Film covering device for crop planting

Abstract

A film covering device for crop planting comprises a vehicle frame, two symmetrically-distributed screws are arranged on the vehicle frame, a film laying frame is arranged on the two screws, adjusting nuts are arranged on the screws, a mounting frame is arranged on the film laying frame, a PE film covering cylinder is detachably connected to the mounting frame through two symmetrically-distributed bolts, a PE film is arranged on the PE film covering cylinder, and the PE film covering cylinder is provided with a plastic film. An extension spring is arranged between the plug pin and the mounting frame, a guide frame is arranged on the film laying frame, an electric push rod is mounted on the guide frame, a pressing frame is arranged on the electric push rod, two sliding blocks are arranged on the guide frame, a sliding frame is arranged on the sliding blocks, the sliding frame is connected to the pressing frame, and the pressing frame is connected to the film laying frame. A compression spring is arranged between the sliding block and the sliding frame, a cutting knife is installed on the sliding frame, automatic unfolding and laying of the PE film are achieved through movement of the frame, the automatic positioning and punching effect of the PE film is achieved through cooperation of the downward pressing frame, the sliding block and the cutting knife, and automation of the device is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of crop equipment, and in particular to a film covering device for crop planting. Background Art

[0002] Crop film covering refers to covering crop seedlings with film, the purpose of which is to increase soil temperature, promote seed germination and seedling growth, reduce nutrient loss, and improve fertilizer absorption efficiency.

[0003] Conventional crop covering films generally use PE film (polyethylene film). The film covering steps are divided into film laying and punching. During the film laying process, manual or mechanical laying is generally adopted, and then holes are manually punched in the film for sowing. This manual punching method is simple, but it will cause the film to tear and reduce the covering effect. In addition, manual punching is difficult to ensure consistent plant row spacing. There is a situation where the holes are punched too densely or too sparsely, which affects the accuracy of subsequent drip irrigation and fertilization. Moreover, the labor cost is high when planting on a large scale.

[0004] Therefore, the present invention proposes a film covering device for crop planting to achieve mechanized film laying and hole punching effects. Summary of the Invention

[0005] According to the problems raised in the background technology, the present invention provides a film covering device for crop planting to solve the problems, and the present invention will be further explained below.

[0006] A film covering device for crop planting comprises a frame, the frame is provided with two symmetrically distributed screws, the two screws are provided with a film laying frame, the screws are provided with an adjusting nut, the film laying frame is provided with a mounting frame, the mounting frame is detachably connected to a PE film covering cylinder through two symmetrically distributed pins, the PE film covering cylinder is provided with a PE film, a tension spring is provided between the pin and the mounting frame, the film laying frame is provided with a guide frame, an electric push rod is installed on the guide frame, a lower pressure frame is provided on the electric push rod, two sliders are provided on the guide frame, a sliding frame is provided on the slider, the sliding frame is connected to the lower pressure frame, a compression spring is provided between the slider and the sliding frame, and a cutting knife is installed on the sliding frame, the cutting knife is a cross-shaped film hole cutting knife.

[0007] Preferably, the slider is provided with a bolt, and the bolt is connected to the guide frame to facilitate the fixation of the slider.

[0008] Preferably, a connecting frame is provided on the sliding frame, a heat sealer is provided on the connecting frame, a heating element and a heat conducting plate are provided on the heat sealer, and a working surface of the heat sealer exceeds the cutting area of the cutting knife to achieve a heat sealing effect.

[0009] Preferably, a pressing piece is provided on the connecting frame, a limiting pin is provided on the connecting frame, the limiting pin is connected to the pressing piece, a return spring is provided between the pressing piece and the connecting frame, and the pressing piece is designed to protrude axially to fix the PE film in the cutting area.

[0010] Preferably, the lower pressure frame is provided with multiple groups of connecting parts, the connecting parts are provided with pressure rods, the pressure rods are provided with flattening frames, the flattening frames are provided with several evenly distributed rollers, a torsion spring is provided between the rollers and the flattening frames, a rubber roller is provided on the rollers, the pressure rod is in a broken line shape, the film laying frame is provided with multiple groups of supporting parts, the supporting parts are connected to the pressure rods, the flattening frame is provided with a clamping part, the clamping part is provided with a support rod, the support rod is connected to the film laying frame, and a support spring is provided between the film laying frame and the clamping part, in order to flatten other areas of the PE film.

[0011] Preferably, a limit frame is provided on the frame, a water tank is installed on the limit frame, a water outlet is connected to the water tank (41) through a water pipe, a spray part is provided on the water outlet, the spray part is placed on the front side of the film laying frame, a piston rod is provided on the water outlet, and the piston rod is connected to the lower pressure frame to spray the PE film.

[0012] Beneficial effects: Compared with the prior art, the present invention realizes the automatic unfolding effect of the PE film on the film laying frame through the movement of the frame, thereby improving the film laying efficiency; by starting the electric push rod, the lower pressure frame, the sliding frame and the cutting knife move downward in a coordinated manner, so that the cutting knife contacts and squeezes the PE film for cutting, thereby realizing the automatic punching effect; through the linkage cooperation of the connecting frame and the heat sealer, the heat sealer contacts the PE film for heat sealing, thereby avoiding cracking of the punched edge; through the linkage cooperation of the connecting piece, the pressure rod, the flattening frame and the rubber roller thereon, the rubber roller contacts the PE film and flattens the PE film, thereby facilitating the subsequent punching accuracy; through the movement of the piston rod, the water flow in the water outlet is squeezed, and the water flow in the water outlet is pressurized into the spraying piece and then directed to hit the bottom of the PE film, thereby realizing the spraying effect, thereby promoting the growth of plants; at the same time, the PE film is wetted and in close contact with soil particles, thereby reducing the risk of wind-driven film lifting. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0013] Figure 1 : Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the present invention;

[0014] Figure 2 : A schematic structural diagram of the present invention;

[0015] Figure 3 :Schematic diagram of the structure of the components related to the installation of this PE film

[0016] Figure 4 : A schematic structural diagram of the relevant components for PE film counting according to the present invention;

[0017] Figure 5 : A schematic structural diagram of the present invention at B;

[0018] Figure 6 : A schematic structural diagram of the relevant components of the spray assembly of the present invention;

[0019] In the figure: 1-frame, 11-PE film coating cylinder, 12-film laying frame, 13-screw, 14-pin, 15-tension spring, 16-mounting frame, 17-guide frame, 18-electric push rod, 19-pressing frame, 110-slider, 111-sliding frame, 112-compression spring, 113-bolt, 114-cutting knife, 115-fixing part, 116-rolling trigger, 117-counting display, 2-connecting frame, 21-heat sealer, 22-pressing piece, 23-reset spring, 24-limiting pin, 3-supporting piece, 31-connecting piece, 32-pressure rod, 33-flattening frame, 34-clamping piece, 35-support spring, 36-rubber roller, 37-torsion spring, 38-support rod, 39-roller, 4-limiting frame, 41-water tank, 42-water pipe, 43-water outlet, 44-piston rod, 45-spraying piece. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] Next, combine Figures 1-6 A specific embodiment of the present invention is described in detail.

[0021] refer to Figures 1-6 A film covering device for crop planting includes a freely movable frame 1, on which a film laying component and a punching component are provided. The film covering device is automatically spread on the ground by the film laying component, and the punching component is used to achieve an equidistant punching effect on the film covering.

[0022] refer to Figure 3 The film laying assembly includes a film laying frame 12 that can move up and down, and a mounting frame 16 is fixed to the film laying frame 12. The mounting frame 16 is detachably connected to a PE film coating cylinder 11 through two symmetrically distributed pins 14. The PE film coating cylinder 11 is wound with PE film, and a tension spring 15 is compressed between the pin 14 and the mounting frame 16. The purpose is to install and replace the PE film coating cylinder 11 through the pin 14, and the PE film is directionally unfolded on the film laying frame 12.

[0023] refer to Figure 1 In order to facilitate the up and down movement of the film laying frame 12, two symmetrically distributed screws 13 are threadedly connected to the frame 1, and the ends of the two screws 13 are fixed to the film laying frame 12, aiming to achieve the up and down movement effect of the film laying frame 12 through the action of the screws 13. The screws 13 are provided with adjusting nuts, and the adjusting nuts are manually adjusted to move the screws 13 downward, thereby driving the film laying frame 12 to move downward, that is, the film laying frame 12 moves down and hits the ground, and then the film laying action is performed.

[0024] Before film laying, pull out the pin 14, install the PE film-wrapped PE film cylinder 11 on the mounting frame 16, tighten the pin 14, stretch the spring 15 to deform, stabilize the PE film cylinder 11 on the mounting frame 16, manually extract the end of the PE film on the PE film cylinder 11, move the frame 1, and the PE film is directionally unfolded on the film laying frame 12 to realize the film laying action.

[0025] refer to Figure 2 In order to realize mechanical automatic punching, a guide frame 17 is fixedly connected to the film laying frame 12, and an electric push rod 18 is installed on the guide frame 17. The output end of the electric push rod 18 is fixedly connected to a lower pressure frame 19, and two punching components are slidably connected to the lower pressure frame 19, which is intended to determine the plant row spacing through the sliding distance of the two punching components.

[0026] The punching assembly includes two sliders 110 slidingly connected to the guide frame 17, and a sliding frame 111 is slidingly connected to both sliders 110. The ends of the sliding frames 111 are slidingly connected to the lower pressure frame 19. A compression spring 112 is compressed between the sliders 110 and the ends of the sliding frames 111. A cutting knife 114 is installed on the sliding frame 111. The cutting knife 114 is a cross-shaped film hole cutting knife, which is used to cut a standard cross-shaped opening on the PE film to facilitate crop sowing. That is, through the movement of the sliding frame 111, the cutting knife 114 is linked to move and cut the PE film.

[0027] After the PE film is directionally unfolded on the film laying frame 12, the distance between the two sliding frames 111 is adjusted according to the planting row spacing of the plants. The slider 110 moves with the sliding frame 111, the electric push rod 18 is started, the lower pressure frame 19 moves downward in a controlled manner, and the sliding frame 111 and the cutting knife 114 move downward in conjunction, the compression spring 112 is deformed, and the cutting knife 114 contacts and squeezes the PE film to cut.

[0028] refer to Figure 2 In order to achieve the stop position after the two sliding frames 111 are positioned and slided, a bolt 113 is threadedly connected to the slider 110, and the bolt 113 is threadedly connected to the guide frame 17. By adjusting the bolt 113 and moving the sliding frame 111, the slider 110 is controlled to move synchronously. After positioning, the bolt 113 is adjusted to stabilize the slider 110 on the guide frame 17, thereby achieving the effect of stopping the sliding frame 111.

[0029] There is stress concentration at the incision of the PE film by the cutting knife 114. With the wind or during the planting process, the incision of the PE film is torn and the incision is easy to extend and expand, affecting the temperature inside the PE film and the evaporation of soil moisture, thereby affecting the development of the plant root system. Therefore, this device solves this problem through a heat sealing component. A connecting frame 2 is fixedly connected to the sliding frame 111, and a heat sealer 21 is fixedly connected to the connecting frame 2. The heat sealer 21 is provided with a heating element and a heat conducting plate. The working surface of the heat sealer 21 exceeds the cutting area of the cutting knife 114, so that the heat sealer 21 can heat-seal the extended part of the PE film incision to avoid the expansion of the incision.

[0030] As the sliding frame 111 moves downward, the linkage connecting frame 2 and the heat sealer 21 move downward, and the heat sealer 21 contacts the PE film for heat sealing, that is, the cutting action of the cutting knife 114 and the heat sealing action of the heat sealer 21 are synchronized, and the incision is located in the heat sealing area.

[0031] Taking into account that during the cutting process of the cutting knife 114, there is a possibility of local unevenness in the punching area due to uneven traction at the end of the PE film, which in turn affects the cutting accuracy, the following settings are made: a lower pressure piece 22 is slidably connected to the connecting frame 2, and the end of the connecting frame 2 is slidably connected to a limit pin 24. The bottom of the limit pin 24 is fixedly connected to the lower pressure piece 22, and a return spring 23 wound on the limit pin 24 is compressed between the lower pressure piece 22 and the connecting frame 2. The lower pressure piece 22 is designed to protrude axially, that is, the lower pressure piece 22 is designed to protrude axially relative to the cutting knife 114. The purpose is that the lower pressure piece 22 first contacts the PE film and presses it, and then performs cutting and heat sealing actions, thereby avoiding affecting the cutting and heat sealing effects of the punching area of the PE film due to uneven traction.

[0032] The sliding frame 111 moves downward, and the linkage connecting frame 2 and the heat sealer 21 move downward. The return spring 23 is deformed under force and transmits the pressure to the pressing piece 22. The pressing piece 22 moves downward in a controlled manner. Due to the axial protrusion design of the pressing piece 22 relative to the cutting knife 114, the pressing piece 22 first contacts the PE film and the PE film is fixed. Subsequently, the cutting knife 114 and the heat sealer 21 contact the PE film to cut and heat seal, thereby achieving the effect of positioning digging and edge heat sealing.

[0033] After the cutting and heat sealing actions are completed, the electric push rod 18 is actuated, the lower pressure frame 19 is controlled to move upward, and the sliding frame 111, the connecting frame 2, the cutting knife 114 and the heat sealer 21 are moved upward and reset, and the compression spring 112 is reset. As the connecting frame 2 moves upward, the reset spring 23 is gradually reset. Under the gradual reset action of the reset spring 23, the lower pressure piece 22 is gradually moved upward and reset. In particular, based on the existence of the reset spring 23, the upward and reset action of the lower pressure piece 22 lags behind the reset action of the cutting knife 114 and the heat sealer 21. The purpose is that after the heat sealer 21 moves upward, the lower pressure piece 22 still maintains the pressing force on the PE film for a certain period of time, aiming to prevent the PE film from adhering to the heat sealer 21 and moving therewith.

[0034] As the frame 1 moves, the PE film is unfolded on the film laying frame 12, and the cutting knife 114 and the heat sealer 21 complete the punching and heat sealing actions on the PE film according to the preset plant planting row spacing. The lower pressing member 22 described above presses the PE film. The key effect is to avoid the impact of uneven traction on the cutting and heat sealing effects of the punching area of the PE film, that is, the PE film is only pressed and fixed in the edge area of the punching. However, the frame 1 moves, and the PE film is unfolded accordingly. The area to be punched still has wrinkles due to wind or uneven traction. Directly punching holes in the wrinkled film will cause the hole position to be offset, the shape to be irregular, and even tear the PE film.

[0035] refer to Figure 4-Figure 5 Therefore, this device is provided with a flattening component, which eliminates the wrinkles by lateral pulling force, further ensuring that the punching position is accurate and the punching edges are neat. The flattening component includes a plurality of symmetrically distributed connecting members 31 fixed to the lower pressing frame 19, and each of the connecting members 31 is connected to a pressing rod 32, and each of the pressing rods 32 is connected to a flattening frame 33. The flattening frame 33, the pressing rod 32 and the connecting member 31 constitute a connecting rod structure.

[0036] The flattening frame 33 is connected to a number of evenly distributed rollers 39, and a torsion spring 37 is compressed between the rollers 39 and the flattening frame 33. A rubber roller 36 that can flatten the PE film is fixed to the roller 39. The rubber roller 36 is placed on the top surface of the PE film, which means that the flattening frame 33 is moved, and the rollers 39 and the rubber roller 36 are linked to move. Based on the action of the torsion spring 37, the static friction and sliding state of the rubber roller 36 are dynamically converted to achieve the flattening of the PE film.

[0037] The flattening action of the rubber roller 36 on the PE film relies on the conversion of friction and tension. If there is a suspended area between the rubber roller 36 and the PE film surface, the contact area between the rubber roller 36 and the PE film will be insufficient, and the friction force transmission will fail. Therefore, the pressure rod 32 is in a broken line shape, which is intended to enable the rubber roller 36 to first generate a downward pressing force on the PE film through the action of the pressure rod 32, ensuring that the rubber roller 36 is in full contact with the PE film, and then the rubber roller 36 rolls to flatten the PE film.

[0038] The film laying frame 12 is fixedly connected with support members 3 whose number matches the connecting members 31. The end of the support member 3 is slidably connected to one end of the pressure rod 32, so as to guide the contact part of the pressure rod 32 through the support member 3. The flattening frame 33 is slidably connected with a clamping member 34, and the clamping member 34 is slidably connected with a support rod 38. The support rod 38 is fixed to the film laying frame 12. A support spring 35 is compressed between the film laying frame 12 and the clamping member 34, so as to guide the movement of the flattening frame 33 through the cooperation between the clamping member 34 and the support rod 38, and to realize the resetting of the flattening frame 33 through the support spring 35.

[0039] The rubber roller 36 and the PE film enter a static friction stage, that is, the rubber roller 36 no longer rolls relative to the PE film, and as the flattening frame 33 moves toward the side of the film laying frame 12, the rubber roller 36 generates a lateral pulling force on the PE film, thereby flattening the PE film.

[0040] As the flattening frame 33 moves downward, the linkage support rod 38 moves downward, and the support spring 35 is compressed and deformed. When the lower pressure frame 19 moves upward and resets, the torsion spring 37 resets, the connecting piece 31, the pressure rod 32 and the flattening frame 33 and the rubber roller 36 thereon all move upward and reset, and the support spring 35 resets, which is convenient for subsequent recycling.

[0041] The above description is the core innovation of this device, namely, automatic film laying is achieved through the film laying component, automatic punching is achieved through the punching component, a series of problems generated during the punching process are solved through the heat sealer 21, and the flattening component will further ensure the flatness of the PE film during the punching process, thereby improving the punching accuracy. In addition, this device also takes into account that after the PE film is laid and punched, in order to facilitate the regulation of the soil microenvironment under the PE film, this device sprays water under the PE film through a spray component, thereby optimizing the growth conditions of the plants. Figure 6The spray assembly includes a limiting frame 4 fixed to the frame 1, and a water tank 41 is installed on the limiting frame 4. The water tank 41 is filled with water. In order to facilitate the directional spraying of the water flow in the water tank 41 under the PE film, the water tank 41 is connected to a water outlet 43 through a water pipe 42, and the water outlet 43 is connected to a spray part 45 placed under the PE film, that is, the spray part 45 is detachably installed on the front side of the film laying frame 12, and the water tank 41, water pipe 42, water outlet 43 and spray part 45 constitute a connected pipeline structure.

[0042] In order to achieve the automatic spraying effect of the spray part 45, a piston rod 44 is slidably connected to the water outlet 43. The piston rod 44 and the water outlet 43 constitute a press-type water pump structure. When the piston rod 44 slides, the water flow in the water outlet 43 is pressurized and sprinkled out through the spray part 45. In order to achieve the sliding of the piston rod 44, the following linkage design is made: the piston rod 44 is fixedly connected to the lower pressure frame 19, that is, the movement of the lower pressure frame 19 is linked to the movement of the piston rod 44.

[0043] During the operation of the punching assembly, the electric push rod 18 is started, the lower pressure frame 19 moves downward, and the piston rod 44 is controlled to move downward, which squeezes the water flow in the water outlet 43. The water flow in the water outlet 43 is pressurized and enters the spray part 45 and then is directed to be sprinkled under the PE film. As the lower pressure frame 19 moves upward and resets, the piston rod 44 is controlled to move upward and reset. The water flow in the water outlet 43 is not pressurized, that is, it cannot be discharged through the spray part 45, thereby achieving an automatic water spraying effect. The amount of water is accurately controlled by the piston rod 44 to promote plant growth. At the same time, the water-soaked PE film is in close contact with soil particles under the action of gravity, reducing the risk of wind-blown film.

[0044] In order to reasonably calculate the length of the PE film to ensure consistent coverage between crop rows and reduce material waste, a fixing part 115 is fixed to the film laying frame 12, and a rolling trigger part 116 is connected to the fixing part 115. The rolling trigger part 116 contacts the top surface of the PE film. A counting display 117 for calculating the unfolded length of the PE film is installed on the rolling trigger part 116. It is designed to move with the frame 1, unfold the PE film, trigger the rolling trigger part 116 to roll, and the counting display 117 displays a value to feedback the unfolded length, which is convenient for relevant personnel to control and count.

[0045] The foregoing description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Those skilled in the art will readily appreciate that various modifications and variations of the present invention are possible. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, or improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention are intended to be within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A film covering device for crop planting, comprising a frame (1), characterized in that: The frame (1) is provided with two symmetrically distributed screw rods (13), and the two screw rods (13) are provided with a film laying frame (12), and the screw rods (13) are both provided with an adjusting nut. The film laying frame (12) is provided with a mounting frame (16), and the mounting frame (16) is detachably connected to a PE film coating cylinder (11) through two symmetrically distributed latches (14). The PE film coating cylinder (11) is provided with a PE film, and a tension spring (15) is provided between the latch (14) and the mounting frame (16). The film laying frame (12) is provided with a guide frame (16). 7), an electric push rod (18) is installed on the guide frame (17), a lower pressure frame (19) is provided on the electric push rod (18), two sliders (110) are provided on the guide frame (17), a sliding frame (111) is provided on the slider (110), the sliding frame (111) is connected to the lower pressure frame (19), a compression spring (112) is provided between the slider (110) and the sliding frame (111), a cutting knife (114) is installed on the sliding frame (111), and the cutting knife (114) is a cross-shaped film hole cutting knife.

2. The film covering device for crop planting according to claim 1, characterized in that: The slider (110) is provided with a bolt (113), and the bolt (113) is connected to the guide frame (17).

3. The film covering device for crop planting according to claim 1, characterized in that: A connecting frame (2) is provided on the sliding frame (111), a heat sealer (21) is provided on the connecting frame (2), a heating element and a heat conducting plate are provided on the heat sealer (21), and a working surface of the heat sealer (21) exceeds the cutting area of the cutting knife (114).

4. The film covering device for crop planting according to claim 3, characterized in that: The connecting frame (2) is provided with a pressing piece (22), the connecting frame (2) is provided with a limiting pin (24), the limiting pin (24) is connected to the pressing piece (22), a return spring (23) is provided between the pressing piece (22) and the connecting frame (2), and the pressing piece (22) is designed to protrude axially.

5. The film covering device for crop planting according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lower pressing frame (19) is provided with multiple groups of connecting members (31), the connecting members (31) are provided with a pressure rod (32), the pressure rod (32) is provided with a flattening frame (33), the flattening frame (33) is provided with a number of evenly distributed rollers (39), a torsion spring (37) is provided between the rollers (39) and the flattening frame (33), a rubber roller (36) is provided on the roller (39), the pressing rod (32) is in a broken line shape, the film laying frame (12) is provided with multiple groups of supporting members (3), the supporting members (3) are connected to the pressing rod (32), the flattening frame (33) is provided with a clamping member (34), the clamping member (34) is provided with a support rod (38), the support rod (38) is connected to the film laying frame (12), and a supporting spring (35) is provided between the film laying frame (12) and the clamping member (34).

6. The film covering device for crop planting according to claim 1, characterized in that: The frame (1) is provided with a limit frame (4), the limit frame (4) is installed with a water tank (41), the water tank (41) is connected to a water outlet (43) through a water pipe (42), the water outlet (43) is provided with a spraying component (45), the spraying component (45) is placed on the front side of the film laying frame (12), the water outlet (43) is provided with a piston rod (44), and the piston rod (44) is connected to the lower pressure frame (19).

7. The film covering device for crop planting according to claim 1, characterized in that: The film laying frame (12) is provided with a fixing part (115), the fixing part (115) is provided with a rolling trigger part (116), the rolling trigger part (116) is in contact with the PE film, and a counting display (117) is installed on the rolling trigger part (116).

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