Vibration excitation soil crushing roller with self-cleaning function

Abstract

The invention discloses a shock excitation soil crushing roller with a self-cleaning function, and relates to the technical field of agricultural tillage and soil preparation operation machines and tools, and the shock excitation soil crushing roller comprises a profiling mechanism, a double-helix soil crushing roller, a transmission mechanism and a shock excitation mechanism. The first spiral steel ring and the second spiral steel ring are meshed with each other and move in a staggered mode in the working process, soil attached to the first spiral steel ring and the second spiral steel ring can be cleaned, the soil crushing roller is prevented from losing efficacy, the downward pressure of the double-spiral soil crushing roller is increased through swinging of the excitation hammer in the walking process, and the soil crushing effect is improved. And the crushing effect of the double-helix soil crushing roller on high-hardness soil blocks is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural tillage and land preparation machines, in particular to a vibration soil-breaking roller with a self-cleaning function. Background Art

[0002] Conservation tillage effectively improves soil fertility, reduces soil erosion and loss, and promotes healthy farmland ecology. Straw return to the field retains straw in the soil, improving soil fertility while addressing the pollution caused by straw burning. It is an essential technical component of conservation tillage.

[0003] A strip tiller is a commonly used machine for returning straw to the field. It can sort the crushed straw covering the ground into rows, and loosen and crush the soil in the sowing belt.

[0004] In actual operation, existing strip tillers, due to insufficient downward pressure on the soil from their crushing rollers, will experience a "bouncing" phenomenon when encountering hard clods or operating at a slightly faster speed, failing to effectively crush the clods. When the soil in the operating area is heavy and sticky, clods can easily become stuck in the gaps of the crushing rollers. A good environment for sowing requires a smooth, soft soil layer of a certain thickness. Uncrushed clods remaining on the surface will inevitably affect crop sowing and hinder crop emergence. Therefore, a vibrating crushing roller with a self-cleaning function is proposed, which is suitable for straw return operations under existing conservation tillage methods and effectively improves technical issues such as insufficient downward pressure and clod embedding. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: A vibration crushing roller with a self-cleaning function, comprising a profiling mechanism, a double-helix crushing roller, a transmission mechanism and a vibration mechanism; The profiling mechanism includes a fixed seat, a tension spring, a connecting arm, a small jumping plate and a small crossbeam. One end of the connecting arm is rotatably connected to the fixed seat through a pin, and the other end is rotatably connected to the small jumping plate through a pin. The bottom of the small jumping plate is fixedly connected to the small crossbeam. A tension spring is provided between the connecting arm and the fixed seat. Two herringbone plates are symmetrically fixedly connected to the bottom of the small crossbeam. The double-helix soil crushing roller includes a first spiral steel ring, a second spiral steel ring, a support plate and a central axis. Two central axes are symmetrically rotated between the two herringbone plates. Two support plates are provided on each central axis. The first spiral steel ring is fixedly connected between the two support plates on the central axis on the side away from the fixed seat, and the second spiral steel ring is fixedly connected between the two support plates on the other central axis. The first spiral steel ring and the second spiral steel ring are staggered with each other. A transmission mechanism is provided between the two central axes, and an excitation mechanism for increasing the downforce is provided on the central axis.

[0006] Preferably, the transmission mechanism includes a chain and a sprocket, and each of the two central shafts is fixedly connected to a sprocket via a pin, and a chain is provided between the two sprockets.

[0007] Preferably, the excitation mechanism includes an excitation hammer and a sleeve, the sleeve is fixedly arranged on the central axis, multiple excitation hammers are arranged on the outside of the sleeve, the top of the excitation hammer is hinged to the sleeve through a connecting ring, and a protrusion is provided on the side of the excitation hammer away from the connecting ring.

[0008] Preferably, the connecting ring is provided with a notch, and the exciting hammer and the connecting ring are detachably connected.

[0009] Preferably, the first spiral steel ring and the second spiral steel ring are both rolled from rectangular steel bars, the cross-sectional dimensions of the rectangular steel bars are 16×37 mm, and the side of the rectangular steel bars in contact with the soil is chamfered, with the chamfer dimensions being 5×45°.

[0010] Preferably, the spiral lines of the first spiral steel ring and the second spiral steel ring are the same, and the spiral lines thereof change according to the different soil moisture contents. The specific equation is: ; in is the pitch, the value range is 45≦ ≦93, is the number of circles, the value range is 2≦ ≦4.5; When the moisture content of the operating plot is less than 18%, The value range is 80≦ ≦93, The value range is 2≦ ≦2.8; when the moisture content of the operating plot is greater than 25%, The value range is 45≦ ≦62, The value range is 3.7≦ ≦4.5; when the moisture content of the operating plot is 18%≦ When ≤25%, The value range is 62< <80, The value range is 2.8< <3.7.

[0011] Preferably, three limiting holes are provided on one side of the connecting arm close to the fixing seat, a limiting pin is inserted into the fixing seat, and the connecting arm is connected and fixed to the fixing seat through one of the limiting holes and the limiting pin.

[0012] Preferably, the shape of the vibration hammer is a sector with a central angle of 120°, a radius of 130 mm, and a thickness of 50 mm. A plurality of protrusions are equidistantly arranged on the arc surface of the sector, and the size of the protrusions is 19×20×11.5 mm.

[0013] Preferably, a first gasket is provided between the support plate on the right side of the first spiral steel ring and the adjacent herringbone plate, and a second gasket is provided between the support plate on the left side of the second spiral steel ring and the adjacent herringbone plate.

[0014] Preferably, a limiting shaft is fixedly provided at one end of the connecting arm away from the fixed seat, and an arc-shaped limiting groove is provided on the small jumping plate. The limiting shaft on the connecting arm passes through the arc-shaped limiting groove on the small jumping plate and slides with the arc-shaped limiting groove.

[0015] The present invention has the following beneficial effects: The first spiral steel ring and the second spiral steel ring of the device engage with each other and move in an interlaced manner during operation, thereby cleaning the soil adhering to the first spiral steel ring and the second spiral steel ring and preventing the soil crushing roller from failing.

[0016] The contour-copying mechanism of the device can make the first spiral steel ring and the second spiral steel ring touch the ground at the same time, thereby preventing the first spiral steel ring or the second spiral steel ring from being suspended in the air.

[0017] During the movement of this device, the downward pressure of the double-helix crushing roller is increased by the swing of the vibrating hammer, thereby improving the crushing effect of the double-helix crushing roller on high-hardness soil blocks. The number of vibrating hammers can be increased or decreased according to the properties of the soil, thereby improving working efficiency and reducing transportation costs. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic structural diagram of the connecting arm, fixing seat, small jumping board and other components in the present invention; Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the structure of the first spiral steel ring, the second spiral steel ring, the central shaft and other components in the present invention; Figure 4 It is a structural diagram of the chain, sprocket and other components in the present invention; Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the structure of the components such as the excitation hammer, sleeve, and connecting ring in the present invention; Figure 6 Schematic cross-section of the rectangular steel bars of the first spiral steel ring and the second spiral steel ring in the present invention; Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the structure of the components such as the exciting hammer and the protruding block in the present invention; Figure 8Schematic diagram of the motion range of the profiling mechanism in the present invention; Figure 9 Schematic diagram of the installation position of the vibration hammer in the present invention; Figure 10 It is the working curve function image of the double-helix soil crushing roller in the present invention.

[0019] In the figure: 101, fixed seat; 102, tension spring; 103, connecting arm; 104, small jumping plate; 105, small crossbeam; 106, threaded rod; 201, first spiral steel ring; 202, second spiral steel ring; 203, support plate; 204, bearing seat; 207, first gasket; 208, center axis; 209, second gasket; 210, herringbone plate; 301, chain; 302, sprocket; 304, pin; 401, exciting hammer; 402, protrusion block; 403, sleeve; 404, connecting ring. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field based on the embodiments of the present invention without making any creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0021] The present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.

[0022] Embodiments of the present invention like Figures 1 to 10 As shown: To solve the problems mentioned in the technical solution, the embodiment of the present application provides a vibration-exciting soil-breaking roller with a self-cleaning function, comprising a profiling mechanism, a double-helical soil-breaking roller, a transmission mechanism, and a vibration-exciting mechanism. One end of the profiling mechanism is fixedly connected to an external machine, and the other end is connected to the double-helical soil-breaking roller. The vibration-exciting mechanism is arranged inside the double-helical soil-breaking roller. like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the profiling mechanism includes a fixed seat 101, a tension spring 102, a connecting arm 103, a small jumping plate 104 and a small crossbeam 105. It should be noted that Figure 1The cam 103 is connected to the fixed seat 101 by a pin, and the rear end of the connecting arm 103 is rotatably connected to the small jumping plate 104 by a pin. A limit shaft is fixedly provided at the rear end of the connecting arm 103. An arc-shaped limit groove is provided on the small jumping plate 104. The limit shaft on the connecting arm 103 passes through the arc-shaped limit groove on the small jumping plate 104 and slides with the arc-shaped limit groove. A small cross beam 105 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the small jumping plate 104. Two herringbone plates 210 are symmetrically fixedly connected to the bottom of the small cross beam 105. A tension spring 102 is provided between the connecting arm 103 and the fixed seat 101. Three limit holes are provided at the front end of the connecting arm 103, and a limit pin is inserted on the fixed seat 101. The connecting arm 103 is connected and fixed to the fixing seat 101 through one of the limiting holes and the limiting pin to prevent the connecting arm 103 from moving. By changing the limiting hole that cooperates with the limiting pin on the fixing seat 101, the height of the double-helix crushing roller can be adjusted. The end of the tension spring 102 close to the fixing seat 101 is rotatably connected to the fixing seat 101 through the pin. A guide block is rotatably provided on the connecting arm 103, and a threaded rod 106 is fixed on the end of the tension spring 102 away from the fixing seat 101. The threaded rod 106 passes through the guide block and slides with the guide block. A limiting nut is threadedly connected to the threaded rod 106. By rotating the limiting nut, the length of the tension spring 102 is limited, thereby adjusting the tension of the tension spring 102, and the downward pressure of the double-helix crushing roller is adjusted by adjusting the tension of the tension spring 102. like Figure 1 、 Figure 3As shown, the double-helix soil crushing roller includes a first spiral steel ring 201, a second spiral steel ring 202, a support plate 203, a first gasket 207, a central shaft 208 and a second gasket 209. Two central shafts 208 are symmetrically rotated between the two herringbone plates 210. Both ends of the central shaft 208 are rotatably connected to the herringbone plates 210 through bearing seats 204. Two support plates 203 are provided on each central shaft 208. The two support plates 203 are respectively located on the left and right sides of the central shaft 208. The first spiral steel ring 201 is fixedly connected between the two support plates 203 on the central shaft 208 on the side away from the fixed seat 101. The two ends of the first spiral steel ring 201 are respectively fixedly connected to the two support plates 203. The central shaft 203 close to the fixed seat 101 is fixedly connected to the two support plates 203. A second spiral steel ring 202 is fixedly connected between the two support plates 203 on 8, and both ends of the second spiral steel ring 202 are fixedly connected to the two support plates 203 respectively. A first gasket 207 is provided between the support plate 203 on the right side of the first spiral steel ring 201 and the herringbone plate 210 on the right, and a second gasket 209 is provided between the support plate 203 on the left side of the second spiral steel ring 202 and the herringbone plate 210 on the left. The first spiral steel ring 201 and the second spiral steel ring 202 are installed in an alternating manner relative to each other. By arranging the first gasket 207 and the second gasket 209, the axial relative positions of the first spiral steel ring 201 and the second spiral steel ring 202 remain unchanged. A transmission mechanism is provided between the two central shafts 208, and an excitation mechanism is provided on the central shaft 208.

[0023] The first spiral steel ring 201 and the second spiral steel ring 202 mesh with each other and move in an interlaced manner during operation, thereby effectively cleaning the soil adhering to the spiral steel rings, ensuring that the double-helix soil crushing roller does not accumulate soil during operation, and improving soil crushing and cleaning efficiency.

[0024] like Figures 1 to 4 As shown, the transmission mechanism includes a chain 301 and a sprocket 302. A sprocket 302 is fixedly connected to each of the two central shafts 208 through a pin 304. A chain 301 is arranged between the two sprockets 302 to realize the transmission of the two central shafts 208. The device is dragged forward by an external machine, so that the first spiral steel ring 201 and the second spiral steel ring 202 can rotate synchronously.

[0025] like Figures 1 to 5 as well as Figure 7As shown, the vibration mechanism includes an exciting hammer 401 and a sleeve 403. The sleeve 403 is fixedly arranged on the central shaft 208. A plurality of exciting hammers 401 are arranged on the outside of the sleeve 403. The top of the exciting hammer 401 is hinged to the sleeve 403 through a connecting ring 404. A protrusion block 402 is provided on the side of the exciting hammer 401 away from the connecting ring 404, and the connecting ring 404 is provided with a notch. The exciting hammer 401 and the connecting ring 404 are detachably connected to each other, which is convenient for disassembling the exciting hammer 401. The number of exciting hammers 401 can be changed to adapt to different soil hardness. The exciting hammer 401 is arranged on the inner side of the first spiral steel ring 201 and the second spiral steel ring 202. The protrusion block 402 on the exciting hammer 401 can secondary crush the soil entering the inner side of the first spiral steel ring 201 or the second spiral steel ring 202.

[0026] like Figure 1 、 Figure 2 、 Figure 8 As shown, the profiling mechanism includes profiling of the fixing seat 101 and the connecting arm 103 and profiling of the small jumping plate 104 and the connecting arm 103; The parameter range between each profiling point at the fixing seat 101 and the connecting arm 103 is: is 725.4-767.2mm, 786.6-800.6mm, 173.8-339.0mm; The range of the profiling angle between the small jumping plate 104 and the connecting arm 103 is: 0° to 9.98°, It is -9.98° to 0°.

[0027] like Figure 2 、 Figure 6 As shown, the first spiral steel ring 201 and the second spiral steel ring 202 are both rolled from rectangular steel bars, the cross-sectional dimensions of the rectangular steel bars are 16×37 mm, and the side of the rectangular steel bars in contact with the soil is chamfered, the chamfer dimensions are 5×45°, and the center distance between the two center axes 208 is 360 mm.

[0028] The spiral lines of the first spiral steel ring 201 and the second spiral steel ring 202 are the same, and their spiral lines change according to the different soil moisture contents. The specific equation is: ; in The pitch of the spiral steel ring, the value range is 45≦ ≦93, The pitch of the spiral steel ring, the value range is 2≦ ≦4.5; When the moisture content of the operating plot is less than 18%, The value range is 80≦ ≦93, The value range is 2≦ ≦2.8; when the moisture content of the operating plot is greater than 25%, The value range is 45≦ ≦62, The value range is 3.7≦ ≦4.5; when the moisture content of the operating plot is 18%≦ When ≤25%, The value range is 62< <80, The value range is 2.8< <3.7.

[0029] like Figure 1 、 Figure 2 、 Figure 9 As shown, a vibration mechanism is provided inside the first spiral steel ring 201 and the second spiral steel ring 202, and the phase difference between the vibration mechanism in the first spiral steel ring 201 and the second spiral steel ring 202 is 180°. This arrangement can increase the dynamic balance of the entire soil crushing device during operation.

[0030] In order to increase the rotation radius of the center of mass of the vibrating hammer 401, the shape of the vibrating hammer 401 is a sector with a central angle of 120°, a radius of 130mm, and a thickness of 50mm. A protrusion block 402 is provided on the arc surface of the sector at every 20° interval. The size of the protrusion block 402 is 19×20×11.5mm.

[0031] The distance between the left end face of the leftmost exciting hammer 401 and the right end face of the rightmost exciting hammer 401 in an exciting mechanism , and soil firmness Following the relationship: ; in, is the radius of the fan-shaped plane of the vibrating hammer 401, is the density of the vibrating hammer 401 material, is the eccentricity, is the rotational angular velocity of the vibrating hammer 401; According to the above relationship, when 1400KPa< When the pressure is less than 1800KPa, install an exciting hammer 401. When 1800KPa≦ When the pressure is less than 2200KPa, install two vibration hammers 401; when 2200KPa< Three exciting hammers 401 are installed at the same time.

[0032] During the movement of this device, the downward pressure of the double-helix soil crushing roller is increased by the swing of the exciting hammer 401, thereby improving the crushing effect of the double-helix soil crushing roller on high-hardness soil blocks. Moreover, the first spiral steel ring 201 and the second spiral steel ring 202 are engaged with each other, which can effectively clean the soil adhering to the spiral steel rings, ensuring that the double-helix soil crushing roller does not accumulate soil during operation, thereby realizing the self-cleaning function.

[0033] While embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations may be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, and that the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A vibrating soil crushing roller with self-cleaning function, characterized in that: It includes a profiling mechanism, a double-helix soil crushing roller, a transmission mechanism and a vibration mechanism; The profiling mechanism includes a fixed seat (101), a tension spring (102), a connecting arm (103), a small jumping plate (104) and a small crossbeam (105), one end of the connecting arm (103) is rotatably connected to the fixed seat (101) through a pin, and the other end is rotatably connected to the small jumping plate (104) through a pin, the bottom of the small jumping plate (104) is fixedly connected to the small crossbeam (105), a tension spring (102) is provided between the connecting arm (103) and the fixed seat (101), and the bottom of the small crossbeam (105) is symmetrically fixedly connected to two herringbone plates (210); The double-helix soil crushing roller comprises a first spiral steel ring (201), a second spiral steel ring (202), a support plate (203) and a central shaft (208); two central shafts (208) are symmetrically rotated between the two herringbone plates (210); two support plates (203) are provided on each central shaft (208); the first spiral steel ring (201) is fixedly connected between the two support plates (203) on the central shaft (208) away from the fixed seat (101); the second spiral steel ring (202) is fixedly connected between the two support plates (203) on the other central shaft (208); the first spiral steel ring (201) and the second spiral steel ring (202) are interlaced with each other; a transmission mechanism is provided between the two central shafts (208); and an excitation mechanism for increasing downward force is provided on the central shaft (208).

2. The vibrating soil crushing roller with self-cleaning function according to claim 1, characterized in that: The transmission mechanism comprises a chain (301) and a sprocket (302). The two central shafts (208) are each fixedly connected to a sprocket (302) via a pin (304), and the chain (301) is arranged between the two sprockets (302).

3. The vibrating soil crushing roller with self-cleaning function according to claim 1, characterized in that: The excitation mechanism comprises an excitation hammer (401) and a sleeve (403), wherein the sleeve (403) is fixedly arranged on the central shaft (208), a plurality of excitation hammers (401) are arranged outside the sleeve (403), the top of the excitation hammer (401) is hinged to the sleeve (403) via a connecting ring (404), and a protrusion (402) is arranged on the side of the excitation hammer (401) away from the connecting ring (404).

4. The vibrating soil crushing roller with self-cleaning function according to claim 3, characterized in that: The connecting ring (404) is provided with a notch, and the exciting hammer (401) and the connecting ring (404) are detachably connected.

5. The vibrating soil crushing roller with self-cleaning function according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first spiral steel ring (201) and the second spiral steel ring (202) are both rolled from rectangular steel bars, the cross-sectional dimensions of the rectangular steel bars being 16×37 mm, and the side of the rectangular steel bars in contact with the soil being chamfered, with the chamfer dimensions being 5×45°.

6. The vibrating soil crushing roller with self-cleaning function according to claim 5, characterized in that: The spiral lines of the first spiral steel ring (201) and the second spiral steel ring (202) are the same, and their spiral lines change according to the different soil moisture contents. The specific equation is: ； in is the pitch, the value range is 45≦ ≦93, is the number of circles, the value range is 2≦ ≦4.5; When the moisture content of the operating plot is less than 18%, The value range is 80≦ ≦93, The value range is 2≦ ≦2.8; when the moisture content of the operating plot is greater than 25%, The value range is 45≦ ≦62, The value range is 3.7≦ ≦4.5; when the moisture content of the operating plot is 18%≦ When ≤25%, The value range is 62< <80, The value range is 2.8< <3.

7.

7. The vibrating soil crushing roller with self-cleaning function according to claim 1, characterized in that: Three limiting holes are provided on one side of the connecting arm (103) close to the fixing seat (101), a limiting pin is inserted into the fixing seat (101), and the connecting arm (103) is connected and fixed to the fixing seat (101) through one of the limiting holes and the limiting pin.

8. The vibrating soil crushing roller with self-cleaning function according to claim 3, characterized in that: The shape of the vibration hammer (401) is a sector with a central angle of 120°, a radius of 130 mm, and a thickness of 50 mm. A plurality of protrusions (402) are equidistantly arranged on the arc surface of the sector. The size of the protrusions (402) is 19×20×11.5 mm.

9. The vibrating soil crushing roller with self-cleaning function according to claim 1, characterized in that: A first gasket (207) is provided between the support plate (203) on the right side of the first spiral steel ring (201) and the adjacent herringbone plate (210), and a second gasket (209) is provided between the support plate (203) on the left side of the second spiral steel ring (202) and the adjacent herringbone plate (210).

10. The vibrating soil crushing roller with self-cleaning function according to claim 1, characterized in that: A limiting shaft is fixedly provided at one end of the connecting arm (103) away from the fixing seat (101), and a circular arc limiting groove is provided on the small jumping plate (104). The limiting shaft on the connecting arm (103) passes through the circular arc limiting groove on the small jumping plate (104) and is slidably engaged with the circular arc limiting groove.

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