Green low-carbon ultra-high performance concrete using steel slag with full granularity and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses green low-carbon ultra-high performance concrete with full-granularity steel slag and a preparation method of the green low-carbon ultra-high performance concrete. 800-1000 parts of an ultra-high performance concrete binding material and 1100-1400 parts of full-granularity steel slag are placed in a stirring pot and fully mixed; 2-5 parts of a polyether defoaming agent, 3-10 parts of a C-F-S-H crystal nucleus early strength agent, 15-20 parts of a high-performance polycarboxylate superplasticizer and 144-180 parts of water are added into a stirring pot and fully mixed; and adding 160-190 parts of superfine copper-plated steel fibers into the stirring pot, and fully mixing to obtain the green low-carbon ultra-high performance concrete. According to the green low-carbon ultra-high performance concrete with the full-granularity steel slag and the preparation method of the green low-carbon ultra-high performance concrete, the problems that in traditional UHPC, the consumption of silica fume is large, energy consumption is high, and carbon emission is high are solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application belongs to the technical field of solid waste resource utilization, and specifically relates to a green, low-carbon, ultra-high performance concrete using full-size steel slag and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Ultra-high-performance concrete (UHPC) is widely used in bridges, buildings, marine engineering, and other fields due to its excellent mechanical properties, high durability, and dense microstructure. In traditional UHPC formulations, silica fume, as an active mineral admixture, provides a large amount of active SiO2, which reacts with cement hydration products to form a CSH (calcium silicate hydrate) gel, creating a nucleation effect. This promotes rapid hydration of cement clinker, refines the microstructure, and improves early strength.

[0003] The production of silica fume requires a high-temperature calcination process, which is energy-intensive and produces significant carbon emissions. Furthermore, its high resource dependence limits the green and low-carbon development of UHPC. To reduce the silica fume content in UHPC, existing technologies have proposed a number of alternative materials. For example, metakaolin has been used in UHPC as a silica fume replacement. However, metakaolin requires high-temperature steam curing to fully activate, which leads to a decrease in microstructural density and concrete strength. Furthermore, the reduced silica fume content weakens the "nucleation effect," slowing the early hydration rate of UHPC and significantly reducing its early strength. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The technical effect to be achieved by this application is to provide a green, low-carbon, ultra-high performance concrete using full-size steel slag and a preparation method thereof, so as to solve the problems of large amount of silica fume used, high energy consumption and high carbon emissions in traditional UHPC.

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present application provides a green low-carbon ultra-high performance concrete using full-size steel slag, comprising the following components in parts by weight: Ultra-high performance concrete cementitious materials: 800-1030 parts; Full-grained steel slag: 1100-1400 parts; Polyether defoamer: 2-5 parts; CFSH crystal nucleus early strength agent: 3-10 parts; High performance polycarboxylate water reducer: 15-20 parts; Ultrafine copper-plated steel fiber: 160-190 parts; Water: 144-180 parts.

[0006] This solution utilizes steel slag in large quantities and at all particle sizes as both aggregate and part of the cementitious material, significantly reducing production costs, environmental pollution, and carbon emissions, achieving a green and low-carbon approach. Furthermore, the introduction of a CFSH nucleation early strength agent lowers the energy barrier for CSH gel precipitation in UHPC, prompting the cement clinker to rapidly produce hydration products, compensating for the "nucleation effect" missing from the lack of silica fume in UHPC and effectively addressing the issue of insufficient early strength due to reduced silica fume. Nano-CFSH nuclei can fill the micropores between cementitious materials, refine the pore size distribution, and form a denser matrix interface transition zone. Combined with an optimized cementitious material system, fully graded aggregates, high-performance water reducers, and steel fibers, this ensures that the concrete meets ultra-high performance requirements.

[0007] As a preferred option, the full-grained steel slag includes 520-809 parts of 0.15-5 mm steel slag aggregate, 156-242 parts of 5-10 mm steel slag coarse aggregate, and 364-566 parts of 10-20 mm steel slag coarse aggregate.

[0008] As a preferred option, the ultra-high performance concrete cementitious material consists of 40-70 parts of steel slag powder, 220-300 parts of slag powder, 50-75 parts of desulfurized gypsum, 150-180 parts of raw ash and 470-550 parts of Portland cement.

[0009] As a preferred choice, the chemical composition of the steel slag powder is as follows by mass fraction: SiO2: 12% to 19%, CaO: 33% to 37%, Fe2O3: 20% to 33%, MgO: 5% to 7%, and the rest are impurities.

[0010] As a preferred option, the chemical composition of the slag is as follows by mass: Al2O3: 12% to 15%, SiO2: 25% to 30%, CaO: 42% to 45%, MgO: 6% to 8%, and the rest are impurities.

[0011] As a preferred option, the chemical composition of the desulfurization gypsum is as follows by mass: SO3: 40%~47%, CaO: 40%~45%, and the rest are impurities.

[0012] As a preferred option, the chemical composition of the raw ash is as follows by mass fraction: Al2O3: 30%~35%, SiO2: 40%~48%, CaO: 4%~13%, Fe2O3: 6%~7%, and the rest are impurities.

[0013] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present application also provides a method for preparing green low-carbon ultra-high performance concrete using full-size steel slag, comprising the following steps: 800-1000 parts of ultra-high performance concrete cementitious material and 1100-1400 parts of full-size steel slag are placed in a stirring pot and thoroughly mixed; 2-5 parts of a polyether defoamer, 3-10 parts of a CFSH crystal nucleation early strength agent, 15-20 parts of a high-performance polycarboxylate water reducer and 144-180 parts of water are added to the stirring pot and thoroughly mixed; 160-190 parts of ultra-fine copper-plated steel fiber are added to the stirring pot and thoroughly mixed to obtain green and low-carbon ultra-high performance concrete.

[0014] As a preferred option, the preparation steps of the CFSH crystal nucleation early strength agent include: A soluble calcium salt solution with a concentration of 2 mol / L and a soluble iron salt solution with a concentration of 0.05 mol / L are mixed in a volume ratio of 1:1 and allowed to stand for aging to obtain solution A; a soluble silicate solution with a concentration of 2 mol / L is subjected to ultrasonic degassing to obtain solution B; the solutions A and B are simultaneously introduced into a reaction vessel containing a base material solution of polycarboxylic acid PCE with a mass concentration of 4% and fully dispersed; after the dropwise addition is completed, the mixture is fully stirred at a reaction temperature of 25±1°C and the pH value is adjusted to 11.5±0.2 to obtain a CFSH crystal nucleation early strength agent.

[0015] As a preferred option, the steps for preparing the ultra-high performance concrete cementitious material include: 40-70 parts of steel slag powder, 220-300 parts of slag powder, 50-75 parts of desulfurized gypsum, 150-180 parts of raw ash and 470-550 parts of Portland cement are placed in a mixing pot and mixed evenly to obtain an ultra-high performance concrete cementitious material.

[0016] The beneficial effects of this application are: The solution proposed in this application significantly reduces production costs, environmental pollution, and carbon emissions by utilizing steel slag in large quantities and at all particle sizes as both aggregate and part of the cementitious material, achieving a green and low-carbon approach. Furthermore, by introducing a CFSH nucleation early strength agent, the energy barrier to CSH gel precipitation in UHPC is lowered, prompting the cement clinker to rapidly produce hydration products, compensating for the "nucleation effect" missing from UHPC due to the lack of silica fume. This effectively addresses the problem of insufficient early strength caused by the reduction of silica fume. Nano-CFSH nuclei can fill the micropores between cementitious materials, refine the pore size distribution, and form a denser matrix interface transition zone. Combined with an optimized cementitious material system, fully graded aggregates, high-performance water reducers, and steel fibers, this ensures that the concrete meets ultra-high performance requirements. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0017] The following embodiments of the technical solution of the present application are described in detail. The following embodiments are only used to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the present application and are therefore only examples and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present application. In addition, the technical features involved in the various embodiments of the present invention described below may be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

[0018] The present application provides a green, low-carbon, ultra-high performance concrete using full-size steel slag, comprising the following components in parts by weight: Ultra-high performance concrete cementitious materials: 800-1030 parts; Full-grained steel slag: 1100-1400 parts; Polyether defoamer: 2-5 parts; CFSH crystal nucleus early strength agent: 3-10 parts; High performance polycarboxylate water reducer: 15-20 parts; Ultrafine copper-plated steel fiber: 160-190 parts; Water: 144-180 parts.

[0019] The raw materials for preparing the CFSH crystal nucleation accelerator include soluble calcium salts, soluble iron salts, soluble silicates, and polycarboxylic acid PCE. The soluble calcium salts can be one or more of calcium nitrate, calcium chloride, calcium nitrite, calcium formate, or calcium bicarbonate; the soluble iron salts can be one or more of ferric nitrate, ferric sulfate, or ferric chloride; and the soluble silicates can be one or more of sodium silicate, sodium fluorosilicate, or potassium silicate.

[0020] The ultra-high performance concrete cementitious material consists of 40-70 parts of steel slag powder, 220-300 parts of slag powder, 50-75 parts of desulfurized gypsum, 150-180 parts of raw ash and 470-550 parts of Portland cement.

[0021] The specific surface area of steel slag powder is 600~650m 2 / kg, its chemical composition by mass is: SiO2: 12%-19%, CaO: 33%-37%, Fe2O3: 20%-33%, MgO: 5%-7%, and the remainder is impurities. Steel slag powder exhibits lower activity than cement, but its smaller particle size gives it a significant advantage in improving the compact packing properties of UHPC. With increasing age, the hydration degree of steel slag powder gradually increases, effectively compensating for its early hydration deficiency.

[0022] The specific surface area of slag powder is 580~620m 2 / kg, the chemical composition by mass fraction is: Al2O3: 12%~15%, SiO2: 25%~30%, CaO: 42%~45%, MgO: 6%~8%, and the rest are impurities. The specific surface area of the ground slag powder is >600m 2 / kg slag powder has potential activity, which can be increased by grinding. It can not only improve the strength of concrete and increase workability, but also the finer slag powder can fill the pores of concrete and improve its density.

[0023] The specific surface area of desulfurized gypsum is 360~450m 2 / kg, with the chemical composition by mass being: SO3: 40%-47%, CaO: 40%-45%, with the remainder being impurities. Desulfurized gypsum provides a source of sulfur and calcium for the hydration of cementitious materials. Acting as a sulfate activator, it promotes early hydration and enhances the early strength of green, low-carbon, ultra-high performance concrete.

[0024] The specific surface area of raw ash is 470~540m 2 / kg, with the chemical composition by mass being: Al2O3: 30%-35%, SiO2: 40%-48%, CaO: 4%-13%, Fe2O3: 6%-7%, with the remainder being impurities. Raw ash has a certain "balloon effect," which can enhance the fluidity of UHPC, inhibit water bleeding, and ensure the later strength of UHPC.

[0025] The strength grade of silicate cement is PO52.5 silicate cement.

[0026] The above-mentioned full-grained steel slag has been aged for more than six months and has a free calcium oxide content of no more than 3%. The fineness modulus of steel slag fine aggregate with a particle size range of 0.15-5mm is rated as medium sand according to the "Sand for Concrete Construction" standard. For steel slag coarse aggregate with a particle size of 5-10mm and 10-20mm, their combination should be optimized based on the principle of minimum void ratio. Preferably, the above-mentioned 0.15-5mm steel slag aggregate is activated using a jet mill, the 5-10mm steel slag is modified using microwave treatment, and the 10-20mm steel slag is modified using CO2 carbonization. Using steel slag as aggregate in the preparation of UHPC can effectively inhibit UHPC shrinkage and increase its elastic modulus and mechanical properties. Steel slag also contains a small amount of C3S and C2S, which has certain cementitious properties and can serve as an auxiliary material for cementitious materials.

[0027] Preferably, the ultrafine copper-plated steel fiber is made of copper-plated wire with a diameter of 0.22 mm and a tensile strength of 2850 MPa.

[0028] Preferably, the water reducer is a polycarboxylic acid high-performance water reducer with a water reduction rate of ≥35%. The defoamer is a polyether defoamer.

[0029] According to the above technical solution, a method for preparing green low-carbon ultra-high performance concrete using full-size steel slag is provided, comprising the following steps: Step 1: Place 800-1030 parts of ultra-high performance concrete cementitious material and full-size steel slag in a mixing pot and mix thoroughly; Optionally, before this step, a step of preparing ultra-high performance concrete cementitious material is further included, specifically including: 40-70 parts of steel slag powder, 220-300 parts of slag powder, 50-75 parts of desulfurized gypsum, 150-180 parts of raw ash and 470-550 parts of Portland cement are placed in a mixing pot and mixed evenly to obtain an ultra-high performance concrete cementitious material.

[0030] Step 2: Add 2-5 parts of polyether defoamer, 3-10 parts of CFSH crystal nucleation early strength agent, 15-20 parts of high-performance polycarboxylate water reducer and 144-180 parts of water into a stirring pot and mix thoroughly; Optionally, before this step, a preparation step of a CFSH crystal nucleation early strength agent is also included, specifically comprising: a. A soluble calcium salt solution having a concentration of 2 mol / L and a soluble iron salt solution having a concentration of 0.05 mol / L were mixed in a volume ratio of 1:1 and allowed to stand for aging to obtain a solution A; b. ultrasonically degassing a soluble silicate solution having a concentration of 2 mol / L to obtain a solution B; the ultrasonic frequency can be optionally set to 20 kHz-1 MHz; c. The solution A and the solution B are simultaneously introduced into a reaction vessel containing a primer solution and fully dispersed; the primer solution is a polycarboxylic acid PCE having a mass concentration of 4%; d. After the dropwise addition is completed, stir thoroughly at a reaction temperature of 25±1°C and adjust the pH value to 11.5±0.2 to obtain the CFSH crystal nucleation early strength agent.

[0031] Optionally, the reagent for adjusting the pH value includes sodium hydroxide solution and nitric acid solution.

[0032] Preferably, the solution used in steps a to c is obtained by mixing the raw materials with deionized water that has been sterilized by boiling and then naturally cooled to 25°C.

[0033] Optionally, the dripping rates of solution A and solution B are controlled by a constant flow pump, and the reaction container is a high-speed stirring container.

[0034] Step 3: Add 160-190 parts of ultrafine copper-plated steel fibers into the mixing pot and mix thoroughly to obtain green, low-carbon, ultra-high performance concrete.

[0035] The addition of a polyether defoamer in this solution eliminates harmful large bubbles generated by ultra-high performance concrete, reduces internal porosity in the mortar, and improves the density and stability of the concrete. Polycarboxylic acid water reducers effectively increase the fluidity of concrete and improve its workability. Ultrafine copper-coated steel fibers enhance the toughness and crack resistance of concrete. The addition of a CFSH nucleation accelerator reduces the energy barrier for the precipitation of CSH gel in UHPC, prompting the cement clinker to rapidly produce hydration products, compensating for the "nucleation effect" missing in UHPC due to the lack of silica fume. Furthermore, nano-CFSH nuclei fill the micropores between cementitious materials, refining the pore size distribution and forming a denser matrix-interface transition zone, thereby improving the early mechanical strength of UHPC.

[0036] Based on the implementation methods provided in this application, specific experiments have been conducted on this application. For details, please refer to the following examples for preparing green, low-carbon, ultra-high performance concrete, and several comparative examples are provided. These examples and comparative examples demonstrate that the solutions provided in this application achieve good results. It should be noted that the following examples are intended only to illustrate the present invention in detail and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the invention in any way.

[0037] Example 1 S1: Preparation steps of ultra-high performance concrete cementitious materials 55 parts of steel slag powder, 240 parts of slag powder, 60 parts of desulfurized gypsum, 160 parts of raw ash and 500 parts of Portland cement were placed in a mixing pot and fully mixed at a stirring rate of 120 r / min for 4 minutes to obtain an ultra-high performance concrete cementitious material; S2: Place full-size steel slag containing 530 parts of 0.15-5 mm steel slag aggregate, 162 parts of 5-10 mm steel slag coarse aggregate, and 465 parts of 10-20 mm steel slag coarse aggregate in a stirring pot and mix thoroughly at a stirring speed of 120 r / min for 3 minutes; S3: Preparation steps of CFSH crystal nucleation early strength agent S31: A 2 mol / L calcium nitrate solution and a 0.05 mol / L ferric nitrate solution were mixed in a volume ratio of 1:1, and the mixture was allowed to stand for 30 minutes to obtain a solution A. S32: ultrasonically degassing a silicate solution having a concentration of 2 mol / L to obtain solution B; S33: Synchronously introducing the solution A and the solution B into a reaction vessel containing a primer solution at a dropping rate of 0.5 mL / min, maintaining a stirring rate of 1000 rpm; the primer solution is polycarboxylic acid PCE with a mass concentration of 4%; S34: After the dropwise addition is completed, stirring is continued at a reaction temperature of 25±1° C. for 24 hours, and the pH value is adjusted to 11.5±0.2 to obtain a CFSH crystal nucleation early strength agent.

[0038] S4: Add 3 parts of polyether defoamer, 6 parts of CFSH crystal nucleation accelerator, 18 parts of high-performance polycarboxylate water reducer and 178 parts of water to the stirring pot, maintain a stirring speed of 120 r / min and mix thoroughly for 2 minutes; S5: Add 169 parts of ultrafine copper-plated steel fibers into the mixing pot and mix thoroughly at a stirring speed of 120 r / min for 2 minutes to obtain green, low-carbon, ultra-high performance concrete.

[0039] Examples 2-4 The difference between Examples 2-4 and Example 1 lies in the amount of added substances and process control in each step. Other aspects are the same as Example 1. The control parameters of each step of Examples 1-4 are detailed in Table 1.

[0040] Comparative Example 1 The difference between Comparative Example 1 and Example 1 is that in step S4, water glass early strength agent is used instead of CFSH crystal nucleation early strength agent, and the rest is the same as Example 1.

[0041] Comparative Example 2 The difference between Comparative Example 2 and Example 1 is that the concentration of calcium nitrate added in step S3 of Comparative Example 2 is 4 mol / L, and the rest is the same as Example 1.

[0042] Comparative Example 3 The difference between Comparative Example 3 and Example 1 is that the concentration of ferric nitrate added in step S3 of Comparative Example 3 is 0.2 mol / L, and the rest is the same as Example 1.

[0043] Table 1 Parameter configuration of each step of Examples 1-4 and Comparative Examples 1-3

[0044] The green, low-carbon, ultra-high-performance concrete prepared in Examples 1-4 and Comparative Examples 1-3 was mixed and poured into a mold. After pouring, the concrete was thoroughly vibrated for 20-30 seconds. After initial and final setting, the concrete was cured in an environment maintained at a temperature of 20±2°C and a humidity of at least 95%. After curing to the specified age, strength testing was performed according to the "Test Methods for Physical and Mechanical Properties of Ordinary Concrete" (GB T50081-2019). Specific strength test data are shown in Table 2.

[0045] Table 2 Strength test results of green low-carbon ultra-high performance concrete prepared in Examples 1-4 and Comparative Examples 1-4

[0046] Experimental conclusion: It can be seen from Examples 1 to 4 that by changing the mass fractions of each component within the allowable range, the obtained green low-carbon ultra-high performance concrete still maintains good performance.

[0047] By comparing Comparative Example 1 with Example 1, it can be seen that the concrete performance obtained in Comparative Example 1 does not meet the strength indicators of ultra-high performance concrete. This is because the water glass early strength agent used in Comparative Example 1 has limited stimulating effect on solid wastes such as slag, raw ash, and steel slag in the green low-carbon ultra-high performance concrete. In addition, water glass only has a chemical stimulation effect and no pore filling effect. As a result, the concrete is less dense than the green low-carbon ultra-high performance concrete using the CFSH early strength agent.

[0048] Comparing Comparative Example 2 with Example 1 reveals that the concrete obtained in Comparative Example 1 does not meet the strength requirements of ultra-high performance concrete. This is due to the different calcium / silicon ratios used in the synthesis of the CFSH accelerator in Comparative Example 2, which may result in differences in surface properties, chemical composition, and particle size morphology, leading to different early strength effects. The same applies to Comparative Example 3.

[0049] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or replace some or all of the technical features therein with equivalents. However, these modifications or replacements do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A green, low-carbon, ultra-high performance concrete using full-size steel slag, characterized in that: The composition comprises the following components in parts by weight: Ultra-high performance concrete cementitious materials: 800-1030 parts; Full-grained steel slag: 1100-1400 parts; Polyether defoamer: 2-5 parts; CFSH crystal nucleus early strength agent: 3-10 parts; High performance polycarboxylate water reducer: 15-20 parts; Ultrafine copper-plated steel fiber: 160-190 parts; Water: 144-180 parts.

2. The green low-carbon ultra-high performance concrete using full-size steel slag as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The full-grained steel slag comprises 520-809 parts of 0.15-5 mm steel slag aggregate, 156-242 parts of 5-10 mm steel slag coarse aggregate, and 364-566 parts of 10-20 mm steel slag coarse aggregate.

3. The green low-carbon ultra-high performance concrete using full-size steel slag as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The ultra-high performance concrete cementitious material consists of 40-70 parts of steel slag powder, 220-300 parts of slag powder, 50-75 parts of desulfurized gypsum, 150-180 parts of raw ash and 470-550 parts of Portland cement.

4. The green low-carbon ultra-high performance concrete using full-size steel slag as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The chemical composition of the steel slag powder is as follows by mass fraction: SiO2: 12% to 19%, CaO: 33% to 37%, Fe2O3: 20% to 33%, MgO: 5% to 7%, and the rest are impurities.

5. The green low-carbon ultra-high performance concrete using full-size steel slag as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The chemical composition of the slag is as follows by mass: Al2O3: 12%~15%, SiO2: 25%~30%, CaO: 42%~45%, MgO: 6%~8%, and the rest are impurities.

6. The green low-carbon ultra-high performance concrete using full-size steel slag as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The chemical composition of the desulfurization gypsum is as follows by mass fraction: SO3: 40%~47%, CaO: 40%~45%, and the rest are impurities.

7. The green low-carbon ultra-high performance concrete using full-size steel slag as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The chemical composition of the raw ash is as follows by mass fraction: Al2O3: 30%~35%, SiO2: 40%~48%, CaO: 4%~13%, Fe2O3: 6%~7%, and the rest are impurities.

8. A method for preparing green low-carbon ultra-high performance concrete using full-size steel slag, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: 800-1000 parts of ultra-high performance concrete cementitious material and 1100-1400 parts of full-size steel slag are placed in a mixing pot and thoroughly mixed; Add 2-5 parts of polyether defoamer, 3-10 parts of CFSH crystal nucleation accelerator, 15-20 parts of high-performance polycarboxylate water reducer and 144-180 parts of water to the stirring pot and mix thoroughly; Add 160-190 parts of ultrafine copper-plated steel fibers into a mixing pot and mix thoroughly to obtain green, low-carbon, ultra-high performance concrete.

9. The preparation method according to claim 8, wherein The preparation steps of the CFSH crystal nucleus early strength agent include: A soluble calcium salt solution with a concentration of 2 mol / L and a soluble iron salt solution with a concentration of 0.05 mol / L were mixed in a volume ratio of 1:1, and allowed to stand for aging to obtain solution A; A soluble silicate solution with a concentration of 2 mol / L was subjected to ultrasonic degassing to obtain solution B; The solution A and the solution B are simultaneously introduced into a reaction vessel containing a base solution and fully dispersed; the base solution is polycarboxylic acid PCE with a mass concentration of 4%; After the dropwise addition is completed, the mixture is stirred thoroughly at a reaction temperature of 25±1° C., and the pH value is adjusted to 11.5±0.2 to obtain a CFSH crystal nucleation early strength agent.

10. The preparation method according to claim 8, characterized in that The preparation steps of the ultra-high performance concrete cementitious material include: 40-70 parts of steel slag powder, 220-300 parts of slag powder, 50-75 parts of desulfurized gypsum, 150-180 parts of raw ash and 470-550 parts of Portland cement are placed in a mixing pot and mixed evenly to obtain an ultra-high performance concrete cementitious material.

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