Two-wheeled electric vehicle gravity center optimization and stable bearing method and rainwater recycling system thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of two-wheeled electric vehicles, provides a gravity center optimization and stable bearing method for a two-wheeled electric vehicle and a rainwater recycling system, and solves the technical problems that an existing two-wheeled electric vehicle is poor in stability and unreasonable in gravity center distribution under the loading condition, has potential safety hazards during driving in rainy days and the like. The method comprises three core stages: a pedal bearing adjustment stage: a pedal plate is converted from a horizontal state to a non-horizontal state through cooperation of a driving mechanism and an adjusting mechanism, and a supporting form adapting to different load-carrying requirements is formed; in the gravity center adjusting stage, the power structure and the guiding structure control the battery pack to move in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle, and the whole vehicle gravity center position is optimized; in the dynamic balance control stage, load and driving states are monitored in real time through a sensor network, the position of a battery pack is intelligently adjusted, and controllability and stability are improved. A matched rainwater recycling system converts the collected rainwater into a safety auxiliary resource, a hydrodynamic adsorption effect is created, and the performance of the wet and slippery road surface is remarkably improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of electric vehicles, and in particular to a method for optimizing the dynamic center of gravity and stabilizing the load-bearing of a two-wheeled electric vehicle and a rainwater resource utilization system thereof. Background Art

[0002] With the popularization of environmental protection concepts and the increasingly serious problem of urban traffic congestion, two-wheeled electric vehicles have become an important means of transportation for short-distance travel in cities due to their advantages of environmental protection, energy saving, flexibility and convenience. They have been widely used in urban distribution, express logistics, shared travel and other fields.

[0003] However, existing two-wheeled electric vehicles still face many technical problems in actual use, which are mainly manifested in the following aspects: First, load stability is insufficient. Traditional two-wheeled electric vehicles often have fixed, flat pedal structures. When carrying heavy objects, especially large or irregularly shaped items, these are prone to tilting and sliding. This not only increases the risk of damage but also poses a threat to driving safety. Common solutions currently available on the market involve adding anti-slip mats or installing simple shelves on the pedals, but these methods fail to fundamentally address the stability issues associated with heavy loads.

[0004] Secondly, the center of gravity distribution is irrational. Two-wheeled electric vehicles are typically designed based on the use scenario of an adult of standard weight, and the center of gravity is relatively fixed. When the vehicle load increases significantly or the position of the heavy object changes, the center of gravity of the entire vehicle shifts significantly, resulting in a decrease in handling performance, especially in cornering, acceleration, and emergency braking. The existing technology lacks an effective solution that can dynamically adjust the center of gravity of two-wheeled electric vehicles according to the load conditions.

[0005] Third, the driving experience and safety need to be improved. Due to structural limitations, two-wheeled electric vehicles are inherently less stable than three- and four-wheeled vehicles. This increases the difficulty and safety risks of driving under special conditions, such as heavy loads and rainy weather. While some existing electric vehicles utilize advanced technologies such as gyroscope-assisted balancing and ABS braking, these technologies primarily focus on the vehicle's inherent state and fail to fully consider the impact of load changes on vehicle stability.

[0006] Fourth, they have poor adaptability to rainy driving. Existing two-wheeled electric vehicles face safety risks such as reduced tire adhesion and increased braking distance when driving in the rain. Traditional solutions rely primarily on improving tire tread design or using specialized materials to enhance adhesion, but these solutions are limited in effectiveness and fail to consider how to proactively utilize rainwater to improve driving performance. Currently, there is no proven technical solution on the market that effectively utilizes rainwater to improve the safety of two-wheeled electric vehicles in the rain.

[0007] Fifth, the battery pack is fixed in position, resulting in low space utilization. In traditional two-wheeled electric vehicle designs, the battery pack is typically fixedly mounted beneath the frame or under the seat, occupying a significant amount of available space. Advances in battery technology and the use of larger capacity batteries have further exacerbated this space constraint. Furthermore, the fixed battery pack installation method prevents the vehicle's center of gravity from being adjusted based on load conditions, limiting its maneuverability.

[0008] In addition, innovations in existing technologies regarding two-wheeled electric vehicles are mostly concentrated in the power system, charging technology, body materials, etc., and there is relatively little research on improving load stability, optimizing center of gravity distribution, and utilizing rainwater resources, making it difficult to meet the growing demand for use. Summary of the Invention

[0009] The present invention aims to solve the technical problems of poor stability and insufficient maneuverability of existing two-wheeled electric vehicles under load conditions, as well as safety hazards caused by slippery roads in rainy days, and to provide a dynamic center of gravity optimization and stable load-bearing technology for two-wheeled electric vehicles and a rainwater resource utilization system.

[0010] To address the above technical issues, the present invention provides a method for optimizing the dynamic center of gravity and stabilizing load-bearing in a two-wheeled electric vehicle. The method is applied to a two-wheeled electric vehicle comprising a frame, a pedal assembly, a battery pack, and a storage box. The battery pack is movably mounted on the frame, the pedal assembly is positioned above the battery pack, and the storage box is positioned on the frame below the seat. The method includes the following technical features: During the pedal load-bearing adjustment stage, the shape of the pedal assembly is adjusted by a pedal load-bearing adjustment structure provided on the pedal assembly. The pedal load-bearing adjustment structure includes a driving mechanism and an adjustment mechanism. The driving mechanism is connected to the pedal block. The adjustment mechanism is used to guide the movement of the pedal block and achieve multi-level shape adjustment. By operating the driving mechanism, the pedal block is switched between different shapes, from a horizontal state to a non-horizontal state, thereby improving the stability of the two-wheeled electric vehicle after carrying heavy objects. During the gravity center adjustment stage, the position of the battery pack is adjusted by a gravity center adjustment device disposed between the battery pack and the vehicle frame. The gravity center adjustment device includes a power structure and a guide structure. The power structure is used to drive the battery pack to move, and the guide structure is used to guide the battery pack to move along a predetermined track. The battery pack is controlled to move in the longitudinal direction of the electric vehicle according to the load, thereby optimizing the gravity center of the two-wheeled electric vehicle. In the dynamic balance control stage, the load condition and driving status of the electric vehicle are monitored in real time through the set sensor network, and the center of gravity adjustment device is controlled to adjust the position of the battery pack to improve the controllability and stability.

[0011] In the above method, the pedal load-bearing adjustment stage includes the following steps: an adjustment start step, in which the user operates the drive mechanism according to the load requirement; a power transmission step, in which the drive mechanism drives the pedal block to synchronously adjust its position; a shape switching step, in which the pedal block switches to a support shape suitable for the current load requirement during movement under the guidance of the adjustment mechanism; and an intelligent monitoring step, in which the load-bearing weight and distribution of the pedal block are monitored in real time through the provided sensors, and overload protection, optimal load-bearing shape recommendation, and center of gravity position calculation functions are implemented. The pedal block can be adjusted to a variety of working states, including a horizontal state suitable for light loads, a non-horizontal structure with a medium inclination angle suitable for medium loads, and a non-horizontal structure with a larger inclination angle suitable for heavy loads.

[0012] In one embodiment of the present invention, the center of gravity adjustment stage includes the following steps: a position determination and power drive step, determining the initial position of the battery pack, using the power structure as the core driving mechanism, the control system activates the power structure to generate power, and converts the power into linear motion of the battery pack through the transmission mechanism; a smooth sliding and safety protection step, the guide structure provides stable guidance and support; a coordinated management step of storage space and center of gravity adjustment, resolving the conflict between battery pack movement and storage space utilization through a center of gravity avoidance mechanism. When the battery pack moves backward, its upper part pushes the movable frame to slide horizontally toward the inside of the box and compresses the elastic element, while pushing the isolation plate to form a protective barrier. When the battery pack moves forward and returns to its original position, the elastic element releases potential energy to push the frame to automatically reset, restore the maximum storage space, and restore the isolation plate to its initial state.

[0013] The dynamic balance control stage includes the following steps: the system switches to dynamic balance mode and collects riding data through the sensor network; performs dynamic balance calculations and determines whether adjustment is needed; when the adjustment condition is triggered, the system controls the center of gravity adjustment device to move the battery pack; continuously monitors position deviations and corrects them in real time; locks the system status after adjustment is completed; and intelligently adapts to special road conditions, including moving the battery pack rearward to increase rear wheel traction when going uphill, moving it forward to optimize braking effect when going downhill, and fine-tuning the battery pack position according to direction and angle when turning.

[0014] The present invention also provides a rainwater resource utilization system for a two-wheeled electric vehicle, which is applied to a two-wheeled electric vehicle including a frame, a pedal assembly, a battery pack, and a storage box, wherein the battery pack is movably mounted on the frame, the pedal assembly is arranged above the battery pack, the storage box is arranged on the frame and located below the seat, and the battery pack can be moved in the longitudinal direction of the electric vehicle through a center of gravity adjustment device to optimize the center of gravity position of the two-wheeled electric vehicle. The system includes: a front wheel deflector for collecting rainwater; a water collection channel connected to the front wheel deflector for guiding rainwater; a retractable water storage tank designed in the space created by the movement of the protective box on which the battery pack is installed; a spray device arranged in front of the rear wheel; and a control device for controlling the water flow. The system uses the collected rainwater to flush the ground in front of the rear wheel during emergency braking, thereby improving the safety of the two-wheeled electric vehicle on slippery roads.

[0015] In one embodiment of the present invention, the spray device includes multi-directional spray nozzles, and the system further includes: a water flow shaping device, located behind the multi-directional spray nozzles, employing a microporous membrane structure with micropores evenly distributed across the membrane surface; and a diffuser plate, located below the water flow shaping device, made of a hydrophilic material with a microstructured surface. The coordinated action of the water flow shaping device and the diffuser plate allows the flushing water to form a uniform water film, thereby increasing the contact pressure between the tire and the road surface.

[0016] The water storage tank adopts a zoned design, comprising: a normal-pressure water storage area connected to a water collection channel for receiving and storing rainwater collected by the front wheels; a compressed air energy storage area separated from the normal-pressure water storage area by an isolation membrane and connected to a small air pump via a one-way valve to maintain a certain pressure; and a retractable structure designed to protect the front and rear spaces of the tank. When the tank moves forward, the rear water storage tank expands to store water, and when the tank moves backward, the front water storage tank expands to store water. When the emergency brake is triggered, the control device receives a signal from the pressure sensor, and the pressure in the compressed air area pushes the isolation membrane, which in turn pushes the water flow in the normal-pressure water storage area, generating an instantaneous high-pressure water flow.

[0017] The system also includes a rear wheel design featuring angled grooves in the center of the rear wheel, which gradually increase in depth from the edge to the center. When in contact with a film of water, these grooves create a high-speed water flow channel, generating a negative pressure area. A special treatment on the tire surface creates a radially alternating pattern of hydrophobic and hydrophilic areas, creating a shear force. Furthermore, a special structure on the tire edge disrupts the continuity of the water film, creating a drainage channel. These designs increase contact pressure between the tire and the road, generating additional friction and improving performance on wet roads.

[0018] The system also includes a triggering and coordination mechanism: a damping element and a pressure sensor located between the battery pack and the protective box, which are used to capture the micro-displacement of the battery pack during emergency braking. When this signal is detected, the control device starts the water flow; a mud obstacle clearing function, after the emergency braking is triggered, the high-pressure water flow is released through the injection device to effectively clear the mud layer or local water accumulation on the tire's path; and a coordinated working mechanism with the center of gravity adjustment device, which does not require an additional power source and complex structure, and realizes the transformation of rainwater from an obstacle into a power element, shortening the emergency braking distance and increasing the lateral acceleration on wet roads.

[0019] The multi-directional spray nozzles utilize a multi-nozzle design, including a central nozzle with a direct spray pattern and side nozzles with an angled diffusion pattern. These nozzles ensure that their angles cover the critical areas of the tire's travel, allowing for the fastest water release.

[0020] The water flow shaping device adopts a microporous membrane structure, including: being made of wear-resistant and corrosion-resistant material; micropores are evenly distributed on the entire membrane surface; a detachable design is adopted; and a drainage structure is provided in the edge area to collect and guide possible overflow water.

[0021] The two-wheeled electric vehicle dynamic center of gravity optimization and stable load-bearing method and rainwater resource utilization system provided by the present invention have the following beneficial effects: 1. Improve load-bearing stability: Through the pedal load-bearing adjustment structure, the pedal block can be transformed from a horizontal state to a "funnel-shaped" shape at different angles. It can be adaptively adjusted according to the load requirements, significantly improving the stability of the two-wheeled electric vehicle after carrying heavy objects, reducing the possible displacement of heavy objects during driving, and effectively solving the problem of unstable load-bearing electric vehicles.

[0022] 2. Optimize the vehicle's center of gravity: The center of gravity adjustment device enables the battery pack to move along the longitudinal direction of the electric vehicle. The battery pack position is intelligently adjusted according to the load load, optimizing the center of gravity of the two-wheeled electric vehicle. The vehicle maintains a good balance under different load conditions, significantly improving driving stability.

[0023] 3. Enhanced dynamic balancing capabilities: Through real-time monitoring of load conditions and driving status through a sensor network, the system can dynamically adjust the battery pack position during driving, intelligently adapting to special road conditions such as uphill, downhill, and turning, thereby improving the vehicle's controllability, stability, and safety.

[0024] 4. Achieve efficient space utilization: Through the center of gravity avoidance mechanism, the conflict between battery pack movement and storage space utilization is cleverly resolved. When the battery pack position changes, the system can automatically adjust the storage space configuration to ensure that the storage function is not affected, achieving a perfect combination of functionality and space utilization.

[0025] 5. Improved intelligence: Through intelligent monitoring steps, the system can implement intelligent functions such as overload protection, optimal load-bearing form recommendations, and center of gravity position calculation, improving user experience and operational convenience while enhancing safety.

[0026] 6. Innovative use of rainwater resources: The rainwater resource system transforms rainwater, which is usually considered an obstacle, into a driving safety auxiliary resource. By collecting, storing and controlling the release of rainwater, it washes the ground in front of the rear wheels during emergency braking, significantly improving the safety of two-wheeled electric vehicles on slippery roads.

[0027] 7. Improved performance on wet roads: A uniform water film is formed through the synergistic effect of the water flow shaping device and the diffuser. Combined with the specially designed rear wheel grooves and tire surface treatment, a hydrodynamic adsorption effect is created, which shortens the emergency braking distance by 10-15% and increases the lateral acceleration on wet roads by 25-35%, significantly reducing the safety risks of driving in the rain.

[0028] 8. Efficient space layout: The retractable water storage tank cleverly utilizes the space created by the movement of the battery pack. When the protection box moves forward, the rear water storage tank is expanded, and when it moves backward, the front water storage tank is expanded, realizing the maximum utilization of resources and space without requiring additional space.

[0029] 9. Automated triggering mechanism: By placing a damping element and pressure sensor between the battery pack and the protective housing, the system can accurately capture the micro-displacement of the battery pack during emergency braking, automatically triggering the water flow without requiring additional driver operation, thereby improving system response speed and ease of use.

[0030] 10. Efficient recycling of resources: The system realizes the innovative idea of transforming rainwater from an obstacle into a supporting element. By working in conjunction with the center of gravity adjustment device, it does not require an additional power source or complex structure, achieving efficient resource utilization and simplified structure, with significant economy and practicality.

[0031] In summary, the technical solution provided by the present invention comprehensively improves the stability, controllability and safety of two-wheeled electric vehicles under various complex conditions through the organic combination of dynamic center of gravity optimization, adjustable shape load-bearing structure and rainwater resource utilization system, solves key problems such as unstable load, difficult control and safety hazards on slippery roads, and has significant technical innovation and practical value. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0032] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention when the pedal assembly is removed; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the disassembled structure of the footrest assembly and the upper load-bearing adjustment structure of the present invention; Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the structure of the gear rack and the operating knob of the present invention; Figure 5 for Figure 3 A partial enlarged view of point Ⅰ in the middle; Figure 6 is a cross-sectional view of the footrest assembly of the present invention in a horizontal state at the first level; Figure 7 is a cross-sectional view of the footrest assembly of the present invention at the second stage; Figure 8 is a cross-sectional view of the footrest assembly of the present invention at the third stage; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the storage box of the present invention for shifting and avoiding the battery pack; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the planar structure of the storage box of the present invention for shifting and avoiding the battery pack; Figure 11 It is a structural schematic diagram of the center of gravity adjustment device of the present invention; Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the disassembled structure of the storage box and its upper center of gravity avoidance structure of the present invention; Figure 13 This is a schematic structural diagram of Example 2 of the present invention; Figure 14 Schematic diagram of the positions of the damping element, battery pack, etc.

[0033] Figure 15 This is a partial workflow diagram of Example 2 of the present invention; Figure 16 FIG1 is a braking test result chart of Example 2 of the present invention; Figure 17 Figure 2 is the braking test results of Example 2 of the present invention; Figure 18 This is a slip analysis chart of Example 2 of the present invention; Figure 19 This is a working schematic diagram of the hydrodynamic adsorption system of Example 2 of the present invention.

[0034] 1 , a plurality of mounting holes 160, 161 and 162 are provided in the drawing. The mounting holes 160 are provided in the drawing. The mounting holes 160 are provided in the drawing. The mounting holes 160 are provided in the drawing. Second stage 532, third stage 533, sliding power structure 61, supporting sliding structure 62, connecting bracket 611, motor assembly 612, transmission assembly 613, connecting assembly 614, driving wheel 6131, driven wheel 6132, synchronous belt 6133, connecting driving block 6141, supporting sliding rail 621, making way gap 71, semi-enclosed moving frame 72, moving telescopic assembly 73, isolation plate 74, first component rod sleeve 731, second component rod sleeve 732, front wheel deflector 110a, water collection channel 110b, water storage tank 111a, multi-directional injection port 116, electromagnetic control valve 113c, damping element 113a, pressure sensor 113b, water flow shaping device 117, diffuser 112b. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] Example 1: refer to Figure 1-Figure 2 This embodiment provides a method for optimizing the dynamic center of gravity and stabilizing load-bearing in a two-wheeled electric vehicle. The method is applied to a two-wheeled electric vehicle comprising a frame 10, a pedal assembly 20, a battery pack 30, and a storage box 40. The frame 10 comprises a steering support frame 11, a main support tube 12, a mounting support frame 13, and a pedal assembly 14. The steering support frame 11 is located at the front of the electric vehicle and provides support for the steering assembly. The main support tube 12 connects the steering support frame 11 to the mounting support frame 13. The mounting support frame 13 extends from the middle portion of the electric vehicle to the rear portion and forms a battery mounting portion 131 for mounting the battery pack 30 and a connecting support portion 132 for supporting the seat and rear portion of the electric vehicle. The battery pack 30 is movably mounted on the battery mounting portion 131. The pedal assembly 20 is connected to the battery mounting portion 131 via a connecting bracket 15 and is located above the battery pack 30. The storage box 40 is mounted on the connecting support portion 132 and is located below the seat. The storage box 40 extends downward to the battery pack 30.

[0036] refer to Figures 1-12The method for optimizing the dynamic center of gravity and stabilizing loads for a two-wheeled electric vehicle is used to adjust the shape of the pedal assembly 20 of the two-wheeled electric vehicle to improve its stability after loading heavy objects. The method also intelligently adjusts the center of gravity of the electric vehicle based on the weight loaded, optimizing the controllability and stability of the electric vehicle during driving and improving the driving experience. The method is based on the following core functional structures and alternative implementations: refer to Figure 3-Figure 7 The pedal load adjustment stage in this method is based on a pedal load adjustment structure 50, which consists of four core components: a rack and pinion assembly 51, a support adjustment plate 52, a stepped adjustment platform 53, and an operating knob 54. These components work together to achieve precise adjustment of the pedal shape. The specific structure and working principle are as follows: 1. Rack and Pinion Drive Mechanism: The rack and pinion assembly 51, the core driving component of the entire structure, consists of a central circular gear 511 and two flanking straight racks 512. One end of the rack is connected to the pedal block 21 via a connecting pin 513, effectively transmitting power to the pedals.

[0037] 2. Basic Support Structure: The support and adjustment plate 52 serves as the foundation for the entire adjustment structure. The rack and pinion assembly 51 is secured to its center via a mounting box 55. Support shafts 521 are located on either side of the support and adjustment plate 52. These shafts pass through the strip-shaped movable holes 211 in the footrest block 21, forming a sliding guide mechanism.

[0038] 3. Multi-Level Adjustment Platform Design: The stepped adjustment platform 53, located above the support adjustment plate 52, is divided into three levels (531, 532, and 533), providing different support surfaces. When the footrest block is in the first level 531, the footrest assembly remains horizontal. When moved to the second or third level 532 or 533, the two footrests form a tilted "funnel" structure, enhancing the stability of heavy loads.

[0039] 4. User operation interface: The operation knob 54 is inserted into the center of the gear and exposed outside the pedal assembly 20, serving as a direct interface for user operation.

[0040] The load-bearing adjustment process for this structure is as follows: the user rotates the operating knob 54, which drives the central gear 511 to rotate. The gear 511 then drives the two racks 512 in opposite directions. The racks 512 then drive the two pedal blocks 21 to move synchronously via the connecting pin 513. The pedal blocks 21, working in conjunction with the support shaft 521 and the strip-shaped movable hole 211, smoothly shift between the different levels of the stepped adjustment platform 53, transforming from a horizontal position to a "funnel-shaped" position at different angles to accommodate the load requirements of various loads.

[0041] In addition to the above main embodiments, the pedal load-bearing adjustment structure 50 may also adopt the following alternatives: Hydraulic drive solution: A micro hydraulic cylinder is used to replace the gear rack assembly, and the synchronous movement of the pedal block 21 is achieved through a hydraulic control system, providing more stable support force in application scenarios with large load-bearing requirements.

[0042] Electric servo solution: A small servo motor is used in combination with a worm gear mechanism to replace the manual knob operation mode, thereby realizing electric automatic adjustment of the pedal block 21 and can be linked with an intelligent control system.

[0043] Pneumatic system solution: Pneumatic control components are used to replace mechanical transmission components to achieve a lighter design, suitable for weight-sensitive high-end electric vehicles.

[0044] Method for implementing pedal load-bearing adjustment function According to different load-bearing requirements, this method provides a multi-level adjustable pedal working state, and realizes intelligent adjustment of the pedal shape through specific steps. In this method, the pedal block 21 can be adjusted to three working states: 1. When the pedal block rests against the first level 531 of the stepped adjustment platform 53, the pedal assembly is in a horizontal state, which is suitable for light load conditions and provides the maximum pedal usable area.

[0045] 2. When the foot pedal block moves to the second level 532, the two foot pedals form a "funnel-shaped" structure with a medium inclination angle from the outside to the middle, which is suitable for medium load conditions and can stably carry items of medium size and weight.

[0046] 3. When the footrest block moves to the third level 533, the two footrests form a "funnel-shaped" structure with a larger inclination angle, which is suitable for heavy loads. It can stably carry heavy objects and prevent them from shifting during driving.

[0047] Steps for implementing the pedal load adjustment method This method achieves precise adjustment of pedal shape through the following four main steps: Step 1: Adjust and start: The user rotates the operating knob 54 according to the load requirement, and this operation drives the central gear 511 to rotate.

[0048] Step 2: Power transmission: The rotation of the central gear 511 drives the racks 512 on both sides to move synchronously in opposite directions, and the racks 512 drive the pedal blocks 21 on both sides to adjust their positions synchronously through the connecting pins 513.

[0049] Step 3: Switching the shape: During the movement, the pedal block 21 can smoothly switch between different levels of the stepped adjustment platform 53 by sliding the support shaft 521 in the strip-shaped movable hole 211, thereby forming a support shape that best suits the current load requirement.

[0050] Step 4: Intelligent Monitoring: The pressure sensor 80 located below the support adjustment plate monitors the load and distribution of the footrest block 21 in real time. Dual-point data collection improves monitoring accuracy and reliability, and transmits this data to the control system for performing the following functions: 1. Overload protection function: When the weight is detected to exceed the safety threshold, the system will issue a warning to the user; 2. Optimal load-bearing position suggestion: Based on the characteristics of the load, the system calculates and prompts the user for the optimal pedal adjustment position; 3. Center of gravity position calculation: providing key parameters for the center of gravity adjustment device 60 to automatically calculate the optimal position of the battery pack 30.

[0051] Alternative implementations In addition to the main implementation method, the pedal load adjustment method can also adopt the following alternative implementation methods: Electronically controlled automatic adjustment mode: A micro servo motor replaces the manual knob and is linked to a weight sensor to automatically adjust the shape according to the load. The preset load-bearing mode can be set through the control panel or mobile phone APP to achieve one-button switching function. The servo motor is installed under the support adjustment plate, and the reduction gear set is used to improve the accuracy and torque.

[0052] Progressive continuous adjustment structure: The continuous curved surface replaces the three-step adjustment platform to achieve stepless adjustment of the foot pedal angle. Combined with the curved guide rail and locking mechanism, it can achieve the locking function at any angle, providing more precise load matching capabilities and adapting to items of various shapes and weights.

[0053] Dynamic center of gravity adjustment and stable load-bearing method for two-wheeled electric vehicles refer to Figures 9-11 In this method, the center of gravity adjustment stage is achieved through a center of gravity adjustment device 60, which consists of a sliding power structure 61 and a supporting sliding structure 62. This device provides stable support and precise movement for the battery pack 30. Furthermore, this method employs safety protection and space coordination mechanisms to ensure the safety of the battery pack 30 during movement and maximize the use of storage space.

[0054] Core steps to implement center of gravity adjustment 1. Position determination and power drive: First determine the initial position of the battery pack 30, and then use the sliding power structure 61 located in the middle of the battery pack 30 as the core drive mechanism. Connect the bracket 611 ( Figure 11The lower right corner) reliably connects the entire sliding power structure 61 to the battery pack 30, and provides a stable installation foundation and support for the motor assembly 612 and the transmission assembly 613. The transmission assembly 613 uses a synchronous belt drive to achieve power transmission, specifically including: a driving wheel 6131 (directly connected to the motor), a driven wheel 6132, and a synchronous belt 6133 connecting the two wheels. The design of the transmission system ensures that the linear transmission direction of the synchronous belt 6133 is completely consistent with the linear direction of the electric vehicle, effectively ensuring the movement accuracy of the battery pack 30. The connecting assembly 614 includes two connecting drive blocks 6141 ( Figure 11 One end of the connecting drive block 6141 is securely connected to the timing belt 6133, while the other end is detachably connected to the lower end of the battery pack 30 via screws for easy maintenance and replacement. The control system activates the motor assembly 612 to generate rotational power, which is converted into linear motion of the battery pack 30 via the drive chain. This enables precise adjustment of the battery pack 30 along the longitudinal direction of the vehicle, thereby optimizing the center of gravity of the vehicle.

[0055] 2. Smooth Sliding and Safe Protection: The support and sliding structure 62 provides stable guidance and support through symmetrically arranged support and sliding rails 621. The three-section rail design enhances movement stability. Furthermore, a protective housing 16 with ventilation holes 161 is installed outside the battery pack 30 to protect the battery pack from external impacts while ensuring proper heat dissipation and maintaining an optimal operating temperature.

[0056] 3. Collaborative Management of Storage Space and Center of Gravity Adjustment: To resolve the conflict between battery pack 30 movement and storage space utilization, this method employs a center of gravity avoidance mechanism. When the battery pack 30 moves backward, its upper portion pushes the semi-enclosed movable frame 72 to slide horizontally toward the interior of the box, compressing the spring and simultaneously pushing the isolation plate 74 to form a protective barrier. When the battery pack moves forward and returns to its original position, the spring releases its potential energy, pushing the frame back to its original position, restoring maximum storage space, and the isolation plate naturally droops to its initial state.

[0057] Comprehensive implementation process This method achieves stable load-bearing and dynamic balance of electric vehicles through a multi-stage intelligent adjustment mechanism. The specific implementation process includes: 1. Adaptive center of gravity pre-adjustment before startup: When the user places a heavy object, the pressure sensor monitors the weight and distribution of the object in real time. The system visualizes this data and provides adjustment suggestions. The user adjusts the pedal configuration accordingly, and the system simultaneously calculates the optimal center of gravity position and automatically adjusts the battery pack position to achieve optimal static balance.

[0058] 2. Dynamic Center of Gravity Optimization During Riding: The system switches to dynamic balance mode, collecting riding data through a multi-dimensional sensor network, performing dynamic balance calculations, and determining whether adjustments are needed. When an adjustment condition is triggered, the system controls the precise movement of the battery pack, continuously monitoring position deviations and making real-time corrections, locking the system state upon completion.

[0059] 3. Intelligent Adaptation to Special Road Conditions: The system recognizes special road conditions, such as uphill, downhill, and cornering, and implements corresponding adaptive strategies. When going uphill, the battery pack is moved back 3-8 cm to improve rear wheel traction; when going downhill, it is moved forward 2-5 cm to optimize braking. When cornering, the battery pack position is fine-tuned based on direction and angle to improve stability and smoothness.

[0060] 4. User Customization and System Collaboration: The system provides a user interface to set riding modes, center of gravity preferences, and road response sensitivity. Users can also manually adjust the battery pack position via the control panel. The system records and analyzes user adjustment habits, generating personalized adjustment plans for subsequent rides, achieving a human-machine collaborative riding experience.

[0061] Through this series of precisely coordinated methods and steps, this implementation plan achieves comprehensive management of the static optimization and dynamic balance of the electric vehicle's center of gravity, solves the coordination problem between load stability, storage function and handling performance, and significantly improves the safety, comfort and handling experience of two-wheeled electric vehicles in various application scenarios.

[0062] Example 2: Dual-function rainwater resource utilization system System Overview and Innovation Principles refer to Figure 13-15 This embodiment transforms rainwater into a driving safety aid by utilizing the free space available within the battery pack 30's protective housing 16 within the battery mounting area 131 and the mass characteristics of the battery pack. The system collects rainwater via the front wheel deflector 110a and directs it through the water collection channel 110b to a retractable water storage silo 111a. The silo is designed to occupy the space created by the movement of the protective housing 16 carrying the battery pack 30: that is, the space in front and behind the protective housing 16. When the protective housing 16 moves forward, the rear silo expands to store water, while when the protective housing 16 moves backward, the front silo expands to store water. The silo comprises a complete water flow control system, including piping, multi-directional spray nozzles 116, and a solenoid control valve 113c. The core of the system lies in the 5-8mm damping free space reserved for the battery pack 30 within the protective housing 16. By placing a damping element 113a and a pressure sensor 113b within this space, the system accurately captures micro-displacements of the battery pack 30 during emergency braking. When this signal is detected, the electromagnetic control valve 113c opens, activating the following functions.

[0063] Mud obstacle removal system Water storage tank 111a features a compartmentalized design, consisting of a normal-pressure water storage area and a compressed air storage area, separated by an isolation membrane. The normal-pressure water storage area is connected to the water collection channel 110b, which receives and stores rainwater collected by the front wheels. The compressed air storage area is connected to a small air pump via a one-way valve, maintaining a pressure of 1.5-2.0 atmospheres. When emergency braking is triggered, the solenoid control valve 113c receives a signal from pressure sensor 113b and rapidly opens the valve. The pressure from the compressed air area pushes the isolation membrane, which in turn pushes the water flow in the normal-pressure water storage area, generating an instantaneous high-pressure water flow. The multi-directional nozzle 116 is positioned 10-15 cm in front of the rear wheel and utilizes a three-nozzle design. The central nozzle directs the water flow, while the two side nozzles diverge at a 15° angle, ensuring coverage of the critical tire travel area. The water flow is released within 0.1 seconds, with each release of 20-30 ml of water, effectively clearing mud layers up to 5 mm thick or localized water accumulation up to 10 mm deep. Experiments have shown that the mud obstacle removal system can shorten the emergency braking distance of two-wheeled electric vehicles on muddy roads by 25-30% and reduce tire slippage by more than 35%. Figure 16-18 Comparison table of three test results.

[0064] Hydrodynamic adsorption system In addition to clearing mud obstructions, the hydrodynamic adsorption system further creates a hydrodynamic adsorption effect through a water flow shaping device 117 located behind the jet nozzle 116. The water flow shaping device 117 is made of a wear-resistant, corrosion-resistant composite polymer material with a thickness of approximately 1-2 mm. Its core is a microporous membrane structure with a precisely controlled pore size between 0.2 and 0.5 mm. These micropores are evenly distributed in a grid pattern across the entire membrane surface, with spacing of approximately 1 mm, ensuring that water flows evenly and without localized aggregation. The device is detachable and secured behind the jet nozzle via a slot. Drainage grooves are located at the edge to collect and guide any overflowing water, preventing water waste. After clearing the obstruction, the water flows through the diffuser plate 112b, which is made of a special hydrophilic composite material with high surface free energy and a contact angle of less than 30°, ensuring rapid and even spread of the water flow. The surface features a precision-machined honeycomb microstructure, with a single honeycomb unit approximately 0.8-1.2 mm in diameter and 0.5 mm in depth. The diffuser features a gradient porous structure with pores that gradually increase in diameter from top to bottom (0.3mm in the upper layer, 0.5mm in the middle layer, and 0.8mm in the lower layer). Its surface undergoes plasma activation to achieve a nanometer-scale roughness. Precisely angled guide grooves at the lower edge ensure a uniform water film 0.5-1.5mm thick, which precisely aligns with the rear wheel's deep V-shaped grooves. The V-shaped grooves in the center of the rear wheel create a high-speed water channel when they meet this film. These grooves, angled at a 30° angle and gradually increasing in depth (from 1mm at the edge to 3mm in the center), direct the water flow toward the center of the groove, creating a negative pressure zone that increases tire-road contact pressure by 15-25%. Furthermore, the tire's surface is treated with a special composite material to create a structure of alternating microscopic hydrophobic and hydrophilic zones. The hydrophobic zones are 2mm wide, while the hydrophilic zones are 1mm wide, arranged radially to create shear forces and generate additional friction. The serrated structure of the tire edge increases the contact boundary with the water film. The serration height is 1.5mm and the spacing is 3mm, which effectively destroys the continuity of the water film and forms a drainage channel. The hydrodynamic adsorption system further improves the performance on wet roads, shortening the emergency braking distance of two-wheeled electric vehicles by an additional 10-15%, and increasing the lateral acceleration on wet roads by 25-35%. This solution innovatively transforms rainwater from an obstacle into a power element, providing a new safety guarantee for two-wheeled electric vehicles driving in rainy days. Through seamless integration with the mobile mechanism of the battery pack 30 in Example 1, the system does not require additional power sources and complex structures, achieving efficient resource utilization and simplified design.

Claims

1. A method for optimizing the dynamic center of gravity and stabilizing the load-bearing capacity of a two-wheeled electric vehicle, characterized in that: The method is applied to a two-wheeled electric vehicle comprising a frame, a pedal assembly, a battery pack, and a storage box, wherein the battery pack is movably mounted on the frame, the pedal assembly is arranged above the battery pack, and the storage box is arranged on the frame and located below the seat. The method comprises: During the pedal load-bearing adjustment stage, the shape of the pedal assembly is adjusted by a pedal load-bearing adjustment structure provided on the pedal assembly. The pedal load-bearing adjustment structure includes a driving mechanism and an adjustment mechanism. The driving mechanism is connected to the pedal block. The adjustment mechanism is used to guide the movement of the pedal block and achieve multi-level shape adjustment. By operating the driving mechanism, the pedal block is switched between different shapes, from a horizontal state to a non-horizontal state, thereby improving the stability of the two-wheeled electric vehicle after carrying heavy objects. During the gravity center adjustment stage, the position of the battery pack is adjusted by a gravity center adjustment device disposed between the battery pack and the vehicle frame. The gravity center adjustment device includes a power structure and a guide structure. The power structure is used to drive the battery pack to move, and the guide structure is used to guide the battery pack to move along a predetermined track. The battery pack is controlled to move in the longitudinal direction of the electric vehicle according to the load, thereby optimizing the gravity center of the two-wheeled electric vehicle. In the dynamic balance control stage, the load condition and driving status of the electric vehicle are monitored in real time through the set sensor network, and the center of gravity adjustment device is controlled to adjust the position of the battery pack to improve the controllability and stability.

2. The method for optimizing the dynamic center of gravity and stabilizing the load of a two-wheeled electric vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pedal load adjustment stage includes the following steps: Adjustment and start-up steps: the user operates the driving mechanism according to the load-bearing requirements; Power transmission step: the driving mechanism drives the pedal block to adjust its position synchronously; Form switching step: during the movement of the pedal block, under the guidance of the adjustment mechanism, the pedal block switches to a support form suitable for the current load requirement; Intelligent monitoring steps: The installed sensors monitor the load weight and distribution of the pedal blocks in real time, and provide overload protection, optimal load-bearing form recommendations, and center of gravity position calculation functions; The foot pedal block can be adjusted to a variety of working states, including a horizontal state suitable for light load conditions, a non-horizontal structure with a medium inclination angle suitable for medium load conditions, and a non-horizontal structure with a larger inclination angle suitable for heavy load conditions.

3. The method for optimizing the dynamic center of gravity and stabilizing the load of a two-wheeled electric vehicle according to claim 2, characterized in that: The center of gravity adjustment stage includes the following steps: Position determination and power driving step: determining the initial position of the battery pack, using the power structure as the core driving mechanism, the control system activates the power structure to generate power, and converts the power into linear motion of the battery pack through the transmission mechanism; Smooth sliding and safety protection steps: the guide structure provides stable guidance and support; Steps for collaborative management of storage space and center of gravity adjustment: The conflict between battery pack movement and storage space utilization is resolved through the center of gravity avoidance mechanism. When the battery pack moves backward, its upper part pushes the movable frame to slide horizontally toward the inside of the box and compresses the elastic element, while pushing the isolation plate to form a protective barrier. When the battery pack moves forward and returns to its original position, the elastic element releases potential energy to push the frame to automatically reset, restore the maximum storage space, and restore the isolation plate to its initial state.

4. The method for optimizing the dynamic center of gravity and stabilizing the load of a two-wheeled electric vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The dynamic balance control stage includes the following steps: The system switches to a dynamic balancing mode and collects riding data through the sensor network; Perform dynamic balance calculations and determine if adjustments are needed; When the adjustment condition is triggered, the system controls the center of gravity adjustment device to move the battery pack; Continuously monitor position deviation and correct it in real time; Lock the system status after completing the adjustment; Intelligent adaptation to special road conditions includes moving the battery pack backward to increase rear wheel traction when going uphill, moving it forward to optimize braking when going downhill, and fine-tuning the battery pack position according to direction and angle when turning.

5. A two-wheeled electric vehicle rainwater resource system, characterized in that: The invention is applied to a two-wheeled electric vehicle comprising a frame, a pedal assembly, a battery pack and a storage box, wherein the battery pack is movably mounted on the frame, the pedal assembly is arranged above the battery pack, the storage box is arranged on the frame and located below the seat, the battery pack can be moved in the longitudinal direction of the electric vehicle through a center of gravity adjustment device to optimize the center of gravity position of the two-wheeled electric vehicle, the center of gravity adjustment device comprises a power structure and a guide structure, the power structure is used to drive the battery pack to move, and the guide structure is used to guide the battery pack to move along a predetermined track; the system comprises: a front wheel deflector for collecting rainwater; a water collection channel connected to the front wheel deflector for guiding rainwater; a retractable water storage tank designed in the space generated by the movement of the protective box on which the battery pack is installed; a spray device, arranged in front of the rear wheel; a control device for controlling the water flow; the system uses the collected rainwater to flush the ground in front of the rear wheel during emergency braking, thereby improving the safety of the two-wheeled electric vehicle on slippery roads.

6. The two-wheeled electric vehicle rainwater resource utilization system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The injection device includes a multi-directional injection port, and the system further includes: A water flow shaping device is arranged behind the multi-directional injection port and adopts a microporous membrane structure, with micropores evenly distributed on the entire membrane surface; and a diffusion plate is arranged below the water flow shaping device and is made of a hydrophilic material with a microstructure design on the surface; through the coordinated action of the water flow shaping device and the diffusion plate, the flushed water flow forms a uniform water film, thereby enhancing the contact pressure between the tire and the road surface.

7. The two-wheeled electric vehicle rainwater resource utilization system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The water storage tank adopts a partitioned design, including: a normal pressure water storage area connected to the water collection channel for receiving and storing rainwater collected by the front wheels; a compressed air energy storage area separated from the normal pressure water storage area by an isolation membrane and connected to a small air pump through a one-way valve to maintain a certain pressure; and The retractable structure is designed to protect the front and rear spaces of the box body. When the box body moves forward, the rear water storage tank is expanded to store water. When the box body moves backward, the front water storage tank is expanded to store water. After the emergency brake is triggered, the control device receives a signal from the pressure sensor, and the pressure in the compressed air area pushes the isolation membrane, thereby pushing the water flow in the normal pressure water storage area, generating instantaneous high-pressure water flow.

8. The two-wheeled electric vehicle rainwater resource utilization system according to claim 5, characterized in that: It also includes the rear wheel design, including: the grooves in the central area of the rear wheel are designed at a specific angle, and the depth gradually increases from the edge to the center. When in contact with the water film, a high-speed water flow channel is formed, generating a negative pressure area; special treatment of the tire surface forms an alternating structure of hydrophobic and hydrophilic areas, arranged radially to create water shear force; and a special structure on the edge of the tire is used to destroy the continuity of the water film and form a drainage channel; through the above design, the contact pressure between the tire and the road is increased, additional friction is generated, and performance on wet roads is improved.

9. The two-wheeled electric vehicle rainwater resource utilization system according to claim 5, characterized in that: It also includes a triggering and coordination mechanism: a damping element and a pressure sensor located between the battery pack and the protective box, which are used to capture the micro-displacement of the battery pack during emergency braking. When this signal is detected, the control device starts the water flow; a mud obstacle clearing function, after the emergency braking is triggered, a high-pressure water flow is released through the injection device to effectively clear the mud layer or local water accumulation on the tire's path; and a coordinated working mechanism with the center of gravity adjustment device, which does not require an additional power source and complex structure, and realizes the transformation of rainwater from an obstacle into a power element, shortening the emergency braking distance and increasing the lateral acceleration on wet roads.

10. The two-wheeled electric vehicle rainwater resource utilization system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The multi-directional injection port adopts a multi-nozzle design, including: a central nozzle with a direct injection design; and a side nozzle with an angle diffusion design; the multi-nozzle ensures that its angle covers the key areas where the tire travels and can complete water release in a short time.

11. The two-wheeled electric vehicle rainwater resource utilization system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The water flow shaping device adopts a microporous membrane structure, including: being made of wear-resistant and corrosion-resistant material; micropores are evenly distributed on the entire membrane surface; a detachable design is adopted; and a drainage structure is provided in the edge area to collect and guide possible overflow water.

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