Reverse tracking

Abstract

A method for authorizing access to reverse tracking data by a chemical producer is disclosed, the method comprising the steps of: providing at least one authorization rule associated with a chemical product, wherein the at least one authorization rule provides a chemical product producer with access to product data generated in relation to production of a product using the chemical product and / or use of the product produced using the chemical product; generating tracking data associated with at least one attribute related to the use of the chemical product by applying the at least one authorization rule to the product data; and providing the tracking data to a data providing service of the product producer and / or the product user for access to a data consumption service of the chemical product producer.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a method for reverse tracking of chemical products, a device for reverse tracking of chemical products, a method for accessing reverse tracking data associated with chemical products, a device for accessing tracking data associated with chemical products, a data providing service for product producers or users configured to process tracking data, a data consumption service for chemical product producers configured to process tracking data, a use of tracking data associated with chemical products, and a computer element. Background Art

[0002] Chemical products are used in a wide variety of applications and ultimately go into the production of a wide variety of products across multiple supply chains. Chemical producers lack access to the application properties of their chemical products, hindering their ability to improve them based on their real-world application properties. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In one aspect, a method for tracking a chemical product back through a production chain and / or life cycle chain of a product produced based on or using the chemical product, or during the production of a product using the chemical product and / or the use of a product produced using the chemical product, is disclosed, the method comprising the steps of:

[0004] providing at least one authorization rule associated with a chemical product, wherein the at least one authorization rule provides a producer of the chemical product with access to product data associated with at least one attribute related to a use of the chemical product,

[0005] generating tracking data by applying authorization rules to product data, e.g., of a product producer or a product user, and

[0006] The tracking data is provided to a data providing service of a product producer or a product user for access by a data consuming service of a chemical product producer, such as for direct or indirect access.

[0007] In another aspect, a method for authorizing a chemical producer to access back-tracking data, preferably via a decentralized network, is disclosed, the method comprising the steps of:

[0008] At least one authorization rule associated with a chemical product is provided, wherein the at least one authorization rule provides a producer of the chemical product with access to product data associated with at least one attribute related to a use of the chemical product, wherein the authorization rule includes at least one event trigger item and one or more instructions configured to generate tracking data from the product data and provide the tracking data.

[0009] In another aspect, a method for tracking a chemical product back through a production chain and / or life cycle chain of a product produced based on or using the chemical product, or during the production of a product using the chemical product and / or the use of a product produced using the chemical product is disclosed, the method comprising the following steps:

[0010] providing at least one authorization rule associated with a chemical product, wherein the at least one authorization rule provides a producer of the chemical product with access to product data generated in connection with a production chain and / or a life cycle chain of the product or in connection with the production of the product using the chemical product and / or the use of a product produced using the chemical product,

[0011] generating tracking data associated with at least one attribute related to a use of the chemical product by applying at least one authorization rule to the product data, and

[0012] The tracking data is provided to a data providing service of the product producer and / or product user for access by a data consuming service of the chemical product producer.

[0013] In another aspect, a method for authorizing a chemical producer to access back-tracking data is disclosed, the method comprising the steps of:

[0014] At least one authorization rule associated with a chemical product is provided, wherein the at least one authorization rule provides a chemical product producer with access to product data generated in connection with a production chain and / or a life cycle chain of the product or with the production of the product using the chemical product and / or with the use of the product produced using the chemical product, wherein the at least one authorization rule includes at least one event trigger item and one or more instructions, the one or more instructions being configured to generate tracking data associated with at least one attribute related to the use of the chemical product from the product data and being configured to provide the tracking data.

[0015] In another aspect, a device for tracking a chemical product back through a production chain and / or life cycle chain of a product produced based on or using the chemical product, or during the production of a product using the chemical product and / or the use of a product produced using the chemical product is disclosed, the device comprising:

[0016] an authorization provider configured to provide at least one authorization rule associated with a chemical product, wherein the at least one authorization rule provides a chemical product producer with access to product data associated with at least one attribute related to a use of the chemical product, a tracking data generator configured to generate tracking data by applying the at least one authorization rule to the product data of, for example, a product producer or a product user, and

[0017] A tracking data provider is configured to provide tracking data to a data providing service of a product producer or a product user for access by a data consuming service of a chemical product producer, such as for direct or indirect access.

[0018] The apparatus includes: one or more computing nodes; and one or more computer-readable media having computer-executable instructions thereon, the computer-executable instructions being configured to, when executed by the one or more computing nodes, cause the apparatus to perform the following steps:

[0019] In another aspect, a device for authorizing a chemical producer to access reverse tracking data, preferably via a decentralized network, is disclosed, the device being configured to provide at least one authorization rule associated with a chemical product, wherein the at least one authorization rule provides the chemical product producer with access to product data associated with at least one attribute related to a use of the chemical product, wherein the authorization rule comprises at least one event trigger item and one or more instructions for generating tracking data from the product data and providing the tracking data.

[0020] On the other hand, a device for authorizing a chemical producer to access reverse tracking data, preferably via a decentralized network, is provided, the device being configured to provide at least one authorization rule associated with a chemical product, wherein the at least one authorization rule provides the chemical product producer with access to product data generated in connection with a production chain and / or a life cycle chain of the product or with the production of the product using the chemical product and / or with the use of the product produced using the chemical product, wherein the at least one authorization rule comprises at least one event trigger item and one or more instructions, the one or more instructions being configured to generate tracking data associated with at least one attribute related to the use of the chemical product from the product data and being configured to provide the tracking data.

[0021] In another aspect, a method for accessing reverse tracking data associated with a chemical product is disclosed, the method comprising the steps of receiving, at a data consumption service of a chemical product producer, tracking data provided according to any of the disclosed methods or provided by any of the devices disclosed herein.

[0022] In another aspect, a device for accessing reverse tracking data associated with a chemical product is disclosed, the device being configured to receive, at a data consumption service of a chemical product producer, tracking data provided by or as provided by any of the devices disclosed herein or any of the methods disclosed herein.

[0023] On the other hand, a data provision service for a product producer, a data provision service for a product producer and / or product user, or a data consumption service for a chemical product producer is disclosed, which is configured to process tracking data as provided according to any of the methods disclosed herein or as provided by any of the devices disclosed herein.

[0024] In another aspect, disclosed is the use of tracking data associated with a chemical product as provided according to any of the methods or apparatus disclosed herein or as provided by any of the apparatus disclosed herein for adjusting a chemical product, a chemical product property, a chemical product composition, a chemical product performance, and / or for producing a chemical product having the adjusted properties.

[0025] In another aspect, a chemical product is disclosed that is associated with a chemical product passport, the chemical product passport comprising at least one authorization rule for back-tracking the chemical product as provided according to any of the methods or apparatus disclosed herein.

[0026] In another aspect, a chemical product passport is disclosed that includes at least one authorization rule for back-tracking a chemical product as provided according to any of the methods or apparatus disclosed herein.

[0027] In another aspect, at least one authorization rule is disclosed that is configured to provide a chemical product producer with access to product data associated with at least one attribute related to a use of the chemical product, preferably via a decentralized network, wherein the authorization rule includes at least one event trigger item and one or more instructions for generating tracking data from the product data and / or providing the tracking data.

[0028] In another aspect, at least one authorization rule is disclosed that is configured to provide a chemical product producer with access, preferably via a decentralized network, to product data generated in connection with the production or life cycle cycle of the product or with the production of the product using the chemical product and / or with the use of the product produced using the chemical product, wherein the authorization rule comprises at least one event trigger item and one or more instructions for generating tracking data associated with at least one attribute related to the use of the chemical product from the product data and / or providing the tracking data.

[0029] In another aspect, the present disclosure relates to a computer element, such as a computer program or a computer-readable medium, having instructions that, when executed on, for example, one or more computing nodes of a decentralized network, are configured to perform the steps of the method disclosed herein or are configured to be executed by an apparatus disclosed herein.

[0030] Any disclosure, embodiment and example described herein relates to the methods, systems, devices, chemical products, chemical product passports, authorization rules, uses and computer elements listed above and below. Advantageously, the benefits provided by any embodiment and example are also applicable to all other embodiments and examples.

[0031] Implementation Plan

[0032] To improve the application properties of chemical products, it is beneficial to track chemical products in their applications and the resulting products produced based on them. For this type of tracking, simplified and customized data exchange back through the chemical product supply chain can be beneficial. This simplified and customized data exchange can be achieved by utilizing a decentralized data ecosystem that allows for secure, peer-to-peer data exchange.

[0033] In particular, by providing at least one authorization rule, it is possible to track chemical products and their application properties back through different product supply chains. This backtracking, or data feedback from chemical products, can be customized via the authorization rules. In this way, data exchange can be customized based on product data, allowing for the refinement of chemical product application properties for specific applications and enabling improvements to chemical products for specific uses.

[0034] Hereinafter, embodiments of the present disclosure will be summarized by way of examples. It should be understood that the present disclosure is not limited to the embodiments and / or examples.

[0035] In one embodiment, one or more authorization rules may be associated with a decentralized identifier and data related to chemical product data. The authorization rules may include instructions configured to perform reverse data tracking on chemical products used to produce products. The authorization rules may include data transaction instructions or data transaction protocols, such as data usage policies, decentralized applications, smart data contracts, or other data processing instructions associated with data provision and / or data consumption services of a decentralized network. Through the authorization rules, data access and data usage of data consumption services can be controlled in a secure manner.

[0036] In another embodiment, at least one authorization rule relates to an instruction that processes product data specified by the authorization rule based on at least one event trigger to generate and provide tracking data. The authorization rule may relate to or include at least one event trigger related to the use of the chemical product for producing a product. The use may include any processing of a decentralized identifier associated with the chemical product and / or data associated with the chemical product. For example, cascading or linking a decentralized identifier associated with a product produced based on the chemical product and a decentralized identifier associated with the chemical product and / or data associated with the chemical product can be an event trigger specified by the authorization rule.

[0037] In another embodiment, at least one authorization rule relates to at least one event trigger item related to the use of the decentralized identifier associated with the chemical product and / or the data related to the chemical product. The authorization rule may relate to or include instructions based on at least one event trigger item. The event trigger item for the reverse tracking of the chemical product may relate to one or more processing steps related to the decentralized identifier and / or the data related to the chemical product data. The event trigger item may trigger or initialize an instruction for generating tracking data from the product data for providing tracking data.

[0038] In another embodiment, the authorization rule relates to the specification of tracking data based on product data associated with a product produced using or based on a chemical product. The authorization rule may specify tracking data based on product data associated with a product produced using or based on a chemical product. The authorization rule may specify tracking data to be derived from product data associated with a product produced using or based on a chemical product. The authorization rule may be related

[0039] A decentralized network may include participant nodes configured to perform data transactions. The participant nodes may be associated with producers or users of physical products, such as chemical product producers, intermediate product producers, final product producers, or final product users. Data transactions may be based on a transaction protocol that includes authentication and / or authorization mechanisms. Based on the authentication and / or authorization mechanisms, a peer-to-peer network may be established between the participant nodes of the decentralized network.

[0040] One or more authentication mechanisms may be associated with or linked to a decentralized identifier. The one or more authentication mechanisms associated with the decentralized identifier may be provided to participant nodes. The one or more authentication mechanisms associated with the decentralized identifier may be accessed by data-providing services and / or data-consuming services. A decentralized configuration allows for more efficient use of computing resources and strengthens each data owner's control over the decentralized network.

[0041] The one or more authorization mechanisms may include at least one authorization rule for reverse data tracking of chemical products used to produce a product. A participant node of a decentralized network may be configured to provide a data consumption service and / or a data provision service. The data provision service may be configured to provide or send data to another participant node of the decentralized network. The data consumption service may be configured to ingest or receive data from another participant node of the decentralized network. Providing data to the data provision service for access by the data consumption service may include indirect or direct access to the data by the data consumption service.

[0042] Chemical products may be produced by chemical product producers. Chemical products may be physical entities of produced chemical products. Chemical product data may be collected before, during, or after the production of chemical products. Chemical product data may be generated by chemical product producers. Chemical product data may be associated with the produced chemical products or properties of the produced chemical products. Chemical product data may be provided to the decentralized network by participant nodes associated with the chemical product producers. Chemical product data may be provided to the decentralized network by data provision services provided by chemical product producers.

[0043] Chemical products can be used to produce products. Products produced using chemical products can be intermediate products or final products. These products can be produced through a production process involving one or more production steps. Products can be used by product users. The use of a product can span the product's life cycle.

[0044] Chemical products, intermediate products, and / or final products may be associated with one or more decentralized identifiers representing digital twins of the physical entities of such product entities. The decentralized identifiers may be digital identifiers for or used in a decentralized network. The decentralized identifiers may be digital identifiers provided to the decentralized network and its participant nodes. Thus, the decentralized identifiers may represent the physical entities of the products in the decentralized network, and participant nodes may be able to interpret the relationship between the decentralized identifiers and the physical entities of the products.

[0045] The production chain of a product produced based on or using a chemical product may involve the use of the chemical product in the production of the product. The production chain may include multiple production processes associated with different production stages of the production chain that produce the product. The product may be a discrete product produced by using a chemical product in at least one production step of the product. The product may be manufactured through one or more production stages associated with different intermediates and / or chemical producers. The production stages may be controlled by the intermediates and / or chemical producers. Chemical products may involve non-discrete products. The chemical product may be produced through continuous manufacturing or batch manufacturing. The chemical product may be provided continuously or in batches. The chemical product can be used to produce the product. The chemical product may be provided as input to the production process of the product or any intermediate. The product and / or intermediate may be produced from the chemical product. The chemical product may be chemically, thermally and / or mechanically converted for use in the manufacture of intermediates and / or products. The chemical product may be provided as input to the production process of the product or any intermediate to manufacture the discrete product. The production process may include multiple production stages, such as a chemical production process, an intermediate production process and / or a product production process. The production process may be distributed across different manufacturers that produce the chemical product, intermediate and / or product. In a production chain for a product, multiple chemical products, intermediates and / or products may be manufactured.

[0046] The life cycle chain of a product may involve the use of a product produced using chemical products. The life cycle chain may, for example, include the use of a product by an end user. An example is a foam mattress. The intermediate (foam in this example) can be produced by reacting chemical components. PU foam can be produced, for example, by reacting diisocyanates and polyols. The intermediate (foam in this example) is a discrete object produced using chemical products. Discrete manufacturing of a product (in this case a mattress) may be as follows. The product may be produced using discrete manufacturing. The product (in this example, a mattress) may be used by an end user, for example, by sleeping on it. The end user may provide feedback on the comfort or degradation of the product (such as a mattress). This may involve product data collected during the life cycle or about the use of the product (in this example, the mattress).

[0047] Products, such as intermediate products or final products, may be associated with product data. Product data may be associated with the product, the use of a chemical product, the application of a chemical product, or the use of a chemical product in producing a product. Product data may relate to or include properties of a chemical product associated with its use in producing a product. Product data may relate to or include properties of a product associated with its use in producing a product. Product data may relate to the type of product for which or to which the chemical product belongs, a product identifier associated with the product, such as a decentralized identifier, performance data associated with the chemical product contained in the product, the use of the chemical product in producing the product, or a combination thereof. Product data may include application data associated with the application properties of the chemical product contained in the product, the application properties of the product produced from the chemical product, or a combination thereof. Product data may be generated or collected before, during, or after the production of the product. Product data may be generated or collected before, during, or after the product's life cycle. Product data may be generated by a product producer or a product user. A product may be any intermediate or final product produced by any intermediate or final product producer or product user, respectively. Product data may be associated with the produced product or its properties. Product data may be associated with the produced intermediate or final product or its properties. Product data may be intermediate or final product data, such as data generated by an intermediate or final product producer or user, respectively. Final product data may be generated by a product user. Product data may be provided to the decentralized network by a participant node associated with a product producer or user, such as an intermediate or final product producer or user. Product data may be provided to the decentralized network by a data provision service provided by a product producer or user. Product data may be associated with a property of a chemical product used to produce the product or at least one property related to the use of the chemical product.

[0048] In one embodiment, at least one authorization rule is associated with a decentralized identifier associated with a chemical product and / or data associated with the chemical product data. At least one authorization rule can be provided in conjunction with a decentralized identifier associated with a chemical product and / or data associated with the chemical product data. The data associated with the chemical product data can include or be connected to a digital representation pointing to the chemical product data or a portion thereof. The data associated with the chemical product data can include or be connected to the chemical product data or a portion thereof.

[0049] The decentralized identifier can be uniquely associated with the physical entity of a chemical product or a chemical product, for example, as packaged to be transported to the consumer of the chemical product. The data related to the chemical product data may include one or more digital representations pointing to the chemical product data or a portion thereof. The digital representation may include at least one interface to data provision services. The digital representation may include at least one interface to a data consumption service. The digital representation may include an endpoint (resource endpoint) or an endpoint (service endpoint) for data exchange or sharing uniquely identified via a data transaction protocol or for service interaction. The digital representation pointing to the chemical product data or a portion thereof may be uniquely associated with the decentralized identifier. The decentralized identifier may be connected to the digital representation of the chemical product data.

[0050] In another embodiment, at least one authorization rule is provided as part of a chemical product passport that includes a decentralized identifier associated with the chemical product and / or data related to the chemical product. The chemical product passport may include or be connected to a digital representation of the chemical product data. The digital representation may include a representation for accessing the chemical product data or a portion thereof. The digital representation may include a representation of the chemical product data, such as a hash. The chemical product passport may include a decentralized identifier. The chemical product passport may include or be connected to authentication information and / or authorization rules. The chemical product passport may include or be connected to data related to the chemical product data.

[0051] In another embodiment, at least one authorization rule is provided by an authorization management system, wherein the authorization management system is associated with a data provision service for a product producer or product user. The authorization management system may provide at least one authorization rule to a data provision service for a product producer or product user for generating tracking data. Product data may be provided to a data provision service for a product producer or user, and the authorization management system provides at least one authorization rule. The authorization management system may be a centralized or decentralized registry that manages authorization mechanisms or rules for a decentralized network. The authorization management system may be a decentralized tracking application that manages authorization mechanisms or rules for reverse tracking. Product data may be provided to a data provision service for a product producer or user for access by a decentralized tracking application, wherein the decentralized tracking application provides at least one authorization rule.

[0052] In another embodiment, providing tracking data includes delivering the tracking data to a data consumption service of a chemical product producer. In another embodiment, the tracking data associated with the corresponding product is provided to a data provision service of the corresponding product producer or product user. In another embodiment, the tracking data associated with the corresponding product is aggregated and provided to a data provision service of the final product producer or user. In another embodiment, the tracking data is provided to a data provision service of the final product producer or user for access by a data consumption service. In another embodiment, the tracking data of the intermediate product producer is processed and provided by the final product producer or user. The tracking data may be associated with the product, the use of the chemical product, and the use of the chemical product for producing the product. The tracking data may relate to or include properties of the chemical product associated with its use for producing the product. The tracking data may relate to or include properties of the product associated with the use of the chemical product for producing the product. The tracking data may relate to the type of product to which the chemical product is used or belongs, a product identifier associated with the product, such as a decentralized identifier, performance data associated with the chemical product, and the use of the chemical product for producing product application data associated with the application attributes of the chemical product and the products produced by the chemical product, or a combination thereof.

[0053] In another embodiment, providing tracking data includes providing a tracking passport that includes a decentralized identifier associated with the tracked product, a decentralized identifier associated with the tracked chemical product, data related to the tracked chemical product data, and / or data related to the tracked product data. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0054] Hereinafter, the present disclosure is further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0055] Figure 1 Examples of methods or apparatus for providing chemical product data and tracking data via a decentralized network are schematically illustrated.

[0056] Figure 2 A flow chart of a method for reversely tracing a chemical product based on at least one authorization rule is schematically illustrated.

[0057] Figure 3 Examples of a method or apparatus for providing at least one authorization rule are schematically illustrated.

[0058] Figure 4 Another example of a method or apparatus for providing at least one authorization rule is schematically illustrated.

[0059] Figure 5 An example of implementing at least one authorization rule is schematically illustrated.

[0060] Figure 6 A product passport including a chemical product passport is schematically illustrated.

[0061] Figure 7a 、 Figure 7b An example for tracing a chemical product back through a production chain or supply chain is schematically illustrated. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0062] The following embodiments are merely examples for implementing the methods, devices, systems, or applications disclosed herein and should not be considered limiting.

[0063] Figure 1 Examples of methods or apparatus for providing chemical product data and tracking data via a decentralized network are schematically illustrated.

[0064] Chemical products 104, such as those produced by a chemical production network, may be provided in association with a chemical product passport. The chemical product passport may include a chemical product identifier. The chemical product identifier may include one or more decentralized identifiers. A decentralized identifier may be an identifier in a decentralized network that allows data exchange via the decentralized network. Data exchange may include discovering decentralized identifiers for participants in the decentralized network, authenticating participants in the decentralized network, and / or authorizing data transfer via peer-to-peer communication between participants in the decentralized network.

[0065] The chemical product passport may include or be associated with data related to the chemical product.The chemical product passport may include a digital representation of the chemical product data associated with the chemical product 104.

[0066] The chemical product passport may also include or relate to authentication and / or authorization information linked to the chemical product identifier. Authentication and / or authorization information may be provided for authentication and / or authorization of data provision services and / or data consumption services 210, 214. The chemical product identifier may include or relate to a decentralized identifier uniquely associated with the chemical product. The decentralized identifier may be connected to a digital representation of the chemical product data associated with the chemical product 104. The digital representation may include a representation for accessing the chemical product data or a portion thereof. The decentralized identifier may include a universal unique identifier (UUID) or a digital identifier (DID). The decentralized identifier may include any unique identifier uniquely associated with the data owner and / or the chemical product.

[0067] The data owner can be the producer of the chemical product. Access to the chemical product data can be controlled by the data owner via a decentralized identifier and its unique association with the data owner and / or chemical product.

[0068] A chemical product passport including a digital representation of chemical product data may be stored in a decentralized database 200. The chemical product data may be stored in a database 202 associated with a data owner, such as a producer of the chemical product 104.

[0069] The chemical product 104 can be physically delivered to a manufacturer that produces products based on the chemical product. The chemical product can be associated with a QR code that encodes the chemical product identifier. The user of the chemical product can read the QR code using a QR code reader 206. The chemical product identifier can be provided to a database 208 associated with the manufacturer that produces products based on the chemical product 104. In other embodiments, the manufacturer that produces products based on the chemical product can retrieve the chemical product identifier from a decentralized database 200.

[0070] The data owner in this example can be a chemical product producer, any intermediate product producer that produces intermediate products based on chemical products, or any producer that produces products based on chemical products. A data owner can include any entity that generates data. A data generation node can be coupled to a data owner or an entity that owns or produces the physical product from or for which data is generated. Data can be generated by a third-party entity on behalf of the entity that owns the physical product from or for which data is generated.

[0071] The data consuming services 210, 214 may include computer-executable instructions for accessing and / or processing data associated with a data owner, such as chemical product data. The data providing services 210, 214 may include computer-executable instructions for providing and / or processing data associated with a data owner, such as chemical product data, for access and / or processing by the data consuming services 210, 214.

[0072] Based on the received chemical product identifier, a request to access the chemical product data associated with the chemical product identifier can be triggered by the data consumption service 210, as shown by arrow 212. The chemical product identifier can be provided to a data provisioning service 214 associated with or belonging to the producer of the chemical product 104. In addition, authentication and / or authorization information can be provided. The request can be authenticated and / or authorized to access the chemical product data associated with the chemical product identifier. Based on successful authorization and / or authentication, access to the chemical product data associated with the chemical product identifier can be granted.

[0073] For access, the chemical product identifier may be provided to data providing service 214, as indicated by arrow 212. Data providing service 214 may use the received chemical product identifier to retrieve chemical product data associated with chemical product 104, as indicated by arrows 218 and 220. The chemical product data associated with chemical product 104 provided to data providing service 214 may be provided to data consuming service 210, as indicated by arrow 216. The chemical product data associated with chemical product 104 may be stored in database 208 associated with the user of chemical product 104, as indicated by arrow 220.

[0074] Chemical product data can be uniquely associated with a chemical product through a chemical product identifier or decentralized identifier. Through a decentralized network, chemical product data can be transferred between chemical product producers and chemical product users. This allows chemical product data to be shared through a unique association with the chemical product, eliminating the need for a centralized intermediary between participants in the product supply chain. This enables transparency of chemical product data across the product supply chain.

[0075] Similarly, to provide chemical product data, tracking data can be provided. To provide this data, tracking data can be generated by a node associated with an intermediate product producer that produces intermediate products based on chemical products, or a producer that produces products based on chemical products. In one example, tracking data can be provided via a tracking passport. Below, an example embodiment for delivering tracking data to a participant node associated with a chemical producer is described. This example should not be considered restrictive and is provided for illustrative purposes only.

[0076] The tracking passport may involve a chemical product identifier. The chemical product identifier may include a decentralized identifier. The decentralized identifier may be an identifier in a decentralized network that allows data exchange via the decentralized network. Data exchange may include discovering decentralized identifiers for participants in the decentralized network, authenticating participants in the decentralized network, and / or authorizing data transfer via peer-to-peer communication between participants in the decentralized network. The tracking passport may include data related to tracking data. The passport may include a digital representation of tracking data associated with a chemical product 104 used to produce an intermediate product or product. The tracking passport may be provided by a node associated with an intermediate product producer that produces an intermediate product based on a chemical product or a producer that produces a product based on a chemical product. Via the tracking passport, the tracking data may be provided to a data provision service of the product producer for access by a data consumption service.

[0077] The tracking passport may include or relate to authentication and / or authorization information linked to the chemical product identifier. Authentication and / or authorization information may be provided for authentication and / or authorization of data provision services and / or data consumption services 210, 214. The chemical product identifier may include or relate to a decentralized identifier uniquely associated with the chemical product. The decentralized identifier may be connected to a digital representation of the tracking data associated with the chemical product 104. The digital representation may include a representation for accessing the tracking data or a portion thereof. The decentralized identifier may include a universally unique identifier (UUID) or a digital identifier (DID). The decentralized identifier may include any unique identifier uniquely associated with the chemical product.

[0078] The data owner of the tracking data can be an intermediate product producer that produces an intermediate product based on a chemical product, or a producer that produces a product based on a chemical product. The tracking data owner can be any intermediate product producer that produces an intermediate product based on a chemical product, or any producer that produces a product based on a chemical product. Access to the tracking data can be controlled by the data owner via a decentralized identifier and its unique association with the tracking data of the chemical product. The data owner can include any entity that generates the data. The data generation node can be coupled to the data owner or the entity that owns or produces the physical product from which or for which the data is generated. The data can be generated by a third-party entity on behalf of the entity that owns the physical product from which or for which the data is generated.

[0079] The tracking passport comprising a digital representation of the tracking data may be stored in the decentralized database 200. The tracking data may be stored in a database 208 associated with a data owner, such as an intermediate product producer that produces an intermediate product based on a chemical product or a producer that produces a product based on a chemical product.

[0080] The data consuming services 210, 214 may include computer-executable instructions for accessing and / or processing data associated with a data owner, such as chemical product data. The data providing services 210, 214 may include computer-executable instructions for providing and / or processing data associated with a data owner, such as chemical product data, for access and / or processing by the data consuming services 210, 214.

[0081] Based on the chemical product identifier, a request to access tracking data associated with the chemical product identifier can be triggered by data consumption service 214, as shown by arrow 216. The chemical product identifier can be provided to data provision service 210 associated with or belonging to an intermediate product producer that produces an intermediate product based on chemical product 104 or a producer that produces a product based on chemical product 104. In addition, authentication and / or authorization information can be provided. The request can be authenticated and / or authorized to access tracking data associated with the chemical product identifier. Based on successful authorization and / or authentication, access to tracking data associated with the chemical product identifier can be granted.

[0082] For access, the chemical product identifier may be provided to the data providing service 210, as indicated by arrow 216. The data providing service 210 may use the received chemical product identifier to retrieve tracking data associated with the chemical product 104, as indicated by arrows 222 and 220. The tracking data associated with the chemical product 104 provided to the data providing service 210 may be provided to the data consuming service 214, as indicated by arrow 222. The tracking data associated with the chemical product 104 may be stored in the database 202 associated with the user of the chemical product 104, as indicated by arrow 218.

[0083] Tracking data can be uniquely associated with chemical products through chemical product identifiers or decentralized identifiers. Through a decentralized network, tracking data can be transferred between intermediate product producers who produce intermediate products based on chemical products, or between producers of products based on chemical products, chemical product producers, and chemical product users. This allows tracking data to be shared through its unique association with chemical products, eliminating the need for centralized intermediaries between participants in the product supply chain. This enables transparency of tracking data across the product supply chain.

[0084] Figure 2 A flow chart of a method for tracking a chemical product based on at least one authorization rule is schematically illustrated.

[0085] In order to track chemical products in the production chain of products based on chemical products, tracking data can be provided to the participant nodes of the decentralized network via the decentralized network, such as Figure 1 listed in the context of .

[0086] To track chemical products across participant nodes of a decentralized network, product data may be generated by a participant node associated with a producer that produces products based on the chemical product. Product data may be generated when the product is produced based on the chemical product. The generated product data may be provided to a database associated with a data providing service 210, 214 of a corresponding participant node of the decentralized network. The generated product data may be accessed by data consuming services 210, 214 of other participant nodes of the decentralized network.

[0087] To access the product data thus provided, the data owner may apply at least one authorization rule to provide tracking data. The at least one authorization rule may relate to a decentralized identifier associated with the chemical product and / or data related to the chemical product. The at least one authorization rule may provide a participant node associated with a chemical product producer with access to tracking data associated with products produced based on the chemical product. This relationship ensures that the chemical producer can access tracking data related to the chemical products produced by the chemical producer. Thus, access to tracking data associated with chemical products of another chemical producer can be prevented.

[0088] The authorization rule may relate to or include at least one event trigger associated with the use of a decentralized identifier associated with a chemical product and / or data associated with the chemical product. Such use may include any processing of the decentralized identifier associated with the chemical product and / or data associated with the chemical product. For example, concatenating or linking a decentralized identifier associated with a product manufactured based on the chemical product with a decentralized identifier associated with the chemical product and / or data associated with the chemical product may be an event trigger specified in the authorization rule.

[0089] The authorization rules may relate to or include specifications for tracking data based on product data associated with products produced based on chemical products. The authorization rules may relate to specifications for tracking data derived from product data associated with products produced based on chemical products. The authorization rules may relate to or include instructions that process product data based on event triggering items to generate tracking data and provide such tracking data. For event triggering items, the authorization rules may include instructions to extract product data specified by the authorization rules to generate tracking data and provide such tracking data. In other embodiments, the authorization rules may include instructions to extract product data, process product data as specified by the authorization rules to generate tracking data, and provide such tracking data. The processing of product data may include any transformation or mapping of product data to tracking data, such as aggregation, filtering, joining, enrichment, etc.

[0090] Tracking data may include application types and application data related to chemical products. In this way, tracking data related to chemical product development can be provided, and sensitive information of supply chain participants can be masked. Application types may relate to product types produced based on chemical products, such as intermediate product types and / or final product types. Application data may include at least one performance attribute of the chemical product used to produce the product. Application data may be associated with the application performance of the chemical product used to produce the product. Application performance may be specified by performance attributes related to the chemical product and / or products produced using the chemical product. Performance attributes may relate to any application attributes of the chemical product. Performance attributes may relate to the application attributes of the chemical product contained in the product. Performance attributes may relate to the application attributes of the chemical product used in the production of the product. In this case, the product may not contain the chemical product. The chemical product may only be used in the production of the product. An example may be a detergent applied to the product in a production step. In this example, application data may relate to product performance affected by such production steps.

[0091] Tracking data may be provided or accessed via a decentralized network by one or more participant nodes associated with a product producer, such as an intermediate product producer or a final product producer. Tracking data may be provided via a decentralized network by all participant nodes associated with a product producer that uses a chemical product to produce a product. Tracking data may be provided via a decentralized network by selected participant nodes associated with a product producer that uses a chemical product to produce a product. Tracking data may be provided via a decentralized network by a participant node that processes tracking data from a participant node associated with a product producer that uses a chemical product to produce a product.

[0092] The tracking data may be provided via a decentralized network by participant nodes that aggregate, filter, and / or enrich tracking data of participant nodes associated with product producers that use chemical products to produce products.

[0093] The tracking data may be provided to a product producer's data provisioning service for access by a data consumption service. The tracking data may be passed to a chemical product producer's data consumption service. The tracking data may be provided by a participant node associated with a product producer that uses a chemical product to produce a product via a tracking passport. The tracking passport may include a decentralized identifier associated with the tracked product, a decentralized identifier associated with the tracked chemical product, data related to the tracked chemical product data, and / or data related to the tracked product data. The tracking data may be provided to a participant node associated with the chemical producer via a decentralized network. Figure 1 An example embodiment for delivering tracking data to a participant node associated with a chemical producer is described in the context of This example is for illustrative purposes only and should not be considered limiting.

[0094] Figure 3 Examples of a method or apparatus for providing at least one authorization rule are schematically illustrated.

[0095] As in Figure 2 As described in the context of

[0015] , an authorization rule may involve or include an event trigger. An authorization rule may involve or include specification of tracking data based on product data associated with a product manufactured based on a chemical product. An authorization rule may involve or include instructions for processing the product data specified by the authorization rule based on the event trigger to generate tracking data and provide such tracking data.

[0096] Authorization rules may be provided as part of a chemical product passport. A chemical product passport may include a decentralized identifier associated with the chemical product and / or data related to the chemical product, such as Figure 1 By providing authorization rules together with the chemical product passport, the authorization rules can be inherently linked to the decentralized identifier associated with the chemical product and / or data related to the chemical product. This link can be persistent or non-persistent.

[0097] If the link is persistent, tracking of a chemical product through its production and / or lifecycle chain can be based on the use or processing of a decentralized identifier associated with the chemical product and / or data related to the chemical product at any participant node in the decentralized network. Specifically, authorization rules can be provided in conjunction with the decentralized identifier associated with the chemical product and / or data related to the chemical product, and such a connection can be maintained across any data exchange related to the chemical product data. In this way, authorization rules can be directly attached to data flows in the decentralized network via the decentralized identifier associated with the chemical product and / or data related to the chemical product.

[0098] If the link is non-persistent, the tracking of chemical products through the production chain and / or life cycle chain can be based on linking the authorization rules to any decentralized identifier associated with the product produced based on the chemical product and / or the data related to the product produced based on the chemical product. In both instances, the inherent link to the chemical product used to produce the product can be maintained to achieve reverse tracking as described herein. In particular, tracking data can be provided via a tracking passport that includes a decentralized identifier associated with the tracked product, a decentralized identifier associated with the tracked chemical product, data related to the tracked chemical product data, and / or data related to the tracked product data. In this way, the authorization rules are indirectly attached to the data flow in the decentralized network via the decentralized identifier associated with the chemical product and / or the chemical product data.

[0099] Figure 4Another example of a method or apparatus for providing at least one authorization rule is schematically illustrated.

[0100] As in Figure 2 As described in the context of

[0015] , an authorization rule may involve or include an event trigger. An authorization rule may involve or include specification of tracking data based on product data associated with a product manufactured based on a chemical product. An authorization rule may involve or include instructions for processing the product data specified by the authorization rule based on the event trigger to generate tracking data and provide such tracking data.

[0101] Authorization rules may be provided by an authorization management system. The authorization management system may be associated with a data provision service of a product manufacturer. The authorization management system may include an authorization registry that provides authorization rules associated with a decentralized identifier associated with a tracked product, a decentralized identifier associated with a tracked chemical product, data associated with tracked chemical product data, and / or data associated with tracked product data.

[0102] The authorization management system may include a decentralized tracking application that includes authorization rules associated with a decentralized identifier associated with a tracked product, a decentralized identifier associated with a tracked chemical product, data associated with the tracked chemical product data, and / or data associated with the tracked product data.

[0103] Product data can be provided to the product manufacturer's data provisioning service for access by a decentralized tracking application. The decentralized application can apply authorization rules. Product data can be provided to the decentralized tracking application, and tracking data can be generated by applying the authorization rules. The tracking data can be provided by the decentralized tracking application for access by the chemical product manufacturer's data consumption service.

[0104] exist Figure 3 and Figure 4 In the embodiments described in the context of , authorization rules may be implemented to push data from a participant node's data providing service to a chemical producer's data consuming service and / or by pulling data from a participant node's data providing service to a chemical producer's data consuming service.

[0105] For push data, the authorization rules may include an event trigger that triggers the generation of tracking data and a push request for transferring data from the data providing service of the participant node to the data consuming service of the chemical producer.

[0106] For pulling data, the authorization rules may include an event trigger that triggers the generation of tracking data and the provision of such tracking data upon receiving a request for data delivery from the chemical producer's data consuming service. The request for data delivery from the chemical producer's data consuming service triggers the delivery of data from the participant node's data providing service to the chemical producer's data consuming service.

[0107] In some embodiments, authorization rules may be implemented to push and pull data from a participant node's data provisioning service to a chemical producer's data consumption service. Such protocols include push and pull requests. For example, a chemical producer's data consumption service may include a monitoring service for collecting tracking data via a decentralized network. The monitoring service may be triggered by authorization rules in a push scenario. If the generated tracking data is updated, the authorization rules may include instructions to provide the data consumer service with an identifier of the participant node. Based on the identifier of the participant node, the monitoring service may generate a request to pass the tracking data from the participant node's data provisioning service to the chemical producer's data consumption service. These are just some example protocols for passing tracking data based on authorization rules. Other protocols are possible, and the examples provided here should not be considered limiting.

[0108] Figure 5 An example of implementing at least one authorization rule is schematically illustrated. The example illustrates a specific implementation of an authorization mechanism utilizing controlled data flows. Such an example can be implemented in the International Data Space (IDS) framework, as specified, for example, in the IDSA Reference Architecture Model Version 3.0, April 2019.

[0109] The International Data Space (IDS) framework is just one example framework. Many other examples exist that may or may not use distributed ledger technology and may or may not be implemented using smart contracts running on a distributed ledger. Distributed ledger technology includes, but is not limited to, technology stacks such as Bitcoin (see, for example, the Bitcoin document published on November 11, 2022). https: / / en.bitcoin.it / wiki / Protocol_documentation ), Ethereum (see for example the Ethereum document published on August 15, 2022 https: / / ethereum.org / en / developers / docs / ), Solana (see, for example, the Solana documentation released on November 11, 2022 https: / / spl.solana.com / ), Polygon (see for example the Poly-ygon document published on November 11, 2022 https: / / wiki.polygon.technology / ) or other specific implementations with varying degrees of digital transactions executed on a distributed ledger. The description of the example framework is for illustrative purposes only and should not be considered limiting. The key elements of backtracking can be implemented on any technology stack that forms a decentralized network, including, for example, peer-to-peer communication based on authentication and / or authorization mechanisms.

[0110] For data exchange or sharing according to the IDS framework, authentication is performed via the IDS connector. Through authentication, the decentralized identifier of the accessing entity or the data associated with the decentralized identifier is made available to the IDS connector. After access to the IDS connector associated with the data provision service has been granted according to the specified procedures, authorization based on authorization rules can be followed.

[0111] Usage controlled data flows can be used to enforce authorization rules or usage policies on data exchange or sharing. Usage control can be achieved by binding usage policies to the data being exchanged and by continuously controlling how the data is processed, aggregated, or forwarded to other endpoints.

[0112] To enforce usage policies, data flows can be monitored and potentially intercepted at control points. Intercepted data flows can be passed to a decision engine for requesting permission, denial, or modification of the data flow. Decision making can be based on the decision engine's evaluation of usage policies. Data usage transactions can trigger interception and evaluation.

[0113] To provide a set of authorization rules for chemical product data associated with the decentralized identifier of the IDS connector, a usage policy can be provided to the decision engine by a policy manager. The usage policy can be stored independently of the data. The policy manager can reside within the IDS connector and / or within the clearinghouse to enforce the usage policy.

[0114] Based on the decentralized identifier of the access entity or the data related to the decentralized identifier, the authorization rules of the chemical product data associated with the decentralized identifier can be selected for implementation. The implementation mechanism can play different roles for different systems or technologies (for example, perform different system actions). The abstract strategy can have different instantiations. The usage strategy can be instantiated on the target system. In another example (not shown), the usage strategy can follow the data (also referred to as the sticky strategy). The sticky strategy is a way of dealing with the distribution of usage restrictions. In this method, the machine-readable usage strategy can be attached to the data when the data is exchanged. There are different implementation possibilities. For example, data can be encrypted and can only be decrypted when compliance with usage restrictions is guaranteed.

[0115] The usage policy may include additional information provided by, for example, a policy information registry. The additional information may include information about contextual information, such as previous data usage or the entity's geographic location, pre-conditions or post-conditions that must hold before (e.g., integrity checks) and after (e.g., deleting a data item after use) a decision is made, and usage period conditions that must hold during use (e.g., only during business hours).

[0116] In the event that a decision depends on additional information, the decision engine or control point may request the additional information from the policy information registry. The policy information registry information may provide the requested additional information.

[0117] In addition, the policy information registry can be used to obtain contextual information for or about the intercepted system action (e.g., data flow information, geographic location of the requesting device). For example, the policy information registry can be used to resolve a vendor ID to a postal address, and resolve a postal address to GPS coordinates.

[0118] The policy enforcer can be used to perform additional actions based on the policy rules, such as sending a notification via email or writing to a system log when the data is used. The action can be triggered by, for example, sending instructions related to the desired additional action from the control point to the policy enforcer after the control point receives the additional information from the policy information system. The policy enforcer can perform the instructed action and can confirm the success of the action to the decision engine.

[0119] After the decision engine receives confirmation from the policy enforcer, it may forward its decision to the requesting control point. The decision may include allowing the data flow, denying the data flow, or modifying the data flow. The decision may be implemented by the control point. The selected authorization rule may be applied to the chemical product data associated with the decentralized identifier. The chemical product data associated with the decentralized identifier according to the selected authorization rule may be provided.

[0120] Usage control enforcement can be implemented in the IDS connector. At runtime, the usage control enforcement prevents the IDS connector from processing data in an undesirable manner, such as by forwarding personal data to a public endpoint. Applying usage policies associated with usage enforcement controls at the data provider connector or the data consumer connector can depend on the usage policy. At the data provider connector, the usage policy can specify how often data can be accessed, when (e.g., only during business hours), or that data must be filtered or masked (e.g., anonymized) before leaving the company. The usage policy at the data provider connector can include obligations for the data consumer. Technical enforcement can be handled by a control point or a policy enforcer based on usage restrictions. For example, restricting the flow of data to a specific target system to ensure proper usage purposes can be handled by a control point, while deleting data in a storage infrastructure external to the connector can be handled by a policy enforcer.

[0121] Usage control enforcement can be implemented at the storage infrastructure. The storage infrastructure can be any type of storage device used to persist data, such as a file system or a database. The storage infrastructure can be used without modification, but each use of the data can be handled by the IDS connector. In some instances, this may create a bottleneck. Usage control can be implemented by encrypting data within the IDS connector connected to the storage infrastructure before passing the data to the storage infrastructure. Use of the data is only possible by decrypting the data using the IDS connector. Therefore, each use is controlled by the IDS connector. In such cases, usage restrictions such as data lifetime or time constraints can be implemented by deleting encryption key material. Additionally or alternatively, the storage infrastructure may include usage control enforcement components that monitor and / or control the use of the data.

[0122] Usage control enforcement can also be implemented in applications so that data flow within the application can be controlled and adhere to usage policies. Similar to storage infrastructure, control points can be integrated into applications that control data flow.

[0123] The aforementioned usage control implementation in IDS allows for the following security requirements that cannot be achieved using traditional access control:

[0124] - Confidentiality: classified data shall not be forwarded to nodes that do not have the corresponding gap,

[0125] - Integrity: Critical data must not be modified by untrusted nodes, otherwise their integrity can no longer be guaranteed,

[0126] - Time to live: A prerequisite for data persistence is that the data must be deleted from the storage device after a given period of time,

[0127] - Anonymization by aggregation: Personal data must only be used as aggregates by untrusted parties. A sufficient number of different records must be aggregated to prevent de-anonymization of the individual records.

[0128] - Anonymization by replacement: data that allows identification of individuals (e.g., faces in camera images) must be replaced by appropriate substitutes (e.g., blurred) in order to guarantee that individuals cannot be de-anonymized from the data,

[0129] - Separation of duties: two data sets from competing entities (e.g., two chemical companies) must never be aggregated or processed by the same service,

[0130] - Scope of use: The data may only be used as input to the data pipeline within the connector, but must never leave the connector to reach an external endpoint.

[0131] Figure 6The final product passport including the chemical product passport is schematically illustrated.

[0132] Figure 6 The configuration shown is only one illustrative example, and there are different example configurations of passports anchored by digital identifiers. Different configurations include different parent, child, and grandchild relationships of passports generated in a production chain leading to a final product or a life cycle chain leading to end of life.

[0133] Figure 6 This example illustrates a fully embedded configuration for different products generated in a production chain leading to the final product or a lifecycle chain leading to the end of life. Separate passports can be generated for each stage of the production chain leading to the final product or the lifecycle chain leading to the end of life. Passport generation can include providing decentralized identifiers and authentication mechanisms for each of the multiple stages. By fully embedding the chemical product passport, authorization rules for back-tracing can be embedded in the chemical product passport. This allows authorization rules for back-tracing to be used at any stage of the production chain leading to the final product or the lifecycle chain leading to the end of life.

[0134] In other embodiments, various configurations for different passports generated throughout the production chain leading to the final product or the lifecycle chain leading to the end of life can be used. Separate passports can be generated for each stage of the production chain leading to the final product or the lifecycle chain leading to the end of life. Passport generation can include providing a decentralized identifier and authentication mechanism for each of the multiple stages. The relationships between passports at different stages of the production chain leading to the final product or the lifecycle chain leading to the end of life can be based on the links between such product passports.

[0135] In other embodiments, an anchoring configuration can be used for different passports generated throughout the production chain or lifecycle chain leading to the final product. Separate passports can be generated for each stage of the production chain or lifecycle chain leading to the final product. Passport generation can include providing a decentralized identifier and authentication mechanism for each of the multiple stages. The relationship between passports at different stages can be anchored to the final product passport based on links from passports at different stages to the final product passport.

[0136] Figure 7a 、 Figure 7b An example for tracing a chemical product back through a production chain or supply chain is schematically illustrated.

[0137] Figure 7a An embodiment is illustrated in which corresponding tracking data is provided by various participant nodes of the production chain or supply chain to the node of the chemical producer. Figure 3 and Figure 4The authorization rules are handled as described in the context of . The authorization rules related to chemical products can be passed on to participant nodes of the production chain or supply chain, for example.

[0138] A chemical product producer may provide at least one authorization rule related to a decentralized identifier associated with the chemical product and / or data related to the chemical product for access to tracking data by the chemical producer's data consumption service. The chemical product producer may provide at least one authorization rule to an intermediate product producer. Intermediate products may be produced based on the chemical product. The intermediate product producer's tracking data may be provided to the intermediate producer's data provision service. The intermediate product producer's tracking data may be provided for access by the chemical producer's data consumption service.

[0139] The chemical product producer may provide at least one authorization to the end product producer for the chemical producer's data consumption service to access the tracking data.

[0140] The final product can be produced based on the intermediate product. The tracking data of the final product producer can be provided to the data providing service of the final product producer. The tracking data of the final product producer can be provided to be accessed by the data consuming service of the chemical producer.

[0141] The corresponding tracking data can be provided to the data provision service of the corresponding product manufacturer, so that the data consumption service of the chemical manufacturer can access the tracking data. The reverse tracking in this embodiment allows the customization of authorization rules according to the production chain or supply chain participants without exposing the authorization rules to other production chain or supply chain participants.

[0142] Figure 7b An embodiment is illustrated in which corresponding tracking data is aggregated at the participant nodes of the final product and the aggregated tracking data is provided to the data consumption service of the chemical producer. Figure 3 and Figure 4 The authorization rules are handled as described in the context of . The authorization rules related to chemical products can be passed on to participant nodes of the production chain or supply chain, for example.

[0143] A chemical product producer may provide at least one authorization rule related to a decentralized identifier associated with the chemical product and / or data related to the chemical product for access to tracking data by the chemical producer's data consumption service. The chemical product producer may provide at least one authorization rule to an intermediate product producer. Intermediate products may be produced based on the chemical product. The tracking data of the intermediate product producer may be provided to the data provision service of the final producer. The tracking data of the intermediate product producer may be provided for access by the chemical producer's data consumption service via the data provision service of the final product producer.

[0144] An intermediate product producer can provide at least one authorization to an end product producer, allowing the chemical producer's data consumption service to access tracking data. End products can be produced based on the intermediate product. Tracking data from intermediate and end product producers can be aggregated at the end product producer's node. This tracking data can be provided to the end product producer's data provision service.

[0145] Tracking data for intermediate and final product producers may be made available for access by data consuming services for chemical producers.

[0146] Corresponding tracking data may be aggregated along the production chain and / or the life cycle chain.

[0147] The aggregated tracking data may be provided to the end product producer's data providing service for access to the tracking data by the chemical producer's data consuming service.

[0148] The tracking data of the intermediate product producer can be processed and provided by the final product producer. The reverse tracking in this embodiment allows the merged authorization rules from the chemical producer. The transmission of the aggregated tracking data from the final product producer reduces the network load.

[0149] Figure 7a 、 Figure 7b The embodiment of is only an example for implementing a method for back-tracking chemical products in a supply chain. In other embodiments, the authorization rules may be as follows: Figure 7b shared with some supply chain participants as described in the context of Figure 7a Such combinations enable customization and greater flexibility when dealing with decentralized delivery of tracking data. Figure 7a 、 Figure 7b The supply chain shown involves the production chain of a product and the backward tracking of the chemical products used to produce the product. This example can be easily extended to include the life cycle chain of the product and the participant nodes associated with the users of the product.

[0150] The present disclosure has also been described in conjunction with preferred embodiments and examples. However, other variations to the claimed invention can be understood and effected by those skilled in the art from a study of the drawings, the present disclosure, and the claims.

[0151] Any of the steps presented herein may be performed in any order. The methods disclosed herein are not limited to a particular order of the steps. Different steps do not need to be performed at specific locations in the distributed system or at specific computing nodes; that is, each step may be performed at a different computing node using different equipment / data processing.

[0152] As used herein, "determining" also includes "initiating or causing determination," "generating" also includes "initiating and / or causing generation," and "providing" also includes "initiating or causing determination, generation, selecting, sending, and / or receiving." "Initiating or causing performance of an action" includes any processing signal that triggers a computing node or device to perform a corresponding action.

[0153] In the claims and throughout the description, the word "comprising" does not exclude other elements or steps, and the indefinite article "a" or "an" does not exclude a plurality. A single element or other unit may fulfill the functions of several entities or items recited in the claims. The mere fact that certain measures are recited in mutually different dependent claims does not indicate that a combination of these measures cannot be used in an advantageous embodiment.

[0154] Any disclosure and embodiment described herein relates to the methods, systems, apparatus, computer program elements listed above, and vice versa. Advantageously, the benefits provided by any embodiment and example also apply to all other embodiments and examples, and vice versa.

[0155] All terms and definitions used herein should be understood broadly and have their ordinary meanings.

Claims

1. A method for tracking a chemical product during its use in the production of a product and / or the use of the product produced using the chemical product, the method comprising the following steps: providing at least one authorization rule associated with the chemical product, wherein the at least one authorization rule provides a chemical product producer with access to product data generated in connection with production of the product using the chemical product and / or use of the product produced using the chemical product, Generating tracking data associated with at least one attribute related to the use of the chemical product by applying the at least one authorization rule to the product data, and providing the tracking data to a data provision service of a product producer and / or product user for access by a data consumption service of the chemical product producer.

2. A method for authorizing a chemical producer to access back-tracking data, the method comprising the steps of: At least one authorization rule associated with a chemical product is provided, wherein the at least one authorization rule provides a chemical product producer with access to product data generated in connection with production of a product using the chemical product and / or use of the product produced using the chemical product, wherein the at least one authorization rule includes at least one event trigger item and one or more instructions, the one or more instructions being configured to generate tracking data associated with at least one attribute related to the use of the chemical product from the product data and being configured to provide the tracking data.

3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the at least one authorization rule is related to a decentralized identifier associated with the chemical product and / or data related to the chemical product.

4. The method according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the at least one authorization rule is provided as part of a chemical product passport, the chemical product passport comprising a decentralized identifier associated with the chemical product and / or data related to the chemical product.

5. The method according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the at least one authorization rule is provided by an authorization management system, wherein the authorization management system is associated with the data provision service of the product producer and / or product user.

6. A method according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the at least one authorization rule relates to at least one event trigger associated with the decentralized identifier associated with the chemical product and / or the use of the data related to the chemical product.

7. Method according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the authorization rules relate to the specification of tracking data based on product data associated with the product produced based on the chemical product.

8. A method according to any of the preceding claims, wherein providing the tracking data includes delivering the tracking data to the data consumption service of the chemical product producer, and / or wherein the tracking data associated with the respective product is provided to the data provision service of the respective product producer or product user.

9. The method according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the tracking data associated with respective products are aggregated and provided to the data providing service of an end product producer and / or end product user.

10. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein providing tracking data comprises providing a tracking passport comprising a decentralized identifier associated with the tracked product, data related to the tracked chemical product data, and / or data related to the tracked product data.

11. A method according to any preceding claim, wherein the tracking data comprises application type and application data associated with the chemical product.

12. A device for tracking a chemical product in reverse during the production of a product using the chemical product and / or the use of the product produced using the chemical product, the device comprising: an authorization provider configured to provide at least one authorization rule associated with the chemical product, wherein the at least one authorization rule provides a chemical product producer with access to product data generated in connection with production of the product using the chemical product and / or use of the product produced using the chemical product, a tracking data generator configured to generate tracking data associated with at least one attribute related to a use of the chemical product by applying the at least one authorization rule to the product data, and A tracking data provider is configured to provide the tracking data to a data provision service of a product producer and / or a product user for access by a data consumption service of the chemical product producer.

13. A data provision service for product producers, a data provision service for product producers and / or product users, or a data consumption service for chemical product producers, wherein the data provision service for product producers, the data provision service for product producers and / or product users, or the data consumption service for chemical product producers is configured to process tracking data provided by the method according to any one of claims 1 to 11 or as provided by the device according to claim 12.

14. Use of tracking data associated with a chemical product as provided by a method according to any one of claims 1 to 11 or as provided by an apparatus according to claim 12 for adjusting chemical product properties or for producing a chemical product.

15. A chemical product associated with at least one authorization rule for tracking the chemical product according to the method of any one of claims 1 to 11 or as provided by the device according to claim 12.

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