Drill bit protection device for drilling footage operation of oil field

Abstract

The invention discloses a drill bit protection device for oilfield drilling footage operation, and particularly relates to the technical field of drilling drills, three drill bit units of the drill bit protection device can expand or contract outwards at the same time, the consistency is high, the diameter of the drill bit is changed, and the drill bit protection device flexibly adapts to stratum changes under different operation conditions. Exposure of an external connecting piece is avoided through internal pneumatic clamping, pollution and blockage of drilling fluid and rock debris are effectively prevented, the drill bit adapts to different oil field drilling environments, each cone can rotate, force concentration points are reduced, and the service life of the drill bit is prolonged. Multi-channel air supply is achieved through a micro air pump, on one hand, the air supply is used for driving a pneumatic clamping unit to achieve locking of an adjusting base and a moving plate, and on the other hand, the air supply is used for driving the pneumatic clamping unit to achieve multi-gear angle limiting of the adjusting base; and on the other hand, air is blown into the lubricating oil cavity channel, so that the lubricating oil cavity channel is prevented from being blocked during working, and a lubricating channel in the cone is continuously protected to be unobstructed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of drilling bits, in particular to a drill bit protection device used for oilfield drilling footage operations. Background Art

[0002] As oil and gas resource development continues to increase in depth and intensity, drilling operations, as a core link in oilfield exploration and development, are increasingly demanding operational efficiency and equipment reliability. The drill bit, a key component in the drilling system that directly contacts the formation and completes rock breaking, has a direct impact on the drilling rate, wellbore quality, and the safety of subsequent completion operations. Currently, during drilling footage operations, the drill bit is subjected to long-term high-speed rotation, high-pressure loads, and alternating complex formations. In hard or highly abrasive formations, the cutting edge structure is easily blunted or fractured, resulting in reduced drilling efficiency, increased tripping frequency, and extended non-productive time.

[0003] The traditional external connecting rod adjustment structure has the problems of being exposed and unevenly stressed at multiple points, making it impossible to synchronously control multiple drill bit units and being easily affected by mud and rock cuttings. Moreover, during long-term high-temperature drilling, the lubricating oil channels inside the cone are easily clogged by oil stains, microparticles, etc., causing the cone to sinter or fail. Therefore, a drill bit protection device for oilfield drilling footage operations was proposed. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The object of the present invention is to provide a drill bit protection device for oilfield drilling footage operation to solve the problems mentioned in the above background technology.

[0005] The technical problems mainly solved by the present invention are: The traditional external connecting rod adjustment structure is exposed and has uneven force at multiple points, making it impossible to synchronously control multiple drill bit units and easily stuck due to mud and rock cuttings. In addition, during long-term high-temperature drilling, the lubricating oil channel inside the cone is easily blocked by oil stains, microparticles, etc., causing the cone to sinter or fail.

[0006] The present invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions: A drill bit protection device for oilfield drilling footage operation, comprising a drill bit seat threadedly mounted on a drill pipe, with three drill bit units rotatably arranged on the edge surface of the end portion of the drill bit seat; Each drill unit includes an adjustment seat, an inner side of which is rotatably mounted with a cone through a sealed bearing, and a bottom of the adjustment seat extends into a corresponding limiting groove, and the adjustment seat is rotatably connected to the limiting groove; The interior of the drill bit seat is provided with a driving and adjusting assembly for rotating the three drill bit units in different directions; The drive adjustment assembly includes three moving plates that move toward or away from each other simultaneously. One end of each moving plate extends below the corresponding adjustment seat, and the end of the moving plate is provided with a pneumatic locking unit that is engaged with the corresponding adjustment seat directly below. The pneumatic positioning unit includes a support push block pushed by a pushing unit installed on the moving plate, an inflatable bottom plate is rotatably provided in the middle of the upper surface of the support push block, a clamping column is provided on the upper surface of the inflatable bottom plate, an inflatable member 1 is provided inside the clamping column, and a notch is provided on the surface of the clamping column, and a contact block is provided on the outside of the inflatable member 1; An annular clamping cavity is provided at the bottom of the adjustment seat. After the interior of the inflatable member 1 is filled with gas, the contact block is clamped with the annular clamping cavity through the notch.

[0007] A further technical improvement of the present invention is that the pneumatic positioning unit also includes a piston chamber arranged at the end of the moving plate, the bottom of the support push block is installed with a ring seat that slides with the moving plate, and rotation grooves are provided on both sides of the middle surface of the support push block.

[0008] A further technical improvement of the present invention is that a driving chamber is provided inside the drill bit seat, a connecting chamber is provided between the driving chamber and the limiting groove, a micro air pump is installed on the side of the inner cavity of the driving chamber close to the adjustment seat, the air outlet end of the micro air pump is connected to a hose, the end of the hose is connected to the air outlet channel in the moving plate, and the air outlet channel of the moving plate is connected to the inflatable bottom plate through an intermediate tube.

[0009] A further technical improvement of the present invention is that a pneumatic limit unit is provided at the connection between the adjustment seat and the limiting groove, and the air outlet end of the micro air pump is also connected to a diversion pipe, one end of the diversion pipe is connected to the pneumatic limit unit, and the other end of the diversion pipe is connected to the lubricating oil cavity of the gear.

[0010] A further technical improvement of the present invention is that the pneumatic limiting unit includes a limiting sleeve slidably mounted on the end of the rotating shaft of the adjusting seat, a limiting plate is fixed to the end of the limiting sleeve and slides along the adjusting seat, and a sliding rod is provided on the inner wall of the limiting groove and slides with the limiting plate; One side of the limit plate is provided with an inflatable member 2 connected to the shunt pipe, and the other side of the limit plate is provided with a plurality of limit pins; A plurality of positioning holes are provided on the outside of the rotating shaft end of the adjustment seat, and the plurality of positioning holes and the limiting pins are arranged in a ring shape and plugged and matched.

[0011] A further technical improvement of the present invention is that three bevel gears driven by an active bevel gear are installed on the side of the driving chamber away from the adjustment seat, and the three bevel gears are rotatably installed on a support frame connected to the driving chamber. A transmission screw is fixed in the middle of each bevel gear, and the transmission screw is threadedly sleeved with the corresponding moving plate.

[0012] A further technical improvement of the present invention is that an air inlet for guiding external air into the driving cavity is provided inside the drill bit seat, and a one-way diaphragm is installed at the end of the air inlet close to the driving cavity.

[0013] A further technical improvement of the present invention is that: the outer surface of the drill bit seat is provided with a mounting groove connected to the limiting groove, and the interior of the mounting groove is adapted to be installed with a mounting protruding plate.

[0014] A further technical improvement of the present invention is that flexible rubber pads for sealing are installed on both sides of the exterior of the adjustment seat, and the ends of the flexible rubber pads are fixed to the edges of the limiting groove.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. By ventilating the inflatable base plate, the inflatable part is filled with gas. At this time, the contact block passes through the notch and reaches the annular clamping cavity, thereby completing the clamping connection between the moving plate and the adjustment seat. The movement of the moving plate in two directions pushes the adjustment seat to rotate around its rotation axis. The three drill units can expand or contract outward at the same time with high consistency, changing the diameter of the drill bit and flexibly adapting to formation changes under different operating conditions. The internal pneumatic clamping avoids the exposure of external connectors, effectively preventing drilling fluid and rock cuttings from contamination and blockage. The gears on each adjustment seat are designed to rotate, reducing force concentration points, avoiding component breakage and wear due to rigid contact, and extending the life of the drill bit. The flexible foot pad adapts to the movement of the adjustment seat, allowing appropriate deformation when the adjustment seat moves, thereby maintaining an effective seal, avoiding gas leakage or contaminants from entering, and preventing external contaminants (such as drilling fluid, rock cuttings, etc.) from entering the interior of the restriction groove, reducing stagnation and wear. 2. A micro air pump is used to realize multi-channel air supply. On the one hand, the air supply is used to drive the pneumatic positioning unit. The air flow is connected to the air outlet channel in the moving plate through a hose, and then enters the inflatable component through the intermediate tube. After inflation, the adjustment seat and the moving plate are locked. On the other hand, the pneumatic limit unit is driven by the shunt pipe to realize the multi-speed angle limit of the adjustment seat and achieve precise limit control. On the other hand, the shunt pipe blows air into the lubricating oil channel to avoid blockage of the lubricating oil channel during operation, continuously protecting the internal lubrication channel of the gear, and ensuring the stable and reliable operation of the entire system in the underground environment of high temperature, high pressure and high dust particle concentration. 3. Every time the adjustment seat rotates, the positioning hole is aligned with the limit pin. The inflatable part 2 is filled with gas pressure through the shunt pipe, driving the limit plate to drive the limit sleeve to slide on the upper limit of the rotating shaft end. At this time, the limit pin enters the corresponding positioning hole. Multiple limit pins and positioning holes form multiple limit protections to ensure that each adjustment action is completed within the predetermined range to avoid excessive rotation or deviation; pneumatic control ensures high precision and fast response of the limit. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] To facilitate understanding by those skilled in the art, the present invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0017] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the external structure of the present invention; Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the internal structure of the drill bit holder of the present invention; Figure 3 For the present invention Figure 2 A partial enlarged view of point A in the middle; Figure 4 For the present invention Figure 3 A partial enlarged view of point B in the middle; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional installation structure of the clamping column and the supporting bracket of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of the pneumatic limit unit of the present invention.

[0018] In the figure: 1. Drill bit seat; 2. Mounting groove; 3. Adjustment seat; 4. Gear; 5. Air inlet; 6. Drive chamber; 7. Micro air pump; 8. Mounting convex plate; 9. Limiting groove; 10. Flexible rubber pad; 11. Moving plate; 12. Hose; 13. Transmission screw; 14. Connecting chamber; 15. Positioning hole; 16. Annular clamping chamber; 17. Clamping column; 18. Contact block; 19. Inflatable part 1; 20. Inflatable bottom plate; 21. Support push block; 22. Rotating groove; 23. Piston chamber; 24. Limiting plate; 25. Limiting pin; 26. Inflatable part 2; 27. Bevel gear; 28. Diverter pipe; 29. Limiting sleeve. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] In order to further illustrate the technical means and effects adopted by the present invention to achieve the predetermined purpose of the invention, the specific implementation methods, structures, features and effects of the present invention are described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments.

[0020] See also Figures 1-6 As shown, the present invention provides a drill bit protection device for oilfield drilling footage operation, comprising a drill bit holder 1 threadedly mounted on a drill pipe, and three drill bit units are rotatably provided on the edge surface of the end portion of the drill bit holder 1; Each drill unit includes an adjustment seat 3, on the inner side of which a cone 4 is rotatably mounted via a sealed bearing, and the bottom of the adjustment seat 3 extends into a corresponding limiting groove 9, with the adjustment seat 3 being rotatably connected to the limiting groove 9; The interior of the drill bit holder 1 is provided with a drive adjustment assembly for rotating the three drill bit units in different directions; The drive adjustment assembly includes three moving plates 11 that move toward or away from each other simultaneously. One end of each moving plate 11 extends below the corresponding adjustment seat 3, and the end of the moving plate 11 is provided with a pneumatic locking unit that engages with the corresponding adjustment seat 3 directly below the limit position. The pneumatic positioning unit includes a support push block 21 that is pushed by a push unit installed on the moving plate 11. An inflatable base plate 20 is provided in the middle of the upper surface of the support push block 21 through a damping shaft. The upper surface of the inflatable base plate 20 is provided with a clamping column 17. An inflatable member 19 is provided inside the clamping column 17. A notch is provided on the surface of the clamping column 17. A contact block 18 is provided outside the inflatable member 19. The bottom of the adjustment seat 3 is provided with an annular clamping cavity 16. After the interior of the inflatable member 19 is filled with gas, the contact block 18 is clamped with the annular clamping cavity 16 through the notch. Each adjustment seat 3 is connected to the corresponding moving plate 11 through a pneumatic locking unit; During the clamping, the support push block 21 is accommodated in the piston cavity 23 at the end of the moving plate 11, the inflatable member 19 is in an uninflated state, and the contact block 18 does not enter the position of the notch on the clamping column 17, which facilitates the clamping. When the clamping columns 17 in three directions reach the bottom of the corresponding annular clamping cavity 16, the pushing unit pushes the support push block 21 upward, and the support push block 21 drives the clamping column 17 on the inflatable bottom plate 20 to completely enter the annular clamping cavity 16; The pushing unit is a micro electric push rod; Then, the inflatable bottom plate 20 is ventilated, so that the interior of the inflatable member 19 is filled with gas. At this time, the contact block 18 passes through the gap and reaches the annular clamping cavity 16, thereby completing the clamping connection between the moving plate 11 and the adjusting seat 3; When the three moving plates 11 are pushed outward at the same time, the adjusting seat 3 is pushed to move together, and one end of the inflatable bottom plate 20 rotates toward the inner side of the support push block 21, so that the adjusting seat 3 rotates inward along the rotating shaft end in the limiting groove 9. The adjusting seat 3 then drives the cone 4 installed thereon to retract inward as a whole, thereby reducing the diameter of the drill bit. On the contrary, when the moving plate 11 retreats inward, it drives the adjusting seat 3 to rotate in the opposite direction, and the cone 4 connected to its upper end opens outward synchronously, increasing the diameter of the drill bit to adapt to different drilling environments; Since the inflatable bottom plate 20 is connected to the support push block 21 via a damping shaft, the upward movement of the support push block 21 is smoothed by the damping shaft, avoiding excessive impact caused by rapid movement, ensuring that each engagement can be achieved accurately and without jamming. The damping shaft effectively controls the smoothness of the rotation of the adjustment seat 3, ensuring that the adjustment seat 3 completes the rotation stably; The movement of the moving plate 11 in two directions, under the movable clamping connection, pushes the adjustment seat 3 to rotate around its rotation axis, and the adjustment seat 3 drives the connected cone 4 to expand or contract, thereby adjusting the diameter of the drill bit to ensure that the drilling path does not deviate. The displacement operation on both sides of the moving plate 11 provides precise angle adjustment, which can flexibly adapt to changes in the formation under different working conditions. The internal pneumatic clamping avoids the exposure of external connectors, effectively prevents drilling fluid, rock cuttings contamination and blockage, keeps the external structure of the drill bit compact and smooth, and the gears 4 on each adjustment seat 3 are designed to rotate to reduce force concentration points, avoid component breakage and wear due to rigid contact, and extend the life of the drill bit.

[0021] See Figure 5 As shown, the pneumatic positioning unit further includes a piston chamber 23 provided at the end of the moving plate 11, a ring seat that slides with the moving plate 11 is installed at the bottom of the support push block 21, and a rotation groove 22 is provided on both sides of the middle surface of the support push block 21; The support push block 21 moves in two directions along with the moving plate 11; When moving inward, one end of the inflatable bottom plate 20 smoothly enters the rotation groove 22 adjacent to the side of the mounting groove 2; When moving outward, the other end of the inflatable bottom plate 20 enters the rotation groove 22 on the other side.

[0022] See Figure 1 、 Figure 2 、 Figure 3 As shown, a driving chamber 6 is provided inside the drill bit seat 1, and a communicating chamber 14 is provided between the driving chamber 6 and the limiting groove 9. A micro air pump 7 is installed on the side of the inner cavity of the driving chamber 6 close to the adjusting seat 3. The air outlet end of the micro air pump 7 is connected to a hose 12. The end of the hose 12 is connected to the air outlet channel in the moving plate 11. The air outlet channel of the moving plate 11 is connected to the inflatable bottom plate 20 through an intermediate tube. A pneumatic limit unit is provided at the connection between the adjustment seat 3 and the limiting groove 9. The outlet end of the micro air pump 7 connecting hose 12 is also connected to a shunt pipe 28. One end of the shunt pipe 28 is connected to the pneumatic limit unit, and the other end of the shunt pipe 28 is connected to the lubricating oil cavity of the gear 4. It should be noted that the air inlet end of the shunt pipe 28 is connected to the air outlet end of the hose 12 connected to the micro air pump 7, and solenoid valves for controlling the on-off of the gas passage are provided at the inlet ends of the shunt pipe 28 and the hose 12. The two solenoid valves are opened and operated according to the use requirements of the pneumatic positioning unit and the pneumatic limit unit. A micro air pump 7 is used to realize multi-channel air supply. On the one hand, the air supply is used to drive the pneumatic locking unit. The air flow is connected to the air outlet channel in the moving plate 11 through the hose 12, and then enters the inflatable member 19 through the intermediate tube. After inflation, the adjustment seat 3 and the moving plate 11 are locked. On the other hand, the pneumatic limit unit is driven by the shunt pipe 28 to achieve multi-level angle limit of the adjustment seat 3 and realize precise limit control; On the other hand, the diverter pipe 28 blows air into the lubricating oil cavity to avoid blockage of the lubricating oil cavity during operation, continuously protecting the internal lubrication channel of the gear 4 from being unobstructed, and ensuring that the entire system maintains stable and reliable operation in the underground environment of high temperature, high pressure and high dust particle concentration.

[0023] See Figure 4 and Figure 6 As shown, the pneumatic limiting unit includes a limiting sleeve 29 that is slidably mounted on the rotating shaft end of the adjustment seat 3. The end of the limiting sleeve 29 is fixed with a limiting plate 24 that slides along the adjustment seat 3. The inner wall surface of the limiting groove 9 is provided with a sliding rod that slides with the limiting plate 24. One side of the limit plate 24 is provided with an inflatable member 26 connected to the diversion pipe 28, and the other side of the limit plate 24 is provided with a plurality of limit pins 25; The outer portion of the rotating shaft end of the adjustment seat 3 is provided with a plurality of positioning holes 15, and the plurality of positioning holes 15 and the limiting pins 25 are arranged in a ring shape and plugged in and matched; The pneumatic limit unit is not inflated, releasing the restriction on the adjustment seat 3. The adjustment seat 3 rotates around its rotation axis under the push of the moving plate 11. During each rotation, the positioning hole 15 is aligned with the limit pin 25. That is, after one rotation, the arc length of two adjacent positioning holes 15 is aligned. The second inflatable part 26 is filled with gas pressure through the shunt pipe 28, driving the limit plate 24 to drive the limit sleeve 29 to slide at the upper limit of the rotating shaft end. At this time, the limit pin 25 enters the corresponding positioning hole 15. Multiple limit pins 25 and positioning holes 15 form multiple limit protections to ensure that each adjustment action is completed within the predetermined range to avoid excessive rotation or deviation; pneumatic control ensures high precision and fast response of the limit.

[0024] See Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, three bevel gears 27 driven by an active bevel gear are installed on the side of the drive chamber 6 away from the adjustment seat 3. The three bevel gears 27 are rotatably mounted on a support frame connected to the drive chamber 6. A transmission screw 13 is fixed to the middle of each bevel gear 27, and the transmission screw 13 is threadedly sleeved with the corresponding moving plate 11. The active bevel gear is driven by the power source (motor) in the drive chamber 6. The active bevel gear meshes with the three bevel gears 27 to rotate simultaneously, driving the corresponding transmission screws 13 to rotate simultaneously, so that the three moving plates 11 move in different directions at the same time. The coordinated work of the three moving plates 11 realizes the precise expansion and contraction of the cone 4, thereby adjusting the diameter of the drill bit.

[0025] See Figure 2As shown, the drill bit holder 1 is provided with an air inlet 5 for guiding external air into the driving chamber 6, and a one-way diaphragm is installed at the end of the air inlet 5 close to the driving chamber 6; Prevent external liquid or drilling mud from flowing back, and provide one-way air supply to ensure safe and stable operation of the internal gas circuit.

[0026] See Figure 1 and Figure 3 As shown, the outer surface of the drill bit seat 1 is provided with a mounting groove 2 connected to the limiting groove 9, and the interior of the mounting groove 2 is sealed with a mounting convex plate 8; By sealing the mounting protrusion 8 and the mounting groove 2, effective physical isolation is established to prevent the intrusion of external pollutants.

[0027] See Figure 2 As shown, flexible rubber pads 10 for sealing are installed on both sides of the outside of the adjustment seat 3, and the ends of the flexible rubber pads 10 are fixed to the edges of the limiting groove 9; It can adapt to the movement of the adjustment seat 3 and allow appropriate deformation to occur when the adjustment seat 3 moves (such as rotates), thereby maintaining an effective seal, avoiding gas leakage or contaminants from entering, and preventing external contaminants (such as drilling fluid, rock cuttings, etc.) from entering the interior of the restriction groove 9, reducing sticking and wear, extending the life of the system, and protecting the internal pneumatic system from interference from the external environment.

[0028] When the present invention is in use, the inflatable bottom plate 20 is ventilated, thereby filling the interior of the inflatable member 19 with gas. At this time, the contact block 18 passes through the notch and reaches the annular clamping cavity 16, thereby completing the clamping connection between the moving plate 11 and the adjusting seat 3. The movement of the moving plate 11 in two directions pushes the adjusting seat 3 to rotate in different directions around its rotation axis. The three drill bit units can expand or contract outward at the same time, with high consistency, changing the diameter of the drill bit, and flexibly adapting to changes in the formation under different operating conditions. The internal pneumatic clamping avoids exposure of external connectors, effectively preventing drilling fluid and rock cuttings from contaminating and clogging. The gear 4 on each adjusting seat 3 is designed to rotate, reducing force concentration points, avoiding component breakage and wear due to rigid contact, and extending the life of the drill bit. The flexible rubber pad 10 adapts to the movement of the adjusting seat 3, allowing appropriate deformation when the adjusting seat 3 moves, thereby maintaining effective sealing, avoiding gas leakage or contaminants from entering, and preventing external contaminants (such as drilling fluid, rock cuttings, etc.) from entering the interior of the limiting groove 9, reducing stagnation and wear. A micro air pump 7 is used to realize multi-channel air supply. On the one hand, the air supply is used to drive the pneumatic positioning unit. The air flow is connected to the air outlet channel in the moving plate 11 by the hose 12, and then enters the inflatable part 19 through the intermediate tube. After inflation, the adjustment seat 3 and the moving plate 11 are locked. On the other hand, the pneumatic limit unit is driven by the shunt pipe 28 to realize multi-speed angle limit of the adjustment seat 3 and realize precise limit control. On the other hand, the shunt pipe 28 blows air into the lubricating oil cavity to avoid blockage of the lubricating oil cavity during operation, continuously protect the internal lubrication channel of the gear 4 from being unobstructed, and ensure that the entire system maintains stable and reliable operation in the underground environment of high temperature, high pressure and high dust particle concentration. Every time the adjustment seat 3 rotates, the positioning hole 15 is aligned with the limit pin 25, and the inflatable part 26 is filled with gas pressure through the shunt pipe 28, driving the limit plate 24 to drive the limit sleeve 29 to slide at the upper limit of the rotating shaft end. At this time, the limit pin 25 enters the corresponding positioning hole 15. Multiple limit pins 25 and positioning holes 15 form multiple limit protections to ensure that each adjustment action is completed within the predetermined range to avoid excessive rotation or deviation; pneumatic control ensures high precision and fast response of the limit.

[0029] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and does not constitute any form of limitation to the present invention. Although the present invention has been disclosed as a preferred embodiment as above, it is not intended to limit the present invention. Any person skilled in the art can make some changes or modifications to equivalent embodiments using the technical contents disclosed above without departing from the scope of the technical solution of the present invention. However, any simple modifications, equivalent changes and modifications made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the content of the technical solution of the present invention are still within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A drill bit protection device for oilfield drilling footage operation, comprising a drill bit holder (1) threadedly mounted on a drill pipe, characterized in that: The end edge surface of the drill bit seat (1) is rotatably provided with three drill bit units; Each drill unit comprises an adjustment seat (3), a gear (4) is rotatably mounted on the inner side of the adjustment seat (3) via a sealed bearing, and the bottom of the adjustment seat (3) extends into a corresponding limiting groove (9), and the adjustment seat (3) is rotatably connected to the limiting groove (9); A driving adjustment assembly for rotating the three drill units in different directions is provided inside the drill bit seat (1); The driving and adjusting assembly comprises three moving plates (11) that move toward or away from each other simultaneously, one end of each moving plate (11) extends below the corresponding adjusting seat (3), and the end of the moving plate (11) is provided with a pneumatic locking unit that is limitedly engaged with the position directly below the corresponding adjusting seat (3); The pneumatic positioning unit includes a support push block (21) pushed by a push unit installed on a moving plate (11), an inflatable bottom plate (20) is rotatably provided on the middle portion of the upper surface of the support push block (21), a clamping column (17) is provided on the upper surface of the inflatable bottom plate (20), an inflatable member (19) is provided inside the clamping column (17), a notch is provided on the surface of the clamping column (17), and a contact block (18) is provided outside the inflatable member (19); An annular clamping cavity (16) is provided at the bottom of the adjustment seat (3). After the interior of the inflatable member (19) is filled with gas, the contact block (18) is clamped with the annular clamping cavity (16) through the notch. Flexible rubber pads (10) for sealing are installed on both sides of the outside of the adjustment seat (3), and the ends of the flexible rubber pads (10) are fixed to the edges of the limiting groove (9).

2. The drill bit protection device for oilfield drilling footage operation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pneumatic positioning unit further comprises a piston chamber (23) provided at the end of the moving plate (11); a ring seat which is slidably engaged with the moving plate (11) is installed at the bottom of the supporting push block (21); and rotating grooves (22) are provided on both sides of the middle surface of the supporting push block (21).

3. The drill bit protection device for oilfield drilling footage operation according to claim 1, characterized in that: A driving chamber (6) is provided inside the drill bit seat (1), a communicating chamber (14) is provided between the driving chamber (6) and the limiting groove (9), a micro air pump (7) is installed on a side of the inner cavity of the driving chamber (6) close to the adjustment seat (3), an air outlet end of the micro air pump (7) is connected to a hose (12), an end of the hose (12) is communicated with an air outlet channel in the moving plate (11), and the air outlet channel of the moving plate (11) is communicated with the inflatable bottom plate (20) through an intermediate tube.

4. The drill bit protection device for oilfield drilling footage operation according to claim 3, characterized in that: A pneumatic limiting unit is provided at the connection between the adjustment seat (3) and the limiting groove (9), and the outlet end of the connecting hose (12) of the micro air pump (7) is also connected to a diverter pipe (28), one end of the diverter pipe (28) is connected to the pneumatic limiting unit, and the other end of the diverter pipe (28) is connected to the lubricating oil cavity of the gear (4).

5. The drill bit protection device for oilfield drilling footage operation according to claim 4, characterized in that: The pneumatic limiting unit comprises a limiting sleeve (29) which is slidably mounted on the end of the rotating shaft of the adjusting seat (3); a limiting plate (24) which is fixed to the end of the limiting sleeve (29) and which slides along the adjusting seat (3); and a sliding rod which slides with the limiting plate (24) is provided on the inner wall surface of the limiting groove (9); A second inflatable member (26) connected to the diversion pipe (28) is provided on one side of the limit plate (24), and a plurality of limit pins (25) are provided on the other side of the limit plate (24); A plurality of positioning holes (15) are provided on the outside of the rotating shaft end of the adjustment seat (3), and the plurality of positioning holes (15) and the limiting pins (25) are arranged in a ring shape and are plugged and matched.

6. The drill bit protection device for oilfield drilling footage operation according to claim 3, characterized in that: Three bevel gears (27) driven by an active bevel gear are installed on a side of the drive chamber (6) away from the adjustment seat (3). The three bevel gears (27) are rotatably mounted on a support frame connected to the drive chamber (6). A transmission screw (13) is fixed to the middle of each bevel gear (27), and the transmission screw (13) is threadedly sleeved with the corresponding motion plate (11).

7. The drill bit protection device for oilfield drilling footage operation according to claim 3, characterized in that: An air inlet (5) for guiding external air into the drive chamber (6) is provided inside the drill bit seat (1), and a one-way diaphragm is installed at the end of the air inlet (5) close to the drive chamber (6).

8. The drill bit protection device for oilfield drilling footage operation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer surface of the drill bit seat (1) is provided with a mounting groove (2) communicating with the limiting groove (9), and a mounting convex plate (8) is sealedly mounted inside the mounting groove (2).

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