Gravel particle shape and grading intelligent detection device based on machine vision

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of gravel particle screening, and discloses a gravel particle shape and gradation intelligent detection device based on machine vision, the gravel particle shape and gradation intelligent detection device comprises a shell 1, a camera is fixedly connected in the shell 1, a shell 2 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the shell 1, and a screening assembly is arranged in the shell 1; and the screening assembly comprises a fine screening drum, the fine screening drum is rotationally connected to the interior of the first shell, a gear ring is fixedly connected to one end of the fine screening drum, and a second discharging hole is formed in the fine screening drum. According to the device, a second fixing plate on the inner wall of a fine screen drum scrapes a rubber plate on the outer wall of a primary screen drum, the primary screen drum rotates and swings left and right in a first fixing plate in a reciprocating mode, gravel falls into a second shell through a second discharging hole while the fine screen drum rotates, and the effect of improving the gravel falling uniformity is achieved; the problem that most of gravel cannot be visually recognized due to the fact that traditional gravel particles are stacked together during falling is solved, and the detection efficiency of screening and recognition is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of sand and gravel particle screening, and in particular to an intelligent detection device for sand and gravel particle shape and gradation based on machine vision. Background Art

[0002] In construction, road construction, water conservancy, and other fields, sand and gravel, as fundamental aggregates, have a particle shape and size distribution (gradation) that directly impacts the mix ratio, strength, stability, and durability of concrete and other materials. To improve project quality and meet relevant regulatory requirements, real-time, efficient, and intelligent detection of sand and gravel particle shape and gradation has become a key development direction for the industry. In particular, the integration of machine vision and automated screening technology into production processes has become a crucial means of achieving efficient monitoring and control.

[0003] In existing technology, common sand and gravel inspection devices often use screening mechanisms such as drum screens and vibrating screens, combined with lighting and image recognition systems, to screen and identify sand and gravel. Their general structure includes a rotating screen drum, screen frame, and discharge port. After mechanical vibration for initial classification, a vision system captures and analyzes particle size or shape to determine the material gradation. This type of system has significantly improved the level of inspection automation and can meet the real-time monitoring needs of some projects.

[0004] However, existing devices have significant deficiencies in the sand and gravel drop and dispersion process: Because sand and gravel tend to accumulate during screening and drop, the particle distribution is uneven, resulting in a large amount of sand and gravel concentrating in the field of view. This, in turn, affects the recognition accuracy and image clarity of the machine vision system, resulting in reduced recognition efficiency and even misjudgment. Therefore, there is an urgent need to propose an intelligent detection device that can control the uniform drop of sand and gravel, cooperate with an efficient screening structure, and work in conjunction with the vision system to improve the comprehensive detection effect of particle identification and classification. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In order to make up for the above shortcomings, the present invention provides an intelligent detection device for sand and gravel particle shape and gradation based on machine vision, aiming to improve the problem that traditional sand and gravel particles pile up together when falling, resulting in most sand and gravel being unable to be visually identified.

[0006] In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: a sand and gravel particle shape and gradation intelligent detection device based on machine vision, comprising a shell one, a camera fixedly connected to the interior of the shell one, a shell two fixedly connected to the bottom of the shell one, and a screening assembly provided inside the shell one;

[0007] The screening assembly includes a fine screen drum, which is rotatably connected to the inside of a shell, one end of the fine screen drum is fixedly connected to a gear ring, two discharge holes are opened inside the fine screen drum, a fixed plate is fixedly connected to the inside of the shell, a primary screen drum is rotatably connected to the inside of the fixed plate, one discharge hole is opened inside the primary screen drum, two discharge holes are opened inside the fine screen drum, the inner wall of the fine screen drum is fixedly connected to the second fixed plate, the outer wall of the primary screen drum is fixedly connected to a rubber plate, the outer wall of the shell is provided with a driving assembly, the outer wall of the shell is fixedly connected to a hopper, one end of the hopper is passed through the inside of the primary screen drum, and a reset assembly is provided between the primary screen drum and the fixed plate.

[0008] As a further description of the above technical solution:

[0009] The driving assembly includes a motor 1, an output end of the motor 1 is fixedly connected to a gear, and the gear is meshed with the outer wall of the gear ring.

[0010] As a further description of the above technical solution:

[0011] The reset assembly includes a connecting block, one end of which is rotatably connected to the fixed plate and the outer wall of the primary screening cylinder. A telescopic rod is provided between the connecting blocks, and a tension spring is sleeved on the outer wall of the telescopic rod. Both ends of the telescopic rod and the tension spring are fixedly connected between the connecting blocks.

[0012] As a further description of the above technical solution:

[0013] The outer wall of the second shell is fixedly connected to the second motor, and the output end of the second motor is fixedly connected to a bidirectional threaded rod.

[0014] As a further description of the above technical solution:

[0015] The outer wall of the bidirectional threaded rod is threadedly connected with a threaded sleeve, the top of the threaded sleeve is fixedly connected with a screen frame, and the inside of the screen frame is fixedly connected with a screen plate.

[0016] As a further description of the above technical solution:

[0017] A limiting rod is fixedly connected inside the second shell, and an outer wall of the limiting rod is slidably connected to the bottom of the screen frame.

[0018] As a further description of the above technical solution:

[0019] The outer wall of the second shell is fixedly connected with a discharge pipe 1, and the outer wall of the second shell is fixedly connected with a discharge pipe 2.

[0020] As a further description of the above technical solution:

[0021] The second outer wall of the shell is fixedly connected with an electric push rod, the output end of the electric push rod is fixedly connected with a baffle, and the baffle is slidably connected to the inside of the discharge pipe.

[0022] As a further description of the above technical solution:

[0023] A compression spring is provided between the screen frame and the second shell. One end of the compression spring is fixedly connected to the interior of the second shell, and the other end of the compression spring is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the screen frame.

[0024] As a further description of the above technical solution:

[0025] A gradation intelligent detection device comprises the sand and gravel particle shape based on machine vision as described in any one of claims 1 to 9.

[0026] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0027] 1. In the present invention, first, the fixed plate 2 on the inner wall of the fine screen drum scrapes the rubber plate on the outer wall of the primary screen drum, and the primary screen drum rotates and swings back and forth inside the fixed plate 1. While the fine screen drum rotates, sand and gravel fall into the interior of the shell 2 through the discharge hole 2, thereby achieving the effect of improving the uniformity of sand and gravel falling, solving the problem that traditional sand and gravel particles accumulate together when falling, resulting in most sand and gravel being unable to be visually identified, and improving the detection efficiency of screening and identification.

[0028] 2. In the present invention, the bidirectional threaded rod drives the screen frame to move back and forth through the threaded sleeve, so that the sieve plate in the screen frame screens the sand and gravel. The bottom of the screen frame is limited by the limiting rod. The larger sand and gravel particles are retained on the top of the sieve plate, and the smaller particles fall to the bottom and are discharged through the discharge pipe 2 for collection, achieving the effect of multi-level classification and improving screening efficiency, solving the problem of difficult classification and low screening efficiency due to the vibration frequency of the sieve plate when grading sand and gravel, and improving the screening efficiency of sand and gravel grading. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional diagram of the sand and gravel particle shape and gradation intelligent detection device based on machine vision proposed by the present invention;

[0030] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the hopper structure of the sand and gravel particle shape and gradation intelligent detection device based on machine vision proposed in the present invention;

[0031] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the camera structure of the sand and gravel particle shape and gradation intelligent detection device based on machine vision proposed in the present invention;

[0032] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the shell of the sand and gravel particle shape and gradation intelligent detection device based on machine vision proposed in the present invention;

[0033] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the fine screen drum of the sand and gravel particle shape and gradation intelligent detection device based on machine vision proposed by the present invention;

[0034] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the discharge pipe of the sand and gravel particle shape and gradation intelligent detection device based on machine vision proposed by the present invention;

[0035] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the second spring structure of the sand and gravel particle shape and gradation intelligent detection device based on machine vision proposed by the present invention;

[0036] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the bidirectional threaded rod structure of the machine vision-based intelligent detection device for sand and gravel particle shape and gradation proposed in the present invention.

[0037] Legend:

[0038] 1. Housing 1; 2. Camera; 3. Motor 1; 4. Gear; 5. Fine screen cylinder; 6. Hopper; 7. Gear ring; 8. Fixed plate 1; 9. Primary screen cylinder; 10. Rubber plate; 11. Fixed plate 2; 12. Connecting block; 13. Telescopic rod; 14. Tension spring; 15. Discharge hole 1; 16. Discharge hole 2; 17. Housing 2; 18. Discharge pipe 1; 19. Discharge pipe 2; 20. Motor 2; 21. Electric push rod; 22. Baffle; 23. Screen frame; 24. Compression spring; 25. Bidirectional threaded rod; 26. Limit rod; 27. Screen plate; 28. Threaded sleeve. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0040] Reference Figure 1-Figure 3The present invention provides an embodiment of a machine vision-based intelligent detection device for sand and gravel particle shape and gradation, comprising a housing 1, which serves as the main support structure of the device and is used to accommodate various detection and screening components to form a stable working platform. A camera 2 is fixedly connected to the interior of the housing 1. The camera 2 is a core visual acquisition component and is used to obtain image information of sand and gravel particles in real time for subsequent image processing and particle shape analysis. A housing 2 17 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the housing 1. The housing 2 17 is used to receive sand and gravel particles screened from the screen drum and guide their diversion to prevent material leakage during the screening process. A screening component is provided inside the housing 1 to realize the mechanical classification function of sand and gravel, and cooperate with the visual system to improve the grading accuracy.

[0041] The screening component includes a fine screen drum 5, which is a porous structure component used for further fine screening of the sand and gravel particles after the initial screening, and improving the resolution of the screened particle size. The fine screen drum 5 is rotatably connected to the inside of the shell 1, and its rotating structure can make the sand and gravel at the screen hole move fully, prevent blockage and enhance the screening efficiency. One end of the fine screen drum 5 is fixedly connected to a gear ring 7, which is engaged with the drive component to transmit the rotational power of the drive motor to the screen drum to achieve stable drive. A discharge hole 2 16 is opened inside the fine screen drum 5, and the discharge hole 2 16 is used to discharge smaller particles passing through the fine screen to achieve particle classification. A fixed plate 18 is fixedly connected to the inside of the shell 1, and the fixed plate 8 is a mounting support component for the primary screen drum 9, providing a rotation axial fulcrum and maintaining The structure is stable. The fixed plate 18 is internally connected to the primary screening drum 9 for rotation. The primary screening drum 9 serves as the first screening device and is mainly used for the preliminary separation of coarse particles and fine particles. A discharge hole 15 is provided inside the primary screening drum 9. The discharge hole 15 is used to discharge the small and medium-sized particles that pass through the primary screen into the fine screening drum 5 to realize screening linkage. The inner wall of the fine screening drum 5 is fixedly connected to a fixed plate 2 11. The fixed plate 2 11 is a static scraping component. Its position is in contact with the rotating path of the primary screening drum 9, so that the rubber plate 10 is scraped and cleaned during the rotation process to prevent material adhesion or accumulation. The outer wall of the primary screening drum 9 is fixedly connected to a rubber plate 10. The rubber plate 10 is used to frictionally cooperate with the inner wall of the fine screening drum 5 to clean the screen surface when the screen drum rotates, and at the same time play a role of buffering and noise reduction. The outer wall of the shell 1 is provided with a A driving assembly is provided, which provides a power source for the screening action of the device to realize continuous or reciprocating motion of the screen drum. A hopper 6 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the shell 1. The hopper 6 is a feeding channel for guiding external sand and gravel materials to be orderly introduced into the interior of the primary screening drum 9. One end of the hopper 6 is passed through the interior of the primary screening drum 9. This structure realizes the direct delivery of materials to avoid leakage and deviation. A reset assembly is provided between the primary screening drum 9 and the fixed plate 8. The reset assembly is used to limit the rotation amplitude of the primary screening drum 9 and restore it to its initial position after completing the screening action. The driving assembly includes a motor 3. The motor 3 provides rotational power for the screen drum to ensure that the equipment works continuously, stably and reliably. The output end of the motor 3 is fixedly connected to a gear 4. The gear 4 is meshed with the gear ring 7. 4 efficiently transmits the rotational energy of the motor to the screen drum, the gear 4 meshes with the outer wall of the gear ring 7 to form a reliable power transmission path, ensuring that the screen drum rotates at a uniform speed or intermittently, and realizing screening rhythm control. The reset component includes a connecting block 12, which serves as a connecting base for the telescopic rod 13 and forms a flexible connection between the primary screen drum 9 and the fixed plate. One end of the connecting block 12 is rotatably connected to the fixed plate 8 and the outer wall of the primary screen drum 9. The rotating connection ensures the free buffering and return function of the reset component during the reciprocating swing of the screen drum. A telescopic rod 13 is provided between the connecting blocks 12. The telescopic rod 13 is used to limit the rotation angle of the primary screen drum 9 and assist it in resetting after stopping the drive. The outer wall of the telescopic rod 13 is provided with a tension spring 14, which provides the reset elastic force.When the screen drum is swung, it can quickly return to its initial state, ensuring that the screening action is periodic and repeatable. The telescopic rod 13 and the tension spring 14 are fixedly connected between the connecting blocks 12 to form a closed flexible connection structure, which improves the stability and response speed of the reset process.

[0042] Reference Figure 4 and Figure 5 The outer wall of the housing 2 17 is fixedly connected to a motor 20, and the output end of the motor 20 is fixedly connected to a bidirectional threaded rod 25. The function of the bidirectional threaded rod 25 is to drive the screen frame 23 to move up and down by rotating, thereby realizing the function of screening materials. The outer wall of the bidirectional threaded rod 25 is threadedly connected to a threaded sleeve 28. The threaded sleeve 28 can move up and down with the rotation of the bidirectional threaded rod 25, ensuring that the screen frame 23 can move up and down according to the predetermined stroke. The top of the threaded sleeve 28 is fixedly connected to the screen frame 23. The function of the screen frame 23 is to support and fix the screen plate 27 for screening materials. The screen frame 23 is fixedly connected to the screen plate 27. The function of the screen plate 27 is to screen materials through its mesh structure, so that the materials that meet the requirements flow out through the sieve holes, while the larger materials are retained on the screen plate 27. The housing 2 17 is fixedly connected to a limit rod 26. The function of the limit rod 26 is to limit the maximum movement range of the screen frame 23 to prevent the screen frame 23 from moving excessively and causing mechanical damage. The outer wall of the limit rod 26 is slidably connected to the bottom of the screen frame 23 to ensure that the screen frame 23 can slide smoothly during the movement, but does not exceed the predetermined stroke. The outer wall of the shell 2 17 is fixedly connected to a discharge pipe 18, which is used to discharge the screened material to ensure the effective flow of the material after the screening process. The outer wall of the shell 2 17 is fixedly connected to a discharge pipe 2 19, which works together with the discharge pipe 1 18 to further divert and discharge different types of materials. The outer wall of the shell 2 17 is fixedly connected to an electric push rod 21, and the function of the electric push rod 21 is to adjust the position of the baffle 22 through electric drive, thereby controlling the outflow direction of the material. The output end of the electric push rod 21 is fixedly connected to a baffle 22, which is slidably connected to the inside of the discharge pipe 18 and can open or close the discharge channel as needed, thereby adjusting the discharge of the material. A compression spring 24 is provided between the screen frame 23 and the second housing 17. The function of the compression spring 24 is to provide a reverse elastic force to maintain the stability of the screen frame 23 and automatically restore its position when the screen frame 23 is affected by external forces. One end of the compression spring 24 is fixedly connected to the interior of the second housing 17, and the other end is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the screen frame 23. The elastic force of the spring ensures that the screen frame 23 can operate stably and smoothly during operation.

[0043] Working principle: When the device for intelligent detection of sand and gravel particle shape and gradation based on machine vision is used, when sand and gravel are put into the screening test, the sand and gravel enter the primary screening cylinder 9 through the hopper 6, and then the output end of the motor 3 drives the gear 4 to rotate, and the gear 4 drives the fine screen cylinder 5 to rotate through the gear ring 7, and the fixed plate 2 11 on the inner wall of the fine screen cylinder 5 scrapes the rubber plate 10 on the outer wall of the primary screening cylinder 9. At the same time, the primary screening cylinder 9 is limited by the tension spring 14 between the fixed plate 18 and the primary screening cylinder 9, so that the primary screening cylinder 9 rotates back and forth in the fixed plate 8, and then the sand and gravel fall into the fine screen cylinder 5 through the discharge hole 15. While the fine screen cylinder 5 is rotating, the sand and gravel fall into the interior of the shell 2 17 through the discharge hole 2 16. At the same time, the camera 2 on the shell 1 detects and identifies the size of the sand and gravel and counts them, thereby achieving the effect of improving the uniformity of sand and gravel falling.

[0044] After the sand and gravel fall into the screen frame 23, the output end of the motor 20 drives the bidirectional threaded rod 25 to rotate, and the bidirectional threaded rod 25 drives the screen frame 23 to move back and forth through the threaded sleeve 28, so that the sieve plate 27 in the screen frame 23 screens the sand and gravel. The bottom of the screen frame 23 is limited by the limiting rod 26. The larger sand and gravel particles are retained on the top of the sieve plate 27, and the smaller particles fall to the bottom and are discharged through the discharge pipe 19. When a certain amount of sand and gravel accumulates on the top of the screen frame 23, the output end of the electric push rod 21 retracts and drives the baffle 22 to lift, and then the sand and gravel are discharged through the discharge pipe 18. The screen frame 23 is reset on both sides of the shell 17 by the compression spring 24, which increases the vibration frequency of the screen frame 23, thereby achieving multi-level classification and improving the screening efficiency.

[0045] Finally, it should be noted that the above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features therein. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An intelligent detection device for sand and gravel particle shape and gradation based on machine vision, comprising a housing (1), characterized in that: The first shell (1) is fixedly connected to a camera (2), the bottom of the first shell (1) is fixedly connected to the second shell (17), and the first shell (1) is provided with a screening component; The screening assembly includes a fine screen drum (5), the fine screen drum (5) is rotatably connected to the inside of the shell (1), one end of the fine screen drum (5) is fixedly connected to a gear ring (7), the fine screen drum (5) is provided with a discharge hole (16) inside, the shell (1) is fixedly connected to a fixed plate (8), the fixed plate (8) is rotatably connected to the inside of a primary screen drum (9), the primary screen drum (9) is provided with a discharge hole (15), the fine screen drum (5) is fixedly connected to the inside of the shell (1), the primary screen drum (9) is rotatably connected to the inside of the primary screen drum (9), the primary screen drum (9) is provided with a discharge hole (15), the fine screen drum (5) is fixedly connected to the inside of the shell (1 ... A discharge hole 2 (16) is provided inside the screen cylinder (5), a fixing plate 2 (11) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the fine screen cylinder (5), a rubber plate (10) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the primary screen cylinder (9), a driving assembly is provided on the outer wall of the shell 1 (1), a hopper (6) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the shell 1 (1), one end of the hopper (6) is passed through the interior of the primary screen cylinder (9), and a reset assembly is provided between the primary screen cylinder (9) and the fixing plate 1 (8).

2. The machine vision-based intelligent detection device for sand and gravel particle shape and gradation according to claim 1 is characterized by: The driving assembly comprises a motor (3), an output end of the motor (3) is fixedly connected to a gear (4), and the gear (4) is meshed with the outer wall of the gear ring (7).

3. The intelligent detection device for sand and gravel particle shape and gradation based on machine vision according to claim 1 is characterized by: The reset assembly comprises a connecting block (12), one end of which is rotatably connected to a fixed plate (8) and the outer wall of a primary screening cylinder (9), a telescopic rod (13) is provided between the connecting blocks (12), the outer wall of the telescopic rod (13) is sleeved with a tension spring (14), and both ends of the telescopic rod (13) and the tension spring (14) are fixedly connected between the connecting blocks (12).

4. The intelligent detection device for sand and gravel particle shape and gradation based on machine vision according to claim 1 is characterized by: The outer wall of the second housing (17) is fixedly connected to the second motor (20), and the output end of the second motor (20) is fixedly connected to a bidirectional threaded rod (25).

5. The intelligent detection device for sand and gravel particle shape and gradation based on machine vision according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The outer wall of the bidirectional threaded rod (25) is threadedly connected to a threaded sleeve (28), the top of the threaded sleeve (28) is fixedly connected to a screen frame (23), and the interior of the screen frame (23) is fixedly connected to a screen plate (27).

6. The intelligent detection device for sand and gravel particle shape and gradation based on machine vision according to claim 1 is characterized by: A limiting rod (26) is fixedly connected inside the second shell (17), and the outer wall of the limiting rod (26) is slidably connected to the bottom of the screen frame (23).

7. The intelligent detection device for sand and gravel particle shape and gradation based on machine vision according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The outer wall of the second shell (17) is fixedly connected to the first discharge pipe (18), and the outer wall of the second shell (17) is fixedly connected to the second discharge pipe (19).

8. The machine vision-based intelligent detection device for sand and gravel particle shape and gradation according to claim 1 is characterized by: The outer wall of the second shell (17) is fixedly connected to an electric push rod (21), the output end of the electric push rod (21) is fixedly connected to a baffle (22), and the baffle (22) is slidably connected to the inside of the discharge pipe (18).

9. The intelligent detection device for sand and gravel particle shape and gradation based on machine vision according to claim 5 is characterized by: A compression spring (24) is provided between the screen frame (23) and the second shell (17), one end of the compression spring (24) is fixedly connected to the inside of the second shell (17), and the other end of the compression spring (24) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the screen frame (23).

10. An intelligent gradation detection device, characterized in that: The method comprises the sand and gravel particle shape based on machine vision as described in any one of claims 1 to 9.

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