Preparation method and application of friction nanometer generator

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of friction nano-generators, and discloses a preparation method and application of a friction nano-generator, and the preparation method comprises the following steps: S1, uniformly dispersing CS powder in an acetic acid solution, and continuously stirring in a constant-temperature water bath for a period of time to obtain a faint yellow transparent colloidal solution; s2, after standing, carrying out vacuum degassing treatment to remove residual bubbles; s3, weighing D-xylose and adding the D-xylose into the solution by taking a specific ratio of the mass of the CS powder as a reference; s4, continuously stirring to realize sufficient cross-linking among molecules; according to the preparation method of the friction nano-generator, D-xylose is introduced to be compounded with chitosan (CS), so that the electrical property of a composite film is remarkably improved, and compared with pure CS TENG, the D-xylose-doped TENG is remarkably improved in the aspects of open-circuit voltage (Voc) and short-circuit current (Isc).

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of triboelectric nanogenerators, and in particular to a preparation method and application of triboelectric nanogenerators. Background Art

[0002] Automotive tire sensors are widely used to monitor tire conditions (such as tire pressure and temperature), effectively improving driving safety. However, these sensors typically rely on batteries, and the limited battery life and replacement cycles limit their application and performance. Battery replacement not only consumes significant resources but also poses environmental risks. Therefore, finding sustainable, long-lasting, and environmentally friendly energy harvesting technologies is crucial.

[0003] Due to its unique operating principle, the triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) is an ideal choice for harvesting energy from mechanical sources. Through the triboelectric effect, TENG converts environmental mechanical energy (such as vibration, friction, or rotation) into electrical energy. As a novel energy harvesting technology, TENG offers advantages such as high energy conversion efficiency, simple structure, and low cost. It has shown great potential in various fields, particularly in powering low-power devices such as microelectronic devices and self-powered sensors.

[0004] In tire applications, TENG can harvest the mechanical energy generated during tire rotation and convert it into electrical energy, providing a stable power source for sensors built into the tire, thus avoiding the limitations of traditional batteries. However, tires are often exposed to complex environments such as dust and water, making it impractical to directly mount TENGs on the tire's exterior. Furthermore, triboelectric materials must operate stably under high-frequency, long-term rotational motion. Therefore, developing a TENG device that can adapt to the tire's internal environment and efficiently harvest energy is of great significance.

[0005] Self-powered tire sensors need to be placed inside the tire to collect power to power the electronic components on the circuit board. This places higher requirements on the power output of TENG. Although the power density output of SB / CSTENG has been significantly improved compared to CS TENG, it is still difficult to meet the needs of self-powered tire sensors.

[0006] D-xylose, a five-carbon sugar derived from the hydrolysis of hemicellulose found in plants, has excellent hydrogen-bonding ability. When combined with chitosan (CS) molecules, it significantly enhances the strength and ductility of the composite material, thereby improving the electrical and mechanical properties of triboelectric materials. We have found that composite films based on D-xylose and chitosan (CS) can optimize the performance of triboelectric materials, thereby providing a more efficient and durable energy harvesting solution for self-powered tire sensors.

[0007] Therefore, we propose a preparation method of triboelectric nanogenerator and its application. Summary of the Invention

[0008] (1) Technical problems solved In response to the shortcomings of the existing technology, the present invention provides a preparation method and application of a friction nanogenerator, which has the advantages of strong performance, high power density output and low cost.

[0009] (2) Technical solution In order to achieve the above-mentioned objectives of strong performance, high power density output and low cost, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a method for preparing a triboelectric nanogenerator, comprising the following steps: S1. Disperse CS powder evenly in acetic acid solution and stir continuously in a constant temperature water bath for a period of time to obtain a light yellow transparent colloidal solution; S2. After standing, vacuum degassing is used to remove residual bubbles; S3. Based on a specific ratio of CS powder mass, D-xylose is weighed and added to the above solution; S4, continue stirring to achieve sufficient cross-linking between molecules; S5, using microelectronic printing technology to deposit thin films layer by layer on a silicon-based substrate, ultimately obtaining a D-xylose / CS composite film with uniform thickness; S6. D-xylose / CS composite film is used as a positive triboelectric material and PTFE balls are used as a negative triboelectric material to prepare a triboelectric nanogenerator.

[0010] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, in step S1, the mass of CS powder is 2 g, the concentration of acetic acid solution is 2%, the temperature of the constant temperature water bath is 60° C., and the magnetic stirring time is 4 h.

[0011] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, in step S2, the standing time is 20 minutes and the vacuum degassing treatment time is 15 minutes.

[0012] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the specific proportions in step S3 are: 25%, 50% and 75%.

[0013] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, in step S4, stirring is continued at 70° C. for 8 hours.

[0014] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, in step S5, the size of the D-xylose / CS composite film is 3.5×2.5 cm².

[0015] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, in step S6, several D-xylose / CS composite films are connected end to end to form a ring, two copper foils are attached to the outside of the ring opposite each other, the copper foils and the composite films are connected by wires, and the PDMS film is located on the outermost side to support the D-xylose / CS composite film and the copper foil; The PTFE balls are located inside the ring.

[0016] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the D-xylose / CS composite film and the copper foil are fixed to the inner side of the tire via a PDMS film.

[0017] (3) Beneficial effects Compared with the prior art, the present invention provides a method for preparing a triboelectric nanogenerator, which has the following beneficial effects: 1. The preparation method of this triboelectric nanogenerator significantly improves the electrical properties of the composite film by introducing D-xylose and compounding it with chitosan (CS). Compared with pure CS TENG, the D-xylose-doped TENG shows significant improvements in both open-circuit voltage (Voc) and short-circuit current (Isc). In particular, when the D-xylose doping ratio is 50%, Voc reaches a maximum value of 672 V, Isc increases to 2.04 μA, and the charge density increases by 72.1%, demonstrating the superiority of this composite material in enhancing the triboelectric effect.

[0018] 2. The preparation method of this triboelectric nanogenerator, by optimizing the doping ratio of D-xylose, can effectively control the charge transfer capacity of the composite material, thereby significantly improving the output performance of the TENG device. Under different load resistance conditions, the D-xylose-doped TENG exhibited higher output current and power density, with a maximum output power density of 35.8 µW / cm², which is superior to the 19.3 µW / cm² of the pure CS TENG, further confirming the superior performance of this composite material in energy harvesting and storage. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 is a flow chart of the preparation method of the present invention; Figure 2 V of D-xylose / CS TENG with different D-xylose doping ratios and pure CS TENG oc contrast; Figure 3 A comparison diagram of electrical test and transferred charge density curve; Figure 4 Charging curves of commercial capacitors with different capacities of D-xylose / CS TENG and CS TENG; Figure 5 The test diagram of the effect of external load resistance on the output current and output power generated by TENG; Figure 6 This is a physical picture of the degradation process of the D-xylose / CS film sample. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0021] Example: See also Figures 1-6 A method for preparing a triboelectric nanogenerator comprises the following steps: S1. Disperse 2 g of CS powder evenly in 2% acetic acid solution and stir continuously in a 60 °C constant temperature water bath for 4 h to obtain a light yellow transparent colloidal solution. S2, after standing for 20 minutes, vacuum degassing is performed to remove residual bubbles, and the vacuum degassing time is preferably 15 minutes; S3. Based on the specific ratio of the mass of CS powder, weigh D-xylose and add it to the above solution. In the present invention, the specific ratios are: 25%, 50% and 75%; S4. Continue stirring at 70°C for 8 h to achieve sufficient cross-linking between molecules; S5. Using microelectronic printing technology, a 3.5 × 2.5 cm² thin film was deposited layer by layer on a silicon substrate. Finally, a D-xylose / CS composite film with uniform thickness was obtained. Samples were labeled as 25%, 50%, and 75% according to the D-xylose doping ratio. S6. Using D-xylose / CS composite film as a positive triboelectric material and PTFE beads as a negative triboelectric material to prepare a triboelectric nanogenerator; In this step, ten areas of 40 × 30 mm 2 The D-xylose / CS composite film is connected end to end to form a 40×300 mm 2 Rings, two 80×30 mm 2The copper foil is attached to the outside of the ring, and the copper foil and the composite film are connected by a wire. The outermost circle is attached with a layer of PDMS film to support the D-xylose / CS composite film and copper foil, and the PTFE balls are located on the inside of the ring; among them, the D-xylose / CS film is used as the positive triboelectric material, the PTFE balls are used as the negative triboelectric material, and the PDMS film is used as the substrate material to support the remaining materials. The bottom layer is the PDMS film, the middle layer is the electrode layer, and the top layer is the D-xylose / CS film.

[0022] In this paper, the TENGs based on CS and D-xylose / CS films are named CS TENG and D-xylose / CS TENG, respectively. The V of CS TENG and D-xylose / CS TENG are measured by an oscilloscope under the condition that the linear motor provides external force. oc Tested. Figure 2 The V of D-xylose / CS TENG with different D-xylose doping ratios (25%, 50% and 75%) and pure CS TENG are shown. oc The experimental results show that the pure CS film without D-xylose doping V oc is 236 V, while the V oc The results show that the doping of D-xylose significantly improves the electrical properties of CS materials, with the best performance at a doping concentration of 50%, V oc It reaches a maximum value of 576.20 V.

[0023] Figure 3 (a) Shows the electrometer and linear motor system for pure CS film and maximum V oc The electrical test of 50% D-xylose / CS composite film (hereinafter referred to as D-xylose / CS film) was carried out. The results showed that the I sc It reaches 2.04 μA, which is 67.2% higher than the 1.22 μA of pure CS TENG. Figure 3(b) Comparison of the transferred charge density curves of the CS TENG and the D-xylose / CSTENG reveals that the D-xylose / CS TENG exhibits a charge density of 5.68 nC / cm², a 72.1% improvement over the CSTENG's 3.30 nC / cm². This experimental data confirms that optimizing the D-xylose doping ratio can effectively regulate the charge transfer capacity of the composite material, significantly improving the output performance of the D-xylose / CS TENG device.

[0024] In this invention, the AC signal generated by the D-xylose / CS TENG is converted into a DC signal through an external rectifier bridge, and commercial capacitors are used for energy storage, thereby achieving efficient utilization of the electrical energy converted by the D-xylose / CS TENG. At a linear motor operating frequency of 1 Hz, the charging curves of commercial capacitors with different capacities of the CS TENG and the D-xylose / CS TENG are shown in Figure 2. Figure 4 (ac) The experimental results show that D-xylose / CS TENG can charge a 1 μF capacitor to 10.2 V within 300 s, which is significantly higher than 6.52 V of CS TENG ( Figure 4 a). In addition, for 10 μF and 47 μF capacitors, D-xylose / CS TENG can be charged to 3.25 V and 2.54 V, respectively, within the same time, which are better than 2.84 V and 1.72 V of CS TENG ( Figure 4 b, c). These results further confirm the superior performance of D-xylose / CS TENG in energy harvesting and storage.

[0025] In order to test the effect of external load resistance on the output current and output power generated by TENG, the output power and output current of CSTENG and D-xylose / CS TENG were measured under different load resistances from 0.1 MΩ to 500 MΩ. The maximum output current of CS TENG and D-xylose / CS TENG under different load resistances from 0.1 MΩ to 500 MΩ is shown in Figure 2. Figure 5 As shown in (a), the output current is 1.42 μA and 2.23 μA respectively. As time increases, the output current gradually decreases. As the external load increases, the power density curves of CS TENG and D-xylose / CS TENG are shown in (b). Figure 5 As shown in (b), the maximum output power density is 19.3 μW / cm 2 and 35.8 µW / cm 2 , doping with D-xylose is beneficial to the improvement of the power density of D-xylose / CS TENG.

[0026] In the practical application of TENG, the degradability of friction materials is a key performance indicator. Figure 6 A 5×20 mm² D-xylose / CS film sample was immersed in 5 mL of PBS and its degradation process was observed. The experimental results showed that the D-xylose / CS film exhibited significant degradation behavior at room temperature: after 60 minutes of immersion, the film began to absorb water and curl; after 120 minutes, a small amount of flocculent gel remained in the solution; and by 210 minutes, the film was completely degraded. This result confirms the excellent biodegradability of the D-xylose / CS film and provides important evidence for its application in environmentally friendly electronic devices.

[0027] While embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations may be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, and that the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A method for preparing a triboelectric nanogenerator, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. Disperse CS powder evenly in acetic acid solution and stir continuously in a constant temperature water bath for a period of time to obtain a light yellow transparent colloidal solution; S2. After standing, vacuum degassing is used to remove residual bubbles; S3. Based on a specific ratio of CS powder mass, D-xylose is weighed and added to the above solution; S4, continue stirring to achieve sufficient cross-linking between molecules; S5, using microelectronic printing technology to deposit thin films layer by layer on a silicon-based substrate, ultimately obtaining a D-xylose / CS composite film with uniform thickness; S6. D-xylose / CS composite film is used as a positive triboelectric material and PTFE balls are used as a negative triboelectric material to prepare a triboelectric nanogenerator.

2. The method for preparing a triboelectric nanogenerator according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S1, the mass of CS powder is 2 g, the concentration of the acetic acid solution is 2%, the temperature of the constant temperature water bath is 60° C., and the magnetic stirring time is 4 h.

3. The method for preparing a triboelectric nanogenerator according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S2, the standing time is 20 minutes and the vacuum degassing treatment time is 15 minutes.

4. The method for preparing a triboelectric nanogenerator according to claim 1, wherein: The specific ratios in step S3 are: 25%, 50% and 75%.

5. The method for preparing a triboelectric nanogenerator according to claim 1, wherein: In the step S4, stirring is continued at 70° C. for 8 h.

6. The method for preparing a triboelectric nanogenerator according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S5, the size of the D-xylose / CS composite film is 3.5×2.5 cm².

7. The method for preparing a triboelectric nanogenerator according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S6, several D-xylose / CS composite films are connected end to end to form a ring, two copper foils are attached to the outside of the ring opposite each other, and the copper foils are connected to the composite films via wires. The PDMS film is located on the outermost side to support the D-xylose / CS composite film and the copper foil. The PTFE balls are located inside the ring.

8. The method for preparing a triboelectric nanogenerator according to claim 7, characterized in that: The D-xylose / CS composite film and the copper foil are fixed to the inner side of the tire via the PDMS film.

9. An application of the preparation method according to any one of claims 1 to 8 in a self-powered tire sensor, wherein the triboelectric nanogenerator is used to power the tire sensor.

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