Film evaporator with multi-stage scraper structure and working method of film evaporator

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of evaporators, and discloses a film evaporator with a multi-stage scraper structure and a working method thereof.The film evaporator comprises a heating chamber, the outer side face of the heating chamber is fixedly communicated with feeding ports at equal intervals in the axial direction, the bottom end of the heating chamber is fixedly communicated with a discharging port, and a main shaft is movably installed in the middle of the heating chamber; a main motor is mounted at the top end of the heating chamber, the output end of the main motor is connected with the top end of a main shaft, and the outer side face of the main shaft is fixedly sleeved with a mounting sleeve. Through cooperation between an electromagnetic column and a mounting sleeve and cooperation between a guide block and the main scraper assembly, the device can automatically retract the main scraper assembly in a non-concentration state, the device is kept in a non-scraping state, excessive abrasion caused by scraping is avoided, automatic reset of the main scraper assembly in a working state is achieved, abrasion is reduced, and the service life of the device is prolonged. The service life of the main scraper is prolonged, and the practicability is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of evaporators, and in particular relates to a thin film evaporator with a multi-stage scraper structure and a working method thereof. Background Art

[0002] A thin-film evaporator utilizes thin-film technology for heat exchange and is widely used in liquid concentration and separation processes in the chemical, pharmaceutical, and food processing industries. Its operating principle is to heat a liquid, partially evaporating it into vapor while the remaining concentrated liquid is continuously pushed through the thin film within the evaporator, thereby improving evaporation efficiency. A key feature of a thin-film evaporator is that the liquid forms a uniform thin film within the device. This continuous flow of the film significantly increases the heat transfer area between the liquid and the heated surface, thereby enhancing evaporation efficiency and heat exchange.

[0003] The scraper-type thin film evaporator is a type of thin film evaporator. It mainly achieves evaporation by scraping the liquid into a thin film through the rotation of the internal scraper. This type of evaporator is mainly divided into fixed scrapers and movable scrapers. However, when using movable scrapers, the scraper will maintain contact with the inner wall due to the centrifugal force after work. The scraper can only be restored to its original position when it is not in working state, resulting in excessive wear of the scraper during the preheating process, which urgently needs improvement.

[0004] At the same time, the scraper position of the scraper-type thin film evaporator is only in two states during use: close contact and retracted. The distance between the scraper and the inner wall of the evaporator cannot be adjusted according to the type of liquid, which greatly reduces its practicality and affects the evaporation efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The object of the present invention is to provide a thin film evaporator with a multi-stage scraper structure and an operating method thereof, so as to solve the problems raised in the above background technology.

[0006] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a thin film evaporator with a multi-stage scraper structure, comprising a heating chamber, the outer side surface of the heating chamber is fixedly connected to a feed port at axial equal intervals, the bottom end of the heating chamber is fixedly connected to a discharge port, a main shaft is movably installed in the middle of the heating chamber, a main motor is installed at the top of the heating chamber, the output end of the main motor is connected to the top of the main shaft, a mounting sleeve is fixedly sleeved on the outer side surface of the main shaft, main scraper assemblies are provided at the left and right ends of the mounting sleeve, and multi-stage scraper assemblies are installed at the bottom end of the main scraper assembly, a longitudinal guide rail is movably clamped on one end of the main scraper assembly close to the mounting sleeve, an adjustment assembly is installed in the middle of the longitudinal guide rail, and the upper and lower ends of the adjustment assembly are connected to the main scraper assembly.

[0007] When concentrating the liquid, the liquid needs to be injected into the heating chamber through the feed port and the liquid needs to be kept heated. At the same time, the main motor is turned on to drive the main shaft to rotate, so that the mounting sleeve rotates synchronously and the main scraper assemblies on the left and right sides are kept in a circumferential rotation state to complete the preliminary preparation.

[0008] As a further technical solution of the present invention, extended guide rails are installed on both ends of the left and right ends of the mounting sleeve, and guide blocks are movably connected inside the extended guide rails. The guide blocks are displaced left and right relative to the extended guide rails, and a passive telescopic rod located inside the extended guide rail is fixedly installed on the middle part of the guide block near one end of the mounting sleeve.

[0009] As a further technical solution of the present invention, the end of the passive telescopic rod away from the guide block is connected to one end of the inner cavity of the extended guide rail, and the end of the guide block away from the passive telescopic rod is fixedly connected to the extension rod, and the extension rod passes through one end of the extended guide rail and is fixedly connected to the oil storage tank.

[0010] As a further technical solution of the present invention, electromagnetic columns are installed on the upper and lower sides of the guide block near one end of the mounting sleeve. When the electromagnetic columns are adsorbed and connected to the mounting sleeve, the passive telescopic rod is in an extreme compression state, and the distance between the longitudinal guide rail and the heating chamber is the minimum.

[0011] Before concentrating the liquid, the heating chamber needs to be preheated. At this time, the power of the electromagnetic column needs to be turned on. At this time, the electromagnetic column can be adsorbed between the mounting sleeve. After the adsorption is completed, the passive telescopic rod is in a compressed state, and at the same time, it can drive the guide block to move toward the mounting sleeve. At this time, the oil storage tank and the longitudinal guide rail are synchronously pulled toward the mounting sleeve by the extension rod until the main scraper is away from the inner wall of the heating chamber. At this time, the preheating state can be maintained to avoid excessive wear of the main scraper. In the normal concentration state, only the power of the electromagnetic column needs to be turned off to drive the main scraper close to the inner wall of the heating chamber under the automatic reset of the passive telescopic rod, and the liquid is scraped into a thin film through the friction of the main scraper, and the evaporation and concentration process is carried out in conjunction with heating.

[0012] By utilizing the cooperation between the electromagnetic column and the mounting sleeve, as well as the cooperation between the guide block and the main scraper assembly, the device can automatically retract the main scraper assembly in the non-concentrating state, keep the device in the non-scraping state, avoid excessive wear caused by scraping, and realize automatic resetting of the main scraper assembly in the working state, thereby reducing wear, increasing the service life of the main scraper, and improving practicality.

[0013] As a further technical solution of the present invention, the end of the oil storage tank away from the mounting sleeve is fixedly connected to a three-way valve, the upper and lower ends of the three-way valve are connected to the adjustment component, an oil pump is built into the three-way valve, and the end of the three-way valve away from the mounting sleeve is connected to the middle part of the longitudinal guide rail.

[0014] When the contact gap needs to be adjusted for different liquids, the oil pump inside the oil storage tank can be turned on to introduce the hydraulic oil into the interior of the adjustment component through the three-way valve.

[0015] As a further technical solution of the present invention, the main scraper assembly includes two sliders, which are symmetrically clamped in the upper and lower parts of the longitudinal guide rail. The two sliders are connected to the adjustment assembly. The ends of the sliders away from the mounting sleeve are fixedly connected to the first fixed seat, and the ends of the first fixed seat away from the sliders are movably connected to the connecting rod through the rotating shaft.

[0016] As a further technical solution of the present invention, the end of the connecting rod away from the first fixed seat is movably connected to the second fixed seat through a rotating shaft. The main scraper assembly also includes a main scraper, and the upper and lower ends of the inner side of the main scraper are connected to the second fixed seat.

[0017] During evaporation and concentration, the rotation of the main shaft causes the longitudinal guide rail to rotate circumferentially. At this time, the connecting rod rotates circumferentially and drives the main scraper to rotate circumferentially relative to the inner wall of the heating chamber. The friction between the main scraper and the inner wall of the heating chamber spreads the liquid into a thin film. Combined with the heating of the liquid, the liquid is evaporated and the concentrated liquid is discharged through the discharge port.

[0018] As a further technical solution of the present invention, the adjusting assembly includes an adjusting tube, which is fixed to the longitudinal guide rail, and the upper and lower ends of the inner cavity of the adjusting tube are movably connected with piston plates, and the relatively far ends of the two piston plates are fixedly installed with piston rods, and the end of the piston rod away from the piston plate passes through one end of the adjusting tube and is connected to the slider, and the outer side of the piston rod is movably connected with a limiting spring, and the upper and lower ends of the limiting spring are respectively connected to one end of the piston plate and one end of the inner cavity of the adjusting tube, and the side of the adjusting tube close to the upper and lower ends is fixedly connected with an oil inlet valve, and the other end of the oil inlet valve is connected to the three-way valve.

[0019] When the hydraulic oil is input into the regulating tube through the oil inlet valve, the piston plate is pressurized and drives the two piston plates closer together. At this time, the limit spring can be stretched, and at the same time, drives the two piston rods closer together. At this time, the two sliders can be displaced relative to the longitudinal guide rail, that is, relatively close together. The two connecting rods are then deflected toward the middle and apply thrust to the main scraper, causing the main scraper to move toward the inner wall of the heating chamber, completing the gap adjustment process.

[0020] By utilizing the cooperation between the adjustment component and the main scraper component, the main scraper can be switched between two positions and the position can be fine-tuned to adjust the gap between it and the inner wall of the heating chamber so that the gap can meet the needs of different liquid concentration and evaporation. The entire adjustment process can be completed dynamically, which significantly improves the applicability of the device and improves the evaporation efficiency.

[0021] As a further technical solution of the present invention, the multi-stage scraper assembly includes a bottom guide rail, which is connected to the bottom end of the main scraper. The middle part of the bottom guide rail is movably connected with an adjusting screw rod, and the outer side surface of the adjusting screw rod is threaded with a clamping block. The clamping block is movably clamped with the bottom guide rail, and the bottom end of the clamping block is fixedly installed with an auxiliary scraper.

[0022] Before concentration, the screw rod can be adjusted by rotating according to the needs of concentration, so that the block moves left and right relative to the bottom guide rail, and drives the auxiliary scraper to move toward the inner wall of the heating chamber until it moves to the concentration position. At this time, the liquid film flattened by the main scraper enters the inner wall of the heating chamber below, and is further evaporated and concentrated by the scraping of the auxiliary scraper. The concentrated liquid is discharged through the discharge port, completing the multi-stage concentration and evaporation process.

[0023] A method for operating a thin film evaporator with a multi-stage scraper structure comprises the following steps:

[0024] S1: When liquid is evaporated, the liquid can be introduced into the interior of the heating chamber through the feed port and the heating chamber begins to be heated. At this time, the electromagnetic column is turned on, so that the electromagnetic column and the mounting sleeve are adsorbed and connected. At this time, the passive telescopic rod is in the ultimate compression state, and the distance between the longitudinal guide rail and the heating chamber is the minimum. At this time, the main scraper does not contact the inner wall of the heating chamber and maintains the preheating state;

[0025] S2: After the preheating is completed, the power supply of the electromagnetic column is turned off, and the main scraper is displaced toward the inner wall of the heating chamber under the reset action of the passive telescopic rod until it reaches the predetermined position. The main motor is turned on to drive the main shaft to rotate, and finally the main scraper is driven to rotate relative to the heating chamber, so that the liquid inside the heating chamber is evenly spread on the inner wall of the heating chamber to form a thin film, which falls under the action of gravity and is evaporated. The evaporated liquid is discharged through the discharge port;

[0026] S3: Simultaneously, before evaporation, the adjusting screw is rotated to adjust the position of the adjusting screw relative to the bottom guide rail, and the distance between the bottom auxiliary scraper and the inner wall of the heating chamber is adjusted. Through the circumferential rotation of the auxiliary scraper, multi-stage scraping is completed to achieve multi-stage evaporation;

[0027] S4: When the spacing needs to be adjusted according to the liquid type, the oil pump inside the oil tank is turned on to introduce the hydraulic oil into the inside of the regulating tube, and the spacing between the upper and lower piston rods is changed. Under the linkage action of the connecting rod, the spacing between the main scraper and the longitudinal guide rail is changed, and then the distance between the connecting rod and the inner wall of the heating chamber is changed to complete the adaptive adjustment process.

[0028] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0029] (1) The present invention utilizes the cooperation between the electromagnetic column and the mounting sleeve, as well as the cooperation between the guide block and the main scraper assembly, so that the device can automatically retract the main scraper assembly in the non-concentration state, keep the device in the non-scraping state, avoid excessive wear caused by scraping, realize automatic resetting of the main scraper assembly in the working state, reduce wear, increase the service life of the main scraper, and improve practicality.

[0030] (2) The present invention utilizes the cooperation between the adjustment component and the main scraper component, so that the main scraper can be switched between two positions and can also achieve fine adjustment of the position to adjust the gap between it and the inner wall of the heating chamber so that the gap can meet the requirements of different liquid concentration and evaporation. The entire adjustment process can be completed dynamically, which significantly improves the applicability of the device and improves the evaporation efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0031] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 2 It is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the internal structure of the heating chamber of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the state of the hidden heating chamber structure of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the present invention in a state where the main shaft is hidden;

[0035] Figure 5 It is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the internal structure of the oil storage tank and the three-way valve of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 6 This is an exploded schematic diagram of the bottom guide rail and the card block structure of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 7 This is an exploded schematic diagram of the main scraper assembly and the longitudinal guide rail structure of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 8 It is a partial cross-sectional schematic diagram of the adjustment component structure of the present invention.

[0039] In the figure: 1. Heating chamber; 2. Feed port; 3. Discharge port; 4. Main motor; 5. Main shaft; 6. Mounting sleeve; 7. Extension guide rail; 8. Extension rod; 9. Guide block; 10. Passive telescopic rod; 11. Electromagnetic column; 12. Oil storage tank; 13. Three-way valve; 14. Longitudinal guide rail; 15. Adjustment assembly; 151. Adjustment tube; 152. Piston plate; 153. Piston rod; 154. Limit spring; 155. Oil inlet valve; 16. Main scraper assembly; 161. Slider; 162. First fixed seat; 163. Second fixed seat; 164. Connecting rod; 165. Main scraper; 17. Multi-stage scraper assembly; 171. Bottom guide rail; 172. Adjustment screw; 173. Block; 174. Auxiliary scraper. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0040] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0041] like Figures 1 to 8 As shown, in an embodiment of the present invention, a thin film evaporator with a multi-stage scraper structure includes a heating chamber 1, the outer side surface of the heating chamber 1 is fixedly connected to a feed port 2 at axially equal intervals, the bottom end of the heating chamber 1 is fixedly connected to a discharge port 3, a main shaft 5 is movably installed in the middle of the heating chamber 1, a main motor 4 is installed at the top of the heating chamber 1, the output end of the main motor 4 is connected to the top of the main shaft 5, the outer side surface of the main shaft 5 is fixedly sleeved with a mounting sleeve 6, main scraper assemblies 16 are provided at the left and right ends of the mounting sleeve 6, and multi-stage scraper assemblies 17 are installed at the bottom end of the main scraper assembly 16, the main scraper assembly 16 is movably clamped with a longitudinal guide rail 14 at one end close to the mounting sleeve 6, and an adjustment assembly 15 is installed in the middle of the longitudinal guide rail 14, and the upper and lower ends of the adjustment assembly 15 are connected to the main scraper assembly 16.

[0042] When concentrating the liquid, the liquid needs to be injected into the interior of the heating chamber 1 through the feed port 2 and the liquid needs to be kept heated. At the same time, the main motor 4 is turned on to drive the main shaft 5 to rotate, so that the mounting sleeve 6 rotates synchronously and the main scraper assemblies 16 on the left and right sides are kept in a circumferential rotation state to complete the preliminary preparation.

[0043] like Figure 2 and Figure 3 as well as Figure 4As shown, extended guide rails 7 are installed on both ends of the mounting sleeve 6, and guide blocks 9 are movably connected to the interior of the extended guide rails 7. The guide blocks 9 are displaced left and right relative to the extended guide rails 7. A passive telescopic rod 10 located inside the extended guide rail 7 is fixedly installed in the middle of the guide block 9 near one end of the mounting sleeve 6. The end of the passive telescopic rod 10 away from the guide block 9 is connected to one end of the inner cavity of the extended guide rail 7. The end of the guide block 9 away from the passive telescopic rod 10 is fixedly connected to an extension rod 8. The extension rod 8 passes through one end of the extended guide rail 7 and is fixedly connected to an oil storage tank 12. Electromagnetic columns 11 are installed on the upper and lower sides of the guide block 9 near one end of the mounting sleeve 6. When the electromagnetic column 11 is adsorbed and connected to the mounting sleeve 6, the passive telescopic rod 10 is in an extreme compression state, and the distance between the longitudinal guide rail 14 and the heating chamber 1 is the minimum.

[0044] Embodiment: Before concentrating the liquid, the heating chamber 1 needs to be preheated. At this time, the power of the electromagnetic column 11 needs to be turned on. At this time, the electromagnetic column 11 can be adsorbed between the mounting sleeve 6. After the adsorption is completed, the passive telescopic rod 10 is in a compressed state and can drive the guide block 9 to move toward the mounting sleeve 6. At this time, the oil storage tank 12 and the longitudinal guide rail 14 are synchronously pulled by the extension rod 8 to move toward the mounting sleeve 6 until the main scraper 165 is away from the inner wall of the heating chamber 1. At this time, the preheating state can be maintained to avoid excessive wear of the main scraper 165. In the normal concentration state, it is only necessary to turn off the power of the electromagnetic column 11 to drive the main scraper 165 close to the inner wall of the heating chamber 1 under the automatic reset of the passive telescopic rod 10, and the liquid is scraped into a thin film through the friction of the main scraper 165, and the evaporation and concentration process is carried out in conjunction with heating.

[0045] By utilizing the cooperation between the electromagnetic column 11 and the mounting sleeve 6, as well as the cooperation between the guide block 9 and the main scraper assembly 16, the device can automatically retract the main scraper assembly 16 in the non-concentrated state, keep the device in the non-scraping state, avoid excessive wear caused by scraping, and realize automatic resetting of the main scraper assembly 16 in the working state, thereby reducing wear, increasing the service life of the main scraper 165, and improving practicality.

[0046] like Figure 3 and Figure 5 As shown, the end of the oil storage tank 12 away from the mounting sleeve 6 is fixedly connected to a three-way valve 13, the upper and lower ends of the three-way valve 13 are connected to the adjustment component 15, an oil pump is built into the three-way valve 13, and the end of the three-way valve 13 away from the mounting sleeve 6 is connected to the middle of the longitudinal guide rail 14.

[0047] When the contact gap needs to be adjusted for different liquids, the oil pump inside the oil storage tank 12 can be turned on to introduce the hydraulic oil into the interior of the adjustment assembly 15 through the three-way valve 13 .

[0048] like Figure 3 and Figure 7 As shown, the main scraper assembly 16 includes two sliders 161, and the two sliders 161 are symmetrically clamped in the inner part of the longitudinal guide rail 14 in the upper and lower directions. The two sliders 161 are connected to the adjustment assembly 15, and the end of the slider 161 away from the mounting sleeve 6 is fixedly connected to the first fixed seat 162, and the end of the first fixed seat 162 away from the slider 161 is movably connected to the connecting rod 164 through a rotating shaft, and the end of the connecting rod 164 away from the first fixed seat 162 is movably connected to the second fixed seat 163 through a rotating shaft. The main scraper assembly 16 also includes a main scraper 165, and the upper and lower ends of the inner side of the main scraper 165 are connected to the second fixed seat 163.

[0049] During evaporation and concentration, the rotation of the main shaft 5 causes the longitudinal guide rail 14 to rotate circumferentially. At this time, the connecting rod 164 rotates circumferentially therewith, and drives the main scraper 165 to rotate circumferentially relative to the inner wall of the heating chamber 1. The friction between the main scraper 165 and the inner wall of the heating chamber 1 spreads the liquid into a thin film. With the heating of the liquid, the liquid is evaporated and the concentrated liquid is discharged through the discharge port 3.

[0050] like Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown, the adjusting assembly 15 includes an adjusting tube 151, which is fixed to the longitudinal guide rail 14, and the upper and lower ends of the inner cavity of the adjusting tube 151 are movably connected with piston plates 152, and the relatively far ends of the two piston plates 152 are fixedly installed with piston rods 153, and the end of the piston rod 153 away from the piston plate 152 passes through one end of the adjusting tube 151 and is connected to the slider 161, and the outer side of the piston rod 153 is movably connected with a limit spring 154, and the upper and lower ends of the limit spring 154 are respectively connected to one end of the piston plate 152 and one end of the inner cavity of the adjusting tube 151, and the side of the adjusting tube 151 near the upper and lower ends is fixedly connected with an oil inlet valve 155, and the other end of the oil inlet valve 155 is connected to the three-way valve 13.

[0051] Embodiment: When the hydraulic oil is input into the regulating tube 151 through the oil inlet valve 155, the piston plate 152 is pressurized and drives the two piston plates 152 to be relatively close to each other. At this time, the limit spring 154 can be stretched and drives the two piston rods 153 to be relatively close to each other. At this time, the two sliders 161 can be displaced relative to the longitudinal guide rail 14, that is, relatively close to each other. The two connecting rods 164 are then deflected toward the middle and apply thrust to the main scraper 165, so that the main scraper 165 is displaced toward the inner wall of the heating chamber 1, completing the gap adjustment process.

[0052] By utilizing the cooperation between the adjustment component 15 and the main scraper component 16, the main scraper 165 can be switched between two positions and the position can be fine-tuned to adjust the gap between it and the inner wall of the heating chamber 1, so that the gap can meet the needs of different liquid concentration and evaporation. The entire adjustment process can be completed dynamically, which significantly improves the applicability of the device and improves the evaporation efficiency.

[0053] like Figure 3 and Figure 6 As shown, the multi-stage scraper assembly 17 includes a bottom guide rail 171, which is connected to the bottom end of the main scraper 165. The middle part of the bottom guide rail 171 is movably connected with an adjusting screw rod 172, and the outer side surface of the adjusting screw rod 172 is threadedly sleeved with a clamping block 173. The clamping block 173 is movably clamped with the bottom guide rail 171, and the bottom end of the clamping block 173 is fixedly installed with an auxiliary scraper 174.

[0054] Before concentration, the adjusting screw 172 can be rotated according to the concentration needs, so that the block 173 is displaced left and right relative to the bottom guide rail 171, and the auxiliary scraper 174 is driven to move toward the inner wall of the heating chamber 1 until it moves to the concentration position. At this time, the liquid film flattened by the main scraper 165 enters the inner wall of the heating chamber 1 below, and is further evaporated and concentrated by the scraping of the auxiliary scraper 174. The concentrated liquid is discharged through the discharge port 3, completing the multi-stage concentration and evaporation process.

[0055] A method for operating a thin film evaporator with a multi-stage scraper structure comprises the following steps:

[0056] S1: When liquid evaporation is performed, the liquid can be introduced into the interior of the heating chamber 1 through the feed port 2, and the heating chamber 1 begins to be heated. At this time, the electromagnetic column 11 is turned on, so that the electromagnetic column 11 and the mounting sleeve 6 are adsorbed and connected. At this time, the passive telescopic rod 10 is in an extreme compression state, and the distance between the longitudinal guide rail 14 and the heating chamber 1 is a minimum value. At this time, the main scraper 165 does not contact the inner wall of the heating chamber 1, and the preheating state is maintained;

[0057] S2: After the preheating is completed, the power supply of the electromagnetic column 11 is turned off, and the main scraper 165 is displaced toward the inner wall of the heating chamber 1 under the reset action of the passive telescopic rod 10 until it reaches the predetermined position. The main motor 4 is turned on to drive the main shaft 5 to rotate, and finally drives the main scraper 165 to rotate relative to the heating chamber 1, so that the liquid inside the heating chamber 1 is evenly spread on the inner wall of the heating chamber 1 to form a thin film, which falls under the action of gravity and is evaporated. The evaporated liquid is discharged through the discharge port 3;

[0058] S3: Simultaneously, before evaporation, the adjusting screw 172 is rotated to adjust the position of the adjusting screw 172 relative to the bottom guide rail 171, and the distance between the bottom auxiliary scraper 174 and the inner wall of the heating chamber 1 is adjusted. Through the circumferential rotation of the auxiliary scraper 174, multi-stage scraping is completed to achieve multi-stage evaporation;

[0059] S4: When the spacing needs to be adjusted according to the liquid type, the oil pump inside the oil storage tank 12 is turned on to introduce the hydraulic oil into the inside of the regulating tube 151, and the spacing between the upper and lower piston rods 153 is changed. Under the linkage action of the connecting rod 164, the spacing between the main scraper 165 and the longitudinal guide rail 14 is changed, and then the distance between the connecting rod 164 and the inner wall of the heating chamber 1 is changed to complete the adaptive adjustment process.

[0060] While embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations may be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, and that the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A thin film evaporator with a multi-stage scraper structure, comprising a heating chamber (1), characterized in that: The outer side surface of the heating chamber (1) is fixedly connected to a feed port (2) at equal axial intervals, and the bottom end of the heating chamber (1) is fixedly connected to a discharge port (3). A main shaft (5) is movably installed in the middle of the heating chamber (1), and a main motor (4) is installed at the top end of the heating chamber (1). The output end of the main motor (4) is connected to the top end of the main shaft (5). The outer side surface of the main shaft (5) is fixedly sleeved with a mounting sleeve (6). The left and right ends of the mounting sleeve (6) are both provided with main scraper assemblies (16). The bottom end of the main scraper assembly (16) is both provided with a multi-stage scraper assembly (17). The end of the main scraper assembly (16) close to the mounting sleeve (6) is movably connected to a longitudinal guide rail (14). An adjustment assembly (15) is installed in the middle of the longitudinal guide rail (14). The upper and lower ends of the adjustment assembly (15) are connected to the main scraper assembly (16).

2. The thin film evaporator with a multi-stage scraper structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The left and right ends of the installation sleeve (6) are both provided with extended guide rails (7), the interior of the extended guide rails (7) are both movably connected with guide blocks (9), the guide blocks (9) are displaced left and right relative to the extended guide rails (7), and a passive telescopic rod (10) located inside the extended guide rails (7) is fixedly installed in the middle of the guide block (9) near one end of the installation sleeve (6).

3. The thin film evaporator with a multi-stage scraper structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: One end of the passive telescopic rod (10) away from the guide block (9) is connected to one end of the inner cavity of the extension guide rail (7); one end of the guide block (9) away from the passive telescopic rod (10) is fixedly connected to an extension rod (8); the extension rod (8) passes through one end of the extension guide rail (7) and is fixedly connected to an oil storage tank (12).

4. The thin film evaporator with a multi-stage scraper structure according to claim 3, characterized in that: Electromagnetic columns (11) are installed on both upper and lower sides of the guide block (9) near one end of the mounting sleeve (6). When the electromagnetic column (11) and the mounting sleeve (6) are adsorbed and connected, the passive telescopic rod (10) is in an extreme compression state, and the distance between the longitudinal guide rail (14) and the heating chamber (1) is a minimum value.

5. The thin film evaporator with a multi-stage scraper structure according to claim 4, characterized in that: The oil storage tank (12) is fixedly connected to a three-way valve (13) at one end away from the mounting sleeve (6), and the upper and lower ends of the three-way valve (13) are connected to the regulating assembly (15). An oil pump is built into the interior of the three-way valve (13), and the end of the three-way valve (13) away from the mounting sleeve (6) is connected to the middle of the longitudinal guide rail (14).

6. The thin film evaporator with a multi-stage scraper structure according to claim 5, characterized in that: The main scraper assembly (16) includes two sliders (161), which are symmetrically clamped in the interior of the longitudinal guide rail (14) in an upper and lower manner. The two sliders (161) are connected to the adjustment assembly (15). The ends of the sliders (161) away from the mounting sleeve (6) are fixedly connected to the first fixing seat (162), and the ends of the first fixing seat (162) away from the sliders (161) are movably connected to the connecting rod (164) via a rotating shaft.

7. The thin film evaporator with a multi-stage scraper structure according to claim 6, characterized in that: One end of the connecting rod (164) away from the first fixed seat (162) is movably connected to the second fixed seat (163) via a rotating shaft. The main scraper assembly (16) also includes a main scraper (165). The upper and lower ends of the inner side of the main scraper (165) are connected to the second fixed seat (163).

8. The thin film evaporator with a multi-stage scraper structure according to claim 7, characterized in that: The regulating assembly (15) comprises a regulating tube (151), wherein the regulating tube (151) and the longitudinal guide rail (14) are fixed to each other, and the upper and lower ends of the inner cavity of the regulating tube (151) are movably sleeved with piston plates (152), and the ends of the two piston plates (152) that are relatively far away are fixedly mounted with piston rods (153), and the end of the piston rod (153) that is away from the piston plate (152) passes through one end of the regulating tube (151) and is connected to the slider (161), and the outer side surface of the piston rod (153) is movably sleeved with a limit spring (154), and the upper and lower ends of the limit spring (154) are respectively connected to one end of the piston plate (152) and one end of the inner cavity of the regulating tube (151), and the side of the regulating tube (151) close to the upper and lower ends is fixedly connected with an oil inlet valve (155), and the other end of the oil inlet valve (155) is connected to the three-way valve (13).

9. The thin film evaporator with a multi-stage scraper structure according to claim 8, characterized in that: The multi-stage scraper assembly (17) includes a bottom guide rail (171), the bottom guide rail (171) is connected to the bottom end of the main scraper (165), the middle part of the bottom guide rail (171) is movably connected to an adjusting screw rod (172), the outer side surface of the adjusting screw rod (172) is threadedly sleeved with a clamping block (173), the clamping block (173) is movably clamped with the bottom guide rail (171), and the bottom end of the clamping block (173) is fixedly mounted with an auxiliary scraper (174).

10. The operating method of a thin film evaporator with a multi-stage scraper structure according to claim 9, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1: When liquid is evaporated, the liquid can be introduced into the interior of the heating chamber (1) through the feed port (2), and the heating chamber (1) begins to be heated. At this time, the electromagnetic column (11) is turned on, so that the electromagnetic column (11) and the mounting sleeve (6) are adsorbed and connected. At this time, the passive telescopic rod (10) is in an extreme compression state, and the distance between the longitudinal guide rail (14) and the heating chamber (1) is a minimum value. At this time, the main scraper (165) does not contact the inner wall of the heating chamber (1), and the preheating state is maintained; S2: After the preheating is completed, the power supply of the electromagnetic column (11) is turned off, and the main scraper (165) is displaced toward the inner wall of the heating chamber (1) under the reset action of the passive telescopic rod (10) until it reaches a predetermined position, and the main motor (4) is turned on to drive the main shaft (5) to rotate, and finally drive the main scraper (165) to rotate relative to the heating chamber (1), so that the liquid inside the heating chamber (1) is evenly spread on the inner wall of the heating chamber (1) to form a thin film, and then falls under the action of gravity and is evaporated, and the evaporated liquid is discharged through the discharge port (3); S3: before evaporation, the adjusting screw (172) is rotated to adjust the position of the adjusting screw (172) relative to the bottom guide rail (171), and the distance between the bottom auxiliary scraper (174) and the inner wall of the heating chamber (1) is adjusted. Through the circumferential rotation of the auxiliary scraper (174), multi-stage scraping is completed to achieve multi-stage evaporation; S4: When the spacing needs to be adjusted according to the type of liquid, the oil pump inside the oil storage tank (12) is turned on to introduce the hydraulic oil into the inside of the regulating tube (151), and the spacing between the upper and lower piston rods (153) is changed. Under the linkage action of the connecting rod (164), the spacing between the main scraper (165) and the longitudinal guide rail (14) is changed, and then the distance between the connecting rod (164) and the inner wall of the heating chamber (1) is changed, completing the adaptive adjustment process.

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