A compression chain assembly device with hole positioning function

Abstract

The present invention discloses a compression chain assembly device with a hole positioning function, the assembly device includes a base frame, a spiral array unit, a pneumatic guide rail group, a compression mechanism, a latch mechanism and a pre-installation mechanism, the compression mechanism includes a blanking frame, the latch mechanism includes a transverse platform and a hose, the pre-installation mechanism includes a blanking mechanism and a base, the blanking mechanism includes a blanking guide rail, the spiral array unit and the base are fixedly connected to the base, the blanking frame is fixedly connected to the base, the transverse platform is slidably connected to the base, and the pneumatic guide rail group is fixedly connected to the spiral array unit, the hose and the blanking guide rail; the present invention relates to the technical field of chain assembly machines, the present invention has the ability to assemble chains with high automation and precision, avoids weak latch stress structure during assembly, makes the weight of the chain evenly distributed, and ensures dynamic balance during chain transmission.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of chain assembly machines, in particular to a compression chain assembly device with a hole positioning function. Background Art

[0002] Chain assembly machines are specialized equipment primarily used for the automated production of various types of chains, including transmission chains, conveyor chains, and roller chains. Traditional chain manufacturing relies heavily on manual or semi-mechanized operations, resulting in low production efficiency and poor product consistency. However, with the rapidly growing market demand for high-precision, high-volume chains, modern chain assembly machines have emerged. Incorporating advanced technologies such as servo drives, machine vision, and sensor detection, they automate processes such as feeding, assembly, riveting, and testing, enabling flexible production of chains of varying specifications.

[0003] Despite the significant development of chain assembly machines, existing equipment still faces some key technical difficulties. Taking the conventional riveting process as an example, its operation method is to place the pin in the chain pin hole, and use hydraulic means to squeeze one end of the pin to deform it, thereby completing the rotational assembly of the chain. In this process, the amount of pin collapse is inconsistent, which in turn causes the center of gravity of the pin to shift, making the overall mass distribution of the chain uneven, affecting the dynamic balance of the chain, and making the chain unsuitable for use in high-precision equipment. In addition, the conventional riveting process directly uses hydraulic extrusion of the pin end face, resulting in less metal distribution at the center of the pin end face, and more metal distribution at the edge due to the extrusion effect. After the two ends of the pin are flattened, they appear concave, resulting in uneven thickness, weak stress strength and other problems. This not only affects the service life of the pin, but also shortens the overall service life of the chain. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The object of the present invention is to provide a compression chain assembly device with a hole positioning function to solve the problems in the prior art.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: A compression chain assembly device with a hole positioning function includes a base frame, a spiral array unit, a pneumatic guide rail group, a compression mechanism, a latch mechanism and a pre-installation mechanism, the compression mechanism includes a blanking rack, the latch mechanism includes a transverse platform and a hose, the pre-installation mechanism includes a blanking mechanism and a base, the blanking mechanism includes a blanking guide rail, the spiral array unit and the base are fixedly connected to the base, the blanking rack is fixedly connected to the base, the transverse platform is slidably connected to the base, and the pneumatic guide rail group is fixedly connected to the spiral array unit, the hose and the blanking guide rail.

[0006] The present invention is a fully automatic production line for producing chains. The spiral array unit neatly stacks the lower chain plate, shaft sleeve, upper chain plate and latch that make up the chain. The lower chain plate, shaft sleeve, upper chain plate and latch are sequentially loaded into the pre-assembly mechanism through a pneumatic guide rail group and a hose. The lower chain plate, shaft sleeve and upper chain plate are assembled into a chain. The latch mechanism accurately locates the latch hole of the chain through laser recognition, and accurately assembles the pin shaft used to fix the chain into the pin hole, completing the entire automated process flow of the chain pre-assembly. The clamping mechanism flattens both ends of the pin shaft so that the pin shaft is fixed to the chain rotation assembly.

[0007] Furthermore, the clamping mechanism also includes a hydraulic cylinder, a horizontal plate and a counter-pressing mechanism, the counter-pressing mechanism includes a side plate and a first rack rack, the hydraulic cylinder and the side plate are fixedly connected to the unloading rack, and the horizontal plate is fixedly connected to the output end of the hydraulic cylinder and the first rack rack.

[0008] The chain that has completed all the automated process flows of chain pre-assembly is transported to the unloading rack and transported by friction between the two sets of first rack racks symmetrically arranged up and down. The output end of the hydraulic cylinder pushes the pressure mechanism through the cross plate. The two sets of first rack racks in the pressure mechanism move toward each other, evenly flattening the two ends of the pin shaft, so that the pin shaft is fixed to the chain rotation assembly.

[0009] Furthermore, the pressure mechanism also includes a second rack rack, an outer ring, a cone and a gear column. A slide groove is provided on the side plate. There are two groups of slide grooves, the first rack rack, the second rack rack, the outer ring and the cone. The two groups of slide grooves, the first rack rack, the second rack rack, the outer ring and the cone are mirror-arranged along the median cross-section of the side plate. The first rack rack and the second rack rack are both slidably connected to the slide grooves, the gear column is rotatably connected to the side plate, the first rack rack and the second rack rack are both meshed with the tooth surface of the gear column, the outer ring is fixedly connected to the first rack rack, the cone is fixedly connected to the second rack rack, and a first inner conical surface is provided on the outer ring, and the first inner conical surface is in contact with the cone.

[0010] The output end of the hydraulic cylinder drives a group of first racks to move along the slide groove toward the median cross section of the side plate through the cross plate. The first rack and the second rack are meshed with the tooth surface of the gear column, and the gear column transmits the torque to the second rack. The two groups of mirror images arranged on both sides of the median cross section of the side plate move toward each other along the slide groove in the first rack and the second rack. The upper and lower groups of outer rings and cones move toward each other and contact the upper and lower ends of the pin shaft respectively. The outer ring contacts the outside of the pin shaft first, squeezing the two ends of the pin shaft toward the middle end. At the same time, the first inner cone surface squeezes the outer edges of the two ends of the pin shaft toward the pin shaft axis position. The cone then contacts the two ends of the pin shaft and will be squeezed toward the pin shaft axis. The metal part at the position is squeezed toward the first inner cone again, and a part of the metal is gathered inward by squeezing the outer end of the pin first, and then the inward gathered metal is flattened by the cone, so that when the two ends of the pin are squeezed and pressed tightly, there will not be less metal arrangement at the center of the circle and more metal extrusion at the edge, which causes the two ends of the pin to be concave after being flattened, resulting in uneven thickness and weak stress strength. The flattening and shrinkage amounts of the two ends of the pin are equal when flattened at the same time, so that the adjacent pins are balanced in the rotation assembly of the chain. After the pin is assembled with the chain, the center of gravity of adjacent chain components is at the same position, which improves the accuracy of the chain assembly and ensures the dynamic balance of the chain.

[0011] Furthermore, the latch mechanism also includes a longitudinal moving platform, a pneumatic clamp, a laser locator and an assembly frame. The pneumatic clamp includes an outer cylinder. The longitudinal moving platform, the transverse moving platform and the assembly frame are all slidingly connected. The outer cylinder is fixedly connected to the assembly frame. The laser locator is fixedly connected to the transverse moving platform. The outer cylinder is fixedly connected to the hose. The laser locator is connected to the transverse moving platform through electrical signals.

[0012] The laser locator accurately locates the pin holes of the chain through laser recognition. The laser locator identifies the reflective arc plates arranged under the adjacent pin holes. When the chain model is fixed, the positions of the adjacent pin holes of the chain are constant and known. The transverse platform drives the longitudinal platform to move, so that the pneumatic clamp moves to the top of the pin hole. The longitudinal platform drives the assembly frame to move downward. The hose transports the pin shaft to the pneumatic clamp jaw, and the pneumatic clamp jaw is released to accurately place the pin shaft into the pin hole.

[0013] Furthermore, the pneumatic clamp also includes an inner cylinder, a ring platform, a spring cone cylinder and an air valve. The inner cylinder is fixedly connected to the outer cylinder, a concave ring groove is provided on the inner cylinder, the spring cone cylinder is slidingly connected to the concave ring groove, the ring platform is slidingly connected to the outer cylinder, a second inner cone surface is provided on the ring platform, the second inner cone surface is in contact with the spring cone cylinder, an air hole is provided on the outer cylinder, and the air hole is fixedly connected to the air valve.

[0014] The hose transports the pin to the pneumatic clamp, and the external air pump extracts the air between the outer cylinder, inner cylinder and ring table through the air valve and air hole to generate negative pressure vacuum to adsorb the ring table. The ring table moves in the outer cylinder toward the hose, and the second inner cone surface contacts the spring cone tube, causing the spring cone tube to contract and clamp the pin. When the pneumatic clamp lowers the pin, the external air pump supplies air in the reverse direction to push the ring table away from the hose. The second inner cone surface no longer contacts the spring cone tube, and the spring cone tube expands and slides in the concave ring groove under the action of the built-in spring. The cross-sectional radius of the spring cone tube increases, loosening the pin.

[0015] Furthermore, the pre-installation mechanism also includes a two-axis displacement platform, a servo push table and a positioning fixture, and the unloading mechanism also includes a horizontal table, an outer shell and a push frame. The two-axis displacement platform, the servo push table, the horizontal table and the outer shell are all fixedly connected to the base. The positioning fixture includes a lower splint. The two-axis displacement platform is fixedly connected to the lower splint, the lower splint is in contact with the horizontal table, and the output end of the servo push table is fixedly connected to the push frame.

[0016] The lower chain plate, shaft sleeve, upper chain plate and latch are transported to the unloading mechanism in sequence through the pneumatic guide rail group and the hose. The output end of the servo push table pushes the push frame to push the lower chain plate, shaft sleeve and upper chain plate onto the horizontal table in sequence. The positioning fixture is driven on the horizontal table by the two-axis displacement platform to perform synchronous two-axis plane displacement parallel to the horizontal table and perpendicular to the horizontal table. The lower chain plate is driven to move equidistantly through the positioning fixture. The positioning fixture contacts the shaft sleeve and the upper chain plate in sequence to assemble the lower chain plate, shaft sleeve and upper chain plate into a chain.

[0017] Furthermore, the unloading mechanism also includes a positioning circular plate, and the outer shell, push rack and unloading guide rail are each provided with three groups. The three groups of outer shells, push racks and unloading guide rails are all linearly evenly distributed along the horizontal table. The outer shell is fixedly connected to the unloading guide rail, and the push rack is slidably connected to the outer shell. A slope is provided on the outer shell, and the slope contacts the horizontal table. A circular groove is provided on the horizontal table. There are several groups of circular grooves and positioning circular plates, and several groups of circular grooves and positioning circular plates are all linearly evenly distributed along the horizontal table. The positioning circular plate is fixedly connected to the circular groove. There are reflective arc plates on the positioning circular plate, and there are several groups of reflective arc plates, and several groups of reflective arc plates are evenly distributed along the circular surface array of the positioning circular plate.

[0018] There are three groups of unloading guide rails. A group of unloading guide rails away from the pin mechanism transports the lower chain plate into the outer shell. The output end of the servo push table pushes the push frame. The lower chain plate slides along the slope to the horizontal table and is clamped by the positioning fixture. The positioning fixture drives the lower chain plate to move equidistantly to the middle group of unloading guide rails. The sleeve slides along the slope to the horizontal table and is clamped by the positioning fixture. The lower chain plate and the sleeve are equidistantly moved to a group of unloading guide rails close to the pin mechanism. The upper chain plate slides along the slope to the horizontal table and is clamped by the positioning fixture to complete the chain pre-assembly. The pin holes of the chain correspond to the circular grooves. The laser locator identifies several groups of reflective arc plates evenly distributed on the circular surface array of the positioning circular plate. The reflective arc plates at different distances from the center of the positioning circular plate have different reflection angles with the laser, and the reflection time of the laser is different. By integrating and calculating the time difference of the reflected laser of different reflective arc plates, the chain pin holes can be accurately positioned.

[0019] Furthermore, the positioning fixture also includes a middle splint and an upper splint, the middle splint is fixedly connected to the lower splint and the upper splint, the lower splint is provided with a lower chain plate groove, the middle splint is provided with a shaft sleeve groove, the upper splint includes an upper chain plate groove, and the lower chain plate groove, the shaft sleeve groove and the upper chain plate groove are each provided with several groups, several groups of lower chain plate grooves are linearly evenly distributed along the lower splint, several groups of shaft sleeve grooves are linearly evenly distributed along the middle splint, and several groups of upper chain plate grooves are linearly evenly distributed along the upper chain plate groove.

[0020] A set of unloading guide rails away from the latch mechanism transports the lower chain plate into the outer shell, and the output end of the servo push table pushes the push frame. The lower chain plate slides along the slope to the horizontal table and is clamped by the lower chain plate groove on the lower clamping plate. The positioning fixture drives the lower chain plate to move equidistantly to the middle set of unloading guide rails, and the shaft sleeve slides along the slope to the horizontal table and is clamped by the shaft sleeve groove on the middle clamping plate. The shaft sleeve is located above the lower chain plate, and the lower chain plate and the shaft sleeve are equidistantly moved to a set of unloading guide rails close to the latch mechanism. The upper chain plate slides along the slope to the horizontal table and is clamped by the upper chain plate groove of the upper clamping plate, completing the chain pre-assembly.

[0021] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the present invention designs a counter-pressure mechanism, and the output end of the hydraulic cylinder drives two groups of mirror images arranged on both sides of the median cross-section of the side plate to move toward each other along the slide groove on the first rack and the second rack, and the upper and lower groups of outer rings and cones move toward each other and contact the upper and lower ends of the pin shaft respectively. The outer ring first contacts the outer side of the pin shaft, and squeezes the two ends of the pin shaft toward the middle end. At the same time, the first inner cone surface squeezes the outer edges of the two ends of the pin shaft toward the axis position of the pin shaft. The cone then contacts the two ends of the pin shaft, and squeezes the metal part squeezed toward the axis position of the pin shaft toward the first inner cone surface again. By squeezing the outer end of the pin shaft first, a part of the metal is gathered inward, and then the inward gathered metal is flattened by the cone, so that when the two ends of the pin shaft are squeezed, there will be no less metal arrangement at the center of the circle and more metal squeezed at the edge position. The two ends of the pin shaft will be concave after being flattened, resulting in uneven thickness and weak stress strength. The pin shaft is flattened at the same time. The flattening and shrinking amounts at both ends of the shaft are equal, so that the rotational assembly of the chain is balanced when the adjacent pins are assembled on the chain. After the pins are assembled on the chain, the center of gravity of adjacent chain components are at the same position, which improves the accuracy of the chain assembly and ensures the dynamic balance of the chain. The present invention designs a pin mechanism, and the laser locator identifies several groups of reflective arc pieces evenly distributed on the circular surface array of the positioning circular plate. The reflective arc pieces at different distances from the center of the positioning circular plate have different reflection angles with the laser. The integrated laser reflection time difference is calculated to accurately locate the pin hole. The chain model is fixed, and the positions of the adjacent pin holes of the chain are known. The transverse platform drives the longitudinal platform to move to the top of the pin hole, and the pneumatic clamp is released to accurately place the pin shaft into the pin hole, completing the entire automated process flow of the chain pre-assembly. The present invention has the ability to assemble the chain with high automation and precision, avoid weak pin stress structure during assembly, and evenly distribute the weight of the chain to ensure dynamic balance during chain transmission. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of the pressing mechanism of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the pressing mechanism of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 4 It is a schematic structural diagram of the latch mechanism of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the pneumatic gripper structure of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 6 It is a schematic structural diagram of the pre-installation mechanism of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 7 for Figure 6 A magnified schematic diagram of a local area A;

[0029] Figure 8 It is a schematic structural diagram of the positioning fixture of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 9 for Figure 8 A schematic diagram of a partial B enlargement;

[0031] Figure 10 for Figure 8 A schematic diagram of a local C enlargement;

[0032] Figure 11 It is a partial cross-sectional view of the pressure mechanism.

[0033] In the figure: 1. Base frame; 2. Spiral array unit; 3. Pneumatic guide rail group; 4. Clamping mechanism; 41. Unloading rack; 42. Hydraulic cylinder; 43. Horizontal plate; 44. Counter-pressing mechanism; 441. Side plate; 4411. Slide groove; 442. First rack; 443. Second rack; 444. Outer ring; 4441. First inner cone; 445. Frustum; 446. Gear column; 5. Latch mechanism; 51. Transverse platform; 52. Longitudinal platform; 53. Pneumatic gripper; 531. Outer cylinder; 5311. Air hole; 532. Inner cylinder; 5321. Concave ring groove; 533. Ring platform; 5331. Second inner cone Surface; 534, spring cone; 535, air valve; 54, laser positioner; 55, hose; 56, assembly frame; 6, pre-installation mechanism; 61, two-axis displacement platform; 62, servo push table; 63, unloading mechanism; 631, horizontal table; 6311, circular groove; 632, outer shell; 6321, slope; 633, push rack; 634, unloading guide rail; 635, positioning circular plate; 6351, reflective arc sheet; 64, positioning fixture; 641, lower splint; 6411, lower chain plate groove; 642, middle splint; 6421, shaft sleeve groove; 643, upper splint; 6431, upper chain plate groove; 65, base. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0035] like Figure 1 、 Figure 2 、 Figure 6As shown, the present invention provides a technical solution of a compression chain assembly equipment with a hole positioning function, including a base frame 1, a spiral array unit 2, a pneumatic guide rail group 3, a compression mechanism 4, a latch mechanism 5 and a pre-installation mechanism 6, the compression mechanism 4 includes a blanking frame 41, the latch mechanism 5 includes a transverse platform 51 and a hose 55, the pre-installation mechanism 6 includes a blanking mechanism 63 and a base 65, the blanking mechanism 63 includes a blanking guide rail 634, the spiral array unit 2 and the base 65 are fixedly connected to the base 1, the blanking frame 41 is fixedly connected to the base 65, the transverse platform 51 is slidably connected to the base 65, and the pneumatic guide rail group 3 is fixedly connected to the spiral array unit 2, the hose 55 and the blanking guide rail 634.

[0036] The present invention is a fully automatic production line for producing chains. The spiral array unit 2 neatly stacks the lower chain plate, shaft sleeve, upper chain plate and latch that make up the chain. The lower chain plate, shaft sleeve, upper chain plate and latch are sequentially loaded into the pre-assembly mechanism 6 through the pneumatic guide rail group 3 and the hose 55. The lower chain plate, shaft sleeve and upper chain plate are assembled into a chain. The latch mechanism 5 accurately locates the latch hole of the chain through laser recognition, and accurately assembles the pin shaft used to fix the chain into the latch hole, completing the entire automated process flow of the chain pre-assembly. The clamping mechanism 4 flattens both ends of the pin shaft so that the pin shaft is fixed to the chain rotation assembly.

[0037] like Figure 2 、 Figure 3 As shown, the clamping mechanism 4 also includes a hydraulic cylinder 42, a transverse plate 43 and a counter-pressing mechanism 44. The counter-pressing mechanism 44 includes a side plate 441 and a first rack 442. The hydraulic cylinder 42 and the side plate 441 are fixedly connected to the unloading rack 41, and the transverse plate 43 is fixedly connected to the output end of the hydraulic cylinder 42 and the first rack 442.

[0038] The chain that has completed all the automated process flows of chain pre-assembly is transported to the unloading rack 41, and is transported between two groups of first racks 442 symmetrically arranged up and down by friction. The output end of the hydraulic cylinder 42 pushes the pressure mechanism 44 through the cross plate 43, and the two groups of first racks 442 in the pressure mechanism 44 move toward each other, flattening both ends of the pin shaft, so that the pin shaft is fixed to the chain rotation assembly.

[0039] like Figure 2 、 Figure 3As shown, the pressure mechanism 44 also includes a second rack 443, an outer ring 444, a cone 445 and a tooth column 446. A slide groove 4411 is provided on the side plate 441. The slide groove 4411, the first rack 442, the second rack 443, the outer ring 444, and the cone 445 are each provided with two groups. The two groups of slide grooves 4411, the first rack 442, the second rack 443, the outer ring 444, and the cone 445 are all arranged in a mirror image along the median cross section of the side plate 441. The first rack rack 442 and the second rack rack 443 are both slidingly connected to the slide groove 4411, the tooth column 446 is rotatably connected to the side plate 441, the first rack rack 442 and the second rack rack 443 are both engaged with the tooth surface of the tooth column 446, the outer ring 444 is fixedly connected to the first rack rack 442, the frustum 445 is fixedly connected to the second rack rack 443, and a first inner conical surface 4441 is provided on the outer ring 444, and the first inner conical surface 4441 is in contact with the frustum 445.

[0040] The output end of the hydraulic cylinder 42 drives a group of first racks 442 to move along the slide groove 4411 to the middle cross section of the side plate 441 through the cross plate 43. The first rack 442 and the second rack 443 are meshed with the tooth surface of the tooth column 446. The tooth column 446 transmits the torque to the second rack 443. The two groups of mirror images arranged on both sides of the middle cross section of the side plate 441 are displaced toward each other along the slide groove 4411 on the first rack 442 and the second rack 443. The first rack 442 and the second rack 443 are meshed with the tooth surface of the tooth column 446. When the output end of the hydraulic cylinder 42 drives a group of first racks 442 along the slide groove 4411 to the middle cross section of the side plate 441 through the cross plate 43, When the cross section is displaced, the tooth surface of the first rack rack 442 is engaged with the tooth surface of the gear column 446, and the displacement of the first rack rack 442 is converted into the torque of the gear column 446. The gear column 446 rotates and transmits the torque to the other set of first rack racks 442 and the two sets of second rack racks 443 arranged in a mirrored manner, and the rotation torque of the gear column 446 is converted into the synchronous and out-of-phase opening and closing displacement of the two sets of first rack racks 442 and second rack racks 443 arranged in a mirrored manner. The outer ring 444 is fixedly assembled with the first rack rack 442, and the cone 445 is fixedly assembled with the second rack rack 443. Therefore, it can be clearly known that when the output end of the hydraulic cylinder 42 moves back and forth, the two sets of first rack racks 442 and second rack racks 443 The racks 443 are displaced simultaneously and in opposite directions in opening and closing, so the output end of the hydraulic cylinder 42 can realize the distributed downward pressure of the upper and lower groups of outer rings and cones. According to the requirements of the sequential shrinkage of the outer edges and centers of the circular sections at both ends of the pin shaft, the rack spacing ratio of the first rack 442 and the second rack 443 is changed, so that the outer rings first contact the outer edges of the circular sections at both ends of the pin shaft, and then the two groups of cones contact the centers of the circular sections at both ends of the pin shaft. The upper and lower groups of outer rings 444 and cones 445 are displaced toward each other and contact the upper and lower ends of the pin shaft respectively. The outer ring 444 first contacts the outside of the pin shaft, squeezing the two ends of the pin shaft toward the middle end. At the same time, the first inner cone surface 4441 squeezes the outer edges of the two ends of the pin shaft toward the axis position of the pin shaft, and the cone 445 After contacting both ends of the pin, the metal part that is squeezed toward the axis of the pin is squeezed again toward the first inner cone 4441. By squeezing the outer end of the pin first, a part of the metal is gathered inward, and then the inward gathered metal is flattened by the cone 445. When the two ends of the pin are squeezed and pressed tightly, there will not be less metal at the center of the circle and more metal at the edge, which will cause the two ends of the pin to be concave after being flattened, resulting in uneven thickness and weak stress strength. The flattening and shrinkage amounts of the two ends of the pin are equal when flattened at the same time, so that the adjacent pins balance the rotation assembly of the chain. After the pin is assembled with the chain, the center of gravity of adjacent chain components is at the same position, which improves the accuracy of the chain assembly and ensures the dynamic balance of the chain.

[0041] like Figure 4 、 Figure 5As shown, the latch mechanism 5 also includes a longitudinal moving platform 52, a pneumatic clamp 53, a laser locator 54 and an assembly frame 56. The pneumatic clamp 53 includes an outer cylinder 531. The longitudinal moving platform 52 is slidingly connected to the transverse moving platform 51 and the assembly frame 56. The outer cylinder 531 is fixedly connected to the assembly frame 56. The laser locator 54 is fixedly connected to the transverse moving platform 51. The outer cylinder 531 is fixedly connected to the hose 55. The laser locator 54 is connected to the transverse moving platform 51 through electrical signals.

[0042] The laser locator 54 accurately locates the pin holes of the chain through laser recognition. The laser locator 54 recognizes the reflective arc pieces 6351 arranged below the adjacent pin holes. When the chain model is fixed, the positions of the adjacent pin holes of the chain are constant and known. The transverse platform 51 drives the longitudinal platform 52 to move, so that the pneumatic clamp 53 moves to the top of the pin hole. The longitudinal platform 52 drives the assembly frame 56 to move downward, and the hose 55 transports the pin shaft to the pneumatic clamp 53. The pneumatic clamp 53 is released to accurately place the pin shaft into the pin hole.

[0043] like Figure 4 、 Figure 5 As shown, the pneumatic clamp 53 also includes an inner cylinder 532, a ring platform 533, a spring cone cylinder 534 and an air valve 535. The inner cylinder 532 is fixedly connected to the outer cylinder 531. The inner cylinder 532 is provided with a concave ring groove 5321. The spring cone cylinder 534 is slidingly connected to the concave ring groove 5321. The ring platform 533 is slidingly connected to the outer cylinder 531. The ring platform 533 is provided with a second inner conical surface 5331. The second inner conical surface 5331 is in contact with the spring cone cylinder 534. The outer cylinder 531 is provided with an air hole 5311. The air hole 5311 is fixedly connected to the air valve 535.

[0044] The hose 55 transports the pin to the pneumatic clamp 53. The external air pump extracts the air between the outer cylinder 531, the inner cylinder 532 and the ring platform 533 through the air valve 535 and the air hole 5311 to generate negative pressure vacuum to adsorb the ring platform 533. The ring platform 533 moves in the outer cylinder 531 toward the hose 55. The second inner conical surface 5331 contacts the spring cone cylinder 534, causing the spring cone cylinder 534 to contract and clamp the pin. When the pneumatic clamp 53 lowers the pin, the external air pump supplies air in the reverse direction to push the ring platform 533 to move away from the hose 55. The second inner conical surface 5331 no longer contacts the spring cone cylinder 534. Under the action of the built-in spring, the spring cone cylinder 534 expands and slides in the concave ring groove 5321. The cross-sectional radius of the spring cone cylinder 534 increases, loosening the pin.

[0045] like Figure 6 、 Figure 7As shown, the pre-installation mechanism 6 also includes a two-axis displacement platform 61, a servo push table 62 and a positioning fixture 64, and the unloading mechanism 63 also includes a horizontal platform 631, an outer shell 632 and a push frame 633. The two-axis displacement platform 61, the servo push table 62, the horizontal platform 631, and the outer shell 632 are all fixedly connected to the base 65. The positioning fixture 64 includes a lower clamping plate 641. The two-axis displacement platform 61 is fixedly connected to the lower clamping plate 641, and the lower clamping plate 641 is in contact with the horizontal platform 631. The output end of the servo push table 62 is fixedly connected to the push frame 633.

[0046] The lower chain plate, shaft sleeve, upper chain plate and latch are transported to the unloading mechanism 63 in sequence through the pneumatic guide rail group 3 and the hose 55. The output end of the servo push table 62 pushes the push frame 633 to push the lower chain plate, shaft sleeve and upper chain plate onto the horizontal table 631 in sequence. The positioning fixture 64 is driven on the horizontal table 631 by the two-axis displacement platform 61 to perform synchronous two-axis plane displacement parallel to the horizontal table 631 and perpendicular to the horizontal table 631. The lower chain plate is driven to move equidistantly through the positioning fixture 64. The positioning fixture 64 contacts the shaft sleeve and the upper chain plate in sequence to assemble the lower chain plate, shaft sleeve and upper chain plate into a chain.

[0047] like Figure 3 、 Figure 6 、 Figure 7 As shown, the unloading mechanism 63 also includes a positioning circular plate 635, a housing 632, a push frame 633, and a unloading guide rail 634, each of which is provided with three groups. The three groups of housings 632, push frames 633, and unloading guide rails 634 are linearly and evenly distributed along the horizontal platform 631. The housing 632 is fixedly connected to the unloading guide rail 634, and the push frame 633 is slidably connected to the housing 632. The housing 632 is provided with a slope 6321, and the slope 6321 is in contact with the horizontal platform 631. A circular groove 6311 is provided on the horizontal platform 631. There are several groups of circular grooves 6311 and positioning circular plates 635. The groups of circular grooves 6311 and positioning circular plates 635 are linearly evenly distributed along the horizontal platform 631. The positioning circular plates 635 are fixedly connected to the circular grooves 6311. There are reflective arc plates 6351 on the positioning circular plates 635. There are several groups of reflective arc plates 6351. The groups of reflective arc plates 6351 are evenly distributed along the circular surface array of the positioning circular plates 635.

[0048] There are three groups of unloading guide rails 634. A group of unloading guide rails 634 away from the latch mechanism 5 transports the lower chain plate into the housing 632. The output end of the servo push platform 62 pushes the push frame 633. The lower chain plate slides along the slope 6321 to the horizontal table 631 and is clamped by the positioning fixture 64. The positioning fixture 64 drives the lower chain plate to move equidistantly to the middle group of unloading guide rails 634. The shaft sleeve slides along the slope 6321 to the horizontal table 631 and is clamped by the positioning fixture 64. The lower chain plate and shaft sleeve are moved equidistantly to a group of unloading guide rails 634 close to the latch mechanism 5. The upper chain plate slides along the slope 6321 to the horizontal table 631 and is clamped by the positioning fixture 64 to complete the chain pre-assembly. The pin hole of the chain corresponds to the circular groove 6311. The laser locator 54 identifies several groups of reflective arc plates 6351 evenly distributed in the circular array of the positioning circular plate 635. The reflective arc plates 6351 at different distances from the center of the positioning circular plate 635 have different reflection angles with the laser, and the reflection time of the laser is different. By integrating and calculating the time difference of the reflected laser of different reflective arc plates 6351, the chain pin hole can be accurately positioned.

[0049] like Figure 8 、 Figure 9 、 Figure 10 As shown, the positioning fixture 64 also includes a middle splint 642 and an upper splint 643. The middle splint 642 is fixedly connected to the lower splint 641 and the upper splint 643. The lower splint 641 is provided with a lower chain plate groove 6411, and the middle splint 642 is provided with a shaft sleeve groove 6421. The upper splint 643 includes an upper chain plate groove 6431. The lower chain plate groove 6411, the shaft sleeve groove 6421, and the upper chain plate groove 6431 are each provided with several groups. Several groups of lower chain plate grooves 6411 are linearly evenly distributed along the lower splint 641, several groups of shaft sleeve grooves 6421 are linearly evenly distributed along the middle splint 642, and several groups of upper chain plate grooves 6431 are linearly evenly distributed along the upper chain plate groove 6431.

[0050] A set of unloading guide rails 634 away from the latch mechanism 5 transports the lower chain plate into the housing 632. The output end of the servo push platform 62 pushes the push frame 633. The lower chain plate slides along the slope 6321 to the horizontal table 631 and is clamped by the lower chain plate groove 6411 on the lower clamping plate 641. The positioning fixture 64 drives the lower chain plate to move equidistantly to the middle set of unloading guide rails 634. The shaft sleeve slides along the slope 6321 to the horizontal table 631 and is clamped by the shaft sleeve groove 6421 on the middle clamping plate 642. The shaft sleeve is located above the lower chain plate. The lower chain plate and the shaft sleeve are equidistantly moved to a set of unloading guide rails 634 close to the latch mechanism 5. The upper chain plate slides along the slope 6321 to the horizontal table 631 and is clamped by the upper chain plate groove 6431 of the upper clamping plate 643, that is, the two-axis displacement platform 61 drives the positioning fixture 64 to make two-axis free displacement in the x-axis and y-axis planes parallel to the upper surface of the horizontal table 631. The chain assembly process is described in detail in the specification of the present invention. A set of unloading guide rails 634 away from the latch mechanism 5 transports the lower chain plate to the housing 632. The output end of the servo push table 62 pushes the push frame 633, and the lower chain plate slides along the slope 6321 to the horizontal table 631 and is clamped by the lower chain plate groove 6431 on the lower clamping plate 641. 411 clamping, the positioning fixture 64 drives the lower chain plate to be equidistantly displaced to the middle group unloading guide rail 634, that is, the two-axis displacement platform 61 drives the lower clamping plate 641 along the axis direction of the horizontal table 631, and moves a fixed distance close to the latch mechanism 5. At this time, the lower chain plate is displaced to the middle group unloading guide rail 634, and the two-axis displacement platform 61 drives the lower clamping plate 641 to move a fixed distance away from the horizontal table 631. At this time, the lower chain plate groove 6411 no longer contacts the lower chain plate, and the two-axis displacement platform 61 drives the lower clamping plate 641 along the axis direction of the horizontal table 631, and moves away from the latch mechanism 5 in the opposite direction. After the distance, the two-axis displacement platform 61 again drives the lower splint 641 to move in the opposite direction towards the horizontal table 631 for a fixed distance. At this time, the lower chain plate groove 6411 contacts the lower chain plate again, that is, the two-axis displacement platform 61 drives the positioning fixture 64 to move along the rectangular track on the horizontal table 631. Through the rectangular operation estimation of the lower splint 641, the lower chain plate is driven to move to the unloading guide rail 634 in turn. The middle splint 642 and the lower splint 641 and the upper splint 643 are all fixedly assembled. The two-axis displacement platform 61 drives the middle splint 642 and the upper splint 643 to operate in the same principle to complete the chain pre-assembly.

[0051] The working principle of the present invention is as follows: the spiral array unit 2 neatly arranges the lower chain plate, shaft sleeve, upper chain plate and latch that make up the chain, and sequentially loads them into the pre-assembly mechanism 6 through the pneumatic guide rail group 3 to assemble into a chain. The laser locator 54 identifies several groups of reflective arc sheets 6351 uniformly distributed on the circular array of the positioning circular plate 635. The reflective arc sheets 6351 at different distances from the center of the positioning circular plate 635 have different reflection angles with the laser. The integrated laser reflection time difference is calculated to accurately locate the latch hole. The chain model is fixed, and the positions of adjacent latch holes in the chain are known. The transverse platform 51 drives the longitudinal platform 52 to move above the latch hole. The pneumatic clamp 53 is loosened to accurately place the pin shaft into the latch hole, completing the entire automated process flow of the chain pre-assembly. The output end of the hydraulic cylinder 42 drives the two groups of mirror images arranged on both sides of the median cross section of the side plate 441 to move toward each other along the slide groove 4411 on the first rack 442 and the second rack 443, and the upper and lower two racks are moved toward each other along the slide groove 4411. The outer ring 444 and the cone 445 are displaced toward each other to contact the upper and lower ends of the pin shaft respectively. The outer ring 444 first contacts the outer side of the pin shaft, squeezing the two ends of the pin shaft toward the middle end. At the same time, the first inner cone 4441 squeezes the outer edges of the two ends of the pin shaft toward the axis of the pin shaft. The cone 445 then contacts the two ends of the pin shaft, and squeezes the metal parts squeezed toward the axis of the pin shaft toward the first inner cone surface 4441 again. By squeezing the outer end of the pin shaft first, a part of the metal is gathered inward, and then the cone 445 flattens the gathered metal inward, so that when the two ends of the pin shaft are squeezed, there will be no less metal arrangement at the center of the circle and more metal squeezed at the edge, and the two ends of the pin shaft will not be concave after being flattened, resulting in uneven thickness and weak stress strength. The flattening and shrinkage amount of the two ends of the pin shaft are equal when flattening the upper and lower ends at the same time, so that the rotational assembly of the adjacent pin shafts to the chain is balanced. After the pin shaft is assembled with the chain, the center of gravity of the adjacent chain components is the same, which improves the accuracy of the chain assembly and ensures the dynamic balance of the chain.

[0052] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above and that the invention can be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics of the invention. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered in all respects as illustrative and non-restrictive, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims, not the foregoing description, and all variations within the meaning and range of equivalents of the claims are intended to be included therein. Any reference sign in a claim should not be construed as limiting the claim to which it relates.

Claims

1. A compression chain assembly device with a hole positioning function, characterized in that: The assembly equipment includes a base frame (1), a spiral array unit (2), a pneumatic guide rail group (3), a clamping mechanism (4), a latch mechanism (5) and a pre-installation mechanism (6), wherein the clamping mechanism (4) includes a blanking frame (41), the latch mechanism (5) includes a transverse platform (51) and a hose (55), the pre-installation mechanism (6) includes a blanking mechanism (63) and a base (65), the blanking mechanism (63) includes a blanking guide rail (634), the spiral array unit (2) and the base (65) are fixedly connected to the base frame (1), the blanking frame (41) is fixedly connected to the base (65), the transverse platform (51) is slidably connected to the base (65), and the pneumatic guide rail group (3) is fixedly connected to the spiral array unit (2), the hose (55) and the blanking guide rail (634); The pressing mechanism (4) further comprises a hydraulic cylinder (42), a transverse plate (43) and a counter-pressing mechanism (44); the counter-pressing mechanism (44) comprises a side plate (441) and a first rack (442); the hydraulic cylinder (42) and the side plate (441) are fixedly connected to the unloading rack (41); the transverse plate (43) is fixedly connected to the output end of the hydraulic cylinder (42) and the first rack (442); The pressure mechanism (44) further comprises a second rack (443), an outer ring (444), a cone (445) and a tooth column (446); a slide groove (4411) is provided on the side plate (441); the slide groove (4411), the first rack (442), the second rack (443), the outer ring (444) and the cone (445) are each provided with two groups; the two groups of slide grooves (4411), the first rack (442), the second rack (443), the outer ring (444) and the cone (445) are all arranged in a mirror image along the median cross section of the side plate (441); The first rack rack (442) and the second rack rack (443) are both slidably connected to the slide groove (4411), the tooth column (446) is rotatably connected to the side plate (441), the first rack rack (442) and the second rack rack (443) are both meshed with the tooth surface of the tooth column (446), the outer ring (444) is fixedly connected to the first rack rack (442), the frustum (445) is fixedly connected to the second rack rack (443), and the outer ring (444) is provided with a first inner conical surface (4441), and the first inner conical surface (4441) is in contact with the frustum (445).

2. The compression chain assembly device with hole positioning function according to claim 1, characterized in that: The latch mechanism (5) further comprises a longitudinal moving platform (52), a pneumatic clamp (53), a laser locator (54) and an assembly frame (56), wherein the pneumatic clamp (53) comprises an outer cylinder (531), the longitudinal moving platform (52) is slidably connected to the transverse moving platform (51) and the assembly frame (56), the outer cylinder (531) is fixedly connected to the assembly frame (56), the laser locator (54) is fixedly connected to the transverse moving platform (51), the outer cylinder (531) is fixedly connected to the hose (55), and the laser locator (54) is connected to the transverse moving platform (51) via an electrical signal.

3. The pressing chain assembly device with hole positioning function according to claim 2, characterized in that: The pneumatic clamp (53) further comprises an inner cylinder (532), an annular platform (533), a spring cone cylinder (534) and an air valve (535); the inner cylinder (532) is fixedly connected to the outer cylinder (531); a concave annular groove (5321) is provided on the inner cylinder (532); the spring cone cylinder (534) is slidably connected to the concave annular groove (5321); the annular platform (533) is slidably connected to the outer cylinder (531); a second inner conical surface (5331) is provided on the annular platform (533); the second inner conical surface (5331) contacts the spring cone cylinder (534); the outer cylinder (531) is provided with an air hole (5311); the air hole (5311) is fixedly connected to the air valve (535).

4. The pressing chain assembly device with hole positioning function according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pre-installation mechanism (6) further comprises a two-axis displacement platform (61), a servo push platform (62) and a positioning fixture (64); the blanking mechanism (63) further comprises a horizontal platform (631), a shell (632) and a push frame (633); the two-axis displacement platform (61), the servo push platform (62), the horizontal platform (631) and the shell (632) are all fixedly connected to the bottom platform (65); the positioning fixture (64) comprises a lower clamping plate (641); the two-axis displacement platform (61) is fixedly connected to the lower clamping plate (641); the lower clamping plate (641) contacts the horizontal platform (631); and the output end of the servo push platform (62) is fixedly connected to the push frame (633).

5. The pressing chain assembly device with hole positioning function according to claim 4, characterized in that: The blanking mechanism (63) further includes a positioning circular plate (635), and the housing (632), the push frame (633), and the blanking guide rail (634) are each provided with three groups. The three groups of the housing (632), the push frame (633), and the blanking guide rail (634) are linearly and evenly distributed along the horizontal table (631). The housing (632) is fixedly connected to the blanking guide rail (634), and the push frame (633) is slidably connected to the housing (632). The housing (632) is provided with a slope (6321), and the slope (6321) contacts the horizontal table (631). The horizontal platform (631) is provided with a circular groove (6311), and the circular groove (6311) and the positioning circular plate (635) are provided in a plurality of groups. The plurality of groups of circular grooves (6311) and the positioning circular plate (635) are linearly evenly distributed along the horizontal platform (631). The positioning circular plate (635) is fixedly connected to the circular groove (6311). The positioning circular plate (635) is provided with a reflective arc sheet (6351), and the reflective arc sheet (6351) is provided in a plurality of groups. The plurality of groups of reflective arc sheets (6351) are evenly distributed along the circular surface array of the positioning circular plate (635).

6. The pressing chain assembly device with hole positioning function according to claim 4, characterized in that: The positioning fixture (64) further comprises a middle splint (642) and an upper splint (643), wherein the middle splint (642) is fixedly connected to the lower splint (641) and the upper splint (643), wherein the lower splint (641) is provided with a lower chain plate groove (6411), and the middle splint (642) is provided with a shaft sleeve groove (6421), and the upper splint (643) comprises an upper chain plate groove (6431), wherein the lower chain plate groove (6411), the shaft sleeve groove (6421), and the upper chain plate groove (6431) are each provided in a plurality of groups, wherein the plurality of groups of the lower chain plate grooves (6411) are linearly evenly distributed along the lower splint (641), the plurality of groups of the shaft sleeve grooves (6421) are linearly evenly distributed along the middle splint (642), and the plurality of groups of the upper chain plate grooves (6431) are linearly evenly distributed along the upper chain plate groove (6431).

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