Automatic backfilling and compacting device for construction site foundation and construction method

Abstract

The invention discloses a construction site foundation automatic backfilling and compacting device and a construction method.The construction site foundation automatic backfilling and compacting device comprises an integrated control system, a crushing and drying system, a shaftless spiral conveying device and a drop hammer type tamping system, and the crushing and drying system is used for detecting the moisture of original backfilling soil and crushing and drying the backfilling soil under the control of the integrated control system; the shaftless spiral conveying device comprises a rotating mechanism, a flexible shell, a shaftless spiral blade, a conveying motor, a telescopic supporting device and a recycling device, the telescopic supporting device and the recycling device are both installed on the rotating mechanism, the flexible shell is installed on the telescopic supporting device, the shaftless spiral blade is arranged in the flexible shell, and the conveying motor is connected with the shaftless spiral blade. The motor is connected with the conveying motor; the drop hammer type tamping system is provided with a compaction detection mechanism, and the compaction detection mechanism is matched with the integrated control system and used for detecting the compaction degree of a tamped position; according to the invention, the backfill soil quality is optimized, the earthwork conveying efficiency and safety are improved, and scientific tamping operation is realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of foundation backfilling, and in particular to an automatic backfilling and compacting device for foundations on a construction site and a construction method. Background Art

[0002] Traditional construction backfilling has long been limited in its methods, often relying on manual labor or the assistance of simple, rudimentary machinery. This approach has led to numerous drawbacks, severely hampering improvements in building quality and efficiency.

[0003] During the pre-treatment phase of backfill soil, the lack of advanced, sophisticated, and specialized processing equipment resulted in a remarkably crude and haphazard process. The most obvious manifestation of this was the presence of oversized lumps and excessive moisture content. Numerous massive, unbroken and unscreened lumps of backfill, some exceeding 30 centimeters in diameter, were directly buried in the foundation pits, creating vast overhead areas within the foundation. This prevented the soil particles from fitting tightly together, severely damaging the integrity of the foundation structure and significantly weakening its load-bearing capacity. Furthermore, excessive moisture content made compaction difficult, leading to problems such as foundation settlement and collapse.

[0004] During the backfill transportation phase, due to the impact of road conditions on the construction site, the backfill cannot be directly spread out in the designated area after arriving at the site. Instead, it needs to be piled up and transported by excavators and bulldozers, which is a serious waste of resources. Furthermore, the use of large machinery can cause varying degrees of damage to the building foundation.

[0005] During the compaction phase, construction workers mostly relied on their personal experience and simple tools, lacking unified, scientific operational procedures and professional, efficient compaction equipment. This resulted in inconsistent and uneven compaction of the backfill soil during actual operations. Some areas were overcompacted, damaging the soil structure, while others were undercompacted, leaving the soil loose and unable to maintain compaction. This significantly compromised the stability of the entire foundation and created quality and safety risks for the building.

[0006] Among existing patents, the utility model patent application CN202420115761.0 provides a backfill soil conveying device for backfill construction sites. The device comprises a support frame with a belt conveyor mounted on its upper end. A connecting plate is fixedly connected to the upper left end of the belt conveyor, and a crushing box is fixedly connected to the right side of the connecting plate. A crushing mechanism comprises two rotating shafts symmetrically connected between the front and rear inner walls of the crushing box, each of which has multiple crushing blades evenly spaced. A feed hopper is mounted on the upper end of the crushing box, and a discharge port is provided at the inner bottom of the crushing box. A drive mechanism is used to drive the crushing mechanism. During use, this conveying device crushes the soil before conveying it, ensuring stability after subsequent filling. However, it lacks a drying function and cannot dry backfill soil with excessive moisture content. Moreover, conveying via a conveyor belt is very inflexible and often requires secondary conveying.

[0007] Among the existing patent technologies, the invention patent with application number CN202210333458.3 provides an earth backfill compactor and compaction method. By setting a feeding mechanism, it is mainly used to fill soil into the interior of the pit. At the same time, by setting a driving motor, a threaded rod, a spray head and an elastic telescopic pipe fitting for use, the spray head can be moved horizontally on the support frame, so that it can spray soil at different positions of the pit at the same time, so that the soil can be evenly distributed in the pit, and the addition and spreading of soil are carried out simultaneously, which can well avoid soil accumulation and eliminate manual spreading operations, greatly reducing the workload of the staff, making soil filling easier and more convenient. However, this earth backfill compactor and compaction method cannot detect the degree of compaction and cannot ensure uniform compaction in each area.

[0008] Furthermore, from a macro perspective of the entire construction process, the various steps involved in foundation backfill and compaction on construction sites are currently fragmented, lacking effective coordination and linkage mechanisms. Pretreatment, transportation, and compaction processes are each independently managed, with poor information flow and a failure to form a cohesive whole. Construction workers are often juggling various steps, leading to irrational resource allocation and the unnecessary waste of significant manpower and material resources. This intertwined and multiplied set of issues ultimately results in extremely low construction site efficiency and inconsistent backfill quality, making it difficult to meet high building standards. Summary of the Invention

[0009] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an automatic backfilling and compacting device and construction method for construction site foundations, aiming to improve the problems of poor pre-treatment quality of backfill soil, low earthwork transportation efficiency and easy damage to the foundation, unscientific compaction, lack of coordination in construction links, etc. in traditional construction site foundation backfill operations, which lead to low construction efficiency and difficulty in ensuring quality.

[0010] To achieve the above-mentioned object, according to one aspect of the present invention, the present invention provides an automatic backfilling and compacting device for a construction site foundation, comprising an integrated control system, and further comprising:

[0011] Crushing and drying system, used to detect the moisture content of the original backfill soil and crush and dry the backfill soil under the control of the integrated control system;

[0012] A shaftless spiral conveying device includes a rotating mechanism, a flexible housing, a shaftless spiral blade, a conveying motor, a telescopic support device, and a recovery device. The telescopic support device and the recovery device are both mounted on the rotating mechanism, and the recovery device is connected to the crushing and drying system. The flexible housing is mounted on the telescopic support device, and the shaftless spiral blade is disposed in the flexible housing. The shaftless spiral blade is connected to the conveying motor. The recovery device has a discharge port, and the discharge port is connected to the flexible housing.

[0013] The drop hammer compaction system has a compaction detection mechanism, which cooperates with the integrated control system to detect the compaction degree of the compacted position.

[0014] Furthermore, the crushing and drying system is installed on a recovery device, and the crushing and drying system includes an outer shell, a crushing mechanism, a drying mechanism and a moisture detection mechanism. The crushing mechanism, the drying mechanism and the moisture detection mechanism are all arranged in the outer shell. The crushing mechanism is used to crush backfill soil, the drying mechanism is used to dry backfill soil, and the moisture detection mechanism is used to detect the moisture content of the original soil entering the outer shell; the outer shell has a feed port and a discharge port, and its discharge port is connected to the recovery device.

[0015] Furthermore, the crushing mechanism includes a plurality of crushing drums and a driving mechanism, wherein the driving mechanism is connected to the crushing drums and is used to drive the crushing drums to rotate.

[0016] Furthermore, the drying mechanism includes a accommodating shell, which is arranged in the outer shell. The accommodating shell and the outer shell form an accommodating cavity, in which an electric heating element is provided. The accommodating cavity has an air inlet and an air outlet, and the air inlet is arranged on the outer shell. A conveying fan is installed at the air inlet, and the air outlet is connected to an exhaust duct.

[0017] Furthermore, the drop hammer compaction system is connected to the telescopic support device, and the drop hammer compaction system also includes a shell, a hammer, a lifting punch motor, a connecting piece and a covering device. The hammer, the lifting punch motor, the connecting piece and the covering device are all arranged in the shell, the lifting punch motor is connected to the hammer through a connecting piece, and the compaction detection mechanism is arranged at the lower end of the hammer.

[0018] Furthermore, the integrated control system includes a transport vehicle and a central control box installed on the transport vehicle. A PLC controller is integrated inside the central control box. A control program is preset in the PLC controller. The PLC controller performs program control on the crushing and drying system, the shaftless screw conveying device and the drop hammer compaction system based on the data received in real time.

[0019] Furthermore, the transport vehicle is of a crawler or wheeled structure, has good off-road performance and maneuverability, and can adapt to the complex terrain environment of the construction site; the rotating mechanism includes a rotating base and a support frame rotatably connected to the rotating base, the rotating base is installed on the transport vehicle, and the telescopic support device and the recovery device are both installed on the support frame; a plurality of supporting hydraulic cylinders are arranged around the transport vehicle, the piston rod of the supporting hydraulic cylinder extends downward, and the lower end of the piston rod is provided with a supporting foot for increasing the contact area with the ground.

[0020] Furthermore, a data processing module and a wireless communication module are also provided inside the central control box, and the PLC controller and the wireless communication module are electrically connected to the data processing module; the data processing module is used to receive, analyze and store data collected by various devices or systems; the wireless communication module uses any one of a 4G communication module, a 5G communication module, and a WiFi communication module, and the data processing module is connected to the remote control terminal through the wireless communication module, and the remote control terminal includes one or more of a smart phone, a tablet computer, and a PC.

[0021] According to a second aspect of the present invention, the present invention provides a construction method for a construction site foundation, which is carried out using the above-mentioned automatic backfilling and compacting device for the construction site foundation.

[0022] Furthermore, the method specifically includes the following steps:

[0023] S100, backfill soil pretreatment: Untreated raw backfill soil is conveyed to a crushing and drying system. The crushing and drying system performs real-time moisture content detection on the raw backfill soil and transmits the detection result to an integrated control system. When it is detected that the moisture content of the raw backfill soil exceeds the standard, the integrated control system controls the crushing and drying system to dry and crush the backfill soil according to the moisture content of the raw backfill soil. When it is detected that the moisture content of the raw backfill soil does not exceed the standard, the integrated control system controls the crushing and drying system to only crush the backfill soil.

[0024] S200, Backfill Soil Conveying: The shaftless screw conveying device rotates and adjusts its extension and contraction according to the specific location of the backfill area, so that the discharge end of the flexible shell extends to the area requiring backfilling. The conveying motor is started to drive the shaftless screw blades to rotate, conveying the pre-treated backfill soil to the area requiring backfilling.

[0025] S300, backfill soil tamping: When the backfill soil is transported to the designated area and reaches the predetermined elevation, the drop hammer compaction system is started to compact the backfill soil with strong punching. During the compaction process, the compaction detection mechanism monitors the compaction degree of the backfill soil in real time and feeds back the data to the integrated control system. The integrated control system automatically adjusts the compaction strength and number of compactions based on the feedback information from the compaction detection mechanism to ensure that the density of the backfill soil meets the engineering requirements.

[0026] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0027] 1. Optimized backfill soil quality: The crushing and drying system, combined with a moisture detection mechanism, accurately detects the moisture content of the original backfill soil. If the moisture content exceeds the standard, automatic drying and crushing are performed; otherwise, only crushing is performed, ensuring that the moisture and particle size of the backfill soil meet construction standards. Compared with the extensive pretreatment methods used in traditional operations, this significantly improves the quality of backfill soil pretreatment.

[0028] 2. Improved earthwork conveying efficiency and safety: The shaftless screw conveyor can flexibly rotate and extend according to the backfill area. Its flexible shell and shaftless screw blades work together to evenly and continuously transport backfill soil to the designated location, avoiding accumulation and poor conveying, and reducing waste of manpower and material resources. Furthermore, the device can be installed on a transport vehicle and can be flexibly moved around the construction site. Compared to traditional earthwork conveying methods, it significantly improves conveying efficiency and does not damage the foundation structure.

[0029] 3. Scientific compaction: The drop-hammer compaction system is equipped with a compaction detection mechanism that uses pressure sensors or accelerometers to monitor backfill compaction in real time and feeds this data back to the integrated control system. The integrated control system automatically adjusts the compaction force and frequency based on this feedback to ensure that the backfill density meets project requirements. This eliminates the traditional reliance on experience and lack of precise control in compaction operations, achieving scientific and precise compaction.

[0030] 4. Enhanced coordination across construction processes: The integrated control system, serving as the core, collects and analyzes operating data from each device and system in real time. Based on this feedback, it coordinates and controls the operating parameters of the crushing and drying system, the shaftless screw conveyor, and the drop hammer compaction system. Operators can also monitor and adjust parameters in real time via a remote control terminal, ensuring close coordination and collaboration across all construction processes. This effectively addresses the inefficiency inherent in traditional construction processes, which are often driven by independence and lack of coordination.

[0031] 5. Guaranteed construction efficiency and quality: Through the coordinated optimization of the above-mentioned devices and systems, the entire construction process, from backfill soil pretreatment to compaction completion, has achieved automated and intelligent control, reducing interference from human factors. While improving construction efficiency, it ensures that the construction quality meets the design requirements, laying a solid foundation for subsequent construction and overcoming the difficulty of traditional construction methods in ensuring construction efficiency and quality. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0032] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the automatic backfilling and compacting device for the construction site foundation provided by the present invention;

[0033] Figure 2 This is a structural diagram of the crushing and drying system of the automatic backfilling and compacting device for construction site foundations provided by the present invention;

[0034] Figure 3 This is a structural schematic diagram of a shaftless screw conveying device of an automatic backfilling and compacting device for a construction site foundation provided by the present invention;

[0035] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of the drop hammer compaction system of the automatic backfill compaction device for construction site foundation provided by the present invention.

[0036] Figure numerals: 1. Integrated control system; 2. Crushing and drying system; 21. Shell; 22. Crushing mechanism; 23. Drying mechanism; 24. Moisture detection mechanism; 3. Shaftless screw conveying device; 31. Rotation mechanism; 32. Flexible shell; 33. Shaftless screw blade; 34. Conveying motor; 35. Telescopic support device; 36. Recovery device; 4. Drop hammer compaction system; 41. Shell; 42. Hammer; 43. Lifting and punching motor; 44. Capping device; 45. Compaction detection mechanism. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," "connect," "fixed," etc. should be understood broadly. For example, they may refer to fixed connection, detachable connection, or integration; mechanical connection or electrical connection; direct connection or indirect connection through an intermediate medium; internal communication between two components or interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention based on specific circumstances.

[0038] The following is a further description with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments:

[0039] Example 1

[0040] This embodiment provides a construction site foundation automatic backfill compaction device, such as Figure 1As shown, the transport vehicle comprises an integrated control system 1, a crushing and drying system 2, a shaftless screw conveyor 3, and a drop-hammer compaction system 4. The integrated control system 1 includes a transport vehicle and a central control box mounted on the transport vehicle. The crushing and drying system 2, the shaftless screw conveyor 3, and the drop-hammer compaction system 4 are all mounted on the transport vehicle and electrically connected to the central control box. The transport vehicle is tracked or wheeled, offering excellent off-road performance and maneuverability, making it suitable for the complex terrain of a construction site. Multiple support hydraulic cylinders are positioned around the transport vehicle. The piston rods of these support hydraulic cylinders extend downward, and the lower ends of these piston rods are equipped with support legs to increase the contact area with the ground. After the transport vehicle arrives at the construction site, the support legs are slowly lowered by the support hydraulic cylinders until they firmly contact the ground before backfilling and compaction operations begin. As the hydraulic system continues to operate, the support hydraulic cylinders extend, steadily lifting the entire vehicle body and freeing the tires or tracks from the ground. At this point, the weight of the entire device is borne entirely by the support legs. By adjusting the telescopic length of the supporting hydraulic cylinders at different positions, the vehicle body can be kept in a horizontal state, providing a solid foundation for the stable operation of the crushing and drying system 2, the shaftless screw conveyor 3 and the drop hammer compaction system 4. This effectively prevents the device from tilting or even overturning due to uneven ground or uneven force during the backfill and compaction operation, thereby ensuring construction safety and operation accuracy.

[0041] The central control box integrates a programmable logic controller (PLC) controller, a data processing module, and a wireless communication module. Both the PLC controller and the wireless communication module are electrically connected to the data processing module. The PLC controller is pre-programmed with a control program. Based on real-time data received, the PLC controller controls the crushing and drying system 2, the shaftless screw conveyor 3, and the drop-hammer compaction system 4. The data processing module is used to receive, analyze, and store data collected by each device or system, such as soil moisture and temperature data detected by the crushing and drying system 2, motor speed and conveyance data of the shaftless screw conveyor 3, and compaction data of the drop-hammer compaction system 4, providing data support for the optimized operation of the entire device. The wireless communication module uses any of 4G, 5G, or WiFi communication modules. The data processing module is connected to a remote control terminal via the wireless communication module. The remote control terminal can be one or more of a smartphone, tablet computer, or PC. This allows operators to remotely monitor and operate the entire device through the remote control terminal, view the device's operating status and fault alarm information in real time, and remotely adjust operating parameters.

[0042] In addition, a high-definition camera and radar detection device are installed on the front of the transport vehicle. The camera is used to monitor the working environment and obstacles in front of the device in real time, and the radar detection device can accurately detect the distance and direction of surrounding objects. The two work together to provide perception data for the device's automatic obstacle avoidance and path planning. Combined with the navigation algorithm in the integrated control system, the device can realize autonomous movement and work path planning at the construction site.

[0043] like Figure 1 and 3 As shown, the shaftless screw conveyor 3 includes a rotating mechanism 31, a flexible housing 32, a shaftless spiral blade 33, a conveying motor 34, a telescopic support device 35, and a recovery device 36. The rotating mechanism 31 includes a rotating base and a support frame rotatably connected to the rotating base. The rotating base is mounted on a transport vehicle. The rotating base includes a slewing drive device consisting of a slewing support structure, a slewing hydraulic motor, a planetary gear reducer, and a slewing pinion, a hydraulic control system, a braking device, etc. The telescopic support device 35 and the recovery device 36 are both mounted on the support frame of the rotating mechanism 31. The flexible housing 32 is mounted on the telescopic support device 35. The shaftless spiral blade 33 is disposed in the flexible housing 32 and is connected to the conveying motor 34. The recovery device 36 has a discharge port, which is connected to the flexible housing 32.

[0044] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the crushing and drying system 2 is mounted on the recovery device 36 and includes a housing 21, a crushing mechanism 22, a drying mechanism 23, and a moisture detection mechanism 24. The housing 21 has a feed inlet and a discharge port, and the discharge port is connected to the recovery device 36. The crushing mechanism 22, the drying mechanism 23, and the moisture detection mechanism 24 are all disposed within the housing 21. The crushing mechanism 22 includes multiple crushing drums and a drive mechanism connected to the crushing drums, which rotates the crushing drums and thereby crushes the backfill. The drying mechanism 23 includes a housing, which is disposed within the housing 21. The housing and the housing 21 form a chamber, which contains an electric heating element. The chamber has an air inlet and an air outlet. The air inlet is disposed on the housing 21 and is equipped with a conveying fan. The air outlet is connected to an exhaust duct. The exhaust duct evenly distributes hot air into the housing 21 to dry the backfill. The moisture detection mechanism 24 uses a capacitive sensor or a resistive sensor that can detect soil moisture in real time. The moisture detection mechanism 24 is used to detect the moisture content of the original soil entering the shell 21, and pass the detection results to the data processing module and the PLC controller, so that the integrated control system 1 can intelligently adjust the working parameters of the crushing mechanism 22 and the dryer 23 according to the moisture content data to maximize the guarantee that the backfill soil moisture meets the construction standards.

[0045] like Figure 1and Figure 4 As shown, the drop-hammer compaction system 4 is connected to the telescopic support device 35 and includes a housing 41, a hammer 42, a lifting and punching motor 43, a connector, a cover device 44, and a compaction detection mechanism 45. The hammer 42, lifting and punching motor 43, the connector, and the cover device 44 are all disposed within the housing 41. The lifting and punching motor 43 is connected to the hammer 42 via a connector. The compaction detection mechanism 45 is disposed at the lower end of the hammer 42. The compaction detection mechanism 45 can utilize a pressure sensor or an acceleration sensor. The pressure sensor directly measures the pressure exerted on the ground by the hammer 42 during the compaction process, reflecting the degree of soil compaction by detecting the pressure value. Because the reaction force on the hammer 42 gradually increases as the soil is compacted, the pressure sensor can monitor this pressure change in real time, providing data for determining the degree of soil compaction. The acceleration sensor indirectly reflects the soil compaction condition by measuring the acceleration change of the hammer 42 during the impact process. When the hammer 42 strikes the ground, its acceleration varies depending on the density of the soil. Softer soils result in relatively smaller acceleration changes, while denser soils result in larger acceleration changes. By analyzing the data collected by the acceleration sensor, the degree of soil compaction can be assessed, and the compaction effect can be determined.

[0046] Example 2

[0047] This embodiment provides a construction method for a construction site foundation, and the construction is performed using the automatic backfilling and compacting device for the construction site foundation provided in Example 1.

[0048] The construction method specifically includes the following steps:

[0049] S000, Construction Preparation: Before construction begins, move the automatic backfill and compaction device to the construction site and install and debug it to optimal working condition. At the same time, check whether all devices and system components of the device are operating normally to ensure that they are in good working condition and fully prepare for subsequent construction.

[0050] S100, backfill soil pretreatment: The untreated raw backfill soil is conveyed to the housing 21 of the crushing and drying system 2. The moisture detection mechanism 24 performs real-time moisture content detection on the raw backfill soil and transmits the detection result to the integrated control system 1. If the moisture content of the raw backfill soil is detected to be above the standard, the integrated control system 1 controls the crushing and drying system 2 to dry and crush the backfill soil according to the moisture content of the raw backfill soil, remove excess moisture, and crush the soil to obtain backfill soil of appropriate particle size and moisture content. If the moisture content of the raw backfill soil is detected to be within the standard, the integrated control system 1 controls the crushing and drying system 2 to only crush the backfill soil. The pretreated backfill soil is conveyed to the recovery device 36 of the shaftless screw conveyor 3.

[0051] S200, Backfill Soil Transport: The shaftless spiral conveyor 3 rotates and adjusts its length based on the specific location of the backfill area, extending the discharge end of the flexible housing 32 to the area requiring backfill. The conveying motor 34 is activated, driving the shaftless spiral blades 33 to rotate, efficiently and stably transporting the pre-treated backfill soil along a predetermined path to the area requiring backfill. The design of the shaftless spiral blades 33 ensures uniform and continuous distribution of the backfill soil during transport, preventing backfill accumulation or poor transport, while also reducing waste of manpower and resources.

[0052] S300, Backfill Compaction: Once the backfill has been transported to the designated area and reached the predetermined elevation, the drop hammer compaction system 4 is activated. The lifting ram motor 43, via a connector, drives the ram 42 upward to the capping device 44. The ram 42 is then accelerated downward in the reverse direction, forcefully compacting the backfill. During the compaction process, the compaction detection mechanism 45 monitors the backfill's compaction in real time and feeds this data back to the integrated control system 1. Based on the feedback from the compaction detection mechanism 45, the integrated control system 1 automatically adjusts the tamping force and number of compactions to ensure that the backfill's density meets the project's requirements.

[0053] S400, Construction Completion and Acceptance: Construction is complete when the backfill in all areas reaches the predetermined elevation and its compaction meets project requirements. Operators review the entire construction process using the integrated control system 1, recording key parameters and construction data for reference in subsequent construction. Finally, professional personnel conduct a quality inspection of the backfill area, checking the density and flatness of the backfill, as well as its impact on the foundation structure, to ensure that construction quality meets design requirements and lay a solid foundation for subsequent construction.

[0054] Throughout the construction process, the integrated control system 1 serves as the central control center, collecting, analyzing, and processing real-time operational data from various devices and systems. This includes key parameters such as backfill moisture content, particle size, conveying speed, and compaction quality. Based on the real-time feedback provided by the integrated control system 1, operators can flexibly adjust the operating parameters of various devices and systems, such as the crushing drum speed, drying mechanism 23 power, shaftless screw conveyor 3 conveying speed, and drop hammer compaction system 4 compaction strength, ensuring efficient and orderly construction. If an abnormality is detected, the integrated control system 1 can promptly issue an alarm and suspend relevant operations, effectively preventing construction errors.

[0055] In summary, the present invention has the following technical effects:

[0056] First, it optimizes backfill soil quality: The crushing and drying system 2, combined with the moisture detection mechanism 24, accurately detects the moisture content of the original backfill soil. If the moisture content exceeds the standard, drying and crushing are automatically performed; otherwise, only crushing is performed, ensuring that the moisture content and particle size of the backfill soil meet construction standards. Compared with the extensive pretreatment methods used in traditional operations, this significantly improves the quality of backfill soil pretreatment.

[0057] Secondly, it improves the efficiency and safety of earthwork transportation: the shaftless screw conveyor 3 can flexibly rotate and adjust its length according to the backfill area. Its flexible housing 32 and shaftless screw blades 33 work together to evenly and continuously transport backfill soil to the designated location, avoiding accumulation and poor conveying, and reducing waste of manpower and material resources. Furthermore, the device can be mounted on a transport vehicle and flexibly moved around the construction site, significantly improving transportation efficiency compared to traditional earthwork transportation methods without damaging the underlying structure.

[0058] Third, scientific compaction operations are achieved: Drop-hammer compaction system 4 is equipped with a compaction detection mechanism 45, which uses a pressure sensor or accelerometer to monitor the backfill compaction degree in real time and feeds this data back to integrated control system 1. Integrated control system 1 automatically adjusts the compaction force and frequency based on this feedback to ensure that the backfill density meets project requirements. This changes the traditional compaction operation's reliance on experience and lack of precise control, achieving scientific and precise compaction operations.

[0059] Fourth, it enhances the coordination of construction processes: The integrated control system 1, serving as the core, collects and analyzes operating data from each device and system in real time. Based on this feedback, it coordinates and controls the operating parameters of the crushing and drying system 2, the shaftless screw conveyor 3, and the drop hammer compaction system 4. Operators can also monitor and adjust parameters in real time via a remote control terminal, enabling close coordination and collaboration across all construction processes. This effectively addresses the inefficiency inherent in traditional construction processes, which are often caused by the independence and lack of coordination between different links.

[0060] Fifth, it ensures construction efficiency and quality: through the coordinated optimization of the above-mentioned devices and systems, the entire construction process from backfill soil pretreatment to compaction completion has achieved automation and intelligent control, reducing interference from human factors. While improving construction efficiency, it ensures that the construction quality meets the design requirements, lays a solid foundation for subsequent construction, and overcomes the problem that traditional construction methods are difficult to ensure construction efficiency and quality.

[0061] The above is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Those skilled in the art will readily appreciate that the present invention is susceptible to various modifications and variations. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, or improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention are intended to be within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An automatic backfilling and compacting device for construction site foundation, characterized in that: The system comprises an integrated control system (1), and further comprises: A crushing and drying system (2) is used to detect the moisture content of the original backfill soil and crush and dry the backfill soil under the control of the integrated control system (1); A shaftless spiral conveying device (3) comprises a rotating mechanism (31), a flexible housing (32), a shaftless spiral blade (33), a conveying motor (34), a telescopic support device (35) and a recovery device (36), wherein the telescopic support device (35) and the recovery device (36) are both mounted on the rotating mechanism (31), and the recovery device (36) is connected to a crushing and drying system; the flexible housing (32) is mounted on the telescopic support device (35), the shaftless spiral blade (33) is arranged in the flexible housing (32), and the shaftless spiral blade (33) is connected to the conveying motor (34); the recovery device (36) has a discharge port, and the discharge port is connected to the flexible housing (32); The drop hammer compaction system (4) has a compaction detection mechanism (45), and the compaction detection mechanism (45) cooperates with the integrated control system (1) to detect the compaction degree of the compacted position.

2. The automatic backfilling and compacting device for construction site foundation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The crushing and drying system (2) is installed on the recovery device (36). The crushing and drying system (2) includes a shell (21), a crushing mechanism (22), a drying mechanism (23) and a moisture detection mechanism (24). The crushing mechanism (22), the drying mechanism (23) and the moisture detection mechanism (24) are all arranged in the shell (21). The crushing mechanism (22) is used to crush backfill soil, the drying mechanism (23) is used to dry backfill soil, and the moisture detection mechanism (24) is used to detect the moisture content of the original soil entering the shell (21); the shell (21) has a feed port and a discharge port, and the discharge port is connected to the recovery device (36).

3. The automatic backfilling and compacting device for construction site foundation according to claim 2, characterized in that: The crushing mechanism (22) comprises a plurality of crushing drums and a driving mechanism, wherein the driving mechanism is connected to the crushing drums and is used to drive the crushing drums to rotate.

4. The automatic backfilling and compacting device for construction site foundation according to claim 2, characterized in that: The drying mechanism (23) includes a housing, the housing is arranged in the outer shell (21), the housing and the outer shell (21) enclose a housing cavity, an electric heating element is arranged in the housing cavity, the housing cavity has an air inlet and an air outlet, the air inlet is arranged on the outer shell (21), a conveying fan is installed at the air inlet, and the air outlet is connected to an exhaust pipe.

5. The automatic backfilling and compacting device for construction site foundation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The drop hammer compaction system (4) is connected to the telescopic support device (35), and the drop hammer compaction system (4) further includes a housing (41), a hammer (42), a lifting punch motor (43), a connecting piece and a covering device (44). The hammer (42), the lifting punch motor (43), the connecting piece and the covering device (44) are all arranged in the housing (41), the lifting punch motor (43) is connected to the hammer (42) through the connecting piece, and the compaction detection mechanism (45) is arranged at the lower end of the hammer (42).

6. The automatic backfilling and compacting device for construction site foundation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The integrated control system (1) comprises a transport vehicle and a central control box provided on the transport vehicle, wherein a PLC controller is integrated inside the central control box, wherein a control program is preset in the PLC controller, and the PLC controller performs program control on the crushing and drying system (2), the shaftless screw conveying device (3), and the drop hammer compaction system (4) based on data received in real time.

7. The automatic backfilling and compacting device for construction site foundation according to claim 6, characterized in that: The transport vehicle is a crawler or wheeled structure, the rotating mechanism (31) includes a rotating base and a support frame rotatably connected to the rotating base, the rotating base is installed on the transport vehicle, and the telescopic support device (35) and the recovery device (36) are both installed on the support frame; a plurality of supporting hydraulic cylinders are arranged around the transport vehicle, the piston rods of the supporting hydraulic cylinders extend downward, and the lower ends of the piston rods are provided with supporting feet for increasing the contact area with the ground.

8. The automatic backfilling and compacting device for construction site foundation according to claim 6, characterized in that: A data processing module and a wireless communication module are also provided inside the central control box. The PLC controller and the wireless communication module are electrically connected to the data processing module; the data processing module is used to receive, analyze and store data collected by various devices or systems; the wireless communication module uses any one of a 4G communication module, a 5G communication module, and a WiFi communication module. The data processing module is connected to the remote control terminal through the wireless communication module, and the remote control terminal includes one or more of a smartphone, a tablet computer, and a PC.

9. A construction method for a construction site foundation, characterized in that: Construction is carried out using the automatic backfilling and compacting device for the construction site foundation as described in any one of claims 1 to 8.

10. A construction method for a construction site foundation according to claim 9, characterized in that: The specific steps include: S100, backfill soil pretreatment: the untreated original backfill soil is transported to the crushing and drying system (2), the crushing and drying system (2) performs real-time moisture content detection on the original backfill soil, and transmits the detection result to the integrated control system (1); when it is detected that the moisture content of the original backfill soil exceeds the standard, the integrated control system (1) controls the crushing and drying system (2) to dry and crush the backfill soil according to the moisture content of the original backfill soil; when it is detected that the moisture content of the original backfill soil does not exceed the standard, the integrated control system (1) controls the crushing and drying system (2) to only crush the backfill soil; S200, backfill soil transportation: the shaftless screw conveying device (3) is rotated and telescopically adjusted according to the specific position of the backfill area, so that the discharge end of the flexible shell (32) extends to the area requiring backfill; the conveying motor (34) is started to drive the shaftless screw blade (33) to rotate, and the pre-treated backfill soil is transported to the area requiring backfill; S300, backfill soil tamping: When the backfill soil is transported to the designated area and reaches the predetermined elevation, the drop hammer tamping system (4) is started to perform strong punching and tamping on the backfill soil; during the tamping process, the compaction detection mechanism (45) monitors the compaction degree of the backfill soil in real time and feeds back the data to the integrated control system (1); the integrated control system (1) automatically adjusts the tamping strength and the number of tamping times based on the feedback information from the compaction detection mechanism (45) to ensure that the density of the backfill soil meets the engineering requirements.

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