Feeding device of double-screw extruder and feeding method thereof
By adopting a mixing barrel and opening and closing mechanism with upper and lower chamber structures in the twin-screw extruder, combined with multiple sets of melting barrels and conveying equipment, a small portion of multiple cuts and stacking uniform mixing is achieved, which solves the problems of poor mixing uniformity and local overheating deformation, and improves product quality.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202510910972.2
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-07-02
- Publication Date
- 2025-08-15
AI Technical Summary
When mixing different materials, existing twin-screw extruders have problems such as poor mixing uniformity, local overheating deformation or insufficient melting, which affects the quality of extruded products.
A mixing barrel and opening and closing mechanism with an upper and lower chamber structure is adopted, combined with multiple sets of melting barrels and conveying equipment, through small parts of multiple times of cutting and stacking, the proportional mechanism is used to control the material ratio, and realize three uniformization treatments.
The mixing speed and uniformity of various materials are significantly improved, local overheating denaturation or insufficient melting problems caused by inconsistent melting temperatures are avoided, and the yield of extruder products is improved.
Smart Images
Figure CN120481246A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of extruders, and particularly discloses a feeding device of a twin-screw extruder and a feeding method thereof. Background Art
[0002] The twin-screw extruder is developed based on the single-screw extruder. Due to its good feeding performance, mixing and plasticizing performance, exhaust performance, extrusion stability and other characteristics, it has been widely used in the molding processing of extruded products.
[0003] In practical applications, some special processes require the mixing of two materials. However, existing technologies can only achieve this by weighing and mixing different materials separately and then adding them to the extruder feed end at the same time. Since the melting temperatures of different materials are often different, if multiple materials in different proportions are added at the same time, not only will the mixing uniformity between the materials be poor, but it will also easily lead to local overheating deformation, degradation, or local insufficient melting caused by uneven mixing in a short period of time, thereby affecting the quality of the final extruded product. Therefore, there is room for improvement.
[0004] In order to solve the above problems, the present invention proposes a feeding device and a feeding method for a twin-screw extruder. Summary of the Invention
[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art and to provide a feeding device for a twin-screw extruder and a feeding method thereof.
[0006] On the one hand, the present invention discloses a feeding device for a twin-screw extruder, which adopts the following technical solution:
[0007] A feeding device for a twin-screw extruder, comprising an extruder and further comprising:
[0008] A mixing barrel, wherein the mixing barrel is divided into a first chamber and a second chamber distributed vertically, the first chamber and the second chamber are connected by a plurality of leakage holes, and an opening and closing mechanism is provided for controlling the sealing or conduction of the plurality of leakage holes, a second stirring device is provided in the second chamber, and the second chamber is connected to the feed end above the extruder;
[0009] at least two melting barrels, each of which is provided with a first stirring device and a first heating device, and the melting barrels are connected to the top of the first chamber;
[0010] At least two conveying devices are connected to the melting barrels in a one-to-one correspondence. The conveying devices are used to convey the raw materials to the corresponding melting barrels. The conveying devices are provided with a proportional mechanism for controlling the conveying amount of the raw materials.
[0011] Preferably, a transparent cover is provided inside the mixing barrel, the second chamber is arranged inside the transparent cover, a detection space is formed between the outer side of the transparent cover and the inner side of the mixing barrel, a plurality of transmittance detection sensors are provided inside the detection space, and the transmittance detection sensors are facing the second chamber.
[0012] Preferably, a second heating device is provided in the first chamber, and a plurality of the second heating devices are arranged at equal angular intervals in a ring on the inner top of the mixing barrel; a third heating device is provided in the second chamber, and a plurality of the third heating devices are arranged at equal angular intervals in a ring on the inner side surface of the transparent cover.
[0013] Preferably, the opening and closing mechanism includes a fixed leak plate, a rotating leak plate and a rotary drive device for driving the rotating leak plate to rotate, the fixed leak plate is fixed in the mixing barrel and divides the mixing barrel into a first chamber and a second chamber distributed up and down, the rotating leak plate and the fixed leak plate are overlapped and fit together and can rotate relative to each other, the rotating leak plate is provided with a first leak hole, and the fixed leak plate is provided with a second leak hole aligned with the first leak hole, the rotating leak plate is driven to rotate by the rotary drive device to control the misalignment or alignment of the first leak hole and the second leak hole.
[0014] Preferably, the second stirring device includes a second stirring drive device and a second stirring rod assembled on the second stirring drive device. In the initial state, the second leakage hole and the stirring rod are offset. Each time the stirring drive device is shut down, the stirring rod is reset to a rotation angle position that is offset from the second leakage hole.
[0015] Preferably, the conveying equipment includes a storage hopper and a conveying pipe, a conveying channel is formed in the conveying pipe, and the conveying channel connects the bottom of the storage hopper with the top of the corresponding melting barrel.
[0016] Preferably, the proportional mechanism includes a U-shaped plate and a transverse driving device for driving the U-shaped plate to move, the U-shaped plate includes a first baffle and a second baffle distributed up and down, the conveying channel is provided with a first slide slot hole for the first baffle to pass through, and a second slide slot hole for the second baffle to pass through, the first baffle is provided with a first through hole, and the second baffle is provided with a first weighing plate and a second through hole along its long side direction, the first through hole is opposite to the first weighing plate, and the second through hole is staggered with the first through hole.
[0017] Preferably, the second baffle is provided with a first weighing plate, a second weighing plate and a second through hole along its long side direction, and the second weighing plate is located between the first weighing plate and the second through hole.
[0018] Preferably, in the initial state or the unloading state, the first baffle blocks the conveying channel, and the second through hole communicates with the conveying channel;
[0019] In the weighing state, the transverse driving device drives the U-shaped plate to move so that the first through hole communicates with the conveying channel, and the first weighing plate coincides with the conveying channel;
[0020] In the reweighing state, the transverse driving device drives the U-shaped plate to move, so that the first baffle blocks the conveying channel, and the second weighing plate coincides with the conveying channel.
[0021] On the other hand, the present invention discloses a feeding method using the feeding device of the above-mentioned twin-screw extruder, which adopts the following technical solution:
[0022] A feeding method using a feeding device of a twin-screw extruder comprises the following steps:
[0023] S1. Material preparation: different material particles are poured into the corresponding conveying equipment respectively to complete the storage and preparation of the material particles;
[0024] S2. First homogenization: activating the proportioning mechanism in each of the conveying devices to convey different material particles according to the set weight into the corresponding melting barrel, activating the heating device in the melting barrel to heat and melt the material particles, and simultaneously activating the first stirring device in the melting barrel to uniformly stir the material particles for the first time;
[0025] S3, second homogenization: Initially, the opening and closing mechanism is used to control the first chamber and the second chamber to be closed, and the material in one of the melting barrels is transferred to the first chamber of the mixing barrel. After the first material is leveled in the first chamber, the opening and closing mechanism is used to control the leak hole to open and connect the first chamber and the second chamber, so that the first material flows evenly to the bottom of the second chamber. Then, the opening and closing mechanism is activated again to control the first chamber and the second chamber to be closed, and the material in the other melting barrel is transferred to the first chamber of the mixing barrel. After the second material is leveled in the first chamber, the opening and closing mechanism is used to control the leak hole to open and connect the first chamber and the second chamber, so that the second material evenly covers the first material, thereby forming a stacking effect.
[0026] S4, third homogenization: after N different materials are stacked in the second chamber of the mixing barrel, the second stirring device is started to mix and stir the various materials to complete a stacking and homogenization mixing cycle, and then the second stirring device is stopped;
[0027] S5. Nth homogenization: repeat steps S2-S4 until the predetermined amount of water is filled into the mixing barrel.
[0028] Preferably, after completing each lamination homogenization mixing cycle step, a detection step is added to compare the transmittance of the mixture of multiple materials with the expected transmittance. After the uniformity of the multiple materials meets the standard, the next lamination homogenization mixing cycle is carried out until N lamination homogenization mixing cycles are completed. After the uniformity of the multiple materials is detected to meet the standard, the materials in the mixing barrel are transported to the extruder.
[0029] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has at least the following beneficial effects:
[0030] The present invention provides multiple sets of conveying equipment and multiple sets of melting barrels for matching different materials, so that materials with different melting temperatures can be heated to a molten homogeneous state, completing the first homogenization. By providing a mixing barrel with a first chamber and a second chamber distributed above and below, and providing an opening and closing mechanism that can connect or close a number of leak holes between the first chamber and the second chamber, the materials are "discharged in small portions multiple times", and the different materials are intercepted and discharged in sequence to achieve a second homogenization of "leveling and overlapping". Finally, the multiple different materials in the stacked state are stirred and mixed to achieve a third homogenization. The three homogenizations constitute a small stacked homogenization mixing cycle, and the proportional mechanism is used to divide the different materials into multiple "equally proportional small portions" according to a preset ratio to complete multiple stacked homogenization mixing cycles. The organic coordinated operation of the conveying equipment, the proportional mechanism, the melting barrel, the mixing barrel, and the opening and closing mechanism greatly improves the mixing speed and mixing uniformity of the multiple different materials, greatly avoids the problem of local overheating and denaturation or local insufficient melting caused by inconsistent melting temperatures of the two materials, and significantly improves the extrusion yield of the product of the extruder. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0031] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention;
[0032] Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view of the conveying device of the present invention;
[0033] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the U-shaped plate of the present invention;
[0034] Figure 4 A partial cross-sectional view of a mixing barrel of the present invention;
[0035] Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of the fixed bushing of the present invention;
[0036] Figure 6 It is a structural schematic diagram of the rotating bushing of the present invention;
[0037] Figure 7 It is a cross-sectional view of the mixing barrel of the present invention.
[0038] Description of Figure Numbers:
[0039] 1. Control box; 11. Extruder; 12. Support frame; 13. Fixed pipe; 14. Fixed plate frame; 15. Mixing barrel; 151. Transparent cover; 152. Second heating device; 153. Transmittance detection sensor; 154. Third heating device; 16. First stirring device; 17. Second stirring device; 18. First vertical pipeline; 181. First heating line; 182. First melting barrel; 1821. First heating device; 183. First conveying device; 1831. Storage hopper; 1832. Conveying channel; 1833. First chute hole; 1834. Second chute Slot hole; 19, second vertical pipe; 191, second heating line; 192, second melting barrel; 193, second conveying equipment; 2, opening and closing mechanism; 21, rotary drive device; 22, rotating shaft; 23, rotating leak plate; 231, first leak hole; 24, fixed leak plate; 241, second leak hole; 242, rotating pipe; 3, first proportional mechanism; 31, T-shaped fixing frame; 32, electric push rod; 33, push rod; 34, U-shaped plate; 341, first through hole; 342, second through hole; 343, first weighing plate; 344, second weighing plate; 4, second proportional mechanism. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0040] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
[0041] This embodiment discloses a feeding device for a twin-screw extruder, referring to Figure 1-7 The invention comprises a control box 1, with an extruder 11 disposed on one side thereof. A support frame 12 is disposed on the lower surface of the extruder 11 and on the lower end surface of the control box 1. A fixed pipe 13 is connected to the upper surface of one end of the extruder 11. A mixing barrel 15 is welded to the upper end of the fixed pipe 13. A melting valve is installed in the fixed pipe 13. A fixed plate 14 is bolted to the lower end surface of the mixing barrel 15. The lower end surface of the fixed plate 14 is fixedly connected to the upper end surface of the control box 1. The mixing barrel 15 is divided into a first chamber and a second chamber, which are distributed vertically. The first and second chambers are connected by a plurality of leak holes. An opening and closing mechanism 2 is provided for controlling the sealing or conduction of the leak holes. The second chamber is connected to the feed end above the extruder 11. A second stirring device 17 is disposed in the second chamber.
[0042] In this embodiment, the opening and closing mechanism 2 includes a fixed leak plate 24, a rotating leak plate 23 and a rotating drive device 21 for driving the rotating leak plate 23 to rotate. The outer ring surface of the fixed leak plate 24 is fixedly connected to the upper part of the mixing barrel 15, thereby dividing the mixing barrel 15 into a first chamber and a second chamber distributed up and down. The rotating drive device 21 is connected to the middle of the upper end surface of the mixing barrel 15 by setting a bearing frame, and the output end of the rotating drive device 21 is connected to the rotating shaft 22. A rotating pipe 242 is welded to the middle of the upper end surface of the fixed leak plate 24. The rotating pipe 242 The upper end is fixed to the middle of the upper end surface of the mixing barrel 15, and the outer side surface of the rotating shaft 22 is rotatably fitted in the rotating pipe 242. The lower end of the rotating shaft 22 is fixed to the rotating leakage plate 23, and the upper end surface of the rotating leakage plate 23 is overlapped and fitted with the lower end surface of the fixed leakage plate 24. A first leakage hole 231 is opened at an annular equal angle inside the rotating leakage plate 23, and a second leakage hole 241 aligned with the first leakage hole 231 is opened at an annular equal angle inside the fixed leakage plate 24. The rotating leakage plate 23 is driven to rotate by the rotary drive device 21 to control the misalignment or alignment of the first leakage hole 231 and the second leakage hole 241. When the first leak hole 231 and the second leak hole 241 are misaligned, the bottom of the first chamber is sealed, creating a storage space for the material. The material flowing from the melting barrel into the first chamber can flow and spread evenly along the sealed bottom of the first chamber until the material in the melting barrel has spread evenly to the bottom of the first chamber. The rotating leak plate 23 is then driven to align the first leak hole 231 with the second leak hole 241, so that the spread material falls evenly across the bottom of the second chamber and forms a uniform layer. Then, using the same steps, another material is evenly flowed into the second chamber, so that the second material covers the first material, thereby creating an overlapping effect. This solution, based on in-depth research into the properties of molten materials, proposes a special method of "multiple equal-sized, small-amount dispensing plus intercepted, overlapping dispensing." This method avoids problems such as inconsistent melting states and localized overheating that can lead to material degradation or denaturation during the mixing process. By pre-aligning the two materials, the uniformity of the mixing of the two materials can be further improved during the subsequent mixing process, accelerating the mixing speed and thus improving practicality and efficiency. In addition, when the first leakage hole 231 and the second leakage hole 241 are misaligned and the first chamber forms a storage space with a sealed bottom, the materials in the first vertical pipe 18 and the second vertical pipe 19 will be intercepted by the storage space. At this time, the workers can clean the extruder 11 in time. By sealing the fixed leakage plate 24 and the rotating leakage plate 23, the waste of materials can be avoided, and the problem of large amounts of materials leaking out can be avoided, thereby reducing the burden of manual cleaning.
[0043] In this embodiment, the second stirring device 17 includes a second stirring drive device and a second stirring rod mounted on the second stirring drive device. In the initial state, the second leakage hole 241 is offset from the stirring rod. Each time the stirring drive device is shut down, the stirring rod is reset to a rotation angle position offset from the second leakage hole 241. In this way, when the material falls downward, it falls directly onto the bottom of the mixing barrel 15 and does not fall onto the mixing rod of the second stirring device 17, thereby achieving a better material spreading effect.
[0044] In this embodiment, a first vertical pipe 18 and a second vertical pipe 19 are welded to the top of the first chamber of the mixing barrel 15. A first melting barrel 182 is welded to the upper end of the first vertical pipe 18, and a second melting barrel 192 is welded to the upper end of the second vertical pipe 19. Melt valves are installed at the top of each of the first and second vertical pipes 18 and 19. The bottoms of the first and second melting barrels 182 and 192 are bolted to the upper end of the fixed plate frame 14. Both melting barrels are equipped with a first stirring device 16 and a first heating device 1821. The first stirring device 16 in the melting barrels includes a first stirring drive device, a timing belt mounted at the output end of the first stirring drive device, and a first stirring rod mounted within the melting barrels. The timing belt drives the first stirring rod to rotate. The output end of the first stirring drive device can be equipped with two timing belts to drive the first stirring rods in both melting barrels. The first heating device 1821 in the melting barrels is a heating ring mounted outside the melting barrels.
[0045] In this embodiment, in order to avoid the problem of solidification due to interception, a first heating wire 181 is wound around the outer side of the first vertical pipe 18, and a second heating wire 191 is wound around the outer side of the second vertical pipe 19. The first heating wire 181 and the second heating wire 191 are used to heat the materials in the first vertical pipe 18 and the second vertical pipe 19, so that the materials can be better maintained in a molten state, which can effectively avoid the solidification problem.
[0046] In this embodiment, a transparent cover 151 is provided within the mixing barrel 15. A first chamber and a second chamber are disposed within the transparent cover 151 (specifically, a glass cover). The first chamber is provided with a second heating device 152, with several second heating devices 152 arranged at equal angular intervals in a circle around the top of the mixing barrel 15. The second chamber is provided with a third heating device 154, with several third heating devices 154 arranged at equal angular intervals in a circle around the inner side of the transparent cover. A detection space is formed between the inner surface of the mixing barrel 15 and the outer surface of the transparent cover 151. Light transmittance detection sensors 153 are arranged equidistantly along the inner surface of the mixing barrel 15, with one end of each light transmittance detection sensor 153 facing the second chamber within the transparent cover 151. By arranging multiple transmittance detection sensors 153 in the detection space, the transmittance of the mixture of two materials can be compared with the expected transmittance using the multiple transmittance detection sensors 153 (wherein, the multiple transmittance detection sensors 153 can detect the transmittance of the mixture of two materials at multiple positions, and after detection, the average value of the multiple transmittances is compared with the expected transmittance), so the uniformity of the two materials can be accurately detected.
[0047] Reference Figure 1 A first conveying device 183 is welded to one side of the upper end of the first melting barrel 182, while a second conveying device 193 is welded to one side of the upper end of the second melting barrel 192. These conveying devices are used to transport raw materials to their respective melting barrels. The first and second conveying devices 183 and 193 are respectively equipped with a first proportional mechanism 3 and a second proportional mechanism 4, which are used to control the amount of raw materials transported.
[0048] In this embodiment, the first conveying device 183 includes a storage hopper 1831 and a conveying pipe. A conveying channel 1832 is formed within the conveying pipe, connecting the bottom of the storage hopper 1831 with the top of the corresponding melting tank. The storage hopper 1831 allows for large amounts of material to be stored within it, which is then automatically unloaded and proportionally controlled by the first proportional mechanism 3. The first conveying device 183 and the second conveying device 193 share the same structure.
[0049] In this embodiment, the first proportional mechanism 3 includes a U-shaped plate 34 and a transverse driving device for driving the U-shaped plate 34 to move. The transverse driving device includes a T-shaped fixing frame 31. The upper end surface of the T-shaped fixing frame 31 is fixedly connected to an electric push rod 32. The output end of the electric push rod 32 is connected to a push rod 33. One end of the push rod 33 is fixedly connected to the U-shaped plate 34. The U-shaped plate 34 includes a first baffle and a second baffle distributed up and down. The conveying channel 1832 is provided with a first slide hole 1833 for the first baffle to pass through, and a second slide hole 1834 for the second baffle to pass through. The second baffle plate extends through the second chute hole 1834. The first baffle plate is provided with a first through-hole 341 (the diameter of the first through-hole 341 is much smaller than the inner diameter of the conveying channel 1832). The second baffle plate is provided with a first weighing plate 343, a second weighing plate 344, and a second through-hole 342 along its longitudinal direction. The second weighing plate 344 is located between the first weighing plate 343 and the second through-hole 342. The first through-hole 341 is directly opposite the first weighing plate 343, while the second through-hole 342 and the second weighing plate 344 are staggered relative to the first through-hole 341. The first proportional mechanism 3 and the second proportional mechanism 4 have the same structure.
[0050] In the initial state, the first baffle of the U-shaped plate 34 blocks the conveying channel 1832, and the second through hole 342 is connected to the conveying channel 1832. By blocking the U-shaped plate 34, the material in the storage bucket 1831 is effectively prevented from falling downward. When the material in the storage bucket 1831 falls onto the first weighing plate 343 along the conveying channel 1832, the first baffle plate 343 blocks the upper end of the conveying channel 1832. At this time, the material weight is reviewed. In the review state, the second weighing plate 344 is in the conveying channel 1832, and the edge of the second weighing plate 344 overlaps in the conveying channel 1832. The material that has reached the predetermined weight will fall onto the upper end surface of the second weighing plate 344, and the second weighing plate 344 will be weighed again (at this time, the electric push rod 32 is stopped) to ensure that the material can reach the predetermined weight. After the material has reached the predetermined weight under the weighing of the second weighing plate 344, the electric push rod 32 is started again to drive the U-shaped plate 34 to continue moving, thereby entering the unloading state; in the unloading state, the second through hole 342 of the U-shaped plate 34 is connected to the conveying channel 1832. After reaching the predetermined weight, the material will pass through the second through hole 342 and fall to the lower end of the conveying channel 1832, thereby falling into the first chamber of the mixing barrel 15. By adopting the above design, it is helpful to ensure the precise control of the proportion of materials and the precise control of the different proportions of the two materials. Furthermore, there is no need for manual weighing or reciprocating loading and unloading of materials, which effectively reduces the workload of manual labor, improves work performance and practicality, and increases multifunctionality.
[0051] This embodiment also discloses a feeding method using the feeding device of the twin-screw extruder, comprising the following steps:
[0052] S1. Material preparation: Pour two different material particles into the first conveying device 183 and the second conveying device 193 respectively to complete the storage and preparation of the material particles;
[0053] S2. First homogenization: Start the first proportional mechanism 3 in the first conveying device 183, and the electric push rod 32 drives the U-shaped plate 34 to move to one side until the first through hole 341 is connected to the conveying channel 1832. At the same time, the first weighing plate 343 completely overlaps with the conveying channel 1832. At this time, the electric push rod 32 is stopped, and the material in the storage bucket 1831 falls onto the first weighing plate 343 along the conveying channel 1832 and is weighed by the first weighing plate 343. When it is about to reach the predetermined weight range, the electric push rod 32 is started again to drive the U-shaped plate 34 to move in the opposite direction. At this time, the material that has reached the predetermined weight will fall onto the second weighing plate 344, and the second weighing plate 344 will be weighed again. After the measured material has reached the predetermined weight, the electric push rod 32 is started again to drive the U-shaped plate 34 to continue moving, so that the U The second through hole 342 at the lower portion of the mold plate 34 is connected to the conveying channel 1832, allowing the material of a predetermined weight to fall into the first melting barrel 182. This helps ensure accurate control of the material ratio and accurately controls the difference in the ratio of the two materials, effectively enhancing the homogenization of the two materials. Through the precise proportional control of the first proportional mechanism 3, the material falls into the first melting barrel 182, the first heating device 1821 is activated to heat the first melting barrel 182, and the first stirring device 16 is activated to stir the material inside the first melting barrel 182, so that the material in the first melting barrel 182 is evenly melted. Similarly, the second proportional mechanism 4 in the second conveying device 193 is activated to quantitatively weigh the material and melt and stir it to homogenize it, completing the first uniform stirring of the two different materials.
[0054] S3. Second homogenization: Initially, the rotary drive device 21 of the opening and closing mechanism 2 is started to drive the original states of the first leakage hole 231 on the rotating leakage plate 23 and the second leakage hole 241 on the fixed leakage plate 24 to be cross-displaced, so that the first chamber and the second chamber are in a closed state. Then, the solenoid valve is opened to allow the material in the first melting barrel 182 to flow downward into the first vertical pipe 18. The material flows along the first vertical pipe 18 into the first chamber of the mixing barrel 15 and falls on the upper end surface of the fixed leakage plate 24 for storage. The second heating device 152 is started to heat the material to keep it in a melted state. After the material is transported and fully leveled on the fixed leakage plate 24, the rotary drive device 21 is started to drive the rotating leakage plate 23 to rotate 30°, so that the second leakage hole 241 and the first leakage hole are aligned. 231 overlap, and the stored material flows into the second chamber of the mixing barrel 15, and forms a layer at the bottom of the second chamber of the mixing barrel 15; then, the rotary drive device 21 is started again to drive the rotating leakage plate 23 to rotate 30 degrees, so that the rotating leakage plate 23 and the fixed leakage plate 24 are in the original state, so that the first chamber and the second chamber are in a closed state. At this time, another material is transported through the second vertical pipe 19 and allowed to flow to the upper end surface of the fixed leakage plate 24. Then, the opening and closing mechanism 2 is started to make the first leakage hole 231 and the second leakage hole 241 overlap, thereby connecting the first chamber and the second chamber, so that the second material falls evenly into the second chamber and is evenly covered on the first material, thereby forming an overlapping effect, further improving the homogenization of the two materials;
[0055] S4, third homogenization: After the two materials are stacked in the second chamber of the mixing barrel 15, the second stirring device 17 is started to mix and stir the various materials to complete a stacking and homogenizing mixing cycle. The second stirring device 17 is then stopped, and the second stirring rod of the second stirring device 17 is reset to its initial state, misaligned with the leak hole;
[0056] S5. Detection: During the mixing process of the two materials, the third heating device 154 is activated to keep the two materials in a melting state. At the same time, the transmittance detection sensor 153 is used to compare the average transmittance of the mixed two materials with the expected transmittance to determine whether the mixture is uniform.
[0057] S6, Nth homogenization: After the uniformity of the two materials reaches the standard, the next layered homogenization mixing cycle is carried out, and steps S2-S5 are repeated. After each material overlapping work, stirring work and detection work are carried out in sequence until the predetermined amount of material is loaded into the mixing barrel 15, and N layered homogenization mixing cycles are completed. The two materials overlapped multiple times are stirred by the mixing rod, which can speed up the mixing speed of the two materials and improve the mixing uniformity.
[0058] S7, detection: When the material loaded into the mixing barrel 15 reaches the predetermined amount, the transmittance detection sensor 153 is used to compare the average transmittance of the mixture of the two materials with the expected transmittance. After the uniformity of the two materials meets the standard, the overlapping and stirring operations are stopped, and the materials are transported to the extruder 11 through the fixed pipe 13 for extrusion.
[0059] The principle of this solution is: in order to solve the problem of poor mixing uniformity of two or more different materials due to inconsistent melting temperatures, this solution sets up multiple groups of melting barrels and multiple groups of conveying equipment that match different materials. The proportion mechanism in the conveying equipment can weigh and convey the corresponding materials according to the set proportion, and the first stirring device 16 and the first heating device 1821 of the melting barrel pre-melt and homogenize the different materials, so that the materials with different melting temperatures can be heated to a molten homogenous state, completing the first homogenization; by setting up a mixing barrel 15 with a first chamber and a second chamber distributed up and down, the different materials are transported to the first chamber in turn and intercepted to make them leveled. After leveling, the opening and closing mechanism 2 is used to control the flow between the first chamber and the second chamber. Several leakage holes are connected, so that the material flows down evenly and is spread flat on the bottom of the second chamber. Different materials are intercepted and spread flat in batches, thus completing the second homogenization in the form of "pre-laminated". Finally, the laminated material in the second chamber is stirred evenly by the second stirring device 17 to complete the third homogenization. Different materials are homogenized three times in the form of "small portions" as a laminated homogenization mixing cycle, and then multiple laminated homogenization mixing cycles are carried out in the form of "multiple times". This not only speeds up the mixing speed of multiple different materials, but also greatly improves the mixing uniformity of different materials, greatly avoids the problem of local overheating and denaturation or local insufficient melting caused by inconsistent melting temperatures of two materials, and greatly improves the extrusion yield of the extruder products.
[0060] The technical solution provided by the present invention is introduced in detail above. Specific examples are used herein to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the present invention. The description of the above embodiments is only used to help understand the method of the present invention and its core idea. At the same time, for those skilled in the art, according to the idea of the present invention, there may be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope. In summary, the content of this specification should not be understood as limiting the present invention.
Claims
1. A feeding device for a twin-screw extruder, comprising an extruder (11), characterized in that: Also includes: A mixing barrel (15) is provided, wherein the mixing barrel (15) is divided into a first chamber and a second chamber distributed in an upper and lower direction, the first chamber and the second chamber are connected by a plurality of leakage holes, and an opening and closing mechanism (2) is provided for controlling the sealing or conduction of the plurality of leakage holes, a second stirring device (17) is provided in the second chamber, and the second chamber is connected to the feed end above the extruder (11); at least two melting barrels, each of which is provided with a first stirring device (16) and a first heating device (1821), and the melting barrels are connected to the top of the first chamber; At least two conveying devices are connected to the melting barrels in a one-to-one correspondence. The conveying devices are used to convey the raw materials to the corresponding melting barrels. The conveying devices are provided with a proportional mechanism for controlling the conveying amount of the raw materials.
2. The feeding device of the twin-screw extruder according to claim 1, characterized in that A transparent cover (151) is provided inside the mixing barrel (15), and the second chamber is provided inside the transparent cover (151). A detection space is formed between the outer side of the transparent cover (151) and the inner side of the mixing barrel (15). A plurality of light transmittance detection sensors (153) are provided inside the detection space, and the light transmittance detection sensors (153) are directly opposite to the second chamber.
3. The feeding device of the twin-screw extruder according to claim 2, characterized in that A second heating device (152) is provided in the first chamber, and a plurality of the second heating devices (152) are arranged at equal angular intervals in a ring shape on the inner top of the mixing barrel (15); a third heating device (154) is provided in the second chamber, and a plurality of the third heating devices (154) are arranged at equal angular intervals in a ring shape on the inner side surface of the transparent cover.
4. The feeding device of the twin-screw extruder according to claim 1, characterized in that The opening and closing mechanism (2) comprises a fixed leakage plate (24), a rotating leakage plate (23) and a rotary drive device (21) for driving the rotating leakage plate (23) to rotate. The fixed leakage plate (24) is fixed in a mixing barrel (15) and divides the mixing barrel (15) into a first chamber and a second chamber distributed up and down. The rotating leakage plate (23) and the fixed leakage plate (24) are superimposed and fit together and can rotate relative to each other. The rotating leakage plate (23) is provided with a first leakage hole (231). The fixed leakage plate (24) is provided with a second leakage hole (241) aligned with the first leakage hole (231). The rotating leakage plate (23) is driven to rotate by the rotary drive device (21) to control the misalignment or alignment of the first leakage hole (231) and the second leakage hole (241).
5. The feeding device of the twin-screw extruder according to claim 4, characterized in that The second stirring device (17) includes a second stirring drive device and a second stirring rod assembled on the second stirring drive device. In an initial state, the second leakage hole (241) is offset from the stirring rod. Each time the stirring drive device is shut down, the stirring rod is reset to a rotation angle position offset from the second leakage hole (241).
6. The feeding device of the twin-screw extruder according to claim 1, characterized in that The conveying device includes a storage bucket (1831) and a conveying pipe, wherein a conveying channel (1832) is formed in the conveying pipe, and the conveying channel (1832) connects the bottom of the storage bucket (1831) with the top of the corresponding melting barrel; The proportional mechanism includes a U-shaped plate (34) and a transverse driving device for driving the U-shaped plate (34) to move. The U-shaped plate (34) includes a first baffle and a second baffle distributed above and below. A first slide slot hole (1833) for the first baffle to pass through, and a second slide slot hole (1834) for the second baffle to pass through are provided in the conveying channel (1832). The first baffle is provided with a first through hole (341). The second baffle is provided with a first weighing plate (343) and a second through hole (342) along its long side direction. The first through hole (341) is opposite to the first weighing plate (343), and the second through hole (342) is staggered with the first through hole (341).
7. The feeding device of the twin-screw extruder according to claim 6, characterized in that The second baffle is provided with a first weighing plate (343), a second weighing plate (344) and a second through hole (342) along its long side direction, and the second weighing plate (344) is located between the first weighing plate (343) and the second through hole (342).
8. The feeding device of the twin-screw extruder according to claim 7, characterized in that In the initial state or the unloading state, the first baffle blocks the conveying channel (1832), and the second through hole (342) is in communication with the conveying channel (1832); In the weighing state, the transverse driving device drives the U-shaped plate (34) to move, so that the first through hole (341) is connected to the conveying channel (1832), and the first weighing plate (343) coincides with the conveying channel (1832); In the re-weighing state, the transverse driving device drives the U-shaped plate (34) to move, so that the first baffle blocks the conveying channel (1832), and the second weighing plate (344) overlaps with the conveying channel (1832).
9. A feeding method using the feeding device of the twin-screw extruder according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. Material preparation: different material particles are poured into the corresponding conveying equipment respectively to complete the storage and preparation of the material particles; S2, first homogenization: starting the proportioning mechanism in each of the conveying devices to convey different material particles into the corresponding melting barrels according to the set weight, starting the heating device in the melting barrel to heat and melt the material particles, and simultaneously starting the first stirring device (16) in the melting barrel to uniformly stir the material particles for the first time; S3, second homogenization: initially, the opening and closing mechanism (2) is used to control the first chamber and the second chamber to be in a closed state, and the material in one of the melting barrels is transported to the first chamber of the mixing barrel (15). After the first material is leveled in the first chamber, the opening and closing mechanism (2) is used to control the opening of the leak hole to connect the first chamber and the second chamber, so that the first material flows evenly to the bottom of the second chamber; then, the opening and closing mechanism (2) is started again to control the closing of the first chamber and the second chamber, and then the material in the other melting barrel is transported to the first chamber of the mixing barrel (15). After the second material is leveled in the first chamber, the opening and closing mechanism (2) is used to control the opening of the leak hole to connect the first chamber and the second chamber, so that the second material evenly covers the first material, thereby forming a stacking effect; S4, third homogenization: after N different materials are stacked in the second chamber of the mixing barrel (15), the second stirring device (17) is started to mix and stir the various materials to complete a stacking and homogenization mixing cycle, and then the second stirring device (17) is stopped; S5, Nth homogenization: repeat steps S2-S4 until the predetermined amount of the mixing barrel (15) is filled.
10. The feeding method using a feeding device of a twin-screw extruder according to claim 9, characterized in that: After completing each lamination homogenization mixing cycle, a detection step is added to compare the transmittance of the mixture of multiple materials with the expected transmittance. After the uniformity of the multiple materials meets the standard, the next lamination homogenization mixing cycle is carried out until N lamination homogenization mixing cycles are completed. After the uniformity of the multiple materials meets the standard, the materials in the mixing barrel (15) are transported to the extruder (11).