energy storage system dmax Still satisfies: t sn ≤t dmax ≤t fn At that time, the second liquid chiller unit is still controlled to operate at power W. n Continue running; When determining the maximum temperature difference t of the cells in the current energy storage system dmax <t sn-k And satisfy t dmax If the minimum preset temperature difference is not reached, control the second liquid cooling unit to operate at a power of W. n-k-1 run; When determining the maximum temperature difference t of the cells in the current energy storage system dmax <t sn-k And satisfy t dmax When the minimum preset temperature difference is reached, the second liquid cooling unit is controlled to stop working; When judging t fn-k ≥t dmax ≥t sn-k At that time, the second liquid chiller unit is still controlled to operate at power W. n-k run; Wherein, t satisfies: fn >t sn >t fn-k >t sn-k And W n >W n-k >W n-k-1 n is a positive integer greater than 1, and k is a positive integer greater than or equal to 1 and less than n.

7. The control method for the thermal management system of the energy storage system according to claim 6, characterized in that, When k equals 1, the following condition is satisfied: 1℃ < t sn -t sn-k <2.5℃, and / or, 1℃ <t fn -t fn-k <2.5℃.

8. The control method for the thermal management system of the energy storage system according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that, When it is determined that the thermal management system needs to be in the dual-machine adaptive cooling mode, the control method of the thermal management system of the energy storage system further includes: Determine the highest temperature t of the battery cells in the current energy storage system. max Satisfy: t an ≤t max ≤t bn At that time, the first liquid cooling unit operates at a power of M n Continue running and determine the highest temperature t of the cells in the current energy storage system. max Does it satisfy: t max <t an ; When determining the highest temperature t of the battery cells in the current energy storage system max <t an At that time, the first liquid cooling unit is controlled to operate at power M. n-k Run, continue to judge t max Does it satisfy: t max <t an-k ;or, When determining the highest temperature t of the battery cells in the current energy storage system max Satisfy: t an ≤t max ≤t bn At that time, the first liquid cooling unit is still controlled at power M. n run; When determining the highest temperature t of the battery cells in the current energy storage system max <t an-k And satisfy t max If the minimum set temperature is not reached, control the first liquid cooling unit to operate at power M. n-k-1 run; When determining the highest temperature t of the battery cells in the current energy storage system max <t an-k And satisfy t max When the minimum set temperature is reached, the first liquid cooling unit is controlled to stop working; When determining the highest temperature t of the battery cells in the current energy storage system max Satisfy: t an-k ≤t max ≤t bn-k At that time, the first liquid cooling unit is still controlled at power M. n-k run; Wherein, t satisfies: bn >t an >t bn-k >t an-k And M n >M n-k >M n-k-1 n is a positive integer greater than 1, and k is a positive integer greater than or equal to 1 and less than n.

9. The control method for the thermal management system of the energy storage system according to claim 8, characterized in that, When k equals 1, the following condition is satisfied: 2℃ < t an -t an-k <6℃, and / or, 2℃ <t bn -t bn-k <6℃.

10. The control method for the thermal management system of the energy storage system according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, The control method for the thermal management system of the energy storage system further includes: When the highest temperature t of the battery cell in the current energy storage system max Not satisfied: 25℃ < t max When the temperature is <37℃, continue to determine the highest temperature t of the battery cell in the energy storage system. max Does it satisfy: t max ≤25℃; When the highest temperature t of the battery cell in the current energy storage system max When the temperature is ≥25℃, continue to determine the maximum temperature difference t of the cells in the current energy storage system. dmax Does it satisfy: t dmax <5℃; When the maximum temperature difference t of the cells in the current energy storage system dmax When the temperature is <5℃, all the first valves and all the second valves are open, controlling the water pumps and compressors of the first liquid cooling unit and the second liquid cooling unit to work, and the first liquid cooling unit and the second liquid cooling unit to operate at rated power, so that the thermal management system is in dual-machine full-power cooling mode.

11. The control method for the thermal management system of the energy storage system according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, The control method for the thermal management system of the energy storage system further includes: When the highest temperature t of the battery cell in the current energy storage system max Not satisfied: 25℃ < t max When the temperature is <37℃, continue to determine the highest temperature t of the battery cell in the energy storage system. max Does it satisfy: t max ≤25℃; When determining the highest temperature t of the battery cells in the energy storage system max When the temperature is ≤25℃, continue with the maximum temperature difference t of the cells in the current energy storage system. dmax Does it satisfy: t dmax <5℃; When the maximum temperature difference t of the cells in the current energy storage system dmax If <5℃, continue to determine t dmax Does it satisfy: t dmax <2℃; When determining the maximum temperature difference t of the cells in the current energy storage system dmax When the temperature is ≥2℃, all the first valves and all the second valves are opened, controlling the water pumps of the first liquid cooling unit and the second liquid cooling unit to work, so that the thermal management system is in self-circulation mode.

12. The control method for the thermal management system of the energy storage system according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, The rated power of the first liquid-cooled unit is greater than the rated power of the second liquid-cooled unit.

13. An energy storage system, characterized in that, The energy storage system includes the control method of the thermal management system of the energy storage system according to any one of claims 1-12; The energy storage system includes a thermal management system and a battery device, wherein the battery device includes multiple battery clusters, and each battery cluster includes multiple battery cells; Each of the battery clusters includes a first water inlet, a second water inlet, and a water outlet. The liquid cooling pipeline includes multiple first water inlet pipelines, multiple second water inlet pipelines, and multiple water outlet pipelines. The first water inlet pipeline is used to connect the first water inlet to the first liquid cooling unit. The second water inlet pipeline is used to connect the second water inlet to the second liquid cooling unit. The water outlet pipeline is used to connect the water outlet to the first liquid cooling unit and the second liquid cooling unit.

14. The energy storage system according to claim 13, characterized in that, The battery device also includes a control module and a monitoring module. The control module and the monitoring module are capable of information exchange. The monitoring module includes a temperature sensor and determines the current state of the thermal management system. The temperature sensor is used to detect the current temperature of each of the battery cells and interacts the temperature information of each battery cell with the control module to obtain the highest temperature t of the battery cells in the current energy storage system. max ; The control module is used to determine the highest temperature t of the battery cell in the current energy storage system. max The relationship between the temperature range and the preset maximum temperature range of the cells in the energy storage system is calculated, and the maximum temperature difference t of the cells in the current energy storage system is calculated. dmax To determine the maximum temperature difference t of the cells in the current energy storage system. dmax The relationship between the preset maximum temperature difference of the cells in the energy storage system and the operating status of the first liquid cooler, the second liquid cooler, and the second valve is used to control the thermal management system to switch to different modes.

15. The energy storage system according to claim 14, characterized in that, The control module can determine the maximum temperature difference t of the cells in the current energy storage system. dmax Adjust the operating power of the second liquid-cooled unit; The control module can determine the highest temperature t of the battery cell in the current energy storage system. max Adjust the operating power of the first liquid cooler unit.

Images