An ecological protection structure for high and steep rock and soil slopes and its construction method

Abstract

The present invention relates to an ecological protection structure and construction method for high-steep rock and soil slopes. The structure includes: a main cable frame, and several of the main cable frames are arranged in a cross shape to form a main support structure. Fastening seats are provided at the intersection connection points of several of the main cable frames. Through the setting of the maintenance mechanism, the present invention can distribute seeds in a layered manner according to the height of the slope, thereby forming a multi-layer vegetation protection form, and can carry out different forms of protection according to the characteristics of the vegetation and the height distribution of the slope. The three-layer three-dimensional arrangement of vegetation can take into account short-term coverage and long-term stability. After the vegetation roots in the maintenance mechanism extend into the slope soil layer through the pores of the base material, a natural reinforcement network is formed. The frictional biting effect between the roots and the soil can significantly improve the shear strength of the soil, forming a "mechanical + biological" composite anchoring system in coordination with the installation of anchor bolts, effectively enhancing the interfacial bonding force between the protection mesh array and the slope.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of slope ecological protection, and in particular to an ecological protection structure for a high and steep rock and soil slope and a construction method. Background Art

[0002] High and steep rock and soil slopes face severe challenges in engineering protection and ecological restoration due to their steep slopes (usually greater than 45°), complex rock and soil structures (such as weathered rock layers, fractured zones, developed joints, etc.), and poor surface stability. Traditional protection technologies are mainly divided into two categories: one is rigid engineering structures represented by anchor rods, retaining walls, and lattice beams. Although they can provide short-term mechanical stability, they lack ecological restoration functions and can easily cause landscape fragmentation and increased soil erosion; the other is ecological protection technologies based on vegetation concrete and vegetation blankets. Although they can restore some vegetation, their soil-fixing capacity on steep slopes is limited, making it difficult to resist heavy rainfall and wind erosion, and it is difficult for vegetation roots to penetrate dense rock and soil layers to form effective anchoring.

[0003] However, traditional anchoring structures rely solely on mechanical anchor rods to provide anti-slip force and lack the biological reinforcement effect of vegetation roots, resulting in the gradual attenuation of interfacial bonding strength with the creep of the rock and soil mass. This leads to serious soil and water erosion on the slope surface, and the ecological protection layer on steep slopes is prone to insufficient vegetation coverage due to matrix slippage and water loss. In addition, a single vegetation layer cannot take into account both short-term coverage and long-term stability requirements, resulting in insufficient slope protection.

[0004] Therefore, in response to the above problems, a new ecological protection structure and construction method for high and steep rock and soil slopes are proposed. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In order to overcome the problems existing in the relevant technology, the present invention provides an ecological protection structure and construction method for steep rock and soil slopes, which can use a limiting mechanism to increase the fit between the device and the slope. In addition, the setting of a maintenance mechanism can increase the growth of vegetation and improve the ecological protection performance of the slope.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides, in a first aspect, an ecological protection structure for a high and steep rock and soil slope and a construction method thereof, comprising:

[0007] The main steel cable frame, several of which are staggered in a field shape to form a main support structure, several staggered connection points of the main steel cable frames are provided with fastening seats, one side of the main support structure formed by several of the main steel cable frames is installed with a restriction net, the top of the main steel cable frame is equidistantly installed with connecting strips, and the connecting strips are connected to the slope by installing anchor rods, and also include: a maintenance mechanism, several of which are equidistantly fixedly installed on the side of the main support structure formed by the main steel cable frame away from the restriction net, for providing a growth area for plants; a restriction mechanism, several of which are equidistantly arranged on the main support structure formed by the main steel cable frame, and the restriction mechanism is cooperatively connected to the main steel cable frame to increase the contact points between the main steel cable frame and the slope.

[0008] Furthermore, several of the connecting strips are connected to each other through reinforcing strips.

[0009] Furthermore, the maintenance mechanism includes a mounting plate equidistantly fixedly installed on the main steel cable frame, a mounting base equidistantly fixedly installed on one side of the mounting plate, a connecting rod equidistantly fixedly installed on the side of the mounting base close to the mounting plate, and both ends of the connecting rod are respectively fixedly connected to the main steel cable frame, a shell is fixedly installed on one side of the mounting base, a limiting ring is installed on the connecting rod, and the limiting ring is connected to the shell with a limiting fit, and the shell is equidistantly provided with matching grooves that match the limiting ring, a connecting plate is equidistantly fixedly installed on one side of the mounting base, a partition plate is equidistantly fixedly installed on one side of the mounting base, and the connecting plate and the partition plate are matched and connected, a number of through holes are equidistantly provided on the mounting base and the connecting plate for providing space for plant roots to contact the slope, and a water guide structure is fixedly installed on the top of the shell.

[0010] Furthermore, the partition plates are provided with connecting holes, so that a connecting space is formed between the mounting base and the inside of the shell. Reinforcement rods are fixedly installed at equal intervals between the mounting base and the partition plates, and ribs are installed at equal intervals on several of the reinforcement rods, and the ribs are fixedly connected to the inner side of the shell.

[0011] Furthermore, a plurality of mounting holes are equidistantly provided at the bottom ends of the plurality of partition plates, and horizontal bars are connected through the mounting holes at the bottom ends of the plurality of partition plates.

[0012] Furthermore, the water guide structure includes a water inlet arranged at the top of the shell, and a plurality of guide seats are fixedly installed at equal intervals on the top of the shell for accurately guiding rainwater, which match the space formed by the mounting base and the partition plate. A plurality of water diversion seats are fixedly installed at equal intervals on the top of the shell, and a branch conduit is symmetrically fixedly installed at the bottom end of the water diversion seat. The branch conduits are arranged side by side in length, and a plurality of water-permeable holes are equidistantly provided on the branch conduit and distributed circumferentially at intervals.

[0013] Furthermore, a plurality of drainage holes are equidistantly provided at the bottom end of the shell.

[0014] Furthermore, the limiting mechanism includes several mounting seats installed on the main steel cable frame, one end of several of the mounting seats is rotatably connected to a connecting seat, the end of the connecting seat away from the mounting seat is rotatably connected to one end of the connecting frame, the connecting frame is rotatably connected to a limiting anchor rod, and the limiting anchor rod is connected to the slope.

[0015] Furthermore, the connecting rod and the connecting seat are both arranged in an arc shape, which are used to squeeze the restriction net and increase the fit between the restriction net and the slope.

[0016] The present invention also provides a construction method, comprising:

[0017] S1. Main body construction: Construction personnel sequentially position and install the main steel cable rack, rock anchor fastening seat and high-strength restraining net, which are composed of the basic protection network array according to the actual construction slope shape. They adjust the spatial topological relationship of the network array units to achieve three-dimensional shape fitting of the protection mechanism and the slope surface, effectively suppressing the slippage of the surface rock and soil.

[0018] S2. Local finishing: After the main basic protective net array is built, the staff will install several restricting mechanisms to make the restricting net fit more closely to the surface of the slope, implement secondary shape control, further improve the connection point between the entire device and the slope, and increase the device's operational stability and overall structural strength.

[0019] S3. Biological planting: After completing the construction of the structure, the staff will install several maintenance mechanisms at intervals on the pre-installed basic protection net array. In addition, the interior of the maintenance mechanism is pre-filled with traditional mixed soil matrix for plant cultivation and plant seeds suitable for growing on the slope, so that the plants can grow quickly and form a secondary protection mechanism.

[0020] The technical solution provided by the present invention can have the following beneficial effects:

[0021] 1. In this example, the setting of the maintenance mechanism allows for layered seed distribution according to the height of the slope, thus forming a multi-layered vegetation protection form. Different forms of protection can be implemented according to the characteristics of the vegetation and the slope height distribution. The three-dimensional arrangement of vegetation layers can take into account both short-term coverage and long-term stability. The roots of the vegetation in the maintenance mechanism extend through the pores of the substrate into the slope soil layer, forming a natural reinforcement network. The friction and bite between the roots and the soil can significantly improve the shear strength of the soil, forming a "mechanical + biological" composite anchoring system that cooperates with the installation of anchor rods, effectively enhancing the interface bonding between the protection network and the slope.

[0022] 2. In this example, the root network increases soil pore connectivity, improves the slope permeability, accelerates rainwater infiltration, and reduces pore water pressure, thereby reducing the risk of shallow slope slip. This process complements the slope stress redistribution function of the restriction network 3, effectively preventing rainwater erosion. The three-dimensional vegetation system provides a three-level protection system of "interception-energy dissipation-drainage". The vegetation leaves can intercept some rainfall, delaying the formation of runoff, and the plant community attenuates the kinetic energy of raindrops, reducing splash erosion.

[0023] 3. In this example, the restraining mechanism forms a flexible, adaptive adjustment mechanism through a multi-directionally connected mounting base, connecting base, and connecting frame. The curved connecting rods and connecting bases exert dynamic pressure on the restraining net, enabling the protective net array to adjust its fit in real time according to the microtopography of the slope. This significantly increases the contact points between the anchor rods and the slope, improving the overall structural stability and anti-slip capability. At the same time, the distributed layout of the restraining anchor rods further strengthens the anchoring effect of the main steel cable frame, avoids local stress concentration, ensures the long-term reliability of the protection system in complex terrain, and provides close support for plant growth in the maintenance structure, promoting the synergy between ecological restoration and engineering protection.

[0024] It is to be understood that the foregoing general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only and are not restrictive of the invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] The above and other objects, features and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent through a more detailed description of exemplary embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings, wherein like reference numerals generally represent like components throughout the exemplary embodiments of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of an embodiment of the present invention from a first viewing angle;

[0027] Figure 2 This is a second perspective diagram of the overall structure of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the maintenance mechanism shown in the embodiment of the present invention from a first perspective;

[0029] Figure 4 This is a second perspective diagram of the maintenance mechanism structure shown in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 5 This is a third perspective diagram of the maintenance mechanism structure shown in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 6 This is a fourth perspective diagram of the structure of the maintenance mechanism shown in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 7This is a fifth perspective diagram of the structure of the maintenance mechanism shown in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 8 This is a sixth perspective of a schematic structural diagram of a maintenance mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 9 Schematic diagram of the limiting mechanism structure shown in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0035] The corresponding relationship between the illustration labels and component names in the figure is as follows:

[0036] 1. Main steel cable frame; 2. Fastening seat; 3. Restriction net; 4. Connecting strip; 5. Installation anchor rod; 6. Reinforcement strip; 7. Maintenance mechanism; 8. Restriction mechanism; 9. Mounting plate; 10. Installation base; 11. Connecting rod; 12. Restriction ring; 13. Matching groove; 14. Connecting plate; 15. Partition plate; 16. Connecting hole; 17. Through hole; 18. Shell; 19. Reinforcement rod; 20. Rib; 21. Water inlet; 22. Guide seat; 23. Water distribution seat; 24. Branch guide pipe; 25. Water-permeable hole; 26. Drain hole; 27. Horizontal strip; 28. Mounting seat; 29. ​​Connecting seat; 30. Connecting frame; 31. Restriction anchor rod. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by ordinary persons in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention. The preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Although the preferred embodiments of the present invention are shown in the accompanying drawings, it should be understood that the present invention can be implemented in various forms and should not be limited by the embodiments described here. On the contrary, these embodiments are provided to make the present invention more thorough and complete, and to be able to fully convey the scope of the present invention to those skilled in the art.

[0038] The terms used in this invention are for the purpose of describing specific embodiments only and are not intended to limit the invention. The singular forms "a," "the," and "the" used in this invention and the appended claims are also intended to include plural forms unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It should also be understood that the term "and / or" as used herein refers to and includes any or all possible combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

[0039] It should be understood that although the terms "first", "second", "third", etc. may be used to describe various information in the present invention, such information should not be limited to these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish information of the same type from each other. For example, without departing from the scope of the present invention, the first information may also be referred to as the second information, and similarly, the second information may also be referred to as the first information. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of such features. In the description of the present invention, "plurality" means two or more, unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0040] How to design an ecological protection structure and construction method for high and steep rock and soil slopes with screening function is the primary technical problem that technicians need to solve at present.

[0041] In response to the above problems, an embodiment of the present invention provides an ecological protection structure and construction method for steep rock and soil slopes. The structure can use a limiting mechanism to increase the fit between the device and the slope. In addition, the setting of a maintenance mechanism can increase vegetation growth and improve the ecological protection performance of the slope.

[0042] The technical solution of the embodiment of the present invention (Embodiment 1) is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0043] See also Figures 1 to 9 The ecological protection structure for the high and steep rock and soil slope specifically includes: a main steel cable frame 1, several of the main steel cable frames 1 are staggered in a field shape to form a main support structure, several staggered connection points of the main steel cable frames 1 are provided with fastening seats 2, a restriction net 3 is installed on one side of the main support structure formed by several of the main steel cable frames 1, and connecting strips 4 are equidistantly installed on the top of the main steel cable frame 1, and the connecting strips 4 are connected to the slope by installing anchor rods 5. It also includes: a maintenance mechanism 7, several of the maintenance mechanisms 7 are equidistantly fixedly installed on the side of the main support structure formed by the main steel cable frame 1 away from the restriction net 3, for providing a growth area for plants; a restriction mechanism 8, several of the restriction mechanisms 8 are equidistantly arranged on the main support structure formed by the main steel cable frame 1, and the restriction mechanism 8 is cooperatively connected to the main steel cable frame 1 to increase the contact points between the main steel cable frame 1 and the slope.

[0044] Specifically, several connecting strips 4 are connected to each other through reinforcing strips 6 .

[0045] Specifically, the maintenance mechanism 7 includes a mounting plate 9 equidistantly fixedly installed on the main steel cable rack 1, and a mounting base 10 is equidistantly fixedly installed on one side of the mounting plate 9, and a connecting rod 11 is equidistantly fixedly installed on the side of the mounting base 10 close to the mounting plate 9, and the two ends of the connecting rod 11 are respectively fixedly connected to the main steel cable rack 1, and a shell 18 is fixedly installed on one side of the mounting base 10, and a limiting ring 12 is installed on the connecting rod 11, and the limiting ring 12 is restrictedly connected to the shell 18, and the shell 18 is equidistantly provided with matching grooves 13 that are restrictedly matched with the limiting ring 12, and a connecting plate 14 is equidistantly fixedly installed on one side of the mounting base 10, and a partition plate 15 is equidistantly fixedly installed on one side of the mounting base 10, and the connecting plate 14 is matched with the partition plate 15, and a number of through holes 17 are equidistantly provided on the mounting base 10 and the connecting plate 14 for providing space for plant roots to contact the slope, and a water guide structure is fixedly installed on the top of the shell 18.

[0046] Specifically, the partition plates 15 are each provided with a connecting hole 16, so that a connected space is formed inside the mounting base 10 and the outer shell 18. Reinforcement rods 19 are fixedly installed at equal intervals between the mounting base 10 and the partition plates 15, and ribs 20 are evenly installed on several of the reinforcement rods 19, and the ribs 20 are fixedly connected to the inner side of the outer shell 18.

[0047] Specifically, a plurality of mounting holes are equidistantly provided at the bottom ends of the plurality of partition plates 15 , and a horizontal bar 27 is passed through and connected to the mounting holes at the bottom ends of the plurality of partition plates 15 .

[0048] Specifically, the water guide structure includes a water inlet 21 arranged at the top of the shell 18. A plurality of guide seats 22 are fixedly installed at the top of the shell 18 at equal intervals for accurately guiding rainwater, which match the space formed by the mounting base 10 and the partition plate 15. A plurality of water diversion seats 23 are fixedly installed at the top of the shell 18 at equal intervals. Branch conduits 24 are symmetrically fixedly installed at the bottom of the water diversion seats 23. The branch conduits 24 are arranged side by side in length and short order, and a plurality of water permeable holes 25 are evenly spaced and distributed circumferentially on the branch conduits 24.

[0049] Specifically, a plurality of drainage holes 26 are equidistantly provided at the bottom end of the housing 18 .

[0050] Specifically, the limiting mechanism 8 includes several mounting seats 28 installed on the main steel cable frame 1, one end of several of the mounting seats 28 is rotatably connected to a connecting seat 29, and the end of the connecting seat 29 away from the mounting seat 28 is rotatably connected to one end of a connecting frame 30, and a limiting anchor rod 31 is rotatably connected to the connecting frame 30, and the limiting anchor rod 31 is interconnected with the slope.

[0051] Specifically, the connecting rod 11 and the connecting seat 29 are both arranged in an arc shape, and are used to squeeze the restriction net 3 to increase the fit between the restriction net 3 and the slope.

[0052] In this embodiment, how to quickly complete the installation of the device, refer to Figures 1 to 4 , the specific implementation is as follows. First, the three-dimensional protection net array composed of the main steel cable frame 1, the fastening seat 2 and the restriction net 3 is used as the basic structure. The reliable anchoring with the slope rock and soil is achieved through the combined installation process of the connecting strip 4 and the installation anchor rod 5. In order to ensure the morphological adaptability of the protection system to the slope, the engineering personnel arranged the dynamic adjustment restriction mechanism 8 on the surface of the restriction net 3 according to the standard spacing. The device can realize flexible adaptive adjustment according to the micro-topography of the slope, effectively improving the fit of the protection net array and the stability of the overall structure. In order to further enhance the ecological efficiency of the protection system, a number of matrix maintenance mechanisms 7 are arranged on the basic structure. The unit adopts a modular design. Through the synergistic effect of vegetation substrate fixation and runoff regulation, a three-dimensional soil and water conservation system is formed, which promotes the natural restoration of the slope ecosystem while realizing engineering protection. This composite protection structure not only ensures the mechanical stability requirements of geotechnical engineering, but also achieves the sustainable maintenance goal of the ecological environment, avoiding soil erosion and falling rocks on the slope.

[0053] In this embodiment, how to form the assembly of the maintenance mechanism 7 is referred to Figures 3 to 8 After the basic assembly of the main steel cable rack 1 is completed, the construction workers implement the modular integration of the maintenance mechanism 7 step by step based on the terrain adaptation requirements. First, the support frame is built by the installation plate 9 and the connecting rod 11. Then the installation base 10 and the shell 18 are accurately positioned, and the limiting ring 12 is used to implement multi-directional locking to make the connection between the maintenance mechanism 7 and the main structure anti-slip. The internal space formed by the installation base 10 and the shell 18 is filled with an improved mixed soil matrix, and it is divided into several independent growth units by the partition plate 15 with the connecting hole 16, so that the vegetation is cultivated in different areas. , and with the help of connecting holes 16 with a certain porosity, a hydraulic balance network is formed to ensure uniform infiltration of runoff under heavy rain conditions. The through holes 17 set on the installation base 10 and the connecting plate 14 adopt a gradient aperture design and the inner wall is covered with an anti-corrosion filter membrane, which guides the plant roots to penetrate into the deep soil of the slope in a directional manner, forming a dual anchoring system of "mechanical anchor rods + biological roots", and simultaneously achieving zero loss control of the substrate and improved interface pull-out strength. This integrated design achieves a dynamic balance between engineering protection and ecological restoration through the synergistic effect of compartment-type substrate management, intelligent drainage channels and biomechanical enhancement.

[0054] In this embodiment, how to quickly guide rainwater, refer to Figure 7 and Figure 8The specific implementation method is as follows: during rainfall, the conical water inlet 21 at the top of the shell 18 transports rainwater to the target compartment in a directionally controlled manner through an optimized diversion design, and a two-stage infiltration structure is used to improve irrigation efficiency. In the primary infiltration stage, the differentiated branch pipes 24 configured at the bottom of the guide seat 22 implement deep penetration water injection, and the water holes 25 distributed in an annular manner on the pipe body realize three-dimensional diffusion of rainwater, accelerating the advancement speed of the substrate wetting front; in the secondary infiltration stage, horizontal strips 27 made of geotextile drainage boards are used to construct a horizontal water diversion network. Through the synergistic effect of capillary effect and gravity, the moisture difference between each compartment is reduced, effectively solving the problem of substrate compaction caused by local saturation. The water diversion structure can improve the rainwater utilization rate of traditional mixed soil matrix through the two-way regulation of "vertical penetration + horizontal balance".

[0055] It should be noted that the maintenance mechanism 7 can form a secondary reinforcement mechanism for the plant root system.

[0056] Biomechanical anchoring effect

[0057] The roots of the vegetation in the maintenance structure 7 extend through the pores of the base material into the slope soil layer, forming a natural reinforcement network. The friction and bite between the roots and the soil can significantly increase the shear strength of the soil, forming a "mechanical + biological" composite anchoring system that cooperates with the installation anchor rods 5, effectively strengthening the interface bonding between the protection network and the slope.

[0058] Hydrological regulation function

[0059] The root network increases soil pore connectivity, improves slope permeability, accelerates rainwater infiltration, and reduces pore water pressure, thereby reducing the risk of shallow slope slip. This process complements the slope stress redistribution function of the restriction network 3.

[0060] Anti-erosion performance of three-dimensional vegetation system

[0061] Anti-wind erosion mechanism

[0062] The vegetation in the maintenance unit 7 and the native plants on the slope together form a gradient canopy structure:

[0063] Surface layer: low-growing herbaceous plants cover the ground with dense creeping stems, directly resisting wind stripping;

[0064] Middle layer: shrub roots penetrate the maintenance structure 7 and take root inside the slope, forming a vertical anchoring layer;

[0065] Upper air layer: vines grow along the restriction net 3, forming a wind barrier to reduce the wind speed near the ground;

[0066] The three-dimensional arrangement of vegetation layers can provide both short-term coverage and long-term stability;

[0067] Anti-rainwater erosion performance

[0068] The three-dimensional vegetation system provides three-level protection: interception, energy dissipation, and drainage.

[0069] Canopy interception: Vegetation leaves can intercept some rainfall, delaying the formation of runoff;

[0070] Energy dissipation through stems and leaves: Plant communities attenuate the kinetic energy of raindrops, reducing splash erosion;

[0071] In this embodiment, how to improve the adhesion between the restriction net 3 and the slope, refer to Figure 9 The specific implementation method is as follows: after the basic structure is completed, the staff will install the limiting component formed by the mounting seat 28, the connecting seat 29 and the connecting frame 30 in the small frame formed by the main steel cable frame 1. Subsequently, the position of the connecting frame 30 is limited by the limiting anchor rod 31, and the limiting net 3 is restricted to further increase the fit between the limiting net 3 and the slope, avoid the fall of falling rocks, and reduce the distance between the maintenance mechanism 7 and the slope surface, which is conducive to the growth of plants.

[0072] The scheme of the present invention has been described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the above embodiments, the description of each embodiment has its own focus. For parts not described in detail in a particular embodiment, reference can be made to the relevant descriptions of other embodiments. Those skilled in the art should also be aware that the actions and modules mentioned in this description are not necessarily required for the present invention. In addition, it is understood that the steps in the method of the embodiment of the present invention can be adjusted in order, combined, or deleted according to actual needs, and the structures in the device of the embodiment of the present invention can be combined, divided, or deleted according to actual needs.

[0073] While various embodiments of the present invention have been described above, the foregoing description is intended to be illustrative, non-exhaustive, and not limited to the disclosed embodiments. Many modifications and variations will be apparent to those skilled in the art without departing from the scope and spirit of the described embodiments. The terminology used herein is selected to best explain the principles of the embodiments, their practical applications, or improvements to existing technologies, or to enable others skilled in the art to understand the embodiments disclosed herein.

Claims

1. An ecological protection structure for high and steep rock and soil slopes, comprising: A main steel cable rack (1), wherein a plurality of the main steel cable racks (1) are staggered in a field shape to form a main support structure, wherein the staggered connection points of the plurality of the main steel cable racks (1) are all provided with fastening seats (2), a restriction net (3) is installed on one side of the main support structure formed by the plurality of the main steel cable racks (1), and a connecting bar (4) is equidistantly installed at the top end of the main steel cable rack (1), and the connecting bar (4) is connected to the slope by installing an anchor rod (5); It is characterized by further comprising: Maintenance mechanisms (7), wherein a plurality of maintenance mechanisms (7) are fixedly installed at equal intervals on a side of the main support structure formed by the main steel cable rack (1) away from the restriction net (3), and are used to provide a growth area for plants; A limiting mechanism (8), wherein a plurality of the limiting mechanisms (8) are equidistantly arranged on the main support structure formed by the main steel cable rack (1), and the limiting mechanism (8) is cooperatively connected with the main steel cable rack (1) to increase the contact points between the main steel cable rack (1) and the slope; The maintenance mechanism (7) includes a mounting plate (9) fixedly mounted on the main steel cable rack (1) at equal intervals, a mounting base (10) fixedly mounted on one side of the mounting plate (9) at equal intervals, a connecting rod (11) fixedly mounted on the side of the mounting base (10) close to the mounting plate (9), and both ends of the connecting rod (11) are fixedly connected to the main steel cable rack (1), a housing (18) fixedly mounted on one side of the mounting base (10), a limiting ring (12) mounted on the connecting rod (11), and the limiting ring (12) and the housing (18) are limited. The mounting base (10) is fixedly provided with a connecting plate (14) at equal intervals on one side of the mounting base (10), and a partition plate (15) is fixedly provided with an equal interval on one side of the mounting base (10), and the connecting plate (14) and the partition plate (15) are connected in a matching manner. A plurality of through holes (17) are provided at equal intervals on the mounting base (10) and the connecting plate (14) for providing space for plant roots to contact the slope. A water guide structure is fixedly provided on the top of the housing (18).

2. The high and steep rock and soil slope ecological protection structure according to claim 1 is characterized by: The plurality of connecting strips (4) are connected to each other through reinforcing strips (6).

3. The high and steep rock and soil slope ecological protection structure according to claim 2 is characterized by: The partition plates (15) are each provided with a communicating hole (16), so that a communicating space is formed inside the mounting base (10) and the housing (18). Reinforcement rods (19) are fixedly installed at equal intervals between the mounting base (10) and the partition plates (15). Ribs (20) are evenly installed on a plurality of the reinforcement rods (19), and the ribs (20) are fixedly connected to the inner side of the housing (18).

4. The high and steep rock and soil slope ecological protection structure according to claim 3 is characterized by: A plurality of mounting holes are equidistantly provided at the bottom ends of the plurality of partition plates (15), and a horizontal bar (27) is connected through the mounting holes at the bottom ends of the plurality of partition plates (15).

5. The high and steep rock and soil slope ecological protection structure according to claim 4 is characterized by: The water guide structure includes a water inlet (21) arranged at the top of the shell (18); a plurality of guide seats (22) are fixedly installed at equal intervals on the top of the shell (18) for accurately guiding rainwater and matching the space formed by the mounting base (10) and the partition plate (15); a plurality of water diversion seats (23) are fixedly installed at equal intervals on the top of the shell (18); a branch conduit (24) is symmetrically fixedly installed at the bottom of the water diversion seat (23); the branch conduits (24) are arranged in parallel with each other in length, and a plurality of water permeable holes (25) are evenly spaced and distributed in a circumferential manner on the branch conduits (24).

6. The high and steep rock and soil slope ecological protection structure according to claim 5 is characterized by: The bottom end of the housing (18) is provided with a plurality of drainage holes (26) at equal intervals.

7. The high and steep rock and soil slope ecological protection structure according to claim 6 is characterized by: The limiting mechanism (8) includes a plurality of mounting seats (28) mounted on the main steel cable rack (1), one end of each of the mounting seats (28) is rotatably connected to a connecting seat (29), one end of the connecting seat (29) away from the mounting seat (28) is rotatably connected to one end of a connecting frame (30), a limiting anchor rod (31) is rotatably connected to the connecting frame (30), and the limiting anchor rod (31) is connected to the slope.

8. The high and steep rock and soil slope ecological protection structure according to claim 7 is characterized by: The connecting rod (11) and the connecting seat (29) are both arranged in an arc shape and are used to squeeze the restriction net (3) to increase the fit between the restriction net (3) and the slope.

9. A construction method, applicable to the high and steep rock and soil slope ecological protection structure according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: include: S1. Main body construction: Construction personnel position and install the basic protection network array consisting of the main steel cable frame (1), the rock anchor fastening seat (2) and the high-strength restriction net (3) in sequence according to the actual construction slope shape, adjust the spatial topological relationship of the network array units, realize the three-dimensional shape fitting of the protection mechanism and the slope surface, and effectively suppress the slippage of the surface rock and soil; S2, local repair, when the main basic protection net array is built, at this time, the staff will install a number of restriction mechanisms (8) to make the restriction net (3) fit the surface of the slope more closely, implement secondary shape control, further improve the connection point between the device as a whole and the slope, and increase the stability of the device and the overall structural strength; S3. Biological planting. After completing the construction of the structure, the staff will install several maintenance mechanisms (7) at intervals on the pre-installed basic protection net array. In addition, the interior of the maintenance mechanism (7) is pre-filled with traditional mixed soil matrix for plant cultivation and plant seeds suitable for growing on the slope, so that the plants can grow quickly and form a secondary protection mechanism.

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