Multi-sensor fused gravel size grading system and dynamic regulation and control method

Abstract

The invention provides a multi-sensor fused gravel size grading system, a dynamic regulation and control method and a grading system.The multi-sensor fused gravel size grading system comprises a discharger, a coarse sand screen plate, a coarse sand conveying mechanism, a fine sand conveying mechanism and a regulation and control assembly.According to the multi-sensor fused gravel size grading system, by arranging a plurality of sensors, the maximum feeding speed can be kept, and the grading efficiency is improved; therefore, the maximum grading efficiency is ensured, and the grading effect can be ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of sand and gravel production, and in particular relates to a multi-sensor fusion sand and gravel particle size classification system and a dynamic control method. Background Art

[0002] The construction industry requires large quantities of sand and gravel. The particle size of these aggregates affects concrete strength, workability, and durability. Sand and gravel aggregates are classified into coarse and fine aggregates based on their particle size. During production, sand and gravel must be graded according to their particle size. However, existing technologies offer suboptimal grading efficiency, and cannot be adjusted based on sand and gravel flow rates. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The present invention aims to solve at least one of the above-mentioned technical problems existing in the prior art. To this end, in a first aspect, the present invention provides a multi-sensor fusion sand and gravel particle size classification system that can maintain screening efficiency.

[0004] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a dynamic control method for a sand and gravel particle size grading system using the above-mentioned multi-sensor fusion.

[0005] The multi-sensor fusion sand and gravel particle size classification system according to the first embodiment of the present invention includes: A feeder, the feeder being provided with a sand and gravel storage bin and a first conveying assembly located at the bottom of the sand and gravel storage bin; A coarse sand screen plate, the coarse sand screen plate is arranged obliquely relative to the horizontal direction, a discharge port is provided on the side wall of the coarse sand screen plate, an adjustment plate is provided on the upper end surface of the coarse sand screen plate, multiple discharge ports are provided along the conveying direction of the coarse sand screen plate, and the adjustment plates correspond to the discharge ports one by one and are used to cut off the coarse sand screen plate so that sand and gravel are discharged from the corresponding discharge ports; a coarse sand conveying mechanism, the coarse sand conveying mechanism being connected to the discharge port and being used for conveying the screened coarse sand; A fine sand conveying mechanism is provided below the coarse sand screen plate and is used to receive the screened fine sand; The regulating component includes a first sensor arranged on the sand and gravel storage bin, a second sensor arranged above the coarse sand screen plate, and a third sensor arranged at the discharge port. The first sensor is used to detect the sand and gravel reserves, the second sensor is used to detect the amount of sand and gravel on the coarse sand screen plate, and the third sensor is used to detect the sand and gravel discharged from the discharge port.

[0006] The sand and gravel particle size classification system using multi-sensor fusion according to an embodiment of the present invention has at least the following beneficial effects: The multi-sensor fusion sand and gravel particle size grading system of this embodiment can maintain the maximum feeding speed by setting multiple sensors, thereby ensuring the maximum grading efficiency and the grading effect.

[0007] According to some embodiments of the present invention, along the conveying direction of the coarse sand screen plate, an end of the adjustment plate away from the discharge port is higher than an end thereof close to the discharge port.

[0008] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the coarse sand screen plate is provided with an elastic support portion, and when the adjustment plate flips downward to be close to the coarse sand screen plate, the adjustment plate abuts against the elastic support portion.

[0009] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the lower end of the adjustment plate is rotatably connected to the coarse sand screen plate, and the upper end of the adjustment plate can be rotated backward along the conveying direction of the coarse sand screen plate to abut against the elastic support portion.

[0010] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the coarse sand screen plate is provided with a clearance groove, and the adjustment plate can be flipped into the clearance groove.

[0011] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the elastic support portion is configured as a spring structure, both ends of the adjustment plate extend to both sides of the coarse sand screen plate, and the elastic support portion abuts against both ends of the adjustment plate.

[0012] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the adjustment plate is connected to a flip driving mechanism, the discharge port is provided with a cover plate, and the cover plate is connected to an opening and closing driving mechanism.

[0013] According to some embodiments of the present invention, along the conveying direction of the coarse sand screen plate, the adjustment plate includes a lowermost tail plate and a middle plate located in front of the tail plate, and the middle plate is provided with a sieve hole structure of the same size as the coarse sand screen plate.

[0014] According to the second embodiment of the present invention, the method for dynamic control of sand and gravel particle size, which uses the multi-sensor fusion sand and gravel particle size classification system, includes: First, the sand and gravel reserves of the sand and gravel storage bin are obtained. When the sand and gravel reserves are greater than a set amount, the first conveying component is controlled to output the sand and gravel at a first speed. When the sand and gravel reserves are less than the set amount, the first conveying component is controlled to output the sand and gravel at a second speed that is less than the first speed. Then, the amount of sand and gravel on the coarse sand screen is detected. When the sand and gravel are spread to a thickness lower than the set thickness, they are discharged from the nearest discharge port. During the discharge process, it is detected whether the sand and gravel contain fine sand. When fine sand is contained, the current discharge port is closed and the next discharge port is opened. If the current discharge port is the last discharge port, the output speed of the first conveying component is reduced.

[0015] The method for dynamically controlling sand and gravel particle size according to an embodiment of the present invention has at least the following beneficial effects: The dynamic control method of sand and gravel particle size in this embodiment can achieve the maximum discharge speed based on the length setting of the coarse sand screen plate, and use the discharge port to discharge the coarse sand in time, which can ensure the discharge speed, and the processing process can be regulated according to the actual sand and gravel flow rate that needs to be screened, taking into account the discharge speed and screening effect.

[0016] According to some embodiments of the present invention, when it is detected that the sand and gravel on the coarse sand screen plate is lower than a set thickness, the output speed of the first conveying assembly is increased.

[0017] Additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will be given in part in the following description, and in part will be obvious from the following description, or will be learned through practice of the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments, in which: Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of an overall top view structure of the present invention; Figure 2 A front view of the coarse sand screen plate of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of an installation of the adjustment plate in the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] The following describes embodiments of the present invention in detail. Examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals throughout represent the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are intended only to explain the present invention and are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0020] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that descriptions involving orientations, such as up, down, front, back, left, right, etc., indicating orientations or positional relationships, are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they cannot be understood as limitations on the present invention.

[0021] In the description of the present invention, "several" means more than one, "plurality" means more than two, "greater than," "less than," and "exceed" are understood to exclude the number itself, while "above," "below," and "within" are understood to include the number itself. The use of "first" and "second" in the description is solely for the purpose of distinguishing technical features and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance, implicitly specifying the number of the indicated technical features, or implicitly specifying the order of the indicated technical features.

[0022] In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise clearly defined, terms such as setting, installing, and connecting should be understood in a broad sense, and technicians in the relevant technical field can reasonably determine the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention based on the specific content of the technical solution.

[0023] In the description of the present invention, reference to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "illustrative embodiments," "examples," "specific examples," or "some examples" means that the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the exemplary expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.

[0024] Reference Figures 1 to 3 , an embodiment of the present invention proposes a multi-sensor fusion sand and gravel particle size classification system, including: The feeder is provided with a sand and gravel storage bin 200 and a first conveying assembly 201 located at the bottom of the sand and gravel storage bin 200; The coarse sand screen plate 100 is tilted relative to the horizontal direction. A discharge port is provided on the side wall of the coarse sand screen plate 100. An adjustment plate 101 is provided on the upper end surface of the coarse sand screen plate 100. Multiple discharge ports are provided along the conveying direction of the coarse sand screen plate 100. The adjustment plates 101 correspond to the discharge ports one by one and are used to cut off the coarse sand screen plate 100 so that sand and gravel are discharged from the corresponding discharge port. The coarse sand conveying mechanism 102 is connected to the discharge port and is used to convey the screened coarse sand; The fine sand conveying mechanism is arranged below the coarse sand screen plate 100 and is used to receive the screened fine sand; The control component includes a first sensor arranged on the sand and gravel storage bin 200, a second sensor arranged above the coarse sand screen plate 100, and a third sensor arranged at the discharge port. The first sensor is used to detect the sand and gravel reserves, the second sensor is used to detect the amount of sand and gravel on the coarse sand screen plate 100, and the third sensor is used to detect the sand and gravel discharged from the discharge port.

[0025] During operation, sand and gravel raw materials are fed into the sand and gravel storage bin 200 and conveyed by the first conveying assembly 201 at the bottom of the bin 200. The conveying speed of the first conveying assembly 201 determines the discharge speed. The sand and gravel delivered by the first conveying assembly 201 falls directly onto the coarse sand screen 100, which screens the sand and gravel. Fine sand is discharged from below the coarse sand screen 100 onto the fine sand conveying mechanism for output. The coarse sand remains on the coarse sand screen 100 and is conveyed downward along the incline until it is discharged from the discharge port onto the coarse sand conveying mechanism 102.

[0026] Since the coarse sand screen plate 100 is provided with a plurality of discharge ports along the inclined direction, the material is discharged from different discharge ports, that is, the distance of the coarse sand screen plate 100 used for screening is different. The further down, the larger the area used for screening. Therefore, when sand and gravel are fed onto the coarse sand screen plate 100 and are screened by the coarse sand screen plate 100 and moved to the first discharge port, if the coarse sand discharged from the first discharge port contains fine sand, it means that the screening is not thorough, and the discharge port is closed and the next discharge port is activated. In this process, the screening area can be matched with the discharge amount of the first conveying component 201.

[0027] By setting up multiple sensors, the implementation of the above mechanism and the normal operation of the system can be effectively ensured.

[0028] In summary, the multi-sensor fusion sand and gravel particle size grading system of this embodiment can maintain the maximum feeding speed by setting multiple sensors, thereby ensuring the maximum grading efficiency and the grading effect.

[0029] In some embodiments of the present invention, along the conveying direction of the coarse sand screen plate 100, the end of the adjustment plate 101 away from the discharge port is higher than the end closer to the discharge port. In this way, when the sand and gravel are transported to the position of the adjustment plate 101, the inclined setting of the adjustment plate 101 can guide the sand and gravel to the discharge port and discharge it quickly from the discharge port.

[0030] In some embodiments of the present invention, the coarse sand screen plate 100 is provided with an elastic support portion 103 . When the adjustment plate 101 flips downward to be close to the coarse sand screen plate 100 , the adjustment plate 101 abuts against the elastic support portion 103 .

[0031] It can be understood that when sand and gravel need to be discharged from the discharge port at the rear, they need to pass over the front adjustment plate 101. In this embodiment, an elastic support part 103 is provided to support the adjustment plate 101. When the sand and gravel pass over the adjustment plate 101, the change in gravity will cause the adjustment plate 101 to jump up and down, thereby producing a vibration and uniform dispersion effect on the sand and gravel, which is beneficial to promoting screening efficiency.

[0032] Reference Figure 3In some embodiments of the present invention, the lower end of the adjustment plate 101 is rotatably connected to the coarse sand screen plate 100, and the upper end of the adjustment plate 101 can be rotated backward along the conveying direction of the coarse sand screen plate 100 until it abuts the elastic support portion 103. In other words, the upper end of the adjustment plate 101 is tilted backward to contact the coarse sand screen plate 100 to open the coarse sand screen plate 100 to allow sand and gravel to pass through, and then tilted upward to cut sand and gravel. This structural arrangement of this embodiment allows for cutting sand and gravel during conveying without the problem of the adjustment plate 101 becoming stuck and causing the cutting mechanism to fail, resulting in high reliability.

[0033] In some embodiments of the present invention, the coarse sand screen plate 100 is provided with a clearance groove into which the adjustment plate 101 can be flipped. Furthermore, along the conveying direction of the coarse sand screen plate 100, the width of the clearance groove is smaller than the width of the adjustment plate 101. This allows the rear end of the adjustment plate 101 to overlap the coarse sand screen plate 100 when it flips into the clearance groove. This prevents coarse sand from getting stuck under the adjustment plate 101, which would prevent the adjustment plate 101 from jumping up and down.

[0034] In some embodiments of the present invention, the elastic support portion 103 is configured as a spring structure. Both ends of the adjustment plate 101 extend to both sides of the coarse sand screen plate 100 , and the elastic support portion 103 abuts against both ends of the adjustment plate 101 .

[0035] In this embodiment, the adjustment plate 101 is supported from the outside of the coarse sand screen plate 100, so as to facilitate the arrangement of the fine sand conveying mechanism thereunder without causing interference.

[0036] In some embodiments of the present invention, the adjustment plate 101 is connected to a flip driving mechanism, which adopts a cylinder or hydraulic cylinder structure.

[0037] Specifically, there is no direct connection between the flipping drive mechanism and the adjustment plate 101. Since the coarse sand screen plate 100 is arranged at an angle, the adjustment plate 101 naturally flips backward under the action of gravity. The flipping drive mechanism only needs to be supported at the rear of the adjustment plate 101 to ensure the stability of the adjustment plate 101 when cutting sand and gravel. After retracting, the adjustment plate 101 will naturally flip backward under the action of gravity and the thrust of sand and gravel to abut the elastic support part 103.

[0038] The structural arrangement of this embodiment takes into account the up and down bouncing design of the adjustment plate 101, does not hinder the up and down bouncing of the adjustment plate 101 under the action of the elastic support portion 103, and has a simple structure.

[0039] Furthermore, in some embodiments of the present invention, the discharge port is provided with a cover plate connected to an opening and closing drive mechanism. By controlling the opening and closing of the discharge port through the cover plate, sand and gravel can be effectively prevented from being discharged from non-selected discharge ports.

[0040] The cover plate preferably adopts an adjustment form of flipping the upper end to open and close. When opened, the upper end thereof rotates away from the coarse sand screen plate 100 and overlaps the coarse sand conveying mechanism 102, thereby facilitating the conveyance of sand and gravel to the coarse sand conveying mechanism 102. The opening and closing drive mechanism thereof can adopt a motor structure or a telescopic cylinder structure, which is not specifically limited here.

[0041] In some embodiments of the present invention, along the conveying direction of the coarse sand screen plate 100 , the adjustment plate 101 includes a lowermost tail plate and a middle plate located in front of the tail plate, and the middle plate is provided with a sieve hole structure of the same size as the coarse sand screen plate 100 .

[0042] With the structural arrangement of this embodiment, when sand and gravel pass over the front regulating plate 101, the regulating plate 101 can also perform sand and gravel screening, thereby improving screening efficiency.

[0043] The embodiment of the present invention also provides a method for dynamically controlling sand and gravel particle size, which is applied to the above-mentioned multi-sensor fusion sand and gravel particle size grading system. It includes: First, the sand and gravel reserves of the sand and gravel storage bin 200 are obtained. When the sand and gravel reserves are greater than a set amount, the first conveying component 201 is controlled to output the sand and gravel at a first speed. When the sand and gravel reserves are less than the set amount, the first conveying component 201 is controlled to output the sand and gravel at a second speed that is less than the first speed. Then, the amount of sand and gravel on the coarse sand screen plate 100 is detected. When the sand and gravel are spread to a thickness lower than the set thickness, they are discharged from the nearest discharge port. During the discharge process, it is detected whether the sand and gravel contain fine sand. When fine sand is contained, the current discharge port is closed and the next discharge port is opened. If the current discharge port is the last discharge port, the output speed of the first conveying component 201 is reduced.

[0044] Specifically, when the first sensor detects that the sand and gravel storage bin 200 is full, the first conveying assembly 201 conveys sand and gravel at a set maximum speed. The sand and gravel are gradually spread out on the coarse sand screen plate 100. When the second sensor detects that the thickness of the spread sand and gravel is lower than the set height (i.e., thickness), it is determined that the sand and gravel below this thickness has been completely screened and can be discharged. The sand and gravel is then discharged from the first discharge port in the rearward direction of the conveying direction. During discharge, the third sensor detects whether fine sand is contained. If fine sand is contained, it indicates that the screening is not thorough enough. The current discharge port is then closed, and the corresponding adjustment plate 101 is opened to activate the next discharge port. This cycle of judgment continues until the discharged coarse sand contains no fine sand.

[0045] Furthermore, if the current discharge port is the last discharge port, the next discharge port cannot be activated, and the speed of the first conveying component 201 is reduced.

[0046] When the total amount of sand and gravel in the sand and gravel storage bin 200 is reduced to below a certain amount, the conveying speed of the first conveying component 201 is reduced to reduce power consumption. At the same time, the above-mentioned judgment is continued on the coarse sand screen plate 100. Due to the reduction in the discharge speed, the amount of sand and gravel on the coarse sand screen plate 100 is reduced. The second sensor detects that the thickness of the sand and gravel on the coarse sand screen plate 100 is lower than the set height. The sand and gravel are cut off from the corresponding adjustment plate 101 at this position and discharged from the corresponding discharge port. The discharge port and adjustment plate 101 behind the adjustment plate 101 are all disabled. The third sensor detects whether the discharged coarse sand contains fine sand. If it does, the next level discharge port is activated.

[0047] The dynamic control method of sand and gravel particle size in this embodiment can achieve the maximum discharge speed based on the length setting of the coarse sand screen plate 100, and use the discharge port to discharge the coarse sand in time, which can ensure the discharge speed, and the processing process can be regulated according to the actual sand and gravel flow rate that needs to be screened, taking into account the discharge speed and screening effect.

[0048] In some embodiments of the present invention, when the first conveying component 201 conveys sand and gravel at a first speed, when the first sensor detects that the sand and gravel on the coarse sand screen plate 100 is lower than a set thickness, the output speed of the first conveying component 201 is increased to ensure that the coarse sand screen plate 100 maintains a high screening efficiency when the total amount of sand and gravel is sufficient.

[0049] It is understandable that the first conveying assembly 201, the coarse sand conveying mechanism 102, and the fine sand conveying mechanism may all adopt conveyor belts or other known structures, which are not specifically limited here.

[0050] The types and quantities of the first sensor, the second sensor, and the third sensor can be designed as needed, including but not limited to distance sensors and visual sensors.

[0051] While the embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above. Various modifications may be made within the scope of knowledge possessed by a person skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the present invention. Furthermore, the embodiments of the present invention and the features thereof may be combined with one another unless there is a conflict.

Claims

1. A multi-sensor fusion sand and gravel particle size classification system, characterized in that: include: A feeder, the feeder being provided with a sand and gravel storage bin and a first conveying assembly located at the bottom of the sand and gravel storage bin; A coarse sand screen plate, the coarse sand screen plate is arranged obliquely relative to the horizontal direction, a discharge port is provided on the side wall of the coarse sand screen plate, an adjustment plate is provided on the upper end surface of the coarse sand screen plate, multiple discharge ports are provided along the conveying direction of the coarse sand screen plate, and the adjustment plates correspond to the discharge ports one by one and are used to cut off the coarse sand screen plate so that sand and gravel are discharged from the corresponding discharge ports; a coarse sand conveying mechanism, the coarse sand conveying mechanism being connected to the discharge port and being used for conveying the screened coarse sand; A fine sand conveying mechanism is provided below the coarse sand screen plate and is used to receive the screened fine sand; The regulating component includes a first sensor arranged on the sand and gravel storage bin, a second sensor arranged above the coarse sand screen plate, and a third sensor arranged at the discharge port. The first sensor is used to detect the sand and gravel reserves, the second sensor is used to detect the amount of sand and gravel on the coarse sand screen plate, and the third sensor is used to detect the sand and gravel discharged from the discharge port.

2. The multi-sensor fusion sand and gravel particle size classification system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: Along the conveying direction of the coarse sand screen plate, an end of the adjustment plate away from the discharge port is higher than an end thereof close to the discharge port.

3. The multi-sensor fusion sand and gravel particle size classification system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The coarse sand screen plate is provided with an elastic support portion, and when the adjustment plate is flipped downward to be close to the coarse sand screen plate, the adjustment plate abuts against the elastic support portion.

4. The multi-sensor fusion sand and gravel particle size classification system according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The lower end of the adjustment plate is rotatably connected to the coarse sand screen plate, and the upper end of the adjustment plate can be rotated backward along the conveying direction of the coarse sand screen plate until it abuts against the elastic support portion.

5. The multi-sensor fusion sand and gravel particle size classification system according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The coarse sand screen plate is provided with a clearance groove, and the adjustment plate can be flipped into the clearance groove.

6. The multi-sensor fusion sand and gravel particle size classification system according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The elastic support portion is configured as a spring structure, both ends of the adjustment plate extend to both sides of the coarse sand screen plate, and the elastic support portion abuts against both ends of the adjustment plate.

7. The multi-sensor fusion sand and gravel particle size classification system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The adjustment plate is connected to a turnover drive mechanism, the discharge port is provided with a cover plate, and the cover plate is connected to an opening and closing drive mechanism.

8. The multi-sensor fusion sand and gravel particle size classification system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: Along the conveying direction of the coarse sand screen plate, the adjustment plate includes a lowermost tail plate and a middle plate located in front of the tail plate, and the middle plate is provided with a sieve hole structure with the same size as the coarse sand screen plate.

9. A method for dynamic control of sand and gravel particle size, characterized in that: The sand and gravel particle size classification system using multi-sensor fusion according to any one of claims 1 to 8 comprises: First, the sand and gravel reserves of the sand and gravel storage bin are obtained. When the sand and gravel reserves are greater than a set amount, the first conveying component is controlled to output the sand and gravel at a first speed. When the sand and gravel reserves are less than the set amount, the first conveying component is controlled to output the sand and gravel at a second speed that is less than the first speed. Then, the amount of sand and gravel on the coarse sand screen is detected. When the sand and gravel are spread to a thickness lower than the set thickness, they are discharged from the nearest discharge port. During the discharge process, it is detected whether the sand and gravel contain fine sand. When fine sand is contained, the current discharge port is closed and the next discharge port is opened. If the current discharge port is the last discharge port, the output speed of the first conveying component is reduced.

10. The method for dynamic control of sand and gravel particle size according to claim 9, characterized in that: When it is detected that the sand and gravel on the coarse sand screen plate is lower than a set thickness, the output speed of the first conveying component is increased.

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