Suspension power supply trigger system of MOS (Metal Oxide Semiconductor) transistor

Abstract

An MOS tube suspension power supply trigger system comprises a microprocessor, an MOS tube driving and current sampling unit, an isolation power supply module and an MCU power supply module. The output voltage end and the trigger end of the isolation power supply module are both connected with the MOS tube driving and current sampling unit, the output end of the microprocessor is connected with the MOS tube driving and current sampling unit, and the MOS tube driving and current sampling unit comprises an optoelectronic isolator, a triode, a current sampling sensor and an MOS tube; the output end of the microprocessor is connected with the input end of the optoelectronic isolator, one pin of the output end of the optoelectronic isolator is connected with the trigger end of the isolated power supply module, the other pin is connected with the base electrode of the triode, and the emitter electrode of the triode is connected with the output voltage end of the isolated power supply module; the collector electrode is connected with the grid electrode of the MOS tube; the source electrode of the MOS tube is connected with the trigger end of the isolation power supply module, and the drain electrode of the MOS tube is connected with the current sampling sensor. According to the invention, the control protection is accurate, the MOS tube switch is switched on and off in a contactless manner, and the safety, controllability and reliability of equipment can be effectively ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of MOS tube suspension drive control, in particular to a MOS tube suspension power supply triggering system. Background Art

[0002] The increasing diversity and importance of equipment within shelters necessitates an intelligent power distribution system. Its key mission is to control power output in real time while providing highly accurate protection to ensure the safety of on-board equipment. Currently, commonly used relay or contactor controls present several challenges, including bulk, relatively high cost, high noise levels during opening and closing, and an inability to transmit real-time information such as voltage, current, and temperature.

[0003] Therefore, the present invention urgently needs to design a better intelligent distribution solution to adapt to the diversity and growing requirements of the equipment inside the cabin, so as to provide a more efficient, safe and intelligent power management solution for the interior of the vehicle to solve the above technical problems. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the above-mentioned deficiencies in the prior art and to provide a MOS tube floating power supply triggering system.

[0005] The technical solution of the present invention is: a MOS tube floating power supply trigger system, comprising a microprocessor, a MOS tube drive and current sampling unit, an isolation power supply module and an MCU power supply module; the MCU power supply module supplies power to the microprocessor, the output voltage terminal and the trigger terminal of the isolation power supply module are both connected to the MOS tube drive and current sampling unit, the output terminal of the microprocessor is connected to the MOS tube drive and current sampling unit, the MOS tube drive and current sampling unit comprises a photoelectric isolator, a transistor, a current sampling sensor and a MOS tube; the output terminal of the microprocessor is connected to the input terminal of the photoelectric isolator, one pin of the output terminal of the photoelectric isolator is connected to the trigger terminal of the isolation power supply module, the other pin is connected to the base of the transistor, the emitter of the transistor is connected to the output voltage terminal of the isolation power supply module; the collector is connected to the gate of the MOS tube; the source of the MOS tube is connected to the trigger terminal of the isolation power supply module, and the drain of the MOS tube is connected to the current sampling sensor.

[0006] Furthermore, the MCU power supply module includes a power conversion chip U8 and a power conversion chip U7. The DC power supply is connected to the input end of the power conversion chip U8 through a filtering circuit; the output end voltage of the power conversion chip U8 is used as the input end voltage of the power conversion chip U7, and the output end of the power conversion chip U7 outputs the converted voltage to power the microprocessor.

[0007] Furthermore, the isolated power supply module includes a DC converter, which is used to convert the input DC voltage and output it to the MOS tube driving and current sampling unit as a driving power supply. The output end of the DC converter is connected to a series circuit of a light-emitting diode D2 and a resistor, the anode of the light-emitting diode D2 is connected to one end of the resistor, and the other end of the resistor is connected to the output voltage. The cathode of the light-emitting diode D2 serves as the trigger end for power isolation, and the light-emitting diode D2 is connected in series with the resistor and also in parallel with the capacitor.

[0008] Furthermore, the output end of the power conversion chip U7 outputs the converted voltage and also powers the optoelectronic isolator; the current sampling unit includes a current Hall sensor, the drain of the MOS tube is connected to the IP-end of the current Hall sensor, the IP+ end of the current Hall sensor is connected to the 24V voltage, and current sampling is performed through the IP+ end; the output end of the current Hall sensor is connected to the parallel circuit of the transient suppression diode and the resistor R24 through the resistor R23.

[0009] Furthermore, the power triggering system further includes a temperature sampling unit and a voltage sampling unit, and both the temperature sampling unit and the voltage sampling unit are connected to the input end of the microprocessor.

[0010] Furthermore, the temperature sampling unit and the voltage sampling unit use operational amplifiers, and the operational amplifiers include U6A and U6B. U6A is used for temperature sampling, and U6B is used for voltage sampling.

[0011] Furthermore, the non-inverting input terminal of U6A is connected to the temperature terminal J1 to be sampled via the resistor R34, the inverting input terminal of U6A is connected to the output terminal of U6A via the capacitor C32, the output terminal of U6A is connected to one end of the resistor R26, the inverting input terminal of U6A is also connected to the other end of the resistor R26 via the resistor R29, and the other end of the resistor R26 is also connected to the input terminal of the microprocessor and the limiting circuit A2.

[0012] Furthermore, the non-inverting input terminal of U6B is connected to a parallel circuit of multiple resistors and capacitors via resistor R20 and then connected to a 24V voltage for sampling. The inverting input terminal of U6B is connected to the output terminal of U6B via capacitor C13. The output terminal of U6B is connected to one end of resistor R25. The inverting input terminal of U6B is also connected to the other end of resistor R25 via resistor R28. The other end of resistor R25 is also connected to the input terminal of the microprocessor and the limiting circuit A1.

[0013] Furthermore, the microprocessor adopts Arteli's 32-bit high-performance AT32F407VGT7 chip with a main frequency of 240MHz, which can realize internal and external communication functions through 2 CAN interfaces, and collect external input information and control the output fault LED light in real time.

[0014] Furthermore, the microprocessor is arranged on the main control board, the MOS tube drive and current sampling unit, the temperature sampling unit and the voltage sampling unit are arranged on the drive control board, and the microcontroller of the drive control board collects current, voltage and temperature signals and processes and analyzes them, and receives the main control board signal in real time through the CAN bus to control the MOS tube to be turned on or off.

[0015] Beneficial effects of the present invention: (1) By setting up an isolation power module and an MCU power module for DC distribution, the control conduction power of the MOS tube is isolated from the actual power supply required by the external device through power isolation. At the same time, the power supply of the microprocessor does not require special processing, which makes the trigger system more convenient and does not require consideration of power supply selection; (2) By setting up an isolated power supply module to drive the trigger of the MOS tube and the current sampling unit to collect current information through the Hall sensor, the trigger circuit is more stable and will not cause MOS tube malfunction due to power interference from the external circuit. At the same time, the Hall sensor samples current faster and more accurately; (3) By setting the voltage and temperature sampling units to collect the MOS tube temperature and system voltage in real time, when detecting the temperature, when the MOS tube temperature is higher than 80℃, the microprocessor will issue an alarm message and send a MOS tube shutdown signal at the same time to protect the MOS tube from damage due to high temperature; when detecting the real-time voltage, when the system voltage is higher than the protection value (which can be freely set), the microprocessor will send a MOS tube shutdown instruction to disconnect the equipment power supply and protect the electrical equipment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the circuit principle of the MCU power module according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 1 is a schematic diagram of the circuit principle of the microprocessor U1 according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the circuit principle of the isolated power supply module according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the circuit principle of the MOS tube driving and current sampling unit according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the circuit principle of the temperature sampling unit according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the circuit principle of the voltage sampling unit according to an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0017] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0018] A MOS tube suspension power supply trigger system includes a microprocessor, a MOS tube driver and current sampling unit, an isolated power supply module, an MCU power supply module, a temperature sampling unit, and a voltage sampling unit; the MCU power supply module supplies power to the microprocessor, the output voltage terminal and the trigger terminal of the isolated power supply module are both connected to the MOS tube driver and current sampling unit, the temperature sampling unit and the voltage sampling unit are both connected to the input terminal of the microprocessor, and the output terminal of the microprocessor is connected to the MOS tube driver and current sampling unit.

[0019] Specifically, if Figure 1 As shown, the MCU power module includes power conversion chip U8 and power conversion chip U7. A 24V DC power supply is connected to the input of power conversion chip U8 via a filter circuit. One branch of the output of power conversion chip U8 is connected to an LED via a resistor. One end of the resistor is connected to VCC, the other end is connected to the anode of the LED, and the cathode of the LED is grounded. Another branch of the output of power conversion chip U8 is connected to pin 1 of power conversion chip U8 via a capacitor. The input of power conversion chip U7 is connected to VCC, and the output of power conversion chip U7 outputs the converted voltage. The operating principle of the MCU power module is as follows: 24V DC power enters the MCU power module, is filtered by the inductor and capacitor of the filter circuit, and enters the input of power conversion chip U8. U8 generates a 5V voltage, that is, VCC is 5V. The 5V power supply is then passed through power conversion chip U7 to generate a 3.3V MCU power supply for the microprocessor (MCU).

[0020] like Figure 2 As shown: In this embodiment, the microprocessor U1 adopts the AT32F407VGT7 chip with high performance and main frequency of 240MHz produced by Artly, which can realize internal and external communication functions respectively through 2-way CAN interfaces, and collect external input information and control the output fault LED light in real time, that is, LED1 connected to the microprocessor.

[0021] like Figure 3 As shown: In this embodiment, the isolated power supply module includes an isolated power supply chip U5. The 24V DC power supply is connected to the input terminal of U5 after being filtered by a capacitor and an inductor. The output terminal of U5 is connected to the series circuit of a light-emitting diode D2 and a resistor, and is also connected to the two ends of the capacitor. The cathode end of the light-emitting diode D2 serves as the COM1 end, which is connected to the MOS tube drive and current sampling unit. Preferably, the model of the isolated power supply chip U5 is a WRF2415S-1WR2 DC converter, which can convert the 24V DC power supply to 15V; the COM1 end serves as the trigger end for power isolation.

[0022] like Figure 4As shown in this embodiment, the MOS transistor drive and current sampling unit includes an optoelectronic isolation chip U2, a transistor U3, a current Hall effect sensor U4, and a MOS transistor Q1. Pin 1 of the optoelectronic isolation chip U2 is connected to a 3.3V voltage via a resistor; pin 2 is connected to the output terminal PA0 of the microprocessor U1; and pin 2 of U2 is also connected to a 3.3V voltage via a light-emitting diode D1 and a resistor R22. Pin 4 of the optoelectronic isolation chip U2 is connected to the base of the transistor U3 via a resistor; and pin 3 of U2 is connected to the COM1 terminal (U5 isolated power supply). By providing optoelectronic isolation with the optoelectronic isolation chip U2, electrical isolation between the input and output of the MOS transistor drive and current sampling unit can be achieved, effectively preventing signal interference and mutual influence of current loops. Furthermore, by connecting pin 3 of the optoelectronic isolation chip U2 to the COM1 terminal of the isolated power supply module, power supply isolation can be triggered, thereby avoiding potential voltage surges, noise transmission, and ground interference, thereby improving system stability and reliability. The emitter of transistor U3 is connected to the 15V output of the isolated power supply module, while the collector is connected to the gate of MOS transistor Q1 via a resistor. MOS transistor Q1's source is connected to COM1, and its drain is connected to the IP- terminal of current Hall effect sensor U4. The IP+ terminal of current Hall effect sensor U4 is connected to 24V, and current sampling is performed through the IP+ terminal. U4's VCC terminal is grounded via a capacitor, and U4's output terminal is connected to a parallel circuit consisting of a transient suppression diode and another resistor, R24, via a resistor R23. By connecting the source of MOS transistor Q1 to COM1 (U5's isolated power supply), the driven MOS transistor is physically isolated from the power supply. This effectively protects low-voltage circuits in high-voltage environments, reducing potential dangers and safety risks.

[0023] Among them, COM1 is isolated by WRF2415S-1WR2 isolated power supply. Figure 3 The input GND of the power supply at pin 1 of the isolated power supply chip U5 is disconnected from the COM1 at pin 7. The input power +24V and output +15V power of U5 do not interfere with each other and do not share the same ground. Figure 4 The power supply of the optocoupler input end of U2 is grounded with the power supply of the device. The output end is isolated by the optocoupler, so that the control signal power supply uses the +15V isolated power supply of U5. The isolated power supply turns on the MOS tube, and the device power is turned on by Figure 4 Connect pin 2 to pin 3 of Q1 to control the power supply of the device.

[0024] like Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown: In this embodiment, the temperature sampling unit and the voltage sampling unit use operational amplifiers, and the operational amplifiers include U6A and U6B. U6A is used for temperature sampling, and U6B is used for voltage sampling.

[0025] The non-inverting input terminal (pin 3) of U6A is connected to the temperature terminal J1 to be sampled via resistor R34, the inverting input terminal (pin 2) of U6A is connected to the output terminal of U6A via capacitor C32, the output terminal of U6A is connected to one end of resistor R26, the inverting input terminal of U6A is also connected to the other end of resistor R26 via resistor R29, and the other end of resistor R26 is also connected to the PA3 terminal of the microprocessor U1 and the limiting circuit A2.

[0026] The non-inverting input terminal (pin 5) of U6B is connected to the parallel circuit of resistors and capacitors (i.e. R5, C7, R27, C12) through resistor R20 and is connected to the 24V voltage for sampling. The inverting input terminal (pin 6) of U6B is connected to the output terminal of U6B through capacitor C13. The output terminal of U6B is connected to one end of resistor R25. The inverting input terminal of U6B is also connected to the other end of resistor R25 through resistor R28. The other end of resistor R25 is also connected to the PA1 terminal of the microprocessor U1 and the limiting circuit A1.

[0027] In this embodiment, the microprocessor is arranged on the main control board, and the MOS tube drive and current sampling unit, temperature sampling unit and voltage sampling unit are arranged on the drive control board. The drive control board adopts Artly's 32-bit AT32F413CBT7 microcontroller with a main frequency of 200Mhz. By collecting current, voltage and temperature signals and processing them through the MCU, the system is protected in real time; and the main control board signal is received in real time through the CAN bus to control the MOS tube to be turned on or off.

[0028] The working principle of this embodiment is: The 24V DC power supply enters the MCU power module, is filtered by the inductor and capacitor, and is input to the power conversion chip U8. The power conversion chip U8 generates a 5V voltage, and the 5V power supply generates a 3.3V MCU power supply through the power conversion chip U7.

[0029] The internal program controls the PA0 pin of the microprocessor U1 to output high and low levels to control pin 2 of the optoelectronic isolation chip U2, thereby realizing the conduction and disconnection of the transistor U3, and then turning on and off the MOS tube Q1; the power supply of the optocoupler input end of U2 is shared with the device power supply, and the output end is isolated by the optocoupler, so that the control signal power supply uses the +15V isolated power supply of U5. The isolated power supply turns on the MOS tube, and the device power passes through pin 2 to pin 3 of the MOS tube Q1, thereby realizing the control of the device power on and off.

[0030] When MOS transistor Q1 turns on, the current to be sampled passes through current Hall effect sensor U4. After conversion by the Hall effect sensor, U4 outputs a voltage signal to microprocessor U1, which uses its internal analog-to-digital converter to perform current sampling. Furthermore, MOS transistor Q1's gate (pin 1) and source (pin 3) require a 15V voltage to turn on. However, when MOS transistor Q1 turns on, pin 3 of Q1 will short-circuit if an isolated power supply module is not used. By connecting to the COM1 terminal of the isolated power supply module, an isolated power supply can be used for trigger power isolation, avoiding this problem.

[0031] Temperature and voltage sampling is implemented through U6A and U6B. The sampling signals enter the PA1 and PA3 terminals of the microprocessor U1 to collect the temperature of the MOS tube and the system voltage. When detecting the temperature of the MOS tube above 80°C, the microprocessor will issue an alarm message and send a shutdown signal to protect the MOS tube from damage due to high temperature. When detecting the real-time voltage, if the system voltage exceeds the protection value (which can be freely set), the microprocessor will issue a shutdown command to disconnect the device power and protect the electrical equipment.

[0032] In addition, the microprocessor U1 uses the U7 and U8 power supplies, and the MOS tube Q1 uses the isolated power chip U5. These two power supplies do not share the same GND.

Claims

1. A MOS tube suspension power trigger system, characterized in that: The device comprises a microprocessor, a MOS tube drive and current sampling unit, an isolation power supply module and an MCU power supply module; the MCU power supply module supplies power to the microprocessor; the output voltage terminal and trigger terminal of the isolation power supply module are both connected to the MOS tube drive and current sampling unit; the output terminal of the microprocessor is connected to the MOS tube drive and current sampling unit; the MOS tube drive and current sampling unit comprises a photoelectric isolator, a transistor, a current sampling sensor and a MOS tube; the output terminal of the microprocessor is connected to the input terminal of the photoelectric isolator; one pin of the output terminal of the photoelectric isolator is connected to the trigger terminal of the isolation power supply module, and the other pin is connected to the base of the transistor; the emitter of the transistor is connected to the output voltage terminal of the isolation power supply module; the collector is connected to the gate of the MOS tube; the source of the MOS tube is connected to the trigger terminal of the isolation power supply module, and the drain of the MOS tube is connected to the current sampling sensor.

2. The MOS tube suspension power trigger system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The MCU power supply module includes a power conversion chip U8 and a power conversion chip U7. The DC power supply is connected to the input end of the power conversion chip U8 through a filter circuit; the output end voltage of the power conversion chip U8 is used as the input end voltage of the power conversion chip U7, and the output end of the power conversion chip U7 outputs the converted voltage to power the microprocessor.

3. The MOS tube suspension power trigger system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The isolated power supply module includes a DC converter, which is used to convert the input DC voltage and output it to the MOS tube driving and current sampling unit as a driving power supply. The output end of the DC converter is connected to a series circuit of a light-emitting diode D2 and a resistor. The anode of the light-emitting diode D2 is connected to one end of the resistor, and the other end of the resistor is connected to the output voltage. The cathode of the light-emitting diode D2 serves as the trigger end for power isolation, and the light-emitting diode D2 is connected in series with the resistor and in parallel with the capacitor.

4. The MOS tube floating power supply trigger system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The output end of the power conversion chip U7 outputs the converted voltage and also powers the optoelectronic isolator; the current sampling unit includes a current Hall sensor, the drain of the MOS tube is connected to the IP-end of the current Hall sensor, the IP+ end of the current Hall sensor is connected to the 24V voltage, and current sampling is performed through the IP+ end; the output end of the current Hall sensor is connected to the parallel circuit of the transient suppression diode and the resistor R24 through the resistor R23.

5. The MOS tube suspension power trigger system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The power triggering system further comprises a temperature sampling unit and a voltage sampling unit, and both the temperature sampling unit and the voltage sampling unit are connected to the input end of the microprocessor.

6. The MOS tube suspension power trigger system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The temperature sampling unit and the voltage sampling unit use operational amplifiers, which include U6A and U6B. U6A is used for temperature sampling, and U6B is used for voltage sampling.

7. The MOS tube suspension power supply trigger system according to claim 6, characterized in that: The non-inverting input terminal of U6A is connected to the temperature terminal J1 to be sampled via resistor R34, the inverting input terminal of U6A is connected to the output terminal of U6A via capacitor C32, the output terminal of U6A is connected to one end of resistor R26, the inverting input terminal of U6A is also connected to the other end of resistor R26 via resistor R29, and the other end of resistor R26 is also connected to the input terminal of the microprocessor and the limiting circuit A2.

8. The MOS tube floating power supply trigger system according to claim 6, characterized in that: The non-inverting input terminal of U6B is connected to a parallel circuit of multiple resistors and capacitors via resistor R20 and then connected to a 24V voltage for sampling. The inverting input terminal of U6B is connected to the output terminal of U6B via capacitor C13. The output terminal of U6B is connected to one end of resistor R25. The inverting input terminal of U6B is also connected to the other end of resistor R25 via resistor R28. The other end of resistor R25 is also connected to the input terminal of the microprocessor and the limiting circuit A1.

9. The MOS tube suspension power trigger system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The microprocessor adopts Arteli's 32-bit high-performance AT32F407VGT7 chip with a main frequency of 240MHz, which can realize internal and external communication functions through two CAN interfaces, and collect external input information and control the output fault LED light in real time.

10. The MOS tube suspension power trigger system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The microprocessor is arranged on the main control board, and the MOS tube driving and current sampling unit, temperature sampling unit and voltage sampling unit are arranged on the driving control board. The microcontroller of the driving control board collects current, voltage and temperature signals and processes and analyzes them, and receives the main control board signal in real time through the CAN bus to control the MOS tube to be turned on or off.

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