Vehicle body structure and vehicle

Abstract

The invention provides a vehicle body structure and a vehicle. The vehicle body structure comprises a floor assembly and an anti-collision device. The anti-collision device is arranged on the floor assembly, a plurality of rigid areas arranged in the front-back direction of the automobile body are formed on the floor assembly, the rigidity of the rigid areas is different, and the anti-collision device can be induced to turn upwards in the rear collision process. Through distribution of the rigid areas with different rigidities, directional conduction of collision energy is achieved, the anti-collision device is guided to overturn upwards, the collision path of the rigid part of the vehicle is avoided, and the collision stability is improved. Meanwhile, a time window is provided for power failure of a high-voltage module in the vehicle, and the vehicle collision safety is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of vehicles, and in particular to a vehicle body structure and a vehicle. Background Art

[0002] In recent years, with the rapid development of new energy vehicles, the number of various electrical components has continued to increase. This has led to increasing user safety requirements for these components, particularly for anti-collision devices equipped with high-voltage electrical components. In particular, during high-speed collisions, anti-collision devices must maintain their integrity and prevent high-voltage short circuits, leakage, and fire.

[0003] However, in the event of a high-speed rear-end collision, existing vehicles often have anti-collision devices positioned behind the rear seats, which can collide with chassis components or the rear seats, causing damage and malfunction, potentially leading to fires and resulting in property damage and life-threatening consequences for occupants. Vehicles with anti-collision devices at the rear, especially those with short rear overhangs, can only meet safety requirements for low- and medium-speed rear-end collisions, posing a greater risk in high-speed rear-end collisions.

[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to provide an improved vehicle body structure and vehicle to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The present application provides a vehicle body structure and a vehicle that are stable in collision and highly safe.

[0006] The present application provides a vehicle body structure, comprising: a floor assembly and an anti-collision device; the anti-collision device is arranged on the floor assembly, and a plurality of rigid zones are formed on the floor assembly along the front-to-rear direction of the vehicle body, wherein the plurality of rigid zones have different rigidities, and the anti-collision device can be induced to flip upward in the event of a rear collision.

[0007] Furthermore, the multiple rigid zones include a first rigid zone, a second rigid zone and a third rigid zone arranged in sequence from rear to front; the rigidity of the first rigid zone and the third rigid zone is greater than that of the second rigid zone; the front part of the anti-collision device is fixed to the second rigid zone, and the rear part of the anti-collision device is fixed to the first rigid zone; during a rear collision, the second rigid zone arches upward relative to the first rigid zone.

[0008] Furthermore, the floor assembly includes a floor body, a floor beam and a reinforcement plate assembly; the floor beam is arranged on the front side of the floor body; the floor body includes a front part and a middle and rear part of the body, and the reinforcement plate assembly is arranged below the middle and rear part of the body; the reinforcement plate assembly and the middle and rear part of the body form the first rigid zone, the floor beam forms the third rigid zone, and the front part of the body forms the second rigid zone.

[0009] Furthermore, the reinforcement plate assembly includes a reinforcement plate, which forms a circumferentially closed cavity with the middle and rear part of the body; and / or, the reinforcement plate assembly, the floor beam and the front part of the body together form a space located below the front part of the body.

[0010] Furthermore, the reinforcement plate assembly also includes a plurality of connection brackets arranged on the reinforcement plate, and the peripheral side of the reinforcement plate is provided with a flange protruding upward.

[0011] Furthermore, the vehicle body structure also includes rear sections of the rear longitudinal beams arranged on both sides of the floor assembly and a rear panel arranged on the rear side of the floor assembly; the multiple connecting brackets are respectively connected to the floor assembly, the rear sections of the rear longitudinal beams and the rear panel.

[0012] Furthermore, the reinforcement plate assembly is a sheet metal part; and / or, a plurality of mounting frames are integrally formed on the floor body, and the anti-collision device is fixed on the plurality of mounting frames; the height of the plurality of mounting frames is greater than half of the height of the anti-collision device.

[0013] Furthermore, the anti-collision device and the floor assembly are both arranged horizontally; and the floor body is a flat plate structure.

[0014] Furthermore, the front of the anti-collision device is higher than the rear of the anti-collision device; the multiple rigid zones include a first rigid zone and a second rigid zone arranged in sequence from rear to front, the rigidity of the first rigid zone is less than that of the second rigid zone; the front of the anti-collision device is located in the second rigid zone, and the rear of the anti-collision device is located in the first rigid zone; during a rear collision, the first rigid zone sinks relative to the second rigid zone.

[0015] Furthermore, the floor assembly includes a floor body and a guide bracket fixed to the floor body, the anti-collision device is fixed to the guide bracket, and the guide bracket includes a first bending portion arranged at the rear of the anti-collision device and a flat plate portion supporting the anti-collision device; the multiple rigid zones include a first rigid zone with smaller rigidity formed by the first bending portion and a second rigid zone with larger rigidity formed by the flat plate portion; during a rear collision, the first rigid zone bends and sinks relative to the second rigid zone.

[0016] Furthermore, the anti-collision device is a high-voltage electrical module; and a rear seat is provided in front of the anti-collision device.

[0017] The present application also provides a vehicle, comprising the vehicle body structure as described above.

[0018] This application achieves directional conduction of collision energy by distributing rigid zones of varying stiffness, guiding the anti-collision device to flip upward, avoiding the impact path of the vehicle's rigid components and improving collision stability. It also provides a time window for de-energizing the vehicle's high-voltage module, enhancing vehicle collision safety. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 is a cross-sectional view of a vehicle body structure according to an exemplary embodiment of the present application.

[0020] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 A partial cross-sectional view of the vehicle body structure is shown.

[0021] Figure 3 It is a bottom view of the vehicle body structure of the present application.

[0022] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the force transmission between the vehicle body structure and obstacles of this application.

[0023] Figure 5 It is a partial top view of the vehicle body structure of the present application.

[0024] Figure 6 It is a three-dimensional diagram of the assembled floor body and anti-collision device of the vehicle body structure of the present application.

[0025] Figure 7 yes Figure 6 A three-dimensional view of the floor body and the anti-collision device after assembly from another perspective is shown.

[0026] Figure 8 It is an exploded schematic diagram of the floor body and anti-collision device of the vehicle body structure of the present application.

[0027] Figure 9 yes Figure 8 The figure shows an exploded schematic diagram of the floor body and the anti-collision device from another perspective.

[0028] Figure 10 It is a top view of the assembled reinforcement plate and connecting bracket of the vehicle body structure of the present application.

[0029] Figure 11 yes Figure 10 A three-dimensional view of the reinforcement plate and the connecting bracket after assembly is shown.

[0030] Figure 12 It is a perspective view of the reinforcement plate of the vehicle body structure of the present application.

[0031] Figure 13 yes Figure 3 A partial bottom view of the vehicle body structure is shown.

[0032] Figure 14 yes Figure 13A perspective view of the vehicle body structure shown at the mounting bracket.

[0033] Figure 15 It is a perspective view of a vehicle body structure according to another embodiment of the present application.

[0034] Figure 16 yes Figure 15 Bottom view of the guide bracket of the vehicle body structure is shown.

[0035] Figure 17 It is a perspective view of a vehicle body structure according to yet another embodiment of the present application.

[0036] Figure 18 yes Figure 17 A top view of the vehicle body structure of the illustrated embodiment.

[0037] Description of Figure Numbers:

[0038] 1, 1', 1" - floor assembly; 100, 100', 100" - rigid area; 101, 101', 101" - first rigid area; 1011' - first rib; 1012' - vertical surface; 102, 102', 102" - second rigid area; 1021' - second rib; 1022' - fixed surface; 103 - third rigid area; 104 - space; 10, 10', 10" - floor body; 11 - body front; 12 - body middle and rear; 13 - mounting bracket; 131 - mounting hole; 20 - floor beam; 21 - beam cavity; 22 - triangular reinforcement rib; 30 - reinforcement plate assembly; 301 - cavity; 31 - reinforcement plate; 311 - flange; 312 - reinforcement plate body; 3121 - weight reduction hole; 3 2-connecting bracket; 321-left front connecting bracket; 3211-connecting hole; 322-left rear connecting bracket; 3221-connecting hole; 323-front middle connecting bracket; 3231-connecting hole; 324-middle rear connecting bracket; 3241-connecting hole; 325-right middle connecting bracket; 3251-connecting hole; 326-right rear connecting bracket; 3261-connecting hole; 327-right front connecting bracket; 3271-connecting hole; 33-mounting bracket; 40-guide bracket; 41-first bending part; 42-flat plate part; 2, 2', 2"-anti-collision device; 201-connecting frame; 2011-connecting hole; 3, 3', 3"-rear section of rear longitudinal beam; 4, 4', 4"-rear panel; 5, 5', 5"-rear seats; 6-anti-collision beam. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] Here, the technical solutions in the embodiments (or "implementations") of the present application will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. When the following description refers to the drawings, unless otherwise indicated, the same numbers in different drawings represent the same or similar elements.

[0040] If there are terms related to directional indications or positional relationships in the embodiments of this application (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, inside, outside, top, bottom, center, vertical, horizontal, longitudinal, transverse, length, width, counterclockwise, clockwise, axial, radial, circumferential, etc.), such terms are only used to explain the relative positional relationship, movement, etc. between the components in a specific posture (as shown in the accompanying drawings); if the specific posture changes, the directional indication or positional relationship will also change accordingly. In addition, the terms "first" and "second" in the embodiments of this application are only used for the purpose of convenience of description and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0041] See also Figures 1 to 4 As shown, the present application provides a vehicle body structure, including a floor assembly 1, an anti-collision device 2, a rear longitudinal beam rear section 3, a rear panel 4, a rear seat 5 and an anti-collision beam 6. The floor assembly 1 extends along the length direction of the vehicle body. The anti-collision device 2 is arranged on the floor assembly 1. The rear longitudinal beam rear section 3 is arranged on both sides of the floor assembly 1. The rear panel 4 is arranged on the rear side of the floor assembly 1. The rear seat 5 is installed on the floor assembly 1 and is located in front of the anti-collision device 2. The anti-collision beam 6 is arranged on the rear side of the anti-collision device 2 and the rear panel 4. In the embodiment of the present application, the front side is the front side along the length direction of the vehicle body, the rear side is the rear side along the length direction of the vehicle body, and the two sides are the two sides along the width direction of the vehicle body.

[0042] The floor assembly 1 is formed with multiple rigid zones 100 arranged along the front-to-back direction of the vehicle body. These zones 100 have varying degrees of rigidity, inducing the anti-collision device 2 to flip upward during a rear-end collision. These zones include a first rigid zone 101, a second rigid zone 102, and a third rigid zone 103, arranged from rear to front. The first and third rigid zones 101 and 103 are more rigid than the second rigid zone 102. The front portion of the anti-collision device 2 is fixed to the second rigid zone 102, while the rear portion is fixed to the first rigid zone 101.

[0043] During a rear-end collision, the second rigid zone 102 arches upward relative to the first rigid zone 101. This preferential deformation and arching of the second rigid zone 102 drives the anti-collision device 2 upward, preventing direct transmission of rear impact to the vehicle's rigid components. Simultaneously, the stiffness gradient distribution achieves directional conduction of collision energy, inducing the anti-collision device 2 to tilt upward, avoiding the impact path of rigid components and providing a critical time window for high-voltage power outage.

[0044] According to the embodiments of this application, varying the stiffness of rigid zones can be achieved through local material changes, such as using aluminum alloy for high-rigidity zones and composite materials for low-rigidity zones. Furthermore, varying stiffness can also be achieved through topological optimization, such as combining a honeycomb-shaped weakened zone with a solid ribbed strengthened zone.

[0045] In some other embodiments, the second rigid region 102 may be provided with an inducing structure such as a crush groove to guide the precise arching of the second rigid region 102 .

[0046] Please also see Figures 5 to 9 The illustrated floor assembly 1 includes a floor body 10, a floor cross member 20, and a reinforcement plate assembly 30. The floor cross member 20 is positioned in front of the floor body 10. The floor body 10 includes a front portion 11 and a mid-rear portion 12. The reinforcement plate assembly 30 is positioned below the mid-rear portion 12. The reinforcement plate assembly 30 and the mid-rear portion 12 form a first rigid zone 101, the front portion 11 forms a second rigid zone 102, and the floor cross member 20 forms a third rigid zone 103. The reinforcement plate assembly 30 and the mid-rear portion 12 form a rigidity retention zone, while the front portion 11 serves as a crumple zone, collaboratively achieving a "flexible center, rigid sides" force distribution.

[0047] According to the embodiment of the present application, the floor body 10 is a flat plate structure and is made of plastic. The uniform load-bearing characteristics of the flat plate floor body 10 can reduce local stress. At the same time, the anti-collision device 2 is arranged horizontally to adapt to the space limitations of compact vehicles.

[0048] Several mounting brackets 13 are integrally formed on the floor body 10, and the anti-collision device 2 is fixed to the several mounting brackets 13. The height of the several mounting brackets 13 is greater than half the height of the anti-collision device 2. The mounting brackets 13 are provided with mounting holes 131. A plurality of connecting brackets 201 are provided around the periphery of the anti-collision device 2. The connecting brackets 201 correspond one-to-one with the mounting brackets 13 and are arranged above the mounting brackets 13. The connecting brackets 201 are provided with connecting holes 2011, which are aligned with the mounting holes 131. The fixing parts are assembled into the connecting holes 2011 and the mounting holes 131 to fix the connecting brackets 201 and the mounting brackets 13, thereby fixing the anti-collision device 2 to the floor body 10.

[0049] There are four mounting brackets 13, two of which are located on either side of the anti-collision device 2, and the remaining two are located on the rear side of the anti-collision device 2. Alternatively, the anti-collision device 2 can be secured using a three-point mounting system, with two mounting brackets 13 on either side of the anti-collision device 2 and one mounting bracket 13 on the rear side of the anti-collision device 2. This application does not impose any restrictions on the number of mounting brackets 13.

[0050] In some embodiments, the connection strength between the mounting brackets 13 and the connecting bracket 201 on either side of the anti-collision device 2 is weaker than the connection strength between the mounting brackets 13 and the connecting bracket 201 on the rear side of the anti-collision device 2. This makes it easier for the mounting brackets 13 and the connecting bracket 201 on either side of the anti-collision device 2 to separate during a collision. The second rigid region 102 is squeezed and arched upward after a collision. This difference in connection strength between the front and rear mounting brackets and the connecting bracket allows for orderly separation of the mounting points.

[0051] In some embodiments, the mounting brackets 13 and the connecting bracket 201 on both sides of the anti-collision device 2 can use low preload bolts to reduce the connection strength. The mounting bracket 13 and the connecting bracket 201 on the rear side of the anti-collision device 2 can be fixed by high-strength riveting or welding.

[0052] According to the embodiment of the present application, the floor cross member 20 extends along the width direction of the vehicle body and is provided with a cross member cavity 21. A plurality of triangular reinforcement ribs 22 are provided in the cross member cavity 21 to improve the energy absorption effect of the third rigid zone 103.

[0053] The reinforcement plate assembly 30, floor cross member 20, and front portion 11 of the vehicle body collectively form a space 104 below the front portion 11. Space 104 lacks any reinforcement structure, and the front portion 11 above space 104 is relatively weak. During a vehicle collision, space 104 can collapse stably, while the front portion 11 above space 104 can arch upward to guide the upward flipping of the anti-collision device 2. The reinforcement plate assembly 30 includes a reinforcement plate 31. Together with the mid-rear portion 12 of the vehicle body, this reinforcement plate 31 forms a circumferentially enclosed cavity 301. Cavity 301 provides torsional rigidity, enhancing the rigidity of the first rigid zone 101.

[0054] According to an embodiment of the present application, the reinforcement plate assembly 30 is a sheet metal component to improve the rigidity of the first rigid zone 101 .

[0055] See also Figures 10 to 14 As shown, the reinforcement plate assembly 30 further includes a plurality of connecting brackets 32 disposed on the reinforcement plate 31. The connecting brackets 32 are respectively connected to the floor assembly 1, the rear longitudinal beam rear section 3, and the rear panel 4. The reinforcement plate 31 includes a reinforcement plate body 312 and a flange 311 disposed around the reinforcement plate body 312 and projecting upward. The reinforcement plate body 312 is disposed below the mid-rear portion 12 of the vehicle body. The flange 311 and the connecting brackets 32 are connected to the mid-rear portion 12 to form a nearly closed cavity 301.

[0056] The reinforcing plate body 312 is provided with a plurality of weight-reducing holes 3121. The number of weight-reducing holes 3121 is two. In addition, the weight-reducing holes 3121 can also be provided as a single one or multiple ones, and the present application does not limit the number of weight-reducing holes 3121.

[0057] The plurality of connecting brackets 32 include a left front connecting bracket 321, a left rear connecting bracket 322, a front middle connecting bracket 323, two middle and rear connecting brackets 324, a right middle connecting bracket 325, a right rear connecting bracket 326, and a right front connecting bracket 327. The left front connecting bracket 321, the left rear connecting bracket 322, the front middle connecting bracket 323, two middle and rear connecting brackets 324, the right middle connecting bracket 325, the right rear connecting bracket 326, and the right front connecting bracket 327 are fixed to the reinforcing plate body 312 by welding or screwing.

[0058] The left front connecting bracket 321 and the left rear connecting bracket 322 are located on the front and rear sides of the reinforcement plate body 312, near the ends of the reinforcement plate body 312. The front center connecting bracket 323, the left front connecting bracket 321, and the right front connecting bracket 327 are all located on the front side of the reinforcement plate body 312. The two center and rear connecting brackets 324 are connected to the reinforcement plate body 312. The right center connecting bracket 325 is located at the end of the reinforcement plate body 312 away from the left front connecting bracket 321 and the left rear connecting bracket 322. The right rear connecting bracket 326 and the left rear connecting bracket 322 are both located on the rear side of the reinforcement plate body 312.

[0059] The left and right rear connecting brackets 322 and 326 are formed with connecting holes 3221 and 3261. They are bolted to the bottom of the rear panel 4 through the connecting holes 3221 and 3261. The two center rear connecting brackets 324 are each provided with connecting holes 3241, which are bolted to the floor assembly 1 through these holes. The right center connecting bracket 325 is provided with two connecting holes 3251, which are bolted to the rear section 3 of the rear longitudinal beam through these holes.

[0060] The left front connecting bracket 321, the front center connecting bracket 323, and the right front connecting bracket 327 are provided with connecting holes 3211, 3231, and 3271. The left front connecting bracket 321, the front center connecting bracket 323, and the right front connecting bracket 327 are screwed to the floor assembly 1 through the connecting holes 3211, 3231, and 3271. The reinforcement plate assembly 30 also includes a mounting bracket 33, which is connected to both the reinforcement plate body 312 and the rear section 3 of the rear longitudinal beam. Other vehicle components can also be connected to the mounting bracket 33.

[0061] According to the embodiment of this application, the anti-collision device 2 and the floor assembly 1 are both horizontally arranged. The anti-collision device 2 is a high-voltage electrical module. The anti-collision device 2 is horizontally arranged above the floor body 10 and is mounted at four points, each of which is a certain distance above the floor body 10. In this embodiment, the floor body 10 is a plastic component, and the four mounting points are integrally formed with the floor body 10. The rear seats 5 are arranged in front of the anti-collision device 2. Figure 4 Figure 2 shows the force flow and movement trends of the anti-collision device 2 during a rear-end collision. The force from the rear-end collision barrier first contacts the anti-collision beam 6, which then transfers the force to the reinforcement plate assembly 30 and the floor body 10, and then to the floor cross member 20.

[0062] The approximately closed rectangular cross-section formed by the reinforcement plate assembly 30 and the mid-rear portion 12 of the vehicle body forms a relatively high-rigidity section. The front portion 11 of the vehicle body is a low-rigidity section, while the floor cross member 20 is a high-rigidity section. During a rear-end collision, the front portion 11, with its relatively low rigidity, bends upward, guiding the anti-collision device 2 to flip upward and allowing sufficient time for the controller to deactivate the high-voltage power supply.

[0063] See also Figure 15 and Figure 16 As shown, it is another embodiment of the present application. In this embodiment, the vehicle body structure includes a floor assembly 1', an anti-collision device 2', a rear section of the rear longitudinal beam 3', a rear panel 4' and a rear seat 5'. The anti-collision device 2' can be tilted. The front part of the anti-collision device 2' is higher than the rear part of the anti-collision device 2'. The multiple rigid zones 100' include a first rigid zone 101' and a second rigid zone 102', which are arranged in sequence from back to front. The rigidity of the first rigid zone 101' is less than that of the second rigid zone 102'. The front part of the anti-collision device 2' is located in the second rigid zone 102', and the rear part of the anti-collision device 2' is located in the first rigid zone 101'. During a rear collision, the first rigid zone 101' collapses and sinks relative to the second rigid zone 102'.

[0064] The difference in stiffness among the multiple rigid zones 100' enables the first rigid zone 101' to bend precisely, thereby controlling the anti-collision device 2' to flip upward. A first rib 1011' is provided on the first rigid zone 101', and a second rib 1021' is provided on the second rigid zone 102'. The density of the first rib 1011' on the first rigid zone 101' is less than the density of the second rib 1021' on the second rigid zone 102', thereby making the stiffness of the first rigid zone 101' less than the stiffness of the second rigid zone 102'. The low-density first rib 1011' can optimize the energy absorption efficiency of the first rigid zone 101', and the deformation of the first rigid zone 101' is stable. The high-density second rib 1021' maintains the structural integrity of the second rigid zone 102'. The first rib 1011' and the second rib 1021' are arranged in the front-to-back and left-to-right directions.

[0065] The second rigid zone 102' is higher than the first rigid zone 101'. A vertical surface 1012' is formed between the second rigid zone 102' and the first rigid zone 101'. The second rigid zone 102' also includes a fixed surface 1022', which forms a step with the vertical surface 1012'. The front portion of the anti-collision device 2' rests on the step, while the rear portion rests on the floor body 10', creating an inclination.

[0066] See also Figure 17 and Figure 18FIG. 1 shows another embodiment of the present application. In this embodiment, the vehicle body structure includes a floor assembly 1", an anti-collision device 2", a rear longitudinal beam rear section 3", a rear panel 4", and rear seats 5". The floor assembly 1" includes a floor body 10" and a guide bracket 40 secured to the floor body 10". The anti-collision device 2" is secured to the guide bracket 40. The guide bracket 40 includes a first bent portion 41 disposed at the rear of the anti-collision device 2", and a flat plate portion 42 supporting the anti-collision device 2".

[0067] The multiple rigid zones 100" include a first rigid zone 101" with smaller rigidity formed by the first bending portion 41 and a second rigid zone 102" with larger rigidity formed by the flat plate portion 42. During a rear-end collision, the first rigid zone 101" bends and sinks relative to the second rigid zone 102". The first bending portion 41 of the guide bracket 40 is pressed down and bent, thereby driving the anti-collision device 2" to flip upward to avoid a rigid collision with the rear seat 5".

[0068] The present application also provides a vehicle, comprising the vehicle body structure as described above.

[0069] This application achieves directional conduction of collision energy by distributing rigid zones of varying stiffness, guiding the anti-collision device to flip upward, avoiding the impact path of the vehicle's rigid components and improving collision stability. It also provides a time window for de-energizing the vehicle's high-voltage module, enhancing vehicle collision safety.

[0070] It should be noted that the technical solutions or technical features described in the above embodiments can be combined or supplemented with each other without conflict. The scope of protection of this application is not limited to the precise structures described in the above embodiments and shown in the accompanying drawings; all modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of this application shall be included in the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A vehicle body structure, characterized in that: include: A floor assembly and an anti-collision device; the anti-collision device is arranged on the floor assembly, and a plurality of rigid areas are formed on the floor assembly along the front and rear directions of the vehicle body. The plurality of rigid areas have different stiffnesses, which can induce the anti-collision device to flip upward in the event of a rear collision.

2. The vehicle body structure according to claim 1, wherein: The multiple rigid zones include a first rigid zone, a second rigid zone, and a third rigid zone, which are arranged in sequence from rear to front; the rigidity of the first rigid zone and the third rigid zone is greater than that of the second rigid zone; the front part of the anti-collision device is fixed to the second rigid zone, and the rear part of the anti-collision device is fixed to the first rigid zone; during a rear collision, the second rigid zone arches upward relative to the first rigid zone.

3. The vehicle body structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The floor assembly includes a floor body, a floor crossbeam and a reinforcement plate assembly; the floor crossbeam is arranged on the front side of the floor body; the floor body includes a front portion and a middle and rear portion of the body, and the reinforcement plate assembly is arranged below the middle and rear portion of the body; the reinforcement plate assembly and the middle and rear portion of the body form the first rigid zone, the floor crossbeam forms the third rigid zone, and the front portion of the body forms the second rigid zone.

4. The vehicle body structure according to claim 3, characterized in that: The reinforcing plate assembly includes a reinforcing plate, which forms a circumferentially closed cavity with the middle and rear portion of the body; and / or the reinforcing plate assembly, the floor beam and the front portion of the body together form a space located below the front portion of the body.

5. The vehicle body structure according to claim 4, characterized in that: The reinforcing plate assembly further comprises a plurality of connecting brackets arranged on the reinforcing plate, and the peripheral side of the reinforcing plate is provided with a flange protruding upward.

6. The vehicle body structure according to claim 5, characterized in that: The vehicle body structure also includes rear sections of rear longitudinal beams arranged on both sides of the floor assembly and a rear panel arranged on the rear side of the floor assembly; the multiple connecting brackets are respectively connected to the floor assembly, the rear sections of the rear longitudinal beams and the rear panel.

7. The vehicle body structure according to claim 3, wherein: The reinforcement plate assembly is a sheet metal part; and / or, a plurality of mounting frames are integrally formed on the floor body, and the anti-collision device is fixed on the plurality of mounting frames; the height of the plurality of mounting frames is greater than half of the height of the anti-collision device.

8. The vehicle body structure according to claim 3, wherein: The anti-collision device and the floor assembly are both arranged horizontally; the floor body is a flat plate structure.

9. The vehicle body structure according to claim 1, wherein: The front of the anti-collision device is higher than the rear of the anti-collision device; the multiple rigid zones include a first rigid zone and a second rigid zone arranged in sequence from rear to front, the rigidity of the first rigid zone is less than that of the second rigid zone; the front of the anti-collision device is located in the second rigid zone, and the rear of the anti-collision device is located in the first rigid zone; during a rear collision, the first rigid zone sinks relative to the second rigid zone.

10. The vehicle body structure according to claim 1, wherein: The floor assembly includes a floor body and a guide bracket fixed to the floor body, the anti-collision device is fixed to the guide bracket, and the guide bracket includes a first bending portion arranged at the rear of the anti-collision device and a flat plate portion supporting the anti-collision device; the multiple rigid zones include a first rigid zone with smaller rigidity formed by the first bending portion and a second rigid zone with larger rigidity formed by the flat plate portion; during a rear collision, the first rigid zone bends and sinks relative to the second rigid zone.

11. The vehicle body structure according to claim 1, wherein: The anti-collision device is a high-voltage electrical module; a rear seat is arranged in front of the anti-collision device.

12. A vehicle, characterized in that: The vehicle body structure comprises the vehicle body structure according to any one of claims 1 to 11.

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